i Jeffrey L. Engbers Health Exercise and Sports Science This ...

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I heartily acknowledge Dr. John Barnes, my advisor and dissertation chair, for meeting me where I needed to be met at and encouraging me to push through the process of earning this degree. His ability to adapt to students’ needs and desires for the benefit of their education while holding high standards will remain with me as I continue my career. I also thank my committee members, Dr. Jim Timmer Jr., Dr. Todd Seidler, and Dr. Annie Clement. Dr. Jim Timmer Jr. was extremely valuable in the formulation of the dissertation and his first hand knowledge of Directing Athletics at the Division III level was vital. Dr. Todd Seidler and Dr. Annie Clement provided valuable recommendations pertaining to this study and assistance in my professional development. Gratitude is also extended to the athletic directors who provided valuable insight while serving on the pilot study and the many athletic directors who gave of their precious time to complete the survey. To my editor, Lori Macdonald, though a small word of thanks is not enough for the many hours you spent reading, editing, and revising the many pages of writing, I am extremely thankful for you and your editing skills. To my family, Lance, RoseAnn, Chuck, Jill, Niecia, Ellen, Bob, Ilah, Lori, Andy, Beckett, David, Michelle, Jackson, William, Avery, Kyle, Erica, Joshua, Tara, Kyler, Ryenn, Gabriel, Hope, and Gideon – Thank You for the distinctive ways you have supported me! And finally to my wife, Noell, I can’t thank you enough for your love, support, encouragement, and the way you push me to be my best. I love you. iv
AN EXPLORATION OF CHALLENGES FACING DIVISION III ATHLETIC DIRECTORS by JEFFREY L. ENGBERS B.A., PHYSICAL EDUCATION, CALVIN COLLEGE, 2005 M.A., SPORT MANAGEMENT & SPORT STUDIES, WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY, 2007 PH.D., PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORTS & EXERCISE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO, 2011 ABSTRACT The marriage of athletics and education, although common in the United States, is a unique structure within scholastic and collegiate institutions. The national governing body for intercollegiate athletics is the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The NCAA has divided its members into three Divisions: I, II and III. Division III focuses primarily on the academic growth of students, but also recognizes the importance and benefit of intercollegiate athletic competition for student-athletes. Unique to Division III is that no athletic scholarships are awarded to student-athletes (NCAA, 2007). The athletic director (AD) is the leader of the athletic department and at the Division III level, a limited amount of research exists on ADs. The purpose of this study was to establish a basic understanding of the challenges associated with directing athletic programs at NCAA Division III Institutions. Specifically, this study identified the frequency, intensity, and time allocated to common challenges facing the position of the NCAA Division III AD. Challenges analyzed included balancing academics and athletics, personnel issues, time management, budget v
Page 1 and 2: Jeffrey L. Engbers Candidate Health
Page 3: DEDICATION Thank You God for showin
Page 7 and 8: keeping athletics competitive more
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES..
Page 11 and 12: Keeping Athletic Programs Competiti
Page 13 and 14: LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1. Full Time
Page 15 and 16: Athletic Directors of the North Eas
Page 17 and 18: CHAPTER I - INTRODUCTION The marria
Page 19 and 20: maintaining responsibility for the
Page 21 and 22: 4. Much of the research on NCAA ADs
Page 23 and 24: R3A1: If there is a significant int
Page 25 and 26: 6. Public Institution: Schools that
Page 27 and 28: 2009). Liberal arts colleges have b
Page 29 and 30: (2004) found that liberal arts coll
Page 31 and 32: Research on liberal arts college st
Page 33 and 34: The main difference between Divisio
Page 35 and 36: football field validated their inst
Page 37 and 38: strongly agreed that athletic parti
Page 39 and 40: an athlete's educational and charac
Page 41 and 42: education so that the “educationa
Page 43 and 44: these schools to compete at a diffe
Page 45 and 46: the mission of colleges and univers
Page 47 and 48: 20% of the institutions public and
Page 49 and 50: institutions sponsor the greatest n
Page 51 and 52: is far less. Division III budgets a
Page 53 and 54: contribute ideas and experiences (F
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According to Acosta and Carpenter (
Page 57 and 58:
work and jobs of the subordinates e
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prompted a shift from traditional c
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Division III could consist of 480 m
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three week time frame. Projected gr
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importance of athletics in educatio
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athletics, is becoming evident at D
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In contrast to Division I and II AD
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The Division III model of athletic
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Females ADs at the Division III lev
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about an unpublished institutional
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number of volunteer coaches allowed
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developed the list of challenges th
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• Questions were added which aske
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analyzed, and prevalent themes, top
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pre-set alpha level of .05. Using G
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and prevalent themes, topics, and i
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espondents, 170 (76%) indicated the
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43 (40%) were head coaches of one o
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while advocating for athletics.”
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The sixth statement ADs were asked
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Mean 3.47 4.20 4.11 4.26 Std. Dev.
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Std. Dev. 1.399 .994 1.021 1.214 In
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Table 4-12 F and p-values for the 2
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p .114 .930 .538 Intensity F 2.562
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F-value along with the significance
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ADs in the Mid West had a mean scor
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(44% strongly agreed), 88% at least
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slightly agreed that this challenge
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athletics), perhaps balancing acade
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the summer. The challenge (is) cont
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study, the data suggests that Title
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at the institutions in one area of
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for the ANOVA for the frequency, in
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challenges. Division III leaders sh
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ADs are most satisfied when they ar
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Second, while Division III institut
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Coaching experience, specifically a
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personnel, or an aspect of one of t
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Educators preparing current and fut
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presented in this study would provi
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(Emailed Jan. 31, 2011) APPENDIX A
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Q4: What is your gender? Q5: Identi
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Q18: How many years of experience d
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advocating for athletics. Q36: In m
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REFERENCE: Acosta, R. V. & Carpente
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Boyer Commission on Educating Under
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Covell, D. (2002). Organizational d
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Development, 36(3), 217-227. Fink,
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athletic directors. Journal of Rese
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Management Executive, 18, 127-130.
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http://www.ncaa.org/wps/ncaa?key=/n
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Thesis, University of North Carolin
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NCAA division III athletic director
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of Intercollegiate Sport, 1, 40-58.
Page 165 and 166:
National Collegiate Athletic Associ
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