Supplement Facts - RBC Life
Supplement Facts - RBC Life
Supplement Facts - RBC Life
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Doctors Share<br />
THE<br />
SCIENCE BEHIND<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials<br />
A compilation of the<br />
latest nutritional information<br />
from medical experts<br />
Nutritional <strong>Supplement</strong>ation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 1<br />
Choosing A Dietary <strong>Supplement</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 3<br />
Four Nutritional Pioneers, 25 Years of Research . . . . . .Page 4<br />
The Beneficial Nutrients in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials . . . .Page 5<br />
The Healing Powers of Aloe Vera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 23<br />
Nature’s Perfect Food – Spirulina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 24<br />
What Are Antioxidants and<br />
Why Does The Body Need Them? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 26<br />
The Power of Nanotechnology,<br />
NanoClusters and NanoCeuticals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Page 27
Health experts have said it for years. Now research proves it. Our diets do not provide the nutrition we<br />
need. Modern farming practices have depleted our soils to such an extent that it is almost impossible<br />
to obtain the nutrients your body needs through food alone.<br />
People everywhere are turning to supplements to fill in the gaps and compensate for a deficient diet.<br />
So, how can you know that you are taking the right nutrients, in the right amounts and at the right<br />
time? How can you be sure that you are consuming the highest quality supplements available and that<br />
what’s on the label is really what’s in the product? These are no doubt concerns of yours, and at <strong>RBC</strong>,<br />
they are concerns of ours. This is why we created 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials is a complete nutritional protocol that lays a solid foundation for any adult<br />
who desires optimum health. We have taken the confusing world of supplements and created a simple<br />
product that you can easily and confidently use every day to support your health. This information<br />
packet is designed to give you a brief but thorough look into the scientific research behind this<br />
phenomenal product.<br />
Nutritional <strong>Supplement</strong>ation –<br />
No Longer an Option…<br />
A number of reputable journals have recently published research supporting the need for<br />
supplementation. In the Journal of the American Medical Association 2002, Harvard Medical School<br />
scientists stated that we should all take a vitamin supplement “because most people do not consume<br />
an optimal amount of all vitamins by diet alone.” After reviewing thirty years of scientific research,<br />
they found that even with the variety of foods we eat, Americans are still deficient in some nutrients.<br />
They also drew a very definite link between this low intake of important vitamins and the risk of<br />
disease. In their research they stated, “Suboptimal intake of some vitamins, even above levels causing<br />
classic vitamin deficiency, is a risk factor for chronic diseases and common in the general population,<br />
especially the elderly.” They specifically advised that all Americans supplement with folic acid, and<br />
vitamins B-6, B-12, D, E and C. 1<br />
Adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals are critical for the healthy functioning of all organs and<br />
systems throughout the body. Research shows that specific levels of nutrients are needed for the<br />
protection of bones and blood cells as well as the healthy functioning of the heart and eyes. There is<br />
also evidence that adequate levels of vitamins and minerals are important for supporting aging-related<br />
memory function. 1 It has been long known that a diet low in vitamins or minerals may lead to severe<br />
illnesses, such as scurvy from lack of vitamin C.<br />
The idea that our diets do not provide adequate nutrition is not a new one. As early as 1938 Dr. Charles<br />
Northern reported to the U.S. Senate that fruits and vegetables, and therefore people, were deficient<br />
in vital minerals due to the depletion of our soils. He stated, “It is bad news to learn from our leading<br />
authorities that 99 percent of the American people are deficient in these minerals, and that a marked<br />
deficiency in any one of the more important minerals actually results in disease.” He continued,<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 1
“Laboratory tests prove that the fruits and vegetables, the grains, the eggs and even the milk and the<br />
meats of today are not what they were a few generations ago.” As if these statements were not alarming<br />
enough, he concluded, “No man of today can eat enough fruits and vegetables to supply his system<br />
with the mineral salts he requires for perfect health.” 2<br />
80 percent of foods<br />
tested were low in<br />
calcium and iron…<br />
According to Canadian government research data<br />
collected in 1951, 1972, and 1999, almost 80 percent of<br />
foods tested were low in calcium and iron, three<br />
quarters were low in vitamin A, half were low in vitamin<br />
C and riboflavin, one third were low in thiamine, and 12<br />
percent were low in niacin. 3<br />
While research reveals the need for all adults to supplement, it also shows the critical need for<br />
nutritional support among the elderly. Recently, the Journal of the American Geriatric Society<br />
published a study in which 800 senior residents housed in a long-term care facility and fed a basic<br />
2,000-calorie diet were all found to be deficient in vitamin E, pantothenic acid, calcium, zinc, copper<br />
and manganese. The authors concluded that older residents require a daily full-spectrum vitamin and<br />
mineral supplement to meet their nutritional needs. 4<br />
It is also clear that our nutrient deficient diet is taking its toll on the health of our children. A recent<br />
study in Mexico involved school children who ate a diet supplemented with basic nutrients compared<br />
to those eating a normal diet. Results showed that the children on the supplements had a higher IQ<br />
than those simply eating their typical diet.<br />
Other research shows that depleted soils<br />
are not our only hurdle towards<br />
obtaining the nutrients we need. Certain<br />
medications, including the common<br />
birth control pill, can cause alterations<br />
in nutrient metabolism that result in<br />
vitamin deficiency. Bad habits like<br />
smoking and certain disease states can<br />
also result in nutrient shortages. And of<br />
course, the most obvious reason for<br />
deficiency is the fact that most people<br />
Our nutrient<br />
deficient diet<br />
is taking its<br />
toll on the<br />
health of our children.<br />
now make food choices based on convenience and taste rather than nutritional value.<br />
With all of these factors working against us, it is clear that nutritional supplementation is no longer an<br />
option. It is a necessity.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 2
Choosing a Dietary <strong>Supplement</strong><br />
Nutritional supplements have become wildly popular and are now available at retailers nationwide.<br />
But according to the watchdog website ConsumerLab.com, half of the supplements on the market<br />
don’t contain the levels of nutrients claimed on their labels. These supplements are at best misleading,<br />
and at worst, extremely dangerous.<br />
Out of a sample of vitamin supplements tested by ConsumerLab.com, one did not dissolve properly<br />
and therefore, any nutrients it contained would not be absorbed by the body. Two products contained<br />
excessive amounts of lead, which is a toxic contaminant. 5<br />
It is clear that not all nutritional products on the market are created equal. The nutritional supplements<br />
you use should be from a well-established and well-respected company with a reputation for integrity.<br />
Royal BodyCare has been providing high quality nutritional supplements for the past thirteen years.<br />
We have sold over 10 million bottles of cutting-edge products designed to support optimum health,<br />
energy and vitality. At Royal BodyCare every product is tested for quality-assurance before it is<br />
released into the marketplace and is guaranteed to contain exactly what the label claims. <strong>RBC</strong><br />
products are backed by science, recommended by doctors and consumed by people wanting to live<br />
longer, healthier lives.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 3
Four Nutritional Pioneers, 25 Years of Research<br />
Royal BodyCare has now developed a product that provides a complete nutritional foundation in one<br />
box. 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials provides optimum levels of vitamins, minerals, and select herbs with<br />
natural fruit and vegetable concentrates containing phytochemicals and antioxidants only available<br />
from plants. This comprehensive formula is conveniently packaged in three daily packets so it is easy<br />
to provide the cells with nutrition throughout the day for optimum absorption. Plus, each supplement<br />
is encapsulated in pure vegetable capsules. By taking one packet with each meal daily, your<br />
requirements for vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients are met and the guesswork has been removed.<br />
Four Nutritional Pioneers and 25 years of<br />
Research Lead to the Development of<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials<br />
In the late 70’s, four scientists in separate laboratories conducted research with a similar mission. They<br />
investigated natural plants, not commonly used for food, to discover nutrients that would result in<br />
better health and longevity.<br />
Clinton Howard formed a research team that discovered the active constituents in the aloe vera plant<br />
for professional uses. Dr. Christopher Hills discovered one of nature’s most nutritious foods, spirulina.<br />
Dr. Albert Zehr combined herbs with natural sourced vitamins and minerals to create a line of high<br />
quality supplements. Dr. J. Lee Phelps researched natural ingredients to develop a broad range of wellknown<br />
nutritional products, and more recently pioneered the new field of nanotechnology creating<br />
<strong>RBC</strong>’s line of NanoCeuticals .<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials was formulated based on the research of these pioneers. <strong>RBC</strong> NanoClusters <br />
have been added to enhance conditions for the absorption of these essential nutrients. Now you can<br />
enjoy, every day, the benefits of advanced optimal nutrition from nature, brought to you by scientists<br />
with years of experience in nutritional research.<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials is the ultimate nutritional supplement with 75 source ingredients, 35 trace<br />
elements, multiple antioxidants, the healing powers of aloe vera, spirlulina – one of nature’s most<br />
nutritious foods – blueberries, cranberries, raspberries, grapes, brocooli, kale, spinach, legendary<br />
herbs and the revolutionary <strong>RBC</strong> NanoClusters .<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 4
Aloe vera<br />
The Beneficial Nutrients in<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials<br />
Aloe vera has become a very well known plant over the past several decades.<br />
Most people are aware of its use as a topical aid for sunburns or scratches, but<br />
few know how far reaching its health benefits really are. Thanks to the pioneering<br />
work of <strong>RBC</strong>’s founder and CEO, Dr. Clinton Howard, a great deal of research<br />
has revealed the many ways that aloe vera can support overall health. Because of<br />
his passion to see everyone benefit from this incredibly therapeutic plant, a<br />
powerful aloe vera concentrate has been added to 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Research shows that aloe vera supports a beneficial immunomodulatory effect in the gastrointestinal tract.<br />
It has also been shown to support immune cells throughout the body. Aloe vera contains high molecular<br />
weight mannan polysaccharides that support the immune cells and immunoglobulins, which are important<br />
components of the immune system. 6 Aloe vera contains high quantities of specific sugars including B-1, 4<br />
mannans, a variety of polyhexanoses, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and galactose, which are structural<br />
sugars that help support numerous membrane structures, enzymes, and immunoglobulins within cells. 7,8<br />
Several studies indicate that aloe vera improves bowel function, which is essential to overall health<br />
and well being. 9,10 Aloe vera works to soothe the gastrointestinal tract, and it helps maintain symbiotic<br />
flora in the colon when consumed regularly. Aloe vera also benefits the digestive system by aiding in<br />
the control of yeast and fungi overgrowth in the colon when it is taken regularly. Studies show that<br />
aloe supports the optimal pH of the colon and helps to alkalinize the stomach. 11<br />
Aloe vera is known to help maintain healthy skin when used topically, but studies reveal that it also<br />
supports skin repair when taken orally. 12,13 Aloe vera also contains ingredients that may support<br />
cardiovascular health. 7,8 In addition to these benefits, a preliminary study has shown that aloe aids the<br />
absorption and bioavailability of vitamin C and vitamin E. 14<br />
Astaxanthin<br />
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid that is necessary for proper health. It has exhibited superior antioxidant<br />
properties, even beyond that of beta-carotene. 15 Astaxanthin is a fat-soluble antioxidant that acts<br />
similar to vitamin E in the cells, protecting cell membranes from damaging oxidation. Animal studies<br />
show that when vitamin E is deficient in the diet, but astaxanthin is added, it protects red blood cell<br />
membranes from oxidative damage. 16 In animal studies, astaxanthin restores damaged mitochondrial<br />
membranes three times more effectively than vitamin E. 17 A tissue culture model demonstrated that<br />
astaxanthin was superior to beta-carotene or vitamin E in protecting the cells from herbicide-induced<br />
oxidative stress. 18<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 5
Biotin<br />
Biotin is a water-soluble B vitamin that plays an important role in the numerous enzyme reactions<br />
responsible for fatty acid production, and in the oxidation of fatty acids and carbohydrates. Biotin has<br />
also been found to be important to normal gene expression. 19<br />
Biotin deficiency can result in weight loss, nausea, vomiting, swollen tongue, pallor, depression and<br />
a dry scaly dermatitis. 20 It can also cause muscle pain, sensitivity of skin to touch, weight loss, slight<br />
anemia and a change in the electrocardiographic activity of the heart. 21 Clinical studies have provided<br />
evidence that marginal biotin deficiency is more common than was previously thought. 22<br />
Blueberry<br />
One of the many unique ingredients in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong><br />
Essentials is blueberry. This incredible fruit contains<br />
powerful phenolic compounds that scavenge superoxide<br />
radicals, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet<br />
oxygen. The nutrients in blueberries protect cell membranes<br />
and nerve cells from free radical oxidative damage. 23<br />
Animal studies showed improved age related memory<br />
function after subjects consumed a blueberry supplement. 24<br />
A USDA study showed that rats fed blueberries on a daily basis showed fewer signs of mental or<br />
physical aging. 24 Animals with a genetic predisposition to age related memory loss, showed improved<br />
memory function when fed blueberries. 25 One study conducted by the USDA showed that rats<br />
exhibited fewer signs of mental or physical aging when they were fed a few blueberries each day. 25<br />
Broccoli<br />
Research is revealing the amazing power of certain vegetables to protect our health. Some of the most<br />
exciting results have come from research done on the common, and apparently underestimated,<br />
broccoli plant. This cruciferous dark green vegetable is high in sulphoraphane and flavonoids called<br />
indol-3-carbinol (indols), which are found to be very protective against certain types of mutations at<br />
the cellular level. 26 Indols alter the pathway that converts estrogen into its more harmful forms.<br />
Estrogen sensitive cells can undergo mutations at the cellular level. Indols protect cells from this<br />
damage. 27<br />
Cell culture studies have shown that indole-3-carbinol from broccoli inhibits prostate-specific<br />
antigen production in one type of human prostate carcinoma cells. 28 Sulphoraphane and indoles<br />
also stimulate enzymes that are important for protecting cells against mutations. 27,28 Because of its<br />
incredible benefits and its importance for the health of both men and women, broccoli has been<br />
added to 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 6
Calcium<br />
Calcium is best known for its vital role in the formation of strong bones and teeth; however, its benefits<br />
are more far reaching than most realize. Calcium is important in the maintenance of a regular heartbeat<br />
and the transmission of nerve impulses. 29,30 It helps maintain healthy cholesterol levels and supports a<br />
healthy cardiovascular system. 29 Calcium is needed for muscular growth and contraction, and it offers<br />
aid for mild muscle cramps. It also supports the synthesis of RNA and DNA. 29<br />
Aided by vitamin D, calcium is incorporated into skeletal and cartilage tissues. 31 Female distance<br />
runners improved bone density in certain bones by adding calcium supplementation beyond their daily<br />
diet consumption. 32 Regular exercise and a healthy diet with enough calcium helps teens and young<br />
adult women maintain good bone health and may reduce their high risk of osteoporosis. A 3-year<br />
study showed that vitamin D and calcium supplementation supported bone health in an elderly<br />
community. 33 This nutrient benefits all age groups by supporting healthy bone density, and is a<br />
particularly essential supplement for those on a calorie restricted weight loss program. 34<br />
Studies show that calcium has a role in supporting the immune system, and it supports the secretions<br />
of the parathyroid gland in combination with vitamin D. 31 Calcium also appears to support a healthy<br />
colon wall. 35 Calcium maintains proper cell membrane permeability, aids in neuromuscular activity,<br />
helps keep skin healthy, and supports a healthy pregnancy. 29<br />
One human study demonstrated that it is more beneficial to include calcium supplementation with a<br />
meal. 36 This is why <strong>RBC</strong> has added a beneficial amount of calcium to its 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials<br />
packets, which are to be taken with each meal.<br />
Capsicum<br />
Capsicum is a therapeutic plant containing unique apocarotenoid components, which are substances<br />
that act as antioxidants and may support health. 37 As a medicinal plant, capsicum has been used as a<br />
soothing agent for the stomach and the gastrointestinal tract. 38 It also supports healthy circulation and<br />
it has been studied for its ability to aid in the flow of saliva and gastric juices. 38<br />
Carotene Complex<br />
An exciting new area of health research is discovering the many benefits of plant compounds known<br />
as carotenoids. They not only give plants their wide variety of colors, but they also support human<br />
health in powerful ways. Noticing these many benefits, <strong>RBC</strong> is leading the way by adding a unique<br />
carotene complex to its foundational product, 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials. This carotene complex contains<br />
a powerful blend of astaxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and citrus bioflavonoids. These plant-derived<br />
39, 40<br />
compounds play an important role in protecting against disease and age related conditions.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 7
Choline<br />
Choline is another nutrient essential for good health. 41, 42 It is an important component of the<br />
membranes that surround our cells, making it vital for many bodily functions. Choline has shown<br />
particular health benefits for the liver, in part due to its role transporting harmful cholesterol out of<br />
the liver. 43 While the liver synthesizes choline, it may not produce enough for optimal health.<br />
Choline helps rid the body of homocysteine, a damaging amino acid that jeopardizes cardiovascular<br />
health. Choline is also a precursor to molecules that relay signals between nerve cells, including those<br />
of the brain. 44,45 Studies in humans have revealed that verbal and visual memory improves with choline<br />
supplementation. 44 Children appear to benefit as well. Several studies have investigated the effects of<br />
prenatal choline enrichment towards child learning functions. 46<br />
Recognizing that a shortage of choline in the diet causes liver damage, the Institute of Medicine<br />
(IOM) established its first choline recommendations 3 years ago. It advocates about 0.5 gram per day.<br />
Taking 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials each day makes it easy to obtain this level of choline for brain and<br />
liver support.<br />
Chromium<br />
The mineral chromium has a range of important functions throughout the body. It is essential for glucose<br />
metabolism and acts as a potentiator of insulin action; making is necessary for carbohydrate and lipid<br />
metabolism. Chromium helps to maintain the normal structure of DNA and is involved in the healthy<br />
functioning of the nervous system. It is also an important nutrient for cardiovascular and heart health. 47<br />
For its many benefits to the human body, chromium has been added to 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Citrus bioflavonoids<br />
Citrus bioflavonoids contain antioxidants that inhibit oxidative damage in the lens of the eye. 48 In<br />
cataract formation, free radicals appear to impair the lens crystalline proteins, causing them to clump<br />
together and damage proteolytic enzymes that would normally remove the damaged proteins. 49<br />
In the retina, with its high levels of oxygen and polyunsaturated fatty acids, peroxidation of<br />
membranes likely leads to the death of photoreceptor cells. 50<br />
The body’s natural defense against oxidation of the eye tissues includes antioxidants such as<br />
glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, vitamins C and E, and the pigment melanin. 51<br />
The antioxidant effects of citrus bioflavonoids have also been shown to protect retinal cells from<br />
oxidative damage. 52<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 8
Copper<br />
Copper is an important cofactor for mitochondrial enzymes involved in the energy producing<br />
reactions of the body. It also supports the formation of hemoglobin in red blood cells as well as the<br />
formation of connective tissue, bone, and the skin pigment melanin. 47<br />
Copper acts as an antioxidant in the body and supports the functioning of the heart. It also helps<br />
regulate glucose metabolism. 47 Copper deficiency results in lowered circulating neutrophils, which are<br />
a type of immune cell. 53,54 Copper helps form nerve sheaths and supports nerve cell function. 55<br />
Cranberries<br />
Cranberries provide superior antioxidant protection. According to the<br />
TOSC (Total Oxyradical Scavenging Capacity) antioxidant assay,<br />
cranberries contain one of the highest levels of phenolic compounds of the fruits. They contain even<br />
more of this antioxidant nutrient than apple, red grape, strawberry, pineapple, or lemon. Phenolic<br />
compounds protect the body against damaging free radicals and mutational changes in the cell.<br />
Studies conducted in cell cultures have shown that mutated human liver cells were less likely to<br />
proliferate in the presence of cranberry. 56-60<br />
Folic Acid<br />
24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials provides a high level of folic acid because it is so essential for optimum health.<br />
Folic acid is necessary for the production and maintenance of new cells. 61 It is needed to make DNA<br />
and RNA, which are the building blocks of cells. Folic acid also plays an essential role in the<br />
protection of DNA by preventing changes in its structure that can cause breaks and mutations. 62<br />
Folic acid is well known for its role in lowering homocysteine in conjunction with vitamin B6 and vitamin<br />
B12. This action helps to protect the health of the heart, which is otherwise damaged by this damaging amino<br />
acid. Folic acid is also essential for the formation of new red blood cells and the prevention of anemia. 61,62<br />
Adequate folic acid levels may reduce a woman’s risk of having a child with a brain or spinal chord defect.<br />
Folic acid deficiency can result in diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, heart palpitations, headaches,<br />
irritability and behavioral disorders. 61 As noted in the Journal of the American Medical Associations<br />
2002, folic acid is deficient in the diet of some people. 63<br />
Fo ti<br />
Fo ti is an herb traditionally used in China to support heart health as well as premature<br />
aging and weakness. 64 Animal studies have shown that it helps decrease fat deposits<br />
in the blood and supports the cardiovascular system. 64,65 In vitro studies have shown it<br />
to support immune function, increase red blood cell formation, and exhibit an<br />
66, 67<br />
antibacterial action.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 9
Garlic<br />
68, 69<br />
Garlic is widely used in natural medicine as a natural antimicrobial agent.<br />
A recent study shows that taking garlic extract supports a healthy blood lipid<br />
profile. It also strengthens blood antioxidant potential, indicating a reduction<br />
in the oxidation reactions in the body. Garlic helps maintain healthy blood<br />
pressure and good circulation. 70 Garlic may also support organs such as the<br />
kidneys against oxidative stress. 71<br />
Ginseng<br />
Ginseng is a powerful tonic used by herbalists to energize the entire body. Its key components are<br />
called ginsenosides, and they have demonstrated a variety of biomedical effects such as anti-aging and<br />
antioxidant benefits. 72 Ginsenosides support the antioxidant defense system by helping to lower the<br />
lipid peroxidation products that are responsible for the aging process. 73 The protective effects of<br />
ginseng were shown in several studies which demonstrated that ginseng extracts protected animal<br />
livers from the severe damage caused by carbon tetrachloride poison. 74 Ginseng also has a protective<br />
effect on nerve cells, slowing the process of neurodegenerative cell loss and reducing the appearance<br />
of locomotor dysfunction in animals. 75 Other exciting research shows that ginseng supports healthy<br />
blood sugar levels, and modulates indices of stress, fatigue, and learning. 76,77<br />
Golden Seal<br />
This well-known herb is most often used to help ward off the common cold, and<br />
research does show that golden seal may enhance immune function by increasing<br />
antigen-specific immunoglobulin production. 78 It also appears to inhibit some<br />
harmful bacteria in the stomach, and its active component, berberine, has been<br />
79, 80<br />
used by herbalists as a bitter tonic to improve stomach function.<br />
Golden seal has also demonstrated the ability to support liver health, blood<br />
circulation, and a healthy heart rhythm. 80, 81 Studies with berberine show that this active ingredient can<br />
help to counteract parasites and other organisms. 81<br />
Grapes<br />
Researchers are revealing that this delicious and popular fruit is also one of the<br />
best foods to eat for antioxidant protection and a healthy heart. To reap these<br />
benefits every day, a grape concentrate has been added to 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Grapes contain phenolic compounds, including catechin, epicatechin and gallic acid. Phenolic compounds<br />
are antioxidants that can help maintain a healthy cholesterol balance by reducing the oxidation of LDL<br />
cholesterol. These powerful nutrients support heart health and help maintain healthy blood viscosity. They<br />
also help lower nitric oxide levels, supporting muscular tone and blood flow in the vessels. 82,83<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 10
Another beneficial compound in grapes called resveratrol has been found to support the immune<br />
response and act as an antioxidant. Laboratory studies show that resveratrol may support mutant cell<br />
destruction and inhibit mutant cell proliferation. 84, 85 Research shows that resveratrol protects against<br />
certain types of oxidative damage in the brain and in the lining of the bowel. 86,87 It also appears to have<br />
a protective effect on estrogen sensitive cells in the breast and prostate.<br />
Hawthorn Berry<br />
This medicinal berry is derived from the hawthorn flower, and it is<br />
traditionally used as a general tonic to help maintain heart health and normal<br />
blood pressure. Hawthorn berry appears to support a regular heartbeat and<br />
increase metabolism in the heart muscle. This powerful herb contains<br />
anthocyanins, flavones and flavonoids, which help open the blood vessels and<br />
support blood flow to the heart. 88-90<br />
Herbal Blend<br />
For thousands of years, herbs have been used for their many therapeutic benefits. Recently, people<br />
have begun to turn back to these powerful plants for their specific effects as well as their overall ability<br />
to balance the body without side effects. 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials contains thirteen of the most effective<br />
and well-known herbs including ginseng, rhodiola, ginger, cayenne, fo-ti, garlic, golden seal,<br />
hawthorn, papaya, red fennel, rose hips, sarsaparilla, and uva ursi. This unique and powerful blend has<br />
been developed to meet the needs of both men and women for overall health rejuvenation.<br />
Inositol<br />
Inositol is an important component of cell membranes and is found naturally in the brain and nerve<br />
tissue. It supports heart health by working to remove fats from the liver and metabolize cholesterol. It<br />
is also an important component of the Central Nervous System, and it is necessary for nerve and<br />
motor function in the muscles. 91,92,93 Inositol may play a role in DNA repair, nuclear RNA export and<br />
synaptic membrane trafficking. 94<br />
Iodine<br />
Iodine is an essential element that plays a critical role in the production of thyroid hormones. These<br />
hormones help regulate metabolism and play important roles in growth and development. A<br />
deficiency of iodine in the diet can cause hypothyroidism and even lead to goiter, which is a condition<br />
whereby the thyroid gland becomes enlarged as it tries to make thyroid hormone. The deficiency is<br />
more prevalent in women than in men, and more common in pregnant women and adolescents. The<br />
best preventative measure is to consume adequate iodine levels. 95<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 11
Kale<br />
This leafy green cruciferous vegetable is not nearly as common in our diet as it<br />
should be considering its amazing health benefits. Fortunately, with 24Seven <strong>Life</strong><br />
Essentials, you can reap these benefits everyday.<br />
Kale is high in zeaxanthin and lutein, two carotenoids that form the macula tissue of the<br />
eye, supporting vision. 96 It is also high in sulphoraphane and indols, which stimulate enzymes<br />
that work to protect cells against mutations (fighting enzymes). Indols also alter the pathway<br />
that converts estrogen into its more harmful forms. While estrogen-sensitive cells can undergo<br />
mutations at the cellular level, indols protect them from this damage. 97,98<br />
Kelp<br />
The kelp found in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials has been harvested off the pristine coast of Ireland, giving<br />
you a pure source of over 70 trace minerals that are naturally chelated with plant material for optimal<br />
assimilation. Trace minerals are necessary for many biochemical reactions that take place in the body.<br />
However, they are only needed in very small amounts. The form of the mineral is very important. For<br />
example, aluminum is found in small amounts in the food we eat and is not harmful. However, in its<br />
elemental form it can be toxic.<br />
The chelated trace minerals found in kelp include very small amounts of Aluminum, Antimony,<br />
Barium, Beryllium, Bismuth, Boron, Bromine, Cadmium, Calcium, Cerium, Cesium, Chlorine,<br />
Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Dysprosium, Erbium, Europium, Fluorine, Gadolinium, Gallium,<br />
Germanium, Gold, Hafnium, Holmium, Indium, Iodine, Iridium, Iron, Lanthanum, Lithium,<br />
Lutetium, Magnesium, Manganese, Molybdenum, Neodymium, Nickel, Niobium, Osmium,<br />
Palladium, Phosphorous, Platinum, Potassium, Praseodymium, Rhenium, Rhodium, Rubidium,<br />
Ruthenium, Samarium, Scandium, Selenium, Silicon, Silver, Sodium, Sulfur, Tantalum, Tellurium,<br />
Terbium, Thallium, Thorium, Thulium, Tin, titanium, Tungsten, Uranium, Vanadium, Ytterbium,<br />
Yttrium, Zinc, and Zirconium.<br />
Lutein<br />
Lutein is a carotenoid that plays a powerful role in protecting the health of the eyes, which is becoming<br />
an increasingly important area of focus for the aging population.<br />
Currently there are 30 to 50 million cases of blindness worldwide, many of which are due to cataracts<br />
and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). 99 Epidemiological studies have shown that a high<br />
dietary intake of carotenoids, specifically lutein and zeaxanthin from spinach, kale, and other leafy<br />
green vegetables, may be associated with a reduced risk for both nuclear cataracts and AMD. Both<br />
conditions appear to be linked to the cumulative effects of a lifetime of light-induced oxidation. 100 Both<br />
the lens and the retina are continually exposed to light and oxygen, which can work together to<br />
produce oxygen free radicals. 49 Lutein is thought to help protect this process. 99<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 12
These nutrients are concentrated in the macula of the eyes giving them their yellow color. 101 The retina<br />
itself is composed of 75% lutein. 96 It has been shown experimentally that regular consumption of<br />
lutein supplements can increase the macular pigment density in the eye, which may potentially help<br />
reduce the risk for later development of AMD. 102<br />
Lycopene<br />
The carotene complex found in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials also includes lycopene, which is a carotenoid<br />
predominantly found in tomatoes. Lycopene has been researched extensively over the last several<br />
years because it has demonstrated a variety of protective effects. 101<br />
As a major carotenoid in the blood, lycopene can protect against oxidative damage to lipids, proteins,<br />
and DNA. 102, 103 It is a potent antioxidant towards singlet oxygen, which suggests that it may have<br />
stronger antioxidant potential than other carotenoids. 102<br />
Lycopene has been studied for its role in supporting the inhibition of the progression of mutated cells<br />
in the breast, the endometrial tissue, and in the prostate. 103-105 Lycopene has been shown to protect cells<br />
106, 107<br />
from harmful mutations, often more effectively than other carotenoids.<br />
Epidemiological studies have shown that high concentrations of circulating lycopene offer protection for the<br />
cardiovascular system. 108, 109 Lycopene also shows a protective effect towards the eye and macular tissue. 110<br />
Magnesium<br />
Magnesium is an often-overlooked mineral that has profound effects on the body. A deficiency can<br />
cause a myriad of health challenges, while supplementation often has surprisingly positive benefits.<br />
Like several other minerals, magnesium acts as a cofactor for enzymatic reactions. It is particularly<br />
involved in the reactions responsible for energy production. 112<br />
Magnesium is essential for the uptake of both calcium and potassium. It also assists the body in<br />
maintaining the proper pH balance. A deficiency of magnesium interferes with the transmission of<br />
nerve and muscle impulses, often leading to irritability and nervousness. 113<br />
This essential mineral has been shown in older animals to protect the arterial lining from age-related<br />
changes to the vascular wall (lining of blood vessels), and it is necessary to prevent calcification of soft<br />
tissue. 113, 114 Magnesium also supports blood flow and the entire cardiovascular system. 115, 116 Research<br />
indicates that it may support the maintenance of healthy cholesterol levels. 113 A recent study indicated<br />
that older adults may not have adequate magnesium in their diets to support a healthy vascular system. 115<br />
Animal studies have shown that magnesium deficiency leads to increased bone fragility, altered bone<br />
architecture and diminished bone density (osteoporosis). 118 <strong>Supplement</strong>ing the diet with magnesium<br />
has been shown to help mild depression, dizziness, muscle weakness and twitching, and premenstrual<br />
syndrome. 113 Magnesium also appears to support the brain’s recovery from injury and provide<br />
protection from neurodegeneration and progressive functional deficits. 119<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 13
Manganese<br />
The mineral manganese plays many roles in the body, supporting optimum health in a variety of ways.<br />
Manganese plays key roles in several aspects of growth and reproduction. It supports bone health, liver<br />
function and the pituitary gland. It is necessary for cartilage formation, and it is required by many of<br />
the mitochondrial enzymes responsible for respiration and energy production. Manganese is needed<br />
for healthy nerves, blood sugar balance, and a healthy immune system. Small amounts are also<br />
necessary for protein and fat metabolism. 111<br />
Molybdenum<br />
This mineral is a necessary cofactor for numerous enzymes in the cell. It is involved in many<br />
biological processes including cellular respiration, oxygen utilization, DNA and RNA reproduction,<br />
maintenance of cell membrane integrity, and free radical scavenging. Molybdenum is also important<br />
for the detoxification of alcohol and several cancer causing substances.<br />
Low levels of molybdenum can lead to sulfite allergies and increase a person’s susceptibility to sulfate<br />
toxicity. Deficiency has also been linked to an increase in dental carries and disturbances in uric acid<br />
production (waste metabolism). 120<br />
NanoClusters <br />
NanoClusters are spherical silica mineral complexes that have been developed by <strong>RBC</strong> using a unique<br />
nanotechnology process. NanoClusters assist the dispersion of the nutrients found in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong><br />
Essentials, enhancing their absorption and utilization.<br />
Silica mineral clusters are abundant in glacial water sources, and they support the release and<br />
exchange of important minerals. These clusters were once abundant in natural water sources (streams,<br />
rivers, lakes, mountain and glacier runoff) before water treatment facilities removed most natural<br />
mineral content. The unique properties of particular nanometer sized spherical silica clusters helped<br />
to bind and release important nutrients and water molecules. 122,123 It is known that silica surfaces bind<br />
specific ions and water molecules, providing a slow release matrix for exchanging various elements<br />
such as potassium, magnesium, iron, and hydrogen. 122 Hunza West Pakistan has received interest in<br />
this century by geologists and medical professionals due to the unusual health and longevity of the<br />
people who consume the glacier stream water. 123-126<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 14
Niacin<br />
The mineral niacin acts as a cofactor for hundreds of biochemical enzymes. It<br />
is necessary for the metabolism of glucose to create energy, and it supports the<br />
lining of the gastrointestinal tract. 127 Niacin is unique in that it supports optimal<br />
blood lipid (lipoprotein) levels, which makes it an important mineral for the<br />
health of the cardiovascular system and heart. 128,129,130<br />
The National Clinical Research and Virginia Commonwealth University stated that niacin has been<br />
shown to help maintain healthy support of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and<br />
lipoprotein while supporting an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. 129<br />
Pantothenic Acid<br />
Pantothenic acid is an important water-soluble vitamin, necessary for numerous biochemical reactions<br />
in the cells. It plays a vital role in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and protein. 131<br />
A deficiency of pantothenic acid can result in muscle weakness, gastrointestinal disturbances, and<br />
heart beat irregularities. Animals deficient in the vitamin showed a decrease in antibody formation,<br />
which can impair the immune system. Animals have also shown signs of dermatitis, anemia and lack<br />
of coordination when diets were deficient in this vitamin. 131 <strong>Supplement</strong>ation with pantothenic acid<br />
can support the health and well-being of humans who are deficient in this nutrient. 132<br />
Papaya<br />
Papaya is a tropical fruit that is well known for being a rich source of two enzymes, papain and bromelain,<br />
that break down protein. It also has other benefits as well. Papaya contains a special carotene called<br />
cryptoxanthin. 133 In vitro studies show that the antioxidants found in papaya help protect severe<br />
degeneration of neurons in the retina. 134<br />
One study demonstrated that papaya protected the liver from damage by carbon tetrachloride<br />
toxicity. 135 Papaya also exhibits an anti-bacterial action in laboratory tests. 136 It is high in polyphenol<br />
antioxidants, which have a protective action on lipoprotein metabolism. 137<br />
Potassium<br />
The mineral potassium is important for many vital functions throughout the body. It is required to<br />
maintain a healthy heartbeat and healthy blood pressure. It is needed for the metabolism of both<br />
glucose and protein. Potassium plays a key role in healthy muscle contractions and it also helps<br />
maintain the proper pH balance of the body.<br />
Potassium levels can become exceedingly low during chronic disease conditions, surgery, renal<br />
conditions, and during excess water consumption. Certain medications may cause potassium levels to<br />
fall below normal. 121<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 15
Raspberry<br />
Raspberries are rich in phenolic phytochemicals and flavonoids, which act as<br />
powerful cell-protecting antioxidants. Research has demonstrated that<br />
raspberry extracts can stop the proliferation of mutated liver cells in cell<br />
culture. 138,139 Raspberries contain ellagic acid, which has been found to cause<br />
apoptosis (cell death) in abnormal cells in the laboratory. Animal studies have<br />
shown that ellagic acid also inhibits the abnormal cell division caused by<br />
cytotoxins. 140 Human studies are being conducted at the Medical University of<br />
South Carolina Hollings Cancer Center to see if ellagic acid may support the colon by inhibiting some<br />
abnormal cell division. A recent animal study found that ellagic acid protected mice against<br />
chromosome damage from radiation therapy. 141 Another study indicated that it was effective at<br />
inhibiting abnormal cell growth in esophageal cells in mice. 138,139<br />
Red fennel<br />
Red fennel is an herb traditionally used to suppress the appetite. It is also commonly used for relieving<br />
an acid stomach. Red fennel provides overall support to the kidneys, liver, spleen, lungs,<br />
gastrointestinal tract and stomach. 142<br />
Rhodiola rosea<br />
Rhodiola rosea has been researched in Russia for its balancing effects on serotonin, dopamine and<br />
other neurotransmitters in the brain, acting as a positive mood enhancer. It also increases resistance to<br />
fatigue and appears to improve cognition and memory function, especially when tired. 143<br />
Rhodiola rosea has many positive effects during exercise. It helps to increase fat metabolism and<br />
maintains high levels of creatine phosphate and ATP in the mitochondria. It also increases blood<br />
circulation in the muscles and the brain. 143<br />
Riboflavin (B2)<br />
Riboflavin is referred to as a flavin vitamin, and it participates in the oxidation-reduction reactions of<br />
numerous metabolic and biochemical pathways. This vitamin is involved in energy production via the<br />
respiratory chain. 144 It plays many other roles in the body as well. Vitamin B6 and B2 therapy has been<br />
shown to support the nerve and ligament tissue. 145 Studies in animals have indicated that riboflavin is<br />
essential for maintaining the structure and function of the surface of the eye (cornea and conjunctiva). 146<br />
Riboflavin deficiency has been associated with sore throat, sensitivity and swelling of the mucosal<br />
membranes, cracking and severe drying of the lips, inflammation at the corner of the mouth (angular<br />
stomatitis), dermatitis and anemia. 144 Animal studies have also shown that vitamin B2 deficiency<br />
results in skin lesions. 147 Vegetarians may be especially vulnerable to a deficiency of this nutrient. 148<br />
Riboflavin has also been linked to a lack of well being in female individuals due to its role in<br />
producing sex hormones. 149<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 16
Rose hips<br />
Rose hips provide high amounts of vitamin C as well as important antioxidants, including<br />
bioflavonoids, flavonoids, and citric acid. Rose hips are also rich in polyphenolic compounds, which<br />
have an antioxidant effect on blood cells and the immune cells in the lungs. 150,151 Antioxidants in rose<br />
hips have demonstrated a protective effect against mild inflammation. 152 Flavonoids and vitamin C<br />
from fruits are excellent for supporting the strength of blood vessels and reducing bruises. Studies<br />
have also shown that people with joint soreness tend to improve when taking rose hips. 153<br />
Sarsaparilla<br />
This herb has historically been used to increase energy, support hormone functions, and build the<br />
blood. It is also thought to be useful for the nervous system and sexual function. 154 It has been reported<br />
that sarsaparilla may help inhibit mild inflammation. 155 One study showed that flavones isolated from<br />
sarsaparilla support the health of liver cells. 156 This herb also functions as an antimicrobial agent. 157<br />
Selenium<br />
Selenium is an essential trace mineral in the human body. 158 It is a critical nutrient for the normal<br />
functioning of the immune system and the thyroid gland. 159-161 Selenium is an important part of<br />
antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the effects of free radicals produced during normal<br />
oxygen metabolism. Antioxidants such as selenium help control levels of free radicals that can<br />
otherwise damage cells and contribute to the development of some chronic diseases. 162<br />
Severe gastrointestinal disorders may decrease the absorption of selenium, resulting in selenium<br />
depletion or deficiency. 163 The most common signs of severe selenium deficiency are an enlarged heart<br />
and poor heart function. Selenium deficiency may also affect thyroid function because selenium is<br />
essential for the synthesis of active thyroid hormone. 160 Researchers also believe selenium deficiency<br />
may worsen the effects of iodine deficiency on thyroid function, and that adequate selenium levels<br />
may help protect against some of the neurologic effects of iodine deficiency. 163<br />
Spinach<br />
Spinach provides a natural source of lipoic acid, which is an<br />
antioxidant that has been shown to help reverse oxidative damage<br />
due to aging. Studies show that alpha lipoic acid can improve<br />
memory and learning function in aging animals. 164<br />
Spinach is an excellent source of lutein, a carotenoid that supports<br />
eye health. It is also a rich source of folic acid, which has been found<br />
to support the heart and protect against certain types of mutations at<br />
the cellular level.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 17
Spirulina<br />
Spirulina is a fresh water algae that is very high in a variety of nutrients. Spirulina supplies natural beta<br />
carotene, as well as other carotenes such as lutein and zeaxanthin. Spirulina also provides a natural source<br />
of B vitamins, amino acids and important phyto chemicals that support a healthy immune system.<br />
Spirulina contains an antioxidant called phycocyanin, which has been<br />
found to support the liver, blood cells, and aching joints. It provides some<br />
iron, zinc, copper, manganese and chromium, as well as other important<br />
minerals that support optimal cellular function and metabolism.<br />
Spirulina is a unique plant not only because of its rich nutritional profile,<br />
but also because it is perhaps the best source of plant-based protein on the<br />
planet. In 1976, Nutrition Reports International stated that “Spirulina is<br />
another resource to be added to the armamentarium to close the world’s<br />
protein gap since it has advantages over others, such as the quality of its<br />
protein, its high yield per area and its previous use as a food for centuries<br />
without proven inconvenience.” 165<br />
Spirulina has been proven to be a highly digestible source of protein. 166 The World Health Organization<br />
and the 3rd International Congress of Food Sciences and Technology both reviewed and considered<br />
spirulina a uniquely high quality protein. 167, 168 Spirulina has a PER (protein efficiency ratio) of 87%<br />
and a NPU (net protein utilization) of 92%. 165,166 It also contains the highest ratio of essential amino<br />
acids in a natural, bioavailable form when compared to peas, beans, spinach, soy, whey or egg whites.<br />
Complete digestible proteins assure healthy hair, nails, and skin as well as muscle strength. Spirulina<br />
is also lower in carbohydrates than most plants.<br />
Spirulina is abundant in a full spectrum of essential fatty acids, including gamma linoleic acid. These<br />
essential fats are necessary for building cell membranes including muscle, brain and nerve tissue. It<br />
also naturally contains the entire group of B vitamins in amounts recommended for optimal nerve and<br />
brain function.<br />
The benefits of spirulina go far beyond its basic nutritional content. Spirulina contains high levels of<br />
RNA and DNA, supplying important purines and pyrimidines, for regenerating new cells. It also<br />
contains one of the highest levels of plant phytochemicals that have been researched for their<br />
protection of the colon, prostate, eye, macula, breast and lung tissues. 167-177 Spirulina contains<br />
important carotenoid pigments including lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and astaxanthin, which are<br />
important dietary pigments for the eyes.<br />
Important peer reviewed research has shown that a variety of carotenoids found naturally in spirulina<br />
work to protect the body better than beta-carotene alone. 173,175,176 These carotenoids also have a cleansing<br />
or tonic effect on the entire body. One carotenoid in particular, called phycocyanin, is presently amazing<br />
scientists. Its profound antioxidant properties have been shown to improve joint tissue soreness and to<br />
protect red blood cells from free radical damage. 178,179, 180 Peer reviewed studies show that phycocyanin<br />
enhances immunity, protects nerve tissue, supports joint health, and protects the liver from toxicity. 180-183<br />
Hydroponically grown spirulina from <strong>RBC</strong> contains high amounts of this powerful nutrient.<br />
<strong>RBC</strong>’s spirulina is grown hydroponically in controlled environments, assuring there is no<br />
contamination with dangerous metals or other algae species that may be toxic.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 18
Thiamine<br />
This B vitamin is essential for the heart and vascular system. It is also necessary for adequate<br />
neuromuscular function. A lack of thiamine in the diet causes beriberi, a condition of confusion,<br />
muscle wasting, peripheral paralysis and heart failure. 184 It can also cause acidosis (acidic blood). 185<br />
Thiamin has been shown to benefit the health of both men and women. Research reveals that thiamin<br />
is necessary for the healthy production of sperm cells. 186 A case control study analyzing the health of<br />
over 200 women indicated that thiamin along with folate, riboflavin and vitamin B12 may help protect<br />
cervical tissue. 187 Thiamin also appears to protect the colon. 188 Researchers at the University of Toronto<br />
suggest that typical Western diets providing marginal levels of thiamin with high levels of simple<br />
sugars expose people to an increased risk of colon problems.<br />
Trimethylglycine<br />
This nutrient plays an important role in the health of the cardiovascular system. Studies have indicated<br />
that along with folic acid, SAM (s-adenosylmethione) and vitamins B6 and B12, trimethylglycine helps<br />
reduce homocysteine levels. High homocysteine levels can be harmful to the cardiovascular system.<br />
Animal studies show that trimethylglycine may help protect against fatty deposits in the liver. A<br />
human study was conducted with close to 200 subjects who took either a supplement containing<br />
trimethylglycine and two other substances or a placebo. This study showed that those taking the<br />
trimethylglycine supplement experienced improved liver function, reduced fat in the liver and<br />
diminished abdominal soreness. This nutrient has also been shown to support brain function. 189<br />
Due to its astounding effect on heart and liver health, trimethylglycine has been included in the<br />
ultimate nutritional protocol - 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Uva ursi<br />
The herb uva ursi has historically been used to strengthen the heart and support the health of the<br />
spleen, liver, pancreas, small intestine, and prostate. 190 The active ingredient in uva ursi is called<br />
arbutin, which has been shown in a study to help kill certain types of bacteria in the urine. 191 It also<br />
works in conjunction with a substance called hydroquinone in the intestines to aid in the transport of<br />
water to the kidneys. Although no human studies have been published on the subject, uva ursi is<br />
thought to support the health of the urinary tract. 191,192,193<br />
Vitamin A<br />
Vitamin A is a family of fat-soluble vitamins which includes retinol, provitamin A carotenoids, and<br />
beta-carotene. These nutrients help maintain the surface lining of the eyes as well as the respiratory,<br />
urinary and intestinal tracts. 194 If any of these linings break down, bacteria can cause an infection.<br />
Vitamin A helps to maintain the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes that function as a barrier<br />
to bacteria and viruses. 195<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 19
In addition to its role in protecting the body from bacterial invasion, vitamin A also supports the<br />
immune system. It helps maintain the efficiency of white blood cells and lymphocytes, which are<br />
blood cells that fight infection. 195,196<br />
Vitamin B6<br />
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for your health. This vitamin plays a key role<br />
in red blood cell formation, and it helps increase the amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin. 197,198<br />
Vitamin B6 helps the nervous system and immune system function efficiently. 199 It also helps maintain<br />
normal blood glucose. When caloric intake is low it helps convert carbohydrates and other nutrients<br />
to glucose to maintain normal blood sugar levels. 200<br />
As part of a well balanced diet that is low in saturated fat and cholesterol, vitamin B6 functions with<br />
folic acid and vitamin B12 to help reduce the risk of vascular disease. However, the FDA has found<br />
that the evidence in support of the above claim is inconclusive. Studies have shown that vitamin B6<br />
can help lower homocysteine levels, which is thought to be associated with better heart health. 201<br />
Vitamin B6 deficiency can manifest in a form similar to iron deficiency and can occur in individuals<br />
with poor diets. This nutrient is needed by the red blood cells, immune system, lymphoid organs,<br />
thymus, spleen and lymph nodes which make white blood cells. 197,198,199<br />
Vitamin B12<br />
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, helps maintain healthy nerve cells and red blood cells. It is<br />
needed to make DNA, which is the genetic material in our cells. 202 B12 also supports the reduction of<br />
homocysteine levels, which has been associated with improved cardiovascular health.<br />
Several populations are at risk for B12 deficiency. The absorption of B12 may be compromised in<br />
some people with gastrointestinal disorders. Aging also decreases the amount of hydrochloric acid in<br />
the stomach, which is needed to help separate vitamin B12 from food. 203 Vegetarians, the elderly, and<br />
those with an alcohol dependency are especially at risk for a vitamin B12 deficiency. 204<br />
The Institute of Medicine recommends that adults over the age of 50 get vitamin B12 from a dietary<br />
supplement or fortified foods because of the high incidence of impaired absorption. 205 A vitamin B12<br />
deficiency may result in anemia, fatigue, weakness, depression, neurological changes, confusion and<br />
poor memory. 206,207,208<br />
Vitamin C<br />
Vitamin C - also known as ascorbic acid - is an essential micronutrient required for normal metabolic<br />
functioning of the body. This water-soluble vitamin is not stored in the body for a long time, and a<br />
deficiency will manifest symptoms within weeks. 209 It has been reported that approximately 25% of<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 20
men and women in the United States do not consume adequate levels of vitamin C and about 10% of<br />
adults consume less than half the recommended amount. 210<br />
Vitamin C plays many critical roles in the body. It is a cofactor for several enzymes involved in the<br />
biosynthesis of collagen, carnitine, and several neurotransmitters. 211<br />
Vitamin C supports the immune system as well as heart and eye health. It also supports collagen<br />
structure in bone and connective tissue, including the gums. Vitamin C plays a role in the conversion<br />
of dopamine to norepinephrine, which supports a positive and happy mood. Lack of vitamin C can<br />
often cause fatigue and mood changes. 212<br />
Vitamin C functions as an antioxidant that readily scavenges reactive oxygen and nitrogen species,<br />
such as superoxide and peroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and other free<br />
radicals. In addition to its direct role as an antioxidant, vitamin C can help regenerate vitamin E,<br />
glutathione, beta-carotene, and other antioxidants in the cell membrane and within the cell. 212<br />
Some scientific evidence suggests that consumption of antioxidant vitamins may reduce the risk<br />
of certain forms of cancer. However, the FDA does not endorse this claim because this evidence<br />
is limited and not conclusive.<br />
Vitamin D<br />
The major biologic function of vitamin D is to maintain normal blood levels of calcium and<br />
phosphorous. As part of this role, vitamin D aids in the absorption of calcium, which helps form and<br />
maintain strong bones. 213 Without vitamin D, the bones can become thin, soft, and brittle. 214 Rickets in<br />
214, 215<br />
children and osteomalacia in adults are skeletal diseases that are a result of vitamin D deficiency.<br />
Vitamin D deficiency occurs most often in post-menopausal women and older Americans. Research<br />
shows that a deficiency is associated with a greater incidence of hip fractures. 216 An increased vitamin<br />
D intake from diet and supplements has been associated with reduced bone loss in older women. 216<br />
Vitamin D may also help reduce the risk of osteoporotic fractures in elderly populations with low<br />
blood levels of vitamin D. 217<br />
To protect bone strength and support the absorption of calcium, <strong>RBC</strong> scientists have included 100%<br />
of the Daily Value for vitamin D in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Vitamin E<br />
Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists in eight different forms. Each form has its own biological<br />
activity, which is the measure of potency or functional use in the body. 218 Alpha-tocopherol is the most<br />
active form of vitamin E in humans, and it acts as a powerful biological antioxidant. 219,220 Some<br />
scientific evidence suggests that consumption of antioxidant vitamins may reduce the risk of certain<br />
forms of cancer. However, the FDA does not endorse this claim because this evidence is limited and<br />
not conclusive. Studies have shown that vitamin E supports heart health and the health of the eyes. 221<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 21
Whole Food Blend<br />
Hippocrates once urged us to let our food be our medicine, and now research proves the wisdom of<br />
that advice. Foods contain thousands of nutrients that can’t be duplicated in a supplement, but <strong>RBC</strong><br />
scientists have created a blend of whole foods that you can benefit from everyday in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong><br />
Essentials. This unique blend contains the foods that have most impressed researchers over the past<br />
decade including spirulina, aloe vera, blueberry, broccoli, spinach, raspberry, kale, cranberry and<br />
grape. By combining vitamins and minerals with whole food nutrition, you are receiving the best of<br />
both science and nature in one powerful product.<br />
Zinc<br />
Zinc is an essential mineral found in almost every cell of the body. 222 It supports a healthy immune<br />
system, plays a role in wound healing, helps maintain your sense of taste and smell, and supports DNA<br />
synthesis. 223,224,225 Zinc stimulates the activity of approximately 100 enzymes, which promote<br />
biochemical reactions in your body to accomplish energy functions and waste removal. They also<br />
repair cells and build substances necessary for cellular health. 226 Zinc also supports normal growth and<br />
227, 228<br />
development during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence.<br />
Almost as important as what a product contains is what it doesn’t contain. 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials<br />
contains no added sugar, wheat, gluten, corn or dairy products. It also contains no animal by-products.<br />
Each supplement in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials is encapsulated in pure vegetable capsules.<br />
<strong>Supplement</strong> <strong>Facts</strong><br />
Serving size: 1 Packet<br />
Servings per container: 90<br />
Per Packet Per Day (3 Packets)<br />
Amount Per Packet % Daily Value Amount Per Day % Daily Value<br />
Vitamin A (beta carotene)<br />
Vitamin C<br />
Vitamin D<br />
Vitamin E<br />
Thiamin<br />
Riboflavin<br />
Niacin<br />
Vitamin B6<br />
Folic Acid<br />
Vitamin B12<br />
Biotin<br />
Pantothenic Acid<br />
Calcium<br />
Iodine<br />
Magnesium<br />
Zinc<br />
Selenium<br />
Copper<br />
Manganese<br />
Chromium<br />
Molybdenum<br />
Potassium<br />
2,500 IU<br />
200 mg<br />
133 IU<br />
60 IU<br />
1.5 mg<br />
1.7 mg<br />
20 mg<br />
2 mg<br />
400 mcg<br />
6 mcg<br />
100 mcg<br />
10 mg<br />
110 mg<br />
17 mcg<br />
43 mg<br />
2 mg<br />
23 mcg<br />
.2 mg<br />
.2 mg<br />
13 mcg<br />
8 mcg<br />
47 mg<br />
50%<br />
333%<br />
33%<br />
200%<br />
100%<br />
100%<br />
100%<br />
100%<br />
100%<br />
100%<br />
33%<br />
100%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
33%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
11%<br />
1%<br />
7,500 IU<br />
600 mg<br />
400 IU<br />
180 IU<br />
4.5 mg<br />
5.1 mg<br />
60 mg<br />
6 mg<br />
1,200 mcg<br />
18 mcg<br />
300 mcg<br />
30 mg<br />
330 mg<br />
50 mcg<br />
130 mg<br />
5 mg<br />
70 mcg<br />
.7 mg<br />
.7 mg<br />
40 mcg<br />
25 mcg<br />
142 mg<br />
150%<br />
1,000%<br />
100%<br />
600%<br />
300%<br />
300%<br />
300%<br />
300%<br />
300%<br />
300%<br />
100%<br />
300%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
100%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
33%<br />
4%<br />
Whole Food Blend 575 mg † 1.725 g †<br />
Spirulina, aloe vera powder (leaf), blueberry, broccoli, cranberry, grape, kale, raspberry, spinach<br />
Carotene Complex 39 mg † 117 mg †<br />
Astaxanthin, lycopene, lutein, citrus bioflavonoids<br />
Herbal complex 30 mg † 90 mg †<br />
Asian ginseng (root), rhodiola (root), cayenne fruit powder, fo-ti (root), garlic (bulb), ginger (root), golden seal (root), hawthorn berry, papaya (leaf), red fennel (root), rose hips,<br />
sarsaparilla (root), uva ursi (leaf)<br />
NanoCluster Blend 40 mg † 120 mg †<br />
Potassium citrate, potassium carbonate, silica, purified water, magnesium sulfate, sunflower seed oil<br />
Choline 15 mg † 45 mg †<br />
Inositol 22.5 mg † 67.5 mg †<br />
Trimethlglycine 20 mg † 60 mg †<br />
† Daily value not established<br />
Other Ingredients: Rice flour, magnesium stearate, silica, hypromellose, water<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 22
The Healing Powers of Aloe Vera<br />
Three decades ago, <strong>RBC</strong>’s founder and CEO, Clinton Howard began hearing stories about a<br />
tropical plant called “aloe”, the juice of which had amazing benefits. It had been used by people<br />
in warm climates and by early physicians hundreds of years before Hippocrates included it in his<br />
medications. It was taken internally to improve digestion, or applied topically to soothe sunburn,<br />
cuts, scrapes, itches, insect bites, or to moisturize dry skin. It was listed among the medical<br />
supplies of explorers like Columbus, and warriors like Alexander The Great who grew his aloe on<br />
an Island near East Africa.<br />
Curious about it, he pointed to an aloe plant in a nursery<br />
and asked a sales clerk, “What is that plant?” She answered,<br />
“That is the medicine plant!” He asked a pharmacist for an<br />
aloe product, but was told there were none on the market.<br />
Now wait! This didn't add up -- Pharmaceutical companies<br />
spend billions searching for new drugs, and here is a known<br />
“medicine plant”. It was clear to this medical research<br />
pioneer that the benefits of aloe vera must be determined<br />
and made available to the public. Someone needed to<br />
conduct a scientific study of the chemistry, safety, and efficacy of aloe, have it approved, introduce it<br />
to the market, and make it available to those who need it.<br />
Clinton Howard decided to take aloe out of the realm of folk medicine. He founded Carrington<br />
Laboratories, built a research laboratory and recruited a team of five scientists who began the most<br />
comprehensive scientific study of aloe vera ever conducted. Four years and more than twenty million<br />
dollars later, they knew how to grow, process, and stabilize aloe. They demonstrated its safety and<br />
biological activity in humans and animals, and discovered its most active ingredients.<br />
They learned that the large thick aloe leaf has two useful parts:<br />
1) A yellow sap just beneath the skin that was used as a laxative, and<br />
2) the melon-like fillet that contains aloe gel used topically or cut<br />
into small portions and eaten as a health supplement. They began<br />
removing the skin by hand with a knife, and having no interest in the<br />
laxative effect, washed off all yellow sap to leave only a clean fillet.<br />
Secondly, this team of aloe researchers learned that aloe gel has<br />
many ingredients. The most active is a long chain sugar, or<br />
polysaccharide, that has incredible benefits for the immune system.<br />
They also learned that the aloe extract stimulates the reproduction of fibroblast cells by approximately<br />
300%. These are early-stage cells that form and repair connective tissue. The aloe gel was approved<br />
as a hydrogel applied to skin wounds. On the basis of its immune-system activity, the polysaccharide<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 23
extract was approved by the US government to treat fibro sarcoma tumors in small animals. It was<br />
also approved to enhance the immune response to virus vaccines for poultry. These uses led to<br />
professional products sold by Carrington through clinics, hospitals and veterinarians.<br />
Through this extensive research, the team discovered the most effective way to process gel from the<br />
aloe leaf to retain its fresh activity and to stabilize it as a product with a long shelf life. This process<br />
is still used at <strong>RBC</strong> to provide the highest quality aloe vera on the market. We do not use chemicals,<br />
filters, or thickening agents. At <strong>RBC</strong> we:<br />
1. Fillet the leaf by hand and remove the skin<br />
2. Wash away the outer yellow sap<br />
3. Grind the water colored filet to a pulpy liquid gel<br />
4. Stabilize it so that it will have a long shelf life<br />
Unlike others, we do not use the whole leaf process, which adulterates aloe gel with chemicals, yellow<br />
sap, and leaf fibers. This aloe must be filtered, removing long chain polysaccharides and therefore<br />
many of its benefits. We also avoid the addition of chemicals that break down polysaccharides.<br />
In the years that followed this pioneering research aloe became a popular product. After retiring from<br />
Carrington, Clinton Howard tested aloe products in stores and discovered that many contained only 5<br />
or 10% aloe. One of the most popular products on the market contains less than 1% aloe. Seeing a<br />
need to make higher quality aloe products available to the public, he founded Royal BodyCare in 1991<br />
and worked with Dr. Jerry Lee Phelps on the formulation of a new line of products including the aloe<br />
vera concentrate now found in 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials.<br />
Aloe vera is a workhorse, but it is not magic. Anyone desiring the benefits of this powerful plant must<br />
consume a high quality aloe gel and do so frequently. 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials includes aloe vera to<br />
enhance this complete nutritional protocol and give you the incredible benefits of aloe on a daily basis.<br />
Spirulina – Nature’s Perfect Food<br />
Nutrition experts agree that you need several servings of fruits and vegetables every day. Fresh<br />
produce not only contains vitamins and minerals, but it is also rich in compounds called<br />
phytonutrients, which are critical to vibrant health and disease prevention. The lack of these nutrients<br />
in the typical American diet is sadly evident because many age related conditions are now associated<br />
with improper nutrition. For the past fifty years, children have been feeding their brains, organs, and<br />
body fluids with processed foods that are high in sugar and hydrogenated fats with very few fruits or<br />
vegetables. The result has been an ever-increasing rate of obesity and diabetes in children.<br />
Twenty-five years ago, Dr. Christopher Hills searched throughout the world for a single food that<br />
would provide complete daily nutrition including the phytonutrients missing in our modern diet. He<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 24
discovered the perfect solution in spirulina, a species of photosynthetic plant-like<br />
vegetation that contained every desirable nutritional element needed for good health.<br />
It was a special form of blue green algae growing in tropical climates.<br />
In order to raise the highest quality spirulina, Dr. Hills developed a hydroponic<br />
farming system in carefully controlled fresh-water ponds. This method<br />
produces a pure strain of spirulina. It is harvested and dried into a powder<br />
without being processed, cooked, or preserved. In 1996 Dr. Hills chose <strong>RBC</strong><br />
to carry on his dream for the production and worldwide distribution of<br />
spirulina. His legacy still lives today in <strong>RBC</strong> spirulina products.<br />
Some of the many benefits of <strong>RBC</strong> spirulina include:<br />
Dr. Christopher Hills<br />
• It is approximately 70% highly digestible protein, with 18 essential and nonessential amino acids,<br />
92% NPU (Net Protein Utilization), and it is the only vegetarian source of vitamin B12.<br />
• It is one of the richest natural sources of vitamins, minerals, natural calcium, and enzymes.<br />
• It provides alpha and betacarotenes including lutein, astaxanthin and zeaxanthin (nutrients for the<br />
retina and macula of the eye). It contains other antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD)<br />
(1,700 units/g), and a newly recognized antioxidant called phycocyanin (1g/10g), which is the “blue”<br />
antioxidant that scavenges the most dangerous hydroxyl and alkyl free radicals.<br />
• It contains plant sterols to support balance in both men and women. They have shown antioxidant<br />
activity against damaging lipid peroxidation. These sitosterols preserve and protect DNA and cell<br />
replication.<br />
• It is high in DNA and RNA with important purines and pyrimidines for cell regeneration.<br />
• It contains inositol and the whole range of essential and non-essential fatty acids, including gamma<br />
linolenic and linoleic acid, which are precursors for the master hormones called prostaglandins, and<br />
they are essential to healthy membranes throughout the body.<br />
• It contains factors that support healthy red blood cells.<br />
• It's a natural food source of vitamin K, which appears to help<br />
repair and minimize scar tissue in skin.<br />
• Its unique phytochemicals and other nutrients strengthen the<br />
immune system. It also contains water-soluble polysaccharides<br />
that in animal and cell studies, have been shown to increase<br />
antibody response, cytokines, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and<br />
tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).<br />
• It contains sulfolipids, which cross the blood brain barrier<br />
helping to protect the structure and function of brain cells.<br />
• It is an excellent addition to any weight loss program because it is high in protein, low in<br />
carbohydrates, and low in calories. It gives a sense of fullness because it is a protein rich food that<br />
increases energy while dieting.<br />
With 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials, you can benefit from the power of spirulina every day. Each day, nearly 1<br />
gram of spirulina and all its life giving phytonutrients will feed and nourish your cells. Spirulina is one<br />
of the many reasons why 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials is the ultimate nutritional foundation for your health.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 25
What Are Antioxidants and<br />
Why Does The Body Need Them?<br />
Antioxidants are nutrients that act as powerful cell protectors. Oxygen, although essential for life, can<br />
create damaging by-products during normal cellular metabolism. Antioxidants counteract these<br />
cellular by-products, called free radicals, and bind with them before they can cause damage. If left<br />
unchecked, free radicals may cause heart damage, cancer, cataracts, and a weak immune system.<br />
The process of oxidation is necessary, but it leaves behind<br />
oxidized molecules that are now missing electrons. They are<br />
electron deficient and therefore unstable and agitated. These<br />
oxidized molecules, or free radicals, remain unstable until they<br />
can capture new electrons to replace the ones they lost. Like a<br />
gang of thieves they roam through your body stealing electrons<br />
from even your most vital cells, including your electron-rich<br />
DNA. They can be damaging to any and all areas of your body.<br />
When free radicals pull electrons out of DNA, your DNA can<br />
no longer function properly. DNA is the storehouse of your<br />
genetic information. It controls the reproduction of each new<br />
cell including cells of the brain, heart, organs and other tissues<br />
critical to your health. When free radicals cause oxidative stress<br />
and abnormal reproduction of cells they may contribute to<br />
more than sixty health problems including:<br />
• increased aging of bones, organs, and skin<br />
• new cell mutation<br />
• enzyme malfunction<br />
• damage to heart and blood vessels<br />
• damage to the nervous system and brain cells<br />
• damage to vision<br />
Strenuous physical activity increases your metabolic activity<br />
and therefore increases your production of free radicals. Other<br />
factors that tend to increase free radicals include industrial<br />
chemicals in water, air, food and beverages, recurring anxieties, depression, and mental stress.<br />
The best way to protect your body from free radical damage is to eat foods high in antioxidants and<br />
take antioxidant supplements. These nutrients easily give up electrons to satisfy the electron<br />
deficiency of “hungry” free radicals and thereby protect your cells from oxidative damage.<br />
Antioxidants work by either binding to the free radicals, transforming them into non-damaging<br />
compounds, or repairing cellular damage.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 26
Nature provides a number of antioxidants, including vitamin C, vitamin E, the carotenoids, and<br />
selenium. Your body also produces antioxidants, and many are available in supplemental form. While<br />
fresh fruits and vegetables contain antioxidants, soil depletion and modern processing techniques have<br />
taken a toll on the electron supply of our foods. Cooking, preserving, and packaging all cause foods to<br />
lose electrons. To ensure protection, it is vital to include reliable antioxidant supplements in any regimen.<br />
Thousands of clinical studies of peer-reviewed papers in medical journals have proven the extreme<br />
importance of antioxidants for health and well-being. Every day our modern life style creates<br />
increased levels of oxidized free radicals in our bodies - more industrial chemicals, more preserved<br />
fast foods high in fat and sugar, more air and water pollution, and more stress. Raw fruits and<br />
vegetables are often unavailable and do not provide all the protection we need.<br />
Top scientists say that these high levels of free radicals are one of the principal causes of our most<br />
dangerous diseases including coronary heart disease and cancer. Studies have shown that while<br />
antioxidants in fresh fruits and vegetables do help combat free radicals, broad-spectrum antioxidant<br />
supplements are necessary to adequately reduce their constant damage.<br />
<strong>RBC</strong> Scientists have added potent amounts of critical antioxidants to 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials. Vitamin<br />
C, vitamin E, beta-carotene and selenium combine with a natural blend of whole food antioxidants<br />
and carotenoids to give you powerful daily protection from free radical damage.<br />
The Power of Nanotechnology,<br />
NanoClusters and NanoCeuticals<br />
An exciting field of science called nanotechnology has recently developed. It has the potential to<br />
change the way we live in countless ways. Thanks to <strong>RBC</strong>, it is already changing the world of<br />
nutritional supplements.<br />
“Nano” refers to the term “nanometer”, meaning 1 billionth of a meter. A nanometer is so small that<br />
100,000 would equal the size of a single grain of sand. It would require 50,000 nanometers in a single<br />
line to equal the width of one human hair. A DNA molecule is 2.5 nanometers wide. Nanotechnology<br />
is the manufacture, manipulation, or study of nanosize materials.<br />
You can predict the results of actions on wood or steel, but with the extremely small nanoscale<br />
materials, the laws of physics and chemistry change. They act differently and may dramatically change<br />
in the presence of light, dark, pressure, heat, cold or other conditions. Nanosize particles are so small<br />
they can be made to interact with the fundamental building blocks of matter and life.<br />
Nanotechnology will create all types of new materials from metal structures to fabrics, providing<br />
benefits that can only be imagined at this time. We do know that one of the major applications of<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 27
nanotechnology will be in healthcare. One such use, now under study, indicates that nanoparticles will<br />
be able to deliver drugs to specific diseased tissues, such as cancer tumors. The National Science<br />
Foundation predicts that the market for nanotech products will exceed one trillion dollars annually by<br />
2015. <strong>RBC</strong> is a pioneer in the utilization of nanotechnology in nutritional science with its creation of<br />
the NanoCluster .<br />
What is a NanoCluster?<br />
NanoClusters are molecular and ionic geometric<br />
structures that range in shape from pyramidal, cubical,<br />
hexagonal to spherical, and in sizes from ~3 nanometers<br />
to ~100 nanometers. <strong>RBC</strong> manufactures and processes<br />
NanoClusters. They are designed to combine with<br />
nutrients and help separate nutritional particles, reducing<br />
the size of particle aggregation. They disassociate at<br />
prescribed pH shifts (biological or environmental) to<br />
release the enclosed or attached nutrient molecules into<br />
the digestive tract. As the particle size is reduced, the surface area is increased geometrically and the<br />
amount of absorption increases proportionately. These increases enhance the ability of NanoClusters<br />
to transport other nutrient molecules, including water.<br />
NanoClusters are a crucial component of 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials. These minute particles optimize<br />
conditions for the absorption and assimilation of the many nutrients found in this unique product.<br />
What is a NanoCeutical ?<br />
NanoCeuticals are the nutritional supplements formulated by <strong>RBC</strong>’s proprietary process that reduces<br />
the size of nutrients and combines them with NanoClusters. The resulting NanoCeutical provides an<br />
enhanced environment for biological acceptance and utilization of specific nutrients. Aggregates of<br />
NanoCeutical particles readily return to nanosize clusters when in contact with moisture and<br />
biological pH shifts.<br />
The most powerful NanoCeutical product on the market is the new 24Seven <strong>Life</strong> Essentials dietary<br />
supplement, providing vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients enhanced with NanoClusters. This<br />
complete nutritional protocol is backed by 25 years of research, four prominent health scientists, and<br />
the integrity of a company that has always provided quality, cutting-edge nutritional products. It is<br />
absolutely the best foundation for everyone seeking optimum health and wellness.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 28
References<br />
1. Fletcher RH, Fairfield KM.Vitamins for Chronic Disease Prevention in Adults Clinical Applications. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2002; 287; 23,3127-3129.<br />
2. Dr. Charles Northern. Senate Documents 74th Congress, 2d Session, 1938.<br />
3. Picard,Andre. Public Health Reporter; With a report from Avis Favaro, CTV News Saturday, July 6, 2002-Print Edition, Page A1.<br />
4. Wendland BE, Greenwood CE, Weinberg I,Young KW. Malnutrition in institutionalized seniors: the iatrogenic component. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2003, 51; 1; 85-90.<br />
5.Andrea Rocks, BodyWise.A Dose of Reality, 2004, June;135-137.<br />
6. Davis RH, Leitner MG, Russo JM, Byrne ME. Wound Healing. Oral and topical activity of Aloe vera. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc, 1989, 79;11;559-62.<br />
7.Tizard, IA, Carpenter RH., et al.The biological activities of mannans and related complex carbohydrates. Mol Biother, 1989;1;6; 290-296.<br />
8. International Aloe Vera Science Counsel, compositional analyses of aloe vera.<br />
9. Robinson, Malcolm. Medical Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease for the 21st Century. Eur J Surg 1998, 164; 90-98.<br />
10. Robinson M, Reich C, Lashner B, et al. Evaluation of Oral Acemannan in Active Ulcerative Colitis.Am J Gastroenterol, 1994,89 A1697.<br />
11. Bland, Jeffrey. Effect of Orally Consumed Aloe Vera Juice on Gastrointestinal Function in Normal Humans. Preventive Medicine, March/April 1985.<br />
12.Agarwal O P. Prevention of Atheromatous Heart Disease.Angiology, 1985,36:8, 485-492.<br />
13.Chithra P, Sajithlal GB, Chandrakasan G. Influence of Aloe vera on Collagen Characteristics in Healing Dermal Wounds in Rats. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 1998<br />
Apr;181 (1-2);71-76.<br />
14.Vinson, J,Al Kharrat H,Andreoli. Effect of Aloe vera preparations on the human bioavailability of vitamins C and E. Department of Chemistry 2001, University of Scranton,<br />
Scranton PA.<br />
15. Polozza O and Krinsky NI.Astazanthin and canthaxanthin are potent antioxidants in a membrane model.Arch Biochem Biophys, 297:291-295.<br />
16. Kurashige M, Okimasu E, Inoue M and Utsumi K. Inhibition of oxidative injury of biological membranes by astaxanthin. Physiol Chem & Med, 1990, NMR 22;27-38.<br />
17. Miki W. Biological functions and activities of animal carotenoids. Pure Appl Chem, 1991;63;1;141-146.<br />
18. Lawlor SM, O’Brien NM.Astaxanthin: antioxidant effects in chicken embryo fibroblasts. Nutr. Res, 1995, 15: 1695-1704.<br />
19. McMahon RJ. Biotin in metabolism and molecular biology.Annu Rev Nutr, 2002;22;221-39.<br />
20.Maurice E. Shils and Vernon Young. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 7th Ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia 1988.<br />
21. Kenneth Anderson, Lois Anderson and Walter Glanze, Editors. Mosby’s Medical Dictionary. 5th Ed. Mosby Year Book, Inc.1998.<br />
22. Mock DM, Henrich CL, Carnell N, Mock NI. Indicators of marginal biotin deficiency and repletion in humans: validation of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid excretion and a leucine<br />
challenge.Am J Clin Nutr, 2002, 76;5;1061-8.<br />
23. Joseph JA, Denisova N, Fisher D, Shukitt-Hale B, Bickford P, Prior R, Cao G. Membrane and receptor modification of oxidative stress vulnerability in aging. Nutritional<br />
considerations.Ann NY Acad Sci, 1998;854;268-76.<br />
24. Joseph JA, Shukitt-Hale B, Denisova NA, Bielinski D, Martin A, McEwen JJ, Bickford PC. Reversals of age-related declines in neuronal signal transduction, cognitive, and<br />
motor behavioral deficits with blueberry, spinach, or strawberry dietary supplementation. J Neurosci, 1999;19;18;:8114-21.<br />
25. Joseph JA, Denisova NA,Arendash G, Gordon M, Diamond D, Shukitt-Hale B, Morgan D. Blueberry supplementation enhances signaling and prevents behavioral deficits in an<br />
Alzheimer disease model. Nutr Neurosci, 2003;6;3;153-62.<br />
26. Faulkner K, Mithen R, Williamson G. Selective increase of the potential anticarcinogen 4-methylsulphinylbutyl glucosinate in broccoli. Carcinogenesis, 1998;19;4;605-9.<br />
27. Zhang Y, Callaway EC. High cellular accumulation of sulphoraphane, a dietary anticarcinogen, is followed by rapid transporter-mediated export as a glutathione conjugate.<br />
Biochem J, 2002;15;364 (Pt1);301-7.<br />
28. Zhang J, Hsu BA JC, Kinseth BA MA, Bjeldanes LF, Rirestone GL. Indole-3-carbinol induces a G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibits prostate-specific antigen production in human<br />
LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells. Cancer, 2003,98;11;2511-20.<br />
29. Shils ME,Young VR. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 7th Ed. Lea and Fibeger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988.<br />
30. Hobai IA, Maack C, O’Rourke B. Partial inhibition of sodium/calcium exchange resotores cellular calcium handling in canine heart failure. Circ Res, 2004, Jun 21. in print.<br />
31.Goltzman D, Miao D, Panda DK, Hendy GN. Effects of calcium and of the vitamin D system on skeletal and calcium homeostasis: lessons from genetic models. J Steroida<br />
biochem Mol Biol, 2004,89-90;485-9.<br />
32. Winters-stone KM, snow CM. One year of oral calcium supplementation maintains cortical bone density in young adult female distance runners. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab,<br />
2004;14;1;7-17.<br />
33. Larsen ER, Mosekilde L, Foldspang A.Vitamin D and calcium supplementation prevents osteoporotic fractures in elderly community dwelling residents: a pragmatic populationbased<br />
3 year intervention study. J Bone Miner Res, 2004;19;3;370-8.<br />
34. Cifuentes M, Riedt CS, Brolin RE, et al. Weight loss and calcium intake influence calcium absorption in overweight postmenopausal women.Am J Clin Nutr, 2004,80;1;123-30.<br />
35. Wallace K, baron JA, Cole BF, Sandler RS et al. Effect of calcium supplementation on the risk of large bowel polyps. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2004, 96;12;893-4.<br />
36. Domrongkithcairporn S, Sopassathit W, et al. Schedule of taking calcium supplement and the risk of nephrolithiasis. Kidney Int, 2004, 65;5;1835-41.<br />
37.Maoka T, Fujiwara Y, Hashimoto K,Akimoto N. Isolation of a series of apocarotenoids from the fruits of the red paprika Capsicum annuum L. J Agric Food Chemistry,<br />
2001;49;3;1601-6.<br />
38.Simon, J.E.,A.F. Chadwick and L.E. Craker. 1984. Herbs:An Indexed Bibliography. 1971-1980.The Scientific Literature on Selected Herbs, and Aromatic and Medicinal Plants<br />
of the Temperate Zone.Archon Books, 770 pp., Hamden, CT.<br />
39.Ames B. N. Shigenaga MK and Hagen TM. Oxidants, antioxidants and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc. Natl Acad Sci. USA, 1993;90;17;7915-7922.<br />
40. Halliwell B. Oxidative stress, nutrition, and health. Experimental strategies for optimization of nutritional antioxidant intake in humans. Free Radic Res, 1996, 25;1;57-74.<br />
41. Dietary references Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin,Vitamin B6, folate,Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline:A report of the Standing Committee on the<br />
Scientific Evaluation of Dietary References Intakes and its Panel of Folate, other B vitamins, and Choline and Subcommittee on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients, Food and<br />
Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. 1998.<br />
42. Blusztajn, JK, Choline a vital amine. Science, 1998, 182;794-795.<br />
43. Buchman AL,Ament ME, Sohel M, et al. Choline deficiency causes reversible hepatic abnormalities in patients receiving parenteral nutrition: proof of a human choline<br />
requirement: a placebo-controlled trial. Journal Parenteral Enteral Nutrition, 2001;25;5;260-8.<br />
44.Buchman AL. et al.Verbal and visual memory improve after choline supplementation in long-term total parenteral nutrition:A pilot study. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral<br />
Nutrition, 2001,25;30.<br />
45. Galdzicki Z, Fujuyama R Wadhani KC, et al. beta-Amyloid increases choline conductance of PA12 cells: possible mechanism of toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res,<br />
1994,646;2;332-6.<br />
46.Yang,Y, Blusztajn JK. Protective effects of prenatal choline supplementation of seizure-induced memory impairment. Journal of Neuroscience, 20:RC109 (1-6).<br />
47. Shils, Maurice,Young Vernon. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 7th Ed. Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988<br />
48.Cornish KM, Williamson G, Sanderson J. W. Quercetin metabolism in the lens: role in inhibition of hydrogen peroxide induced cataract. Free Radic Biol Med, 2002;33;1;63-70.<br />
49. Gerster, H.Antioxidant vitamins in cataract prevention Z. Ernahrungswiss, 1989, 28;56-75.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 29
50. Lyle BJ, Marel-Perlman JA, Klein BE, Klein R, Greger JL.Antioxidant intake and risk of incident age-related nuclear cataracts in the Beaver Dam Eye Study.Am J Epidemiol,<br />
149:801-809.<br />
51. Gerster H.Antioxidant protection of the aging macula.Age Ageing, 1991 20;60-69.<br />
52.Areias FM, Rego AC, Oliveira CR, Seabra RM.Antioxidant effect of flavonoids after ascorbate/Fe(2+)-induced oxidative stress in cultured retinal cells. Biochem Pharmacol,<br />
2001;62;1;111-8.<br />
53. Percival SS. Neutropenia caused by copper deficiency: possible mechanisms of action. Nutr Rev 1995;53;3;59-66.<br />
54. Lominadez D, Saari JT, Percival SS Schuschke DA. Proinflammatory effects of copper deficiency on neutrophils and lung endothelial cells. Immunol Cell Biol, 2004;82;3;231-8.<br />
55. Kumar N, Crum B, Peterson RC,Vernino SA,Ahlskog JE. Copper deficiency myelopathy.Arch Neurol, 2004;61;5;762-6.<br />
56. Narayanan BA, Geoffrey O, Willingham MC, ReGG, Nixon EW. P53/p21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression and its possible role in G1 arrest and apoptosis in ellagic acid treated cancer<br />
cells. Cancer Lett, 1999;136;215-221.<br />
57. Stoner GD, Morse MA. Isothiocyanates and plant polyphenols as inhibitors of lung and esophageal cancer. Cancer Lett, 1999;114:113-119.<br />
58.American Cancer Society www.cancer.org<br />
59.Thresiamma KC, George J, Kuttan R. Protective effect of curcumin, ellagic acid, and bixin on radiation induced genotoxicity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 1998;17:431-434.<br />
60. Fetrow CW,Avila JR. Professional’s Handbook of Complimentary and Alternative Medicines. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse Corp: 1999.<br />
61. Herbert V. Folic Acid. In: Shils, Olson J, Shike M, Ross AC, ed. Nutrition in Health and Disease. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999.<br />
62. Zittoun J.Anemias due to disorder of folate, vitamin B12 and transcobalamin metabolism. Rev Prat, 1993,43;1358-63.<br />
63. Fairfield KM, Fletcher RH.Vitamins for Chronic Disease Prevention in Adults, Scientific Review JAMA 2002, 287,23;3116-3126.<br />
64. Foster S,Yue CX. Herbal Emissaries: Bringing Chinese Herbs to the West. Rochester,VT: Healing Arts Press, 1992, 79-85.<br />
65. Foster S. Herbal Renaissance. Layton, Utah: Gibbs-Smith Publisher, 1993, 40-1.<br />
66. Foster S.Yue CX. Herbal Emissaries: Bringing Chinese Herbs to the West. Rochester,VT: Healing Arts Press, 1992, 79-85.<br />
67. Bone K. Clinical Applications of Ayurvedic and Chinese Herbs. Warwick,Australia: Phytotherapy Press, 1996, 49-51.<br />
68. Lai PK, Roy J.Antimicrobial and chemopreventive properties of herbs and spices. Curr Med Chem 2004; 11;11;1451-60.<br />
69. Kim JW, Kim YS, Kyung KH. Inhibitory activity of essential oils of garlic and onion against bacteria and yeasts. J Food Prot, 2004;67;3;499-504.<br />
70. Durak I, Kavautcu M,Aytac B,Avic A, et al . Effects of garlic extract consumption on blood lipid and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in humans with high blood cholesterol. J<br />
Nutr Biochem 2004; 15:6: 373-7.<br />
71. Pedraza-Cheverri J, Maldonado PD, Barrera D. et al. Protective effect of diallyl sulfide on oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. Mol Cell Biochem<br />
72. Lee EH, Cho SY, Kim SJ, Shin ES et al. Ginsenoside F1 protects human HaCaT keratinocytes from ultraviolet-B-induced apoptosis by maintaining constant levels of Bcl-2. J<br />
Invest Dermatol 2003;121;3;607-13.<br />
73.Yokozawa T, Satoh A, Cho EJ. Ginsenoside-Rd attenuates oxidative damage related to aging in senescence-accelerated mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2004;56;1;107-13.<br />
74. Jeong TC, Kim HJ, Park JI, Ha CS. Protective effects of red ginseng saponins against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Planta Med. 1997<br />
63;2;136-40.<br />
75.Van Kampen J, Robertson H, Hagg T, Drobitch R. Neuroprotective actions of the ginseng extract GII5 in two rodient models of Parkinson’s disease. Exp Neurol<br />
2003;184;1;521-9.<br />
76. Sievenpiper JL,Arnason JT, Leiter LA,Vuksan V. Decreasing, null and increasing effects of eight popular types of ginseng on acute postprandial glycemic indices in health<br />
humans: the role of ginsenosides. J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23;3;248-58<br />
77. Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. Ginseng: potential for the enhancement of cognitive performance and mood. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2003; 75;3;687-700.<br />
78. Rehman J, Dillow JM, Carter, Chou J, Le B, Maisel AS. Increased production of antigen-specific immunoglobulins G and M following in vivo treatment with the medicinal<br />
plants Echinacea angustofolia and Hydrastis Canadensis. Immunol Lett 1999, 68;2-3;391-5.<br />
79. Mahady GB, Pendland SL, Stoia A, Chadwick LR. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to isoquinoline alkaloids from Sanguinaria Canadensis and Hydrastis<br />
Canadensis. Phytother Res 2003, 17;3;217-21.<br />
80. Kulkarni SK, Dandiya PC,Varandani NL. Pharmacological Investigation of Berberine Sulphate, Jpn J Pharmacol 1972;22;11-16.<br />
81.Sabir, M Akhter MH, Bhide NK. Further studies on the Pharmacology of Berberine. Indian J Physiol. Pharmacol. 22;1;9-23.<br />
82. Nakamura Y,Tonogai Y. Metabolism of grape seed polyphenol in the rat. J Agic Food Chem 2003;51;24;721-25.<br />
83.Vigna GB, Costantin F,Aldini G et al. Effect of a standardized grape seed extract on low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation in heavy smokers. Metabolism<br />
2003,52;10;1250-7.<br />
84. Park YK, Park E, Kim JS, Kang MH. Daily grape juice consumption reduces oxidative DNA damage and plasma free radical levels in healthy Koreans. Mutat Res 2003;529;1-<br />
2;77-86.<br />
85. Cal C, Garban H, Jazirehi A,Yeh C, Mizutani Y, Bonavida B. Resveratrol and cancer: chemoprevention, apoptosis, and chemoimmumosensitizing activities. Curr Med Chem<br />
Anti-Cancer Agents 2003, 3,2,77-93.<br />
86. Martin AR.Villegas I, La Casa C, de la Lastra CA. Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes, suppresses oxidative damage and stimulates apoptosis during early colonic<br />
inflammation in rats. Biochem Pharmacol 2004,67;7;1399-410.<br />
87. Inoue H, Jiang XF, Katayama T, Osada S, Unesono K, Namura S. Brain protection by resveratrol and fenofibrate against stroke requires peroxisome proliferator-activated<br />
receptor alpha in mice. Neurosci Lett 2003, 352;3;203-6.<br />
88. Berry and Hardy, Lancet, 1984.<br />
89. Sherrod, Hosp Pract. 1967.<br />
90. Goodman and Gillman, Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 1970.<br />
91. Ferris CD, Donath C et al. Inosotol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Receptors: Distinct Neuronal and Nonneuronal Forms Derived by Alternative Splicing Differ in Phosphorylation.<br />
92.Brailoiu E, Miyamoto MD, Dun NJ. Inositol derivatives modulate spontaneous transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction. Neuropharmacology 2003, 5;5;691-701.<br />
93.Fisher SK, Novak JE,Agranoff BW. Inositol and higher inositol phosphates in neural tissues: homeostasis, metabolism, and functional significance. J Neurochem. 2002,<br />
82;736-54.<br />
94. Coppey LJ, Gellett JS, Davidson EP, Dunlap JA,Yorek MA. Effect of treating streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with sorbinil, myoinositol or aminoguanidene on endoneurial<br />
blood flow, moter nerve conduction velocity and vascular function of epineurial arterioles of the sciatic nerve. Int J Exp Diabetes Res 2002;3;1;21-36.<br />
95.The American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org).<br />
96. Lester Packer M.D. and Carol Colman.The Antioxidant Miracle,Your Complete Plan for Total Health and Healing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York 1999.<br />
97. Zhang Y, Callaway EC. High cellular accumulation of sulphoraphane, a dietary anticarcinogen, is followed by rapid transporter-mediated export as a glutathione conjugate.<br />
Biochem J, 2002;15;364 (Pt1);301-7.<br />
98. Zhang J, Hsu BA JC, Kinseth BA MA, Bjeldanes LF, Rirestone GL. Indole-3-carbinol induces a G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibits prostate-specific antigen production in human<br />
LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells. Cancer 2003,98;11;2511-20.<br />
99. Jaques PF.The potential preventive effects of vitamins for cataract and age related macular degeneration. Int. J Vitam Nutr Res, 1999, 69;198-205.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 30
100. Seddon, JM,Ajani UA, Sperduto R, Hiller N, Blair N, Burton MD. Farber ES et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E and advanced age-related macular degeneration. J.<br />
Am. Med Assoc, 1994, 272;1413-1420.<br />
101. Bone RA, Landrum JT and Joa H, Kilburn MD, Moore LL, Sprague KE.A one year study of the macular pigment: the effect of 140 days of a lutein supplement. Exp Eye Res,<br />
1997, 65;57-62.<br />
102. Landrum JT, Bone RA, Moore LL, Gomez C.M.Analysis of zeaxanthin distribution within individual human retinas. Meth. Enzymology, 1999, 299;457-467.<br />
103.Nahum A, Hirsch K, Danilenko M, et al. Lycopene inhibition of cell cycle progression in breast and endometrial cancer cells is associated with reduction in cyclin D levels and<br />
retention of p27(Kip1) in the cyclin E-cdk2 complexes. Oncogene. 2001;20(26):3428-3436.<br />
104.Giovannucci, E., et al. 1995. Intake of carotenoids and retinol in relation to risk of prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 87:1767.<br />
105.Pastori M, Pfander H, Boscoboinik D,Azzi A. Lycopene in association with alpha-tocopherol inhibits at physiological concentrations proliferation of prostate carcinoma cells.<br />
Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1998;250; 3; 582-585. 106.Kapitanov,A.B., et al. 1994. Radioprotective properties of lycopene (English translation available from Polyglot<br />
International). Radiatsionnaya Biologiya, Radioekologiya 34 (No. 3):439.<br />
107.Levy, J., et al. 1995. Lycopene is a more potent inhibitor of human cancer cell proliferation than either alpha-carotene or beta-carotene. Nutrition and Cancer 24 (No. 3):259.<br />
108.Raloff, J. 1996.Antioxidants: Confirming a heart-y role. Science News 150(July 6):6.<br />
109.Rissanen TH,Voutilainen S, Nyyssonen K, Salonen R, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT. Serum lycopene concentrations and carotid atherosclerosis: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart<br />
Disease Risk Factor Study.Am J Clin Nutr 2003;77;1;133-8.<br />
110.Gupta SK,Trivedi D, Srivastava S, Joshi S, Halder N,Verma SD. Lycopene attenuates oxidative stress induced experimental cataract development: an in vitro and in vivo study.<br />
Nutrition 2003;19;9794-9.<br />
111. Shils, Maurice,Young Vernon. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.7th Ed. Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988<br />
112. Lehninger, Nelson and Cox. Principles of Biochemistry 2nd edition. Bioenergetics and Metabolism. 1993, Worth Publishers, New York, NY.<br />
113. James A. Balch M.D. and Phyllis A. Balch, C.N.C. Prescription for Nutritional Healing 2nd Ed.A Practical A-Z Reference to Drug Free Remedies Using Vitamins, Minerals,<br />
Herbs & Food <strong>Supplement</strong>s.Avery Publishing Group, Garden City Park, New York, 1997.<br />
114. Maier JA, Malpuech-Brugere C, Zimowska W, Rayssiguier Y, Mazur A. Low magnesium promotes endothelial cell dysfunction: implications for atherosclerosis, inflammation<br />
and thrombosis. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004, 1689;1;13-21.<br />
115.Lancaster KJ, Smiciklas-Wright H, Weitzl LB, Mitchell DC, Friedman JM, Jensen GL. Hypertension-related dietary patterns of rural older adults. Prev Med 2004,38;6:812-8.<br />
116. Guo H, Cheng J, Lee JD, Ueda T, Shan J, Wang J. Relationship between the Degree of Intracellular Magnesium Deficiency and the Frequency of Chest Pain in women with<br />
Variant Angina. Herz. 2004;29;3;299-303.<br />
117.Adrian M, Laurant P, Berthelot A. Effect of magnesium on mechanical properties of pressurized mesenteric small arteries from old and adult rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol<br />
2004;31;5-6;306-13.<br />
118. Stendig-Lindberg G, Koeller W, Bauer A, rob PM. Experimentally induced prolonged magnesium deficiency causes osteoporosis in the rat. Eur J Intern Med 2004, 15;2;97-107.<br />
119. Lee JS, Han YM,Yoo do S, Choi SJ, et al.A molecular basis for the efficacy of magnesium treatment following traumatic brain injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 2004;21;5;549-61.<br />
120. Shils, Maurice,Young Vernon. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.7th Ed. Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988.<br />
121. Shils, Maurice,Young Vernon. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.7th Ed. Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988<br />
122. Keller, WD. Drinking water:A geochemical factor in human health. Geological Society of America bulletin, 1978,89;334-336.<br />
123. Keller WD., Feder GL. Chemical analysis of water used in Hunza Pakistan. In Hemphill D.D. (ed):“Trace Substances in Environmental Health-XIII, Proceedings.”University<br />
of Missouri-columbia:130-137, 1997.<br />
124. Leaf A. Getting Old. Scientific American 229:44-52,1973.<br />
125.Murray MJ, Murray AB. Diet and Cardiovascular Disease in Centenarians of Hunza.Arteriosclerosis 5:546a, 1984.<br />
126. Dove PM, Rimstidt JD. Silica-water interactions. In Heany PJ, Prewitt CT, Gibbs GV (eds): Silica, Physical Behavior, Geochemistry, and Materials Application Reviews in<br />
Minerology 29: 259-301, 1994.<br />
127. Maurice Shils and Vernon Young. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 7th Ed. Lea and Febiger, 1988.<br />
128. Malik S, Kashyap Ml. Niacin, lipids, and heart disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2003; 5;6;470-6.<br />
129. McKinney J. New perspectives on the use of niacin in the treatment of lipid disorders.Arch Intern Med 2004, 164;7;697-705.<br />
130. Ito MK.The metabolic syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical relevance, and use of niacin.Ann Pharmacother 2004;38;2;277-85.<br />
131. Shils ME,Young VR. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease, 7th Ed. Lea and Fibeger, Philadelphia, PA. 1988. 132. Leung LH. Systemic lupus erythematosus: a combined<br />
deficiency disease. Med Hypothesis 2004;62;6;922-4.<br />
133.Irwig MS, El-Sohemy A, Baylin A, Rifai N, Campos H. Frequent intake of tropical fruits that are rich in beta-crytoxanthin is associated with higher plasma beta-cryptoxanthin<br />
concentrations in Costa Rican adolescents. J Nutr 2002,132;10;3161-7.<br />
134.Aruoma OI, Moncaster JA, Walsh DT, et al.The antioxidant cocktail, effective microorganism X (EM-X), protects retinal neurons in rats against N-methyl-D-aspartate<br />
excitotoxicity in vivo.<br />
135.Rajkapoor b, Jayakar B, Kavimani S Murugesh N. Effect of dried fruits of Carica papaya Linn on Hepatotoxicity. Biol Pharm Bull 2002,25,12;1645-6.<br />
136.Nkuo-Akenji T, Ndip R, McThomas A, Fru EC.Anti-Salmonella activity of medicinal plants from Cameroon. Cen Afr J Med. 2001, 47;6;155-8.<br />
137. Salleh MN, Runnie I, Roach PD, Mohamed S,Abeywardena MY. Inhibition of low-density lipoprotein oxidation and up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor in<br />
HepG2 cells by tropical plant extracts. J Agric Food Chem 2002;19;50;3693-7.<br />
138.Stoner GD, Morse MA. Isothiocyanates and plant polyphenols as inhibitors of lung and esophageal cancer. Cancer Lett 1999;114:113-119.<br />
139.American Cancer Society www.cancer.org<br />
140.Narayanan BA, Geoffrey O, Willingham MC, ReGG, Nixon EW. P53/p21 (WAF1/CIP1) expression and its possible role in G1 arrest and apoptosis in ellagic acid treated<br />
cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 1999;136;215-221. 141.Thresiamma KC, George J, Kuttan R. Protective effect of curcumin, ellagic acid, and bixin on radiation induced genotoxicity.<br />
J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 1998;17:431-434. 5.Fetrow CW,Avila JR. Professional’s Handbook of Complimentary and Alternative Medicines. Springhouse, PA: Springhouse<br />
Corp:1999.<br />
142. James F. Balch M.D, Phyllis A. Balch CN.C. Prescription for Nutritional Healing 2nd Ed. 1997,Avery Publishing Group Garden City Park, New York.<br />
143. Saratikov AS, Krasnov EA. Rhodiola rosea-medicinal plant (Golden root).Tomsk State University Press, 1987.<br />
144. Shils ME,Young V. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease 7th Ed, 1988. Lea and Fibiger, Philadelphia PA.<br />
145. Folkers K, Ellis J. Successful therapy with vitamin B6 and vitamin B2 of the carpal tunnel syndrome and need for determination of the RDA’s for vitamins B6 and B2 for<br />
disease states.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;585:295-301.<br />
146.Takami Y, Gong H,Amemiya T. Riboflavin deficiency induces ocular surface damage. Ophthalmic Res 2004;36;3;156-65.<br />
147. Prasad R, Lakshmi AV, Bamji MS. Impaired collagen maturity in vitamins B2 and B6 deficiency—probable molecular basis of skin lesions. Biochem Med 1983;30;3;333-41.<br />
148.Vudhivai N, Pongpaew P, Changbumrun S et al.Vitamin B1, B2 and B6 status of vegetarians. J Med Assoc Thai, 1991,74;10;465-70.<br />
149. Leung LH. Systemic lupus erythematosus: a combined deficiency disease. Med Hypotheses 2004;62;6;922-4.<br />
150.Daels-Rokotoarison DA, Gressier B,Trotin F, Brunet C, et al. Effects of Rosa canina fruit extract on neutriphil respiratory burst. Phytother Res. 2002, 16;2;157-61.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 31
151.Youdin KA, Shukitt-Hale B, MacKinnon S, Kalt W, Joseph JA. Polyphenolics enhance red blood cell resistance to oxidative stress: in vitro and in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta<br />
2000, 1523;1;117-22.<br />
152. Larsen E, Kharazmi A, Christensen LP, Christensen SB.An antiinflammatory galactolipid from rose hip (Rosa Canina) that inhibits chemotaxis of human peripheral blood<br />
neutrophils in vitro. J Nat Prod 2003, 66;7;994-5.<br />
153. Rossnagel K, Willich SN.Value of complementary medicine exemplified by rose-hips. Gesundheitweswn, 2001 63;6;412.<br />
154.James A. Balch and Phyllis A. Balch C.N.C. Prescription for nutritional healing: a practical A to Z reference to drug-free remedies using vitamins, minerals, herbs & food<br />
supplements. 2nd Ed. 1997 Garden City Park, New York.<br />
155.Jiang J, Xu Q. Immunomodulatory activity of the aqueous extract from rhizome of Smilax glabra in the later phase of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol.<br />
2003, 85;1;53-9.<br />
156.Chen T, Li J, Cao J, Xu et al.A new flavone isolated from rhizoma smilacis glabrae and the structural requirements of its derivatives for preventing immunological hepatocyte<br />
damage. Plant Med 1999, 65;156-9.<br />
157.Tchesche R.Advances in the chemistry of antibiotic substances from higher plants. In H. Wagner and L. Horhammer, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. New York: Springer<br />
Verlag, 1971. 274-76.<br />
158. National Research Council. Food and Nutrition Board. Recommended Dietary Allowances. 10th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1989.<br />
159.Levander OA. Nutrition and newly emerging viral diseases:An overview. J Nutr 1997;127:948S-950S<br />
160.Arthur JR.The role of selenium in thyroid hormone metabolism. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1991;69:1648-52.<br />
161.Corvilain B, Contempre B, Longombe AO, Goyens P, Gervy-Decoster C, Lamy F,Vanderpas JB, Dumont JE.<br />
162. Combs GF, Jr and Gray WP. Chemopreventive agents: Selenium. Pharmacol Ther 1998;79:179-92. Selenium and the thyroid: How the relationship was established.Am J Clin<br />
Nutr 1993;57 (2 Suppl):244S-248S.<br />
163.Rannem T, Ladefoged K, Hylander E, Hegnhoj J, Staun M. Selenium depletion in patients with gastrointestinal diseases:Are there any predictive factors? Scand J Gastroenterol<br />
1998;33:1057-61<br />
164. Lester Packer M.D. and Carol Colman.The Antioxidant Miracle, 1999. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.<br />
165. Bujard E, Bracco J, Mauron J, Mottu F, et, al. Composition and Nutritive Value of Blue-Green Algae (Spirulina) and their Possible use in Food Formulations. 3rd<br />
International Congress o Food Science and Technology, Washington D.C.Aug. 9-14, 1970.<br />
166. Miller DS.A procedure for determination of NPU using rats body nitrogen technique. Evaluation of Protein Quality. Publication 1100. National Academy of Sciences.<br />
Washington 1963. 5. Dam R, Lee S, Fry P, Fox H. Utilization of Algae as a Protein Source for Humans. J Nutrition 1965,86,376-382.<br />
167.The FAO/WHO/UNICEF Protein Advisory Group Statement No. 4 on Single Cell Protein Jun 5, 1970<br />
168.A Blue-Green Alga as a human food source. Nutrition Reviews 1968, 26;6,182-183.<br />
169. Cooper, DA. et al. Dietary Carotenoids and certain cancers, heart disease, and age-related macular degeneration: a review of recent research. Nutrition Rev, July 1999, 57:7,<br />
201-204.<br />
170. Perlman, Mares JA. et al. Serum antioxidants and age-related macular degeneration in a population-based case-control study.Archive of Ophthalmology, Dec 1995, 113:12,<br />
1518-23.<br />
171. Rao,AV. et al. Serum and tissue lycopene and biomarkers of oxidation in prostate cancer patients: a case controlled study. Nutrition and Cancer, 1999 33:2, 159-64.<br />
172. Narisawa T. et al. Inhibitory effects of natural carotenoids, alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene and lutein, on colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats. Cancer Letter,<br />
Oct 196, 107:1, 137:42.<br />
173. Park, JS. et al. Dietary lutein from marigold extract inhibits mammary tumor development in mice. Journal of Nutrition, Oct 1998, 128:10, 1650-6.<br />
174. Murakoshi, M. et al. Potent preventative action of alpha-carotene against carcinogenesis: spontaneous liver carcinogenesis and promoting stage of lung and skin<br />
carcinogenesis in mice are suppressed more effectively by alpha-carotene than by beta-carotene. Cancer Research, Dec 1992, 52:23, 6583-7.<br />
175. Chew, BP et al.A comparison of the anticancer activities of dietary beta-carotene, canthaxanthin and astaxanthin in mice in vivo.Anticancer Research, May 1999, 19:3,<br />
1849-53.<br />
176. Schwartz, J et al. Prevention of experimental oral cancer by extracts of Spirulina-Dunaliella algae. Nutrition and Cancer, 1998, 11:2, 127-34.<br />
177. Xue, KX et al. Comparative studies on genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of natural and synthetic beta-carotene stereoisomers. Mutat Research, Oct 1998, 418:2-3, 73-8.<br />
178.Remirez D, Gonzalez A, Merino N, Gonzalez R et al, Effect of phycocyanin in zymosan-induced arthritis in mice: Phycocyanin as an antiarthritic compound. Drug Development<br />
Research 1999,48 (2), 70-75.<br />
179. Romay C, Ledon N, Gonzalez R. Further studies on anti-inflammatory activity of phycocyanin in some animal models of inflammation. Inflamm Res 1998,47, 334-38.<br />
180. Romay C and Gonzalez R. Phycocyanin is an Antioxidant Protector of Human Erythrocytes Against Lysis by Peroxyl Radicals. Pharmacol 2000, 52;367-368.<br />
181.Vadijara, BB, Nilesh W, Gaikwad W, Madyastha KM. Hepatoprotective Effect of C-Phycocyanin: Protection for Carbon tetrachloride and R-(+)-Pulegone-Mediated<br />
Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Biochem and Biophys Res Comm 1998, 249, 428-431.<br />
182.Rimbau V, Camins A, Romay C, Gonzalez R, Pallas M. Protective effects of C-phycocyanin against kainic acid-induced neuronal damage in rat hippocampus. Neuroscience<br />
Letters 1999,276,75-78.<br />
183.Ayehunie S, Belay A, Baba T, Ruprecht RM. Inhibition of HIV-1 Replication by an Aqueous Extract of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis). J of Acquired Immune<br />
Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology 1998,18,1 7-12.<br />
184. Maurice Shils and Vernon Young. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 7th Ed. Lea and Febiger, 1988.<br />
185. Logan G, Goli SA, McGonagle M, Byrd RP Jr, Roy TM.Thiamine deficiency as a cause of metabolic acidosis.Tenn Med. 2003, 96;12;553-5.<br />
186. Oishi K, Barchi M,Au AC, Gelb BD, Diaz GA. Male infertility due to germ cell apoptosis in mice lacking the thiamin carrier,Tht1.A new insight into the critical role of<br />
thiamin in spermatogenesis. Dev Biol 2004;266;2;299-309.<br />
187. Hernandez BY. McDuffie K, Wilkens LR, Damemoto L, Goodman MT. Diet and premalignant lesions of the cervix: evidence of a protective role for folate, riboflavin, thiamin,<br />
and vitamin B12. Cancer Causes Control 2003, 14;9;859-70.<br />
188. Bruce WR, Furrer R, Shangari N, O’Brien PJ, Medlin A, Wang Y. Marginal dietary thiamin deficiency induces the formation of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats.<br />
Cancer Lett. 2003 30;202;2125-9.<br />
189.Boushey CJ, et al.A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. JAMA<br />
1995;274;13;1049-1057.<br />
190.James A. Balch and Phyllis A. Balch C.N.C. Prescription for nutritional healing: a practical A to Z reference to drug-free remedies using vitamins, minerals, herbs & food<br />
supplements. 2nd Ed. 1997 Garden City Park, New York.<br />
191.Jahodar L, Jilek P, Pakova M, Dvorakova V.Antimicrobial effect of arbutin and an extract of the leaves of arctostaphylos uva-ursi in vitro. Ceskoslov Farm 1985;34:174-8.<br />
192.Blumenthal M, Busse WR, Goldberg A, et al (eds).The Complete Commission E Monographs:Therapeutic Guide to Herbal Medicines. Boston, MA: Integrative Medicine.<br />
193.Kamei H, Koide T, Kojima T, Hashimoto Y, Hasegawa M. Inhibition of cell growth in culture by quinones. Cancer Biother Radiopharm Jun 1998;13(3):185-8.<br />
194.Stephens D, Jackson PL, Gutierrez Y. Subclinical vitamin A deficiency:A potentially unrecognized problem in the United States. Pediatric Nurse 1996,22;377-89;456.<br />
195. Semba RD.The role of vitamin A and related retinoids in immune function. Nutr Rev 1998;56;S38-48.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 32
196. Gerster H.Vitamin A-functions, dietary requirements and safety in humans. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 1997;67:71-90.<br />
197. Bender DA.Vitamin B6 requirements and recommendations. Eur J Clin Nutr 1989;43:289-309.<br />
198. Leklem JD,Vitamin B6. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, ed. Modern nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1999:413-421.<br />
199. Chandra R and Sudhakaran L. Regulation of immune responses by vitamin B6. NY Acad Sci 1990;585:404-423.<br />
200. Oka T, Komori N, Kuwahata M, Suzuki I, Okada M, Natori Y. Effect of vitamin B6 deficiency on the expression of glycogen phosphorylase mRNA in rat liver and skeletal<br />
muscle. Experientia 1994; 50:127-9.<br />
201. Siri PW,Verhoef P, Kok FJ,Vitamins B6, B12, and folate:Association with plasma total homocysteine and risk of coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Nutr 1998;17:435-41.<br />
202. Herbert V and Das K.Vitamin B12 in Modern Nutrition in health and disease. 8th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkin, 1994.<br />
203. Carmel R. Cobalamin, the stomach, and aging.Am J Clin Nutr 1997;66:750-9.<br />
204. Bernard MA, Nakonezny PA, Kashner TM.The effect of vitamin B12 deficiency on older veterans and its relationship to health. J Am Geriatr Soc 1998; 46:1199-206.<br />
205. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes:Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline.<br />
National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 1998.<br />
206. Bernard Healton EB, Savage DG, Brust JC, Garrett TF, Lindenbaum J. Neurological aspects of cobalamin deficiency. Medicine 1991; 70:229-244.<br />
207. Bottiglieri T. Folate, vitamin B12, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Nutr Rev 1996; 54:382-90.<br />
208. Fairfield KM, Fletcher RH.Vitamins for Chronic Disease Prevention in Adults. Scientific Review. JAMA,2002,287,23;3116-3126.<br />
209. Bsoul, SA Terezhalmy GT.Vitamin C in health and disease. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004, 5:2:1-13.<br />
210. Bendich A.Vitamin C safety in humans. In: Pracker l, Fuchs J, eds.Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. 1997,367-79.<br />
211.Tsao CS.An overview os ascorbic acid chemistry and biochemistry. In: Pracker l, Fuchs J, eds.Vitamin C in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc. 1997, 25-58.<br />
212. Carr AC and Frei B.Toward a new recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C based on antioxidant and health effects in humans.The American Journal of Clinical<br />
Nutrition, 69:6:1086-1107.<br />
213.Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes: Calcium, Phosphorous, Magnesium,Vitamin D and Fluoride. National Academy Press,<br />
Washington, DC, 1999.<br />
214. Goldring SR, Krane S,Avioli LV. Disorders of calcification: Osteomalacia and rickets. In Endocrinology. 3rd edition Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1995:1204-1227.<br />
215. Favus MJ and Christakos S. Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism 3rd Ed. Philadelphia, PA:Lippincott-Raven, 1996.<br />
216. Chapuy MC,Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, Brun J, Crouzet et al .Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327;1637-42.<br />
217. Reid IR.Therapy of osteoporosis: Calcium, vitamin D and exercise.Am J Med Sci 1996312:278-86.<br />
218.Traber MG and Packer L.Vitamin E: Beyond antioxidant function.Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:1501S-9S.<br />
219.Traber MG.Vitamin E. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, ed. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 10th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999:347-362.<br />
220. Farrell P and Roberts R.Vitamin E. In: Shils M, Olson JA, and Shike M, ed. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger, 1994:326-341.<br />
221. Leske MC, Chylack LT Jr., He Q, Wu SY, Schoenfeld E, Friend J, Wolfe J.Antioxidant vitamins and nuclear opacities:The longitudinal study of cataract. Ophthalmology<br />
1998;105:831-6.<br />
222.Fabris N and Mocchegiani E. Zinc, human diseases and aging.Aging (Milano) 1995;7:77-93.<br />
223. Institute of Medicine. Food and Nutrition Board. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A,Vitamin K,Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese,<br />
Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon,Vanadium, and Zinc. National Academy Press. Washington, DC, 2001<br />
224.Solomons NW. Mild human zinc deficiency produces an imbalance between cell-mediated and humoral immunity. Nutr Rev 1998;56:27-28<br />
225. Prasad AS, Beck FW, Grabowski SM, Kaplan J, Mathog RH. Zinc deficiency: Changes in cytokine production and T-cell subpopulations in patients with head and neck cancer<br />
and in noncancer subjects. Proc Assoc Am Physicians 1997;109:68-77.<br />
226. Sandstead HH. Understanding zinc: Recent observations and interpretations. J Lab Clin Med 1994;124:322-327.<br />
227. Prasad AS. Zinc:An overview. Nutrition 1995;11:93-99<br />
228. Simmer K and Thompson RP. Zinc in the fetus and newborn.Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 1985;319:158-163.<br />
W H Y S U P P L E M E N T A T I O N I S V I T A L T O Y O U R G O O D H E A L T H 33