Trends and Limits of Two-Stage Boosting Systems for Automotive ...

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DOCTORAL THESIS Trends and Limits of Two-Stage Boosting Systems for Automotive Diesel Engines AUTHORS Written by: Dipl. Ing. Olivier Varnier Supervised by: Prof. Dr. José Galindo Lucas DEFENSE COMMITTEE Chairman: Prof. Dr. Jesús Benajes Calvo Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Secretary: Prof. Dr. José Ramón Serrano Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Members: Prof. Dr. Luis Le Moyne ISAT Institut Supérieur de l’Automobile et des Transports Prof. Dr. Juan José Hernández Adrover Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Prof. Dr. Francisco Vera García DISSERTATION READERS Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Prof. Dr. Hans-Erik Angström KTH Kunglia Tekniska Högskolan Stockholm Prof. Dr. Jean-François Hetet Ecole Centrale de Nantes Prof. Dr. Juan José Hernández Adrover Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha iii
Page 1: Departamento de Máquinas y Motores
Page 6 and 7: Resumen Los desarrollos actuales en
Page 8 and 9: Resum El desenvolupament actual al
Page 10 and 11: Finally, I would like to thank my f
Page 12 and 13: xii
Page 14 and 15: xiv
Page 16 and 17: 3 Analytical study of two-stage tur
Page 18 and 19: xviii
Page 20 and 21: IMEP Indicative Mean Effective Pres
Page 22 and 23: SN swirl number. T temperature [K].
Page 24 and 25: p pressure. pp piston pin. ref refe
Page 26 and 27: 1.1 Background The transport sector
Page 28 and 29: Oil production [Mb/d] Section 1.1 C
Page 30 and 31: Section 1.1 Chapter 1 modern actuat
Page 32 and 33: Section 1.1 Chapter 1 Figure 1.4: F
Page 34 and 35: Section 1.2 Chapter 1 Conventional
Page 36 and 37: Section 1.4 Chapter 1 � Synthesis
Page 38 and 39: References Chapter 1 [2] “ Counci
Page 40 and 41: References Chapter 1 [225] G. Lumsd
Page 42 and 43: 2.1 Introduction: Single Stage Turb
Page 44 and 45: Section 2.1 Chapter 2 Compressor pr
Page 46 and 47: Section 2.2 Chapter 2 Figure 2.5: T
Page 48 and 49: Section 2.2 Chapter 2 important eff
Page 50 and 51: Section 2.2 Chapter 2 in torque bet
Page 52 and 53:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 The turbo cha
Page 54 and 55:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 VGT on the LP
Page 56 and 57:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 the HP stage
Page 58 and 59:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 With the esti
Page 60 and 61:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 to fit in the
Page 62 and 63:
Section 2.2 Chapter 2 BMEP in bar 2
Page 64 and 65:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 as a result o
Page 66 and 67:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 Wankel compre
Page 68 and 69:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 large fluctua
Page 70 and 71:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 bypass valve
Page 72 and 73:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 Figure 2.27:
Page 74 and 75:
Section 2.3 Chapter 2 makes the sys
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Section 2.4 Chapter 2 2.4 Electric
Page 80 and 81:
Section 2.4 Chapter 2 are limited b
Page 82 and 83:
Section 2.4 Chapter 2 additional de
Page 84 and 85:
Section 2.4 Chapter 2 forced oil co
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Section 2.4 Chapter 2 turbocharged
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 +20 ¥ pre-wh
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Section 2.5 Chapter 2 but with high
Page 94 and 95:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 and its imple
Page 96 and 97:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 to its maximu
Page 98 and 99:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 2.5.2 Casing
Page 100 and 101:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 was reduced t
Page 102 and 103:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 2.5.3 Variabl
Page 104 and 105:
Section 2.5 Chapter 2 of engine per
Page 106 and 107:
Section 2.6 Chapter 2 2.6.1 Mechani
Page 108 and 109:
Section 2.6 Chapter 2 better to hig
Page 110 and 111:
Section 2.6 Chapter 2 the exhaust t
Page 112 and 113:
Section 2.6 Chapter 2 fan, air cond
Page 114 and 115:
Section 2.6 Chapter 2 With this res
Page 116 and 117:
Section 2.7 Chapter 2 connection du
Page 118 and 119:
Section 2.8 Chapter 2 Finally Fluid
Page 120 and 121:
References Chapter 2 safety reasons
Page 122 and 123:
References Chapter 2 [53] P. Brynyc
Page 124 and 125:
References Chapter 2 [95] A. Dhand,
Page 126 and 127:
References Chapter 2 [150] P. Hoeck
Page 128 and 129:
References Chapter 2 [186] R. Kemml
Page 130 and 131:
References Chapter 2 [227] I. Macdo
Page 132 and 133:
References Chapter 2 [278] Z. Ren,
Page 134 and 135:
References Chapter 2 [314] N. Stosi
Page 136 and 137:
References Chapter 2 [348] N. Watso
Page 138 and 139:
114
Page 140 and 141:
3.1 Introduction Multistage chargin
Page 142 and 143:
Section 3.2 Chapter 3 �WcHP �
Page 144 and 145:
Section 3.2 Chapter 3 Eq.3.15 where
Page 146 and 147:
Section 3.2 Chapter 3 ZcHP � 1 η
Page 148 and 149:
Section 3.2 Chapter 3 performance o
Page 150 and 151:
Section 3.3 Chapter 3 let compresso
Page 152 and 153:
Section 3.3 Chapter 3 Figure 3.3: E
Page 154 and 155:
Section 3.3 Chapter 3 Figure 3.5: E
Page 156 and 157:
Section 3.3 Chapter 3 Figure 3.6: U
Page 158 and 159:
Section 3.3 Chapter 3 bochargers ef
Page 160 and 161:
References Chapter 3 study for a sp
Page 162 and 163:
138
Page 164 and 165:
4.1 Introduction The matching of a
Page 166 and 167:
Section 4.2 Chapter 4 and exhaust e
Page 168 and 169:
Section 4.2 Chapter 4 To take into
Page 170 and 171:
Section 4.2 Chapter 4 pressure, and
Page 172 and 173:
Section 4.2 Chapter 4 Temperature a
Page 174 and 175:
Section 4.2 Chapter 4 coolers have
Page 176 and 177:
Section 4.3 Chapter 4 Turbine Corrr
Page 178 and 179:
Section 4.3 Chapter 4 For a machine
Page 180 and 181:
Section 4.3 Chapter 4 4.3.2.2 Turbi
Page 182 and 183:
Section 4.3 Chapter 4 With simple l
Page 184 and 185:
Section 4.3 Chapter 4 4.3.2.3 Engin
Page 186 and 187:
Section 4.4 Chapter 4 Different cur
Page 188 and 189:
References Chapter 4 Finally, a mat
Page 190 and 191:
References Chapter 4 [212] M. Lapue
Page 192 and 193:
References Chapter 4 [348] N. Watso
Page 194 and 195:
5.1 Introduction The complexity ari
Page 196 and 197:
Section 5.1 Chapter 5 in engine dev
Page 198 and 199:
Section 5.2 Chapter 5 tions are req
Page 200 and 201:
Section 5.2 Chapter 5 variations of
Page 202 and 203:
Section 5.2 Chapter 5 CdAref repres
Page 204 and 205:
Section 5.2 Chapter 5 �mc1 � ϑ
Page 206 and 207:
Section 5.2 Chapter 5 estimate the
Page 208 and 209:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 5.3 Crank Ang
Page 210 and 211:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 At each calcu
Page 212 and 213:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 readjusted du
Page 214 and 215:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 maltap ∆Vin
Page 216 and 217:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 by the instan
Page 218 and 219:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 Mass balance:
Page 220 and 221:
Section 5.3 Chapter 5 v ¦ inj �
Page 222 and 223:
Section 5.4 Chapter 5 Matlab Enviro
Page 224 and 225:
Section 5.4 Chapter 5 With compress
Page 226 and 227:
Section 5.4 Chapter 5 scribed for t
Page 228 and 229:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 sophisticated
Page 230 and 231:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 for all opera
Page 232 and 233:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 effects. So w
Page 234 and 235:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 This trend is
Page 236 and 237:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 phenomena are
Page 238 and 239:
Section 5.5 Chapter 5 representativ
Page 240 and 241:
References Chapter 5 models have be
Page 242 and 243:
References Chapter 5 [68] J.A. Cato
Page 244 and 245:
References Chapter 5 [145] J. Heywo
Page 246 and 247:
References Chapter 5 [258] F. Payri
Page 248 and 249:
References Chapter 5 [367] D.E. Win
Page 250 and 251:
6.1 Introduction There is nowadays
Page 252 and 253:
Section 6.2 Chapter 6 chamber devel
Page 254 and 255:
Section 6.2 Chapter 6 function of i
Page 256 and 257:
Section 6.2 Chapter 6 Interccooler
Page 258 and 259:
Section 6.2 Chapter 6 [%] Peak effi
Page 260 and 261:
Section 6.2 Chapter 6 Pressure loss
Page 262 and 263:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 brake power l
Page 264 and 265:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 Fuel conssump
Page 266 and 267:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 Fuel conssump
Page 268 and 269:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 Synthesis of
Page 270 and 271:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 been required
Page 272 and 273:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 described for
Page 274 and 275:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 BMMEP [bar] 3
Page 276 and 277:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 percharger us
Page 278 and 279:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 also on the e
Page 280 and 281:
Section 6.3 Chapter 6 the main conc
Page 282 and 283:
Section 6.4 Chapter 6 BMMEP [bar] 3
Page 284 and 285:
Section 6.4 Chapter 6 one of the sm
Page 286 and 287:
Section 6.4 Chapter 6 and, as expla
Page 288 and 289:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 full load ope
Page 290 and 291:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 BMEP [bbar] T
Page 292 and 293:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 BMEP [bar] ]
Page 294 and 295:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 BMEP [bar] In
Page 296 and 297:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 BMEP [bar] In
Page 298 and 299:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 BMEP [bar] BM
Page 300 and 301:
Section 6.5 Chapter 6 stant. Only a
Page 302 and 303:
Section 6.6 Chapter 6 6.6 Summary A
Page 304 and 305:
References Chapter 6 [123] J. Galin
Page 306 and 307:
7.1 Introduction In this doctoral t
Page 308 and 309:
Section 7.3 Chapter 7 continuously
Page 310 and 311:
Section 7.3 Chapter 7 � Avoiding
Page 312 and 313:
Section 7.4 Chapter 7 in-cylinder p
Page 314 and 315:
Section 7.4 Chapter 7 � In a two-
Page 316 and 317:
Section 7.4 Chapter 7 path pressure
Page 318 and 319:
Bibliography [9] “ Turbocharging
Page 320 and 321:
Bibliography [34] C. Barba, C. Burk
Page 322 and 323:
Bibliography [59] J.R. Bumby, E.S.
Page 324 and 325:
Bibliography [83] A. Chow and M.L.
Page 326 and 327:
Bibliography [107] Z. Filipi, Y. Wa
Page 328 and 329:
Bibliography [130] R. Glover, M. Pr
Page 330 and 331:
Bibliography [156] U. Hopmann and C
Page 332 and 333:
Bibliography [180] D.D. Kapich. “
Page 334 and 335:
Bibliography [204] R. Krebs, R. Sze
Page 336 and 337:
Bibliography [229] M. Marcic. “Me
Page 338 and 339:
Bibliography [255] P. Pallotti, E.
Page 340 and 341:
Bibliography [277] C.D. Rakopoulos,
Page 342 and 343:
Bibliography [300] J.R. Serrano, B.
Page 344 and 345:
Bibliography [326] A. Torregrosa, P
Page 346 and 347:
Bibliography [352] S. Wedowski, S.
Page 348:
Bibliography [375] Y. Yamashita, S.
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