THE STEINHART AQUARIUM - Gulf of Guinea Science ...

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312 A Docent Field Guide to the Species of the Steinhart Aquarium primitive character state present in the common ancestor of a clade; a primitive character state is inferred to be the original condition of that character within the clade under consideration producers in an ecosystem, organisms, such as plants, that are able to produce their own food from inorganic substances protandrous referring to a sequential hermaphrodite in which the fish functions first as a male and then changes to a female protogynous refers to animals that are sequential hermaphrodites, where the animal functions first biologically as a female, having only female sexual organs, then changes to be biologically male radial symmetry a type of symmetry in which an organism can be divided into equal halves by passing a plane through the central axis in any direction radula rasping tongue found in most mollusks recessive refers to an allele that causes a phenotype (visible or detectable characteristic) that is only seen in an organism that has two copies of the same allele scavenger an organism that obtains nutrients from dead animals or other dead organic material selection pressure in a population, the force for genetic change resulting from natural selection sessile permanently attached or stationary sexual reproduction reproduction that involves male and female gametes, usually produced by different parents. The central event is fertilization (the joining of egg and sperm) species (1) a group of organisms that have a unique set of characteristics (like body shape and behavior) that distinguishes them from other organisms. If they reproduce, individuals within the same species can produce fertile offspring. (2) the basic unit of biological classification spore a reproductive cell, usually unicellular, capable of developing into an adult without fusion with another cell sporophyte the spore-producing, diploid (2n) stage in the life cycle of a plant having alternation of generations symbiosis the living together of two dissimilar organisms in close association; includes parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism synchronous hermaphrodite organism that possesses both active male and active female reproductive organs at the same time syngamy the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote; fertilization taxon (pl. taxa) a named group of organisms, not necessarily a clade; a group of organisms of any taxonomic rank, such as a given phylum, order, family, genus, species terminal phase male the dominant breeding male of certain fish families, such as wrasses and parrotfishes. Usually has a distinctive color phase and may be transformed initial phase males or transformed females. thallus a plant body without true stems or roots or leaves or vascular system; the body of a seaweed tissue a group of cells organized into a structural or functional unit trochophore the larval form characteristic of marine annelids and most groups of mollusks as well as several other phyla variation the differences that occur in the offspring of a particular population or species veliger the larval form common to most bivalves and gastropods; develops from the trochophore larva ventral pertaining to the undersurface viviparous producing live young from within the body of the female zoochlorellae symbiotic unicellular green algae zoospore a motile flagellated asexual spore, as of certain algae and fungi; typically produces a gametophyte zooxanthellae symbiotic dinoflagellate algae zygote the cell formed by the union of a sperm cell and an egg cell
A Abalone, Red 53, 241 Acanthaster planci 86 Acanthastrea spp. 39 Acanthogobius flavimanus 179 Acanthophyllia deshayesiana 39, 251 Acanthuridae 12, 184–190 Acanthurus achilles 184 blochii 184 coeruleus 184 dussumieri 185 japonicus 185 lineatus 185 mata 185 nigricans 186 nigroris 186 olivaceus 186 pyroferus 186 triostegus 187 Acropora 35 Acropora spp. 35 Actiniaria 46 Actinopterygii 96 Aegagropila linnaeim 19 Aeoliscus strigatus 123 Agalychnis callidryas 200 Agaricia sp. 36 Agonopsis vulsa 137 Ahaetulla fronticincta 221 Alcyonacea 26 Algae Articulating Coralline 21, 240 Brown 20 Bryopsis 251 Encrusting Coralline 21, 240 Green 19 Red 240 INDEX Alligator, American 208 Alligator mississippiensis 208 Alpheus randalli 68 Alveopora sp. 36 Amazon Leaf Fish 153 Amblycirrhitus pinos 153 Amblyeleotris randalli 179 Amblyeleotris sp 179 Amblygobius hectori 180 phalaena 180 Ameca splendens 121 Amphibians 196 Amphilophus labiatus 154 Amphiprion clarkii 163 ocellaris 163 percula 164 perideraion 164 Amphistichus argenteus 160 rhodoterus 161 Anaconda 216, 282 Anarrhichthys ocellatus 176 Anchovy, Northern 104 Andrias davidianus 196 Anemone Aggregating 46, 229, 241 Bubbletip Sea 48, 252, 259 Cloned Plumose 46, 229, 241 Club-tipped 32, 229 Condylactis Sea 47, 273 Corkscrew Tentacle Sea 48, 252 Fish-eating 49, 230 Giant Carpet 49, 259 Giant Green 47, 229 Giant Plumose 46, 229 Index 313 Leathery Sea 49, 259 Magnificent Sea 49, 259 Miniature Carpet 50 Painted 48, 229 Rose 229, 247 Sun 49, 273 Tube 45 White-spotted Rose 48 Anemonefish Clark’s 163, 263 False clown 263 False Clown 253 Pink 164 Spinecheek 167, 264 Anemonefishes 10 Anemones 46 Angelfish Altum 159 Blackspot 151, 262 Blackstriped 151 Bluegirdled 153 Emperor 152, 262 Flame 150, 262 Freshwater 159 King 152 Lamarck’s 262 Lamarck’s 151 Lemonpeel 151 Orinoco 159 Queen 152, 273 Swallowtail 151 Angelfishes 8, 150–153 Angiosperms 22 Annelids 51 Anomalops katoptron 122 Antennarius commerson 118 Anthelia spp. 28 Anthias
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THE STEINHART AQUARIUM A VIEW FOR A
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ii A Docent & Guide View of the Ste
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CARCHARINIDAE (REQUIEM SHARKS) 12 g
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Fish Families 7 All members of the
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Fish Families 9 Some species are no
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Fish Families 11 Wrasses are most e
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Fish Families 13 Most are solitary,
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Ron DeCloux Steinhart Field Guide I
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Conservation status: Steinhart Fiel
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ALGAE GREEN (DIVISION CHLOROPHYTA)
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subsequently grow into the familiar
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California into Baja; introduced su
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leaves as new ones replace them. Ma
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y species, 10-30 cm. Diet: Microcar
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Remarks: Can retract polyps individ
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anches. Paired branchlets extend fr
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Diet: Microcarnivore of plankton; m
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extends feeding tentacles at night
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Appearance: Various growth forms in
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Remarks: Its scientific name and a
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greenish, or yellowish. Conical pro
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Appearance: Colonies can be massive
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female’s gastrovascular cavity. W
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crown. Non-crowded (solitary) indiv
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Fish-eating Anemone Urticina pisciv
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nutrition by photosynthesis, thus t
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usually shed in large tide pools. F
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Black Turban Snail Tegula funebrali
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mollusks except bivalves, is covere
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Commercial propagation shows promis
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trade. Consumed in its range by hum
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on temperature.) Females do not fee
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and partially pink or salmon-colore
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cementing silk, tough outer silk fo
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will copulate the female by sliding
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Banded Coral Shrimp Stenopus hispid
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to April. Fertile females ready to
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The mollusk shells selected as home
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Habitat: On rocks, pier pilings and
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leaves, and each batch is housed in
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Habitat: From sea level to 1,800 m
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gardening ants, number about 200 sp
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Vermillion Sea Star Mediaster aequa
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only differences in light and dark.
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may seek protection in the urchin
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CLASS HOLOTHUROIDEA (SEA CUCUMBERS)
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during December and January; egg ca
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along the coast in estuaries, bays,
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Rivers and their large tributaries,
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Spotted Gar Lepisosteus oculatus (
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y other fishes. Live to at least 55
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hermaphrodite. As the ribbon eel gr
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Tinfoil Barb Barbonymus schwanenfel
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substrate egg-scattering fish. Male
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Habitat: Various tropical stream ha
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Diet: Consume terrestrial and aquat
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Diet: Insects and decaying fruits a
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Remarks: Can live out of water for
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free-swimming larvae hatch and leav
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irregular patch of flesh that dangl
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Habitat: Small tropical rivers and
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Flashlight Fish aka Eyelight Fish P
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Australia and New Zealand. Habitat:
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Weedy Seadragon Phyllopteryx taenio
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Starry Rockfish Sebastes constellat
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Distribution: Puget Sound to centra
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Habitat: Coral reefs. Appearance: S
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Aleutian Islands, and south along t
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Northern Spearnose Poacher Agonopsi
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in southern California; their bones
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member of the genus Serranus, commo
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Remarks: A popular game fish with a
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Distribution: Western Pacific: Mala
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and Central Pacific. Habitat: Subti
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dorsal fin, and yellow tail; two ve
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Appearance: Typically bright orange
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Mortality/Longevity: More than 5 ye
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caragua; in Lakes Nicaragua and Man
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turquoise to white dots over the bo
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wild, breeds in holes excavated und
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Redtail Surfperch Amphistichus rhod
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Diet: Oral “winnowers” sifting
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Mortality/Longevity: Eaten by bigge
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Neon Damselfish Neoglyphidodon oxyo
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Diet: Zooplankton in the water colu
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Pinstriped Wrasse Halichoeres melan
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Sixline Wrasse Pseudocheilinus hexa
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Reproduction and Development: Males
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Adults live secretively in reefs, c
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coral and rubble. Appearance: Lengt
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with his dorsal fin fully extended
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Orange Spotted Spinefoot Siganus gu
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Reproduction and Development: Exter
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there is an advantage to mimicking
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Indo-Pacific from Africa to Japan.
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Diet: Omnivorous; small invertebrat
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Diet: Small crustaceans, marine wor
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Ornate Cowfish Aracana ornate (Arac
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flowing mountain streams. Active no
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Like most toads, its poison glands
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ats and other mammals. Tadpoles tak
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Panama live nearly half a world apa
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in pools and ditches after heavy ra
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Diet: Aquatic vegetation and fruit,
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Small prey is swallowed whole. Larg
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Habitat: Arboreal and semi-aquatic;
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Klemmer’s Yellow-headed Day Gecko
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Diet: Young eat fruit, leaves, and
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Female coils around her eggs provid
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Distribution: Coastal lowlands, sou
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Habitat: Arboreal, living in lowlan
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matter; within a week, the male joi
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opalescent straw color; underparts
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human inhabited areas. Description:
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CALIFORNIA ROCKY COAST - MAIN TANK
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Red sea urchin Strongylocentrotus f
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Black & yellow rockfish Sebastes ch
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Kelp greenling (male) Hexagrammos d
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237 California Coast Southern Calif
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Rock wrasse (initial stage) Halicho
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Giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera Ora
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California mussel Mytilus californi
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Gerald & Buff Corsi © CAS Blood st
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GIANTS TANK - CALIFORNIA COAST EXHI
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Philippine Coral Reef Main Tank 249
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SEAGRASS SHALLOWS - PHILIPPINE CORA
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Tridacna clam Tridacna squamosa Lon
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PHILIPPINE CORAL REEF MAIN TANK Sar
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Galaxy coral Galaxea fascicularis A
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Bubbletip sea anemone Entacmea quad
Page 263 and 264: Seale’s cardinalfish Apogon seale
Page 265 and 266: Clark’s anemonefish Amphiprion cl
Page 267 and 268: Bird wrasse Gomphosus varius Pastel
Page 269 and 270: Orange spotted spinefoot Siganus gu
Page 271 and 272: Convict tang Acanthurus triostegus
Page 273 and 274: Ron DeCloux Gilded triggerfish (fem
Page 275 and 276: Warty Corallimorpharian Discosoma s
Page 277 and 278: Redspotted hawkfish Amblycirrhitus
Page 279 and 280: Pitcher plant Nepehthes sp. The Neo
Page 281 and 282: Bananaquit Coereba flaveola Red-leg
Page 283 and 284: Postman (underwing) Heliconius melp
Page 285 and 286: FLOODED AMAZON MAIN TANK Pirarucu (
Page 287 and 288: FRESHWATER STINGRAYS White-blotched
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Page 291 and 292: Tank/ Exhibit # Focus Area and Them
Page 311 and 312: chitin the tough, resistant organic
Page 313: in a cell is decreased by half. Unl
Page 317 and 318: Oar Weed 20 Rockweeds 20 Brycon mel
Page 319 and 320: Cynopterus brachyotis 227 Cyprinida
Page 321 and 322: Icelinus tenuis 135 Ictalurus punct
Page 323 and 324: giganteus 87 ochraceus 87 Pitcher P
Page 325 and 326: Sharkminnow, Tricolor 104 Sharks 92
Page 327 and 328: Senorita 172, 239 Sixbar 173, 265 S
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