Stationary Source Control Techniques Document for Fine Particulate ...

CONTENTS (continued)
Monitoring Systems (CEM) Used to Monitor Opacity ........3-10
3.3 OTHER STATIONARY (POINT) SOURCE PM MASS
MEASUREMENT TEST METHODS ................................3-10
3.4 FUGITIVE PM MEASUREMENT METHODS ........................3-11
3.5 PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS .....................................3-14
3.5.1 Cascade Impactors ........................................3-14
3.5.2 Sampling Cyclones .........................................3-15
3.5.3 Real-Time Size Distribution Measurement ........................3-15
3.5.4 Size Distribution of Bulk Samples ..............................3-16
3.6 SPECIATION ..................................................3-17
3.6.1 EPA Test Method 29 for Metals and PM ........................3-17
3.6.2 EPA Office of Solid Waste Test Method 0010 (SW-846) 41 ..........3-18
3.6.3 Spectrometry .............................................3-19
3.6.3.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ........................3-19
3.6.3.2 Optical Emission Spectrometry ..........................3-19
3.6.3.3 Mass Spectrometry ..................................3-19
3.6.3.4 Neutron Activation Analysis ............................3-20
3.6.3.5 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry .......................3-20
3.6.4 Electrochemical ...........................................3-20
3.6.5 Chemical ................................................3-21
3.7 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 3 ..................................3-21
4 FUEL SUBSTITUTION AND SOURCE REDUCTION APPROACHES FOR
PARTICULATE MATTER ...............................................4-1
4.1 FUEL SUBSTITUTION ...........................................4-1
4.1.1 Applicability ...............................................4-1
4.1.2 Emission Reductions with Fuel Switching .........................4-2
4.1.3 Costs ....................................................4-5
4.1.4 Other Impacts .............................................4-6
4.2 PROCESS MODIFICATION/OPTIMIZATION ........................4-7
4.3 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 4 ...................................4-9
5 EXHAUST GAS CLEANING SYSTEMS FOR STATIONARY SOURCES ........5-1
5.1 PRETREATMENT ............................................. 5.1-1
5.1.1 Precollection Devices ...................................... 5.1-1
5.1.1.1 Settling Chambers .................................. 5.1-1
5.1.1.2 Elutriators ........................................ 5.1-4
5.1.1.3 Momentum Separators ............................... 5.1-4
5.1.1.4 Mechanically-Aided Separators ........................ 5.1-4
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