- Page 1 and 2: Lecture Notes CT 4860 Structural Pa
- Page 3 and 4: Preface In these lecture notes the
- Page 5 and 6: abundantly available, crushed mater
- Page 7 and 8: Figure 3: Cracking observed on a na
- Page 9 and 10: Figure 7: Severe longitudinal crack
- Page 11 and 12: 2.3 Desintegration and wear Ravelin
- Page 13 and 14: The other reason why both vehicles
- Page 15 and 16: Fr Fm load Figure 18: Assessment of
- Page 17 and 18: Figure 19: AASHTO design chart for
- Page 19 and 20: Charts to determine the structural
- Page 21: Figure 22: Chart to estimate the st
- Page 25 and 26: determine in the same way the requi
- Page 27 and 28: use these systems. Also attention w
- Page 29 and 30: Figure 27: Graphical solutions for
- Page 31 and 32: If Poisson’s ratio of the top lay
- Page 33 and 34: stress at the bottom of the top lay
- Page 35 and 36: Until now no attention has been pai
- Page 37 and 38: a. The vertical stress just below a
- Page 39 and 40: shown in figure 37 that -σr / p =
- Page 41 and 42: Figure 38: Estimation of the horizo
- Page 43 and 44: Figure 40: Chart to estimate σzz1
- Page 45 and 46: Figure 42: Chart to estimate σrr1
- Page 47 and 48: 5.5 Stresses due to horizontal load
- Page 49 and 50: Figure 45: Vertical stresses in a p
- Page 51 and 52: 5.6 Stresses in multilayer systems,
- Page 53 and 54: In the first example, only the vert
- Page 55 and 56: Figure 49b: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 57 and 58: Figure 49d: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 59 and 60: Figure 49f: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 61 and 62: Figure 49h: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 63 and 64: Figure 49j: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 65 and 66: Figure 49l: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 67 and 68: Figure 49n: Output of BISAR calcula
- Page 69 and 70: the page. Then detailed information
- Page 71 and 72: Figure 51 shows the axle load unit
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Vehicle type Axle Axle load range [
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Figure 53: Examples of unequal shar
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hand, if the tire load is low and t
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A number of attempts have been made
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Figure 59: Variation of the vertica
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Zlen = 115 + 5.70 F - 3.11 * 10 -3
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Figure 63: Temperature variations d
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εr,uncorr = asphalt strain uncorre
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Figure 69: Effective asphalt temper
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Figure 72: Variation in moisture co
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Côté and Konrad presented an eleg
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4 point bending test 2 point bendin
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Figure 78: Shell nomograph to predi
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Figure 81: Van der Poel nomograph t
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Mixture type Test temperature [ 0 C
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is rather a specimen property than
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It is a well known fact that cars a
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Figure 87: Correction factor on pav
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Figure 88: Failure envelopes for a
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9. Granular materials 9.1 Introduct
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Mr = k1 θ k2 The equations for k1
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Table 20: Specifications for granul
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Figure 93: Tensile strains at the b
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Also other procedures are available
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Figure 96: Variation of the stiffne
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100 cummulative percentage passing
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There are two options to analyze th
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Figure 101: Increase of the stiffne
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Figure 105: Development in time of
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The traffic loads were not real tra
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Where: Ef = flexural stiffness [ksi
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UCS = 40.5 - 23 X1 - 13.6 X2 + 20.7
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7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.4
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A material for which some character
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log Mr Increasing σ3 log θ θ =
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Where: εv = vertical compressive s
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Figure 117: Edge effect on the vert
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The effect of the mechanisms shown
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c = hbound base d = hbound base + h
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the asphalt layer and his own subgr
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Table 29: Iteration report. 153
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Base course material Thickness [mm]
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Figure 125: TRH4 catalogue (continu
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Figure 125: TRH4 catalogue (continu
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Table 31: Abbreviated specification
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References 1. Highway Research Boar
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43. Opiyo, T.O.; A mechanistic appr