Lecture Notes CT 4860 Structural Pavement Design Design of ...

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E1 , h1 E2 , h2 E3 σr1 Figure 39: Locations in a three layer system for which tables and graphs to estimate stresses have been developed. In developing those tables and graphs, the following parameters have been used. A = a / h2; H = h1 / h2; K1 = E1 / E2; K2 = E2 / E3 Diameter 2a, contact pressure p Figures 40, 41 and 42 show the graphs for the estimation <strong>of</strong> resp. σzz1, σzz2, and σrr1 for K1 =20 and K2 = 2. σz1 σz2 A = a / h2 K1 = E1 / E2 K2 = E2 / E3 H = h1 / h2 42
Figure 40: Chart to estimate σzz1 (vertical stress at the top layer – base interface) in a three layer system. 43
Page 1 and 2: Lecture Notes CT 4860 Structural Pa
Page 3 and 4: Preface In these lecture notes the
Page 5 and 6: abundantly available, crushed mater
Page 7 and 8: Figure 3: Cracking observed on a na
Page 9 and 10: Figure 7: Severe longitudinal crack
Page 11 and 12: 2.3 Desintegration and wear Ravelin
Page 13 and 14: The other reason why both vehicles
Page 15 and 16: Fr Fm load Figure 18: Assessment of
Page 17 and 18: Figure 19: AASHTO design chart for
Page 19 and 20: Charts to determine the structural
Page 21 and 22: Figure 22: Chart to estimate the st
Page 23 and 24: Figure 24: Chart to estimate the st
Page 25 and 26: determine in the same way the requi
Page 27 and 28: use these systems. Also attention w
Page 29 and 30: Figure 27: Graphical solutions for
Page 31 and 32: If Poisson’s ratio of the top lay
Page 33 and 34: stress at the bottom of the top lay
Page 35 and 36: Until now no attention has been pai
Page 37 and 38: a. The vertical stress just below a
Page 39 and 40: shown in figure 37 that -σr / p =
Page 41: Figure 38: Estimation of the horizo
Page 45 and 46: Figure 42: Chart to estimate σrr1
Page 47 and 48: 5.5 Stresses due to horizontal load
Page 49 and 50: Figure 45: Vertical stresses in a p
Page 51 and 52: 5.6 Stresses in multilayer systems,
Page 53 and 54: In the first example, only the vert
Page 55 and 56: Figure 49b: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 57 and 58: Figure 49d: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 59 and 60: Figure 49f: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 61 and 62: Figure 49h: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 63 and 64: Figure 49j: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 65 and 66: Figure 49l: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 67 and 68: Figure 49n: Output of BISAR calcula
Page 69 and 70: the page. Then detailed information
Page 71 and 72: Figure 51 shows the axle load unit
Page 73 and 74: Vehicle type Axle Axle load range [
Page 75 and 76: Figure 53: Examples of unequal shar
Page 77 and 78: hand, if the tire load is low and t
Page 79 and 80: A number of attempts have been made
Page 81 and 82: Figure 59: Variation of the vertica
Page 83 and 84: Zlen = 115 + 5.70 F - 3.11 * 10 -3
Page 85 and 86: Figure 63: Temperature variations d
Page 87 and 88: εr,uncorr = asphalt strain uncorre
Page 89 and 90: Figure 69: Effective asphalt temper
Page 91 and 92: Figure 72: Variation in moisture co
Page 93 and 94:
Côté and Konrad presented an eleg
Page 95 and 96:
4 point bending test 2 point bendin
Page 97 and 98:
Figure 78: Shell nomograph to predi
Page 99 and 100:
Figure 81: Van der Poel nomograph t
Page 101 and 102:
Mixture type Test temperature [ 0 C
Page 103 and 104:
is rather a specimen property than
Page 105 and 106:
It is a well known fact that cars a
Page 107 and 108:
Figure 87: Correction factor on pav
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 88: Failure envelopes for a
Page 111 and 112:
9. Granular materials 9.1 Introduct
Page 113 and 114:
Mr = k1 θ k2 The equations for k1
Page 115 and 116:
Table 20: Specifications for granul
Page 117 and 118:
Figure 93: Tensile strains at the b
Page 119 and 120:
Also other procedures are available
Page 121 and 122:
Figure 96: Variation of the stiffne
Page 123 and 124:
100 cummulative percentage passing
Page 125 and 126:
There are two options to analyze th
Page 127 and 128:
Figure 101: Increase of the stiffne
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 105: Development in time of
Page 131 and 132:
The traffic loads were not real tra
Page 133 and 134:
Where: Ef = flexural stiffness [ksi
Page 135 and 136:
UCS = 40.5 - 23 X1 - 13.6 X2 + 20.7
Page 137 and 138:
7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.4
Page 139 and 140:
A material for which some character
Page 141 and 142:
log Mr Increasing σ3 log θ θ =
Page 143 and 144:
Where: εv = vertical compressive s
Page 145 and 146:
Figure 117: Edge effect on the vert
Page 147 and 148:
The effect of the mechanisms shown
Page 149 and 150:
c = hbound base d = hbound base + h
Page 151 and 152:
the asphalt layer and his own subgr
Page 153 and 154:
Table 29: Iteration report. 153
Page 155 and 156:
Base course material Thickness [mm]
Page 157 and 158:
Figure 125: TRH4 catalogue (continu
Page 159 and 160:
Figure 125: TRH4 catalogue (continu
Page 161 and 162:
Table 31: Abbreviated specification
Page 163 and 164:
References 1. Highway Research Boar
Page 165:
43. Opiyo, T.O.; A mechanistic appr
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