An Updated Classification of the Recent Crustacea

world would rather that the [gammaridean] families
be listed alphabetically rather than by superfamilies.’’
Thus, somewhat to our disappointment, we have
followed that group’s suggestion and also the work
of Barnard and Karaman (1991) (which has been
followed by several other workers such as De Broyer
and Jazdzewski, 1993) in listing alphabetically
the many families of gammaridean amphipods in
the current classification. This was done in the
Bowman and Abele classification as well. The most
recent treatment, an indispensable review by Bellan-Santini
(1999), also lists the families of gammaridean
amphipods (67 of them) alphabetically
(in addition to listing another 24 families of questionable
standing) without using superfamilies.
This work (Bellan-Santini, 1999) differs from our
compilation slightly and should be consulted by
any serious student of gammaridean amphipods.
The alphabetical list of families presented here
has the advantage of not espousing one worker’s
view over another (although because Barnard and
Karaman, 1991, also listed families alphabetically,
it could be argued that we are preferring their approach;
E. Bousfield, pers. comm.). It has the additional
advantage of signaling to future workers
that the gammarideans are in serious need of further
attention. However, our alphabetical listing
has the clear disadvantage of discarding some
groupings (e.g., corophioids, talitroids, lysianassoids)
that seem to be fairly well accepted. An additional
problem that should be noted is that, while
we are avoiding superfamilies because they are controversial
and/or not widely used, the same could
be said for a large percentage of the families that
we have chosen to recognize.
Works appearing subsequent to the Bowman and
Abele (1982) classification that employ these superfamily
groupings (although not all in perfect
agreement as to the constituent families) of the
gammarideans include Schram (1986), Ishimaru
(1994), Bousfield (1983), and Bousfield and Shih
(1994). These papers should be consulted for further
information on gammaridean superfamily hypotheses.
Further advances in our understanding of
amphipod phylogeny were presented as part of the
10th Colloquium on Amphipoda (Heraklion, Crete,
April, 2000) and include Berge et al. (2000),
Bousfield (2000a, b), Serejo (2000), and Lowry and
Myers (2000), abstracts of all of which are available
via the Amphipod Homepage hosted by Old
Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia (URL
http://www.odu.edu/%7Ejrh100f/amphome).
SUBORDER GAMMARIDEA
Gammaridean amphipod families that have been
described or recognized since the Bowman and
Abele (1982) list include, in alphabetical order of
the families, Acanthonotozomellidae (by Coleman
and Barnard, 1991), Amathillopsidae (recognized
by Coleman and Barnard, 1991, credited to Pirlot,
1934, but considered only a subfamily of the Epimeriidae
by Lowry and Myers, 2000), Allocrangonyctidae
(by Holsinger, 1989), Aristiidae (by
Lowry and Stoddart, 1997), Bolttsiidae, Cardenioidae,
Clarenciidae (all by Barnard and Karaman,
1987), Cheidae (by Thurston, 1982), Condukiidae
(by Barnard and Drummond, 1982), Cyphocarididae
(by Lowry and Stoddart, 1997), Dikwidae (by
Coleman and Barnard, 1991, suggested to be only
a tribe within the subfamily Amathillopsinae by
Lowry and Myers, 2000), Didymocheliidae (by Bellan-Santini
and Ledoyer, 1986), Endevouridae (by
Lowry and Stoddart, 1997), Ipanemidae and Megaluropidae
(by Barnard and Thomas, 1988), Metacrangonyctidae
(by Boutin and Missouli, 1988),
Micruropidae (by Kamaltynov, 1999), Odiidae (by
Coleman and Barnard, 1991, but see Berge et al.,
1998, 1999, who believe that the Odiidae is paraphyletic
and that its genera belong instead within
the Ochlesidae), Opisidae (by Lowry and Stoddart,
1995), Pachyschesidae (by Kamaltynov, 1999), Paracalliopiidae
(by Barnard and Karaman, 1982),
Paracrangonyctidae (by Bousfield, 1982), Paraleptamphopidae
(by Bousfield, 1983), Perthiidae (by
Williams and Barnard, 1988), Phoxocephalopsidae
(by Barnard and Clark, 1984, who credit Barnard
and Drummond, 1982), Phreatogammaridae (by
Bousfield, 1982), Pseudamphilochidae Schellenberg
(revised and reinserted by Barnard and Karaman,
1982), Podoprionidae (by Lowry and Stoddart,
1996), Pseudocrangonyctidae (by Holsinger, 1989),
Scopelocheiridae (by Lowry and Stoddart, 1997),
Sinurothoidae (by Ren, 1999), Sternophysingidae
(by Holsinger, 1992), Urohaustoriidae (by Barnard
and Drummond, 1982), Valettidae (by Thurston,
1989), Wandinidae (by Lowry and Stoddart, 1990),
and Zobrachoidae (by Barnard and Drummond,
1982). Additionally, we include the Podoceridae
Leach, as this appears to be a widely recognized
and relatively uncontroversial family (e.g., in Barnard
and Karaman, 1991, and Bellan-Santini,
1999), although it was not listed by Bowman and
Abele (1982). Iphimedioid amphipods, like many
other groupings, are currently being revised, and as
a result, some of the names and ranks above will
undoubtedly change (see Lowry and Myers, 2000).
The family Lepechinellidae Schelenberg, listed in
Bowman and Abele (1982), has been removed. Barnard
and Karaman (1991) listed the genus Lepichenella
in the Dexaminidae and considered the
Lepichenellidae a synonym of the Dexaminidae
(but note that Bousfield and Kendall, 1994, treated
the Lepichinellidae as a subfamily of the Atylidae).
The family Conicostomatidae is listed in the Zoological
Record (1983, vol. 20, section 10), where it
is attributed to Lowry and Stoddart (1983). However,
although those authors recognized it as a
grouping of related taxa, they did not establish it
as a family in their 1983 paper, and they have not
done so subsequently (J. Lowry, pers. comm.).
Thus, the listing of the family in the Zoological Record
is in error. The family Anamixidae is main-
36 � Contributions in Science, Number 39 Rationale