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SAW / STW Oscillators - TriQuint

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©9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc.<br />

Connecting the Digital World<br />

to the Global Network ®<br />

2012<br />

<strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

When nothing but the best<br />

phase noise performance<br />

will do for your application,<br />

be sure to design in <strong>TriQuint</strong><br />

frequency control products.


Oscillator Technology<br />

Enabling Technology - Why Choose <strong>TriQuint</strong> Frequency Control Products?<br />

All <strong>TriQuint</strong> oscillator products derive their frequency sources from a<br />

long history of innovation in technology for resonators. The resonator<br />

expertise of <strong>TriQuint</strong> has been developed over many years of iterations<br />

and fine tuning on models to produce high-performance resonators<br />

to meet the stringent demands of many applications. The resonators<br />

that <strong>TriQuint</strong> offers come in two types of designs that bring various<br />

features for your frequency control needs compared to traditional<br />

resonator technology.<br />

• <strong>SAW</strong> (Surface Acoustic Wave) resonators<br />

- More temperature stable than traditional resonators<br />

- High end g-sensitivity capability<br />

• <strong>STW</strong> (Surface Transverse Wave) resonators<br />

- Best available g-sensitivity with moderate temperature shift<br />

- Enables ultra low noise high-performance oscillators<br />

(best in class)<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> oscillators offer performance advantages in several areas:<br />

• High frequency fundamentals – When choosing a <strong>TriQuint</strong> oscillator,<br />

the system designer has an opportunity to simplify system design<br />

to minimize multiplication circuitry, associated gain and filtering<br />

stages typical in many system architectures. As a result of lower<br />

multiplication factors, systems will benefit from:<br />

- Improved noise floors<br />

- Better power consumption<br />

- Lower system cost<br />

- Improved phase noise curves<br />

- Smaller size<br />

Quartz<br />

BAW<br />

Q <strong>SAW</strong><br />

Resonator Comparison<br />

<strong>STW</strong><br />

Ceramic Resonators<br />

Frequency<br />

LC<br />

Dielectric Resonators<br />

• Superior noise floor – The superior noise floor is obtained by using<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> high-performance resonators that leverage the surface<br />

wave advantages over traditional oscillator technology. Higher<br />

frequency oscillators have better noise floors than the traditional<br />

multiplied up lower frequency oscillators. This is due to the lack of<br />

phase noise degradation from multiplication, lack of conversion<br />

loss that must be made up with more gain and associated noise<br />

figure, as well a high power handling that allows for a better carrier<br />

to noise ratio.<br />

• Modular standard product platforms – <strong>TriQuint</strong> has multiple<br />

product families that have the ability to scale to different frequencies<br />

with very minimal development effort. In addition, since <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s<br />

standard loop oscillators are based on modular circuit functions, the<br />

standard products can support various performance enhancements<br />

in the areas of phase noise, noise floor, g-sensitivity, output power<br />

and signal type (ECL / sine wave). The result is flexibility to support<br />

customer needs in a standard product format.<br />

• Exceptional g-sensitivity is inherent in the resonator technology used.<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.2


The Enabling Technology of <strong>TriQuint</strong> <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong>’s mature <strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> technology has allowed<br />

highly desirable oscillator performance to become readily<br />

available. Key advantages of <strong>TriQuint</strong> oscillators are:<br />

• Higher frequency operation (over 2 GHz possible)<br />

• Lower residual noise resonators allow for improved<br />

oscillator phase noise<br />

• Improved power handling capability allows for<br />

improved noise floors and higher RF output powers<br />

• Exceptional g-sensitivity performance results in<br />

oscillator relatively immune to microphonics<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong>’s <strong>STW</strong> technology is mature, production ready and<br />

is a preferred choice on multiple major military programs.<br />

Vibration Sensitivity<br />

Equation 1 provides a means of determining the<br />

vibration sensitivity of an oscillator by measuring the<br />

ratio of the power in the sidebands to the power in the<br />

carrier when the oscillator is subjected to a sinusoidal<br />

vibration, (1) where f v is the vibration frequency, f 0 is<br />

the carrier frequency, a i is the vibration level in g’s,<br />

and is the single sideband-to-carrier power ratio.<br />

For random vibration, Equation 1 becomes Equation<br />

2 where G is the acceleration spectral density<br />

level in g 2 /Hz. The vibrational environment of the<br />

oscillator is usually specified in each of three mutually<br />

perpendicular axes. Vibration profiles typical of most<br />

military environments are specified in MIL-STD-883<br />

Method 2026.<br />

Graph 1 shows data measured in a direction<br />

perpendicular to the plane of propagation for <strong>STW</strong><br />

oscillators. As can be seen, extremely low values<br />

of g-sensitivity can be achieved with a trade-off<br />

in production yield and cost. <strong>TriQuint</strong> routinely<br />

manufactures oscillators as low as 5x10 -10/g . Through<br />

continuing production and development efforts,<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> intends to further push the state-of-the-art for<br />

this important parameter.<br />

Number of <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

Image Courtesy of Lockheed Martin<br />

Equation 1<br />

g-Sensitivity Performance<br />

Equation 2<br />

Graph 1. Distribution of Performance g-Sensitivity of <strong>STW</strong> <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.3


2X .150<br />

4X .1025<br />

Standard Military Fixed Frequency <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong>’s family of hybrid Fixed Frequency <strong>Oscillators</strong> (FFOs) is designed to<br />

achieve high performance at lower cost. Offered in operating frequencies<br />

from below 300 to above 1000 MHz, standard <strong>SAW</strong> FFOs are designed for<br />

military and space applications. Standard <strong>STW</strong> FFOs are available from<br />

500 to 1600 MHz and up.<br />

Advantages:<br />

• Quartz frequency stability<br />

• Excellent spectral purity and phase noise performance guaranteed<br />

• Low vibration sensitivity versions available<br />

• High endurance<br />

• Rugged, hermetic metal package<br />

• Off-the-shelf availability<br />

Standard Military FFO Phase Noise Performance at 750 MHz<br />

4X Ø.018<br />

±.002<br />

.498<br />

±.020<br />

.870 ±.020<br />

.600<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

.300<br />

4-Pin Version of 14-Pin DIP<br />

Package Style H<br />

.180<br />

MIN.<br />

.530<br />

MAX.<br />

8X Ø.018<br />

4X .090<br />

MIN.<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

.150<br />

.650 .350<br />

1.0” Flatpack<br />

Package PIN 710343<br />

Partial Freqeuncy Lisiting – <strong>SAW</strong><br />

Center Frequency<br />

(MHz)<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.4<br />

Package<br />

300 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

400 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

540 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

650 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

750 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

800 0.5”x1.0” Flatpack<br />

Partial Freqeuncy Lisiting – <strong>STW</strong><br />

Center Frequency<br />

(MHz)<br />

1.015<br />

.210<br />

MAX. MAX.<br />

.210<br />

.245<br />

.245<br />

1.500<br />

±.020<br />

1.300<br />

.900<br />

2X .150<br />

.800 1.000<br />

4X ±.020 .1025<br />

4X Ø.018<br />

±.002<br />

1.085<br />

.498 MAX.<br />

±.020<br />

Package<br />

500 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

650 0.5”x1.0” Flatpack<br />

720 MAX.<br />

*<br />

750 1.515 .180<br />

8X Ø.018<br />

MAX. MIN.<br />

* .183<br />

MAX.<br />

960 .153 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

.015<br />

±.003<br />

1000 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

1030 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

.870 ±.020<br />

.600 1090 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

1160 4 / 14 PIN DIP<br />

1200 .300<br />

*<br />

1280 *<br />

.50<br />

1300 MAX.<br />

*<br />

* Existing resonator frequency.<br />

.100 + .005<br />

TYP.<br />

.072<br />

±.008<br />

.150<br />

.650<br />

1.500<br />

±.020<br />

1.300<br />

.900<br />

.350<br />

.010<br />

±.002<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

.800<br />

.245<br />

.245<br />

1.000<br />

±.020


Standard Military FFO Specifications<br />

Parameters Specifications<br />

Center Frequency<br />

RF Output Power<br />

at +25°C (65 mA max.)<br />

at +25°C (65 mA max.)<br />

280 -<br />

500 MHz<br />

500 -<br />

750 MHz<br />

+10 dBm Nominal<br />

+3 dBm Nominal<br />

750 -<br />

1000 MHz<br />

1000 -<br />

1400 MHz<br />

+10 dBm Nominal<br />

Variation of RF Output Power w/Temperature +8 to +13 dBm or 0 to +5 dBm +8 to +13 dBm Only<br />

Frequency Set Accuracy<br />

(+25°C)<br />

Frequency vs. Temperature<br />

Stability -55° to +85°C<br />

Frequency Pulling<br />

Load VSWR ≤ 1.5:1 at All Angles<br />

Spurious Output Attenuation<br />

Harmonic Spurious<br />

at 2 f 0<br />

at ≥ 3 f 0<br />

Non-Harmonic Spurious<br />

Exclusive of Supply Ripple<br />

Maximum SSB Phase Noise Level<br />

at 10 Hz<br />

at 100 Hz<br />

at 1 kHz<br />

at 10 kHz<br />

at 100 kHz<br />

at 1 MHz<br />

g-Sensitivity (f V < 2 KHz)<br />

<strong>SAW</strong> FFO<br />

<strong>STW</strong> FFO<br />

Power Supply<br />

RF = +12 to +14 dBm<br />

RF = +3 dBm<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-40<br />

-70<br />

-95<br />

-125<br />

-150<br />

-160<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-40<br />

-70<br />

-95<br />

-125<br />

-150<br />

-160<br />

± 50 ppm Standard<br />

≤ 250 ppm (<strong>SAW</strong>) ≤ 420 ppm (<strong>STW</strong>)<br />

≤ 30 ppm<br />

-15 dBc max.<br />

-30 dBc max.<br />

-60 dBc max.<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-35<br />

-65<br />

-90<br />

-115<br />

-140<br />

-160<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-30<br />

-60<br />

-85<br />

-110<br />

-140<br />

-160<br />

2 x 10 -8 /g to 1 x 10 -8 /g, Depending on Frequency<br />

1 x 10 -9 /g to 5 x 10 -10 /g, Depending on Frequency<br />

Operating Temperature Range -55° to +85°C<br />

Variations on performance are available upon request. Contact <strong>TriQuint</strong> with your application.<br />

Absolute Maximum Ratings<br />

DC Supply, Vcc<br />

RF = +12 to +14 dBm 0 to +13 VDC<br />

RF = 3 dBm 0 to +17 VDC<br />

Load VSWR Infinity<br />

Ambient Temperature<br />

Voltage<br />

+12 VDC ± 5%<br />

+12 or +15 VDC ± 5% (specify)<br />

Current<br />

65 mA max.<br />

25 mA max.<br />

Powered -55° to +95°C<br />

Storage -55° to +105°C<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.5<br />

1400 -<br />

1800 MHz<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-25<br />

-55<br />

-80<br />

-105<br />

-135<br />

-155


8X Ø.018<br />

.150<br />

.650<br />

8X 1.500 Ø.018<br />

±.020<br />

1.300<br />

.900<br />

.150<br />

.350.650<br />

Standard Military Voltage Controlled <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong>’s family of hybrid Voltage Controlled <strong>Oscillators</strong> (VCO) is designed<br />

for high performance at lower cost. Offered in operating frequencies from<br />

300 MHz to 2 GHz, these standard <strong>SAW</strong> VCOs are designed for military<br />

and space applications. Standard <strong>STW</strong> VCOs are available from 500 to<br />

1600 MHz and up. Sine wave and ECL outputs are available.<br />

Advantages:<br />

• Quartz frequency stability<br />

• Excellent spectral purity and phase noise performance guaranteed<br />

over the voltage tuning range<br />

• Excellent tuning linearity<br />

• Onboard voltage regulation<br />

• Low vibration sensitivity versions available<br />

• High endurance<br />

• Rugged, hermetic metal package<br />

Standard Military VCO Phase Noise Performance at 500 MHz<br />

1.500<br />

±.020<br />

1.300<br />

.900<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

.800<br />

.350<br />

.150<br />

.650<br />

.245<br />

.245<br />

1.500<br />

±.020<br />

1.300<br />

.900<br />

1.000<br />

±.020<br />

.350<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

.800<br />

.245<br />

.245<br />

.210<br />

MAX.<br />

1.000<br />

±.020<br />

.800<br />

.245<br />

.245<br />

1.085<br />

MAX.<br />

1.000<br />

±.020<br />

1.5” DIP<br />

Package Style 710232<br />

1.085<br />

MAX.<br />

1.515<br />

MAX.<br />

.015<br />

±.003<br />

1.085<br />

MAX.<br />

1.515<br />

MAX.<br />

.015<br />

±.003<br />

.100 + .005<br />

.1531.515<br />

TYP. MAX.<br />

.015<br />

±.003<br />

.50<br />

MAX.<br />

.100 + .005<br />

.153<br />

TYP.<br />

.50<br />

MAX.<br />

.183<br />

MAX.<br />

.072<br />

±.008<br />

.153<br />

TYP.<br />

.50<br />

MAX.<br />

.100 + .005 1.5” DIP<br />

Package Style 710320<br />

Partial Freqeuncy Lisiting – <strong>SAW</strong><br />

Center<br />

Frequency<br />

(MHz)<br />

Nominal Tuning<br />

Bandwidth<br />

(ppm)<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.6<br />

.183<br />

MAX.<br />

.072<br />

±.008<br />

.010<br />

±.002<br />

.183<br />

MAX.<br />

.072<br />

±.008<br />

Package<br />

(DIP)<br />

300 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

311 900 1.0”x1.5”<br />

320 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

400 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

430 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

455 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

500 500 1.0”x1.5”<br />

530 500 1.0”x1.5”<br />

572 650 1.0”x1.5”<br />

600 500 1.0”x1.5”<br />

640 550 1.0”x1.5”<br />

700 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

800 450 1.0”x1.5”<br />

Upon request, standard military VCOs can be purchased with ECL output.<br />

Partial Freqeuncy Lisiting – <strong>STW</strong><br />

.010<br />

±.002<br />

Center<br />

Frequency<br />

(MHz)<br />

Nominal Tuning<br />

Bandwidth<br />

(ppm)<br />

Package<br />

(DIP)<br />

1000 500 1.0”x1.5”<br />

1080 800 1.0”x1.5”<br />

1280 600 1.0”x1.5”<br />

* Existing resonator frequency.<br />

.010<br />

±.002


Standard Military VCO Specifications<br />

Parameters Specifications<br />

Center Frequency<br />

300 -<br />

500 MHz<br />

500 -<br />

700 MHz<br />

700 -<br />

900 MHz<br />

900 -<br />

1200 MHz<br />

1200 -<br />

1500 MHz<br />

Frequency Tuning Range Sufficient to maintain center for all operating conditions.<br />

Tuning Control Voltage +2 to +12 VDC<br />

RF Output Power at f 0<br />

Nominal at Room Temperature, 50Ω<br />

Variation for All Conditions<br />

Variation for Temperature Only<br />

Spurious Output Attenuation<br />

Harmonic Spurious<br />

at 2 f 0<br />

at ≥ 3 f 0<br />

Non-Harmonic Spurious at Max. Spec. Supply Ripple<br />

Maximum SSB Phase Noise Level<br />

at 10 Hz<br />

at 100 Hz<br />

at 1 kHz<br />

at 10 kHz<br />

at 100 kHz<br />

at 1 MHz<br />

Operating Load VSWR<br />

(Referenced to 50Ω Nominal)<br />

DC Power Supply<br />

Operating Voltage<br />

Operating Current<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-50<br />

-80<br />

-105<br />

-130<br />

-150<br />

-160<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

70 mA max.<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-45<br />

-75<br />

-100<br />

-125<br />

-150<br />

-160<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

65 mA max.<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-40<br />

-70<br />

-95<br />

-125<br />

-150<br />

-160<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

65 mA max.<br />

+10 dBm nominal<br />

+8 to +13 dBm<br />

4 dB max.<br />

-20 dBc max.<br />

-30 dBc max.<br />

-60 dBc max.<br />

1.5:1 max.<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-35<br />

-65<br />

-90<br />

-120<br />

-145<br />

-160<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

65 mA max.<br />

Voltage Frequency Pushing < 1 ppm / Volt<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-30<br />

-60<br />

-85<br />

-115<br />

-140<br />

-160<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

65 mA max.<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.7<br />

1500 -<br />

2000 MHz<br />

dBc / Hz<br />

-25<br />

-55<br />

-85<br />

-110<br />

-130<br />

-150<br />

15 Volts ± 10%<br />

70 mA max.<br />

Tuning Range (Typical) 450 ppm 500 ppm 400 ppm 500 ppm 500 ppm 800 ppm<br />

Tuning Slope Variation<br />

Modulation Rate<br />

4.0:1 max.<br />

2.5:1 typical<br />

200 kHz min.<br />

300 kHz typical<br />

Operation Temperature Range -55° to +85°C<br />

M.T.B.F. (MIL-STD 217-D, AIC) > 229,000 hours<br />

Variations on performance are available upon request. Contact <strong>TriQuint</strong> with your application.<br />

Absolute Maximum Ratings<br />

DC Supply Voltage Vcc, Pin 4 Consult factory<br />

* Tuning Voltage VT, Pin 6 0 to +15 VDC<br />

Load VSWR Infinity<br />

Ambient Temperature<br />

* Polarity reversal will result in damage.<br />

Variations on performance are available upon request. Contact <strong>TriQuint</strong> with your application.<br />

Powered -55° to +95°C<br />

Storage -55° to +105°C


Custom <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> oscillators are available in a variety of hermetic<br />

custom packages, incorporating custom features such as<br />

high ripple rejection/low noise voltage regulators and SMA<br />

or GPO connectors. Please contact the factory to discuss your<br />

custom requirements.<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> standard military oscillators are available in high<br />

performance versions (up to around 1500 MHz), with phase<br />

noise approximately 10 dB better than the standard version at<br />

all offsets. For even higher performance, we can use higher<br />

Q resonators, which result in even better close in phase noise<br />

and a noise floor intercept at a much lower offset frequency.<br />

These types of parts have to be ovenized, or used over a<br />

greatly reduced temperature range.<br />

Hi Performance<br />

HiQ Resonator<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.8


Custom Oscillator Capability<br />

<strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor offers a wide standard line of oscillator products as described on the preceding pages, but we also understand<br />

that not all applications can be met by an off-the-shelf approach. Custom design is <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s greatest strength. Our capabilities range<br />

from creating custom hermetic oscillator packages with SMA or GPO connectors to developing non-hermetic aluminum housings<br />

that employ bolted connectors. Customization options also include oversized parts that deliver enhanced frequency stability over<br />

temperature and oscillators with built-in test capabilities and dual or frequency-multiplied outputs. <strong>TriQuint</strong> specializes in meeting the<br />

stringent requirements of the most extreme operational conditions through custom designs. Please use the following table as a guide<br />

in understanding the range of solutions <strong>TriQuint</strong> offers, then contact a representative to arrange an engineering technical conference<br />

to explore custom solutions tailored to your individual oscillator needs.<br />

Parameters<br />

Fundamental Center Frequency<br />

(Doubled and Multiple Outputs Available)<br />

Temperature Ranges (Custom Available)<br />

Range 1<br />

Range 2<br />

Range 3<br />

Range 4<br />

Frequency Versus Temperature<br />

Range 1<br />

Range 2<br />

Range 3<br />

Range 4<br />

Set Tolerance* at 25°C<br />

Output Power<br />

Output Power Stability<br />

Range 1<br />

Range 2<br />

Range 3<br />

Range 4<br />

Frequency Versus Load Pulling<br />

Hybrid Voltage<br />

Controlled <strong>SAW</strong> /<br />

<strong>STW</strong> Oscillator<br />

High-Performance<br />

<strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong><br />

Oscillator<br />

Hybrid Fixed<br />

Frequency <strong>SAW</strong> /<br />

<strong>STW</strong> Oscillator<br />

200 to 2000 MHz 100 to 1000 MHz 300 to 1800 MHz<br />

0° to +70°C<br />

-40° to +85°C<br />

-55° to +95°C<br />

-55° to +125°C<br />

< 80 ppm<br />

≤ 210 ppm<br />

≤ 285 ppm<br />

< 285 ppm<br />

Externally Correctable<br />

to < +1 ppm<br />

0 to +12 dBm<br />

(Custom: Up to +23 dBm)<br />

1.0 dB<br />

2.0 dB<br />

2.5 dB<br />

3.0 dB<br />

≤ ± 15 ppm<br />

VSWR ≤ 1.5:1<br />

0° to +70°C 0° to +70°C<br />

-40° to +85°C<br />

-55° to +95°C<br />

-55° to +125°C<br />

< 80 ppm < 80 ppm<br />

< 210 ppm<br />

< 285 ppm<br />

< 285 ppm<br />

* Custom Correctable<br />

to < +1 ppm<br />

0 to +23 dBm<br />

(Custom: Up to +30 dBm)<br />

1.0 dB<br />

2.0 dB<br />

≤ ± ppm<br />

VSWR ≤ 1.5:1<br />

± 50 ppm<br />

-10 to +2 dBm<br />

(Custom: Up to +25 dBm)<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.9<br />

1.0 dB<br />

2.0 dB<br />

2.5 dB<br />

3.0 dB<br />

≤ ± 15 ppm<br />

VSWR ≤ 1.5:1<br />

Harmonic Attenuation < -20 to -50 dBc < -30 to -50 dBc < -30 to -50 dBc<br />

Sub-Harmonic (Doubled Units Only) < -20 dBc < -30 dBc < -20 dBc<br />

Spurious Attenuation < -60 dBc < -85 dBc < -60 dBc<br />

Power Consumption<br />

Phase Noise Performance<br />

at 10 Hz<br />

at 100 Hz<br />

at 1 kHz<br />

at 10 kHz<br />

at 100 kHz<br />

> 1 MHz<br />

+12 VDC, +15 DVC<br />

at 40 to 85 mA Max.<br />

-35 to -60 dBc/Hz<br />

-65 to -90 dBc/Hz<br />

-95 to -120 dBc/Hz<br />

-115 to -140 dBc/Hz<br />

-135 to -160 dBc/Hz<br />

-155 to -170 dBc/Hz<br />

+15 VDC, +25 DVC<br />

at 500 mA Max.<br />

-65 to -75 dBc/Hz<br />

-95 to -107 dBc/Hz<br />

-125 to -137 dBc/Hz<br />

-155 to -165 dBc/Hz<br />

-160 to -175 dBc/Hz<br />

-168 to -180 dBc/Hz<br />

Response Slope Positive < 4:1<br />

Turning Voltage (Typical) +2 to +12 VDC<br />

+8 VDC, +12 VDC, +15 DVC<br />

at 30 mA Max.<br />

-30 to -60 dBc/Hz<br />

-60 to -90 dBc/Hz<br />

-90 to -120 dBc/Hz<br />

-110 to -140 dBc/Hz<br />

-130 to -160 dBc/Hz<br />

-155 to -165 dBc/Hz<br />

Frequency Shift (Typical) Sufficient to maintain center for all operating conditions with voltage control option.<br />

Linearity (Typical) ±35% ±25% ±35%<br />

This table is intended as a reference of general capabilities. Contact <strong>TriQuint</strong> about your custom application and to discuss available packaging.


How to Specify <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

The following is intended to be a guide in assisting our customers in<br />

specifying an oscillator to meet their requirements. This guide describes<br />

some major considerations and is not intended to be all-inclusive, nor<br />

does it suggest that each parameter described be specified for every<br />

application. As always, please feel free to contact one of <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s<br />

oscillator design engineers for assistance.<br />

Center Frequency<br />

The most fundamental parameter for an oscillator is of course its center<br />

frequency. As you review this brochure you will find that <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s<br />

standard units are presented in product families consisting of Fixed<br />

Frequency <strong>Oscillators</strong> (FFO) and Voltage Controlled <strong>Oscillators</strong> (VCO). A<br />

useful frequency range is defined for each family for both its FFO and<br />

its VCO unit. This range signifies that given an appropriate resonator<br />

within the range, an oscillator can be designed and produced. Our<br />

customers have two options:<br />

1. Pick an existing frequency from the appropriate “Partial Frequency<br />

Listing” tables. Note that when an oscillator part number is not<br />

shown in a table, this signifies that there is an existing resonator<br />

which is appropriate for the family and type under consideration.<br />

When a part number is given in a table, this signifies the existence<br />

of an established oscillator.<br />

2. Our customers can specify a custom frequency.<br />

Frequency Budget<br />

In the case of specifying VCOs, a frequency budget must be considered.<br />

<strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> resonators have bandwidths ranging from several hundred<br />

parts per million (ppm) to as much as 1000 ppm. The resonator<br />

bandwidth chosen must accommodate the oscillator’s ability to tune<br />

back to its center frequency over specified conditions. Since there is<br />

a tradeoff in phase noise performance and resonator bandwidth, an<br />

oscillator designer typically chooses a bandwidth sufficient to tune<br />

the oscillator over specified conditions, but not excessively wide. The<br />

following are the components of a typical frequency budget, some of<br />

which are included in a specification:<br />

• Operating temperature range – <strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> oscillators exhibit a<br />

parabolic frequency versus temperature characteristic as shown in<br />

the figure below. <strong>STW</strong> devices have a similar characteristic but<br />

with a steeper slope on the parabola. This is by far the largest<br />

frequency budget component.<br />

• Aging – <strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> oscillators experience an exponential aging<br />

characteristic where the majority of aging occurs at the start of life<br />

and then approaches an assymptote.<br />

• Voltage pushing – This is a frequency shift caused by supply<br />

voltage shifts and ripple. Power supply characteristics should be<br />

included in a specification.<br />

• Load pulling – This is a frequency shift caused by VSWR interactions<br />

between the oscillator and its load. Load characteristics are<br />

included in some specifications expressed as a VSWR circle<br />

(magnitude and phase).<br />

• Set-on accuracy – This parameter represents the remainder of<br />

tuning bandwidth after the above have been considered. This<br />

number directly affects resonator yield but recall that adding<br />

bandwidth can some times jeopardize phase noise.<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.10<br />

+20<br />

0<br />

-20<br />

-40<br />

-60<br />

-80<br />

-100<br />

-120<br />

-140<br />

F = Frequency Deviation (Hz)<br />

F = Center Frequency (MHz)<br />

T = Temperature (ºC)<br />

To = Turnover Temperature<br />

(25ºC Nominal)<br />

2<br />

F T-To<br />

= - ppm<br />

F 5.4<br />

-50 -30 -10 +10 +30 +50 +70 +90<br />

Temperature (ºC)<br />

NOTE:<br />

Other turnover temperatures can be achieved for a<br />

given operating temperature range by choosing a<br />

different cut angle of quartz.<br />

Frequency Versus Temperature Curve


How to Specify <strong>Oscillators</strong><br />

Phase Noise / Jitter<br />

Phase noise is a measure of an oscillators spectral purity in an<br />

extremely short-term sense. Low frequency and thermal noise in a<br />

bandwidth determined by the resonator is integrated and causes<br />

small random carrier fluctuations. The resultant envelope of AM<br />

and PM sidebands is the phase noise skirt which is specified in<br />

terms of both an offset from the carrier and a dBc level in a 1 Hz<br />

bandwidth. AM sidebands are typically well below PM sidebands<br />

and as a result, PM noise is typically specified. The noise floor of<br />

the signal turns up into the phase noise skirt at an offset governed<br />

by resonator characteristics. In digital systems an emphasis is<br />

placed upon the time domain version of phase noise referred to as<br />

jitter. Jitter describes the fluctuations from ideality of a clock signal<br />

triggering edge in time (typically pSecs RMS).<br />

Typical phase noise curves for <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s standard product families<br />

are given in the appropriate sections. Ultra-low phase noise can<br />

be obtained on custom high-performance units. These highperformance<br />

units require specialized resonator and amplifier<br />

designs. Please contact <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s oscillator design engineers for<br />

more information.<br />

Dynamic Phase Noise / Microphonics<br />

For those customers that need good phase noise in challenging<br />

dynamic environments, <strong>TriQuint</strong> offers low g-sensitivity units as<br />

previously discussed. <strong>TriQuint</strong> routinely assists customers in<br />

determining an appropriate specification. Typically a plot of the<br />

vibration spectrum and a dynamic phase noise skirt description<br />

is needed to accurately determine the g-sensitivity specification.<br />

Please contact <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s oscillator design team for assistance.<br />

Harmonics<br />

<strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong> oscillators do generate harmonics. Second and third<br />

harmonics are generally specified in terms of dBc. The majority<br />

of <strong>TriQuint</strong>’s oscillator generate frequencies fundamentally without<br />

the need for multiplication. As a result, fundamental oscillators<br />

have no subharmonics.<br />

Non-Harmonic Spurious<br />

There are no intrinsic generators of spurious in <strong>SAW</strong> / <strong>STW</strong><br />

oscillators; however, power supply ripple will induce cause<br />

spurious. As a result, it is necessary for our customers to specify<br />

the magnitude as well as the spectrum of supply ripple. This is<br />

particularly true for customers using switching power supplies.<br />

After review of a customer’s specification, <strong>TriQuint</strong> engineers can<br />

then advise them of the level of spurious that will be generated. In<br />

addition, <strong>TriQuint</strong> can guide customers towards models that have<br />

on-board regulation or can address custom designs.<br />

For Pricing Information<br />

Call <strong>TriQuint</strong> at 407-886-8860 for specifications or to place your<br />

order for any of the standard oscillators in the listing. However,<br />

if your requirements call for an oscillator between the operating<br />

frequencies of the standard parts or with custom requirements,<br />

please contact our oscillator engineering department.<br />

To the best of our knowledge, this information was correct at<br />

the time of printing. <strong>TriQuint</strong> reserves the right to modify these<br />

specifications when necessary to provide optimum performance<br />

and cost.<br />

Connecting the Digital World to the Global Network ®<br />

| www.triquint.com | © 9-12 <strong>TriQuint</strong> Semiconductor, Inc. | p.11


CONNECT WITH TRIQUINT.<br />

Phone: +1.407.886.8860<br />

Email: info-defense@tqs.com<br />

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Image Courtesy Jamie Hunter / Aviacom<br />

Connecting the Digital World<br />

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