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CONTENTS OLD AND NEW SPELLINGS OF TRIBAL NAMES 1.0 INTRODUCTION (quotations from various international publications) 1.1 CHINS or KUKIS 1.2 KUKI 1.3 CHINS 1.4 MIZOS, also called LUSHAI, or LUSEI 1.5 KUKI-CHIN-VÖLKER [Kuki-Chin-Peoples] 1.6 THE CHINS 1.7 THE TERM “CHIN“ IS IMPRECISE 1.8 CHIN-HILL-TRIBAL PEOPLE 1.9 CHINS 1.10 THE CHINS 2.0 GEOGRAPHY 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 CLIMATE 2.3. VEGETATION 3. ADMINISTRATION 4. POPULATIONS 5. LANGUAGE 6. EDUCATION & HEALTH 7.0 ECONOMY 2.3.1 Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests (IM0109) 2.3.2 Mizoram-Manipur-Kachin Rain Forests (IM0131) 2.3.3 Naga-Manipuri-Chin Hills Moist Forests (34) 2.3.4 Northeast India-Myanmar Pine Forests (IM0303) 7.1 AGRICULTURE 7.2 FOREST PRODUCTS 7.3 MINES AND MINERALS 7.4 HANDLOOMS AND HANDICRAFT 7.5 TOURISM 7.6 ENERGY SECTOR 8.0 INFRASTRUCTURE 8.1 ROADS 8.2 AIR SERVICES 8.3 RAILWAYS 8.4 WATER WAYS 9.0 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AT THE TIME OF BRITISH ARRIVAL 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9.2 THE COUNTRY AND THE PEOPLE xii
9.2.1 Physical Characteristics 9.2.2 Origin of the Chins 9.2.3 Classification of Tribes in the Chin Hills 9.2.4 System of Administration 9.2.5 Boundaries 9.3 EARLY DEALINGS WITH THE CHINS AND LUSHAIS 9.3.1 The Chittagong Border 9.3.2 The Tipperah Border 9.3.3 The Assam Border 9.3.4 THE LUSHAI EXPEDITION (1871-72) 9.3.5 The Arakan Hill Tracts 9.3.6 The Manipur Border 9.4 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE CHINS AND UPPER BURMA 9.4.1 The Kabaw Valley 9.4.2 The Kale Valley 9.4.3 The Yaw Country 9.5 NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE CHINS 9.5.1 Negotiations with the Siyins 9.5.2 Negotiations with the Tashons 9.5.3 Attempted Negotiations with Yokwas and Hakas[and Soktes and Kanhows] 9.6 EVENTS WHICH LED TO THE FIRST CHIN EXPEDITION(1888-89) 9.6.1 Combination between the Tashons and Shwe Gyo Byu Prince 9.6.2 Renewal of raids in Kale and Yaw 9.6.3 Preparations for operations against the Siyins 9.6.4 Commencement of the operations 9.6.5 Advance into the hills 9.6.6 Encounter with Siyins 9.6.7 Destruction of Koset and occupation of Toklaing 9.6.8 Destruction of Siyin villages 9.6.9 Dealings with the Soktes and occupation of Tiddim 9.6.10 Renewal of Negotiations with the Tashons 9.6.11 Actions at Tartan 9.6.12 Arrangements after the close of expedition 9.6.13 Events in the Yaw country 9.7 THE CHIN-LUSHAI EXPEDITION(1889-90) 9.7.1 Introduction 9.7.2 Negotiations during the rains 9.7.3 Proclamation to the Tashons 9.7.4 Organization and Objects of the Expedition 9.8. HISTORY OF THE LAIS(HAKAS, KLANGLANGS, YOKWAS, KAPI AND THETTAS) 9.8.1 ORIGIN OF THE LAIS 9.8.2 Legendary information of Lai communities 9.8.3 Distribution of territories xiii
Page 1 and 2: THE ZO PEOPLE OF BANGLADESH, BURMA
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT Those who are known to the
Page 5 and 6: 'eerE ufl.lc jo dBW (I I0! 986 tL6
Page 7 and 8: BRIEF DESCRIPTION AND EXPLANATION O
Page 9 and 10: ON CHIN/ZO SOLDIERS AND BURMA THE B
Page 11: NOTES As the subjects mentioned bel
Page 15 and 16: 9.13.3 Suzerainty of the Tashons an
Page 17 and 18: 17.0 PEOPLE 16.2 OUTBREAK OF THE CI
Page 19 and 20: 20.4.4 TOBACCO CULTIVATION 20.4.5 C
Page 21 and 22: TABLE 17/A Female Lines in the Mang
Page 23 and 24: SOME OLD AND NEW SPELLINGS OF TRIBA
Page 25 and 26: 2 following terms: Asho, Sho/Cho, L
Page 27 and 28: 4 estimate that there were 350,000
Page 29 and 30: 6 29°C. Since Chin State has sever
Page 31 and 32: 8 which is broadcast daily from Ran
Page 33 and 34: 10 establishment of tourist's huts
Page 35 and 36: 12 ‘Still further westward in the
Page 37 and 38: 14 southern villages are dealth fro
Page 39 and 40: 16 1871-72 country during the ensui
Page 41 and 42: 18 Sootie[Sokete] and Loosai[Lushai
Page 43 and 44: 20 hostility. Captain Raikes arrive
Page 45 and 46: 22 9.5.3 Attempted Negotiations wit
Page 47 and 48: 24 numbers, using many rifles and a
Page 49 and 50: 26 from Pakokku, and, after some sh
Page 51 and 52: 28 Nyerlon, and the younger branche
Page 53 and 54: 30 300 guns; the actual losses of t
Page 55 and 56: 32 Burma. Thetta was the chief offe
Page 57 and 58: 34 marching to Haka. As neither Fal
Page 59 and 60: 36 [Limkhai] where it was joined by
Page 61 and 62: 38 submission and friendship to the
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40 that the open season was at hand
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42 the entire operation, and to the
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44 convince the Chiefs of the futil
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46 tributary to Falam. The people t
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48 commanded by Major Keary, D.S.O.
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50 9.19.9 Tour in the Nwengal count
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52 To assist him, each Chief appoin
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54 impossible, they could more than
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56 Getting Water the water-supply.
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58 12.2 BOWS AND ARROWS Bows and ar
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60 found the exact size and shape o
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62 13.3 ARMED RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS
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64 administrative head at the Chin-
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66 neighbouring foreigners. Again,
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68 public, any legislation may be a
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70 14.4.4. [4] THE TERRITORY OF CHI
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72 In the sands of time testify To
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74 I “We solemnly affirm and reso
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76 made into Kaya State, were de ju
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78 WITH COLLEAGUE AUNG SAN “...Co
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80 Besides the formal meetings, man
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82 3. Hon‘ble Sao Sam Htun, Shan
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84 6. Hon‘ble Mahn Win Maung, Min
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86 Burman soldiers to fight on the
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88 the cause of some Zo tribes, but
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90 were their tongues, which poured
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92 convincing. According to Lehman
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94 “dialects“ of the rest 10 tr
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96 found the inhabitants divided in
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98 ledgement). My mother and I are
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100 researcher or an outsider. Howe
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102 third or fourth child is and so
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104 17.8.3. TOWARDS ZO UNIFICATION
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106 rich language to become an effe
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108 Whatever the differences in the
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110 (Modification) Order, 1956 has
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112 him that the community, which c
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114 and there is no clinching evide
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116 women although there are a numb
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118 It is also theorized that socia
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120 1967 made an attempt to abolish
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122 18.0 RELIGION 18.1 Ancient Reli
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124 with down-cast eyes. Then Pasia
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126 Magazine(1968/1969), pp. 122-13
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128 from the USA arriving at Rangoo
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130 (6) Dr. J. G. Woodin … … No
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132 18.3.8 Zones and Parishes Zones
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134 gathering(see PHOTOS 11-A & 11-
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136 intimate friends. One may compo
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138 although the songs may have bee
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140 British annexation, as it had a
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142 own share is usually just a cup
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144 tions. Except in the far south
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146 the Chin axe is superior to our
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148 20.4.6 SMOKING The Thado and So
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150 and much of which, instead of a
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152 Muslims, Chins, Kachins, Karens
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154 PHOTO AND MAP CREDITS Map 1 (Fr
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156 Sungh te address form used by a
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158 * Member of Committee for Resto
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HOW THE ZO PEOPLE IN TIDDIM & TONZA
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-----------------------------------
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THEORIES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE SAILO
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the Sizangs are called “Sihzang P
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APPENDIX A-2 LOPHEI KHUA, PU KIM LE
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Pa dawi ah thi ahi manh ka ci ka la
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Imphal, Nov 1, 2008 APPENDIX B CHIE
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as something of a model state and r
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the forces numbering 800 men, the T
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APPENDIX G THU KHUPNA LA A-KAI(SLOW
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APPENDIX H
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APPENDIX I Date of Origination, Fre
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Date of Orieination, Frequency and
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APPENDIX J TREES Ash Oak(several va
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Bulbul(ordinary red-vented and gree
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APPENDIX K Conclusion “Thukhupna
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ffiw ffi 'i*;r*''ffruE *riir'f i; n
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APPENDIX L VETERANS OF SIYIN CONTIN
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19. Hau Mong, killed in,action ai K
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L Phung taw iiam ngawl, ngai tow li
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51. Tuang Vum 52. Lam Khup killed i
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VII. THANG NUAI VETE NS As told to
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APPENDIX M-1 Subj: [ZOMIFLA] Nu Lua
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APPENDIX M-2 WE NEED KNOWLEDGE FOR
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authorities in 1940, is most reliab
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enough for us to see things in a pr
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Chins ever took place on that day.
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elements of the 4th Punjabis and 5t
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After briefly serving in the South
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Natal, but not far enough forward t
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and 1889), the Chin Lushai Expediti
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Lieut.-Colonel John Shakespear Born
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o -a---EEFEi ,l( EIEFEEE*'FFF t) cl
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JNiIIiIiftIUCV CNOACNVd IIHI -""E!!
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REPORT OF THE FRONTIER AREAS COMMIT
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CHIN COMMUNITY(GERMANY) APPENDIX S
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the Army Chief. Ne Win and his prot
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statue from the Arakan City or Mrau
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APPENDIX U-I 19TH CENTURY WARS AND
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APPENDIX U-2 INDIA & NWF First Myso
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1890 Lushai Expedition 1890[1889-92
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APPENDIX V FEASTING AND MEAT DTYIfI
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Ischd,. Bioileft (cb&,) A}}exNr < v
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A?PeN}'r,(V Dioisiov amans tlu Zalw
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flPe.l> i* v Khuang hau, Owaer of i
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i*PEt$i( ! anoW tlz Zakau Ckirc ol
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^t?ENS\x V Dioi*ion arnonq the Zaha
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klrEt>x v Diilirion amory the Zaha
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$tErsi
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Atrersi:4 v Ilbi*ion. anang ttz Zdw
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o z o- UJ Eli > = !4 ai "| d
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i CONTENTS Page PREFACE............
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iii LIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS 1. HAKA COO
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APPENDIX Y INDIA GENERAL SERVICE ME
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of a party of Tibetans who had esta
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the operations in the Chin Hills, r
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(http://www.militariamart.com/index
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MAJOR GENERAL TUANG ZA KHAI (Retire
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take defence positions behind the I
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village. Enemy strength was estimat
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:' .: t., .,t ::*' s. l ,l t' fF
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