Spring Conference 2011 - Society for General Microbiology

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Please note: Abstracts are published as received from the authors and are not subject to editing. 33 Spring Meeting 11–14 April 2011 Harrogate – www.sgmharrogate2011.org.uk SESSION AbSTrACTS ↑Contents HA05 Cont. including capsular conjugate vaccines using traditional carrier proteins such as tetanus toxoid and CrM197 as well as newly identified GBS-specific proteins; one or more GBS surface proteins; and mucosal vaccines have the potential to be successful vaccines. The capsular conjugate vaccines are the most advanced candidates. Changing the regulatory environment to allow the development of a vaccine for use in pregnancy would accelerate the development of this important prevention tool. Alternative strategies such as adolescent vaccination need further exploration. Group b streptococcus hypervirulence and meningeal tropism in neonates Asmaa Tazi1,2,3 , Olivier Disson4,5 , Samuel Bellais1,2 , Abdelouhab Bouaboud1,2 , isabelle Tardieux1,2 , Patrick Trieu-Cuot6 , MArC lECuiT4,5,7,† , Claire Poyart1,2,3,6,† 1 2 3 Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France; INSERM, U1016, Paris, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Bactériologie, Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France; 4Institut Pasteur, Groupe Micro-organismes et Barrières de l’Hôte, Paris, France; 5INSERM Avenir U604, Paris, France; 6Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Bactéries Pathogènes à Gram Positif, URA CNRS 2172, Paris, France; 7Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France † These authors contributed equally to this work Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus, GBS) is a normal constituent of the intestinal microflora and the major cause of human neonatal meningitis. A single clone, GBS ST-17, is strongly associated with a deadly form of the infection called late-Onset Disease (lOD), which is characterized by meningitis in infants after the first week of life. The pathophysiology of lOD remains poorly understood, but our epidemiological and histopathological results point to an oral route of infection. Here, we identify a novel ST-17-specific surface-anchored protein that we call HvgA, and demonstrate that its expression is required for GBS hypervirulence. GBS strains that express HvgA adhered more efficiently to intestinal epithelial cells, choroid plexus epithelial cells and microvascular endothelial cells that constitute the bloodbrain barrier (BBB), than did strains that do not express HvgA. Heterologous expression of HvgA in non-adhesive bacteria conferred the ability to adhere to intestinal barrier and BBB constituting cells. in orally inoculated mice, HvgA was required for intestinal colonization, and translocation across the intestinal barrier and the BBB, leading to meningitis. in conclusion, HvgA is a critical virulence trait of GBS in the neonatal context and stands as a promising target for the development of novel diagnostic and antibacterial strategies. Serogroup b meningococcal vaccines ray Borrow Vaccine Evaluation Unit, Health Protection Agency, Manchester Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis (MenB) is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis and septicaemia in most industrialised countries, due to the lack of a licensed, broad coverage vaccine. Two investigational vaccines are now progressing through trials. The first, termed 4CMenB, a recombinant vaccine, contains three antigens; Neisserial adhesion A (NadA), factor H binding protein (fHBP) and Neisserial heparin binding antigen (NHBA). These antigens have been formulated with outer membrane vesicles from the New Zealand epidemic strain. The immunogenicity of 4CMenB has been studied in a 2, 4, 6 month schedule in infants, showed good immunogenic against strains expressing homologous or related NadA and fHBP. Anamnestic responses were seen following a fourth dose at 12 months of age. responses were generally lower against strains expressing heterologous fHBP variants. 4CMenB clearly has the potential to protect infants from MenB disease. The potential coverage of this vaccine by both genotypic and phenotypic methodologies has been investigated in invasive disease isolates from epidemiological year 2007/8. The second investigational vaccine is a bivalent fHBP vaccine. This vaccine has successfully been through clinical studies in adults and adolescents, eliciting SBA activity in a high proportion of adults and adolescents. Vaccine antigen expression was found to be of importance for the SBA response. in conclusion, investigational vaccines are now progressing through clinical trials with hope of at least one reaching licensure in the near future. Offered paper Potential coverage of an investigational meningococcal group b vaccine in England and Wales JAMiE FiNDlOW1 , Stefanie Gilchrist1 , Danielle Thompson1 , Maria Stella2 , Giacomo Frosi2 , ray Borrow1 1 2 Vaccine Evaluation Unirt, Health Protection Agency, Manchester; Novartis Vaccines, Siena, Italy An investigational four component meningococcal group B vaccine (4CMenB) has proven safe and immunogenic in Phase i-iii trials. The vaccine contains three recombinant proteins; factor H binding protein (fHBP), Neisserial Heparin Binding Antigen (NHBA) and Neisserial adhesion A (NadA) formulated with Outer Membrane Vesicles containing the immunodominant PorA protein. Protection by 4CMenB depends upon antigen expression and cross-reactivity of induced antibody to antigen variants. Consequently, a meningococcal antigen s o c i e t y f o r g e n e r a l Microbiology
Please note: Abstracts are published as received from the authors and are not subject to editing. 34 Spring Meeting 11–14 April 2011 Harrogate – www.sgmharrogate2011.org.uk SESSION AbSTrACTS ↑Contents HA05 Cont. & HA06 typing system (MATS) was developed to predict whether 4CMenB covers individual isolates. As MenB currently accounts for ~90% of disease in England and Wales, we investigated the potential coverage of 4CMenB using MATS. All MenB case isolates received at the Health Protection Agency Meningococcal reference unit (n = 535) from the epidemiological year 2007/2008 were characterized genetically for PorA and phenotypically for recombinant antigens. We found that 63, 1, and 55% of isolates had positive MATS phenotype for fHBP, NadA and NHBA, respectively. Additionally, 20% harboured the homologous PorA. Coverage (>1 antigen with positive phenotype/homologous PorA genotype) was estimated at 73%. Among covered strains, 69% were positive for more than one antigen. We conclude that 4CMenB has the potential to protect against a significant proportion of MenB disease in England and Wales. Offered paper Haemophilus influenzae: disease and population structure in England and Wales DAViD liTT, Shamez ladhani, Carina Crawford, Anna Vickers, Mary Slack Health Protection Agency, London Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) causes invasive infections including meningitis, bacteraemia and pneumonia. Between 2000–2009, 5,965 invasive Hi cases across all age groups were reported in England and Wales, including 552 (9.3%) presenting with meningitis. The highest incidence of meningitis was in infants, followed by 1–4yr olds. Of the meningitis isolates, 53% were serotype b (Hib), 37% non-typeable (ntHi) and 10% other Hi serotypes (notably Hif and Hie). The contribution of Hib to meningitis and other invasive diseases has been declining since the introduction of routine Hib immunization, and it lost its position as the most common capsulated Hi causing invasive disease for the first time in 2009 (8% of invasive Hi cases were due to Hib, 4% Hie and 9% Hif, with 79% due to ntHi). Characterization of Hi isolates showed that ntHi possessed widely disparate MlST types. By contrast, capsulated isolates formed discrete clusters (Hib around ST6, Hie around ST18 and Hif around ST124). These clusters were distinct from each other, with the exception of type ST18, which had been seen previously amongst Hib isolates. Hence, some Hie strains may have arisen from Hib strains via capsule switching. However, there is no evidence of major serotype replacement in Hi disease. Introduction of a new Group A meningococcal conjugate vaccine in the African meningitis belt F. Marc laForce PATH for the Meningitis Vaccine Project & Partners, Washington, DC, USA Epidemic meningitis due to Group A Neisseria meningitidis continues to be an important public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. Over the last decade the Meningitis Vaccine Project, a partnership between PATH and WHO, has developed, tested and licensed a new and affordable ($uS < 0.50 per dose) Group A meningococcal conjugate vaccine manufactured by the Serum institute of india. The vaccine was prequalified by WHO in June 2010 and extensive pharmacovigilance studies in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger did not reveal any unexpected safety problems. Country-wide vaccination of 1–29 year olds (target population 10.5 million) began on December 6th 2010 in Burkina Faso. Smaller campaigns in specified districts were also done in Mali (3 million doses) and Niger (3 million doses). This is the first vaccine to be designed specifically for Africa that has received WHO prequalification. The vaccine is affordably priced and is available in quantity. introduction at public health scale is expected to result in herd immunity and prevent over one million cases and 100,000 deaths over 10 years. identifying the necessary financial resources to introduce the vaccine across the entire meningitis belt remains a challenge. HA06 Guarding microbial diversity: the importance of fundamental infrastructure in underpinning the microbial sciences ↑Contents Enhanced access to microbial resources Erko Stackebrandt DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany Deposition of the type strain of novel species in at least two or more public culture collections located in two or more countries is mandatory. The same high importance should be acknowledged with respect to public access to all key strains published in journals as these resources are required for subsequent verification of published data in accordance with scientific principles and for consideration as reference materials in subsequent research. However, the journals’ encouragement to authors to make microbial biological resources s o c i e t y f o r g e n e r a l Microbiology
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