Assessing the European Water Stewardship Standard in the Context ...

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3 Theoretical Background 15 Table 2: Overview of principles and criteria of the EWS Standard* (Source: EWP 2011b) Principle 1 Achieve and maintain sustainable water abstraction in terms of water quantity Criteria 1.1 Quantify total and net water abstraction (consisting of four indicators) 1.2 Describe and evaluate impact of water abstraction, intensity of water management and uniqueness of source (consisting of seven indicators) Principle 2 Achieve and maintain a good status in terms of chemical quality and biological elements Criteria 2.1 Total effluent quality (consisting of six indicators) 2.2 Destinations affected by discharge (consisting of six indicators) 2.3 Local issues of water quality (consisting of one indicator) Principle 3 Restore and preserve water-cycle related High Value Conservation areas Criteria 3.1 Evaluation of impact on changes in water status in high conservation wetlands, lakes and riparian areas (consisting of four indicators) Principle 4 Achieve equitable and transparent water governance Criteria 4.1 Compliance with legal requirements (consisting of one indicator) 4.2 Water management in the supply chain (on-hold) (consisting of two indicators) 4.3 Linkage of water management to other resources (consisting of three indicators) 4.4 Efficiency of consumption by re-cycling or reduction of losses (consisting of six indicators) 4.5 Best Management Practices (consisting of three indicators) 4.6 Transparency on water management internally and to the public (consisting of six indicators) 4.7 Awareness raising for SWM within a defined strategy and by pro-active measures (consisting of two indicators) 4.8 Innovation and continuous improvement (consisting of one indicator) 4.9 Economic transparency (consisting of three indicators) *for a detailed overview of the EWS standard including the indicator set see also Annex 6
4 Methodology 16 4 Methodology The research design of the present study contains different qualitative methods which will be presented in the following sections. The first part provides details to the literature review serving to assess the EWS standard in the context of the WFD. The second part introduces the case study which is further divided into three methods, namely performance analysis, questionnaire and expert interviews. These are used to investigate the applicability and the acceptance of the EWS standard. 4.1 Literature Analysis The purpose of the WFD, to conserve EU´s water resources, is shared by the four principles of the EWS standard. An analysis of literature serves to explore in which extend the EWS standard is aligned with and can support the targets and implementation of the WFD. To which extent the standard complies with the WFD is evaluated on a theoretical level according to two articles of the directive and on a practical level by the PoMs. Firstly it is assessed (i) how the principles of the EWS standard comply with the general purpose as stated in Article 1 (WFD) and (ii) how the criteria and indicators of the EWS standard support the environmental objectives stated in Article 4 (WFD). The second approach refers to the practical implementation of the WFD within a river basin. As mentioned in chapter 3.3 the PoMs are the key element to ensure the implementation of the WFD. Therefore, it was exemplarily explored, how the EWS programme can actively support the PoMs, designed according to Article 11 (WFD), within a river basin. As the farms of the case study are situated in the Elbe River basin, the indicators of the EWS standard were assessed by the catalogue of measures prepared by the Elbe River basin committee for the German territory. 4.2 Case Study The applicability and acceptance of the EWS standard on a farm level were analysed within a case study, which was conducted as a pilot test of the EWS standard. To describe the setting of the case study, first the selection of pilot farms and course of pilot test is described. This is followed by a description of the methodology testing the EWS standard on its applicability and acceptance.
Page 1 and 2: Assessing the European Water Stewar
Page 3 and 4: Abstract The EWS standard is a newl
Page 5 and 6: Acknowledgement It is a pleasure to
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures II 5.2.2 Applicabil
Page 9 and 10: List of Tables IV List of Abbreviat
Page 11 and 12: 1 Introduction 2 Being recently dev
Page 13 and 14: 3 Theoretical Background 4 3 Theore
Page 15 and 16: 3 Theoretical Background 6 treatmen
Page 17 and 18: 3 Theoretical Background 8 very low
Page 19 and 20: 3 Theoretical Background 10 3.3 The
Page 21 and 22: 3 Theoretical Background 12 units a
Page 23: 3 Theoretical Background 14 coordin
Page 27 and 28: 4 Methodology 18 The chosen farms w
Page 29 and 30: 4 Methodology 20 Table 4: Extract o
Page 31 and 32: 4 Methodology 22 considered to be i
Page 33 and 34: 5 Results 24 improvement of the aqu
Page 35 and 36: 5 Results 26 Table 5: Alignment of
Page 37 and 38: 5 Results 28 difficulties during th
Page 39 and 40: 5 Results 30 indicator 3.1.1, refer
Page 41 and 42: 5 Results 32 been derived from othe
Page 43 and 44: 5 Results 34 Farmer E additionally
Page 45 and 46: 5 Results Table 9: Key statements o
Page 47 and 48: 6 Discussion 38 6 Discussion 6.1 Di
Page 49 and 50: 6 Discussion 40 6.2 Discussion of R
Page 51 and 52: 6 Discussion 42 of farmers was the
Page 53 and 54: 6 Discussion 44 cooperation with th
Page 55 and 56: 6 Discussion 46 Acceptance of stand
Page 57 and 58: 7 Conclusion, Recommendation and Ou
Page 59 and 60: 8 References 50 COLLINS, A., OHANDJ
Page 61 and 62: 8 References 52 EU (European Union)
Page 63 and 64: 8 References 54 KAVANAGH, P. & T. B
Page 65 and 66: 8 References 56 SRU (Sachverständi
Page 67 and 68: 8 References 58 EWP (European Water
Page 69 and 70: 9 Annex 60 4.3.1 n.a. 0 0 2 0 4.3.2
Page 71 and 72: 9 Annex 62 A.4: Categories for inte
Page 73 and 74: 9 Annex 64 1.1.3 Major 1.1.4 Major
Page 75 and 76:
9 Annex 66 Grundsatz 2. Sicherstell
Page 77 and 78:
9 Annex 68 2.1.6 Recc Kriterium 2.2
Page 79 and 80:
9 Annex 70 2.2.4 Major 2.2.5* Major
Page 81 and 82:
9 Annex 72 3.1.2 Minor 3.1.3 Recc 3
Page 83 and 84:
9 Annex 74 4.2.1 Recc 4.2.2 Recc Kr
Page 85 and 86:
9 Annex 76 4.4.1 Minor Ist das Wass
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9 Annex 78 4.4.6 Minor Kriterium 4.
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9 Annex 80 4.6.2 Major 4.6.3 Minor
Page 91 and 92:
9 Annex 82 4.8.1 Recc Kriterium 4.9
Page 93:
9 Annex 84 A.7: Affirmation Eidesst
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