Bringing Back Manas

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Criteria to be followed in declaring an area as community reserve The land proposed to be declared must be either a community owned land or under private ownership. The land should not be a part of a national park, sanctuary or a conservation reserve. The community or an individual should have volunteered to conserve wildlife and its habitat. A notification has to be issued specifying as nearly as possible the situation and limits of such area. It shall be sufficient to describe the area by road, rivers, ridges and other well know or readily intelligible boundaries. A Community Reserve Management Committee has to be constituted by the State Government. Management and administration of community reserve CRMC shall be the authority that shall be responsible for conserving, maintaining and managing the community reserve. Unlike the conservation reserve, it is not the CWLW who manages the community reserve rather it is the CRMC. The role of the CRMC is thus not just advisory. Bringing Back Manas Composition of the CRMC Five Representatives nominated by the Village Panchayat In the situation where no Village Panchayat exists the five representatives are to be nominated by the Gram Sabha. One representative of the forest or wildlife department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located. Function of CRMC Fig.7 Golden langurs (Trachypithecus geei) at Ultapani, Greater Manas, Assam CRMC shall be the authority that shall be responsible for conserving, maintaining and managing the community reserve. Preparation of management plan for the community reserve Implementation of the management plan for the Community Reserve. Nature of restriction after declaration of an area as a community reserve The nature of restrictions is similar to that of a sanctuary. It is stated that every person shall, so long as he resides in community reserve be bound [as far as may be] to follow the restrictions as stipulated for Sanctuaries under the Wildlife Act. It is pertinent to point out that it is clearly mentioned that the above 21
provisions shall “as far as may be apply to a community reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary”. It is therefore important to remember that all these restrictions will not automatically extend to a community reserve. Procedure for alteration of boundaries and other changes After the issue of the notification constituting an area as a community reserve any change in the land use pattern of the reserve will require the following procedure A resolution to that effect has to be passed by the CRMC. The state government approval to the said resolution passed by the CRMC. Notes and comments The statement of objects and reasons of the Amendment Act, 2002 states that the state governments are empowered to declare areas which are under private or community ownership as community reserve provided the members of the community or individuals concerned are agreeable to offer such areas for protecting the wildlife together with the associated traditions, cultures and practices. The declaration of the community reserve involves one single notification. Unlike a conservation reserve, no change in land use is permitted once a notification has been issued under Section 36 C (1) of the WPA. However, similar to the case of conservation reserve, no legal provision exists for the denotification or alteration of the boundaries of the community reserve. Although, some restrictions as are applicable to sanctuaries are also applicable in a community reserve, the exact nature will depend on the guidelines and other working rules that will be prepared by the CRMC. Unfortunately, despite more than five years having passed since the amendment act has come into force, no guidelines have been issued thus rendering the provisions largely redundant. The community reserve has the potential to be more socially acceptable since it is not expected that the restrictions which are applicable to a sanctuary will also be applicable to a community reserve, since the essential purpose of community reserve is not just the protection of wild flora and fauna but also to preserve the traditional conservation values and practices. As such, community reserves are not envisaged as a “No-Use Zone” rather as stated in the “Objects and Reasons”: areas which are to be managed on the principles of sustainable utilization of forest produce. The community reserve is a viable option for areas important from the viewpoint of wildlife and where the community is willing to part with its land such as the Nokma and Akhing land in the Garo hills of Meghalaya. However, a uniformly composed Community Reserve Management Committee may not be suited for all local cultural and political situations. It is thus of utmost importance that the Wildlife Act provides for spaces for local level indigenous institutions to function as basic units for wildlife governance rather than imposing a structure which might be out of tune with the ground realities. Judicial orders and its implication In addition to the statutory laws, decisions of the Supreme Court also determine the management and administration of protected areas. The most significant of all the orders related to national park and sanctuaries is the order dated 14/02/2000 in W.P 202 of 1995 wherein the Supreme Court restrained the state governments from ordering the removal of dead, deceased, dying or wind fallen trees, drift wood and grasses etc from any national park or sanctuary. It also stated that that if any order to the contrary had already been passed, the operation of the same would be stayed. The Central Empowered Committee in its letter dated 2nd July 2004 explained that this provision includes: activities such as grazing and collection of NTFP from protected areas. The MoEF through a circular issued to the State Governments further clarified that all rights, privileges and concessions in national parks & sanctuaries must also cease. The Supreme Court by its order dated 25th November 2005 clarified that activities which are undertaken as per approved management plan and are consistent with the provisions of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 & The National Wildlife Action Plan as well as other such guidelines issued from time to time were permissible in respect of national park and sanctuaries. These restrictions come into play even if final notification for the national park and sanctuary has not taken place. It has to be empirically checked as to the ground level situation with respect to protected areas in the State of Meghalaya and Assam specifically in the context of the pre and post 14/02/2000 order. Existing information does not reveal much difference in the situation although it needs to be more carefully verified. 22 Bringing Back Manas
Page 2 and 3: BRINGING BACK MANAS Conserving the
Page 4 and 5: CONTENTS MESSAGES 5 PREFACE 7 ACKNO
Page 6: ROCKYBUL HUSSAIN Phone : (0361) 223
Page 9 and 10: The effort to bring back Manas was
Page 11 and 12: Manas’ wherein lodged within the
Page 13 and 14: parks, wildlife sanctuaries and res
Page 15 and 16: Introduction In 1996, the Supreme C
Page 17 and 18: Within the Bodo area of Assam, a
Page 19 and 20: However, the crucial and most signi
Page 21: One representative of the Forest or
Page 25 and 26: According to Sec. 2(h) ‘local bod
Page 27 and 28: Local Biodiversity Fund Chapter XI
Page 29 and 30: Further, the Court issued various d
Page 31 and 32: economic decline will be feeding ea
Page 33 and 34: members of the tribal areas of Assa
Page 35 and 36: Profile of Bodoland Territorial Cou
Page 37 and 38: Table 2 District wise population di
Page 39 and 40: Table 4 Social Forestry Divisions F
Page 41 and 42: Terminalia bellerica, Schima wallic
Page 43 and 44: type of forest, grasses like Impera
Page 45 and 46: Introduction Land use and land cove
Page 47 and 48: 46 Bringing Back Manas Fig.23 Break
Page 49 and 50: Table.10 Land use and land cover an
Page 51 and 52: Table.12 Land use land cover and it
Page 53 and 54: Table 14 Land use and land cover an
Page 55 and 56: Table 16 Land use and land cover an
Page 57 and 58: The land use characteristics and sp
Page 59 and 60: Tippet’s random number series wer
Page 61 and 62: Fig. 43 Occupational distribution b
Page 63 and 64: purchased (1.89%) or collected free
Page 65 and 66: (d) Grasses, Cane and medicinal pla
Page 67 and 68: Anecdotal surveys conducted by amat
Page 69 and 70: Fig. 63 Map showing land use and la
Page 71 and 72: Table 20 Shrub species diversities
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Table 22 Bird species diversities i
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Bird diversity Mean species richnes
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Fig.66 Map of the study area showin
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Fig 68 Map of study area showing lo
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Fig 70 Map of the study area showin
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The other ungulate of conservation
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It does appear that exotic weed suc
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Bengal. This area, with the excepti
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88 Bringing Back Manas Fig.82 Map o
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Introduction Forest resources play
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people do not own any forest area.
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Fig. 95 People's perception on init
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was responsible for conflict in all
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Fig.113 District wise variation on
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department. However, 14.29% of peop
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While the Greater Manas concept was
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twin paddocks were deemed essential
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Fig. 127 Blood collection after rad
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With the Chief Wildlife Warden of A
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crate. A long MS pipe, hooked on to
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On the day of relocation, on the 23
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the release area, a thorough diseas
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A daily record of the progress of a
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) Whenever visual contact was lost,
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The need for training frontline for
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national average on state PAs is 40
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1. Introduction Urbanization and en
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3. Mobile Veterinary support in Low
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encountered was the Burmese rock py
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fall sick. Very often, small health
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Morgan, E.R., Lundervold, M., Medle
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spirit of the Constitution (seventy
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Bringing Back Manas APPENDIX ‘A
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medium of instruction in educationa
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10. Additional development package
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Background and Objective 9.22.1 The
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Act should be reviewed to plug the
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As regards Mizoram, the Commission
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Clarification - term ‘State Gover
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transportation by Railways will be
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pattern obtaining in the State of H
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districts or regions concerned, and
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cases of the nature referred to in
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(2) If any dispute arises as to the
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(b) the Governor may, by public not
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(2) Any direction given by the Gove
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(hereafter referred to as the exist
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education and research, protection
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*Paragraph 10 has been amended in i
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espective districts, shall have pow
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Bringing Back Manas (a) in the head
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Bringing Back Manas Species ANNEXUR
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Bringing Back Manas Plants/ha Speci
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 7 LIST
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 10 LIS
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Bringing Back Manas Species Birds/h
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 27 BIR
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 33 CUM
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 34 CUM
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Bringing Back Manas 233
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areas of Assam, Uttar Pradesh and W
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Unlike in the stabilization yard, c
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stopped every hours to thoroughly c
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1. Wildlife rehabilitation India’
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and front-foot circumference, body
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keeper’s shoulder or chest for co
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Considerations for selecting the re
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Bringing Back Manas ANNEXURE 37 Ori
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Session 5: 10.00 PM - 01.00 PM - Pr
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India at the International Whaling
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Bringing Back Manas Wildlife Trust
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Bringing Back Manas

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