Env.401: Concepts of Ecology & Biodiversity: -

Governments and disasters, Disasters and non-governmental efforts, casual
factors of disasters, phases of disasters.
Unit II : Hazards and Disasters:- Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Tropical cyclones,
floods, Droughts, Environmental Pollution, Epidemics chemical and
industrial accidents, biological hazards, Social and political imperatives,
Displaced persons communalism wars, hazards of mafiaraj; corruption. The
role of united nations in complex emergencies. Nuclear accidents.
Unit III : Dimensions and Typology of Disasters :- Env. Hazards,
Typology, Assessment and response, environmental hazards revisited,
Issues, Natural trends, Disasters. Human-induced hazards, responses, the
strategies, the scale of strategies disaster, vulnerability, disaster trends,
paradigms, typology, chemical hazards and toxicology.
Unit IV : Risk Assessment and Disaster Management:- Risk assessment of
disasters, hydrological and meteorological phenomena, Environmental
health risks, chemical load, cancer and the environment, Risk adjustment,
risk management, techno hazards management, disaster response and
adjustment, UN response to disasters. Disaster risk appraisal
Disaster preparedness, components of disaster preparedness, planning,
preparedness of slow onset and sudden onset disasters, checklist basic
information required by a UN-DMT, disaster profiles of country, National
policies- objectives & standards, Government structure for warning and
emergency & response, other external and National assistance organizations,
Base-line data on each district – disaster – prone area. Resources : Materials
and human, communications, logistics, system and facilities, Technological
hazards management.
Unit V: Disaster Mitigation :- Targeting mitigation where it has most effect.
Actions to reduce risk. The manu mitigation actions, classifications of
mitigation measures, disaster mitigation as a development theme. Disaster
related policy, goals of UNDP and UNDRO, appraising disaster mitigation
needs, policies and capacity. Elements to be considered during the early
stages of country’s development programme. Source of information: Needs
for technical expertise. Project identification and formulation. Disaster Risk
appraisal all projects in hazardous area. Disaster Risk Reduction Planning
Checklist.
* Current development in the subject:-
Reference Book:- Env. 401