Env.401: Concepts of Ecology & Biodiversity: -

402 Climatology and Ecodynamics :-
Unit I : Climate :- Weather, Climate, Major Climatic regions of the world
based on latitude, with distribution of vegetation, classification of climates
criteria for classification. Thornthwaites and koppens classifications,
climatogram studies. El-Nino effect.
Unit II : Meteorology :- Scale of meteorology, pressure, temperature,
adiabatic lapse rates, atmospheric stability, wind velocity, wind roses and
turbulence plume behaviour various types of plumes and dispersion models
of air Weather forecasting Basic numerical modeling approach –Guassion
plume model Emission inventory.
Unit III : Monitoring of air quality :- Establishing ambient and emission
standards, ambient air sampling methods for collection and analysis of
suspended particulate matter, ( SPM), Respirable suspended particulate
matter ( RSPM) sulphur dioxide (SO2) and oxides of nitrogen (No),
oxidants carbon, monoxide ( CO) and hydrocarbons ( HC) stack sampling &
analysis of spm, Rspm, So2 No2 etc.
Unit IV : Ecosystem dynamics and biomass productivity :- Definition,
kinds of ecosystems, fundamental concepts, biotic and abiotic components
and their functions, nutrient pool, energy flow through ecosystems :
Ecological energeties, food chains, food web, Trophic levels, ecological
pyramids.
- Concepts of biomass, Biomass utilization
- Productivity, types of productivity
Methods of measurement of biomass and productivity, Ecological
efficiencies.
Unit V : Energy resources Management :- Sources of energy, Energy
requirement, conventional energy system - wood, Coal hydro and thermal
power energy, Non-conventional energy systems- Bioenergy, biogas energy.
Ocean & tidal energy. Nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy geothermal
energy, energy from wastes Eco technology sustainable development.
Photovoltaics, solar ponds. Energy from biomass, biogas, anaerobic
digestion; energy use pattern in different parts of the world.