09.05.2013 Views

Descargue la revista aquí - Colegio Médico de Chile

Descargue la revista aquí - Colegio Médico de Chile

Descargue la revista aquí - Colegio Médico de Chile

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

Resumen<br />

Diseño <strong>de</strong> un Sistema Público<br />

<strong>de</strong> Atención <strong>de</strong> Salud:<br />

El Caso <strong>de</strong> <strong>Chile</strong><br />

Dr. Carlos Montoya-Agui<strong>la</strong>r*<br />

Se <strong>de</strong>fine “sistema <strong>de</strong> atención <strong>de</strong> salud” y, en el contexto <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> formu<strong>la</strong>ción <strong>de</strong> una política <strong>de</strong> salud,<br />

se le diferencia <strong>de</strong>l concepto “mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> atención”.<br />

Se <strong>de</strong>scriben los aspectos estructurales <strong>de</strong>l sistema. Se recomienda basar el diseño <strong>de</strong>l sistema público<br />

para <strong>Chile</strong> sobre <strong>la</strong>s tres realida<strong>de</strong>s geo<strong>de</strong>mográficas (RGD) <strong>de</strong>l país: gran<strong>de</strong>s ciuda<strong>de</strong>s, ciuda<strong>de</strong>s intermedias<br />

y conglomerados semi-rurales. A cada RGD correspon<strong>de</strong> una modalidad tipo <strong>de</strong> subsistema <strong>de</strong><br />

atención compuesta por establecimientos o unida<strong>de</strong>s tipo. A <strong>la</strong> combinación <strong>de</strong> RGD que se da en cada<br />

región <strong>de</strong>l país correspon<strong>de</strong> una combinación <strong>de</strong> modalida<strong>de</strong>s que configura una red <strong>de</strong> atención.<br />

Esta es <strong>la</strong> organización <strong>de</strong> base resi<strong>de</strong>ncial, <strong>la</strong> más importante (también para otros sistemas). A el<strong>la</strong> se<br />

superponen <strong>la</strong> base ocupacional y <strong>la</strong> base esco<strong>la</strong>r <strong>de</strong> organización <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> atención.<br />

Es necesario <strong>de</strong>finir individualmente <strong>la</strong> posición, funciones y recursos <strong>de</strong> cada establecimiento <strong>de</strong>ntro<br />

<strong>de</strong>l subsistema, tomando en cuenta <strong>la</strong>s complementarida<strong>de</strong>s e interacciones entre ellos.<br />

Pa<strong>la</strong>bras c<strong>la</strong>ve: sistema <strong>de</strong> atención, mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> atención, realidad geo<strong>de</strong>mográfica, modalidad <strong>de</strong> atención,<br />

unidad tipo <strong>de</strong> atención, red <strong>de</strong> atención, base resi<strong>de</strong>ncial <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> atención<br />

Abstract<br />

The concept of “health care system” is <strong>de</strong>fined and, in the context of health policy formu<strong>la</strong>tion, it is<br />

differentiated vis a vis the concept of “health care mo<strong>de</strong>l”.<br />

The structural aspects of a system are briefly <strong>de</strong>scribed. It is suggested that the public health care system<br />

of <strong>Chile</strong> be <strong>de</strong>signed on the substratum of the three main geo<strong>de</strong>mographic situations (GDS) that exist in<br />

the country: <strong>la</strong>rge cities, intermediate cities and semi-rural agglomerations. Each GDS should be matched<br />

with a typical health care subsystem modality ma<strong>de</strong> up of typical units or facilities. For the particu<strong>la</strong>r<br />

combination of GDSs existing in each region a combination of modalities is required; this combination<br />

constitutes the regional health care network.<br />

This pattern is based on the resi<strong>de</strong>ntial location of the popu<strong>la</strong>tion. It is the most important organizational<br />

criterion for the health care system (also for other systems); but an occupational basis and a schools<br />

system basis are also recognized.<br />

The position, functions and resources of each facility within the system should be <strong>de</strong>fined, taking into<br />

account their complementarities and interactions.<br />

Key words: health care system, health care mo<strong>de</strong>l, geo<strong>de</strong>mographic situations, health care modality, health<br />

care unit type, resi<strong>de</strong>ntial basis of health care.<br />

* Profesor titu<strong>la</strong>r <strong>de</strong> Salud Pública, Universidad <strong>de</strong> <strong>Chile</strong>. <br />

Cuad Méd Soc (<strong>Chile</strong>) 2005; 45: 11 - 16<br />

The Design of a Public Health Care<br />

System: The Case of <strong>Chile</strong><br />

11

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!