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nonstationarity, covariance estimation and state-space ... - EPFL

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Contents xvii<br />

4.5 Simulations ............................................. 91<br />

4.5.1 Numerical lntegration .................................... 91<br />

4.5.2 Estimation of Cij ...................................... 92<br />

4.5.3 Studies on the lmplementation of SSD ........................... 93<br />

4.5.4 Trend Contamination <strong>and</strong> True /3 # O ........................... 96<br />

4.6 Application . ............................................. 97<br />

4.6.1 Prediction .......................................... 97<br />

4.6.2 SIC97 Data ......................................... 98<br />

4.6.3 Lake Geneva Data . ..................................... 99<br />

4.7 Summary <strong>and</strong> Outlook ....................................... 101<br />

Epilogue<br />

Appendix 105<br />

A Datasets 105<br />

A.l SIC97 Data ............................................. 105<br />

A.2 Lake Geneva Data .......................................... 106<br />

A.3 Ozone Data ............................................. 108<br />

B Supplementary Simulation Results 111<br />

B.l Nonstationary Issues . ........................................ 112<br />

B.l.l Trend Detection ....................................... 112<br />

B.1.2 Local Trend Estimation ................................... 113<br />

B.2 Functional Principal Components Analysis ............................. 114<br />

B.3 State-Space Representation ..................................... 116<br />

Glossary<br />

References<br />

Author lndex<br />

Subject lndex<br />

Curriculum Vitae

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