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X l 2.5 Results ......................................................................... .......................... .. ...... ....... 63 2.6 Discussion .......................... ... ...................................... ................................ .. ... ... . 69 2.7 Acknowledgments ................... ................................................. ..... ...... ...... .......... 73 2.8 References ................................. .. ... ... ..... ... ................................... .. ...................... 73 CHAPITRE 3 : 1 m m unohistochemical localization of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in the gonad and digestive gland of Mya arenaria (Mollu sca: Bivalvia) .. ........ .... ..... ................. ....... .. .. .............. ........ ............................................ .. ............ 79 3.1 Abstract. .. .... ....................... ...... ............................................................. ............... 80 3.2 Key words .. .... ....................... .. ................. ... ... .. .... ................................................ 80 3.3 Introduction .......................................... ........... ............. .. ..................................... 81 3.4 Material and methods ...... .... .... .. .... ... ....... ....... .................................................... 83 3.4.1 Chemicals and reagents .................. ...................................................................... 83 3.4.2 Clain collection ..................................................................................................... 84 3.4.3 Spawning induction .............................................................................................. 84 3.4.4 Tissue preparation .......................................................................................... .. ..... 85 3.4.5 Histology ...................... .......... .. ..... ..... .. .... .... ..... ... ................................................. 85 3.4.6 Setotonin (5-HT) immunohistochemistry ................................................... .. ........ 86 3.5 Results .................................. ... .... .... .. .... .......................................................... ..... 87 3.6 Discussion ............... ... ........ ...... .. ... ... ..... ..... .... .... ... ... .... .................... ... .... ....... .. .... 92 3.7 Acknowledgments ................... ............................................... ............................. 96 3.8 References ............................................... ............................................................. 96
XII CHAPITRE 4: Anatomical study of the visceral mass and new knowledge of gametogenesis in the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria): Histochemical and immunohistochemical cell identification ........... ....... ..... ... ....................................... ...... . 1 02 4.1 Abstract. .. .... ...... ...... ... ..... ..... ...... ...... .................. ............ ..... ........... .. ........ .. ........ 103 4.2 Key words ......................... ................... ............................... ........ ....................... 104 4.3 Introduction .. .. ....... ......................... ... ... .. ..... .. ............ ..................... ....... ... ......... 105 4.4 Material and methods ................................ ... ......... ................................... ..... ... 108 4.4.1 Chemicals and reagents ............. .... ...... .. ........ ............................. ........................ 108 4.4.2 Clanl collection ....... .............. ... ... ............ .. .............................................. .. ..... ... .. 108 4.4.3 Anatomical description of the visceral mass ........................ ...... ........................ 109 4.4.4 Light microscopy ................................. ...... .. .......................................... ........ ..... 109 4.4.4.1 Paraffin embedding and sectioning ...... ...... ... .. .... .. ..... ....... ...... ............... ............. 109 4.4.4.2 Histological staining ........................................................... ................................ 11 0 4.4.4.3 Immunohistochemistry actin and a-tubulin ......... ... .... ... ...... ..... .. ........................ 110 4.4.4.4 Mounting of sections and photography .......................... .... ... ........ .... ............ .... . 111 4.5 Results .... ... .... ..... ........ ................ ................................... ...... ....... ........ ..... ..... ..... . III 4.5.1 Anatomical description of the visceral mass ....... ....... ....... ....... .......... ..... ........ ... 1Il 4.5.2 Histology and immunohistochemistry of the visceral mass .... ............. .. ....... ..... 114 4.6 Discussion ...... .............. ... .... .... ... ....... ....... .. .. .... .... ............. .... ... ................. ......... 130 4.7 Acknowledgments .. .. .... .. ......... .. ......... .............. ....... ..... .... ...... ................ .... .. ... .. 140 4.8 References ..................... .... .................. ... ........ ...... ....... ... .... ........ ......... ...... .... .... . 140
Page 1 and 2: UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC CONTRIBUTION
Page 3 and 4: Cette thèse est dédiée à mon p
Page 5 and 6: Il Je tiens à remercier le profess
Page 7 and 8: IV La sérotonine (5-hydroxytryptam
Page 9 and 10: VI Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine o
Page 11 and 12: VIII GPCR HPLC G Protein-Coupled Re
Page 13: x 1.2.1.4 Implication de la séroto
Page 17 and 18: XIV CHAPITRE 6 : Discussion génér
Page 19 and 20: LISTE DES FIGURES CHAPITRE 1 Figure
Page 21 and 22: XVlll CHAPITRE 4 Figure 4.1: Schema
Page 23 and 24: 2 milieu, et donc, constituent d'ex
Page 25 and 26: 4 Dans le troisième chapitre (en a
Page 27 and 28: 6 mètres de profondeur. Il s' enfo
Page 29 and 30: 8 .làce 1)()Slériellre siphon exh
Page 31 and 32: 10 au niveau de l'oesophage, les ga
Page 33 and 34: Tableau 1.1 Classifi cation et desc
Page 35 and 36: 14 nutritives et les cellules de la
Page 37 and 38: 16 1.2.1.2 Les amines biogènes Les
Page 39 and 40: Tableau 1.2 Les catécholamines che
Page 41 and 42: Tableau 1.2 Les catécholamines che
Page 43 and 44: Tableau 1.3 La 5-HT chez les mollus
Page 45 and 46: Tableau 1.3 La 5-HT chez les mollus
Page 47 and 48: 26 1.2.1.3 Implication des catécho
Page 49 and 50: 28 Catapane (l977), la concentratio
Page 51 and 52: Tableau 1.4 Induction de la ponte c
Page 53 and 54: 32 Tableau 1.5 Induction de la GVBD
Page 55 and 56: 34 indépendamment du taux de calci
Page 57 and 58: Tableau 1.6 mollusques (suite). Car
Page 59 and 60: Tableau 1.6 mollusques (suite). Car
Page 61 and 62: 40 nommé 5-HTIYI11 a une forte hom
Page 63 and 64: 42 mammifères (Pani & Crol!, 1998)
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44 1.2.2 Contrôle stéroïdien 1.2
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46 1980; Reis-Henriques et al. , 19
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48 qui indiquerait une implication
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50 Crassostrea gigas (Ono et al., 1
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52 1.2A Régulation croisée Étant
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CHAPITRE 2 : STUDIES OF THE NERVOUS
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56 2.2 Key words Serotonin, 5-hydro
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58 (SiniscaJchi et al., 2004) and T
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60 2.4 Material and methods 2.4.1 C
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62 2.4.4.2 Serotonin (5-HT) immunoh
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64 p.r. Figure 2.1 Schematic diagra
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66 II -..c;:~4.... 12 V 12J-::.::::
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68 H Figure 2.3 Serotonin (5-HT) im
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70 Pecten maximus (Paulet et al. ,
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72 showed that, in Mya arenaria, se
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74 Croll, KP., Too, C.K.L., Pani, A
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76 Lubet, P., Albertini, L. , Robbi
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78 Sweeney, D., 1968. The anatomica
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80 3.1 Abstract Serotonin (5-hydrox
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82 Crassostrea gigas (Osanai, 1985;
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84 3.4.2 Clam collection Clams were
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86 microscope (Olympus BX41). Five
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88 Figure 3.1 Suite -
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90 Figure 3.2: Histology and immuno
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92 external epithelium. In the dige
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94 1988; Krantic et al., 1991). Spa
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96 3.7 Acknowledgments This work wa
Page 119 and 120:
98 Gauthier-Clerc, S., Pellerin, l
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100 Matthews, R., 1973. The life-cy
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CHAPITRE 4 : ANATOMICAL STUDY OF TH
Page 125 and 126:
104 neuropil of the pedal ganglia,
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106 species the general morphology
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108 other tissues or organs that ar
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110 4.4.4.2 Histological staining P
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112 Figure 4.1: Schematic diagram o
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114 posterior retractor muscle exte
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116 Figure 4.2: Histology of gameto
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118 Figure 4.3: Histology of gameto
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120 Primary ovocytes are attached t
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122 Figure 4.4: Actine and a-tubuli
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124 Figure 4.5 Suite ~
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Page 149 and 150:
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130 4.6 Discussion This study of th
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132 Mya arenaria, an endobenthic pe
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134 Storage cells are intragonadal
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136 During early gonadal developmen
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138 gonad to connect the cerebral a
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140 state while contracting. The mu
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142 Coe, W.R., Turner, H.J., 1938.
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144 Lango-Reynoso, F. , Chavez-Vill
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146 Pipe, R.K., 1987a. Ultrastructu
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148 Varaksin, A.A. , Varaksina, G.S
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150 5.1 Abstract In marine bivalves
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152 5.3 Introduction Steroidogenesi
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154 1989) and prostaglandins (Osada
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156 prepared at 18°C using a Shand
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158 homogeneity of variances were t
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160 5.5.1.1 Variation in 1 7~-estra
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162 3 a ab -:E Cl 'Qi ~ Qi 2 ~ '7 C
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164 In males, E2 levels in gonad va
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166 Previous studies have reported
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Tableau 5.1 Concentrations of estra
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170 nephridium epithelia, digestive
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172 testosterone into estradiol cou
Page 195 and 196:
174 Clay ton, M.E., 1996. Lipoprote
Page 197 and 198:
176 Morcillo, Y. , Porte, c., 2000.
Page 199 and 200:
178 Siah, A., Pellerin, 1., Benosma
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180 3- les variations du nIveau des
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182 6.2 Anatomie de la masse viscé
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184 en nodules, appelés glomérule
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186 présente étude, nous avons d
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188 considérer la 17~-oestradiol c
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190 Chez les bivalves, la 5-HT inte
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192 Bandivdekar, A.H., Segal, SJ.,
Page 215 and 216:
194 Cou ch, E.F., Hagino, N. , Lee,
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196 Fujii, K. , Takeda, N., 1988. P
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198 Hirai, S., Kishimoto, T., Kadam
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200 Leclerc, c., Guerrier, P., More
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202 Malanga, C.J., Poli, K.A., 1979
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204 Morcillo, Y, Porte, c., 2000. E
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206 Osada, M., Tawarayama, H. , Mor
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208 Ram, 1.L., Moore, D., Putchakay
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210 Stanley-Samuelson, D.W., 1987.
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212 Vélez, A., Alifa, E., Azuaje,
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ANNEXES
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216 1 - Technique de congélation d
Page 239 and 240:
218 ** Les témoins négatifs perme
Page 241 and 242:
220 3 Inclusion des tissus dans la
Page 243 and 244:
222 Incubation dans une solution de
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