materialisturia: maTi ZiriTadi wanamZRvaria – determinizmi, romlisTvisac<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia a<strong>da</strong>mianSi nebis Tavisuflebis arsebobis uaryofa <strong>da</strong> imisaRiareba, rom a<strong>da</strong>mianis neba iseve gapirobebulia <strong>da</strong> misi saqmianobac isevekanonzomieria, rogorc gapirobebulia <strong>da</strong> kanonzomieria materialur sxeulTamoZraoba. aseve materialisturia Sexedulebac sazogadoebrivi wyobisa <strong>da</strong>wesrigis, rogorc bunebis materialuri wesrigis nawilis Taobaze; asevematerialisturia <strong>socialuri</strong> kanonebis rogorc bunebis zogadi kanonebisgamovlenis ganxilvisadmi miswafebac.magram ras vxe<strong>da</strong>vT Semdeg, rodesac filosofosebi ejaxebian konkretulistoriulsinamdviles? maSin v<strong>ge</strong>bulobT, rom a<strong>da</strong>mianebs SeuZliT <strong>da</strong>emorCilonTavis bunebriv kanonebs <strong>da</strong> arc <strong>da</strong>emorCilon maT ucodinrobisa TugaunaTleblobis gamo. marTalia, yoveli Cveulebrivi a<strong>da</strong>miani, mkacradeqvemdebareba Tavisi vnebebisa <strong>da</strong> grZnobebis brZanebas, magram maTze maRldebakanonmdebeli. igi flobs arCevanis cnobil Tavisuflebas, _ bunebrivi wesrigiskanonTa ga<strong>ge</strong>bisa <strong>da</strong> codnis miRweuli donis Sesatyvisad kanondebels SeuZlia<strong>da</strong>adginos saxelmwifos esa Tu is forma. amgvarad, sazogadoeba – saxelmwifogvevlineba ara rogorc nivTTa bunebrivi wesrigis kanonTa ZaliT bunebrivad –wermoqmnili ram, aramed rogorc raRac xelovnuri qmnileba, romelickanonmdeblis Tavisufali Semoqmedebis produqtia. amasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiTa<strong>da</strong>mianTa sazogadoebis bunebrivi wesrigi <strong>da</strong> wyobac arsebiTad sxva ramea, vidrebunebis bunebrivi wesrigi. maT bunebrivi wesrigis qveS esmo<strong>da</strong>T raRacsaukuneebi<strong>da</strong>n saukuneebamde namvilad arsebuli ram, mag. esaa namdvila<strong>da</strong>rsebuli mzis sistema, masSi maradiulad moZravi sxulebiT. kacobriobiscxovrebaSi ki, piriqiT, namdvilad arsebuli aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> sazogadoebis.saxelmwifos istoriulad warmavali <strong>da</strong> aranamdvili formebi, romlebicwarmoiSvnen kanonmdebelTa umecrebis, gaunaTleblobisa <strong>da</strong> Secdomebis Sedegad.a<strong>da</strong>mianTa sazogadoebis bunebrivi wesrigi, faqtobrivad aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> raRac iseTiram, romelic mxolod maSin ganxorcieldeba, rodesac mogvevlineba iseTikanonmdebeli, romelic SeZlebs Seicnos <strong>da</strong> praqtikulad gamoiyenosa<strong>da</strong>mianisaTvis am yvelaze keTilsasurveli, WeSmaritad erTaderTi wyobisa <strong>da</strong>wesrigis kanonebi. maSasa<strong>da</strong>me, sazogadoebis bunebrivi wesrigi aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> iseTiram, romelic mxolod un<strong>da</strong> ganxorcieldes a<strong>da</strong>mianuri gonebis brZanebisTanaxmad. amiT igi arsebulis sfero<strong>da</strong>n jerarsis sferoSi ga<strong>da</strong>itaneba.Tanac ar arsebobs TviT nivTTa bunebaSi Cadebuli raime bunebrivi aucilebloba,romelic adre Tu gvian migviyvan<strong>da</strong> am bunebis wesrigis Sesatyvisi sazogadoeba –saxelmwifos ganxorcielebasTan. es ukanaskneli kanonmdeblis Tavisufaliga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis saqmea. bednieri SemTxveviToba iqnebo<strong>da</strong>, rom bunebrivi wesrigismoTxovnis Sesatyvisi saxelmwifo Seqmniliyo me-18-e s-Si. aseTi saxelmwifoSeiZlebo<strong>da</strong> mravali aseuli <strong>da</strong> aTaswleulis winaTac warmoqmniliyo, romgamoCeniliyo maSin <strong>ge</strong>nialuri kanonmdebeli <strong>da</strong> ganexorcielebina igi48
cxovrebaSi. sazogadoebis bunebrivi wesrigi aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> ara mxolod iseTi ram racjerars, aramed iseTi jerarsi, romelic mocemul momentSi ar gamomdinareobsTviT arsebulis ganviTarebis Sinagani aucileblobisagan, <strong>da</strong> <strong>ge</strong>niosisTavisufali Carevis saqmes warmoad<strong>ge</strong>ns. kacobriobis mTeli istoriawarmogvid<strong>ge</strong>ba rogorc wyvdiadSi xetiali, kanonmdebelTa mieri bunebriviwesrigis kanonTa <strong>da</strong>Zebnis warumatebel mcdelobasTan erTad <strong>da</strong> es gagrZeldebamanam, sanam uceb ar gaielvebs vinmes TavSi <strong>ge</strong>nialuri azri <strong>da</strong> kacobriobasabolood ar <strong>da</strong>aRwevs Tavs mojadoebul wres <strong>da</strong> ar ganaxorcielebs imerTaderT sazogadoebriv wyobas, romelic Seesabameba a<strong>da</strong>mianisa <strong>da</strong> sagnebisbunebas.amgvarad Cven ukve mivediT savsebiT idealistur <strong>da</strong>skvnasTan, sazogadoebisbunebrivi wesrigi <strong>da</strong> wyobileba aRmoCn<strong>da</strong> jerarsuli <strong>da</strong> kanonmdeblisTavisufali nebis gansaxorcielebeli aqti, romelic araa gapirobebulibunebrivi kanonzomierebis mier. aqve un<strong>da</strong> SevniSnoT, rom calkeul moazrovneTaSexedulebebis erTmaneTTan sruli gaigiveba ar SeiZleba, ar iqneba swori,rameTu erTTan es winaaRmdegoba vlindeba ufro primitiuli <strong>da</strong> gulubryviliformiT, xolo meoresTan ki <strong>da</strong>faruli saxiT. me-17-e saukunis filosofosebi<strong>da</strong>nmkacri determinizmis xazs yvelaze Tanmimdevrulad atarebs spinoza. masTangonebis umecrebac <strong>da</strong> gamoRviZebac erTnaira<strong>da</strong>a gapirobebuli saganTa bunebrivikanonzomierebebiT. magram spinozamac ver SesZlo mojadoebuli wris garRveva.man ver SeZlo eCvenebina is bunebrivi kanonzomiereba, romelsac mivyavarTgonebiseuli wesrigis <strong>da</strong> wyobis ganxorcielebasTan. amitom masTan arc kigvxvdeba raime miniSnebac ki sazogadoebrivi formebs ganviTarebis bunebrivkanonzomierebebze49