SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis instituti
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis instituti
SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis instituti
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<strong>SoTa</strong> <strong>rusTavelis</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>literaturis</strong><br />
<strong>instituti</strong>
krebuli _ `akaki wereTeli. ucnobi publicistika~ _<br />
momzadda da daibeWda saqarTvelos kulturisa da<br />
ZeglTa dacvis saministros finansuri mxardaWeriT.<br />
2
Tbilisi<br />
2010<br />
3
UDC(uak) 821.3531-92+821.353.1.09<br />
a-402<br />
winamdebare krebulSi warmodgenilia <strong>SoTa</strong> <strong>rusTavelis</strong><br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>literaturis</strong> <strong>instituti</strong>s mecnier-teqstologebis<br />
mier bolo aTwleulebis manZilze gamovlenili akaki<br />
wereTlis publicisturi werilebi, romlebic aqamde ucnobi<br />
iyo farTo mkiTxveli sazogadoebisaTvis. teqstebi aRWurvilia<br />
Sesabamisi samecniero aparatiT, komentarebiTa da sa-<br />
ZieblebiT. aRniSnuli masalis dabeWdva, qronologiuri<br />
principis dacviT, dagegmilia <strong>literaturis</strong> <strong>instituti</strong>s<br />
mier gamosacemad momzadebul akaki wereTlis TxzulebaTa<br />
akademiuri octomeulis Sesabamis tomebSi.<br />
redaqtorebi:<br />
irma ratiani<br />
maka elbaqiZe<br />
Semdgenlebi:<br />
nana fruiZe<br />
julieta gaboZe<br />
elisabed zardiaSvili<br />
mxatvari<br />
nodar sumbaZe<br />
kompiuteruli uzrunvelyofa<br />
TinaTin duglaZe<br />
ISBN 978-9941-0-2952-3<br />
4
akaki wereTlis ucnobi publicistika<br />
jer kidev yvelasaTvis ucnobi Wabuki poetis pirvelive<br />
publikaciebidan gaxda sacnauri, rom daibada mgosani,<br />
romlis `bednieri niWis naSuqiT~ gasxivosnebuli Txzulebebi<br />
avtors `rCeulTa Soris rCeulad~, `erTaderT<br />
akakid~ aqcevda. nikolo miwiSvilis TqmiT, `masSi mowinave<br />
saqarTvelom miiCnia poetis universaluri tipi, gamoacxada<br />
igi Tavis upirveles poetad, daiviwya misi wodeba,<br />
ukuagdo misi gvari, misi adamianuri sisusteni da darCa<br />
mxolod `akaki~.<br />
aravisTvis iyo saidumlo, rom `is didi da mravalricxovani<br />
ganZi, romelic akakim Tavis xalxs misca~ (artur<br />
laisti), usaTuTes movla-patronobas iTxovda da es Taobebis<br />
vali iyo.<br />
poetis sicocxleSive Seecadnen gamomcemlebi misi nawerebis<br />
Tavmoyrasa da gamocemas, magram, garemoebaTa<br />
gamo, dawyebuli saqme bolomde verasodes mivida. Tavad<br />
akakimac ganizraxa, moegvarebina es sakiTxi da sazogadoebas<br />
aRuTqva, rom moamzadebda TxzulebaTa mravaltomeuls,<br />
magram, samwuxarod, es gamocema meore tomze Sewyda<br />
da poetis survili ganuxorcielebeli darCa. ase rom,<br />
akaki wereTlis literaturuli memkvidreoba arc mis sicocxleSi<br />
da arc gardacvalebis Semdeg srulad Sekrebili<br />
da gamocemuli ar yofila.<br />
XX saukuneSi akakis Txzulebebis ramdenime gamocema<br />
ganxorcielda: 1. oTxtomeuli al. abaSelisa da s. gorga-<br />
Zis redaqciiT (1925-1928); 2. Txzulebani, sruli krebuli<br />
Svid tomad pavle ingoroyvas redaqtorobiT (1940-1961);<br />
3. TxzulebaTa sruli krebuli TxuTmet tomad giorgi<br />
abzianiZis saerTo redaqtorobiT (1950-1963). TiToeul<br />
maTgans Tavisi droisaTvis saetapo mniSvneloba hqonda,<br />
magram am gamocemebis yvelaze didi xarvezi is gaxldaT,<br />
rom maTSi, sxvadasxva mosazrebiT, ZiriTadad ki sabWouri<br />
ideologiuri koniunqturis gamo, ver moxvda aTobiT SesaniSnavi<br />
leqsi, poema Tu publicisturi werili. gamocemebSi<br />
aseve ver Sevida is teqstebi, romlebsac mecnierebma<br />
mogvianebiT miakvlies pirad arqivebsa Tu samuzeumo<br />
fondebSi. aRniSnuli Txzulebebi ara marto akaki<br />
wereTlis idumalebiT moculi poeturi samyaros kidev<br />
5
erT waxnags warmoaCens, aramed, pirvel rigSi, mTeli sisruliT<br />
gvacnobs mas, rogorc mamuliSvilsa da moqalaqes.<br />
am TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT sagulisxmoa mkiTxveli<br />
sazogadoebisTvis ucnobi akakis publicisturi werilebi,<br />
romlebic pirvelad winamdebare krebulSi ibeWdeba.<br />
eWvgareSea, rom mkiTxvelis sagangebo yuradRebas daimsaxurebs<br />
akakis statiebi <strong>literaturis</strong>a da xelovnebis,<br />
istoriis, religiisa da kulturis, sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisa<br />
da ekonomikis sakiTxebze. maTSi poeti sagulisxmo<br />
Sexedulebebs gvTavazobs saqarTvelos politikuri orientaciis,<br />
mezobel xalxebTan mimarTebis, e.w. osmalos<br />
saqarTvelos problemis Sesaxeb. am dRemde ucnob Tu ukve<br />
miviwyebul werilebSi akaki exeba <strong>qarTuli</strong> eTnofsiqologiisa<br />
da kulturis genezisis sakiTxebs; sagulisxmo dakvirvebebs<br />
gvTavazobs `daselebTan~ dakavSirebiT, calsaxad<br />
uaryofiT damokidebulebas avlens im droisaTvis (da<br />
ara mxolod im droisaTvis) moduri karl marqsis moZRvrebis<br />
mimarT; aseve, poeti aqtiurad ganixilavs qalTa<br />
emansipaciis sakiTxs, msjelobs qalis rolisa da daniSnulebis<br />
Sesaxeb qarTul realobaSi da a. S.<br />
krebulSi `akaki wereTeli. ucnobi publicistika~ Tavmoyrili<br />
masala ara marto raodenobrivad aris uxvi (57<br />
erTeuli), aramed Tematuradac mravalferovania. bevri<br />
maTgani mniSvnelobas moklebuli dResac araa. ase, magaliTad,<br />
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom im periodis mwiri<br />
sulieri sazrdoTi `gakaWkaWebulma da ver gawinaswarmetyvelebulma~<br />
adamianebma poetis sicocxleSive aTasgvari<br />
miTqma-moTqmis sababad aqcies misi da ilias urTierTdamokidebulebis<br />
sakiTxi. cxadia, akakis upasuxod ar<br />
dautovebia es faqti, Tumca aTwleulebis manZilze sazogadoebisaTvis<br />
praqtikulad ucnobi rCeboda, Tu rogor<br />
gamoxata poetma, erTi mxriv, sazogadoebis sibeciT gamowveuli<br />
gulistkivili da, meore mxriv, Tavisi didi Tanamedrovisa<br />
da TanamebrZolisadmi usazRvro pativiscema.<br />
werilSi `ilia WavWavaZesTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb~<br />
gulnatkeni poeti ganmartavs: `romSi yoveli gziT SeiZleba<br />
Sesvla~ da Tu Cvenc erTi miznis mimdevari ori sxvadasxva<br />
gziT mivdivarT cal-calke, is aRmosavleTis da me<br />
dasavleTis gziT, es ar niSnavs uTanxmoebas da mtrobas...<br />
akaki ilias yovelgvar nawers qebis taSs ar ukravs. sCans,<br />
6
om emtereba da sZulso. igive Cem Sesaxeb iliazedac amas<br />
hfiqroben... Tu mterzedac kargi iTqmis da moyvarezed<br />
Zviri, ver warmoudgeniaT~.<br />
sazogadoebisaTvis ukanasknel xanebamde ucnobi iyo<br />
somxur-qarTul problematikasTan dakavSirebiT Seqmnili<br />
akakis SesaniSnavi polemikuri xasiaTis werilebi, romlebSic<br />
poeti ekamaTeba somex mecnierebsa da maT mxardam-<br />
WerT. akaki umdidres samecniero masalaze dayrdnobiT<br />
aaSkaravebs saqarTvelos kalTis qveS Semofarebul xizan-<br />
Ta mtaceblur bunebas da maT Sorsmimaval miznebs; Tu<br />
gaviTvaliswinebT, rom erT-erTi maTgani _ `istoriuli<br />
ganxilva saxelwodebisa armenis, haistanis da somxeTis~<br />
(1898) _ win uswrebs ilias `qvaTa RaRads~ (1899), romel-<br />
Sic swored aRniSnuli problemaa gansjis sagnad qceuli,<br />
naTeli gaxdeba, ra didi mniSvneloba hqonda am publikacias<br />
me-19 saukuneSi.<br />
akakim uamravi energia Sealia WiaTuris manganumis<br />
saqmes. samwuxarod, bevrma Tanamedrovem (da ara mxolod)<br />
poetis daintereseba angarebiT axsna, arada mas sul sxva<br />
mizani amoZravebda. akaki kargad xedavda, rom ruseTis imperia<br />
saqarTvelos zneobriv dabeCavebasa da ekonomikur<br />
gamofitvas gegmavda. xelisufleba, rasakvirvelia, groSsac<br />
ar gaimetebda raime iseTi sferos dasafinanseblad,<br />
romelic eris dawinaurebas Seuwyobda xels. gaRaribebuli<br />
qarTveloba ki Tavad saWiroebda materialur Semweobas,<br />
ase rom qvelmoqmedebaze (erTi-ori gamonaklisis<br />
garda) saubaric ar SeiZleboda. saWiro iyo iseTi wyaros<br />
gamonaxva, romelic saqarTvelos solidur Semosavals<br />
miscemda da romlis gankargvis saqmeSi xelisufleba ver<br />
Caereoda. `fuli iseTi manqanaa, rom uimisoT brZola<br />
cxovrebaSi SeuZlebeli da mouxerxebelia. Cveni mama-papebi<br />
Semoseul mters ver moigeriebdnen, gind gmirTagmirebic<br />
yofiliyvnen, Tu iaraRi ara hqonebodaT da farxmali<br />
xelSi ara sWerodaT... dRes, marTalia, cxadad Semoseul<br />
mtrebs vera vxedavT, magram brZola ki, rogorc<br />
ekonomikuri, ise politikuri mainc isev saWiroa da amaTi<br />
far-xmalic mxolod fulia! sanam fuli ar gveqneba qar-<br />
Tvelebs da sxvisi SemCere viqnebiT, Cven yovelTvis xelfex<br />
Sekrul monebad davrCebiT! varT kideca!.. da es miT<br />
ufro samwuxaroa, rom RvTis mocemuli simdidre, qoneba<br />
7
ver mogvixmaria. sxva rom ara iyos-ra, marto es auarebeli<br />
madneuloba, romelic Cvens urgeb mTebSi imaleba, sakmao<br />
ki ara, metic iqneba Cveni qveynis gasamdidreblad~ 1 . akakis<br />
maxvilma gonebam marTlac idealuri gamosavali ipova.<br />
alRoTi mixvda, rom is `qva-gunda~, romelsac imereTSi<br />
`eSmakis qvasac~ uwodebdnen, RvTis mier momadlebuli sa-<br />
Cuqari iyo. man arc dro da arc fuli ar dazoga imisTvis,<br />
rom maRalkvalificiur specialistebs daedasturebinaT<br />
misi varaudi, Semdeg ki yvela Rone ixmara saqmis dasawyebad.<br />
akaki frTaSesxmuli iyo. is marTlac zRapruli Semosavali,<br />
rasac marganecis damuSaveba Semoitanda, poets<br />
piradi keTildReobisaTvis ar esaWiroeboda: `me ase megona,<br />
Tu is mrewveloba marto Cem xelSi iqneboda da ise movixmardi,<br />
rogorc sasargeblo iqneboda qveynisTvis da<br />
erovnul moTxovnilebebs davakmayofilebdi. miwebi xom<br />
qarTvelebis iqneba, _ vambobdi gunebaSi, _ muSebsac qar-<br />
Tvelebs aviyvan da is didi mogeba, romelic mosalodnelia,<br />
Cvenebs SeZlebas miscems, rom sxvadasxva saqvelmoqmedo<br />
sazogadoebac daaweson~ (ix.: winamdebare krebulSi<br />
werili `Savi qvis Tavgadasavali~). samwuxarod, es, Tavad<br />
akakis Tqmis ar iyos, mxolod poeturi ocneba gamodga.<br />
akakis araTu aravin amoudga mxarSi, piriqiT, xeli SeuSales<br />
da sabolood saqmes kidevac CamoaSores. akakis guli<br />
ar gautexavs. is yovelTvis imedovnebda, rom marganecis<br />
saqme adre Tu gvian gadamwyvet rols iTamaSebda qveynis<br />
`gamobrunebis~ sakiTxSi. yvelaferTan erTad, akakis pirvelaRmomCenis<br />
saxelsac Seecilnen. poeti, cxadia, ar<br />
ikadrebda, rom amis gamo dava daewyo, magram mas guli<br />
damcinavma kilom atkina. zogierTi avtoris statiidan<br />
ise gamodioda, rom akaki TviTmarqvia iyo da sxvisi Rvawlis<br />
miTvisebas cdilobda, amitomac saWirod CaTvala<br />
poetma, yovelive kidev erTxel dawvrilebiT moeTxro<br />
sazogadoebisaTvis, raTa bolo moReboda usamarTlo SeniSvnebs,<br />
Tumca statia aRar daubeWdavs. winamdebare krebulSi,<br />
sazogadoebisaTvis ucnob swored am werils gaecnoba<br />
mkiTxveli<br />
akaki wereTeli aqtiurad TanamSromlobda rogorc<br />
qarTul, ise rusul Jurnal-gazeTebTanac. samwuxarod,<br />
1 akaki wereTeli, Savi qvis ambavi, Txz. sr. kreb., t. XIII, Tb., gv. 78.<br />
8
dRemde sagangebo yuradRebis sagnad, faqtobrivad, ar<br />
qceula is literaturuli memkvidreoba, romelic rusul<br />
enaze Seqmna akakim. amjerad warmovadgenT 1894 wels daweril<br />
ramdenime werils, romlebic gazeT `Новое обозрение~-<br />
Si daibeWda da Semdeg arcerT krebulSi aRar moxvedrila.<br />
pirveli ori werili `М.г. г. Редактор~ da `Ответ автору<br />
банковиады~ bankebis sakiTxsa da maTTan dakavSirebul<br />
uTanxmoebas exeba. akaki, romelic sazogadoebis yovelgvari<br />
`progresuli moTxovnilebis~ xorcSesxmis xelSemwyobi<br />
da mxurvale mxardamWeri iyo, imTaviTve sifrTxiliT<br />
moekida saTavadaznauro bankis daarsebis sakiTxs.<br />
cxadia, mas sxvebze naklebad ar esmoda, Tu ramxela mniSvneloba<br />
eqneboda qarTveli erisTvis banks, romelic araerTi<br />
mamuliSviluri wamowyebis finansuri uzrunvelyofis<br />
SesaZleblobas mogvcemda. banki zRaprul natvris-<br />
Tvlad SeiZleboda qceuliyo qarTveli kacisTvis da misi<br />
sami yvelaze sanukvari survili Seesrulebina: 1. sakuTari<br />
miwa-wylis baton-patronad eqcia; 2. ganaTleba mieca;<br />
3. ekonomikuri damoukideblobis wyalobiT politikuri<br />
damoukideblobis mopovebac realuri gaexada; magram<br />
fuli, iseve, rogorc yvela sxva iaraRi _ Tofi, xmali Tu<br />
sxva ram _ frTxil damokidebulebas moiTxovda. winaaRmdeg<br />
SemTxvevaSi sargeblobis nacvlad sazogadoebas zians<br />
moutanda. werilSi `М.г. г. Редактор~ akakim banki samar-<br />
Tebels Seadara, gamoucdeli qarTveloba ki - patara<br />
bavSvs.<br />
poeti arcTu usafuZvlod SiSobda, rom sabazro ekonomikis<br />
kanonebis, finansebisa da sabanko saqmis specifikis<br />
ucodinar xalxs bankis daarseba seriozul safrTxes<br />
Seuqmnida: wvrili memamuleni daufiqreblad daagiravebdnen<br />
TavianT miwebs da CvenTvis damaxasiaTebeli ugulisyurobiTa<br />
da araseriozulobiT ukanasknel sarCo-sabadebelsac<br />
dakargavdnen. TumcaRa poetis amgvari paTosiT<br />
gamsWvaluli publikaciebi ufro TanamedroveTaTvis realobaze<br />
Tvalis axelas isaxavda miznad da ara bankis gaxsnisTvis<br />
xelis SeSlas. akakis arc SemdegSi dautoveba<br />
uyuradRebod es sakiTxi.<br />
am werilebis gacnoba mkiTxvels kidev erTxel daarwmunebs,<br />
ramdenad mZimea sazogado moRvawis xvedri. Tu<br />
9
TviT akakisac ki, romelic xalxis usazRvro siyvaruliTa<br />
da pativiscemiT sargeblobda, ase xSirad stkendnen<br />
guls, ra mdgomareobaSi iqnebodnen danarCenebi? WeSmaritad<br />
gauzviadeblad Tqva akakim:<br />
`diax! qarTvel moRvawes<br />
yvelas TvalSi vamcirebT:<br />
sicocxleSi vatirebT,<br />
rom mokvdeba _ vitirebT!~ 1<br />
krebulSi mkiTxveli aranakleb saintereso sxva publicistur<br />
werilebsac gaecnoba. aqvea warmodgenili Rirseul<br />
mamuliSvilTa (grigol episkoposis, dimitri<br />
yifianis, g. RoRoberiZisa da sxv.) xsovnisadmi miZRvnili<br />
sityvebi; ama Tu im saqveyno mniSvnelobis movlenasTan<br />
dakavSirebuli mimarTvis teqstebi, interviuebi da sxva<br />
Canawerebi.<br />
akaki wereTlis Semoqmedeba Cveni kulturuli sagan-<br />
Zuris nawilia. amdenad, <strong>SoTa</strong> <strong>rusTavelis</strong> <strong>qarTuli</strong> <strong>literaturis</strong><br />
<strong>instituti</strong>s mecnier-TanamSromlebis mier akakis<br />
axlad gamovlenili Tu usamarTlod miviwyebuli publicisturi<br />
nawerebis erTad Tavmoyra da mkiTxvelisaTvis<br />
SeTavazeba, vimedovnebT, mniSvnelovan kulturul-literaturul<br />
movlenad iqceva.<br />
1 akaki wereTeli, damarxva, Txz. sr. kreb., t. III, gv. 222.<br />
10<br />
nana fruiZe
simarTlis Worikanoba<br />
didi xania am `ciskris~ upativcemulesT mkiTxveleb-<br />
Tan laparaki msurs, magram aqamdis sxvadasxva mizezebi<br />
mabrkolebdnen. amJamad mravali azri maqvs gamosacxadebeli<br />
da ar vici, romeli daviwyo da rogor vilaparako. me<br />
mxolod es fiqri mawuxebs, rom ar vici, ra ufro sasiamovno<br />
da sasargeblo iqneba CemTa mkiTxvelTaTvis? sxvadasxva<br />
qveynis rom movhyve, Tu Cvens sazogadoebazed rom<br />
daviwyo laparaki, Cvens sulzed da xorczed? vaiTu am<br />
pirvelsave SemTxvevaSi mravalni damemdurnen da hsTqvan:<br />
sxva qveynebis anbavi ra saWiro ariso, jer Cvenic rom ar<br />
viciTo, da Tu Cvens Tavzed laparaks Seudeqi da sxva da<br />
sxva Cveni Rirseba Tu naklulevaneba warmovsTqvi, vaiTu<br />
amazedac gamiwyren da sTqvan: es anbebi ra saWiro ariso,<br />
vin ar iciso. amas garda, Cvens Tavzed laparaki cota<br />
Znelic aris amisTvis rom Cven qarTvelebs, rogorc mogexsenebaT,<br />
patara ampartavnoba gvaqvs da Cvenis naklulevanebis<br />
gamocxadeba ar iqneba, rom ar viwyinoT. maS ra<br />
vqnaT, rogor davmaloT es swore anbavi, am axlo xanebSi<br />
rom moxda? aras qveyanaSi arca yofila, arc aris da arc<br />
iqneba sruli, sazogado mTeli eris ganaTleba. yovelgan<br />
asea, rom zogni win arian wasulni, zogni ukan darCenilan,<br />
rogorc maRali xe _ zogs toti rom camdisa aqvs asuli<br />
da zogi rom dedamiwas Zlivs ascilebia, amiTi vinugeSoT<br />
Tavi da mivuteoT im Cvenis sazogadoebis nawilsa, romelic<br />
gonierebiT da mxedvelobiT ukan aris darCenili da<br />
ise moqmedebs, rogorc muStis krivis samarTlis droebi<br />
13
om yofila, im droebs Seefereba. axlandels droSi ki<br />
SeiZleba cotaodeni neba viqonioT da zogierTi anbavi<br />
Sesabamis TavisuflebiT warmovsTqvaT _ oRond ki patiosnebisa<br />
da wesdebulebis winaaRmdegi ara iyos ra.<br />
pirvelad mogilocavT sayvarelno qarTvelno, or sasiamovno<br />
anbavsa: erTs sibrZne sicruis wignis dabeWdvasa<br />
da meores erTis ymawvilis kacis ruseTSi gasanaTleblad<br />
gagzavnas.<br />
madloba RmerTs, Zlivs erTi <strong>qarTuli</strong> wigni daibeWda!<br />
es didi da iSviaTi anbavia CvenSi. an rogor ar unda iyos<br />
didi anbavi, TviTqmis am aTs weliwadSi wigni ar dabeWdila<br />
ra Cvens enazed am `ciskris~ garda. umorCilesad<br />
gTxovT, es anbavi sxvagan arsad wamogcdesT, rom angliCanebma<br />
an amerikelebma ar Segvityon, Torem ras ityvian?<br />
sxva ara iyos ra sasacilod agvigdeben. imaTs qveynebSi<br />
weliwadSi imdeni furclebi gamodis, rom erTierTmaneTs<br />
gadaaban, camdis aswvdeba. erTxel maxsovs, `ciskarSi~ gancxadeba<br />
ewera, romeliTac erisTavi gvatyobinebda Tavis<br />
wadilsac _ yvela <strong>qarTuli</strong> wignebis dabeWdvasa, _ magra<br />
am keTilma ganzraxvamac ise Caiara, rogorc mraval sxva<br />
sasargeblo azrs Cauvlia aRusrulebelsa, bevrs ki uTqvams,<br />
Tu ar undodaT dabeWdvao, raRaT gvpirdebodnen,<br />
Zalas vin atandao. magram ratom? imedic kargia. amas mainc<br />
ityvian, ama da am dros Cvenca gvqonia kargi ganzraxviT.<br />
arcTu Cvenc gaxlavarT marTalni am saqmeSi, piri<br />
rom dagviRia da raRacas SevscqerivarT, viTom ras veliT?<br />
yovelifers xom mTavroba ver gagvikeTebs: `mTavroba<br />
erTia, xalxi asi aTasia. Cven Tu aras vimecadinebT Cvenis<br />
sargeblobisaTvis, Tu Cvenve Tu ar gavanZrevT xelsa,<br />
marto mTavrobam ra unda hyos. rogorc mogexsenebaT, laparaki<br />
qarTvelebs xSirad gviyvars da roca laparakSi mizezis<br />
Zebnazed mTavrdeba saqme, maSinve marSlebs wavswvdebiT<br />
xolme: visi bralia Tu ara marSlebisao; balebisaTvis<br />
Tu imden fuls gvarTmeven, erTxel amgvari saqmisaTvis<br />
gamogvarTono, `mizez-mizez, dos marili akliao~, er-<br />
14
Ti mibrZaneT, Tqveni Wirime, aq marSlebisa ra bralia, Tu<br />
gsurT, Tqven TviTon SeagroveT fuli da ise keTilad moixmareT,<br />
rogorc amjobinebdeT. Zmebsa da ded-mamas advilad<br />
gaveyrebiT xolme, Cveni Tavis patronoba TviTon<br />
Cvenve unda SegveZlos. daudevneloba ki maSin ufro mZimed<br />
dagvawveba xolme zurgzeda, rodesac sazogado saWiroeba<br />
gagviCndeba xolme. da amas ki aRara vfiqrobT, ros<br />
sazogado saWiroeba is aris, rodesac yvelas uWirs. rac<br />
mTavrobisagan iqneba Cveni xelis gasamarTavi, imaSi mar-<br />
Slebi diax wagvexmarebian da rac mTavrobas ar Seexeba, iq<br />
marSalic is aris, rac me var, Sena xar, is aris, Tqvena<br />
brZandebiT da isini hsufeven. mxneoba, baqar qarTlelisa<br />
ara iyos, marto erTsa da ors ki ara, yvelas gvmarTebs.<br />
ra aris am sityvebSi sibrZne da ra aris sicruve, es<br />
Tqven gaSinjeT, sayvarelno da me mxolod es neba miboZeT,<br />
rom oriod sityva kidev mogaxsenoT: erTs sazogadoebaSi<br />
didi dava iyo, undodaT SeetyoT, es axali `sibrZne sicruis~<br />
wigni visgan aris gamocemuli: erTi iZaxda u. Cubinovisaganao,<br />
meore u. topaZisaganao, sxvani ki anbobdnen:<br />
magaTi rom yofiliyo, Taviss saxels uTuod gamoacxadebdneno,<br />
maS visgan ariso? hkiTxes imaT, _ u. peterburRis<br />
studentebisaganao. Tumca saxeli da gvari arc imaT gamoucxadebiaT<br />
sxvadasxva mizezebisa gamo, magram, swored<br />
viciT, rom maTgan aris gamocemulio. radgan ase hswore-<br />
Ta hscodniaT, _ gvikvirs, ratom ver gaubedavT u. studentebs<br />
Tavisi saxelisa da gvaris gamocxadeba, unda imalebodes<br />
cudi da saTakilo. keTili da sasiqadulo raT<br />
unda imalebodes. adre rom yofiliyo, ar iqneboda gasakvirveli,<br />
magram exla sworeT mogaxsenoT, amgvari SiSi<br />
cota ucnauric aris. me mgonia, u. studentebs TviTonac<br />
kargad moexsenebaT umizezo eWvebi arasdros ar varga.<br />
vin ras ityoda, rom TavianTi gvarebi gamoecxadebinaT.<br />
vin ra danaSaulobas ipovida amaSi. iqneba ifiqroT vinme!<br />
rom Cveni ganaTleba ar undodes vinmes! maS, magdeni ymawvilebi<br />
ras izrdebian xelmwifis xazinis xarjiTa. iqneba<br />
15
ifiqros vinmem, rom Cvens qarTuls enazed wignebis dabeWdva<br />
sawyenod miaCndes visme! maS raT daubeWdams magdeni<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> wigni imperatoris samecniero akademiasa? RvTis<br />
gulisaTvis, ra safiqrebelia esa. maS SegvatyobineT<br />
RvTis gulisaTvis, ram daabrkola u. studentebi, rom Tavisi<br />
saxeli ar gamoacxades da axla ar viciT, vis unda<br />
SevswirvideT madlobasa `sibrZne sicruis~ mSvenivrad<br />
dabeWdvisaTvis? ra gaewyoba! dausaxeleblad unda davlocoT:<br />
RmerTma gvicocxlos keTili studentebi da<br />
gvimravlos imaTi Rirsi amxanagebi: imaTgan veliT sazogadod<br />
sasargeblo saqmeebsa. isini unda iyvnen Cveni ganmanaTlebelni,<br />
imaT unda gadmorgon Cvens qveyanaSi axali<br />
hswavla, axali azri, axali mdgomareobis mowyoba, isini<br />
unda iyvnen winamZRvarni Cuflenis sazogadoebisa da mociqulni<br />
keTilzneobiTis ganaTlebisa.<br />
aTas xuTasi wigni daubeWdiaT `sibrZne sicruisa~.<br />
orasi qaRaldis valSi miuciaT, danarCeni aq gamougzavniaT<br />
gasasyidaT. madloba unda SevswiroT u. nikoloz<br />
WavWavaZes da imiss TanaSemweebs, romelTac Sroma miuRiaT<br />
am wignebis gasyidvazed. egreTve vmadlobT u. inokents<br />
moZRvarovs _ xuT dReSi rom ormoci wigni daariga. did<br />
madlobas uZRvniT u. dimitri afxazs, samasi wigni rom<br />
auRia im pirobiT, rom Tu ver daariga, fasi TviTon gaiRos,<br />
agreTve, vmadlobT imaT, visac TviTo wignis magierad<br />
or-ori da umetesi auRiaT da vmadlobT yvela WeSmarits<br />
qarTvelsa, visac siamovnebiT miuRia am wignebis<br />
dabeWdva. amasTan ar SemiZlian esec ar mogaxsenoT, sayvarelno<br />
mkiTxvelno, rom zogierTs SemZlebels Cvenis sazogadoebisagans<br />
yidvis magieraT, dauciniaT kidec da<br />
uTqvamT: ra saWiro ariso, rom magaSi fuli ar mivsceTo.<br />
xelnawerebic bevri gviyria Sinao. oris SemZlebelis kacisaTvis<br />
eTxovnaT, rom erTi wignic aris aeRoT, magram<br />
imaT uari eTqvaT, mere rom ar moSvebodnen, sanaxevroT<br />
eyidnaT erTi wigni. amisTana saqmes axsna aRar unda. namdvil<br />
anbavs mogaxseneben, rom u. Cveni studentebi kidev<br />
16
apiroben sxva <strong>qarTuli</strong> wignebis gamocemasa, RmerTma ke-<br />
Tilad aRasrulebinos es survili.<br />
es xom kargi anbavi iyo. axla sxva unda mogaxsenoT, er-<br />
Ti ymawvili kacis gagzavna saswavleblad peterburgis<br />
universitetSi. pirveli azri am saganzed ekuTvnis, rogorc<br />
SevityeT, ors ymawvil kacsa, romelTac saxelis<br />
gamocxadeba kargi iqneboda, magram neba ara gvaqvs. erTs<br />
imaTSi eTqva meorisaTvis, ama da am Cemma mcnobebma erTi<br />
ymawvili qarTveli miqeso da imisi sruli Txzuleba wamikiTxeso,<br />
sworeT giTxra, Zalian momewona da ifiqre Cemi<br />
gakvirveba, roca miTxres, rom mag mSvenieris Txzulebis<br />
avtori (damweri, SemTxzvelia) saswavlebelSi arsada yofilao<br />
da am mcire JamSi viRasac uCvenebia rusuli anbani,<br />
iqidam umoZRvrod TviTon Sehyolia hswavlasa da ise ganuviTarebia<br />
Tavisi Tavi rusuls enaSi da gauxsnia Tavisi<br />
goneba, rogorc diaR kargsa da didixnis mowafeso. codva<br />
ar aris rom amisTana niWsa rigiani hswavla ar mieceso. ra<br />
gvariao, hkiTxa Turme meorem, esa da es gvario. vici, magisi<br />
qeba mec mravali gamigoniao. marTla samwuxaro iqneba,<br />
rom magisTana gonierma ymawvilma kacma rigiani hswavla<br />
ver miiRoso. da ai ra mouxerxoT: fulebi movkrifoT,<br />
xeli SeuwyoT da saswavleblad ruseTSi gavistumroTo.<br />
amdens patiosans qarTvelebSi TxuTmetiod kacs rogor<br />
ver vipovniT, rom weliwadSi Tormeti maneTis gamoReba<br />
ar gauWirdeTo. me Tunda axlave mogiTvli aTas, Tormet<br />
kacsa, rom ueWvelad didis sixaruliT gamoiReben weliwadSi<br />
Tormet-Tormets maneTs am keTili saqmisaTvisao,<br />
_ diax kargi iqnebao, upasuxa Turme pirvelma, exlav waval<br />
da im ymawvilis amxanagebs Sevatyobineb, isinic uTuod<br />
Segvewevian am saqmeSio. amaT didis siamovnebiT miuRiaT<br />
es anbavi, maSinve gaekeTebinaT sia fulebis mosakrefi<br />
da rac am sagans Seefereboda oriod sityva daeweraT da<br />
TviTonac Tve da Tve TviTo maneTis micema moeweraT minamdisin<br />
is ymawvili saxelmwifo xarjzed miiRebodes: mere<br />
aqa-iq daetarebinaT sia da SeegrovebinaT Tvramet<br />
17
Tumnamdin. eyidnaT samgzavro tanisamosi, aeRoT policiidam<br />
mowmoba, eSovnaT mgzavri da ymawvili kaci gaestumrebinaT.<br />
aba, rogor ar gvmarTebs madloba imaTTan, vinc<br />
miiRo monawileoba am keTils saqmeebSi. RmerTma inebos,<br />
rom amgvari keTili saqme xSirad moxdebodes Cvens qveyanaSi,<br />
davrdomili rom aris axla da moelis aRdgenasa da<br />
aRyvavebas, mxolod WeSmaritis hswavlisagan.<br />
rasakvirvelia, am azris winaaRmdegnic gamoCenilan da<br />
uTqvamT: `vin aris, visa hgzavniTo da risTvis hgzavniTo;<br />
eg hswavlulebi da mecnierebi aqac bevrni arian da ase vici,<br />
vis ra xeiri daayareso~. ramdeni amisTana sityvebi gaegonaT<br />
kideva, visac dahqondaT mosaweri sia, ai, magali-<br />
Tad, erTs eTqva: ra unda movawero, eg umaRlesis hswavlisaTvis<br />
midis da me umdablesic ar mimiRiao. meores mdidars<br />
sityviT Zalian eqo ymawvilis gagzavna, magram saqmiT<br />
ver daemtkicebina, radganac coli axal kabas Turme<br />
ikeramda sabaloT. mesames manaTi moewera, magram aRar mieca,<br />
paltos vakervineb da fuli mWirdebao. meoTxes xu-<br />
Tis maneTis mowera Turme eTakileboda, momatebuli um-<br />
Zimda da am keTilis mizeziT ara moewera ra. erTs pativcemuls<br />
gvamsac ekiTxna siis mimtanisaTvis: Tqven ra sabu-<br />
TiT agrovebT mag fulebsao? ar vicodi, rom keTils saqmes<br />
sabuTi moundebodao, siis mimtans miego. pativcemuls<br />
gvams eTqva: meore esa, mag ymawvilis gvari qarTvelisas<br />
ara hgavso da arc me var qarTvelio, Tumca... var qarTvelebisao.<br />
roca yvela sityvis pasuxi miego siis mtarebels,<br />
maSin eTqva: me ver movawer xelsa da Tqvenc gafrTxileb-<br />
To. erTi pativcemuli gvamisaTvisac eTxovnaT rom moewera,<br />
magram uari eTqva, moawereTo, Torem `ciskarSi~ CagwerTo,<br />
_ `ciskarSi~ ara da locvanSiac rom CamweroT, mainc<br />
ar movawero.<br />
18<br />
m. ruseTume.<br />
[1860]
axali ambebi<br />
kargia didi kacis Sviloba da nametur didi Cinis qona;<br />
didi Cinosani rom viyo, ueWvelia rom rac unda davwero,<br />
yvela didi siamovnebiT waikiTxaven da metyvian: `RmerTs<br />
SenTvis didi kacis Sviloba da Cinic moucia da masTan<br />
Zalian niWieri kalami; Tqveni statia `ciskarSi~ ise brwyinavda,<br />
rogorc venera Tavis Tanametolidgan~. magram me<br />
sawyali, ara Tu didi, arc pawawina Cinis patroni var da<br />
rac unda davwero, mainc aravin waikiTxavs da am mizezisaTvis<br />
daviwyeb nel-nela laybobas da movaxseneb aqaurs<br />
ambebs, visac ar gaugonia da surs, rom gaigos.<br />
batonebo, CvenSi iseTi Cveuleba gaxlavs, rom rogorc<br />
`ciskars~ miiReben Tu ara, maSinve daxedaven, Tu visi ra<br />
statiebi aris, Tu avtoris gvari moewonaT, maSin xom didi<br />
siamovnebiT waikiTxaven, Tu ara, daagdeben da daxeven.<br />
axla mogaxsenebT, zogs Zvels da zogs axal ambebs, magram<br />
batonebo, ar gegonoT, Tu am Cems statias vismes SegonebiT<br />
vswerde, an gamojavrebiT (zogierTebiviT) ara, Rmer-<br />
Tmani ara! warsuli Tvis Tebervlis `ciskarSi~ u. efTvime<br />
wereTelma ineba, ramodenime sityvis dawera T. i. WavWava-<br />
Zeze da am statiam Zalian bevri xalxi agvilaparaka, ase<br />
rom TiTqmis ra drosac unda gagevloT bulvarSi, ueWvelia,<br />
rom gaigonebdiT `Cveni efTvimes statia waikiTxeo~.<br />
Tqven nu momikvdebiT, Zalian kargi statiao, Zalian<br />
karga dauwera T.WavWavaZeso~. egreTve bevrs ojaxebSi gaigonebdiT<br />
efTvime wereTelze laparaks. vgoneb, ar vici,<br />
meCveneboda Tu ra mizezi iyo, roca bulvarSi marto davdiodi,<br />
sul es sityvebi mesmoda: `efTvimes statiao~.<br />
saSineli, SeCvenebuli ram arian peterburRSi Cveni<br />
ymawvilebi! guSin erTma Cemma amxanagma miambo, rom vi-<br />
Tomc u. efTvime wereTlis statiaze pasuxs apireben da<br />
vnaxoT, ravari an rogori iqneba u. Tergdaleulebis statiebi.<br />
Cven ar gveSinian imaTi, garwmunebT, rom Zalian vemzadebiT,<br />
miugoT Cven magieri pasuxi _ `ara sakvirvelia,<br />
19
ara sawinaaRmdego sazogadoebisa~. marTla, es ras gavs,<br />
batonebo; axlandeli WrelaZeebis moqmedebaebi, TiTon ar<br />
ician, ras Sobian, iZaxian: `Cvena varT, Cven~, da bolos ki<br />
vxedavT, rom sul tyuilad yvirodnen. maT yvirils aba ra<br />
sargebloba moutania? sruliad arasferi! sul erTi<br />
efektis da Tergdaleulebis wamxedurobiT yvirian da<br />
aSeneben: Tu ras, angariSi ar aqvT amaT planebs.<br />
wineT amisa, roca marSals virCevdiT, ra planebi dasaxes<br />
rom icodeT, batonebo, gagikvirdebaT. aba, Tqveni<br />
Wirime: rionSi paraxodi Semoiyvanes quTaisamdis, mermeT<br />
quTaisidgan qalaqamdis rkinis gza gaakeTes, ase rom italiis<br />
operaSi wavidnen saRamos da vaxSmaT ki operis Semdgom<br />
quTaisSi movidnen. baraqala rkinis gzav! raRa, rCeva<br />
rom kiTxoT, arian yoCaRebi, magram saqmeSi sustoben; araferia,<br />
ymarwvilebi brZandebian, yovelTvis miewevian,<br />
TiTqmis arc jeerani wauvaT muxlad!!! amas wineT, gimnazielebma<br />
sazogadoebis SewevniT warmoadgines quTaisSi<br />
sxvadasxva Teatrebi `Raribebis sasargeblod~, magram Teatris<br />
gaTavebis Semdgom klubSi kargi maspinZloba qondaT,<br />
aseTi maspinZloba ki hqondaT, rom TiTqmis `Raribebi~<br />
daaviwydaT. RmerTma uSveloT, mec damalevines erTi<br />
ori Wiqa Rvino da ar vici, raRaca SuSxuna iyo iseTi kargi<br />
ram iyo, bevri vloce imis dalevinebisaTvis.<br />
didi xani ar aris, rac giaxlen Cven quTaisSi komedianCikebi,<br />
ar vici, ra mizezisTvis eZaxian komedianCikebs<br />
quTaisSi; ufro marTali saxeli unda iyos, vgoneb, Tu ar<br />
meSleba, `voltiJorebi~? Tavis dReSi ar SexTomian amis-<br />
Tana bednierebas es komedianCikebi; vgoneb, boSvic ar aklia<br />
arc erTs amaTs warmodgenebs. Zalian fulis mogebaSi<br />
arian, iZaxian, amisTana Zvirad yofila sadmeo, TiTqmis<br />
evropaSidac saxelganTqmulni ariano da dasamtkiceblad<br />
TavianTi sityvebisa mowmoben im pirebT, romelic yofilan<br />
ruseTSi. magram batonebo, es rasa gavs? ruseTumeebs<br />
rom moewonoT, ueWvelad Cvenc unda moviwonoT? ra pirobaSi<br />
an raT. nuTu yoveliferi unda moviwonoT, rac imaT<br />
20
moewonos? ara, ara! Tu ar gamiwyrebiT erTs mogaxsenebT:<br />
amdon fuls rom xarjavs Cveni sazogadoeba sul tyuila<br />
ubralod, is umjobesi ar iyo, rom Cveni sakuTari Teatri<br />
gvqonoda? Zalian sasargeblo ram iqneboda.<br />
nuTu komedianCikebis yureba sjobdes? ara, Tamamad<br />
vityvi, ara. aseTi ram fokusniki gaxlavs Cveni wveriani<br />
germani, rom marTla gasakvirali ram aris ubralo xalxisaTvis,<br />
magram erTjer Tu orjer. aba, erTi daukvirdiT,<br />
visac Tqvengan Teatri unaxavs, da warmoidgineT ki piruTvnelad<br />
T. g. erisTavis melodramaSi `SeSlili~, saca<br />
giJi qali Sav kabaSi TmagaSlili mRers da laparakobs. me<br />
ara mgonia, qarTvelisaTvis amaze ukeTesi kartina vinmem<br />
moZebnos. magram Tu ise warmoadgineT <strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri,<br />
rogorc `vefxvis tyaosnis~ warmodgenas apirebdiT, maSin<br />
ueWvelia, rom cudi ram iqneba Cveni <strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri. batonebo,<br />
Tqvenve kargad mogexsenebaT, rom aktioroba da<br />
aktrisoba Tval-tanadobaze ki ar aris, esec erTi didi<br />
niWia da nametur im kacma an qalma rogor unda iTamaSos<br />
rame roli TeatrSi, romelsac arc Teatri unaxavs, da<br />
arc SeuZlian warmoidginos, Tu rarig an ra aris Teatri.<br />
SarSan vefxistyaosnis warmodgenas rom apirebdnen,<br />
maSin misTana aktiorebs eZebdnen, rogoric moqmedni pirebi<br />
axovnebiT arian `vefxvis tyaosanSi~ warmodgenili,<br />
is ki aRar ganiZraxes, rom im kacebs, romelic dRes TavianTi<br />
axovnebiT saxelganTqmuli arian imereTSi, SeuZlianT<br />
Tu ara iTamaSon rolebi im grZnobiT, rogoric<br />
grZnobas da aktioris mixra-moxras TviTon poema Txovilobs.<br />
nuTu Cven, mayurebelni, unda davjerdeT aktiorebis<br />
mosulobas, e. i. imaT simaRles, mosulobas da piris<br />
saxeobas? me mgonia, rom amgvari sikeTe aktiorebisa Zalian<br />
fuWia, nametur `vefxis tyaosnisaTvis~, romelic Zalian<br />
cudaT aris gadakeTebuli da metis meti didia TeatrSi<br />
warmosadgenaT. da amgvari komedianCikebi, rogoric eseni<br />
brZandebian, iSovnian fulebs Tu ara, maSinve Tavis gzisken<br />
gaudgebian. an ki raRa mogeba eqnebaT maSin, roca erTi<br />
21
da igive warmodgenas aTasjer ganimeoreben, magram axla<br />
ki cxovrebaSi arian.<br />
visac unda SexedoT, yoveli kaci mirbis am bulvarSi.<br />
rom dauZaxoT, ai, mixail, konstantine, giorgi, vaxtang da<br />
sxvebs, sad midixar, ueWvelia TaviTac da xelebiTac gaCveneben,<br />
rom komediaCikebTan mieSureba. guli Semiwuxes<br />
amaTze amdonma laparakma, ai, guSin imisTana warmodgena<br />
iyo, rom jer imisTana ar yofila. sasamarTlo adgilebSidac<br />
metze aRaraferze vlaparakobT _ ai, komediaCikebi<br />
da komediaCikebi. saSinel ram zarali mouvida Cven bulvars,<br />
sasamarTloebis win rom alayafis karebia, aRar eSvebian<br />
xalxi dilidam saRamomdi. Tu Wian papirozs smen,<br />
Tu laparakoben, visac axali ambis gagoneba gnebavT, aq<br />
mobrZandiT da gaigoneT. arc kvirea amisaTvis da arc<br />
aRdgoma, mousvenebeli ram aris sawyali. Cveni sazogadoeba<br />
dilidgan saRamomdis vizits ukeTebs am patara adgils.<br />
ise gauWirda sawyals amtoni stumrianobiT saqme,<br />
rom qvesknelSi gaparvas apirebs. Zalian Zirs daiwia am adgils<br />
Cvenma bulvarma, ase rom cota wvima roca aris, mis-<br />
Tana tba dgeba xolme am alayafis karebTan, SeiZleba rionis<br />
paraxodma Tavisuflad iaros. Rirs mxolod, rom patara<br />
Txrili gaWran axal xidamdis da mere, rasakvirvelia,<br />
rom Tavisuflad Samova rionis paraxodi. rogor unda<br />
vifiqroT, TavSesagrovebeli adgili iqneba butkasTan<br />
da unda ganviZraxoT, rom gvian Tu adre is adgilic Zirs<br />
daiweva, maSin ueWvelia, rom gaTxrian Txrils da SeaerTeben<br />
ase, rom aziis venecia iqneba Cveni quTaisi. maSin uyureT<br />
Cvens sazogadoebas. patara navebs gaiwyoben da daiwyeben<br />
seirnobas da vizitobas. erTi sityviT, ganaTlda<br />
Cveni quTaisi; komedianCikebi xom qveyanaze ar aris amaT-<br />
Tana. rionSi paraxodi Semodis butkamdis da mere ki rkinis<br />
gza aris qalaqamdis, magram Zalian SiSoben, rom xaragaulis<br />
gzaSi vagoni ar daemtvreT da amisTvis Cvenma WrelaZeebma<br />
ganiZraxes, rom butkidan gaiyvanon Txrili da<br />
wyalwiTelas SeaerTon, mermeT wyalwiTela undaT, rom<br />
22
SeaerTon WiSuras. cota jafa mouvaT, magram amaT fantazias<br />
veraferi ver Seayenebs.<br />
mermeT Seyvebian yvirilas da yvirilidgan sxva wylebiT<br />
mivlen moliTamdis, moliTidgan cota jafa daWirdebaT,<br />
rom tkvars SeaerTon. ai, batonebo, ra plania da an<br />
rogor naTldeba Cveni quTaisi? axlac ki RvTis mowyalebiT,<br />
kargi ganaTlebulia, Svid saaTze amodis mze da eqvsze<br />
Cadis. sicxeebic Zalian aris, ase, rom ganaTlebasTan<br />
arc sicxe aklia. raRa unda meti Cvens quTaiss? kmara amdoni<br />
laparaki WrelaZeebze, viciT, rogorc brZandebian.<br />
magram nuTu araferi vTqvaT im ymarwvil qalebze, romelic<br />
brZandebian WrelaZeebis msgavsi? imaTi istoria rom<br />
mogiyveT, sworeT imdoni iqneba, rom es Cemi statia Tavs<br />
mogabezrebs mkiTxvelebs da umjobesia, vetto, rom mokled<br />
vsTqva ramodenime sityva Cven ymarwvil qalebze:<br />
wminda ninos saswavlebels, romelic aris dafuZnebuli<br />
uganaTlebulesis kneina varancovisagan, didi sargebloba<br />
moaqvs, ai, rogor: Cveni qalebi diaR karga swavloben<br />
rusulis tanciobas, sazogadoebaSi Tamamad sxva da sxva<br />
sagnebzed sjian. maT Tumca ar aswavlian Zvel xelsaqmeebs<br />
da ojaxis movlas, romliTac aqamdis imerlis qalebi iyvnen<br />
naqebi, magram an ki raRa saWiroa axlandel droSi<br />
(marTali ar gegonosT)? magram erTi es sazogado SeniSvna<br />
unda mivsceT ganaTlebul qalebs: Tqven rom qarTulad<br />
elaparakebodeT, is pasuxs gaigebs yovelTvis rusuleb<br />
(diaR, didi mosawonia vaime)! magram xandisxan siCqaris<br />
gamo urevs qarTuls, ai, am rigaT: eiboRu ki marTalia, pa-<br />
Jalusta, wadi ia nenaviJu Sen, eto ras niSnavs, mne nenravitsia<br />
Zalian, Saliko, zaCem gabutuli ti dRes da sxvani<br />
mravalni. vaime, vaime, me sabralos! ramodeni ginebas da<br />
wyevlas gamomigzavnian ymawvili qalebi, magram bevri<br />
imaTgani keTili gulis brZandebian da ityvian: ras erCiT<br />
sawyals marTalis werisaTvis, roca Tqven magre laparakobT,<br />
kide cota dagiweraT, ueWvelia aRar gaaxsendebodao.<br />
23
ara, batonebo! gaxsenebiT da moazrebiT bevrs gavixsenebdi,<br />
magram Tqvens wyenas veridebi. amas wineT sadilad<br />
erT Cem megobar kacTan viyavi, erTma ymawvilma qalma<br />
fanjaraSi gaixeda da ikiTxa: eto ra aris? saxlis saxeli<br />
veRar moigona qarTuleb; veRar moigona Tu moiwona Tavi<br />
miT, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> daaviwyda, isic ar vici. am patiosan<br />
qals iseTi kiTxva mouvida, rogorc erTma imerlis Raribis<br />
qalma suli moidga da mermeT kiTxva daiwyo: netavi vicode,<br />
is ra ba-la qia, romelic qorcs da qels cvams, maSin<br />
meore imerelma miugo: eg is balaxia, romelsac ymawvilobaze<br />
Tqven krefdiT da rCebodiT: mag balaxs qvian Win-<br />
Wari. arc erTxel dauSaSxavs TqvenTvis xelebi da Zalian<br />
keTilis gulis yofilxarT, rom avis daviwyeba gcodniaT.<br />
marTla, erTSi ki Zalian saqebi brZandebian is zogierTi<br />
ymawvili qalebi, romelsac veZaxiT WrelaZeebs;<br />
Zalian mlocveli brZandebian, xSirad dadian xan mowame-<br />
Tas, xan gelaTs _ ara Tu marto isini? ara, bevri sxva<br />
ymawvilebi WrelaZeebiTurT, roca wabrZandebian, ai, rogorc<br />
amas wineT gelaTs, erTi ormoc cxenosan nakleb ar<br />
wavlen, cxenosnobaze ra unda vTqva: erTi-meores jobian.<br />
magram Cvenda saubedurod, xandisxan CamobrZandebian mosasveneblad<br />
wyalwiTelas pirze, gelaTisaken mwvane molze,<br />
xis Crdilis qveS (romliTac amtkiceben qarTlis Svilobas)<br />
da aris saSineli sma da molxena; ase rom saca<br />
apirebdnen misvlas, is adgili aviwydebaT da yvirian. mere<br />
wavideT, ai, xval, xvaleobaSi rom midian, maSinac sxvadasxva<br />
mizezebis gamo veRar asruleben iq misvlas, da rom<br />
kiTxoT: sad iyvnen, ueWvelia, getyviT, gelaTso, magram<br />
aSoros ki, batonebo!!! dromdis mSvidobiT.<br />
24<br />
Terg daleuli<br />
1862 welsa<br />
15 aprili<br />
q. quTaisi
WeSmaritebis aRdgineba<br />
ymawvili rom enas amoidgams, mSobeli iseT aRtacebaSi<br />
modis, rom nametanis surviliTa da ndomiT ucnaurad ixatavs<br />
Tavis naSobs da mis ubralo titinSi, momavlisaTvis<br />
geniosur ramesa hxedavs da imedisagan motyuebuls, aTasnairaT,<br />
amaod utkbeba awmyo. ra magisTana Wkviani iyos<br />
mSobeli, mainc ebmeva amgvar maxeSi da miT ufro advilaT,<br />
Tu sxva Svilebi im erTis garda yvela glaxebi hyavs. e. i.<br />
yru da munjebi! swored am gvarad mouvida u. giorgi<br />
wereTels moeniZis Sesaxeb: 1867-sa w. erT dRes tfilisSi<br />
Sevxvdi giorgi wereTels, romelic metis sixarulisagan<br />
krikinazed (yurZenzed) damTvral SaSviviT Wyloyinebda;<br />
me kargad vicodi, rom imas kerZo rame ise ver aitacebda<br />
da rom kidec aetacna, ise ar gamoaSkaravebda!.. Sevatyve,<br />
rom raRac sazogado uxaroda da amisaTvis mec movindome<br />
Setyoba da ai, ra miTxra: `momilocavs, Cven SegveZina erTi<br />
poeti, romlis energiulma leqsebma didi STabeWdileba<br />
moaxdines mkiTxvelebSi. ara Tu CvenSi, ase gasinje rom,<br />
sxvebis literaturaSidac ZviraT vinmes gadoudgams ase<br />
Zlierad pirveli biji!.. ai, is leqsebi waikiTxe da miTxari<br />
Seni hazric!~ _ rodesac wavikiTxe suyvela, me sicili<br />
amityda da es vupasuxe wereTels: `es leqsebi dauweria<br />
Zalian Wkvian Tavs, iqa-aq etyoba, rom hazrs gulic gauTbia,<br />
magram poetikuri da xelovnuri ki, aq ara aris ra. es<br />
leqsi gakvecili prozaa. leqs-gvarad rom ar daweriliyo,<br />
mainc sasiamovno sakiTxavi iqneboda; qveda muxlebi mag<br />
leqsebis zemoT moaqcioT da zeda qvmoT, sityvebic rom<br />
gadasv-gadmosvaT, miT mag leqsebi arasa hkargaven. eg im<br />
gakreWil leqsebTagania, romelsac axla Cvens literaturaSi<br />
bevrni eZalebian. yarabaxis bedaurs rom fafari gaukriWo,<br />
baCa ar iqneba, magram bedauris Rirsebas mainc ar<br />
dahkargavs, sworeT, isea eg leqsebic~. erTi sityviT, eg<br />
moeniZe aris furcelaZe. maggvari leqsebis wera, samwuxarod<br />
Cvenda iman daiwyo, rodesac, qerel-biWobaze xeli<br />
25
aiRo da gairinda pisareviviT. wereTelma Zalian ixua amgvari<br />
Sedareba da maCvena Temar-xan-buridan mowerili<br />
wignebi viRac aficeris moeniZisagan, vinc gul-wrfelobas<br />
gulis tkivilamdi da wylulebamdi ar miuyvania. misi<br />
amiT mrwmunebidam gamoyvana Znelia da amis gamo mec aRar<br />
gauwie baasi wereTels am saganzed da movSordi. rodesac<br />
`samis Tav-gadasavali~ gamovida, me Zalian momewona. is<br />
romani iyo dawerili CerniSevskis romanis `ra vqnaT~-is<br />
mibaZviT. wereTels ar moswonda da arc baasSi gahyva<br />
moeniZes, Tumca is ki iTxovda oms. mizezad es miTxra<br />
wereTelma, rom me moeniZis Sesaxeb im azrisa var, ra<br />
azrisac CerniSevski iyo pisarevzedao. CerniSevskim miswera<br />
antonoviCs, rodesac pisarevs ebaaseboda; e. i. pisarevi<br />
Cvens <strong>literaturis</strong> baRSi SesaniSnavi yvavilia da ufr-<br />
Txildi uzomod nurc civ wyals gadaasxav da nurc cxels,<br />
rom ar dasWkneso!~ _ imav giorgi wereTlis wyalobiT sazogadoebaSi<br />
daiwyes qeba moeniZis ise rom, erTs ojaxSi,<br />
erTma qalma aRtacebaSi mosulma moeniZisagan, mirCia mec<br />
jer-jerobiT misi mibaZviT mewera da rodesac umtkicebdi,<br />
rom eg moeniZe igive dawunebuli furcelaZea-Tqo,<br />
sul ikivla da sacinlad amigdo am ugunurebisaTvis. er-<br />
Tis sityviT, aravis ar ejera moeniZisa da furcelaZis<br />
erTi da igiveoba. erTxel anton furcelaZesTan avedi; is<br />
Cveulebriv sawer stolzed damixvda. CamovagdeT laparaki<br />
literaturazed da sxvaTa Soris moeniZec vaxseneT.<br />
antonma moeniZes qeba dauwyo. me siciliT vuTxari, rom<br />
moxaruli var, rom Cvens literaturas dRemdi marto er-<br />
Ti furcelaZe hyavda da dRes ki ori eyoleba-Tqo da bolos<br />
gamotexiT vuTxari, rom moeniZe is iyo!.. furcelaZe<br />
uarze dadga da maCvena Temar-xan-Suridam mowerili wignebi.<br />
`eg ara feria! _ vuTxari me _ uTuod nacnobi vinme<br />
gyavs iq, imas ugzavni Sens leqsebs da iqidam gadawerils<br />
agzavnis!~<br />
26
_ eg ra angariSiT unda vqna? ra hazria magaSi? _<br />
momigo.<br />
_ is hazri, rom moeniZes rom qebas dauwyeben da<br />
furcelaZezed ki aras ityvian, Sen gamouxtebi imaT erT<br />
dRes da ityvi, me gaxlavar moeniZeo. _ am sityvazed iman<br />
Tavis cols Sexeda da miTxra: `me da Cemi colis metma da<br />
erTic kidev sxva piris metma ar icoda eg anbavi. Sen sworeT<br />
gulSi Camixtio~, miTxra da Tanac mTxova, rom nuravis<br />
etyvio da kidevac avusrule is Txovna. axla imas avxsni,<br />
Tu raT moigona es saSualeba furcelaZem: 1860-s<br />
wlebis wris studentebSi erTi cudi zne iyo, romelic<br />
didxans mohqmedobda Semdeg studentebzec: es zne iyo<br />
midgoma. zogierTi axalgazrdebi, romelnic pirvelobas<br />
epotinebodnen axalgazrdobaSi, magram TviTon ki aravi-<br />
Tari niWi da gansxvavebuli Rirseba ara hqondaT da vinc<br />
ki imaT Tayvansa scemda, isinic midgomiT aqebden imas,<br />
sul uRirsic rom yofiliyo da yovel niWier mowinaaRmdeges,<br />
romelic, rasakvirvelia, maT ar daemoneboda, yovel-gvaraT<br />
aZagebden. am gvaraT studentobaSi gaCnda baton-ymoba,<br />
is batonymoba, romelic aqa-iq dResac ki ixedeba,<br />
magram am saganzed ufro dawvrilebiT gvaqvs nalaparakevi<br />
erTs statiaSi `studentoba~, romelic imedi<br />
gvaqvs male daibeWdeba da axla ganvagrZob isev furcelaZezed:<br />
furcelaZes, rogorc niWier kacs es garemoeba<br />
danaxuli hqonda da egona, Tu giorgi wereTelic imgvar<br />
studentTagans ekuTvnoda, maSin rodesac RvTis madliT<br />
am codvebs is acdenilia!.. erTis sityviT, im mowerebiT,<br />
romelzec zemoT moviyvaneT, wereTeli mostyuvda Sesaxeb<br />
moeniZisa, rom ise aqebda adre da, Cvenis azriT, dResac<br />
motyuebulia, rom ase aZagebs am Jamad, rodesac mis<br />
geniosobazed winaswar-metyveleba aRar auxda. furcela-<br />
Ze scdilobs, rom amiT isargeblos da daamtkicos wereTlis<br />
an gul-mzakvreba an sruli uniWoba, magram darwmunebuli<br />
varT, rom wmindis guliT amas TviTon ver ifiqrebs,<br />
ise rogorc g. wereTelic styua, rodesac furcelaZes<br />
27
aZagebs da gulSi ki sxvasa hfiqrobs. am SemTxvevaSi, orive<br />
styuian mkiTxvelebTan da damnaSavec arian, rom erTmaneTs<br />
dajibrebuli publikas atyueben. Zalian sasiamovno<br />
iqneba, rom piradobas Tavi daanebon, kerZoT ar exeboden<br />
erTmaneTs da iSromon ise, rom mkiTxveli hqondeT saxeSi,<br />
da ara uxeiro Tav-moyvareoba, risTvisac Cvenc madlobeli<br />
viqnebiT da magaTi, viTom polemikisagan, Tav-mobezrebuli<br />
publikac Seisvenebs.<br />
28<br />
[1879]
<strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri<br />
Cemi molodini marTldeba: <strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri fexs [iki-<br />
debs] da swori gziT apirebs svlas. misTana mxatvruli<br />
morTul-mokazmuloba scenis da moTamaSeebis SeTanxmeba,<br />
romelsac Cven dRes vxedavT, jer ar Rirsebia qarTul<br />
scenas. misi aRyvaveba ueWvelia, Tu im senma, romelic yovel-gvar<br />
dawesebulebaTa win eRobeba, ar iCina Tavi... me<br />
mogaxsenebT udisciplinobaze da sizarmaceze, romelic<br />
dRevandel qarTvels Rirsebas uqar-wylebs. qarTveli sazogadod<br />
bunebiTad niWieria. amas misi warsuli cxovreba,<br />
istoria, gvimtkicebs. ramdenime aTasi weli mousvenrad<br />
istoriul qar-cecxlSi gaatara am erTma muWa xalxma da<br />
guli ar gatexia, ar dacemula!.. SeirCina Tavisi ena, erovnuli<br />
el-feri da bolos sarwmunoebac, maSin rodesac<br />
sxva msoflio qveynebi ki amoifxvren da sruliad gaqren.<br />
daukvirdiT mamebisagan gadmonacem `zepirsityvaobas~ da<br />
dainaxavT iq, Tu ramdeni margalitia grZnoba-gonebis Camarxuli,<br />
momavlisaTvis sagulisxmo? es yoliferi ekuTvnis<br />
[warsul] dros, roca mtrebi mxolod xorcielad gvipirebden<br />
mokvlas da dRes ki xorcs aRaravin exeba, brZolis<br />
taqtika gamoicvala: gvixuTven suls im mosazrebiT,<br />
rom xorcic ueWvelad Tan gahyves. am taqtikas Tavisi nayofi<br />
moaqvs da dRevandeli qarTveli ise mogavs Tavis winapars,<br />
rogorc aCrdili namdvils. dRevandeli saqarTvelo<br />
erTi Tvalis gadavlebiT, TviTqmis aRar arsebobs,<br />
sacodavi ramea!.. ara Tu sicocxlis, gamofxizlebis niSanwyalic<br />
ar etyoba! magram masTanac, rom davukvirdeT, mixvdebiT,<br />
rom guls tyvila vitexT: `ar momkvdara, mxolod<br />
sZinavs~ da mxolod misi keTilgamoRviZebaa saWiro! da<br />
masTan erTad Tav-dadebuli brZola imaTTan, romelTac<br />
gamoRviZebuli ukuRmarTi gziT mihyavT...<br />
marTalia, dRes saqarTvelos zedapiri sWkneba, magram<br />
saqme fesvia da misi Ziri jer kidev xelSeuxeblad magaria!<br />
29
erovnul arsebas didi analogia aqvs ubralo xesTan: vin<br />
ar icis, rom roca xes qariSxali dahkravs da daWraqavs,<br />
jer maRla _ mwvervalSi foTlebi gauyviTldebian da is<br />
Stoebi, sadac yvavilebi esxmis da nayofi ebmeva, Wknobas<br />
daiwyeben xolme. magram Tu im xes dabla fesvebi Wiani ara<br />
aqvs da magrad aqvs miwaSi gadgmuli, ara uWirs ra. dam-<br />
Wknari Stoebi dacvivdebian, maT gadanasxepze sxva axali<br />
amoiyris da gamobrunebuli xe isev nayofis momcemad gadaiqceva.<br />
asea Cveni erovnobis xec: marTalia wveroSi<br />
Wkneba, magram saSiSi mainc ara uWirs ra! rom Cveni dabali<br />
wodeba Tvisis niWiT da mecadineobiT momavlisaken iyurebian,<br />
amisi iWvi ar aris! vinc Cven dabal xalxs, soflidan<br />
gamousvlel glex-kacobas icnobs da dakvirvebia mis sityva-pasuxs,<br />
damemowmeba amaze. xSirad Sexvdebi CvenSi<br />
misTanas, romelsac sityva-pasuxi, mixra-moxra, TviTqmis<br />
moqmedebac inteligenturi aqvs; zogi advokatia maT Soris,<br />
zogi mwignobari, zogi mRvdeli da sxvani... ekiTxebi:<br />
sad giswavliao? da _ `arsad, batono! arsad! CemiT! xolod<br />
CemiTo!~ maS Tu es Rarib-Rataki wodebis Svilebi, ga-<br />
Wirvebuli da xel-[carielebi] meti gza rom aRara rCebaT,<br />
Tavis TavaT ikvleven gzas, maSin raRa unda vsTqvaT im<br />
SeZlebulebze, gakvaluli gziT rom midian, marTla aTaveben<br />
maRal saswavleblebs? isini xom caSi varskvlavebs<br />
unda hkrefden?!... ueWvelia, asec iqneboda, rom is gza,<br />
romliTac inteligencia midis, ukuRmarTi ar iyos! `RalatSi~<br />
[ ] 1 eubneba zeinabs qarTvelebis gaRviZebis Sesaxeb:<br />
`moaSoreT cxens is sapalne, romelic ise [mZimed]<br />
awevs da maSin naxav, Tu rogor SekuntruSdes, varskvlavebs<br />
SeeTamaSos!~ da jer ki diplomebi yvelgan mfrinav<br />
kaWkaWebs amravleben da dabal wodebaSi ki xSirad vxedavT<br />
jaWviT dabmul lomebs [ ] 2 veRar miiweven!<br />
1 teqsti ar ikiTxeba.<br />
2 teqsti ar ikiTxeba.<br />
30
SexseniT sabeli, auSviT is lomebi da maSin hnaxavT, Tu<br />
sadamdi mivlen is, dRes dabmulebi!?.. galiaSi bevrs veras<br />
iswavlis... swavla-ganaTlebasac Tavisi kanonebi aqvs —<br />
Tavisufali da swor mimavali gza. Tu moswavle amaebs<br />
ascda, imas, ueWvelia, gza da kvali aebneva da tyeSi gza<br />
dabneuli, daiwyebs xetials da ai, amas kvlavac vxedavT.<br />
Cveni naswavlebi, rogorc macduri gziT watyuebulebi,<br />
farTxaloben, magram gzadabneulad da unayofod...veRar<br />
varCevT avsa da kargs, aRar viciT, ra eWirveba Cvens ZaldatanebiT<br />
dasneulebul samSoblos? da Tvals varidebT!..<br />
maS vin unda migviTiTos am sneulebaze? da gagviTvaliswinos<br />
misi satkivari, rom Cven samkurnalos miwodeba<br />
movaxerxoT? _ Teatrma!.. Teatri unda iyos sarke xalxis<br />
avisa da kargis maCvenebeli. is unda Caukvirdes Taviss<br />
qveyanas wvrilmanamdi. yovel ersa aqvs Tavisi gansakuTrebiTi<br />
ena, buneba, gamoTqma, mixvra-moxvra, moqmedeba da<br />
sxvani. da am wvrilman rameebs didi istoriuli mniSvneloba<br />
aqvsT. magaliTad: qarTveli gaWirvebis dros `vai<br />
dedas~ iZaxis, rusi ki `Охь Матюшки~-sa yviris. qarTveli<br />
tanjvis gamosaxatavad TmaSi itacebs xolme xels, rusi ki<br />
TiTebs imtvrevs. sul sxva da sxva mimikaa! magram arc er-<br />
Ti ki umizezo ar aris. da erTis meoreSi areva didi Secdomaa.<br />
SeiZleba qarTvelma msaxiobma Semecnurad iTama-<br />
Sos romelime ibsenis, knut gamsunis, gauptmanis da sxva<br />
evropielTa mwerlebis piesebSi, magram imiT qarTveli<br />
msaxiobi veras etyvis qarTvel-guls! es iqneba cxovreba<br />
norvegielebis, germanelebis da sxvaTa da ara <strong>qarTuli</strong>.<br />
metyvian: aq iqneba gatarebuli msoflio azrebi, sanamdinac<br />
unda qarTveli aviyvanoTo!.. SeiZleba, rom es marTalic<br />
iyos, magram yolifers Sesaferi dro eWirveba. rodesac<br />
mteri Sen mosaklavad modis, maSin yoliferi unda daiviwyo<br />
mis meti, rom mteri rogorme moigero. da roca<br />
moigereb, mere ifiqro sxvaze. roca Sens ojaxSi Sesvlas<br />
apireb, jer pirvel safexurze unda moimagro fexi, ahyve<br />
momarjvebuladac kibes da ise axvide. Torem fexacilebu-<br />
31
lad rom xtunva daiwyo, mizans ver miaxwev. amiTi is ki ar<br />
minda vsTqva, rom gareSes yolifers Tvali avaridoTmeTqi.<br />
ara. yovelive gareSesac Tval-yuri vadevnoT da<br />
rac gamosadegia CvenTvis, mxolod imas CavhkidoT xeli,<br />
Torem gaurCevlad, maimunurad mibaZva savnebelia da<br />
marTalsac gveubneba erTi andaza: `wamwymida wamxedurobamo~.<br />
yvelaze umal es wamxeduroba ar SeSvenis Teatrs da<br />
Cvenma Teatrmac unda aicdinos Tavidan da xSirad ar gvimaspinZldebodes<br />
naTargmni piesebiT. is unda iyos xalxis<br />
aRmzrdelad da xalxs ise eqceodes, rogorc auditorias.<br />
da aki isec iqceva jer-jerobiT saTeatro komiteti!...<br />
pirvelad warmodgenili iyo am sezonSi, Tu ar vscdebi,<br />
samjer `samSoblo~. apireben `Ralatis~ warmodgenasac da<br />
es kargi niSania!.. ras warmoadgenen es piesebi? an erTi da<br />
an meore?<br />
32<br />
akaki<br />
[1882]
werilebi Cvens mwerlobaze<br />
kaci rom Sin da gareT, organve saqmes moscdeba, imaze<br />
ityvian CvenSi:<br />
`agiaSvilis gamdelsaviT mouvida, Sin sadils moscda<br />
da gareT wirvasac veRar mouswroo!~. es andaza swored<br />
zed gamoWrilia umetes nawil CvenTaganze! rac Cvenma winaprebma<br />
icoden, is aRar viciT, maTeburi TiTqmis yoveliferi<br />
ucxoa CvenTvis da sxvebisganac samkvidrod vera<br />
SegviZenia ra. davrCiT orTa Sua, amis dasamtkiceblad<br />
sakmao iqneba mivmarToT Cvens mwerlebs da am ocda aTis<br />
wlis Jurnal-gazeTebs gadavavloT Tvali!.. iqidan cxadad<br />
gamoCndeba, rom Cvens mowinave dass grZnobac da gonebac<br />
nasesxebi hqonia droebiTad da ara SexorcebiT<br />
Zvalsa da rbilSi gamjdari. rac uTqvamT, is yofila mxolod<br />
sxvisi naTqvamis ganmeoreba TuTiyuS-kaWkaWiviT da<br />
ara abreSumis WiasaviT gulidan amonaqseli. marTalia,<br />
xan-daxan viTom droianaTa da rigianaTac Tqmula xolme<br />
TviTo orola ram, magram is mxolod SemTxveviTi yofila,<br />
mainc kidev TuTiyuSurad wamonaZaxebi.<br />
_ erTxel Turme rusis glexebi Sevidnen batonis saxlSi<br />
da Sin aravin dauxvdaT. viRacam ki dauZaxaT im gacetebul<br />
muJikebs: `duraqo!~ glexebma miixed-moixedes da<br />
SeniSnes mxolod frinveli galiaSi da gaocdnen. maSin<br />
warsdga galiis win starosta, qudi moixada, wamoiCoqa da<br />
moaxsena ucnaur frinvels: `Tqveno aRmatebulebav, ubraloT<br />
nu Segvrisxam, mogvismineT vedrebao!~ magram TuTiyuSma<br />
kidev daiZaxa: `gaswi, daikarge, Se loToo!~... wamocvivden<br />
rusis glexebica, Tavqudmoglejili gavarden gareT<br />
da hkvirobden!.. vin Seatyobina am Cits Cveni anbavi da<br />
an is vin uTxra, rom starostas aryis sma uyvarso~? waviden<br />
da mTeli sofeli daarwmunes: Cvens batons gulTmisani<br />
frinveli hyoliao! ra icodnen da im marTla `durakebma~,<br />
rom TuTiyuSs is sityvebi daswavlili hqonda, wamdauwum<br />
sul imas iZaxoda da maSin mxolod SemTxveviT kar-<br />
33
gaT mouvida?.. .vici, sasiamovnod bevrs ar darCeba es Cemi<br />
azri, magram ra vqna?.. da mec vaRviareb, rom umetesoba<br />
CvenSi TuTiyuSi, kaWkaWia da ara Tavis Tavis moazre _<br />
amas me wamiTi gulisTqma ar malaparakebs... es me bevrjel<br />
miTqvams sityviT da weriTac gamovtexilvar!... axla ki b.<br />
nikolaZis statiam `axal mimoxilvaSi~ `jejilis~ sawinaaRmdegod<br />
dawerilma, ganmameorebina da nurafers ukacravad!<br />
es, rac zogierT umetesobaze iTqva, rasakvirvelia, ar<br />
iTqmis nikolaZezedac!.. piriqiT, is mravalazrovani da<br />
orWofi mweralia! misi azri SadrevaniviTa scems, magram<br />
samwuxaro is aris, rom saCvenoSi rom amohCuxCuxebs,<br />
sxviss hrwyavs da, amis gamo, mis sazogado moRvaweobis<br />
oci wlis sarbieli Siga da Sig Wrelia. akvirdebi da ver<br />
gagirCevia: an Tavi sada aqvs da an bolo? vinc imas CvensaviT<br />
daaxlovebiT icnobs, is, cxadia ugulwrfelobas<br />
ver Seswamebs, magram es kia, rom mis mousvenar bunebas<br />
ukiduresi Tavismoyvareoba uCxikinebs da maSin aris, rom<br />
gul-gadayolil nikolaZes naxtomi eSleba xolme. _ piradad<br />
misTvis es naki mainca da mainc saSiSi ar aris. bevrjel<br />
gamosula xolme isev swor gzaze, magram, sanaRvlo<br />
is aris, rom imas yovelTvis hyolia da hyavs xolme mimdevrebi<br />
da isini ki, erTxelve SecdomaSi Seyvanilni, unayofod<br />
riyeze rCebian.<br />
_ dRes nikolaZis Txzuleba ibeWdeba da, rodesac<br />
srulad gamova, maSin sabuTi gaeqneba xelSi misi nawarmoebidanve<br />
davamtkicoT, rom mis naRvaws erTi feroba da<br />
erTi azroba aklia da manamdi ki gakvriT sityvas vxmarobT,<br />
miT ufro, rom dRes sazogadod mainc ara gvsurs<br />
imaze vilaparakoT da da mxolod erTs kerZo axal-naxtoms<br />
SevexebiT.<br />
_ visac ki `ana-bana~ uswavlia CvenSi da nebarTvac<br />
auRia, rom igive `anabana~ sxvebsac aswavlos, visac ki gaugonia<br />
Soridan pestalocisa da distervegis saxelebi,<br />
gadauTvalierebia, uSinjavs da waukiTxavs vodovozovi,<br />
Tavi mwife pedagogi hgonia da did moZRvraTac moaqvs.<br />
34
gaugoniaT agreTve, rom `tendencia~ mavnebelia ymawvilebisaTviso<br />
da TviTonac fexisxmis ayoliT gaiZaxian amasve.<br />
didi pedagogoba ra saWiroao? vinc ki sruliad gamoni-<br />
Webuli ar aris, vin ar icis, rom moswavle ymawvilisaTvis<br />
mavnebelia is, rac mis bunebas ar Sehferis da is Wkua-gonebas<br />
Zalas atans, gind wina ganZraxulis azriT iyos naTqvami,<br />
gind ise, uazrod, sul erTia, es gaugoniaT, magram<br />
TavisTavad mainc ver auxsniaT, Tu ra aris tendencia da<br />
naZaladevi azri? roca `kalina-malinas~ Sig cxvirpirSi<br />
stenian da `serinki kozlikebs~ ayvireben _ is araferiao<br />
da Cven bunebasTan da cxovrebasTan Sesafer rames ki ukan<br />
udgebian, `vai Tu tendencia Segvwamono~. eh, amaT xom<br />
RmerTic apativebs da kacic, magram sasaciloa, rom dRes<br />
b. nikolaZe im gunds ekuTvnoda, romelic gaiZaxoda: `xelovneba<br />
cxovrebisaTvis da ara xelovneba xelovnebisaTviso!~<br />
maSin is erTi gulmodgined mZaxilTagani iyo da ara<br />
Tu poeti justis, meore xarisxis italiel mwerlebis sapatrioto<br />
tendenciebs aRtacebaSi mohyavda. iseTi xelovnuri<br />
nawarmoebi, rogoric maikovis `samgvari sikvdili~<br />
da tolstois `ivane damaskeli~ sasacilodac ar hyofnida<br />
da zaicevis tendenciuri obrodoba, minaevisagan<br />
gadaleqsili, sazepiro locvebaTa hqonda gaxdili. vinc<br />
misi azrisa ar iyo maSin, imas ara Tu sazogadod, kerZoTac<br />
aRar hzogavda, yovelgvarad imetebda da Tavsac miTi mar-<br />
Tlulobda, rom `saSualebas mizani amarTlebso~. dRes ki<br />
es vaJbatoni sul sxvas gaiZaxis imave ymawviluris aRtacebiT<br />
da im gvarisave TavdauWerel medidurobiT da aqac<br />
kidev im azrisaa, rom `mizani amarTlebs saSualebasao~...<br />
marTalia, iman saqveynod aRiara erTis weriliT, axal mimoxilvaSi~:<br />
me is aRara var, rac viyavio, magram arc is<br />
varga, rom kacma erTs ukiduresobas Tavi daaxwios mxolod<br />
misTvis, rom meoreSi, da ufro cudSi Cavardes!...<br />
35
* * *<br />
volterma sTqva: mxolod is wignebia ymawvilebisaTvis<br />
sasargeblo, romelic didebisaTvisac kargiao. SeiZleba<br />
tendenciebi sul ar iyos ra romelime nawarmoebSi, magram<br />
mainc mavnebeli iyos ymawvilebisaTvis, da agreTve, isic<br />
ki SesaZlebelia, rom tendenciebiT savse wigni sruliad<br />
saymawvilo gamodges. Tu moTxroba xelovnurad aris dawerili,<br />
tendencia veras dauSlis. ymawvilis norC grZnoba-gonebas<br />
zRapruli saxe ityuilebs, enis margalitoba<br />
da leqsTa wyoba. magaliTad, aviRoT giotes zRapruli<br />
poema `reinekelas~ _ erTi ukeTesi TxzulebaTagani ymawvilebisaTvis.<br />
isini aRtacebiT kiTxuloben am Txzulebas,<br />
moswonT fabula misi da sxvadasxva pirutyvebis sasaciloTa<br />
da utyuvrad gamoxatuli xasiaT-moqmedeba. magram<br />
vin ar icis, rom deda azri am Txzulebisa sul sxva aris da<br />
im pirutyvebaT avtorma gamoxata misi Tanamedrove veimarelebi.<br />
TviTon is meigav-arake krilovi, romelzedac<br />
b.nikolaZe gviTiTebs, gana uazroTa swerda? mis nawerebSi<br />
tendencia ar aris? da mxolod mitom aris ymawvilebisaTvis<br />
kargi? sulac ara!.. aba moigonos Tavisi ymawvilobis<br />
dro, Tu ra aRtacebiT hkiTxulobda da swavlobda mis<br />
igav-arakebs mTavar-azris Seugneblad! rodesac mis<br />
araks, `mgeli farexSi~, vkiTxulobdiT, im adgils, sadac<br />
ZaRli eubneba mgels: `Sen Zma, ruxi xar, magram mec TeTri<br />
var da ver momatyuebo~ _ Zalian aRtacebaSi movyavdiT<br />
xolme! magram is ki ar vicodiT, rom, Turme, farexSi SemoWrili<br />
mgeli ruseTSi Semosuli napoleoni iyo da marjveT<br />
damxvedri TeTri ZaRli _ TmagaTeTrebuli kutuzovi.<br />
an kidev meore araki: `qaSapi _ Tevzi da kata~. ra<br />
nairad gvacinebda xolme Tevzis sisulele, rodesac imas<br />
moswyinda Tevzebis Wera da katis xeloba Seexarba: moindoma<br />
xmeleTzedac Tevzebze nadiroba, magram mSralze<br />
rom darCa, sacodavaT daiwyo farTxali. gana gvesmoda ma-<br />
Sin, rom im Tevzis saxiT gakicxuli iyo admirali CiCagovi,<br />
romelmac xmeleTis jaris sardloba moindoma da damarcxda.<br />
36
maS Tu gaugebari rCeba bavSvebisaTvis, raRa saWiroa<br />
mainca da mainc maggvari azrebis gatarebao, egeb sTqvan,<br />
da, ai marTldeba volteris naTqvami!.. amgvari Txzuleba<br />
erTsa da imave dros patara bavSvebsac akmayofilebs da<br />
didebsac!.. marTalia, ymawvilebs ar esmiT is mTavari azri,<br />
anu ukeT vsTqvaT, Taviseburad esmiT da mxolod sul<br />
sxva mizezebiT iTviseben xolme, magram, rodesac daizrdebian<br />
da gonebaSi Caxvdebian, mza mzareulad, gauWireblad,<br />
advilad xelSi ki rCebaT. bavSvebs sazogadod Tavis<br />
sakuTari saymawvilo asparezi aqvT; didebisas ar<br />
hgavs, magram maTi norCi buneba mainc moiTxovs, rom is asparezi<br />
didebisas daamsgavson xolme _ Tavis gunebaSi da<br />
didebs mihbaZon. magaliTad, bavSvebi rom iaraRSi Camjdar<br />
cxenosnebs uyureben, isinic joxis cxenze gadajdebian,<br />
didgulas Tofs xelSi iReben, xis xmal-xanjals<br />
hxmaroben da hgoniaT Tu, marTla saqmeSi varTo.<br />
es xom sasacilo bavSvobaa, magram amas Tavisi kargi da<br />
sasargeblo Sedegi moaqvs: rodesac asakSi Sedis bavSvi da<br />
Zal-Rones ikrebs, maSin misTvis ucxo aRar aris arc cxenosnoba<br />
da arc Tof-iaraRi da ise advilad iTvisebs, TiTqos<br />
dabadebidanve scodniao. axla gamouyvaneT da dauyeneT<br />
gverdiT imas misTana Wabuki, romelsac ymawvilobaSi<br />
ara Tu hqonia saTamaSo Tof-iaraRi da cxeni, piriqiT,<br />
kidevac aSinebdnen! aba ra mouvides! moaxerxebs im pirvel<br />
Wabukis odnobas, Tu ara?! aseve unda vsTqvaT azrebis Sesaxebac.<br />
gana rjulisa da sarwmunoebisa esmiT rame, ymawvilebs?..<br />
magram, siyrmidganve ro eCvevian, ZalauneburaT<br />
saukunod Zvalsa da rbilSi ujdebaT. siyvarulica da si-<br />
Zulvilic im TaviTve, bavSvobidanve iwyeba... aba ymawvils<br />
elaparakeT zizRiT da agdebiT Tavis mSoblebze, Tavis<br />
qveyanaze, Tavis warsulze da sxv., Tu yvela ar SeiZulos,<br />
da didobis drosac maTi zizRi ar CarCes gulSi. piriqiT,<br />
uqeT mteri da orguli, aRtacebiT da mowiwebiT esaubreT<br />
maTze, Tu ar Seiyvaros. es cxadi WeSmaritebaa, magram bevri<br />
ki im azris aris (rasakvirvelia, an iezuitobiT da an<br />
37
sisuleliT), rom arc erTis Tqma ar aris saWiro patarebisaTvis<br />
da, rom gaizrdebian, TviTonve mixvdebiano!..<br />
amis mTqmels isic SeuZlian sTqvas `ra saWiroa bavSvs rom<br />
ZuZus awovebT!~... rom gaizrdebian, TviTonve daiwyeben<br />
mwvadis Wamas!~... sazogadod tendenciebis winaaRmdegoba<br />
Secdomaa, magram tendenciac aris da tendenciac. misTana,<br />
romelic ryvnis da afuWebs mozards, rasakvirvelia, dasawunebelia<br />
da sadevneli, da, maSasadame, b. nikolaZem<br />
rom gamoilaSqra `jejilze~, albaT amgvari mavnebeli<br />
tendenciebi hqonda saxeSi da misma gulwrfelobam veRar<br />
aitana sxvebis veragoba, keTili da patiosani! magram radgan<br />
marto cariel mis sityvebs da sxva enazed krimanWulad<br />
gamoTqmuls, ver vendobiT, amisaTvis nu gagviwyreba,<br />
rom Cvenc Cveni sabuTi warmovadginoT da SeudgeT misi<br />
azris darRvevas. daviwyoT rigisad:<br />
mSvenieri da saucxovo leqsi `Svidni varT~ sasacilod<br />
auRia da amtkicebs saqveynod sisuleleao. es patara leqsi,<br />
rogorc viciT, jer inglisur enaze aris dawerili, mere<br />
sxva enebzec gadatanili da TiTqmis yovel saymawvilo<br />
leqsTa konaSi CarTuli; rusulaTac kazlovis gadmoRebuli,<br />
mere iqidan ki qarTulad gadmokeTebuli da gadmokeTebuli<br />
xelovnurad.<br />
mainca da mainc marto es mogvyavs sabuTad! advilad<br />
SeiZleba, rom yvela scdebodes da b. nikolaZe ki marTals<br />
ambobdes, magram saqme is aris, rom misi sityvebidanac vera<br />
gagvigia-ra: ra aris gasakvirveli, rom patara `ymawvili<br />
mkvdar da-Zmasac cocxlebzec aTvlis da ambobs: `Svidi<br />
varT da ara xuTio?~ martoka darCenili Tuki or Zmas<br />
zRvaze wasuls, orsac sofelSi wasuls angariSobs, ratom<br />
sasaflaozedac wasulebs ar miaTvlis? ityviT: rogor ar<br />
icis, sikvdili ra ariso? diax, icis, magram imis warmodgena<br />
ki ar SeuZlian, rom sikvdilis Semdeg yoliferi hqrebao!<br />
xedavs, rom moSordnen mas, gadavidnen sasaflaoze,<br />
iqidan sadRac zecas waviden da iq arian, sworeT ise xorc-<br />
38
Sesxmulad, rogorc danarCeni Zmebi, zogi zRvaSi da zogic<br />
sofelSi.<br />
xSirad ymawvilebi, marto rom darCebian, ara Tu pirutyvebs,<br />
mcenareebsac ki esaubrebian xolme. gana ar ealersebian,<br />
hkocnian, gulze ikvren, etitinebian da saWmelsasmelsac<br />
ki udgamen xolme win dedo-falebs (tikinebs)?<br />
es sisuleliTa da SeugneblobiT ki mosdisT!.. kargad hxedaven,<br />
rom is usulo sagnebi verc xmas gascemen, verc rames<br />
smen da sWamen, magram mainc Tavisas ar iSlian bavSvebi,<br />
amitom rom amas maTi buneba moiTxovs da ara ugunureba...<br />
maS Tu es asea, is raRaT unda iyos gasakvirveli, Tu<br />
ymawvils samareSi myofi gamqrali ar egonos da saTvalav-<br />
Si akldebodes? ucxo qveynebSi sasaflavoebi yvavilebis<br />
baRad aqvsT gadaqceuli, yovel-dRe modian mSoblebi,<br />
dros atareben Tavis Svilebis saflavze... mihyavT iqve<br />
danarCeni da-Zmani da CasCiCineben: ai, Sen daias Tu Zamias<br />
yvavilebi moukrife, morwye wyliT garSemo amosuli da<br />
ayvavebuli balaxebi... ai, es, ai, is! da sxv... am gvarad ganuyreli<br />
kavSiria gabmuli mkvdrebsa da cocxlebs Sua da<br />
raRa gasakvirvelia, rom yovelTvis gulSi hyavdes patara<br />
ymawvils mkvdari Zma an da mudam Tvalwin edgas, ealersebodes<br />
da aRarc danarCen cocxlebis wridan gamoiricxos?<br />
metyvian, CvenSi egre ar ariso. Tanaxma var! miabareben<br />
miwas Tu ara CvenSi, mere zedac aRar Sexedaven, kavSiri<br />
gawyvetilia. CvenSi ara Tu mkvdrebi, cocxlebic _ ki aravis<br />
axsovs, magram gana es sasurvelia? es gulgriloba pirutyvs<br />
uaxlovebs adamians da maSasadame, am gvari leqsebi,<br />
rogorc `Svidni varT~, didad da didad saWiro da sasurveli<br />
yofila Cvenis ymawvilobisa da ded-mamebisaTvis,<br />
gind b. nikolaZem sentimentaluric eZaxos.<br />
`spilo da WianWvelebis~ Sesaxeb ambobs b. nikolaZe: is<br />
azri, rom xandaxan sustebic daaCoqeben da daamarcxeben<br />
Zliers, axali ar ariso da an raRa saWiroa ganmeorebao.<br />
sakvirvelia, rom aqac b. nikolaZem im Wkuis kolofebis<br />
dasSi amohyo Tavi, romelnic yovel dRe axal axal sisu-<br />
39
leleebsa hbadamen da, mgonia, Tavis gasamarTleblad gaiZaxian,<br />
Zveli WeSmaritebis ganmeoreba ar vargao... Rmer-<br />
Tma dagvifaros, rom Cven b. nikolaZe maT SevadaroT, magram<br />
windauxedaobiT bedauric waiforxilebs xolme. ima-<br />
Ti ro davijeroT da kanonaT miviRoT, maSin mTeli qveyana<br />
unda damunjdes. aviwydebaT im dalocvilebs, rom sityvas<br />
garemoeba gamoiwvevs. ueWvelia, roca adami aRviZebda<br />
evas, anu eva-adams, erTmaneTs eubnebodnen: `adeqi, kmara<br />
Zilio!~ es xom Zveli naTqvami iqneba da maS, Cvenis Wkuis<br />
kolofebis kanoniT, rodesac eseni wamowvebian mxar-Te-<br />
Zozed da amouSveben xvrins, neba ar gveqneba movaxsenoT:<br />
_ gaiRviZeT da gaakeTeT rame-Tqo! yovel saukuneSi uTqvamT<br />
sulelisaTvis, nu sulelobo! magram dResac imasve<br />
etyvian. vimeorebT, rom garemoeba gamoiwvevs sityvas da,<br />
maSasadame, WeSmaritebis ganmeoreba dasagmobi ar aris.<br />
marTalia, Zveladve uTqvamT, rom xandaxan sustebic moerevian<br />
Zlierso, magram es iseTi WeSmariteba aris, rom<br />
bevrjerac rom vuTxraT ymawvilebs da magaliTebic movuyvanoT<br />
xolme _ amiT ara daSavdeba-ra.<br />
`Cveni mamali~ ise xelovnurad aris dawerili, rom ar<br />
SeiZleba ymawvilma siamovnebiT ar waikiTxos, amitom _<br />
rom mas yoliferi eniSneba. arm moewoneba mxolod im ymawvils,<br />
romelic qalaqSi dabadebula, arc mamali unaxavs<br />
da arc indourebi. es patara moTxroba xelovnurad aris<br />
dawerili da, Tu ar gazviadebuli ocneba, tendenciasac<br />
veravin warmoidgens.<br />
axla gadavideT patara poemazed _ `mercxlisa da Wiv-<br />
Wavis omi~.gvikvirs, rom b.nikolaZes Sinaarsi ver gaugia<br />
da sul sxva gvarad mouTxrobs Tavis mkiTxvelebs.<br />
sakvirvelia, rom imas ar scodnia, WivWavi ra aris, da<br />
чижикъ-ad gadauTargmnia. Чижикъ, qarTulad niSnavs nar-<br />
Citas, mTis Citia da mxolod budobis dros Camofrindeba<br />
barad, rom kaklis xeebzed bude gaikeTos, Torem saxlSi<br />
Tavis Tavad Sefrenili is aravis unaxavs da arc araferi<br />
siaxlove da damokidebuloba aqvs mercxalTan. maSasada-<br />
40
me, me rom am Citebisa da mercxlebis erTmaneTSi brZola<br />
amewera, is iqneboda sruli umarTloeba da raRac poeturi<br />
miCmaxva. magram WivWavi, anu beRura romelic rusulad<br />
niSnavs воробей da ara чижикъ-s, sul sxva aris. imave saxlSi<br />
scxovrobs da budobs, sadac mercxali, da xSirad<br />
Cxubic mosdis xolme mercxalTan. amis uars arc erTi bunebis<br />
mkvlevari ar ityvis da b. nikolaZemac maT Txzulebas<br />
rom Tvali gadaavlos, ai, Tu gind brems, iq sityviTsityvad<br />
naxavs imas, rac me gavleqse, da maSin am Cem iezuitur<br />
tendenciebSi imaTac monawiled gaxdis, magram vin<br />
ar mixvdeba, rom imaT qarTvelebi mxedvelobaSi ar hyoliaT,<br />
da mec gadmovleqse, rogorc sasiamovno da sacodno<br />
ram sakiTxavi ymawvilebisaTvis, da ara Zaldasatanebeli<br />
tendenciuri ram. Cemgan umetnaklebod aris gadmoRebuli<br />
is ambavi ise, rogorc namdvilad moxdeba xolme da<br />
mogviTxroben: Cemis mxriv is ar mirCevia ymawvilebisaTvis,<br />
rom gZuldeT mercxali da giyvardeT WivWavi-Tqo.<br />
kidev vityviT, gazviadebuli fantazia unda, rom aq kacma<br />
tendenciebi dainaxos. magram survils bevri SeuZlian.<br />
gajiutebul kacs zogjer rwyilic aqlemad moeCveneba. b.<br />
nikolaZes, swored ase mosvlia:marto tendenciebi ki ar<br />
daunaxavs, iezuitur moqmedebasac gvwamebs, iezuitebis<br />
mcneba dRes marto imas aRar sjerdeba, rom loiolas 1<br />
namoZRvrebi daamtkicos da fanatikurad emsaxuros kaTolikobas.<br />
dRes farisevlobiT Sekazmuli mcneba sapirado<br />
iaraRad uWiravT xelSi da wina-ganZraxul mizans swiraven<br />
yovelives, arRveven aTive mcnebas da iseT rames hqadageben,<br />
romelic ryvnis da amcirebs adamianis bunebas. aseTi<br />
ram, rasakvirvelia, gasakicxavia, magram amasve ro SevudaroT<br />
keTilSobiluri gataceba, maSin yoveli mamuliSvili,<br />
romlisac moTayvane TviT b. nikolaZec ki brZandeba,<br />
iezuitebi gamodgebodnen. SeiZleba brZanos, magazed ar<br />
gvixmarnia `iezuitebio~ da, Tu sxvebma ver gaiges, Cemi ra<br />
1 ignatius loiola, 1539 wels iezuituri ordenis damaarsebeli.<br />
41
aliao. amitomac hmarTebs misTana mwerals, rogoric<br />
aris b. nikolaZe, asjer gazomva da erTxel gamoWra, Torem<br />
xom icis, rom zogan yurismgdeblebi hyavs da mizezs<br />
eZeben, gamoZebnon rame xelis Casakidebeli. ai exlac<br />
b.nikolaZis sityvidan gamodis, viTomc mercxlebi ucxoeTidan<br />
iyon mosuli, WivWavebi ki Sinaurebi, da maT Soris<br />
brZola windauxedavobiT gamomewvios. es xom cxadi Secdomaa.<br />
rogorc WivWavi, ise mercxali Cveneburia da Cven<br />
qveyanaSi dabadebuli da, Tu maincadamainc ar dagiSliaT,<br />
ai mxolod ra azri SeiZleba gamoiyvanos kacma im leqsidan:<br />
Zalian gamravlebulni arian dRes CvenSi mercxala mamuliSvilebi.<br />
Rormucelobis patriotoba ukidures xarisxamdea<br />
miyvanili, ise Rvinos ar daleven, mwvadiT pirs<br />
ar Caitkbaruneben da leCaqian qals alerss ar dauwyeben,<br />
rom ar daiZaxon, `gaumarjos saqarTvelos!~, magram imave<br />
saqarTvelos gulisaTvis aramc-Tu ar gairjebian, warbsac<br />
ar Seixrian, mxolod lxini da qeifi moswonT da Wirski<br />
Tavs arideben da TviTon Cven mwerlebSiac gana cotani<br />
arian misTanebi, romelnic ucxo enazed sweren ara im<br />
ganzraxviT, Cvens mxares sargebloba movutanoTo, mxolod<br />
im mosazrebiT, Tavi ufro metad gamoviCinoTo. maS,<br />
ra arian yvela eseni, Tu ara mercxlebi, romlebsac WivWavebi<br />
eubnebian: zamTari gZulsT Cveni qveynisa da zafxuli<br />
ki mogwonTo; sanamdi WikWiki da navardi SegiZliaT, Cven-<br />
Tana xarT da, ro acivdeba, sxva mxriT giWiravsT Tvalio,<br />
giyvarsT lxini da Wirs _ ki eridebiTo. es gamoTqma, me<br />
mgonia, ufro pirdapiri da rainduli iyo, vidre iezuituri,<br />
da gvikvirs, b. nikolaZes rad ase Taviseburad gaugia?!<br />
42<br />
akaki<br />
1890
[ilia WavWavaZesTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb]<br />
`ra uTqvams? ra mouCmaxavs? ra wigni dauweria?~<br />
axalgazrda mgosani, dRevandeli Cveni cxovrebis sulier<br />
sazrdoTi gakaWkaWebuli da ver gawinaswarmetyvelebuli,<br />
imasve imeorebs, samwuxarod, rac brbos, Tavisis SeugneblobiT<br />
warmoudgenia da namdvili ki hgonia!... svanis Tqmisa<br />
ar iyos, `visac wverebi asxia, yvela rom mRvdeli iyos,<br />
maSin Cemi vacic xom dekanozi iqnebodao~. vis rogor esmis<br />
sityva: `inteligencia~, `axalTaobis kaci~, `sazogado mo-<br />
Rvawe~, `meTauroba~ da an sxvani. magram me ki garCeviT<br />
myavs yvela gaTvaliswinebuli da maTi Sesaxebi sasworsazomic<br />
sxvagvari miWiravs xelSi: dRevandeli Cveni sazogado<br />
moRvaweebs Soris uTanxmoeba da xalxisagan anazdad<br />
gaburTavebuli `mec wavxdi Senc wagaxdineoba~ Tumca ase<br />
axlos arian erTmaneTTan, rogorc sikvdili da sicocxle,<br />
magram imave dros gansxvavebac aseTia maT Soris, rogorc<br />
sikvdilisa da sicocxlis Sua.<br />
sajarod TavisTavze saubari arc sasurvelia kacisaTvis<br />
da arc mosawoni, magram xSirad moxdeba xolme, rom<br />
garemoeba CaiTrevs da gamoiwvevs sapasuxod. swored amis-<br />
Tana mdgomareobaSi varT Cvenc axla da brbos azrs, me da<br />
ilias Sesaxeb, mgosnisgan beWed dasmuls, upasuxod ver<br />
gavuSvebT, miT ufro rom marto Cven ar gvexeba da Sigve<br />
ueWvelad unda moyven sxvebic sazogadod.<br />
ormoc weliwadze metia, rac me da ilia erTmaneTs<br />
vicnobT da araodes erTmaneTTan piradi usiamovneba da<br />
ukmayofileba ar gvqonia. piriqiT, garda siam-tkbili Seyra-Sexvedrisa<br />
da zrdilobian, darbaislur sityva-pasuxisa<br />
erTi-meorisagan ara gvinaxavs ra, da an ki ra gvqonda<br />
gasayofi, rom erTmaneTSi uTanxmoeba mogvsvloda? ra<br />
maqvs misTana, rom imas Seexarbos? an da ras veZeb misTanas,<br />
rom ilias aqvs da mec momenatros? marTalia, erTsa<br />
da imave ganyenebul mizans sazogados da ara sapirados<br />
43
mivyavarT Tavisken. magram gza sxva da sxvaa da ar moxerxdeba,<br />
rom erTmaneTs gadaveRoboT da msvleloba SeuferxoT<br />
erTma meores! `romSi yoveli gziT SeiZleba Sesvlao~,<br />
_ naTqvamia da Tu Cvenc, erTi miznis mimdevari,<br />
ori sxva da sxva gziT mivdivarT cal-calke _ is aRmosavleTis<br />
da me dasavleTis gziT, es ar niSnavs uTanxmoebas<br />
da mtrobas. da an ki ra saWiroa, rom roca ilia Tavisi sakuTari<br />
gziT miiswrafis, mec maSin Tan vaxlde, misi sagzali<br />
mimqondes da abJands davuwevde xolme? an roca me<br />
Cemi gziT mivdivar, raT unda ueWvelaT Cem gverdSi idges<br />
ilia WavWavaZe?<br />
es ver gaugiaT, Semcdar-azris Semdgenlebs! magram<br />
maTTvis, rogorc Cans, meore garemoeba ufro gaurkvevelia:<br />
ilias, rogorc gamoCenil mwerals, gaurCevlad `va-<br />
Sa-vaSas~ SeRaRadeben. rogorc sazogado moRvawes — eTayvanebian<br />
gamourkvevlad. maTi swor-mxedvelobis isari gaxiblulia<br />
da `kokasa Sigan raca sdgas, igive warmosdindebis~.<br />
rasac isini grZnoben da rogorc isini moqmedoben,<br />
imasve moiTxoven yvelasagan da Tu vinme gaudgaT, sxva<br />
gvarad hxsnian.<br />
akaki ilias yovelgvar nawers qebis taSs ar ukravs da<br />
yovelgvar mis sazogado moRvaweobas ar eTanxmeba! sCans,<br />
rom emtereba da sZulso. igive Cem Sesaxebac iliazedac<br />
amas hfiqroben. imaT hgoniaT, rom siyvarulis da megobrobisaTvis,<br />
erTis mxriT yizilbaSuri saTvalTmaqco<br />
TeTri kbilebis Cena, `baSustaoba~ da [...] 1 medidurad<br />
brZaneba sajaroT da mere ki vizantiuri sacbiero Tavis<br />
mokatuneba da `ki, batono, Seni Wirimes~ wamdauwum gameorebaa.<br />
Tu mterzedac kargi iTqmis da moyvarezec Zviri,<br />
ver warmoudgeniaT!<br />
imas, vinc ver mimxvdara, sad aris tyuili da sad mar-<br />
Tali, avi da kargi ver gaurCevia da sazogado da kerZo<br />
erTi da igive hgonia, an ra moeTxoveba da an ra daeje-<br />
1 teqsti ar ikiTxeba.<br />
44
eba? imaze laparakic ar Rirs, magram naTqvamia: `rac<br />
Seendoba erso, ar mietevos berso~. rac soflis miTqmamoTqmas<br />
epativeba, is ar daeTmoba mwerlobas da Cveni<br />
mwignobrebic rom cotaoden sifrTxiles daiWerdnen, ar<br />
iqneboda urigo!...visac wverebi gamouSvia, yvela mRvdeli<br />
ar aris?! visac kalami auRia, yvela mwerali da vinc rames<br />
ambobs, yvela marTali!...<br />
es aris mxolod ueWveli WeSmariteba da rodesac Cveni<br />
qveyanac am WeSmaritebas Seignebs, maSin Tavis Tavad gadavardebian<br />
gulsaklavi andazebic da manamde ki, meti gza<br />
aRar aris, unda gavigonoT xolme:<br />
`Senc waxdi, mec wamaxdine, qriste aRsdga, gixarodeso~.<br />
akaki<br />
[1894]<br />
45
sapasuxo werili<br />
jer kidev isev aSlili aqvs saWorikanao saRerReli<br />
`nacarqeqiebs~: fusfusoben da bzuian!... xan erTi gamoilaSqrebs<br />
xolme Cemken sawinaaRmdegoT didgulis Tofi-<br />
Ta da xan meore. islisa da Calis mSvild-isriT fiqroben<br />
Cvens dafrTxobas... im erTi goWisa ar iyos, kudi rom gaibzika<br />
da Wyioda: `mec naxir-naxirao!~- amaTac Tavi raindaT<br />
moaqvsT da ver mimxvdaran, rom `cirkobanaobas~ ki<br />
TamaSoben. cirkSi rom oCafexazed Semdgari, cxvirpirgamuruli,<br />
klovni gamoipampulebs, sxva misi amxanagebic<br />
Tanve mogangaSed misdeven xolme da taSis kvriT amxneveben,<br />
egebo qandara rogorme gavacinoTo! da Tu ver Ses-<br />
Zles, maSin ki erTmaneTs daerevian xolme cema-tyepiT da<br />
bolos sul kotrial-kotrialiT migoraven sajinibosken.<br />
es yoliferi sasacinoa, magram sawyeni ki is aris, rom zogierTa<br />
Jurnal-gazeTis furclebi saklovno sarbielad<br />
gamxdara. marTalia, am jura-raindebis ayola da maTTan<br />
pirdapiri gamoxmaureba sakadrisi ar aris, magram imaTi<br />
gamoisobiT, sxvebTan laparaki ki SesaZlebelia da Cvenc<br />
mitom auxvieT maT gverdi da weriliT mivmarTeT erT pativcemul<br />
redaqtors da zrdilobianad davekiTxeT: nu-<br />
Tu Tqveni sityvierebis taZari, Tqvenis TanxmobiT aris<br />
gadaqceuli sakaWkaWo mindvrad-Tqo? redaqciam `fulikoTi~<br />
gvipasuxa. am maRliT Canaberma poeturma Txzulebam<br />
sadResaswaulo xarxari gamowvia `cirkis moyvarulTa<br />
da klounTa wamqezebelTa~ wreSi: `fulikos~ saavgarozo<br />
mniSvnelobas aZlevden: TviTon xom gulzed idebden,<br />
sxvebs reklamebad arigebden da droSasaviT frialobda<br />
ostaturad Serxeuli `iveriis furceli~, `sadac mgoni<br />
osuri~ da ara geniosuri Zilis piri iyo dastambuli. magram<br />
es sofeli didxans vis SerCenia? ara aris ra dauboloebeli!<br />
`fulikom~ `Juliko~ gamoiwvia da Seicvala me-<br />
46
gangaSeTa dekaracia, ∗ anu, rogorc cagareli ambobs,<br />
for-Tre...Ti! emwuTxaT, itkices da awuwundnen: `ra sakadrisia<br />
amgvar rameebis werao?~ fie! maTi `fuliko~ kidec<br />
daibeWda, didaT moswondaT, da gamvlel-gamomvlelebs<br />
xelSi aCeCebdnen, rogorc umaRles satiris nimuSs<br />
da `Juliko~ ki, romelic ar dabeWdila, arc aravin cdila<br />
mis xalxSi gavrcelebas da mxolod `fulikos~ mibaZviTa<br />
da misive sapasuxod, xumrobiT daiwera, ar unda daweriliyo?<br />
ra Znelia batonobis survili!! Cven liberal-publicist-kritikosebs<br />
jer kidev ver mounelebiaT gadasuli<br />
baton-ymoba da sul ukana ricxvebiT wuwunoben da<br />
gulSi ki Turme, TviTon brZanebulan mtarval-batonebi.<br />
ai, damamtkicebeli sabuTebic: 1) silovanis saxeliT `iveriis~<br />
furclebzed gamoibeWda ucnauri proklamacia,<br />
romliTac amtkiceben, rom akaki qveynis orguli da moRalateao<br />
da Tanac ganCinebas gvidgenen: `Tavi dagvanebos<br />
akakim, gaSordes qarTvelobaso! amas Txovilobs mTeli<br />
saqarTvelo da misi megobrebic amasve urCeveno~ da sxvani...<br />
rom wavikiTxeT, gagvikvirda!.. yvelasa aqvs ufleba,<br />
TavisTvis, Cumad, radac unda, Tavi imad warmoidginos da<br />
saSinao davTarSic rac unda, is Casweros, magram gazeTi<br />
xom erTi vinmes kuTvnileba ar aris? is mTeli eris aris<br />
saSviliSvilod da rac iq ibeWdeba, sayuradReboa!.. Cvenc<br />
mitom SevekiTxeT redaqcias: gvibZaneT, SegvatyobineT,<br />
vin aris es silovani, romelic mTeli saqarTvelos saxeliT<br />
ganCinebas adgens da cocxladve saflavebSi gvaZvrens<br />
misis azriT? mefea gvirgvinosani? amorCeuli prezidenti?<br />
Tu garibaldzed udidesi saero gmiri-diqtatori?<br />
an ukan ra bargi mosdevs saqveynod da an win ra<br />
sagzali miuZRvis, rom ase didaT moaqvs Tavi-Tqo? amas<br />
yvela ikiTxavda Cvens adgilzed da Cvenc vikiTxeT. axla,<br />
ai, rogor gadausxvaferebiaT es Cveni sityvebi `silovanis~<br />
TanSeTqmulebsa da megangaSeebsa: `akaki ambobs: `me,<br />
∗ dekoracia<br />
47
did vinmes, rogor mibedavs viRac patara silovania sityvis<br />
Semokadrebaso?~ `xandaxan sindisic kargi saqoneliao!~<br />
_ naTqvamia vaWrebSi. TviTon gamouWriaT da Tvi-<br />
Tonve hkeraven!.. mohyolian kaWkaWur ocobodias Cveulebrivad,<br />
romelic Tavis gunebaSi sibrZne-mecniereba<br />
hgoniaT, da Wkuis maswavleblaTac gamopetriglaxavebulan...<br />
modiT axla da gamoekamaTeT maT?! 2) rodesac Cven<br />
wyevla-krulviT da muqariT gamogvixten axalmodis raindebi,<br />
gagvikvirda. miT ufro, rom Cvenda Tavad arc ker-<br />
Zod da ar arc sazogadod imaTTan saqme ara gvqonia ra da<br />
mizezic ara migvicia ra. Cveni damnaSaoba mxolod is iyo,<br />
rom maTi brZanebiT maT Wkuazed ver gaviareT!.. es ar<br />
eWaSnikaT!.. maT ferxulSi, romelic Cven ar mogvwons, rom<br />
ar CavebiT, gabrazden, dahkarges zrdilobac ki da mogvdgen...<br />
magram ranairaT?!!.. rac ki saukadriso sityva iyo<br />
qarTul leqsikonSi, amoweres, amoiRes da mogvayares qvagundad.<br />
ras ar gvewameboden? ras ar amtkicebden? akakim<br />
es Caidina da isao! qveynis orgulia, moRalatea, grZnobagonebis<br />
gamyidvelia, goneba Clungi, umecari, uswavleli,<br />
magisi aRara varga! sisulelis mets veRaras swerso da<br />
sxvani... xma ar gagviRia, magram albaT imaTac igrZvnes,<br />
rom siCume marto Tanxmobis niSani ki ar aris, zogjer<br />
zizRis bralic ariso da Cvenma siCumem da xmis gamouReblobam<br />
sul gadaria isini! imdenze miaRwies, rom Cven Sesaxeb<br />
sityva `gamosuqinsinebulic~ ki ixmares. Cven arc maSin<br />
dagviZravs krinti da mxolod esa vsTqviT: ar viRebT xmas<br />
imitom, rom Cvenzed moseulebi ar migvaCnia yuradRebis<br />
Rirsad, rogorc ara normalur mdgomareobaSi myofni!<br />
gveukadriseba kidec maTi ayola da im vaJbatonebis saxelis<br />
xsenebac ki, romelTac iagos roliT SemoudgamsT fexi<br />
cxovrebaSi da desdemonas cxvirsaxociT undaT cxovrebaSi<br />
gaimkvlion gza-Tqo. aq Cven arc vismesi gvari gvixsenebia<br />
da arc saxeli... ganyenebulad iyo naTqvami, magram,<br />
hoi sakvirvelebav, Cven dausaxelebladac gamocvivden<br />
kandidatebi da ayvirden: Cvena varT is iagoo! vicaniT<br />
48
Cveni Tavio da apilpilden. ai esec kidev nimuSi maTis medidurobisa<br />
da baton-ymuri grZnobis!.. Cven pirdapir Seuracxebas<br />
mogayenebT, saxelsac gixsenebT, gvarsac, mwerlobasac<br />
da es araferio!.. da Tqven ki viRaceebs zizRs<br />
rom ucxadebT, is Cven unda viyoT da rogor gabedeT Cveni<br />
ase agdebao? da sxvani. rwyil-tilebs da Wia-Ruebs gve-<br />
Zaxiso, rom SebRavian qveyanas. gana es marTalia? aba erTi<br />
damisaxelon, vis mivaTiTeT da an romeli maTgani piradaT<br />
movixsenieT?.. igav-araki, romelSiac kerZod, piradad,<br />
aravin ar aris dasaxelebuli, raT unda swyindes vismes?<br />
rodesac naTqvamia, rom ama da am wreSi, ama da am gunds,<br />
sadac kargic ureviao, umetesoba ara gvwamso, raT vinme<br />
eCreba im uvargisebSi da kargebTa Soris vera grZnobs<br />
Tavs, Tu guli sagules aqvs da niori ar uWamia? is ra Cveni<br />
bralia, rom zogierTebma Cvens arakSi Tavis Tavi dainaxon?<br />
ai, sagulisxmo magaliTi: is `nacarqeqiebze~ igavaraki,<br />
romelmac ase gaabraza dRevandeli Cveni kenWosnebi,<br />
am ocdaSvidis wlis wineTac iyo naTqvami `droebaSi~<br />
cxel-cxel ambebSi. maSindelma mekenWeebma iucxoves da<br />
aurzauri astexes, Cvena varTo, sworeT ise, rogorc dRes<br />
maTi Svilebi ideben Tavis Tavze da romels daujeroT<br />
mamebs Tu Svilebs? arc erTs!.. igav-araki cxovrebis sarkea.<br />
mesarkes is ki ara aqvs miznaT, esa da es maxinji gavajavroo!<br />
ara, is sazogadod hfiqrobs: ai me am sarkes vake-<br />
Teb, dee, yvelam Caixedos Sig, mSveniermac da maxinjmac,<br />
wmidamac da gasvrilmac. Caixedon da sasargeblod gamoiyenono!~<br />
es cxadi WeSmariteba dRevandel Cven zogierT<br />
publicistebs an ar esmiT da an, Tu esmiT, ganzraxv iugnureben<br />
Tavs da amitomac am vaJbatonebTan Cven aRara<br />
gvaqvs ra sakamaTo!.. sadac undaT da rac undaT sweron!..<br />
Cven pasuxis gamcemi ara varT, miT ufro, rom droc ara<br />
gvaqvs: vamzadebT qarTvel moRvaweebis ormoci wlis<br />
Tavgadasavalsa.<br />
akaki<br />
5 marti, 1900 weli<br />
49
gancxadeba<br />
am bolo dros xSirad sasayveduro werilebi momdis<br />
xolme: xan sizarmaces mewamebian da xan _ Jinianobas, rom<br />
aRar swero!.. erTica da meorec Semcdari azria. da ai simarTle:<br />
mimiRia ra mxedvelobaSi <strong>qarTuli</strong> Jurnal-gaze-<br />
Tebis xelmokleoba da agreve naxevar saukunis literaturuli<br />
Sromis Semdeg Cemi mdgomareobac, vacxadeb Semdegs:<br />
me kidev SemiZlia da mzaTac var viSromo Cven qar-<br />
Tul Jurnal-gazeTebSi yvelgan Semdegis pirobiT: 1) Cemi<br />
nawerebi sazogadod xelSeuxebeli unda ibeWdebodes redaqciis<br />
mxriT da raSic ar meTanxmeba, imas SeniSvna gaukeTos.<br />
2) mokle leqsebSi striqonSi TiTo abazs viReb da<br />
poemebSi or-ol Saurs. 3) prozaSi saerTod TiTo Sauri,<br />
magram ekonomiurad ki nu sbeWdaven da maSin mec iZulebuli<br />
aRar viqnebi, rom sxvagvari samuSao veZio! ai, sruli<br />
simarTle, romlis gamomJRavnebac ar mindoda, rom usafuZvlo<br />
werilebs da umrTo miTqma-moTqmas ybiT ar<br />
aveRe.<br />
50<br />
akaki<br />
[1908]
mcire ram SeniSvna<br />
Teatri sazogadod saskolo sarbielia, saidanac xelovnurad<br />
Sezavebuli, sasiamo da imave dros sasargeblo<br />
ram, msmenel-mayurebels grZnoba-gonebas uxiblavs da<br />
cxovrebis brZmedSi atarebs, da Tu es Rirseba aklia, ma-<br />
Sin ubralo salazRandaro safundrukod gadaiqceva.<br />
g. erisTavis maRalma niWma da v o r o n c o v i s m e -<br />
o x e b a m Tavdapirveladve utyuar gzaze daayena <strong>qarTuli</strong><br />
scena da mitomac maSindel Teatrs mSobliuri suli<br />
edga da xorci esxa; muraviovma dRe daumokla Zliv fexadgmuls<br />
da mas Semdeg qarTvelebs Teatri aRar gvRirsebia.<br />
amis Tqmas, vici, bevri iucxovebs: `sad maSin da sad<br />
axlao, _ ityvis, _ rodesac sakuTari Senoba gvaqvs saTeatro<br />
yovelgvar masalebiT savseo, saxelovani aqtioraqtrisebi<br />
gvyvanan da piesebic uTvalavi gviWiravs xel-<br />
Sio~. marTla, axla sakuTari Senoba aqvs qarTul Teatrs<br />
da Zalian magraTac aSenebuli, Tvara rac iq `vaSa~, `vaSas~<br />
Zaxilia, kedlebi unda ingreodes. msaxiobTa gundi SesaniSnavia<br />
da piesebic mravali, gansakuTrebiT naTargmni;<br />
erisTavis dros ki arc saxli iyo, arc scenis mowyobiloba,<br />
arc piesebi, garda antonovisa da erisTavis vodevilkomediebisa,<br />
magram mainc SedarebiT maSindeli sjobda<br />
dRevandels. rac maSin iyo, qarTvelisadmi saSinao da saTvalTvalo<br />
iyo da dRes ki yoliferi: `gareT mters guls<br />
uklavs da SigniT moyvares~.<br />
_ dRes qarTul TeatrSi, qarTul scenaze, deda-ena<br />
gansacdelSia Cavardnili. guliTac rom undodes kacs,<br />
CiqorTulis mets veras gaigonebs, maSin, roca sxva qveynebSi,<br />
sxva xalxebSi, axalgazrdoba TeatrSi mitom ufro<br />
daiareba, rom deda-ena ufro safuZvlianad Seiswavlos,<br />
CvenSi ki piriqiT, rac icis, isic unda daiviwyos da gasworebis<br />
magivrad gadimaxinjos ena.<br />
am WeSmaritebas CvenSi dRes yvela naTlad xedavs, magram<br />
mainc yvela Tavs marTlulobs da erTi meores<br />
51
abralebs: `mwerlebi ver sweren kargis eniTao~, `cudad<br />
Targmniano~, `komiteti yurs ar ugdebs da aras daeZebso~,<br />
`reJisori ar gvyavso~, `aqtiorebi rols ar izepirebeno~_<br />
da sxvani.<br />
es yvela Tumca marTalia, magram gamtyunebiT ki yvelaze<br />
ufro aqtior-aqtrisebi arian gasamtyunari: mwerloba<br />
da komiteti saqvelmoqmedo sarbielia, usasyidlo<br />
da aqtior-aqtrisebi ki sasyidels iReben. amas gardac<br />
bevrjer davswrebivar, rom kargi eniT dawerili piesa avtors<br />
veRar ecnos aqtiorebis ybaSi Cavardnili. `aqanei~,<br />
`maqanei~, `masTen~, `biWi vceme~, `faetoni damiZaxe~, `Wkuisagan<br />
SeSliliao~ da sxvani.<br />
dRevandeli sasceno samkaulebi gadamTielia da ara<br />
Cveneburi. istoriul piesebisTvis aTiode daglejili<br />
qulaja aqvT, ramdenime qudboxoxa da oriode uqarqaSo<br />
dana-xanjali _ da morCa gaTavda... amiT aferadeben istoriul<br />
piesebs, romel saukunesac unda ekuTvnodes, Soreuls<br />
Tu maxlobels. gvinaxavs rusTaveli rusuli talmiT<br />
morTuli da guriel-dadianebi satakimasxaro kintur qamar-tanisamosiT<br />
gamowyobili da sxvani... magram qarTulad<br />
ki arc erTxel...<br />
piesebic, rasakvirvelia, bevri gvaqvs, gansakuTrebiT<br />
naTargmnebi. biornsebma, meterlinkebma, ibsenebma da<br />
sxvaTa scena moikaves, magram maTi xelovnuri dekadentoba<br />
dRevandel qarTvelis grZnoba-gonebas bevrs veras<br />
eubneba, radganac, axal piesebze is Zveli <strong>qarTuli</strong>,<br />
antonov-erisTavis nawerebi ufro axlos arian: erisTavis<br />
dasis xsenebac aRarsad aris dRes. maSindel aqtiorebis<br />
saxelic daviwyebulia da dRevandelebs ki mowonebiT ixsenieben<br />
Jurnal-gazeTebSi, marTlac bevri niWieri ereva<br />
maTSi, magram mainc <strong>qarTuli</strong> aqtior-aqtrisebi ki arsad<br />
arian. rac adamians bunebiTad ar Seusisxlxorcebia, imas<br />
rogor daasuraTebs?...da mitomac Cveni niWieri moTamaSeebi<br />
sabraloni arian evropiul, dRevandel, dekadentur<br />
piesebSi. magaliTad, ra unda iyos gabunias qali gretxe-<br />
52
nis rolSi da CerqeziSvilis qali rusis maTuSkaSi? aq<br />
imaT niWic umtyunebs da Semoqmedebac.<br />
axla vnaxoT, ra gzasa da mimarTulebas<br />
unda daadges Cveni Teatri. _<br />
sworeT imisTanas, rogorsac adgian<br />
rusukebi (malorosielebi). mcire ruseTs<br />
da didi ruseTs Soris iseTive<br />
gansxvavebaa, rogorc amereTsa da imereTs<br />
Sua. ruseTTan erTad rusukebic<br />
erTis Camomavlobis arian da maTi<br />
enac erTsa da imave Zirze amonayari,<br />
mxolod cotaodnad (gametebuli) ise<br />
rogorc megrul-<strong>qarTuli</strong> ena da megruli<br />
kilo-kavi. amitomac mcire ruseTis<br />
macxovreblebs, anu rusukebs<br />
Tavisi mwerloba, rasakvirvelia, ar<br />
hqoniaT da ukeTesi maTi moRvaweebi<br />
rusulaT swerdnen, rogorc magali-<br />
Tad gogoli. mxolod warsul saukunis<br />
Sua xanebSi taras SevCenkom daiwyo<br />
rusukebis kiloT wera da amiT<br />
morCa da gaTavda! mimbaZvelebi mainca<br />
da mainc bevri aRar gamouCnda.<br />
am oci wlis winad krapivnickim Seadgina saTeatro<br />
dasi, rom TavSesaqcevari warmodgenebi gaemarTa xolme<br />
dabal-wodebisaTvis, romelic uqme dReebze usaqmurobis<br />
gamo kabakebSi loTobiT ixrCobdnen Tavs. survili kargi<br />
iyo, magram saqme saZnelo, rodesac erTi patara vodevilis<br />
meti ara moepovebodaT-ra maT kiloze dawerili,<br />
garda kotliarevskis `natalka paltavelisa~. am naklma<br />
mainc ver SeuSala xeli krapivnickis: iman mihyo xeli<br />
rusuli piesebis gadmokeTebas. Caudga adgilobrivi suli,<br />
misca mSobliuri fer-xorci. zogi Tanamedrove cxovrebidan<br />
iyo aRebuli, zogic da umetesi, viTom istoriuli<br />
mikib-mokibva da gaaCaRa saqme. pirvel xanebSi sasa-<br />
53
cinod ar hyofnidaT es saqme, rogorc saburWalo ram, ara<br />
Tu rusebs, TviT rusukebsac ki. magram mokle xnis ganmavlobaSi<br />
futkariviT iyara krapivnickis dasma da dRes<br />
aT gundze metia, moikida fexi ara marto samSobloSi,<br />
mTel ruseTsac ki moedven. dadian xan aq, xan iq, yovel<br />
qalaqebSi adgenen da saxsarTan erTad saxelsac imkoben.<br />
_ am saqmes ise Sexedes rusukebma, rogorc sazogado<br />
wminda moRvaweobas da ara sabavSvo, saburWalo ram<br />
gasarTobs, rogorc Cven gvgonia. imaT dasebSi umaRles<br />
saswavlebel-dasrulebulic bevri urevia. zogi doqtoria,<br />
zogi iuristi da zogi kidev vin ar ginda, TiTqmis yvela<br />
Segnebulia da goneba ganviTarebuli. naTargmn piesebs<br />
xels ar kideben. misTanas aras warmoadgenen, rasac pirdapiri<br />
kavSiri ara aqvs maTs samSoblosTan an istoriulad,<br />
an Tanamedroulad da momavlis sagulisxmod. suvorinma<br />
urCia znakovecis qals: Tu Cem TeatrSi gadmoxval da<br />
rusulad daiwyeb TamaSs, weliwadSi Tormet aTas maneTs<br />
mogcem da saxeli da dideba kidev sxva iqnebao. Sens did<br />
niWs raT xarjav mag patara saqmeSio? am sityvebiT Seuracxyofilma<br />
artistma qalma upasuxa: milionic rom momce<br />
Cemi samSoblos samsaxurs misis gaWirvebiT ar gavcvli<br />
sxva ramezeo. CvenSi ki garda abaSiZisa, safarovas qalisa<br />
da v. guniasi ar minaxavs da arc dRes meguleba, rom sasxvaTaSorisod<br />
ar uyurebdes qarTul scenas da, Tu uke-<br />
Tesi ram iSova, wixli ar kra Cvens Teatrs... niWiT savsesa<br />
da Cvengan camdi ayvanil artists mesxiSvils aba Tu erTi<br />
romelime roli Seuqmnia, rom Cvenis cxovrebidan iyos<br />
aRebuli da <strong>qarTuli</strong> suli edgas? am mxriT balanCivaZec<br />
ki sjobnis. da Tu ukeTesi Cveni artistebi, Cveni mxatvrebisa<br />
ar iyos, garewrebi arian yovelive mSobliuris,<br />
sxvebze raRa gveTqmis.<br />
am garewrobis gasamarTleblad Cveni e.w. moRvaweebi<br />
wara-mara gaiZaxian: Cven ra vqnaT, rom qarTvelebSi ara<br />
aris ra, rom sayuradRebo iyoso.<br />
54
an samxatvro sad aris da an piesebi sada gvaqvso? _<br />
visac guli uSlis, is verc aras naxavs da verc gaigebs... ra<br />
mizezia, rom rusukebs sul aTi Tu oci piesa aqvT, isic<br />
gadmokeTebuli, meti ara, da amdeni xani iolad midian:<br />
TiTo piesas weliwadSi oc-ocjer adgenen da xalxi mainc<br />
siamovnebiT eswreba da Cvenebi ki gvarwmuneben, rom qar-<br />
Tveli kaci erTxel naxuls piesas meored aRar naxavso? es<br />
didi tyuilia. xelovneba iseTi ramea, rom visac xiblavs,<br />
misgan moxibluli ki ar gaurbis, piriqiT, scdilobs, rom<br />
xSirad adevnos Tval-yuri da inetaros...<br />
piesa rac ufro niWierad aris dawerili,<br />
miT ufro Zneli saTamaSoa.<br />
uniWo artistebs SeuZliaT ise daamaxinjon<br />
Cinebuli piesa, rom mayurebels<br />
zizRi mogvaron da SeaZulon. da<br />
agreTve ubralo ramec ise kargaT<br />
SeiZleba iTamaSon, rom damswreT<br />
isiamovnon.<br />
rac ufro Zlieri da maRali rolia, imas ufro Zlieri<br />
niWi eWirveba, magram miuxedavad amisa, pirvel rolebs<br />
yvelani etanebian. `ai, qalo, kargi roliao da TavisTavadac<br />
gamoitans Cven uniWo TamaSso!~ aviwydebaT, rom<br />
uniWo aqtiorisTvis yvela roli miuwvdomelia didic da<br />
patarac da niWierisTvis ki sul erTia: didSidac da pataraSiac<br />
gamoiCens Rirsebas. rusukebis artistebs es WeSmariteba<br />
SeugniaT da mwyobrad TamaSoben da butkas ar<br />
SeCerebian. Cvenebi ki ise gamodian scenaze, rom Tavis<br />
saTqmeli sityvebic ar ician, Torem mTeli piesa arc waki-<br />
Txuli aqvT da arc misi deda-azri ician da raRa unda<br />
dagvisuraTon.<br />
raRa bevri gavagrZelo sityva?.. vityvi gadaWriT:<br />
1. gadaTvalierdes Cveni piesebi da rac sasargeblo ar<br />
aris, gamoigavos repertuaridan.<br />
55
2. ena gadaswordes.<br />
3. reJisorma jer unda waukiTxos artistebs Tavidan<br />
bolomde piesa, gaacnos deda-azrs, auxsnas TviTeuls<br />
moqmedi piris xasiaTi da yvelas misTana roli daurigos,<br />
romelic mis niWs Sehferis.<br />
moTamaSeebma jer unda gaizepiron TavTavisi rolebi<br />
da mere daiwyon repeticiebi. intrigebsa da kulisebSi<br />
miTqma-moTqmas eridon da sufliorebis imedaT ar iyon<br />
xolme. Tu am gzas daadgebian, me darwmunebuli var, rom<br />
Cveni Teatri saxels gamoibrunebs da maSin eseni ki aRar<br />
Seexvewebian publikas `iareT RvTis gulisaTviso~, `saqvelmoqmedo<br />
saqmeao~, aramed TviTon publika ecdeba maT<br />
xSirad naxvas da scenis Tvalyuris devnebas.<br />
56<br />
[1908-1914]
<strong>qarTuli</strong> arqeologiuri naSTebi<br />
da zepirsityviereba<br />
me safilosofoso da samecniero saubriT Tavs ar<br />
SegawyenT, ubralo rameze msurs gesaubroT, imaze, rac me<br />
didi xania naRvelSxamaT maqvs gulze da rac marto Cemi<br />
sapirado ar aris. igi Tqvenc SegexebaT da Tu TqvenSi TanagrZnoba<br />
gamoviwvie, Cemi jildoc es iqneba. bedaurebi,<br />
Zveli baCebi gadaSendnen, dRevandeli qarTvelebi ise<br />
gvanan TavianT winaprebs, rogorc baxi cxenebi winandel<br />
bedaurebs. Cveneburi Taviseburi aRara gvaqvs da axals ki<br />
maimunuraT viTvisebT. bevri imasac fiqrobs da mzakvrulad<br />
ambobs: ra hqonia Cvens winaprebs, ra dagvitoves, rom<br />
igi davkargoTo! maT dagvitoves `akldama~, anu gmirTa<br />
savane, romelsac mTlianad saqarTvelo ewodeba. es mSvenieri<br />
sanatreli qveyana, didebuli nayofis momcemi da<br />
yvavilovan-surnelovani edemi, mowameTa sisxliT aris<br />
gaJRenTili da TavdadebulTa ZvlebiTa gapoxierebuli.<br />
im Tavidan qarTvelebs mtrebTan brZolaSi, sisxlis Rvra-<br />
Si Tavi usaxelebiaT, Tavisi vinaoba gmiriviT daucavT,<br />
magram amave dros hqonda mas kulturuli rame, caloda<br />
mas amisaTvis, an dagvitova man raime naSTebi qarTveli<br />
xalxis kulturisa? is xalxi, romelic Tavis sicocxleSi<br />
brZolis velze aTen-aRamebda, sulier moZraobiTac ar<br />
CamorCeboda sxva bednier erebs kulturis mxriT da maT<br />
ara Tu gverdSi amodgomia, kidev bevrisaTvis gadauWarbebia.<br />
Cingis-yaenebma, murvan-yruebma, leng-Temurebma, baiozeTebma,<br />
Sah-abasebma da sxvebma mravaljer aaoxres<br />
saqarTvelo, cecxliTa da maxviliT spobdnen yvelafers.<br />
am dros mravali kulturuli qmnilebani gaoxrda, moispo<br />
da mxolod mcirediRa daurCa mtarvalebis xels, swored<br />
is, risic gadamalva, miuval adgilebSi agebul taZrebsa,<br />
saydrebsa da cixeebSi Senaxva moaswres. mravali siZvele,<br />
xalxis kulturis maCvenebeli nivTebi inaxeboda svaneTSi<br />
57
`kvirikes eklesiaSi~, raWaSi _ nikorwmindis taZarSi, imereTSi<br />
_ gelaTis monasterSi da mraval sxva SesaniSnav<br />
taZrebSi.<br />
Cvens maxsovrobaSi, Cvenive Tvalis win yvela es SesaniSnavi<br />
nivTebi ise daikarga, ise moitaces, rom arc erTi<br />
TvalsaCino ram am taZrebSi aRar moiZebneba. svaneTSi<br />
`kvirikes eklesiis~ viTomda yaCaRebis mier gaZarcvis<br />
dros dakarguli Tamar mefis naqoni mozaikuri qamari er-<br />
Ti wlis Semdeg dakargvisa erT adgilobriv mosamsaxures<br />
mourTmevia erT vinme warCinebulisaTvis da misgan samagierod<br />
miuRia almasis beWedi da samsaxurSic dauwinaurebia.<br />
agreTve gaitaces 25 wlis winaT gelaTidan fasdaudebeli<br />
minanqriani saxareba da moskovSi rumiancevis<br />
muzeums amSvenebs. daswves da daadnes iqve darCenili<br />
sakuTari oqros qsovili, Tamaris qoSebi da daviT<br />
aRmaSeneblis beWedi.<br />
amaze raRa gveTqmis, rodesac guSinwin kavkasiaSi, vi-<br />
Tomda qristianobis gamavrcelebelma sazogadoebam brZaneba<br />
gamosca, rom qarTul eklesiaSi rac Senaxuli Zvirfasi<br />
nivTebi iyos, gamoitaneT, gayideT, fulad aqcieT da<br />
es fuli sazogadoebas moaxmareTo. da marTlac amaTi<br />
auqcioni Tbilisis kantoraSi mouxdeniaT arqimandrit<br />
kesarionis TavmjdomareobiT. ramdeni unda daRupuliyo<br />
mecamete saukunidan dawyebuli Cven dromde upatronobiT?<br />
maS Tu amodeni ganZi dagveRupa, raRaa Cveni Zveli<br />
kulturis maCvenebeli mowame? `qvaTa RaRadi~ esenia cixeebis<br />
nangrevebi, eklesiebi da taZrebi. ai, eseni mowmoben<br />
xuroTmoZRvrebis aRorZinebas CvenSi da es xom erTi dargTagania<br />
eris kulturis maCvenebeli. magram vaqcevT raime<br />
yuradRebas `qvaTa RaRads?~ quTaisSi, magaliTad, er-<br />
Ti uZvelesi bagratis taZari ise uyuradRebodaa mitovebuli,<br />
rom misi mozaikuri qvebiT mcxovreblebi kerZo<br />
saxlebs aSeneben. bevrs igi guldasmiT arc ki aqvs nanaxdaTvalierebuli,<br />
bevr naswavls sazRvargareT ufro<br />
guldasmiT da siamovnebiT dauTvTalierebia, magaliTad,<br />
58
JenevaSi Silionis cixe da quTaisSi bagratis taZari ki ar<br />
unaxavs.<br />
magram Cven kidev dagvrCenia iseTi naSTebi Zveli kulturisa,<br />
romelic arc agre advilad warixoceba pirisagan<br />
qveynisa. esaa `Zveli literaturuli nawerebi~, romelnic<br />
raRac manqanebiT gadarCenilan da mouRweviaT Cvenamde.<br />
roca amgvar literaturul nawarmoebebze Camovardeba<br />
laparaki, maSinve `vefxistyaosans~ wavavlebT xels, magram,<br />
samwuxarod, igi aTasSi erTs ar waukiTxavs saswavlebelSiac<br />
da ar Seugnia misi Sinaarsi. erT did qarTul<br />
ojaxSi qarTveli inteligenti qali leonid andreevis<br />
Txzulebas gatacebiT kiTxulobda da iq myofs SemekiTxa:<br />
Tqven ra azrisa xarT andreevzeo? me vupasuxe: jer Tqven<br />
miTxariT raime rusTavelze da mere mec mogaxsenebT<br />
andreevze-meTqi. man ki amaze gakvirvebiT miTxra: `kto<br />
takoi es rusTavelio!~ _ es faqtebi erTeuli ar aris,<br />
aramed amgvar maswavleblebs ekuTvnis dRes umetesoba.<br />
Zvelad ara Tu zepirad icodnen `vefxistyaosani~, xalxSi<br />
igi zepiri gadmocemiTac iyo gavrcelebuli, magram dedaenaze<br />
dawerils vinRa afasebs...<br />
ZvelTagan datovebuli erTi ram gvaqvs dResac Sesisxlxorcebuli.<br />
es aris qvelmoqmedeba. dRevandeli garemoeba<br />
da gansacdeli, Tumc ar gvaZlevs SemTxvevas guluxvobisa<br />
da xelgaSlilobisas, magram Cven mainc Cvensas<br />
ar viSliT da mcire ricxvsac didad vafasebT da vxdiT<br />
erTi asad da aTasad. magaliTad, sakmaod vixdiT iubileebs,<br />
saocrad vmarxavT mkvdrebs da zedmetad Segvaqvs<br />
wvlili sxvadasxva fondebSi. magram amaebs yvelas, raRac<br />
kudabzikuri xasiaTi aqvs. vetanebiT mxolod imisTana rameebs,<br />
rac male eCxireba sxvebis Tvalsa da yurs da masac<br />
didi dro ar unda.<br />
sazogadoeba rom sruliad xels ar anZrevs Cvens xalxSi<br />
mravlad darCenil xalxur zepirsityvaobis Segroveba-gamocemaze,<br />
Zveli, saWiro xelnawerebis dabeWdvaze da<br />
misi, es, xalxis gonebrivi Zalis maCvenebeli naSTebi ikar-<br />
59
geba, qreba, masze mzrunvels veravis vxedavT, cxadia, amitom<br />
me vbedav da vTxov pativcemul sazogadoebas, rom<br />
Seadginos sakuTari fondi am ori friad saWiro saqmisaTvis<br />
da dautovos igi Svilebs da SviliSvilebs mosamkalad<br />
erTi asad. amgvar qvelmoqmedebas ki didi guluxvoba,<br />
xelgaSliloba ar unda! sakmaoa mxolod gulwrfeli survili,<br />
moTaveoba da miyola. sakmaoa am saqmisaTvis TiToeulma<br />
qarTvelma mTel Tavis sicocxleSi gamoiRos er-<br />
Tad-erTi abazi da dasdvas saerovno trapezze da amiT<br />
Sesdgeba is Tanxa, romliTac SeiZleba am ori saqmis: xelnawerebis<br />
dabeWdvas da xalxur zepirsityvaobis, rasakvirvelia,<br />
sasyidliT Segroveba-gamocemas. amas dasWirdeba<br />
miyola da yuris gdeba da amitomac Tqvens Soris air-<br />
CieT ramdenime piri, rom saqmes win wauZRves. me Cemi mxriT<br />
momixsenebia da awi Tqven iciT.<br />
60<br />
1910
osmaleTis qarTvelebs<br />
Cveno erTo tomo da erT mogvare Zmebo!<br />
didi xani ar aris mis Semdeg, rac ukuRmarTma bedma<br />
dagvikarga Cveni mravalsaukunoebiTi erToba, gagvapo<br />
Sua, gagvyo orad, gagvasxvava sarwmunoebiT da dagvaSora<br />
erTmaneTs qveSevrdomobiT. magram Cven ki mainc imave er-<br />
Tis tomis xalxi varT, rac adre viyaviT; imgvarive sisxli<br />
sduRs CvenSi dResac, romelsac adre Cven da Tqven Cvenis<br />
erTobisaTvis Tavganwirulad SeerTebulad vanTxevdiT;<br />
igive guli sZgers CvenSi, romelic Zvelad Cvenis qveynis<br />
erTobisaTvis siyvaruliT imsWvaleboda, _ da igive amayi<br />
da patiosani suli gvamxnevebs, romliTac Cven maSin er-<br />
Tad gauyoflad qveyanaSi qebiT vixseniebodiT. kidev meti<br />
vsTqvaT: dResac Cven mivendobiT imave erTs RmerTs,<br />
romelic adre gvfaravda. Cvena gvaqvs erTi istoria, romelic<br />
saqarTvelosadmi RvawlSi Tqven ufro did wils<br />
gidebsT, rogorc Semxebs, mosamZRvreebs, _ is ar daikargeba<br />
ukunisamde, sanam ki saqarTvelo arsebobs da sanam<br />
Cveni deda ena ar gamqrala, is tkbili ena, romelic Tqven<br />
agre mamacurad da patiosnurad ucxoobaSic ki SeginaxavsT.<br />
sadac unda viyoT, ragind Sors viyoT erTmaneTzed,<br />
didaT rom ganvsxvavdebodeT garegnobiT, Cven mainc<br />
yovelTvis erTi unda viyoT im mizezebiT, romelic zemoT<br />
CamovTvaleT. Cveni calcalkeoba, Cveni gayofa orad _<br />
Cveni bedisa da Zalis ganaxevreba aris. rogorc Zvelad,<br />
ise dResac uTqvenod Cveni Wiri orkecdeba da lxini ki<br />
naxevrdeba. Tu Tqven cud mdgomareobaSi gvegulebiT, ma-<br />
Sin Cveni keTildReobac aRarafrad gviRirs da Tu Tqvenc<br />
CvenTan erTad Cveni TanamgrZnobi da erTad uRlis gamwevad<br />
gxedavT, maSin Wirsac aRar SevuSindebiT. RmerTma nu<br />
qnas uTqvenoba CvenTvis da uCvenoba TqvenTvis. ori naxevari<br />
calcalad yovelTvis usrulo nawilebad darCebian,<br />
magram erTad SeerTebiT ki erT sruls Seadgenen. diax,<br />
suliTa da guliT Cven erTi, erTis bedsqveS unda viyoT<br />
63
yovelTvis. [*] 1 dRes iseTi dro dagvidga da iseTi niSnebi<br />
sCans, rom orives gvmarTebs dafiqreba Zmurad da saer-<br />
Tod: Tu vincobaa, Cvens mflobelebs Sua moxdes SuRli<br />
da astydes omi, Cven rogor unda daviWiroT Cveni Tavi?<br />
advilad SesaZlebelia, rom Cven CamovideT Tqvens mxare-<br />
Si, magram mitom ki ara, rom Tqvenzed xeli aviRoT da mogindomoT<br />
amowyveta-aoxreba da Zmebzed vilaSqroT, _<br />
maSin Cveni winaprebis Zvlebi saflavSi SeiZvrian! ara,<br />
Cven Tu CamovalT, mxolod misTvis, rom amdenis xnis mo-<br />
Sorebul mogvareebs Zmurad gadagexvioT, samoyvrod da<br />
sanaTesavod. Tqvenc Tqvenis mxriT aseve gmarTebsT Cven-<br />
Tan moqceva. Cvens erTmaneTzed gul-gasagrileblad da<br />
saorgulod is mizezi sakmao ar aris, rom Tqven mahmadianebi<br />
xarT da Cven qristianebi. RmerTi erTi da igivea yvelasaTvis,<br />
is aris gamrCevi yvelasi zecas da aq aravis mar-<br />
Tebs TavisTavad amaT angariSi. am mizezebma Cveni Zmoba<br />
ver unda moSalos da ver unda gagvaorgulos erTmaneTzed.<br />
vimeorebT, rom Cveni valia dRes mofiqreba! Cven nu<br />
SevexlebiT erTmaneTs, movicadoT, velodeT saerTo ke-<br />
TildReobas, movemzadoT misTvis da bedi TviT gviCvenebs,<br />
sad da ra sjobs CvenTvis.<br />
1 teqstis momdevno nawili qveyndeba pirvelad. red.<br />
64<br />
[1875-1877]
sityvis banze agdeba<br />
didi faca-fucia dRes TbilisSi: 1 ) gaxurvebuli eZeben<br />
qalaqis Tavs; xan erTi kuTxisaken garbian da xan meorisaken,<br />
maSin rodesac yvelam ki kargaT icis, rom vinc undaT<br />
arCeulic hyavT da sxva da sxva kandidatebis dasaxeleba<br />
ubralo `aski-kukus~ TamaSia da Tvalis axveva. bismarkic<br />
rom iyos qarTveli, maSinac aravin miaSavebs mas<br />
dRes qalaqis mouravobas. maS, raRaT asaxeleben maT? sabodiSoT<br />
da salaRoboT!.. maTi gul-wrfeloba am SemTxvevaSi<br />
ukudo diplomatoba aris da sxva araferi. `nikolaZe<br />
kargi iqnebao~ _ amboben. romeli nikolaZe?! is xom ara,<br />
romlis rCevasac, roca maTTan iyo, yuradRebasac ar aqcevden...<br />
WavWavaZeo?. romeli?! trixinis avtori?! ra Tqma<br />
unda, Zalian epitnavebaT! zubalovio? romeli?! is romelic,<br />
roca maTTan iyo, ejavrebodaT, rogorc marTali da<br />
Rirseuli kaci? ara, es suyoliferi iafi fasis laTaiaa.<br />
aki iyo amorCeuli dimitri yifianio, _ metyvian, marTalia,<br />
magram is aucilebelma saWiroebam amoarCevinaT mxoloT<br />
da angariSma: oci, oc-da-aTi wlis awewil-dawewili,<br />
aburdul-daburduli saqme gamoawyobies, kancelaria<br />
rigze daayenebies, imsaxures da, roca gamosasworebeli<br />
aRara iyo ra, madlobis magieraT, ubralo xmosnaTac aRar<br />
airCies ara Tu qalaqis Tavad. ivanenko? me da Cemma<br />
RmerTma, rom kargi asarCevia maTTvis, Tu ki maTi wesdeba<br />
nebas miscems maT. cxadia, rom isev erTi maTgani unda air-<br />
Cion, magram vin? izmailovis Semdeg k. a. bebuTovs veravina<br />
jobs, magram is xom sxva saqmes adgia da ver moacdenen.<br />
alixanovi ar Tanxmdeba, evangulovi yoymobs, borisgodunovobs!..<br />
reiteri? wesdebis winaaRmdegi iqneba. dar-<br />
Ca isev marto g. Tumanovi da, Cveni azriT, ukeTessac ver<br />
gamoZebnian!...magram, vai, Tu ar apation is, rac viTom da<br />
1<br />
es werili mesame nomrisaTvis awyobili iyo, rodesac qalaqis arCevnebi<br />
gaTavda.<br />
65
RirsebaT CauTvala maTma gazeTma: `erT dros is qarTul<br />
interesebs misdevdao~. maS, visRa airCeven? rasakvirvelia,<br />
evangulovs. sxvebis dasaxeleba-ki uazro, banze<br />
sityvis agdebaa!.. ras niSnavs `banze sityvis agdeba~ da saidan<br />
wamomdgara es andaza?<br />
kaci rom laparakis dros gadauxv-gadmouxvevs da pirda-pir<br />
pasuxs ar iZleva, imaze ityvian: `sityvas banze agdebso~.<br />
es andaza Zvelis-Zvelia. etyoba, rom Cven mama-papebsac<br />
codniaT sityvebis gaband-gamobandva pasuxis asa-<br />
SoreblaT, da sityvis banze agdebac ise, rogorc Wirveul<br />
bavSvebis mosaSoreblaT burTs maRla banze aagdeben<br />
xolme. `sityvis banze agdebas~ dRes CvenSi ufro meti bazari<br />
aqvs, sadiplomato iaraRaT aris gadaqceuli da ufro<br />
mzakvruli xasiaTic aqvs, vidre ZvelaT.saqurdalze<br />
rom vinmes miaswro da amxilo, is maSinve `banze Seagdebs<br />
sityvas~ da pir-aqeTve dagiwyebs mtyunebas: `radganac me<br />
da Sen sul sxva-da-sxva tomis kaci varT da Sen ki Cemi<br />
tomis xalxi sazogadoT gZuls, mec mitom mwameb cilso~.<br />
tyvilaT ki ar aris naTqvami: `wyal-gaRma Seedave da wyalgamoRma<br />
dagrCebao~. qurdi pir-aqeT dagwamebs cils: `ama<br />
da am kacs Cemi gvaris yvela sZuls da emtereba!..ara daujeroT<br />
rao!~ amas rom yurs mohkraven misi tomis kacebi,<br />
isinic zogi sisuleliT da zogic boroti ganZraxviT mieqomagebian<br />
da atexen erT vai-uSvelebels. ramdenic unda<br />
iZaxo: `batonebo! ra SuaSia aq ucxo tomoba? es, romel<br />
naciasac unda ekuTnodes, sul erTia, Tu Searcxvens, Tvara<br />
veras asaxelebs! pirad saZaglobas mTels miss nacias<br />
awers da miTi unda Tavi gaimarTlos!.. amiT es Cirqsa<br />
cxebs Tavis tomis xalxs da me-ki, pir-iqiT, vambob, rom eg<br />
ar aris misi naciis warmomadgeneli tipi!.. magisTana gafuWebuli<br />
aqac iSviaTia da sxvani da sxvani. `amisTanebi<br />
rac unda iSvelo, damjere aRarsad aris!. yursac aRaravin<br />
gigdebs da gamodixar pir-aqeT Senve mtyuani!..Zalian magari<br />
xasiaTisa da Tav-ganwiruli iunda iyos kaci, rom<br />
qurds qurdoba amxilos, avazaks avazakoba da mezveres<br />
66
mezveroba!.. dRes am xerxs, ese igi sapolitiko banze sityvis<br />
agdebas, xels sWideben, ara Tu sxva tomebis, TviT Senive<br />
gvar-tomis gafuWebuli moZmeebic, rom wminda wyali<br />
aamRvrion da Sig mere TavisuflaT bade gaSalon. amave<br />
xerxs xmarobs dRes Cveni vaWari xalxic, romelsac Cven<br />
SemkrebelobiTad, gvar-tomobis gaurCevlaT, yvelas er-<br />
Tad somxebaT vuwodebT.<br />
saidan da rogor gaCnden CvenSi es vaWrebi? uxsovari<br />
droidan Cveni qveyana umTavresad or wodebaT iyo gayofili<br />
_ dabal-wodebaT da maRal-wodebaT. TviToeul<br />
maTgans Tav-Tavisi mosazRvruli movaleoba awva uRlaT;<br />
pirveli qveynis muSa iyo, miwis momqmedi da meore _ mxedari,<br />
romelic brZolis velze aTen-aRamebda. visac uZlurebis<br />
gamo anu sxva rame mizeziT am ori umTavresi movaleobis<br />
atana ar SeeZlo, is an beraT Sedioda monasterSi<br />
da an aReb-micemobas hkidebda xels. am ukanasknels ekuTnoden<br />
ebraelebi da somxebi. ebraelebi babilonis tyveobis<br />
dros gadmosaxlebulan CvenSi; somxebi-ki meSvide saukunidan<br />
dawyebuli gvexizneboden nel-nela. Cven imaT Zmuris<br />
siyvaruliT vegebebodiT, miT ufro, rom maTi sarwmunoebisa,<br />
e. i. grigorianebi qarTvelobaSiac bevri iyo darCenili.<br />
Semoxiznulebs mza eklesiebi dauxvdaT da qarTvelobam<br />
isini mama-Sviluradac Seitkbo. isinic ise gaqarTvelden,<br />
rom arafriT, garda sarwmunoebisa, qarTvelebisagan<br />
aRar gairCevoden. bevrma maTganma qveynis erTgulebisa<br />
da kargi samsaxurisaTvis Tavadobisa da aznaurobis Rirsebac<br />
miiRo; zogma miwis muSaobas mihyo xeli, magram umetesobam-ki<br />
vaWroba irCia da aReb-micemobac sakuTrad<br />
maT xelSi gadavida. ai, am movaWre xalxs, radganac mis<br />
umetesobas somxoba Seadgenda, Tumc Sig uriebi da daCiavebuli<br />
qarTvelebic erien, SemkrebelobiTad daerqva<br />
somxoba; ase rom CvenSi sityva `somexi~ da `vaWari~ erTsa<br />
da imaves niSnavda. am wris xalxs didi ufleba ara hqonia<br />
ra CvenSi!..isini sabatono iyven da gadasaxadic didi emar-<br />
TaT. gayofilebis sabuTebSi anu fardis wignebSi, xSirad<br />
67
SexvdebiT rom erT vaWars,somexs anu urias, romelsac,<br />
garda saxl-karisa sxva adgil-mamuli ara abadia ra, ocsa<br />
da oc-da-aT did memamule glexebs ufardeben.didi gvaris<br />
Svilebi miTi ufro iyven SeZlebuli, rom sakuTari<br />
bazrebi hqondaT, magaliTad: saCxereSi, onSi, xonSi, kulaSSi,<br />
CxarSi, suramSi, cxinvalSi da sxva da sxvagan. sanam<br />
qarTvelebis cxovreba Zveli wesiTa da rigiT midioda,<br />
Tavad-aznaurobac uzrunveli iyo, radganac erTi mxriT<br />
glexebi eWiraT xelSi da meoreTi_movaWre somex-uriebi;<br />
rac-ki dasWirdebodaT, yoliferi mzaT hqondaT da fuli<br />
mxoloT saTamaSo, saqeifo masalaT miaCndaT. ara Tu ZvelaT,<br />
rusobamde, rusis Semosvlis Semdegac, sanam kavkasiis<br />
mTebi ar daipyres, imave Zvel gzas adgen qarTvelebi.<br />
marTalia, fuli rom daWirdeboda romelsame Tavad-aznaurTagans,<br />
maSinac vaWars gamoarTmevda da, droze Tu ver<br />
gadauxdida, pasuxic mzaTa hqonda: `ra dagemarTa, kaco,<br />
rom mawuxeb? ra didi rame ggonia eg Seni raRac oxeri<br />
fuli! aRar dagvacli?!.. ager jarSi waval, gavimarjveb,<br />
pencias daminiSvnen da maSin Sig TavSi gaxli Sens fulebso~!..<br />
amgvari pasuxi dRes Tumca sasaciloa, magram maSin<br />
ki xSiraT gamarTldeboda xolme da rom kidevac ar gamar-<br />
Tlebuliyo, unda mainc orive mxares moecada. mxoloT<br />
baton-ymobis gadavardnidan SeiSala Zveli wesi da rigi:<br />
Tavad-aznaurobas rac hqonda, xelSi gamoecala da unuge-<br />
SoT daiwyo farTxali, ise rogorc Tevzma riyeze, _<br />
glexobas rac hqonda, is aRar SerCa!... marTalia, piradaT<br />
ganTavisuflda, magram miwa-wyali ki CamoerTva da mcire<br />
nadeli rac dauniSnes, imaSiac meoTxedi unda exada; amas<br />
garda, pir-da-pir gadasaxads bevri Separebuli gadasaxadic<br />
miemata da fuli saWiro Seiqna!.. es fuli ki arc ma-<br />
Ralsa da arc dabal wodebas ara hqonda!.. rom kidec hqonoda,<br />
misi moxmareba, miuCvevlobis gamo, arc erTma ar<br />
icoda... orive mxare SekrTa da fexi gadaubrundaT, mogebaSi<br />
darCa mxoloT is wodeba, romelsac ara dakargvia da<br />
ara daklebia ra, e.i. vaWroba: maTi simdidre fuli da sa-<br />
68
vaWro saqoneli iyo da imaTTvis xom xelic aravis uxlia?!..<br />
moviyvanT sanimuSod erT magaliTs: wereTels misi<br />
yma-vaWari cxraas Tumans aZlevda: marto-xeli var da gamiSvio.<br />
batoni aTas nakleb ar Seelia; mouswro reformam<br />
da ocdaxuTi maneTi ergo im vaWarSi, meti aRaraferi!<br />
diax, baton-ymobis gayram vaWrobas bedi karze moayena da<br />
maTi xelobis sarbielic gadidda. ufulo da fulis umecari,<br />
rogorc maRali, ise dabali wodebac orive burJuaziis<br />
xelSi Cavarda da daeSva ufskrulisaken. es rom<br />
dainaxes sxva mxris vaWrebma, moaSures am Cvens mxares<br />
sxva-da-sxva qalaqebidan: naxiCevnidan, erevnidan, ganjidan,<br />
azrumidan da sxva. Seiqna ekonomiuri brZola! magram<br />
ras vambob? ris brZola?!.. erTi mxriT dageSili mglebi<br />
da meoriT ki sabralo cxvrebi!.. cudi dro dadga aqaur<br />
mcxovreblebisaTvis... bolos, roca iqna, zogierTma Segnebulebma<br />
Tvali gamoaxiles da yvedreba daiwyes: `SegvWames<br />
vaWrebmao~! magram burJuaziam sityva banze aagdo da<br />
farad somxobis gvar-tomoba ixmara: `getyobaT, rom<br />
Tqven mteri xarT mTeli somxobisa, Tvara Cvenc ar dagviwyebdiT<br />
mtrulad yurebas?! eg, am droSi, ar ekadreba<br />
Tqven ganaTlebulobaso!.. naciis aTvalwuneba umecrebis<br />
niSania da barbarosobiso!~ _ `ra bZanebaa! ra SuaSia aq<br />
gvar-tomoba? somxis naciis mizani (Cven vfiqrobT) sruliadac<br />
ar moiTxovs imas, rom sxva xalxi amofxvras da gadaylapos!..<br />
Tqven ara brZandebiT somxobis warmomadgeneli!..<br />
Tqven mxoloT sakuTar Tavsa da kuWze fiqrobT da<br />
gvar-tomobas-ki mxoloT farad da pirbadeT xmarobTo~!<br />
_ ase daiZaxes zogierTebma CvenSi, magram gamgoni vinRa<br />
iyo, rodesac umetesoba Rrialebda da zuoda?!.. qarTvelebis<br />
mxriTac fuWma inteligentebma da cru liberalebma<br />
_ aqao da gaunaTlebloba aravin Segvwamoso, pirze<br />
xeli daifares: gaCumden, xmas aRar iRebden!.. amiT burJuaziam<br />
Tavi ufro aiSva, gaTamamda da xelSeuSlelaT gaabgamoaba<br />
qseli. xalxi gulSi iklavda javrs da naRveli<br />
Tan-da-Tan usivdeboda. siZulili Camovarda, romelsac<br />
69
olos kidec unda gamoexeTqa; magram am dros viTom da<br />
gamodis asparezze somxis axalgazdoba, namdvili axal-<br />
Taoba da sul sxva programma Semoaqvs cxovrebaSi!.. ai,<br />
ras gveubnebian Cven, qarTvelebs, (Tu dasajerebelia):<br />
`Tqven marTali xarT! egeni ar arian somxis interesebis<br />
warmomadgenelni!.. sadac Taflia, magaTi baRdadic iq<br />
aris! egeni iseTive mtrebi arian Cveni, rogoric Tqvenio;<br />
Cven ar mogvwons magaTi saqcieli, ar TanavugrZnobT magaT<br />
moqmedebaso~ da sxva. _ es aRsareba wminda guliTac<br />
rom ar yofiliyos naTqvami, maSinac ar unda dagvegdo<br />
uyuradReboT, magram Cven ki ase ar moviqeciT: qalaqis<br />
gamgeobaSi rom usiamovneba Camovarda qarTvel da somxebis<br />
xmosnebis Sua, Cvenebma es SuRli mTlaT somxobas miaweres!<br />
veRar SeniSnes, rom aq mxoloT vaWrebi ibrZoden<br />
da ara somxoba, romlis warmomadgeneli axali Taoba iqve<br />
iyo da qarTvelebis uaryofa ar surda. es mxoloT erTaderTma<br />
giorgi wereTelma SeniSna da darCa xmosnaT, magram<br />
martooba-ki daujda fasaT: umetesobam eqsoria uyo da<br />
SeaCvena ara marto is piradaT, _ TviT is Jurnali `kvalic~<br />
ki, sadac giorgi muSaobda. amgvar sastikobaze kidev<br />
aras vityodiT, rom sul mxoloT carieli piradoba ar<br />
gamomdgariyo: jer erT weliwadsac ar gauvlia da is vaJbatonebi,<br />
romelnic giorgi wereTelze ganaCensa swerden,<br />
piriqiT, midian imav vaWrebTan, ekavSirebian, emxrobian,<br />
imxroben da amtkiceben: Cven orives erTi da igive interesi<br />
gvaqvso! fie!.. `ase Cemo manaseo, xan ise da xan aseo~,<br />
rom ityvian sworeT es aris. Cven raRa unda vTqvaT, _ is,<br />
rom sul sxva azrisa varT: im axalgazdobas, romelic zemoT<br />
davasaxeleT, Cven viwamebT TanamoazreebaT, Tu saqmiTac<br />
dagvimtkiceben naTqvams!.. rac Seexeba Zveli Taobis<br />
warmomadgenel burJuazias, imaTi ki ra mogaxsenoT!..<br />
Cven isini moyvrebaT ar migvaCnia da wunsa vdebT im qar-<br />
Tvelebsac, romelnic sapirado angariSiT imaT ekedlebian<br />
da maTTan erTad sityvas banze gvigdeben.<br />
1897<br />
70
istoriuli ganxilva saxelwodebis:<br />
armenis, haistanis da somxeTis<br />
deda-miwis zurgi, rogorc viciT, yvelgan saerToT<br />
Zal-momreobis sarbiels warmogvidgens, sadac didi pataras<br />
ereva da Zlieri sustsa sCagravs. magram am Zal-momreobasac<br />
Tavisi kanoni aqvs: Sig, cxovrebis gaferadebuli<br />
xerxi da faric trialobs, umisod qveynis win msvleloba<br />
Seferxebuli iqneboda. xalxis sibrZnes or patara arakSi<br />
Cauyenebia msoflio cxovrebis didi sarke: `modi vnaxoT<br />
venaxio~ da `ar SegrCebao~. pirvelSi CamoTvlilia, Tu<br />
rogor SeWama miwa venaxma (vazma), venaxi _ Txam — Txa<br />
mgelma, _ mgeli _ Tofma da am gvaraT, rgols rom Semoivlis<br />
es cxovrebis kanoni dasabami isev dasawyiss uer-<br />
Tdeba da ukanasknel SemWmels isev miwa SeWams.<br />
meore kidev ufro sagulisxmocaa: matls iWers Citi<br />
SesaWmelaT: sikvdilis wineT eubneba patara msxverpli<br />
mis momrevs: `ar SegrCebao!~ marTlac, Cits qori iWers,<br />
qors _ arwivi, arwivs kaci hklavs, kaci kvdeba da isev<br />
matli sWams. aravis ar SerCeba ra! yvelas xdeba gadasaxadi.<br />
da am dausrulebel msoflio brZolaSi gamarjveba,<br />
Tumca, mxoloT droebiTi, magram mainc gamarjveba, imasa<br />
rCeba, vinc Segnebuli da win-daxedulia. aq sagulisxmo is<br />
aris, rom zogjer uzar-mazars, moZravsa da momqmed<br />
cxovels, patara uCinari mweri azis tanze, sisxlsa wuwnis<br />
da batonuraT ikvebeba. am gvari mkbenarebi ara Tu cxovelebSi,<br />
mcenareebSic arian, magaliTad, suro da fiTri.<br />
dedamiwaSi magraT fesveb gadgmuls, qar-grigalis Seupovars<br />
da mexis gamZle xes gars ewmaxvneba suro, kanSi ujdeba<br />
fiTri da xe-ki nel-nela xmeba. Tval-saCinoT gvixatavs<br />
amas erTi qarTveli axalgazrda mwerali:<br />
`mciva, mciva, Semibrale, TavSesafari momeci, siciviT<br />
nu momklav, xom xedav, patara var...lamis qarma gadamagdos<br />
da Tovlma damarCos!... bina momeci!~ ase evedreboda<br />
71
sicivisagan sikdililis pirze misuli pawawa fiTris Tesli<br />
msxlis xes. msxalma Seibrala, ifiqra madlia vupatronebo<br />
da uTxra: `SemoZveri, Se sawyalo, adgils rogor<br />
dagiWero?~ fiTris marcvali SeZvra msxlis qerq qveS, sadac<br />
ufro RrmaT iyo gaxeTqili da zed cilamde miekra.<br />
moikalaTa aq myudroT, TavisuflaT, xel-SeuSlelaT.<br />
ramdenic dro gadioda, imdenaT icvleboda msxlis qerqze<br />
tkipasaviT dakrobili fiTri: `izrdeboda, ibereboda,<br />
sul gan-gan iwevda, msxlis cila ramdensame alagas Caexvrita<br />
da tuCebiT dahkvroda. msxals aRarc-ki axsovda aq<br />
imis yofna da ambobda:`raRac miRitinebs, TiTqo arca<br />
mkbens da arca mwuwniso~. msxals jer vera gaego-ra da<br />
fiTri-ki nel-nela izrdeboda: Rers Reri emateboda,<br />
tots toti, foTols foToli; gasuqda, galaRda, gaibarjRa,<br />
gaizarda, gaSala Sors Tavisi brWyalebi. fesvidan<br />
momdinare wvens wveroebisaken aRar uSvebda, wovda, rogorc<br />
oboba buzs, wuwnida, rogorc balRi Saqars, Zreboda,<br />
rogorc svavi sisxliTa. msxali-ki Tan-da-Tan imSeoda.<br />
bolos, magram gvian-ki mwvaveT igrZno msxalma tkivili<br />
im adgilze, sadac fiTri ajda~.<br />
_ `vina xar, ra xar da ra sulieri? aRar moSordebi?<br />
Tu stumari xar, stumroba amdeni xnis ar gagonila, stumris<br />
wesi aasrule da Tu mteri xar, gamagebine mainc, ras<br />
Camciebixaro? _ daekiTxa msxali~.<br />
fiTrma gadaixarxara iseTi saZageli da sazareli xmiT<br />
da kiloTi, romelSiac gamoixateboda mware da gulis<br />
momkvleli dacinva.<br />
_ `raT unda wavide?! vera xedav, ramdeni varT? aba<br />
miixed-moixede, gaixede im totebze! Cveni samSobloc aq<br />
unda iyoso~.<br />
am Seupovrobis Semdeg, TiTqo jibrze, rac Zali da<br />
Rone hqonda wovda msxals; aRar imaleboda da aRarc adriandulaT<br />
Tavs ikatunebda.<br />
msxali nel-nela xmeboda da fiTri-ki xarobda. `udrovoT<br />
daberda, moikakva, daxavsda, daiRmiWa, qerqi daeRri-<br />
72
ja, kani dauskda, totebi daukopitda, zogi daemtvra, zogic<br />
naxevraT xmeli aqa-iqRa gaeSvira. sacodavi Sesaxedi<br />
patronma rom naxa, msxali xils aRar iZleoda, moWra daupira,<br />
magram mezobelma urCia: ver xedav, rom eg xe fiTrs<br />
Seuwuxebia? magas raTa sWri? Sen magas mxoloT gamxmari<br />
Stoebi gadasxepe, fiTri gaacale, moaSore da maSin naxav,<br />
Tu isev ise adrindulaT ar gaixaroso. daujera msxlis<br />
patronma. `kap-kup, kap-kup~ _ iZaxoda culis kakuni, Tan<br />
moWrili totebis Wriali da bartyuni. `axla-ki daiTvala<br />
Cemi dReebi, aRaraferi mixsniso~ _ hgodebda SeSinebuli<br />
xe, magram Ziridan, miwis jurRmulidan xma moesma: `nu<br />
geSinia! Cven isev cocxlebi varT, ar movkvdebiT raRai-ki<br />
fiTri aRar gvawuxebso!~ is xma iyo fesvebis Zaxili. `isini<br />
isev Ronierni, mZlavrni, mravalni, uTvalavni iyven, TavisTvis<br />
CumaT bnels, umzeo, Tval-Cauxedvel ukunSi mimalul-miCqmalulni,<br />
msxals axal-axali totebisaTvis uxv<br />
saWmel-sazrdos umzadebden da awvdiden~.<br />
rogorc mcenareebSi fiTri, suro da xavsi, anu cxovelebSi<br />
mkbenari mwerebi, ise adamianis tomebSiac urevian<br />
misTana gundebi, romelTac TviT-arseboba Tavis Tavad ar<br />
SeuZliaT da undaT sxvis sxeulze ixaron. amis magaliTs<br />
gviCvenebs is didi gundi movaWreTa, romelsac Cven SecdomiT<br />
somxebaT vuwodebT. uxsovari droidan, im TaviTve,<br />
gadmoudgams Tu ara biji iveriel toms, isinic adevnebian,<br />
gamouvliaT mcire azia, gadmoulaxavT masisi (ararati)<br />
da iqamde Camohyolian, rom fiTriviT gars Semoxvevoden<br />
da kanSi CaWrodnen.<br />
Tu gul-da-gul da ufro meti dakvirvebiT gadavavlebT<br />
Tvals istorias, Cven davinaxavT, rom es xalxi,<br />
sadac-ki Sexiznula da Tavi Seeufarebia, cota sulis mobrunebis<br />
Semdeg, dapatroneba moundomebia, Tavic iqaur<br />
mkvidraT aRuarebia da boganoT mosuloba gadaufuCeCebia.<br />
miuxedavad qarTul-berZnul istoriis wyaroebisa,<br />
maTma istoriam mefis warTmevac-ki mogvindoma da didi<br />
daviT kurapalati Tavis mefeT aRiara, rasakvirvelia im<br />
73
ganZraxviT, rom qveyana daerwmunebia: Tu mefe Cveni iyo,<br />
maSasadame, misi samflobelo _ taosis kari anu axlandeli<br />
Woroxis xeobac sasomxeTo yofilao. momavlis gasakvlevaT<br />
sxvisi warsulis misakuTreba da misive yofilis<br />
uaris yofa upirveles xerxaT uWiravT xelSi. imaT istorias<br />
rom davekiTxoT, TviT-arseboba qarTvelTa arasodes<br />
ar yofila saxsenebeli, enac imaT uwyalobebiaT Cven-<br />
Tvis, anbaniT maTs mesrobs Seufxzavs Cveni da wes-wyobilebac<br />
maTgan migviRia!... guSin ar iyo, rom maTi mecnieri<br />
_ patkanovi amtkicebda: qarTvelebs istoria ar hqoniaT,<br />
mxoloT meTvramete saukuneSi, vaxtangis dros, SeTxzes<br />
da isic somxur zRapridano? imaTi SegonebiT ar iyo, rom<br />
grenma sajaroT warmoTqva: `Tamar-mefe mxolod somxebisa<br />
da osebis intrigam dasva taxtze, Tvara im dros, me-<br />
Tormete saukuneSi, qarTvelebi mciresa da umniSvnelo,<br />
Seugnebel brbos warmoadgendao?! imaTi Jurnal-gazeTebi<br />
ar amtkiceben, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> ena ise Raribia, rom rTuli<br />
azris gamoTqma SeuZlebelia da sityvebic somxuridan<br />
miuRiaTo, maSin rodesac sul sxvas amboben evropielni<br />
mecnierni da maT ricxvSi TviT maTive sasiqadulo avtoriteti<br />
b. gateriasi, romlis azriT somxuri enis Seswavla<br />
ise ar moxerxdeba, Tu ar <strong>qarTuli</strong> enis wyalobiT da sa-<br />
SualobiTo?! netavi vin undaT, rom daajeron da Secdoma-<br />
Si Seiyvanon _ msoflio istoria Tu Cven? vTqvaT, dave-<br />
TanxmeT maT: aRar viwameT da aRar virwmuneT arc ucxo<br />
erebis istoriuli wyaroebi Cveni eris Sesaxeb, arc Cveni<br />
sakuTari qronikebi, arc gujrebi; yalbaT vicaniT Cveni<br />
pergamentebi, arxeologia, numizmaTika da sxvani, magram<br />
imas raRa vuyoT, rac axal Cvens Tvalsa-da-xels-Sua xdeba<br />
da rasac ase naTlad Cveni TvaliTa vxedavT?! guSindeli<br />
ambavi ar aris maTi Semoxizvna da Cven mier maT sapatronoT<br />
xelis gaSvera? Cvenma ukanasknelma mefeebma, isini<br />
Sig Suagul saqarTveloSi Semoxiznes da rogorc vaWarxalxs,<br />
omSi gamousadegars, qalaqebi Caabares. qarTveli<br />
xalxi-ki brZolis velze aTen-aRamebda. sanam Zlieri ru-<br />
74
seTi ar mieSvela da mteri ar CamoaSora! daRaluli, daqanculi<br />
da dawylulebuli qarTvelebi, Sin rom Semobrunden,<br />
ra dauxvdaT? is, rom maTi yofa-cxovreba, Semoxiznul<br />
da moZmeT miRebul vaWrebis xelSi iyo da bodiSis<br />
magieraT, pir-iqiT medidurad hyvirodnen: `vin xarT da<br />
saidan modixarTo? Tqven rodis yofilxarT aqo? es yovelTvis<br />
Cveni yofilao!~ dasamtkiceblaT qarTvelebisve<br />
taZreb-monastrebs miuTiTes, sadac <strong>qarTuli</strong> zed-warwera<br />
amoefxikaT da `daviT-bagratebis~ nacvlaT `arSak-mar-<br />
Sakebi~ CaeweraT!... Cven gvakvirvebs Secdoma da gul-ubryviloba<br />
Cveni mefeebisa da qarTveli xalxis, Tvara es<br />
sworeT asec unda momxdariyo, radganac brZola arsebobisaTvis<br />
msoflio kanonia da verc somxebi acdebodnen am<br />
kanons, miT ufro, rom Zveli anderZi xelSi eWiraT da misi<br />
gatexa ise ar SeeZloT, rogorc sakuTari rjulisa! ai, ra<br />
uanderZa maT saSviliSviloT maTma patriarxma abraamma<br />
`dvinis krebis~ dros _ 596 w. `Cven vbrZanebT, rom somxebma<br />
amis Semdeg ar iqonion qarTvelebTan araviTari kavSiri<br />
arc locvaSi, arc sma-WamaSi, arc megobrobaSi, arc Svilebis<br />
aRzrdaSi; ar gabedon mgzavroba salocavaT, rogora-<br />
Tac saxel-ganTqmuli mcxeTis jvarisa, agreTve manglisis<br />
jvarisa; ar miscen maT neba siarulisa Cvens eklesiebSi;<br />
eridnen imaTTan damokidebulobas col-qmrobisas. neba<br />
eZlevaT mxoloT aReb-micemobisa imaTTan, rogorc uriebTan.<br />
vinc am brZanebas uar-hyofs, wyeulimca ars igi suliT<br />
da xorciT da yovlis cxovrebiT!~ amis Semdeg Cven<br />
raRaT unda vecadoT somxebis sindisSi Cagdebas, rom<br />
msoflio kanons ewinaaRmdegon da rjuli gatexon? magram<br />
sruli neba ki gvaqvs, vusayveduroT im Seugnebel da cruliberal<br />
qarTvel inteligentebs, romelnic bans aZleven<br />
somxebs da gaiZaxian: `ibrZoleT Tqvenc mxolod im iara-<br />
RiT, romelsac isini xmarobeno!~ ra eTqmis im mwyemss, romelsac<br />
farexSi mglebi Secvenia da mis nacvlad, rom man<br />
kombali aiRos xelSi mosagerieblaT, mxolod iZaxis: `unda<br />
mec ise moviqce, rogorc isini iqceviano!. e. i. movica-<br />
75
do im dromdi, sanam Cem cxvrebsac ar amouvaT mglis kbilebi<br />
da sakbenaTac mgluraT ar aeSlebaT saRerRelio?!.~<br />
Cven ki, Cveni mxriT, ar SegviZlia, rom Tvalyuri ar<br />
vadevnoT ara Tu dRevandel maT moqmedebas CvenSi, TviT<br />
maT warsulsac. saWiroa, vicodeT: marTla eseni arian is<br />
Zveli haiastanis xalxi, romelsac arc Cven uarvyofT, Tu<br />
sxvebi Semoparulan maTi saxeliT? gavsinjavT, SevamowmebT<br />
maT istoriul pasports da misTvis aqve moviyvanT<br />
sityva-sityviT, SeucvlelaT erTi Cveni axalgazrda-qar-<br />
Tveli mecnieris azrs.<br />
`yvela axlandeli mecnierebi Tanaxma arian, rom bevraT<br />
adre Svidi aTasi wlebisa qristes dabadebamde, Suaaziis<br />
mTa-vakebis aremareSi moxda imnairi bunebiTi movlena,<br />
romelmac umTavresi nawili kacobriobisa am adgilebidan<br />
gaaxizna. am bunebiTi movlenas uZvelesi zepir-<br />
Tqmuloba uwodebs `warRvnas~ da amis mizezaT axlandeli<br />
mecnierebi sxva-da-sxva SemTxvevas xdian. erT amnair Sem-<br />
TxvevaT aRiareben deda-miwis CrdiloeTidan samxreTisaken<br />
Tan-da-Tan gagrilebas; meoreT _ imas amboben, rom<br />
istoriis dasabamis wina-droebSi wvimis Rrublebis mimdinareoba<br />
Tbili adgilebidan maRal da civ mxareebisaken<br />
Tanaswori ar iyovo da amiT zogierTi adgilebis wylebi<br />
Zalian unda gadidebuliyvnen da warRvna unda moexdina-<br />
To. sxva mecnierebi, varskvlavT-metyvelobiT angariSoben,<br />
rom im uZveles droSi deda-miwas unda datakeboda<br />
erTi didi kvimati anu mTeli kvimatT jgufi da kvimatis<br />
zRvaSi Cavardnas is zRva Ziramdis, 150 ejis sivrceze, unda<br />
gaeSros da wyali xmeleTze gadaesroloso~.<br />
`ra mizeziTac unda momxdariyo warRvna, mainc es namdvilia,<br />
rom TeTri modgmis erebi Sua-aziidan sxva-dasxva<br />
mxareebisken gaemgzavren da, erTi nawilis garda, romelic<br />
gadavida indoeTSi, yvela maTganma mimarTes dasavleTisken<br />
_ aziis wina-mxareSi da Semdeg dasavleT-CrdiloeTisaken<br />
_ evropaSiac~.<br />
76
`aziis wina mxareSi mecnierebas upirvelesaT mohyavs<br />
tom-naTesaoba, romels, Zveli aRTqmis mibaZviT, xamitquSitaT<br />
uwodeben. quSitebma gamoiares kaspiis da ormuzis<br />
(sparseTis yure) zRveb Sua da maTma umTavresma Stom<br />
miaRwia wilois mdinaris kideebamde, sadac samudamoT dabinavda<br />
da SeuerTda aqaur Savi modgmis erebs, romlebTan<br />
mas araferi naTesauri kavSiri ar hqonda, rogorc es daamtkica<br />
mecnierulma Seswavlam Semuruli gvamebis (mumiebi)<br />
uZveles egviptelTa. maTgan iyo damyarebuli Rirs-saxsovari<br />
Zveli egviptis yofa-cxovrebis warmateba da maTgan<br />
dRes darCenilan felaxni. xamit-quSitebsve gamosdia<br />
tom-naTesaobam, romelsac umravlesi nawili axlandel<br />
mecnierebTa uwodebs turanulaT, magram im mizezisa gamo,<br />
rom ufro mtkice da mecnieruli saxelwodeba jer ver<br />
mougoniaT. am gvar-tomobis `turanloba~ imaT ar aris<br />
dasajeri, rom misgan darCenili erebis enebi imdenaT ganirCevian<br />
turanlebis enebisagan, ramdenaTac sxva enebisagan<br />
fleqsiuri (mcvleli) modgmisa. garda amisa, uZvelesi<br />
kacobriobis Tqmulebani, magaliTad: moses wignebi<br />
da zendavesti, mowmoben, rom im droTa wyvdiadSi namdvili<br />
turanlebi ar gamoscilebian jionis mdinaris da kaspiis<br />
zRvis napirebs da wina-aziaSi Semosulan ugvianes yvela<br />
sxva did tom-gvarobisa, e.i. simitebisa da arielebisa~.<br />
am gancalkevebulma, xamitebis Semdeg, wina-aziaSi uZvelesma<br />
gvar-tomobam Semouara kaspiis zRvis samxreT-kideebs<br />
Tavisi nawiliT, mivida mcire aziaSi da iq dasaxlda.<br />
axlandeli mecniereba gvauwyebs, rom am tom-gvarobisa<br />
iyveno, sanamdis semitebi da arielebi ar Semoerien, midiel-araratielebi,<br />
mesxeb-mTabariani, seTebi, umravlesi<br />
mcire-aziis erebi da qaldevelni oriode qveynebisa, e.i.<br />
Savi zRvis (speriis) da SuamdinareTisa. am erebTa Soris<br />
yvelaze ufro Tval saCino iyven SuamdinareTelni qaldevelni,<br />
romelnic, evfratis da tigrosis mdinareebs Cahyven<br />
da maT bolo-kideebze iqauri xamitebiTurT upirvelesi<br />
kera kacobriobis swavla-warmatebisa aages. ra tom-<br />
77
naTesaobisa iyvnen es qaldevelni _ amaze didi davoba<br />
qondaT da axlac aqvs mecnierebs. pirvel-SexedulobiT,<br />
rasac asabuTebda gakvriT marto Seswavla lursmul warwerebisa,<br />
zogierTni, fiqrobden, rom es qaldevelni semitebis<br />
Tanametomeni iyveno, magram es azri bevrma ram mosazrebam<br />
gaacrua, da ufro iman, rom gamoCnda uZvelesi<br />
lursmul-warwerebi, romelnic ar iyo dawerilni semitur-enebze.<br />
amnairi warwerebi pirvelaT oppertma SeniSna<br />
da warmoTqva maTi enis `turanloba~. es mosazreba TiTqmis<br />
yvela mecnierebma miiRes da gansakuTrebiT lenormanma.<br />
magram am bolo dros misi mowafe babeloni amis<br />
winaaRmdegi Seiqmna. babelonis azriT, turanlebis erebis<br />
istoriiT cnobili Tviseba imnairi ar iyo, rom imaT daemyarebiaT<br />
rame swavla warmateba. am mosazrebidan da im<br />
garemoebidan, rom qaldevelebis da egviptel quSitebis<br />
swavla-warmatebis fesv-dasawyisi msgavsi arian, babeloni<br />
askvnis, rom isini Tanamogvare iyveno, rasac Zveli aR-<br />
Tqmis cnobebic mowmobeno. babelonis naTqvami im SemTxvevaSia<br />
dasajeri, Tu uZvelesi lursmuli da ieroglifiuri<br />
warwerebis enebi emsgavsebian erTmaneTs. saqme imaSia, rom<br />
es msgavseba ara Cans. xamituri da semituri enebi Tanamogvare<br />
enebi ariano, am enebis erT umkvidres Tvisebas Seadgenso:<br />
emfatiuri (aRtacebiTi) bgerebi, mtkiceT gansaz-<br />
Rvra mstvenav bgerebis da sxvac, rac oppertma SeniSna da<br />
riTac uZvelesi lursmul-warwerebis ena ganirCeva semitur<br />
enebisagan. maS, SuamdinareTel qaldevelebis vinaobaze<br />
mecnierebas jer ukanaskneli sityva ar warmouTqvams<br />
da ufro misaRebaT rCeba is mosazreba, rom isini iyvnen<br />
im tom-gvarobisa, romelmac wina-aziaSi xamitebs mosdia<br />
da romelic jer mecnierulaT dasaxelebuli ar aris,<br />
rogorc zemo-Tqmulia~.<br />
`ramodenime saukunoebiT wina-aziaSi xamitebisa da<br />
`gancalkevebul~ tom-gvarobisa Semdeg Semodian semitebi.<br />
isini mihyven TavianTi monaTesave xamitebis kvals da<br />
SuamdinareTelni qaldevelni daimonaves, roca am ukanas-<br />
78
knelebis mflobelni iwodeboden mZlavr vaSkacebaT, mefeebaT<br />
`urisa~ da mefeebaT `sumiris da akvadis~ (arqadis<br />
1 ) qveynebisa. Semdeg aq daarsden didi saxelmwifoebi<br />
babilonisa da asureTisa. sxva semitebis Stoebi daemkvidren:<br />
araneTis naxevarkunZuls (arabebi), palestinas (ebraelebi)<br />
da xmelTa-Sua-zRvis aRmosavleTis kideebs (finikielni<br />
da sxv). amnairaT `gancalkevebuli~ gvar-tomobis<br />
erebi iyvnen gandevnilni CrdiloeTiT mcire aziisaken _<br />
da mdinareebis evfratis da tigrosis saTaurebisaken~.<br />
`2500-2000 w.w.q. dabadebamde aziis winamxareSi Semodian<br />
ori gziT arielebi. isini arian Zveli midielebi da<br />
sparselebi, erTi mxriT, da meoreTi _ is arielebi, romelTac<br />
Sua aziidan samxreTi evropa gamoiares da balvanis<br />
naxevar-kunZulidan mcire-aziis dasavleT-napirebze<br />
gadaviden~.<br />
`am kacobriobis gadasaxleb-gadmosaxlebaSi SeuZlebeli<br />
iyo, rom ar mieqcia yuradReba, vinc ki gaiara, im mTaqedebisaTvis,<br />
romelnic tigrosis, evfratis, halisis da<br />
araqsis saTaureb Sua arian aburTebulni. esec advilaT<br />
warmosadgenia, rom samxreT vakeebze mcxovrebT, romel-<br />
Tac ki axsovdaT zepir-gadmocemiT warRvnis ambavi, es<br />
mTebi, rogorc ufro axlobeli, cnobili da gasaocari<br />
maTTvis, unda gaexadaT im navTsadguraT, romelSiac Seixizna<br />
kacobrioba, marTlac, ebraelTa noe anu babilonelTa<br />
izdubari (igive noe) mimarTavs Tavis kidobniT am<br />
mTa qedebis bolocomas, aq ikidebs fexs da aq iwyebs axal<br />
xanas kacobriobis istoriisas~.<br />
SuamdinareTiT CrdiloeTisaken es uzarmazari mTasimaRleebi<br />
semitur enebze iwodebian: `ararataT~, `uraradaT~,<br />
anu `urarataT~ (ara-simaRle, mTa da `ararat~ _<br />
simaRleT-simaRle, mTaTa-mTa 2 umwvervalesi qedi). mTian<br />
adgilis aRsaniSnavaT semitur enebs kidev sxva saxelwo-<br />
1 moses wigni. 11 T.muxl.10.<br />
2 uslari. uZvel.Tqmul. kavk. gver. 17-27.<br />
79
debac aqvT `armeni~ 1 , e.i. mTiuleTi. rodesac samocda aT-<br />
Ta mTargmnelTa gadmoiRes ebrael enidan Zveli aRTqmis<br />
wignebi, im dros zemoxsenebul saxelwodebaTagan ufro<br />
gavrcelebuli iyo ukanaskneli da, ai, mizezi, rom TargmanSi<br />
sityva `ararati~ yovelgan Secvlilia sityviT `armeni~.<br />
ara Tu semitur enebs, maT monaTesave xamit-quSitur<br />
enebsac mTian adgilis aRsaniSnavaT hqoniaT igive<br />
sityva `armen~, `arami~ anu `ramen~ 2 .<br />
`zemoTqmulidan xom cxadia, rom saxelwodeba `armeni~<br />
ar iyo vinmesi erovnuli (nacionaluri) saxelwodeba da<br />
ekuTvnoda, damoukideblad misi gvar-tomobisa, yovel<br />
ers, romelsac ki ucxovria am adgilebSi.<br />
`ra gvar-tomobis iyvnen am armeniis, mTiuleTis mkvidrni,<br />
sanamdis arielT tom-nawyvetebi ar Camosaxlden, amaze<br />
utyuars, metaT Zliers da maRal sabuTs warmoadgens<br />
Tviseba adgilobrivi lursmuli warwerebis enisa. pirvelni<br />
mkvidrni am miwa-wylebisa, romelsac `armenia~ ewodeba,<br />
raulinsonis da lenormanis, amisTana Tval-saCino<br />
mecnierebis, daskvniT, iyven imave tom-naTesaobisa, romelsac<br />
ekuTvnoda qarTvelT winaparT Tanamogvareoba,<br />
romelsac dabadeba 3 uwodebda. `TogormaT~ (qarTulaT _<br />
`Targam) da romelsac araviTari erToba ar hqonia arielT<br />
tom-nawyvetebTan~ 4 .<br />
`maS, am mTiuleTSi da sazogadoT mcire aziis aRmosavleT<br />
mxareSi ra droidan iwyeba arielebis Camosaxleba?<br />
amazedac dRemdis daculia utyuari cnoba. me —XII saukunidan<br />
merves bolomdis p. d-mde sazarelni asureTis da<br />
babilonis mflobelni ganuwyvetlaT ebrZvian 5 mesax-mTa-<br />
1<br />
lenormani. istor. uZvel. aRmosav. (1 gv. 1-81).<br />
2<br />
lenormani. asiriologiuri wer.!<br />
3<br />
dabadeba. Tav. X. muxl. 3.<br />
4<br />
lenormani. asiriologiuri wer. 1<br />
5<br />
fimlaT-falasaris (1120-1080 w.w.) da salmanasaris 860-825 w.w. warwerebi<br />
amboben: `orjel vsZlie mesxebs da imaT xuT mefeso...~ `Cemi mefobis 22 wels<br />
me 21 xel gavedi evfrats gaRma, Sevedi mTa-baris qveyanaSi da 24 mefes am<br />
qveynisas xarki davadeo~.<br />
80
arlebs da uradielebs, e. i. Targamoslebs, qarTvel winaparT<br />
Tanamogvareebs, rogorc zemoT Tqmulia. am xangrZlivma<br />
omianobam Targamoselni SesamCnevaT daasusta<br />
da ufrosi imaTi nawili amier-kavkasiisaken gaswia. merme<br />
midiel mefis qiaqsaris (634-685 1 ) gaZliereba imaT adgilebSi<br />
asaxlkarebs arielebs. am dros imaTve miwa-wylebSi<br />
dasavleTidan Semodis erTi eri, romelic, lenormanis da<br />
langluas mecnieruli daskvniT, 2 iyo ai axlandeli Cveni<br />
somxebis winaparT tomi, romlisac ena, Seuryeveli sabu-<br />
Tebis ZaliT, ekuTvniso arielT modgmis enebs da romelmac<br />
merme SeiTvisao armeniel TargamosielT saxelwodeba<br />
da dairCinao dRemdis ucxoelT mwerlobaSi. armeniaSi<br />
(igive mTiuleTSi) axlandeli somxebis winaparT Semoparva<br />
midielT da sparselebis mZlavrobis dros (634-490<br />
w.w.q. d-mde) ise CumaT moxda, rom istorias TiTqmis ver<br />
SeuniSnavs da mxoloT darios (521-490) mefis erTi warweridan<br />
gaigeba imaTi am dros evfratis dasavleT saTauris<br />
xeobaSi dabanakeba. saocari es aris, rom SemdegSiac amnairi<br />
gadacocv-gadmococva da SeTviseba ucxo erT saxelwodebisa<br />
Seiqmna mTeli imaTi istoriis miznaT da erovnul<br />
(nacionalur) xasiaTad~.<br />
`amnairive istoria aqvT sityvebs `somxeTs~ da `haistans~.<br />
ar moipoveba cnoba imaze ra saxelwodebas xmarobden<br />
armeniis aRsaniSnavaT qarTvelT winaparT Tanamogvareni,<br />
roca isini iq cxovrobdnen. SesaZlebelia, rom imave<br />
armeniaT anu ramenaT uwodebden da es saxelwodeba imaT<br />
miiRes xamitebidan, romlebic imaT wineT Semoviden winaaziaSi.<br />
es ki ueWvelia, rom amier-kavkasiisagan wamoweul<br />
erebisaTvis `armenia~ mTiuleTi ki aRar iyo, aramed iyo<br />
samxreTiT qveyana, SemoklebiT `samxriTi~, `somxiTi~, e. i.<br />
somxeTi. ukeTesi damamtkicebeli amis is garemoebaa, rom<br />
1 qiaqsari `qarTl-cxovrebis~ spandiat-rvali unda iyos (?).<br />
2 naxeT-lenormanis `asiriolog. wer. 1 da langluas `armen. istoriuli<br />
Txzulebebis krebuli~, 22. 1 langlua xom didaT pativs scemda somxebis<br />
istoriul Txzulebebs, magram am SemTxvevas uars ver hyofs.<br />
81
es saxelwodeba mxoloT qarTulma da imis axlandel Tanamogvare<br />
enebma ician. uZvelesi Tqmuleba `qarTliscxovrebisa~,<br />
romelic Seadgens matianeTa krebuls, iwyeba<br />
metaT TvalsaCino cnobebiT. _ pirvelaT is vaxsenoT,<br />
rom 1 somexTa da qarTvelTa, ranTa da movaknelTa, herTa<br />
da lekTa, megrelTa da kavkasianTa, amaT yovelTa erTi<br />
iyo mama saxelaT Targam (bibliis-Togorm) da somexTa<br />
mama, Targamis ufrosi Ze _ haos (igive hai, gaiki) yovelTa<br />
umetesi gmiri iyovo~.<br />
`am sityvebze zogierTebi afuZneben im mosazrebas,<br />
rom `qarTlis cxovreba~ Sedarebis axlo drois daweriliao<br />
da dawerilia usaTuod umecari somxisagano. umecroba<br />
mwerals imiT etyobao, rom erTmaneTTan anaTesavebs<br />
imisTana erebs, romlebsac araviTari naTesauri kavSiri<br />
ara aqvT, magaliTad, _ somxebs, qarTvelebs, da lekebs.<br />
mwerlis somxoba imiTic-ki gaigebao, rom somxebs aniWebs<br />
upirvelesobas. samwuxaroT amisTana mecnierebisa, es<br />
Tqmuloba <strong>qarTuli</strong> matianeebisa rom ar eTanxmeba imaT<br />
istorias, aramed gasaocraT eTanxmeba axlandel evropielT<br />
mecnierebis gamokvlevas. `vin ar iciso, ambobs mecnieri<br />
sen-marteni, rom zepir-TqmulobaSi, yoveli eris<br />
istoriis dasawyisSi, sityvebi, `mama~, `Ze~, da amnairi sxva<br />
moaswaveben erovnul Stoebs da miwa-adgilebis nawilebso~.<br />
maS, `qarTlis cxovreba~ imaSia Semcdari, rom megrelni<br />
da kavkasianni (svanebi) qarTvelebis Tanamogvare<br />
arian? anu her-kaxelebis da lekebis (kaxeTis mTiulebis)<br />
naTesauri kavSiri qarTvelebTan sicruea, roca axlandeli<br />
lekebis winaprebi imave matianeSi ori furcliT (gver.<br />
21,22 da 23) kaxeTis lekebis Semdeg ixsenebian? egeb is iyos<br />
baqi, rom `ranTa da movaknelTa~ (Zveli hilipni anu albanelni)<br />
da qarTvelebTa mama erTi iyo, roca taciti mowmobs,<br />
rom imis dros es erebi erT-STamomavlobas<br />
aRiarebdeno?~<br />
1 aq mkiTxvelma unda miaqcios yuradReba mniSvnelobas kavSirisa `da~.<br />
82
`rac Seexeba matianes cnobas qarTvelebis da somxebis<br />
TananaTesaobaze da ra somxebzea aq laparaki, amas didi<br />
gamWriaxoba ar unda da advili misaxvedria, Tu gaixsenebT<br />
zemoxsenebul vinaobas uZvelesi mcxovreblebisa somxi-<br />
Tis anu armeniisas. egeb ikiTxavT, ranairaT saxelwodeba<br />
`somxoba~, romelic ekuTvnoda qarTvelT winaparT Tanamogvare<br />
ers, Semdeg sul sxva tom-naTesaobis xalxs mieTvisa<br />
da dRemdis SerCa? aq gasaocari ar aris ra, da istoriam<br />
bevri imisTana SemTxveva icis. ai, sityva `rumi~,<br />
`urumi~. yvelas kargaT mogexsenebaT, rom am saxeliT uwodebden<br />
romaelT samflobelos wina-aziis dasavleT mxareSi.<br />
romis imperiis oraT gayofis Semdeg es saxelwodeba<br />
vizantias mieTvisa, merme seljukebis imave adgilebis<br />
sasultnoebs, bolos da dRemdis — osmalebis Turqobas~.<br />
`aqamdic unda iyos mkiTxveli mimxvdari, rom `haistnobac~<br />
anu `gaikanoba~, igive `haosianoba~ ar aris erovnuli<br />
saxelwodeba ariel somxebisa, e.i. axlandel somexT<br />
uZveles mama-papebisa, radganac imaT ara rigaT ar ekuTvnis<br />
`Togormianoba~, romelidan STamomavlobs `haosianoba~.<br />
bibliis mowmobiT, 1 Togormis erebi ukve dabinavebuli<br />
arian somxeT-armeniaSi me-VI-dan me-VII saukunemdi<br />
q.d. wineT, e. i. im dromdi, sanamdis, ariel-somxebi Semovidodnen.<br />
axlandel somexT winaparni, romelnic mudmivi<br />
gadacocv-gadmococvis gzas adgen, rasakvirvelia, Tavis<br />
sakuTar erovnul Tqmulobas ver inaxavden da miiTvisebden<br />
im adgilebisas, sadac ramdensame xans SeCerdebodnen.<br />
Tu vinme mecnieris sityva dasajeria Sesaxeb istoriisa<br />
uwindel somexT-armeniisa, raodenTac es istoria aRmoikiTxvis<br />
alagobriv da asurel lursmul warweraTa Soris,<br />
maSin yvelaze ufro unda davujeroT penni s, romlis<br />
vinaoba yvelas mogexsenebaT da romelic gardawyvetilad<br />
ambobs, rom axlandel somexT winaparni somxeT-armeniaSi<br />
dasavliT Semovidnen, nel-nela iq dasaxl-karden da<br />
1 dabadeba, T.X, mux. 3. da xevieli, T. T. XXVII, da XXXVIII, mux. 24 da 6.<br />
83
SeiTvises iqaur macxrvreblebis saxeli, sarwmunoeba da<br />
zepir gadmocemanio~. 1<br />
`amnairaT, axlandel somxebs srulebiT ar abadiaT<br />
araviTari erovnuli saxel-wodeba da arc hqonebiaT saku-<br />
Tari erovnuli istoria, sanamdis imaTi eklesia marTlmadideblobis<br />
eklesias ar moSorda. uZaeles imaT istoriaze<br />
laparaki xom uqmi iqneba, da is istoria, romelsac<br />
mogviTxroben imaTi istorikosebi me-VII saukunidan q. d.<br />
wineT, me-VI Semdeg warmoadgens imisTana zRaprul ram ambavs,<br />
rom msoflio istoria, rasakvirvelia, srulebiT ar<br />
eTanxmeba. maTi didebuli `haistanis~ magier msoflio istorias<br />
q.d. wineT me VII da IV saukuneeb Sua gviCvenebs damonavebul<br />
midiel-sparselebisagan somexT-armenias, sadac<br />
cxovroben sxva-da-sxva tom-gvarobis erebi da sadac<br />
axlandel somexT mama-papebs ukaviaT mxoloT erTaderTi<br />
evfratis saTauris xeoba~. 2<br />
me-IV saukuneSi aleqsandre makedoneli (327-323) q.d.<br />
wineT) ipyrobs somxeT-armenias, rogorc erT nawils sparseTis<br />
saxelmwifoisas. misi sikvdilis Semdeg 193 wlamdis<br />
armeniis miwa-wylebs epatronebian imisi laSqarT-mweebis<br />
STamomavlobisa _ antioqeli berZnebi. strabonis<br />
mowmobiT, iqamdes mcire somxeT-armeniis sazRvrebi gaavrceleso<br />
orma antioq didis laSqarT-mweebma, gvar-tomobiT<br />
berZnebma artaqsiasma da zariadresma, romlebic<br />
Cvens somxebis istorikosebs Tavis erovnul mefeebaT miaCniaT<br />
da ra mizeziT, imaT garda aravin ar icis! am dros<br />
marto Cveulebrivi siCumiT da nel-nela unda gadmoebijaT<br />
Cvens somxebs araqsis marcxena kideebze. antioqeli<br />
berZnebis Semdeg ara Tu somxeT-armenias, _ sparseTsac<br />
da mTel aRmosavleTs daebatonen sul ucxo tom-naTesaobis<br />
sazarelni parfielebi. erTi Sto am parfielebisa,<br />
romelsac q. d.w. asoTxmoc-da-cameti wlidan 150-mde q.d.<br />
1 lenormani. asiriol. wer. 1.<br />
2 naxe herodotis (480-426) da qsenofontis cnobebi ganis 1 wign. 15-22 da 26-<br />
33 gver.<br />
84
Semdeg epyra aRmosavleTis nawili somxeT-armeniisa, Cvenma<br />
somxebis istorikosebma kidev TaviseburaT gadaagvares.<br />
rac Seexeba dasavleTis nawils, is q.d.w. samocda meore<br />
sxva adgilebs moglejili hqonda da ekuTvnoda romaelebis<br />
imperias. q. dabadebis Semdeg, 250 wlebidan, sparseTi<br />
xel-meoreT Zlierdeba da am Zlierebis dros da ara<br />
Tu somxeT-armeniis TviT-arsebobas ara aqvs adgili, aramed<br />
sparseTisagan daCagvras ufro moSorebuli da Zlieri<br />
erebi Zlivs gadaurCebian, magram Cveni somxebis istorikosebi<br />
mainc ar iSlian RaRadebas imaTi eris didebaze.<br />
am saganze, ukeTesi mcodne imaTi istoriisa, sen-marteni<br />
ambobs. ucxo-tomT meistorieni srulebiT ar uCveneben<br />
somxebis istorikosebidan moxsenebul SemTxvevaTa da<br />
arc aris safiqrebeli, rom imaT ara eTqvaT ra, Tu es WeSmariteba<br />
yofiliyo. yovelive sicruiT savse Zlevamosili<br />
moRvaweoba gamougoniaT romelTame somxeTis meistorikoseTa<br />
Tavis eris cru-siyvarulis grZnobis dasakmayofileblaT.<br />
1 xel-meoreT gaZlierebuli sparseTis mflobelni<br />
iyvnen sasinidebi xosroelebi. igini metaT gulmxurvaleT<br />
aRiarebden cecxl-msaxurebas da iaraRiT<br />
xelSi es aRsareba gaavrceles mTel sparseTSi, somxeTarmeniaSi<br />
da mcire-aziisa da saqarTvelos aRmosavleTis<br />
nawilebSic. imave adgilebSi da imave dros meore mxriT<br />
SemoaqvT qristianoba. wmidaman grigolma, somxebis istorikosebis<br />
TqmiT, rasakvirvelia, imaTma Tanamogvarem da<br />
CveniT parfielTaganma, gaaqristiana kargi nawili somxeT-armeniisa<br />
da amier-kavkasiisac. TiTqmis ori saukune<br />
es qristianebi, damoukideblaT imaTi gvar-tomobisa,<br />
arafriT ar ganirCeoden sxva marTl-madideblebisagan.<br />
magram SeuZlebeli iyo, rom imisTana mZlavr xelmwifeebs,<br />
rogoric sasanidebi iyvnen, romelTac SeZles didi romis<br />
imperatoris valeriis datyveveba, moeTminaT da mieSvaT<br />
imaTi sabrZanebel qveynebSi sxva aRsareba, garda imaTgan<br />
1 baqraZe. vaxuSt. ist. gver. 33, SeniS.1.<br />
85
gul-mxurvaleT Seyvarebuli cecxlis-msaxurobisa. mar-<br />
Tlac, sastiki devnis Semdeg, 300-400 wlebs Sua, mefem<br />
hxosro farvizma (ferozma) Tavis qveSevrdom qristianebs<br />
gamoucxada: `agyri Tqveni miwa-adgilebidan, Tu berZnebis<br />
sarwmunoebas ar uar-yofTo~. roca SeSinebuli somexTarmeniis<br />
qristianebi daTanxmden, maSin sparseTis mefem<br />
Semogzavna siriidan moqadageni iakobiTni da imaT gaavrceles<br />
Tavis aRsareba. amave dros (me-V sauk.) emCneva,<br />
rom araqsis SuaxeobaSi axlandeli somxebis ena ufro gavrcelebulia,<br />
vidre sxva alagobrivi enebi da kidevac am<br />
droidan am somxur enaze ikidebs fexs somxuri mwerloba.<br />
ai, mxoloT amis Semdeg axlandel somxebs Tavis sakuTari<br />
istoria ebedebaT da esec-istoria marto saeklesio, radganac<br />
imaT sxva istorias dRemdis adgili aRar hqonda ucxo-tomTagan<br />
damonavebisa gamo: sparselebisa 639 wlamdi,<br />
arabebi _ 1040 w. seljukebis _ 1121 w., qarTvelebis _<br />
1225 w. jeleleddinis _ 1238 w. da merme mongolebisa,<br />
Temur-langisa, xel-mesameT sparselebisa, osmalo-Turqebisa<br />
da axlandeli Zleva-mosili ruseTis imperiisa~.<br />
86<br />
1898
profesor marris sapasuxoT<br />
Turqebi rom konstintinepols Semoadgnen da bizantias<br />
amxobden, im dros berZnebis swavlul-mecnierebi, or<br />
sxva da sxva gundaT dayofili, dogmaturi baasiT iyvnen<br />
gatacebuli da erTmaneTs akvirdeboden. agreTve, romaelebma<br />
rom sirakuzi aiRes da im drois gamoCenil mecnier<br />
maTematikoss arqimedsac saxlSi SeeWren, is, fanatikos-mecnieri,<br />
iatakze iyo gaSxlarTuli, win sila eyara,<br />
zed raRac samecniero figurebi gamohyavda da mtrebs<br />
arxeinaT eubneboda: `xazi ar SemiSaloTo!~ arc misi sam-<br />
Soblos aoxreba da arc TviT misive sikvdili im dros fiqradac<br />
ar mosvlia! am gvari axirebuloba sazogadod<br />
sWirT mecnierebs. xSiraT romelime mecnieri arxeologistorikosi,<br />
sadme miyruebul oTaxSi Camjdari, sadac<br />
Zveli tyavebis gasinjvis dros mtversa hylapavs da obobas<br />
qselebSi exveva, mTeli dRe imas ikvlevs, Tu rodis<br />
daibada esa Tu is istoriuli pirio? an da maSin Rame iyo<br />
Tu dRe? da Tu Rame iyo, mTvariani Tu umTvaro? da imav<br />
dros is ki aRar icis, gareT dRea Tu Rame, daria Tu avdari?<br />
am gvari ram Sehyria Cvens axalgazrda mecniers,<br />
somxuri enis profesors _ b-n marrsac da amitomac gamosula<br />
somxebsa da qarTvelebs Sua dRevandel msajulaT,<br />
anu, ufro namdvili rom vTqvaT, mosarCleT. didaT gul<br />
dawyvetili da ufro metaT mrisxane, mTeli misi, rogorc<br />
samecniero, ise saadvokato bargiT mogvadga karze moulodnelaT<br />
da masTanac kidev ucxo gziT! rasakvirvelia,<br />
mis samecniero bargxanas uyuradReboT ar davagdebT SemdegSi<br />
da axla ki xelT marto saadvokatos mivmarTavT. mizezi<br />
misi aRSfoTebisa da amxedrebis Cvens `krebulSi~<br />
somxebis sapasuxoT dabeWdili statia gamodga. ukvirs da<br />
gvisayvedurebs mis avtorobas! cdilobs iq aRniSnuli sabuTebis<br />
darRvevas da WeSmaritebis aRdgenas. keTili da<br />
patiosani. amas raRa ejobineba, magram vai, rom mis sabuTs,<br />
garda survilisa, sarCulaT ara udevs ra! mxoloT<br />
87
carieli sapirea, naZaladevaT gadaWimuli da ver ras<br />
gvimtkicebs, rom dagviTanxmos! Cveni statiis deda azri<br />
iyo _ dagvemtkicebia, rom somxebi iq eZeben, sadac ara<br />
dahkargviaT, ra; is undaT daisakuTron, rac maT arasodes<br />
ara hqoniaT! es arc axali movlenaa maTi mxriT. Zvela-<br />
Tac, im TaviTve ase Cadioden: aukuRmarTebden TviT istoriasac<br />
ki, ase rom maTi istoriuli wyaroebi qarTvelebisa<br />
da saqarTvelos Sesaxeb sarwmuno ar arian. am azris<br />
damastkiceblaT samagaliTod, sxvaTa Soris, is faqtic<br />
movitaneT, rom maTma istoriam qarTvelTa mefe — taoseli<br />
daviT kurat-palati, zemo qarTlis mpyrobeli, miisakuTra<br />
da, rogorc TviT is, ise misi samflobeloc sasomxeToT<br />
aRiara. dResac kidev mTlad saqarTvelo sasomxe-<br />
ToT aqvT naCvenebi da cdiloben yvelgan, sadac ki xeli<br />
miuwvdebaT, qarTvelobis niSan-wyali mospon, <strong>qarTuli</strong><br />
kvalic ki moSalon da zed Tavisi dasdvan winaaRmdeg yovel-gvari<br />
simarTlisa!.. da amitomac Cveni mxriT maTdami<br />
Zmoba-siyvaruls yuradRebasac ar aqceven da maTi mtroba<br />
da gautanloba Cvendami Zveli droidanve momdinareobs.<br />
amas vamtkicebdiT Cven. es swyenia b-n marris da cdilobs<br />
es azri daarRvios da rwmena gagviqarwylos. vnaxoT! rac<br />
Seexeba mis pirad grZnobas da usabuTo msjelobas an somxebisa<br />
da an qarTvelebis Sesaxeb imas Cven did yuradRebas<br />
ar mivaqcevT. naTqvamia: `kacia da gunebao~, magram im sabuTebs-ki<br />
romlebsac is epotineba, avwon-gavzomavT da<br />
SevumowmebT.<br />
1) `uZveles droidanve somxebs didi gavlena hqondaT<br />
qarTvelebze da saRmrTo werilic qarTvelebma somxebisagan<br />
miiReso, dabadebac maTgan uTargmniaT da mwerlobac<br />
maTi mowyalebaao~ da sxvani _ brZanebs b-ni marri,<br />
naTqvamia: `uria RmerTs nu ficulob da ara RmerTmanio~<br />
_ amisi ara iyos, Cven uarsa vhyofT somxur wyaroebs da<br />
is kidev iqiTken gviTiTebs! magram Cveni mwerlobis Sesaxeb<br />
ucxoelebis mowmoba ra saWiroa? Cven TviTon ukeT ar<br />
unda vicodeT?<br />
88
Cvena gvaqvs: erTi aTonis dabadeba, mTawmindelebis<br />
naTargmni, da meorec vaxtangisagan slovianurTan Sesworebuli.<br />
amaT garda gvqonia kidev nawyvet-nawyvetebi dabadebisa,<br />
sariulidan naTargmni, magram gana sarielebi<br />
somxebi iyvnen? Tu ufali c erTad dRevandel somxis<br />
patriotebTan am azrze dgas, rom, radganac, aisorebi anu<br />
kruebi dRes grigorianelebi arian, gvar-tomobiTac<br />
somxebaT unda CaiTvalono da Tu ara dRes, ZveliTac-ki<br />
e.i. maSinac-ki, rodesac sul sxva sjuli sWeriaTo _ kargi<br />
vaWrobaa!.. vin ar icis, rom Cveni sasuliero literatura<br />
mdidaria da originals garda, raca gvaqvs naTargmni,<br />
is sul berZnulidan gvaqvs da ramodenimec slovianuridan<br />
anton kaTalikosis meoxebiT. somxuridan-ki ara mogveZeveba<br />
ra, garda erTi `mxitaris ritorebisa~, romlis<br />
arseboba arc-ki ician CvenSi. aba erTi gviCvenos b-nma<br />
marrma, ra wignebi gviTargmnia somxuridan? sanam amas ar<br />
aasrulebs, Cvenc sruli ufleba gveqneba vTqvaT, rom b-n<br />
marrs somxur enasa da istoriasTan erTad maTi xasiaTic<br />
SeuTvisebia, e.i. sxvisas SeupovraT, usabuTod isakuTrebs<br />
da Cveniao _ brZanebs.<br />
2) somxebisagan Cveni siZulvilis sabuTad movitaneT<br />
Cven Cvens statiaSi `dvinis krebis ganCineba 596 w., romli-<br />
Tac somxebs ekrZalebodaT yovel gvari damokidebuloba<br />
qarTvelebTan, garda mtrulisa, da Tanve urCevda: ise<br />
mopyrobodnen qarTvelebs somxebi, rogorc uriebs. ai<br />
TviT istoriaSi moxsenebuli mecxre saukunis gasuls:<br />
`qarTvelebze Cven vbZaneT _ ambobs somxis kaTalikosi<br />
abraami, _ rom somxebma amas Semdeg ar iqonion imaTTan<br />
araviTari kavSiri arc locvaSi, arc sma-WamaSi, arc megobrobaSi,<br />
arc Svilebis aRzrdaSi; ar gabedon mgzavroba<br />
salocavad, rogoraTac saxelganTqmuli mcxeTis jvarisa,<br />
agreTve manglisis jvarisa: ar miscen maT neba siarulisa<br />
Cvens eklesiebSi; eridnen imaTTan damokidebulobas<br />
col-qmrobisas. neba eZlevaT mxolod aReb-micemobisa<br />
imaTTan, rogorc uriebTan. vinc am brZanebas uarhyofs,<br />
89
wyeulimca ars igi suliT da xorciT da yovlis cxovrebiT~.<br />
ai, am cxadi sabuTis dasarRvevaT ambobs batoni<br />
marri, rom es ganCineba-ki ar iyo krebisao, abram patriarqis<br />
saero epistole iyoo. mere da es kidev uaresi ar aris?<br />
ganCineba SeiZleboda sisruleSi ar moeyvanaT rogorme da<br />
patriarqis epistole mTeli erisadmi ki savaldebulo<br />
gamxdara. es kargaT esmis b-n marrsac da, mets rom ve-<br />
Raras axerxebs, mere is axirebuli daskvna gamohyavs, rom<br />
`maSindeli somxoba rodi miaqcevda yuradRebas magas da<br />
eg faqti umniSvneloT darCebodao~. raTao netav? Tu im<br />
pirvel saukunoebSi, rodesac sarwmunoebrivi fanatikosoba<br />
umaRles wertilamde iyo moqceuli, ar miaqcevdnen<br />
yuradRebas krebis ganaCens da arc Tavis patriarqs daujerebden,<br />
maS rodisRa? es gana warmosadgenia da dasajerebeli?<br />
amas sabuTi eWirveba da, sxva rom veRara<br />
uSovnia ra, b-n T. Jordanias eWideba: `albaT baqraZis wignidan<br />
icis akakim es ambavi da Jordanias qronikebi ar waukiTxavs,<br />
sadac is amowmebs, rom am ganCinebas da epistoles<br />
mniSvneloba ar unda hqondeso`. Tumca am SemTxvevaSi,<br />
rogorc TviT marris, ise T. Jordanias `mgoniaoba~ sabu-<br />
Ti ar aris, magram mainc vnaxoT ras wers, mowmed moyvanili<br />
b-ni Jordania. `marTalia, dvinis krebaze 596 w. dadgenili<br />
iyo: yoveli kavSiri moispos qarTvelebTan, garda<br />
aReb-micemobis kavSirisa, magram am ganCinebisaTvis yuradReba<br />
albaT aravis miuqcevia, rom amazed arseni aras<br />
ambobso~. ai, ras hfiqrobs dRes b.Jordania, magram am gvari<br />
usafuZvlo mosazreba, TviT marris mosazrebisa ar<br />
iyos, sakmao sabuTia? marTalia, arseni arc, `hos~ ambobs<br />
amis Sesaxeb da arc `aras~, magram gana uTuod unda eTqva?<br />
ramdenic viciT, arc b-n marrs da arc b-n Jordanias ar<br />
uTqvamT ra zecieri mTiebis Sesaxeb. ramdenime saukunis<br />
Semdeg erTma vinme axirebulma mecnierma rom daijinos:<br />
mecxramete saukunis bolos arc mze yofila, arc mTvare<br />
da arc varskvlavebio da sabuTad is moitanos, rom<br />
marrisa da Jordanias ar uTqvamT rao _ es misi mosazreba<br />
90
Sesawynarebeli iqneba?! asea sworeT am zemoxsenebuli<br />
arsenis saqmec. `es ganCineba dRes ise miviwyebuli da mimalulia,<br />
rom Tu ara bibliografebma, sxvam aRaravin iciso~<br />
_ daamatebs b-ni marri Tavis mxriT. SeiZleba, rom iq,<br />
sadac qarTvelebi ar arian, sadme sasomxeToSi es ganCineba,<br />
rogorc gamousadegari ram, aRaravis axsovdes da an ki<br />
raT unda axsovdes? magram erTi aqac moikiTxos, saqar-<br />
TveloSi, b-nma marrma: icis Tu ara es sabuTi aqaurma<br />
somxis samRvdeloebam da mrevlis damwyvsis dros xelm-<br />
ZRvanelobs miTi Tu ara? didi pativis mcemeli varT b-ni<br />
marris, magram dajerebiT-ki ufro Cvens Tvalsa da yurs<br />
vujeriT, vidre marris da Jordanias `mgoniaobas~, miT<br />
umetes, rom Cven dRevandel dResTan gvaqvs saqme da ara<br />
gardasul saukunoebTan, romelTac sxvaTa Soris vixseniebT.<br />
b-n marri TviTonac hgrZnobs mis mier moyvanil faqtebis<br />
sisustes da, rom veRar arRvevs Cvengan moyvanil<br />
faqts, mere kidev sxva gzas adgeba. `marTalia, rom ganCineba<br />
dvinis krebisaa da abraam patriarqis epistolec<br />
iyoo, magram maggvari ram gana qarTvels-ki ar Caudeniao?~<br />
da uTiTebs erT misTana rameze, romlis gamoTqmac<br />
viTom kidec eZneleba da ercxvineba! rom mkiTxvels mar-<br />
Tla ucnauri ara egonos-ra, imas, rasac mecnieris umankoeba<br />
ver imeorebs, Cveni poeturi Tavxedoba gamoaaSkaravebs.<br />
ai, ra iyo, is saidumlo: erTi zRapruli legendaa,<br />
romelic gakvriT istoriasac mouxsenebia, magram saxalxoT-ki<br />
bevrs arc ki gaugonia, rom erTxel qarTvelebisa<br />
da somxebis samRvdeloebas baasi hqondaT: visi sarwmunoeba<br />
ukeTesiao _ somxebis Tu qarTvelebisao? rom veRar<br />
morigden, miiyvanes mSieri ZaRli da mis win dadves ori<br />
sebiskveri: erTi qarTvelebis da meore somxebis. ZaRlma<br />
ver mibeda qarTvelebisas da somxebis ki Casanslao. ai es<br />
gaxlavT is ucnauri ambavi, romelsac b-ni marri igonebs.<br />
magram aq ra aris saerTo am zRaprul oxunjobisa da istoriuli<br />
faqtebis Soris? sad legenda, romelic bevrs<br />
arc ki gaugonia da sad mTeli krebis ganCineba da patri-<br />
91
arqis epistole? aba gviCvenos erTi ram misTana b-nma<br />
marrma, rom an qarTvel ers, an mis sasuliero wodebas<br />
sadme daedginos samtro ram? piriqiT utyuari da sarwmuno<br />
faqtebi amtkiceben, rom qarTvelebs maTi sarwmunoebisa<br />
da erovnebis dasacvelaT bevrjel gareT sisxli<br />
dauTxeviaT da SigniT-ki mza-mzareulaT Tavisi sakuTari<br />
taZrebi da samlocveloebi dauTmia somxebisaTvis. nu Tu<br />
eseebi-ki aviwydeba b-n marrs?<br />
3) `cameti weliwadia, rac me somxurs vkiTxulob, aTic<br />
Sesrulda, rac mecnierulad vikvlev da jer arsad Sevxvedrivar,<br />
rom somxebis mwerlebs uar eyos da simarTliT<br />
ar moexseniebios qarTvelebio~ _ ambobs b-ni marri. mar-<br />
Tla, xan-da-xan zogierTi somxis mwerlebic iZulebuli<br />
arian xolme, rom qarTvelebi simarTliT moixsenion, magram<br />
maTi umetesoba-ki ganZrax amaxinjebs yovelifers<br />
qarTvelebis Sesaxeb da, Tu ki moaxerxa, uarsaca hyofs.<br />
sakvirvelia, amdeni xnis ganmavlobaSi, raT sul im mcire<br />
mokeTeebsa xvdeba b-ni marri da im meore umetesobis gundisas-ki<br />
veravis?! marTalia, didi survili aqvs xeli daafaros,<br />
magram TviTonac grZnobs amis mouxerxeblobas<br />
da, zemo moyvanil faqtebisa ar iyos, jer sul uarze dgeba,<br />
`arao~ _ iZaxis, mere rbilaT `hozedac~ gadadis da ambobs:<br />
`marTalia xan-da-xan somxis mwerlebi ase ara sweren,<br />
rogorc qarTvelebio: saRebavs asqeleben da fers ucvliano<br />
(e.i. SavaT), magram imaT meti ar moeTxovebaT da es<br />
kritikam unda gaarCioso~. ho, da, Cvenc amas mogaxsenebT,<br />
rom xSiraT saRebavs asqeleben, fersac ucvlian da sxvani.<br />
maS viRas esarCleba da raRaze b-ni marri?!<br />
enis Sesaxebac, rom viTomc ena imaT moeces CvenTvis,<br />
arsad ara Tqmula rao, _ amtkicebs marri, mxolod erTi<br />
somxuri wyaro (rac <strong>qarTuli</strong>dan naTargmnia)) ki ambobs,<br />
rom adre qarTvelebis enac somxuri iyoo. kidec eg gaxlavT<br />
damaxinjeba. qarTul dedanSi sweria: `yovelTvis<br />
qarTulad laparakobdeno~ da somxebs ki gadaukeTebia:<br />
`somxurado~ da marrsac sjera!<br />
92
4) yvelaze ufro is awuxebs b-n marrs, rom Cvens werilebSi<br />
mowiwebiT ver movixsenieT misi sasiqadulo moZRvari<br />
profesori patkanovi da viTom cilic SevwameT. b-n<br />
patkanovma erT Taviss TxzulebaSi gadaWriT brZana, rom<br />
qarTvelebs istoria ar hqoniaT da me-XVIII saukuneSi, mefe<br />
vaxtangma SeTxza da esec somxuri zRapridan, romelic<br />
erTma umecarma berma daswera meTerTmete saukuneSio.<br />
amaze gansvenebulma d. baqraZem Rirseuli pasuxi misca da<br />
miuTiTa ueWvel safuZvelze Tavis wignakiT: `profesori<br />
patkanovi da <strong>qarTuli</strong> istoriuli wyaroebi~. am naTelma<br />
saqmem dagvanaxa Cven, rom patkanovs an umecrebiT mosvlia<br />
es cxadi da saTvalTvalo Secdoma an da gangeb Caudenia.<br />
or cecxl Sua gamomwyvdeulma profesorma patkanovma<br />
Caylapa d.baqraZis SeniSvnebi da gaCumda. magram<br />
marri ki ar dumdeba da mainc kidev gaiZaxis: arao! arc er-<br />
Ti da arc meoreo! is sxvebsaviT patriotul meTodiT ar<br />
swerdao, radganac is mxolod sarwmunoebiT iyo somexi,<br />
Torem rusis mecnieri iyoo da misma gamokvlevam mainc<br />
naTeli mohfina istoriaso da sxvani. erTi is, rom sicrue<br />
verafers mohfens naTels da meore kidev isic, rom gagvigia,<br />
risTvis brZanebs b-ni marri patkanovze, rom rusis<br />
mecnieri iyoo? agrec rom iyos, gana rusis mecnierebi ki<br />
ar scdebian da miudgomeli arian? patkanovma somxebis<br />
sasiqadulo istorikosi _ mose xorenelic ar dazoga da<br />
eWvis TvaliT Sexedao _ ambobs marri. marTalia, magram<br />
es maSin ineba mxoloT, rodesac sxvebma, gareSeebma, miuTiTes<br />
da sul gadaTqma imasac aRar SeeZlo. kaci rom mis<br />
damnaSaobaze iZulebiT gamotydes da sxvisas ki usamar-<br />
TloT azviadebdes da cils swamebdes, gana amas miudgomloba<br />
eTqmis? bevrs amisTanebs brZanebs b-ni marri, rogorc<br />
mosarCele misi moZRvris b-ni patkanovis da, sxva<br />
sabuTi rom aRara aqvs ra _ ambobs: `1858 w. TviT<br />
baqraZemac aki eWvi Semoitana qarTlis cxovrebis siZvelis<br />
sinamdvilezeo?~ baqraZes eWvi arasodes ar Semoutania.<br />
is mxolod Cioda, rom istoriuli wyaroebi dakargu-<br />
93
la da sakmao sabuTi Cveni qarTlis cxovrebis siZvelisa<br />
xelT ara gvaqvso. ai, ras ambobda, magram es maSin iyo,<br />
rodesac gansvenebuli d. baqraZe axalgazrda iyo da pirvelaT<br />
gamodioda sarbielze. SemdegSi-ki, rodesac naxa<br />
sabuTebi da maT Soris mariam dedoflis variantica, sul<br />
winaaRmdegs amtkicebda. rasakvirvelia, rom b-n marrs is<br />
1858 wels dawerili statia axsovs da sxvebi, axlebi ki, ara<br />
scodnia!..<br />
dasasrul, rodesac sakuTari grZnoba-mofiqrebiT<br />
guls ijerebs b-ni patkanovis qeba-didebiT da masTan er-<br />
Tad sazogadoT somexTa mecnierT keTilad moxsenebiT, bni<br />
marri amas ki ambobs: `rac ram patkanovis Sromisa da<br />
Rvawlis mniSvnelobaze vTqviT, aqedan mkiTxveli mainc da<br />
mainc imas-ki nu igulisxmebs, rom viTomc is, patkanovi,<br />
ucodveli da Seucdomeli yofiliyos wvrilmanebSio,<br />
radganac qarTulSi specialisti ar iyo, rasakvirvelia,<br />
Secdomebs Tavidan ver aicdendao~ da sxva. maS, Cvenc amis<br />
meti raRa davaSaveT, rom gvirisxdeba!? axirebulia<br />
Tqvenma mzem!.. jer civ uarze dgas da mere ki `marTaliao~<br />
TviTonac imas gviCurCulebs!..<br />
5) `grens somxebi raT Seacdendneno da raT daaweriebden<br />
qarTvelebis gasakiTx rasmeo?~ _ brZanebs marri.<br />
sworeT imave mizeziT da ganZraxviT, riTac kutulsa da<br />
xvolsons daaweries, rom Tbilisi yovelTvis sasomxeTSi<br />
yofila da qarTveloba aq arasodes yofilao. sadac aTasi<br />
sxva aris, iq ratom es erTic ar iqneba SesaZlebeli?<br />
6) `somxur Jurnal-gazeTebs arasodes ar uTqvamT,<br />
rom qarTvelebs ena ara aqvT Tavisi sakuTari, rom rTuli<br />
azri gamoTqvano~ _ amtkicebs b-ni marri. `fici mwams da<br />
bolo makvirvebs~ _ es aris sworeT! im utyuar dRevandel<br />
sabuTebs, romlebic Cven xelSi gviWiravs, ganZrax<br />
mxars uqcevs da iZaxis: `eg arasodes ar yofilao!~ da bolos-ki<br />
CveulebrivaT Tanxmdeba da ambobs: `imas mxolod<br />
umecrebi sweren da mecnierebi-ki arasodeso~. ki magram<br />
Cven am umecrebis mets versad vxedavT sxvas da Tu b-ma<br />
94
marrma icis, aba gviCvenos: vin aris da vin iyo is mecnieri<br />
somexi, romelic Cven sasargebloT ambobda da ambobs<br />
rasme? dResac es umecrebi sweren da ratom is mecnierebi<br />
ar umtyuneben maT da winaaRmdegs ara sweren?! raT ar<br />
urRveven im umecrebs, romelTac sazogadoT somxoba sabuTad<br />
xelze aqvT daxveuli? da an TviTon b-nma marrma<br />
ratom ar amoiRo xma maT sawinaaRmdegoT, maSin, rodesac<br />
Cven-ki ubralo Tavis gamarTlebis nebasac ar gvaZlevs?!<br />
aq raRac sxva ambavia!..<br />
7) `qarTvelebze rom gavlena hqonda somxurs da sityvebic<br />
somxuridan miiRes, amas qarTvelebic aRiarebeno,<br />
magaliTad, saba-sulxan-orbeliani da d. Cubinovio~ _<br />
ambobs b-ni marri, magram cdeba. saba ambobs, rom, radganac<br />
Cveni Zveli leqsikoni dakarguli iyo da <strong>qarTuli</strong> ena<br />
garyvna sxva-da-sxva xalxis enebidan Semoparulma sityvebma,<br />
amisaTvis me Sevudeqi <strong>qarTuli</strong> leqsikonis Sedgenaso.<br />
aq, vgoneb, somxebis sasargebloT araa ra naTqvami. rac<br />
Seexeba CubinaSvils, gansvenebuls yoveli sityva, romelic-ki<br />
an `l~-ze dabolovdeboda an `k~-ze qarTulSi, _<br />
somxuri egona. magaliTad `mga~ anu `mka~ <strong>qarTuli</strong>a da niSnavs<br />
Semosuli puris moWras. `mamgali~ anu `namgali~ im<br />
iaraRs niSnavs, riTac mkian. es sityva somxebs Cvengan<br />
miuTvisebiaT da `mangals~ eZaxian. `boloki~ <strong>qarTuli</strong>a,<br />
radganac didi kudi da bolo aqvs am mcenares. somxebs miuRiaT<br />
da `bRoks~ eZaxian. `bina~ niSnavs samudamo adgils<br />
da `banaks~ eZaxian. am gvari ram bevria somxurSi da qar-<br />
Tuli vis raT hgonia?! Tu marTla im azris aris b-ni<br />
marri, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> somxur sityvebidan aris Semdgari,<br />
maSin aiRos leqsikoni, magram bunovis-ki ara, _ ivane Wir-<br />
Wimelis, petriwad wodebulis, romelic X saukuneSi<br />
cxovrobda, amoweros sityvebi da maSin dainaxavs, ra migviRia<br />
Cven somxebisagan, an imaT Cvengan da maSin gaigebs,<br />
vis rogori gavlena hqonia da ra mxriT? mezobeli xalxi<br />
mezoblisagan imas miiRebs, rac imas aklia TviTon da<br />
Cvenc, ise, rogorc sxvebisgan, somxebisganac gvaqvs miRe-<br />
95
uli sityvebi: `Zunwi~, `maWankali~, `avazaki~, `sastiki~ da<br />
sxva, magram amiTi upiratesoba ar mtkicdeba.<br />
8) Cven gvqonda `krebulis~ statiaSi naTqvami, rom<br />
`<strong>qarTuli</strong> enis somxurze zed-gavlenas ucxo qveynis mecnierebi<br />
pir-iqiT amtkiceben da amas amowmebs mecnieri<br />
orientalisti gatteriasic~. amas Zalian TamamaT ukiJinebs<br />
b-ni marri da ficavs: eg ar SeiZlebodao da arc<br />
gatteriass uTqvams araferio. magram ai, ras ambobs gatteriasi:<br />
`<strong>qarTuli</strong>s SeswavliT me vcan didi mniSvneloba<br />
am enisa somxuri enis gamosakvlevado da vidre somxur<br />
enis gramatikas gamovcemdi, Sevudeqi, TviT ed. diulories<br />
rCeviT, <strong>qarTuli</strong>s Seswavlas im ganZraxviT, rom gamomekvlia:<br />
ra ekuTvnis somxurSi qarTul enas? uamisoT somxuri<br />
gramatika moklebuli iqneboda mecnierul saZirkvelsa<br />
da meTods~.<br />
amis Semdeg didi gambedaobaa b-ni marris mxriT uarze<br />
dgoma da Cveni simarTlis gatrizaveba, miT ufro, rom<br />
CveulebrivaT, ise, rogorc zemoTac vnaxeT amis nimuSebi<br />
sxva sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, TviTonve Tanxmdeba da ambobs:<br />
`<strong>qarTuli</strong>s Seswavlam bevri vera Semata ra gateriass da<br />
ar viciT, raT hgonia, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> saWiro iyos somxuris<br />
Sesaswavlado. es saidumlo iman saflavSi Tan Caitanao~.<br />
da sxv. Semdeg ki aqve ambobs: `me TviTon ugatterasioT,<br />
Cemda TavaT, mivel im gamokvlevamde, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> enis<br />
gavlena somxurze eWvs gareSeao~ da sxva. dideba Sens<br />
saxels, RmerTo! aba, an Cven raRas gverCoda da an<br />
gatteriass?!<br />
9) `yovlad SeuZlebelia, rom Zvel-nangrevebze somxebi<br />
qarTul zedwarweras fxekden da samagieroT somxurs<br />
awerdeno. imaT es Cveuleba ara aqvTo: me TviTon Cemis<br />
TvaliT vnaxe, rom aleqsandropolis mazris erT somexs<br />
epovna qvis jvari <strong>qarTuli</strong> warweriT da Seenaxao~. sakvirveli<br />
gakerpeba sworeT amasa hqvian!.. Cven aq Cveni TvaliT<br />
vxedavT da is ki iqidan gvarwmunebs da raRac uazro sabuTze<br />
gviTiTebs, TiTqos ar esmodes Cveni naweris azri<br />
96
da mniSvneloba!.. iq, aleqsandropolSi, sul sxva aris da<br />
aq, CvenSi, kidev sul sxva, iq, vinc is jvari ipovna, raT<br />
unda gadaefxika zed naweri <strong>qarTuli</strong>, maSin, rodesac kargaT<br />
icoda, rom is nivTi Rirebuli rame iyo da SeeZlo gaeyida?<br />
aq ki, rodesac taZrebze da cixeebze qarTul nawerebsa<br />
Slian da bagratis, daviTis, Tamaris da giorgis<br />
nacvlad arSak-marSakebs aweren, amiT isa hsurT daamtkicon,<br />
rom aq adrec sasomxeTo yofila da imaTi gavlena ar<br />
moSlilao. nu Tu es ar esmis b-n profesors da hgonia,<br />
Cven mxolod imas vamtkicebdeT, rom somxebs ise sZuldeT<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> nawerebi, rom sadac unda naxon, umizezoT moSlian?!<br />
ara, es kargad esmis b-n marrsac da mitomac bodiSsa<br />
hxdis somxobas: `amas umecari naswavlebi Svrebian da<br />
xalxis ra braliao?!~ saucxovoa Tqvenma mzem!.. roca<br />
umecrebi Cven winaaRmdeg cuds Cadian, maSin iZaxis b-ni<br />
marri: `eg ra mecnierebis braliao?~ roca mecnierebi _<br />
`umecrebma ra qnano?~ roca xalxi _ `inteligencias brali<br />
ara aqvso~ da roca inteligencia _ `xalxs ra moeTxovebao?~<br />
amgvari rameebiT aris gaWedili misi statia da,<br />
swore mogaxsenoT, Tu ara piradi Cveni pativis cema b-n<br />
marrisadmi, pasuxis Rirsad arasodes ar gavxdidiT am ablakatur<br />
mraval-metyvelebas. amieridan-ki am gvar rameebze<br />
Cvengan pasuxs nu elis da, Tu samecniero ram gamokvleviT,<br />
ise, rogorc SeSvenis da ekadreba mecniers, romelime<br />
simarTlisa da WeSmaritebis dasamtkiceblaT inebebs<br />
mobrZanebas Cvens daCagrul ubanSi, maSin ki didi siyvaruliTa<br />
da pativis-cemiT mivegebebiT, rom upasuxoT ar<br />
davagdoT da manamdis ki mSvidobiT!<br />
1898<br />
97
simarTle<br />
dRevandeli qarTveli ise mohgavs Tavis winapars,<br />
rogorc aCrdili mis gamomsaxav cxovel sagans:<br />
Tu erTi vinme ixsenieboda Zvelad, qarTvelic xsenebula,<br />
radganac es sityvebi: `Wirsa Sina gamagreba, ise unda<br />
viT qvitkirsao~ da `sjobs sicocxlesa naZraxsa sikvdili<br />
saxelovanio~, mcnebad hqonda gadaqceuli. iyo<br />
gul-gautexi mebrZoli, gambedavi, SemmarTi, saocari mamaci<br />
da gvariSvilobis meZiebeli, magram sxvagvarad ki<br />
esmoda maSin `gvariSviloba~: `Tu kaci kacad ar varga, cudia<br />
gvariSvilobao!~ _ ambobda. diax. cal-calke, magram<br />
SeerTebulad amas gaiZaxoda rogorc aRmosavleTi (qar-<br />
Tli), ise dasavleTi (imereTi) saqarTveloc da orive er-<br />
Tad, midioda swori gziT xelixel Cakidebuli. aviRoT samagaliTod<br />
uaxloesi dro. moadga uecrad dasapyrobad<br />
da asaoxreblad imereTs serasqiri. gvali-faSa xresilze<br />
SeCerda da iqidan uTvlis mefes: `meti gza aRara gaqvs,<br />
unda damnebdeo!~ Sejda cxenze da elvasaviT miaSura mefe<br />
solomon pirvelma pirdapir. icis, rom meomrebi gza-gza<br />
wamoewevian, Tqma aRar unda.<br />
marTla SeiZra imereTi da mesame dRes mefe jariT<br />
pirdapir udga mters da razmebad dawyobil jarsa hyofs.<br />
`memarcxene sardalo! raT mogiwyenia? _ ekiTxeba mefe<br />
agiaSvils, _ omSi mimavals saxe risxviTa da mxiarulebiT<br />
unda giRelavdes da Sen ki...<br />
_ uTvalavia mteri, batono... _ yoymaniT miugebs<br />
agiaSvili.<br />
_ uTvalavi?.. hm. ki, magram nu dagaviwydeba, rom isini<br />
momsvlelebi arian da Cven ki _ damxvduri. Sinaurs ucxo<br />
ebrZvis!<br />
_ eg xom mangrea, magram cixe Signidan gatydebao!<br />
rostom erisTavi saidumlod mxars uWers [mters], imitom<br />
98
aRar mogvaxmara raWvelebi da biZaTqveni, levan abaSiZe ki<br />
Tavis saymo-sabrZanebliT pirdapi miemxro.<br />
_ eg ori?.. araferia!.. Cvenskenac ori iqneba: RmerTi<br />
da bedi!.. am sityvebiT Sevdivar xolme momsvlel mterze.<br />
aba he! mzem ar dagvaswros!.. hka magaT!.. astyda saocari<br />
omi da jer kidev mze ar Casuliyo, Subis tarze iyo miwuruli,<br />
rom mefes gamarjvebas ulocavden!.. mokla abaSiZe<br />
da faSebic tyved Caucvivda qarTvelebs (imerlebs). datyvevebuli<br />
gvali-faSac ZRvnad moarTves mefes!..<br />
Zauxvze TaTris jari sdgas. [serasfras] gverdSi udgia<br />
Cerqez-batonic. jaris simravles nuRa vikiTxavT da<br />
mxolod isa vsqvaT, rom samoci zarbazani aqvsT. es im<br />
drosaTvis didi Zalaa, magram gul-magari megrelebi amas<br />
ar eridebian da uSiSrad midian pirdapir, miT ufro rom<br />
imerlebi udganan gverdSi da win miuZRvis mefe solomoni.<br />
atydeba saocari brZola da gamarjveba darCebaT qarTvelebs.<br />
im samoc zarbazans davlad iReben sxvaTa Soris. gaxarebulia<br />
dadiani. ocdaaT zarbazans uTmobs imerlebs<br />
da mefec TiTo orolas didebulebs urigebs: Tqven Tqveni<br />
cixeebic gaamagreT, rom mterma veRar mogbedosTo!..<br />
dasavleT saqarTveloSi (imereTSi) rom es ambavi xdeboda,<br />
aRmosavleTSi (qarTli, kaxeTi) uaresobac iyo: yoveli<br />
kuTxiT eseoda mteri, magram erekle, roca ki moaswrebda,<br />
saiTkenac miaSurebda, musrs adenda. wvrilebi<br />
rom ar viangariSoT, marto didi da SesaniSnavi omebi samocze<br />
meti aqvs gadaxdili da maT ricxvSi `aspinZisac~, _<br />
aspinZas, sadac didZal Turqobas mxars aZlevden gamoCenili<br />
beladebic, TviTon daesxa Tavze erekle. sruli darwmunebuli<br />
iyo, rom imaT mosresda, radganac rusis jaric<br />
exmareboda. magram Seiqna Tu ara brZola, rusis sardalma<br />
totlebenma uRalata, gaabruna jari da tfilisisken<br />
wamovida. imave dros aRarc memkvidrem miaSvela kaxelebi<br />
da daeca qarT-kaxeTis mefe mters. Semohkres qarTvelebma<br />
da iwyes xelCarTuli brZola. `deda SeirTos colad,<br />
99
vinc dRes am omidan cocxali gavideso!~ _ dasZaxa mxcovanma,<br />
magram Warmagma sardalma.<br />
_ `amin da krileisono!~ _ miayvires mTiulebma da astyda<br />
omi. Sedegi saarako gamarjveba iyo!.. wyalSi gadahyares<br />
TaTrebi!.. mtkvari damxrCvals veRar itevda!!.. amave<br />
dros kaxelebs guli hqonda gatexili; mosveneba ara hqondaT:<br />
qurdulad epareboden lekebi da xan aq, xan iq daecemoden<br />
xolme sofels. daaZaxebden buks, atydeboda<br />
gangaSi: `ariqa, mdevari!.. vin xarT mamaci!.. lekebi daesxnen<br />
ama da am sofels~ da sxvani... wamovardeboda zeze<br />
ZildamfrTxali mdevari; col-Svili iaraRs miawodebda,<br />
cxens Seukazmavda, isic faca-fuciT moaxteboda cxens da<br />
miaSurebda mtrisken. imas ar naRvlobda, rom marto varo.<br />
mdevari iyo. icoda, rom sxvebic, misTanebi, iqneboden,<br />
wamoeweoden gza-gza da Tu daeweoden mters, nadavls daayrevinebden.<br />
_ amisTanebi iyven Cveni mama-papebi da<br />
sultanmac ganasxvava sxva qristianebisgan: qarTvelebs<br />
firmani hqondaT, rom ubaJod Sesuliyvnen xolme<br />
ierusalimSi.<br />
maSin yvela gmiri iyo. aslan yaflaniSvili CaabezRes<br />
mTavar-marTebel ermalovs, rom qarTvelobs da rusebis<br />
ara swams rao!.. ermalovma moixmo da ubrZana, `xmali aixadeo!..~,<br />
aslans jer xumroba egona, magram bolos rom darwmunda,<br />
rom aRar mexumrebiano, gaukvirda da uTxra: `es<br />
xmali erekles naboZebia da mis metic veravin amxdiso!..<br />
Tqveni es aris da miirTvio~ _ moixsna yelis jvari da daudva<br />
win stolze. moTminebidan gamosulma ermolovma<br />
miayvira: `Sen ici, rom mag urCobisaTvis sikvdildi<br />
gekuTvniso?~<br />
_ vicio, magram arc is damviwyebia, rom `sjobs sicocxlesa<br />
naZraxsa sikvdili saxelovanio!~ _ miugo dinjad<br />
da Seupovrad gauCerda zrdilobianad. dRes ki erTi<br />
wailaparaka pristavma: qarTvelobav, iaraRi aiyareo da<br />
[danis erTac] aRaravisa aqvs mTels imereTSi!.. sofelSi<br />
rom braziani ZaRli SeiWres, momgerebeli aravin aris!!..<br />
100
gaigeben Tu ara, rom ama da am sofelSi ramdenime rusi<br />
modiso, mTeli mazra Zrwis! damtuqsveli razmidan rom<br />
ori kazaki-rusi Sevides romelime sofelSi, kmara. mTeli<br />
soflis ena Cavardeba da didi da patara sasowarkveTilebas<br />
miecema. is kazakebic, sofels rom zari dascen da gaamarTlon<br />
maTi SiSi, gulgrilad ukideben cecxls romelime<br />
saxls. maTTvvis sul erTia, petres saxli iqneba Tu<br />
pavlesi, bralianis Tu ubralosi, oRond SiSis qari ki<br />
gauyenon saerTod soflelebs! _ iwveba saxl-kari, iRupeba<br />
qoneba, magram es kidev araferi. amave dros saxlis<br />
patroni hxedavs, rom mis dedas Seuracxyofas ayeneben,<br />
cols namussa hxdian, mcirewlovan Svils sasikvdiloda<br />
hxwnian... amaebs yolifers SeCerebia gul-xel dakrebili<br />
da xmac ver amouRia, ar momklano!.. `sicocxle tkbiliao~,<br />
_ ambobs gunebaSi da madloba RmerTs, Tu gadavrCio!~<br />
Zveli Tqmuleba: `erTi yvelasa da yvela erTisaTvis~, arc<br />
ki gaugonia. piriqiT, midis da Tavisians abezRebs!.. cilsa<br />
swamebs da miT unda Tavi gadairCinos. suliTa da xorciT<br />
dacemula. kacis kvla Calad miaCnia, magram mxdalia da<br />
ver bedavs, sxvas Sehbedos. Tavisians ki, radganac icis,<br />
rom imisTvis Tavs ar gamoideben, ara hzogavs, magram aqac<br />
ragvarad? aTi an oci Tu gabedavs erTze misvlas da isic<br />
uiaraRoze. mieparebian, Soridan mokvlen da es miaCndaT<br />
vaJkacobad!.. erTi sityviT, dRes Cveni Zveleburi vaJkacoba<br />
`kudabzikobad aris gadaqceuli da adamianoba _<br />
nacarqeqiobad~...<br />
ase gardaiqmna xalxi sul erTi saukunis ganmavlobaSi<br />
da visi bralia es? _ ruseTis biurokratiis da misi mmar-<br />
Tvelobisa CvenSi. magram sanam amis damtkicebas SevudgebodeT,<br />
cota unda gadavuxvioT ganze, mivmarToT istorias<br />
da mere isev davubrundeT am sakiTxavs.<br />
uxsovar droidan misTana xalxi ar gamoCenila, rom<br />
saqarTvelos ar daZgerebodes da damxoba misi ar moendomebios.<br />
da es sastikoba imiTi iyo gamowveuli, rom saqar-<br />
Tvelo sakuTris el-feriT erTxelve [arCeuli] gziT mi-<br />
101
dioda da aravis emorCileboda, rom mis zne-Cveulebas<br />
gadahyoloda. saberZneTma, asureTma, babilonma, arabeTma,<br />
romma, vizantiam, da bolos, mongolebma, TaTrebma<br />
bevrjel moaoxres da gadalekes xolme stiqionuris ZaliT,<br />
magram xangrZlivad Sig fexis mokideba mainc ver<br />
SeiZles da mTebSi droebiTad Sexiznuli qarTveloba<br />
mtris wasvlis Semdeg Camodioda barad da Zvel Stoebze<br />
isev amoiyrida xolme axali qarTveloba, magram Soreulebma<br />
is ver moaxerxes, rac mezobelma sparseTma dRe<br />
daayena!.. yaenebi mosvenebas ar aZlevden!! Sah abazi pirveli<br />
darwmunda, rom im xalxis dapyroba, romelsac Tavisi<br />
erovneba rjulSi ganuxorcielebia, Znelia, Tu rjuli ar<br />
gamoecvala da moindoma deda-miwis piridan maTi amofxroba<br />
da saqarTvelos simagreebis ki TviTon daWera.<br />
tyved wayvanil qarTvelebs sparseTSi gzavnida gadasasaxleblad<br />
da imaT nacvlad saqarTveloSi TaTrebs asaxlebda.<br />
ganaxevrda qarTl-kaxeTi, magram arc es naxevroba iSlida<br />
Taviss qarTvelobas!.. miT ufro, rom dasavleT<br />
saqarTvelo amoRebuli hyavda mizanSi stambols, riTac<br />
droze sargeblobden imerlebi da sparselebsac surams<br />
iqiT fexis gadadgmac ar SeeZloT. marTalia, mravali<br />
saukunoebis ganmavlobaSi, am ubedur yofaSi iyven qar-<br />
Tvelebi, mters igeriebden, magram Tavisi samefo da saku-<br />
Tari elferi ar daukargavT, sanam rusebze ar midga jeri.<br />
rusebis politikam ki bolo mouRo mravaltanjul<br />
saqarTvelos.<br />
petre didma Cveulebrivis SorsmWvretelobiT gadaiwyvita<br />
gunebaSi, rom Tu ruseTma fexi ar moikida aziaSi,<br />
marto evropiaSi xeiri ar daeyrebao da kidevac gailaSqra<br />
darubandisaken. undoda sparseTs daaxloeboda da zogierTi<br />
adgilebi kidevac daiWira kaspiis napirebze... magram<br />
adgilobrivma bunebam umtyuna da iZulebuli gaxda jerjerobiT<br />
SeeCerebia ganZraxva. _ ekaterine meorem, romelic<br />
scdilobda yoolifris Sexedvas petres TvaliT, mixvda,<br />
rom aziaSi fexis Casadgmelad kavkasionis dapyrobaa<br />
102
saWiro. imas ki ise ver daipyrobs, Tu saqarTvelo an<br />
mtrobiT da an moyvrobiT ar Caigdo rogorme xelSi. magram<br />
samtro mizezi rom ara hqonda ra, meluri moyvroba<br />
moindoma!.. Reneral-poruCikma potiomkinma iTxova mefe<br />
erekles qali, anastasia batoniSvili da pirobasa sdebda,<br />
rom duSeTSi daesaxleboda, Camoiyvanda rusis jars da<br />
darialis xeobas gaamagrebda, rom mteri veRar Semosuliyo.<br />
aq ganZraxva sul sxva iyo: undoda, rom gaxsnili gziT<br />
Semoeyvana rusebi saqarTveloSi, rac ZaladobiT SeuZlebeli<br />
iyo! _ mefe miuxvda am veragul ganZraxvas Tu<br />
iukadrisa: ubralo generali rogor mibedavs qalis Txovaso,<br />
uari SeuTvala da aRar moxda saqme. maSin ruseTi<br />
sxva gzas unda Sedgomoda, rom ganzraxuli azri sisrule-<br />
Si moeyvana da kidevac male mieca SemTxveva.<br />
TiTqmis sasowarkveTilebamde misuli saqarTvelo xelaxlad<br />
isev gamoabruna ereklem. am `patara-kaxma~ [ ] 1 samefo<br />
da imdenad SezRuda sparseTi da osmaleTi, rom isini<br />
iZulebuli gaxden, SuRli SeewyvitaT saqarTvelos mefeebTan<br />
da samegobro kavSiri daeWiraT. ai, maSindeli<br />
sruli tituli erekle mefisa: `mefe qarTl-kaxeTisa, memkvidre<br />
da mflobeli samcxe-saaTabagosi, mTavari borCalosi,<br />
mTavari [ ], 2 mTavari Sirvanisa, mTavari da mfarveli<br />
ganjisa, erevnisa da sxvaTa mTavarTa. aqedana sCans, rom<br />
man aRudgina Zveli, TviTqmis, dakarguli dideba saqar-<br />
Tvelos. imave dros dasavleT saqarTveloSi hmefobda<br />
solomon-didi, kaci saxelganTqmuli da SorsmWvreteli,<br />
romelic mxars aZlevda qarTl-kaxeTis mefes _ erekles<br />
da osmalebsac saqmes uWirvebda. erTi sityviT, saqarTvelos<br />
mdgomareoba im dros gamovargisebuli iyo. sworeT<br />
im dros ruseTma gamoucxada omi osmaleTs da ekaterine<br />
meorem ministr nikita paninis piriT SemouTvalaT saqar-<br />
Tvelos mefeebsac: `Tqven rogorc erTmorjule Cemi da<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
2 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
103
jvris Tayvanismcemelni, valdebuli xarT gaswyvitoT<br />
yovelive kavSiri mahmadianebTan da omi gamocxadoT maT,<br />
rom Cven, saqristiano samefoebi amieridan xelixel micemuli<br />
vidodeT erTis gziTa~. saqarTvelos mefeebma ver<br />
warmoidgines, rom mefuri sityva gatydeboda da politikac<br />
xSirad simarTles Ralatobs, daijeres ekaterines<br />
aRTqma, gaswyvites kavSiri, gamoucxades omi osmaleTs da<br />
kidec gaeben maxeSi. marTalia, maSveli jari rusebisa<br />
Camovida saqarTveloSi totlebenis winamZRolobiT, magram<br />
rac maSin im totlebenma Caidina, dafaruli aRar<br />
aris: `aspinZis omSi~ uRalata mefes da gamobrunda, xuTi<br />
Tve adga Sorapnis cixes da vera gaawyo ra, sadac (16)<br />
Teqvsmeti Turme mecixovne iyo da meti ara. es mere gaiges,<br />
roca solomonma ieriSi miitana marto imerlebiT da erT<br />
dRes aiRo; quTaisSi rom Cavida totlebeni, [ ] 1-dan zarbaznebi<br />
dauSina qalaq quTaiss da SesaniSnavi Senoba<br />
bagratis taZari maSin daangria da gaudga gzas foTisken.<br />
gzaT mimavalma geguTis nacixvarSi Seiyvana jari da Rame<br />
gaaTevina da mere miadga foTs, rom zRviT wasuliyo,<br />
magram aqac did-gansacdelSi koRoebma, civebam dascada<br />
da naxevarze meti megrelebs CauvardaT xelSi. sworeT im<br />
xanebSi filosofosi volteri weriliT ulocavs ekaterines,<br />
rom Seni jari da sardlebi imarjveben saqarTveloSi<br />
da saocari cixe geguTi auRia totlebenso. _ es ki araferia,<br />
totlebenma ekaterine moatyua da voltermac<br />
ekaterines daujera da geguTis ubralo cixe meore gibraltari<br />
egonaT. saqme is aris, rom cxadaTa sCans rusebis<br />
ganZraxva: saqristianos moxmareba ki ar edvaT gulSi,<br />
saqarTvelos rogorme xelSi Cagdeba undodaT, rom moexerxebinaT<br />
da amitomac Caugdes martoka xelSi TaTrebs.<br />
maSindeli politikuri mosazreba ruseTis is iyo, rom<br />
saqarTvelo dauZlurebuliyo da iZulebuli gamxdariyo<br />
Zala-uneburad miemarTna ruseTisTvis. 1795 w. xoja xanis<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
104
Semoseva da tfilisis aoxrebac am azriT iyo gamowveuli;<br />
cixe Signidan gatydebao, tyuila ki ar aris naTqvami!..<br />
saqarTvelos damcirebas maSin rom erTi mxriT ruseTi<br />
ucdida, meore mxriT isini scdilobden damxobas, visac<br />
mis naoxarze undoda Tavisi aego. magram tfilisis aReba<br />
kidev ar niSnavda saqarTvelos sabolovod damxobas. jer<br />
erTi, rom xoja-xans ar SeeZlo surams iqiT, imereTisken,<br />
sadac ori wili saqarTvelo iyo, fexi gadaedga da meore<br />
is, rom TviT qarTl-kaxeTic daupyobeli daurCa xoja<br />
xans da siCqariT gabrunda sparseTisaken. da meored rom<br />
wamovida dasapyroblad, gzaSi mokles. am dros garegan<br />
mousvenarobas, Sinagan ganxeTqilebas da erekles Rrma<br />
moxucebulobas zed daerTo sneulebac da yovelive aman<br />
iqamdi miiyvana gmiri mefe, rom moasurva ruseTTan Seer-<br />
Teba, magram iseTi ki ara, rogorsac dRes vxedavT. imas<br />
undoda, rom samefo xel-SeuSleli yofiliyo da mxolod<br />
sagareo politikaSi damoCileboda ruseTs. es survili<br />
kidevac moiyvana sisruleSi misma memkvidrem, giorgi XII m<br />
1800 wels. maSin ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Sua daidva ficiTi-mtkiciTi<br />
xelSekruloba, romlis ZaliTac unda<br />
dakmayofilebuliyo orive mxare. es piroba mefem da zogierTa<br />
didebulebma Sehkres rusebTan, xalxs arc ki gaugia<br />
da mitomac xalxSi amboxeba moxda, magram raRa dros,<br />
rom rusobam CvenSi fexi moikida da Zaladobaze dadga...<br />
ra piroba? risi piroba? rac Cven gvsurs, is unda moxdeso.<br />
dauwyes ngreva saukunoebiT dawesebul wes-wyobilebas<br />
CvenSi, rom maTi saxsenebelic aRar yofiliyo da Seudgen<br />
axals, Tavisas. mas aqeT sworeT erTi saukunea da xalxmac<br />
idResaswaula, viTom, es bednieri movlena, SeerTeba, magram<br />
ras vanbob, rogor Tu xalxma? ormilion xalxSi _<br />
mxolod ramdenime asma kacma Tu itlinka da isic Renerlebma<br />
da garusebulebma. xalxs monawileoba ar miuRia!<br />
mazris ufrosebma moaxsenes mTavrobas, rom xalxs sixarulSi<br />
ar miuRia monawileoba, erTi zaric ar dakrula,<br />
rom paraklisi vismes gadaexadoso! ase... is guli xalxis<br />
105
marTali iyo da an ki ra marTebda qarTvel xalxs sasixarulo,<br />
rom asi wlis ganmavlobaSi rusebis xelSi ukanukan<br />
Sedioda... ruseTi hxedavda, rom is xalxi, romelmac<br />
rjulSi erovneba ganixorciela da iZaxis: `Wirsa Sina gamagreba<br />
ise unda viT qviTkirsao!~, Zneli dasamonebelia,<br />
sanam sarwmunoeba ar CamoerTmeva da zneobiTad ar daecemao.<br />
es ganiZraxa da xeli Seuwyo mis dacemas. cxovrebis<br />
yovelgvari sarbieli daiWires rusebma xelSi da xafangad<br />
mouwyves xalxs, rom rjuli, aRzrda, samjavro da sxva<br />
yoliferi mitom undodaT, rom xalxSi suli moeklaT da<br />
mere ufro advilad gaerusebiaT. da Tu es aRar moxerxdeboda,<br />
qarTveloba [amoefxvraT] da maT adgilze rusebi<br />
daesaxlebiaT. aviRoT magaliTebi:<br />
1. [axali] rjuli<br />
zemoTac gviTqvams, qarTvelobam sarwmunoebas Seukav-<br />
Sira erovneba. erTi meores Seusisxlxorca, Zvelad qar-<br />
Tveli hniSnavda qristians da qristiani qarTvels. mahmadianTa<br />
rjulis devnam ufroc gaamtkica rjuli da mas-<br />
Tanve erTad erovnebac. ase rom, ruseTs Cabarda eklesia<br />
gaspetakebuli da SeubRalavi da Tanac gul-gautexeli<br />
eri, marTalis da sworis gziT mimavali. xalxs rom gareSe<br />
mteri moSordeboda ruseTis meoxebiT, rogori [aqaurebis]<br />
imedic iyo, maSin qarTveloba im Zalasac, mtris mosagerieblad<br />
rom xarjavda, Sinaur moZraobaSi daxarjavda<br />
da dRes didad dawinaurebuli iqneboda, magram es ewinaaRmdegeboda<br />
garusebis programas da sul sxva gzaze daayenes<br />
qarTvelebi. erovnebis dasaviwyeblad ueWvelad<br />
rjulic unda daeviwyebinaT da kidevac Seasrules Tavisi.<br />
dRes qarTveli urjuloa: aRar swams eklesia, msoflio<br />
krebis dadgenileba, yvela daiviwya da erovnebazedac gagulgrilda.<br />
wyali ereve cecxls, magram Tu cecxlma wya-<br />
106
li miimwyvria rogorme, cudad aatirebs!.. sworeT isea<br />
gulic: guli ereva kuWs, magram Tu kuWma rogorme eSmakobiT<br />
xelSi Caigdo erTxelve guli _ morCa, gaTavda! ras<br />
ar aqmnevinebs. qarTul eklesias did-Zali sakuTreba,<br />
didZali qoneba hqonda, ase rom, ara Tu TviTon hyofnidaT,<br />
zurg-momagrebuli qvriv-oblebsac ewevoda. is qoneba<br />
saxelmwifom CamoarTva. dReidan TviTon me vupatroneb<br />
qarTvel sasuliero wodebasao. gadaayena msoflio krebisagan<br />
dadgenili kaTalikosi da mis magierad daayena rusi<br />
_ ekzarxosi, misca programa axali da mianiWa Zalac. maTi<br />
programa imaSi mdgomareobda, rom Zveli yoliferi daeviwyebia<br />
xalxisaTvis!.. <strong>qarTuli</strong> saxareba uwminduria, radganac<br />
ZaRlis enazea dawerilio, _ ambobden, _ qarTvelebs<br />
wmindanebi vin misca, maTi eklesia ra eklesiaao da<br />
sxvani! _ seminariaSi da sasuliero skolebSi <strong>qarTuli</strong><br />
mospobil iqna. qarTulad wirva-locva unda moespoT da<br />
nacvlad SemoeRoT `sloviani~, romelic TviT rusebsac<br />
ar esmisT.<br />
aTas gvar sagulisxmo magaliTidan movitanT erTs da<br />
isic sakmarisi iqneba, rom Cveni hazri daasabuTos. winaT<br />
qarTvelebs iseTi SiSi hqondaT da pativis cema saydrisa,<br />
rom, ara Tu TviT ekklesiaSi, galavanSiac rom gdebuliyo<br />
Zvirfasi ram, veravin gabedavda xelis mokidebas da<br />
gamotanas. am ocda aTis wlis wineT gelaTi gaiZarcva da<br />
imas mohyva sxva saydrebisa da monastrebis Zarcvac. samkaulebi<br />
gamohqondaT da cxadaT mihqondaT. imave dros<br />
CvenSi arsdeboda `qristianeTa [aRmdgenlebis] sazogadoeba<br />
kavkaziaSi~ da bevric monaTles afxazeTsa da svaneT-<br />
Si, rogorc maTi angariSidana sCans. _ naTliden da Zalian<br />
magraTac: radganac axalmonaTluls eZleoda monaTvlis<br />
dros ramdenime abazi da erTi jvari, erTi da<br />
igive piri Turme aTjer da ocjer inaTleboda sxva da<br />
sxva saxeliT da erTi aTad da ocad gamodioda angarisSi.<br />
svaneTSi da afxazeTSi, magaliTad, gamodga axlad gaqristianebuli<br />
(Tumca qristianebi iyven adrevac), rom mcxov-<br />
107
ebTa ricxvs erTi samad aRemata. _ am sazogadoebam, romelic<br />
amgvar angariSs adgenda, rasakvirvelia, daimsaxura<br />
sinodis ndoba. am sazogadoebam sxvaTa Soris urCia<br />
sinods, rom <strong>qarTuli</strong> eklesiebidan gamoetanaT xatebisadmi<br />
Sewiruli samkaulebi, gaeyidaT, fulad eqciaT da<br />
sxvani. _ sinodma neba darTo da sinodis kantoramac<br />
gamoacxada maTi gayidva. hyidden oqro-vercxls, beWdebs,<br />
sayureebs, xatebidan amonaZrob Tvlebs, [_] 1 ydebs da<br />
sxvani... am nivTebis yidva yvelas SeeZlo, ra rjulisac<br />
unda yofiliyo, oRond fuli ki mieca. _ pirvelad aman<br />
Zalian gaaoca xalxi, imas hxedavda, rac TaTrebis Semosevis<br />
dros iSviaTi iyo, da saswauls eloda: ekklesia moigerebs<br />
mis gamZarcvelebso, magram drom gaiara da xma veravin<br />
amoiRo, nel-nela SeeCvia. ifiqra, rom albaT ar hqonia<br />
saydars Zala, Tvara rogor gaaglejinebda Tavso?..<br />
tyuili yofila yoliferio da TviTonac mihyo xeli. dRes<br />
saydrebs mcvelebi ayenia da qurdebs zarebis rekiT afrTxoben.<br />
es maSinve windawinve [dasanaxavi] ki iyo, rom es<br />
Sedegi unda mohyoloda uwmindesi sinodis gankargulebas,<br />
magram cenzura kriWaSi idga da vis amoaRebiebden<br />
xmas? axali moZraoba rom Semovida ruseTSi, qarTvelma<br />
efiskoposebma gabedes da ukmayofileba gamoacxades.<br />
maTma warmomadgenelma efiskoposebma leonidma da kirionma<br />
xma aimaRles sinodSi da moiTxoves avtokefalia, ese<br />
igi, saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukidebloba. magram es<br />
CamoSorebas ki ar hniSnavda! arc [wvalebloba] Semodioda<br />
qarTvelebis eklesiaSi da arc reseTs uarsa hyofden.<br />
mxolod undodaT, rom Tavisi Sinagani saqme ase gafuWebuli<br />
ekzarxosebis xelSi, rogorme TviTonve Sinaurulad<br />
moewes-rigebinaT da miT qristianoba gamoebrunebiaT. _<br />
am gvar moTxovnilebas win ara daudgeboda ra, magram<br />
biurokratiam itkica _ Sexta da Semotrialda... Zveli<br />
uflebis dakargva ar iama biurokratias da mihmarTa<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
108
Cveulebriv saxriko [_]. 1 vostorgovis mowafeebi datrialden<br />
CvenSi. mRvdlebs eubneboden: kaco, ram gadagriaT,<br />
cecxlSi rad vardebiT? dRes xom pencia da jamagiri<br />
mTavrobisgan geZlevaT? avtokefalia rom mogeces, maSin<br />
xom mogespobaT da col-Svili SimSiliT gagiwydebaTo!..<br />
_ ki, magram maSin im CamorTmeul Zvel saeklesio mamulebs<br />
xom dagvibrunebeno, ai magaliTad, rogorc somxebs<br />
daubruneso? aZlevden pasuxs. arao _ ganagrZobden mqadageblebi<br />
_ odesme egeba dagibrunon, magram es ambavi<br />
didxans gastans, bevri wyali Caivlis da Tqven Tqveni dagemarTebaTo...<br />
aman marTla Caafiqra zogierTebi da ima-<br />
Tac wamoayrantales: ar gvinda avtokefalia, isev ase unda<br />
darCeTo... Tumca es zogierTebi cota arian CvenSi da<br />
maT naTqvams ra yuradReba unda mieqces, magram ruseTis<br />
biurokratiam ki xeli Cahkida da ambobs: ai yvelas ara<br />
hsurs... da mec ara var darwmunebuli, rom avtokefalia<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> ekklesiisaTvis saWiro iyoso... `mizez-mizezao,<br />
dos marili akliao~, amisi ar iyos, Torem is zogierTebi<br />
ra saxsenebeli arian maSin, rodesac mTeli qarTl-kaxeTisa<br />
da imereTis samRvdeloeba avtokefilias Txovilobs?<br />
TviT ieso qristem Tormeti mociquli airCia da im TormetSi<br />
erTi gamcemeli, iuda, gamodga. magram amiTi qristianoba<br />
uarsayofeli ar gamxdara!.. erTi da ori iuda rom<br />
ramdenime aTasSi gamoerios ra saTqmelia? magram eh... raca<br />
vsqviT, isica kmara... da axla gadavideT meore magaliTze...<br />
Svilebis aRzrdaze, saswavleblebi rom gamarTes<br />
CvenSi da axalTavobis aRzrda Caigdes xelSi, maSin SemoiRes<br />
misTana antipedagogiuri wesebi, romelic mxolod<br />
grZnoba-gonebas uxrwnida axalgazdebs, rom ufro male<br />
garusebul iyven. maTi cda is iyo, rom dedaena moespoT<br />
yvelgan, daeviwyebiaT warsuli, SeegonebiaT, rom mTeli<br />
Cveni warsuli, ori-sami aTasi wlis ganmavlobaSi, ugnurebisa<br />
da ubedurebis meti ara hyofila ra da mxolod garu-<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
109
sebas SeuZlia Cveni gamobruneba!.. visac dedaena daviwyebuli<br />
hqonda da rusulsac moskovurad gamosTqvamda, is<br />
iyo mxolod mosawoni. sagnebsa da maT Seswavlas yurs aravin<br />
aTxovebda. qarTvelma pedagogebma iucxoves, brZola<br />
iwyes, magram ra gamouvidodaT, maSin rodesac yovelgvari<br />
dawesebuloba xelixelCakidebuli modioda? dahyares<br />
iaraRi da moidrikes qedi. mxolod zogierTebma sTqves:<br />
`araobas cal uReli xari sjobiao~ da Seudgen saqmes,<br />
egebo cotas mainc gamovrCeT da qors rom wiwili miaqvs<br />
`hau! hau! mainc SevaZaxoTo!.. rac erTma maTganma iakob<br />
gogebaSvilma Caidina da aitana, mxolod rom saarakoa. am<br />
yvelasagan niWier pedagogad cnobilma kacma saxelmZRvaneloc<br />
ki bevri Seadgina, magram adgilobrivma mTavrobam<br />
ver Sexeda kargad da mis WeSmarit pedagogobas farisevloba<br />
dauyena win: erT uniWo saxalxo direqtors Seadgenia<br />
saxelmZRvanelod munjuri metodi da miTi dauwyo<br />
tanjva axalgazrdobas. sityva rom aRar gavagrZeloT, movitanT<br />
mxolod erT magaliTs, Tu sanamdi miawia adgilobrivma<br />
meliaobam: 1871-Si saqarTveloSi CamobrZanda xelmwife-imperatori<br />
da sityvierad ganacxada survili: `rac<br />
undaT qarTvelebs, mTxovon da mec vecdebi asrulebaso~.<br />
mesamoce wlebis moRvaweebma moindomes eTxovaT universiteti<br />
da an sxva rame maRali saswavlebeli, magram maSindeli<br />
mTavar-marTeblis kancelariis marTveli, baron<br />
nikolai gaxda amis winaaRmdegi; moixmo damsaxurebuli<br />
Renerlebi da urCia maT, rom amgvaris TxovniT ar SeewuxebiaT<br />
xelmwife da eTxovaT mxolod `kadetebis korpusi~<br />
tfilisSi. _ ra ganZraxva iyo da ra enaRvleboda barons,<br />
rom maRali saswavlebeli daarsebuliyo tfilisSi? im tipis<br />
dabal saswavlebels, rogoric [aris kadetTa] korpusi,<br />
xom umisoTac apirobden imxanebSi da Txovna raRa<br />
saWiro iyo?.. amis mizezs agixsniT, magram jer ki unda<br />
gadavuxvio ganze.<br />
erTxel megreliis Tavadma gamasinjvia misi biblioteka<br />
da werilebSi sxvaTaSoris vasil osifiC bebuTovis we-<br />
110
ilic Semxvda Semdegi Sinaarsis: `[mamao] daviT _ swerda<br />
daviT dadians _ Sen mogisurvebia, rom daviT aRmaSeneblis<br />
mibaZviT weliwadSi ormoc-ormoci axalgazda megreli<br />
gagzavno xolme ucxoeTisaken swavla-ganaTlebis misa-<br />
Rebad da rCevas me mekiTxebi? ra unda girCio mis meti,<br />
rom gons moxvide?! _ viri rom raSad gadaiqces, Tavs aRaravis<br />
gaaxedniebs. dRes Tu Sen mTavari xar, batoni da<br />
megrelebic gemorCilebian, es imitom, rom ara ician ra da<br />
raRai ki Sen ganaTlebas Seitan samegreloSi, maSin Sens<br />
mTavrobasac unda gamoeTxovoo~. sworeT am azris iyo<br />
adgilobrivi rusobac im dros saqarTvelos Sesaxeb da<br />
baron nikolaimac im ganZraxviT ar moisurva tfilisSi ma-<br />
Rali saswavlebeli! _ eh, ase iyo, Tu ise, axla raRa dros<br />
gamodgomaa, magram ise ki moxda maSin, rom qarTveloba<br />
orad gaiyo: zogs undoda maRali saswavlebeli da zogic,<br />
Renarlebis ayoliT, korpuss sjerdeboda. da saerTod<br />
gadaswyvites: rogorc axali Taobidan, ise Zvelidanac unda<br />
arCeul iyo oTx-oTxi kaci da imaT mindoboda saqme. _<br />
axali Taobis mxriT iyo i. TarxniSvili, akademikosi, maSin<br />
axalgazda da droebiT Camosuli CvenSi. xmebi Tanasworad<br />
gaiyo, magram Zvel Taobam gadaiyvana Tavisken axal-Taobis<br />
wevri b. RoRoberiZe da xmis umetesobiT korpusis<br />
daarseba iTxoves. _ am korpusSi marto mkvidri qarTveloba<br />
unda mieRoT xolme da arc es eWaSnikaT rusebs. mar-<br />
Talia, mefuri sityva ar gatydeba, magram Tavs ki Semoevleba<br />
da aqedan SeekiTxen umaRles mTavrobas: `mkvidrebad,<br />
marto qarTvelebi vigulisxmoT, Tu is rusebic,<br />
romelnic saqarTveloSi dabadebulan da gazdilano?~ _<br />
rusebico! _ mouvidaT pasuxi. _ es keTili, magram im Cinovnikebma<br />
raRa qmnan, ruseTidan rom col-SviliT Camodian<br />
saqarTveloSio? maTi Svilebi miviRoT korpusSi, Tu<br />
karebi dauketoTo? _ miiReTo! mouvidaT brZaneba. _<br />
eseni rom [gairiges], maSin aqve Seudgen sxva gvar xriks:<br />
didi moTxovnilebaa da sakonkurso ekzamenebi unda dav-<br />
111
niSnoTo!.. daniSnes da rasakvirvelia, qarTvels, Tu misi<br />
ded-mamis ojaxi gadarjulebuli ar iyo, ar iRebden. _ es<br />
erTi magaliTic sakmarisia mis dasamtkiceblad, Tu rogor<br />
mihyavdaT CvenSi swavla-ganaTleba am asis wlis ganmavlobaSi.<br />
_ grZnoba-goneba galayebuli qarTveloba daeca<br />
suliT da daadga gadagvarebas, ese igi, TviT arsebobis<br />
mosaspobel gzas. _ gadavideT mesame magaliTze _<br />
samsjavroebze.<br />
ruseTma rom axali reformebi SemoiRo Tavis saxelmwifoSi,<br />
saqarTvelosaTvis gadaasxvafera zogierTi ram<br />
kanoni, viTomda im ganZraxviT, rom adgilisa da istoriulis<br />
Sesaferad miudgeso, magram mTavari niSani sul sxva<br />
iyo: garuseba da garuseba!! meti ara feri!.. _ magaliTad,<br />
Sida ruseTSi msajuls xalxi irCevda TavisTvis, aq ki,<br />
CvenSi mTavroba niSnavda, rom sadave ar gaeSva xelidan. _<br />
iq nafici arCeuli msajulebi iyven, aq mTavroba niSnavda,<br />
da niSnavda misTanaebs, romelTac Cveni qveynisa da xalxis<br />
ara gaegebodaT ra!.. iq yvelas SeeZlo Tavis dedaenaze<br />
SeeCivla msajulisaTvis, rac awuxebda da gulSi edva. aq<br />
ki ueWvelad ucxo enazed, rusulaT gadaeca da Tu Tvi-<br />
Ton ver moaxerxebda, sxva vinme eSovna mis magier molaparake<br />
da saCivaric rusulad yofiliyo dawerili. am<br />
garemoebam iseT cecxlSi Cahyara xalxi, rom qveynis mcarcvel<br />
ablikatebs unda Cavardnoden xelSi, radganac nafici<br />
veqilebi TviTo-orola groSisTvis ar wamohyveboden<br />
[mTxovnelebs]. aman gaaRariba xalxi da miiyvana iqamdi,<br />
rom samarTali aRara swamda da ukuRmarTobis mona gaxda.<br />
sudisagan gamarTlebuli, SeeZlo administracias Tavis<br />
Tavad gaegzavna cimbirSi... daekarga. kidevac bevri<br />
Caidina amisTana saqme. _ Cven aq sami umTavresi cxovrebis<br />
sarbieli movitaneT samagaliTod, magram yovelgvari<br />
sarbieli, wvrilmanic ki, maxed hqonda xalxs dagebuli.<br />
yvelas erTad saocaris [iezuituris] SeTanxmebiT mihyavda<br />
erTi gziT, rom garusebis karamdi mieyvana. da am gvar-<br />
112
ma, mTeli saukunis, mecadineobam wes-wyobilebaSic unayofod<br />
ar Caiara: xalxi daeca suliT, xorciT da gairyvna. _<br />
misi gamobruneba, mxolod imas SeuZlian, rom isev ise gaqarTveldes<br />
da rac saukunoebiT keTilSesisxlxorcebia<br />
advilad ar [gaiSoros]. jer unda suliTa da xorciT amaRlden<br />
isev, rom mere, Tu sasargeblod dainaxven, kidec<br />
SeekavSiron rusebs Zala dautaneblad. eklesia unda damoukidebeli<br />
iyos da TviTon mouaros Tavis Tavs, rom es<br />
asi wlis ukuRmarToba gamoasworos. swavla-ganaTleba<br />
unda im eniT daviwyoT, romelic ufro esmis, deda eniT,<br />
ise rogorc pedagogika moiTxovs da ara enis amoglejiT!<br />
adgilobriv kanonebs pativi edvas da samsjavroebic maT<br />
xelSi iyos, rom samarTali da ara ukuRmarToba Semoqondes<br />
xalxSi! _ ai amas moiTxovs avtokefaliac da avtonomiac<br />
da ara imas, rom viTom qarTvelebs undodesT sul<br />
CamoSoreba, gancalkeveba an Tavis calke samefoze fiqri!<br />
amas an biurokratiuli cbiereba ityvis da an mtknari ugnureba!<br />
_ kaci imas unda eZebdes da hkidebdes xels, rac<br />
dro da Jams Seefereba da ara ocnebis nayofs! biji bijze<br />
unda gadaidgas!.. visac odaSi Sesvla unda, unda safexurebi<br />
erTi meoreze aiaros da ise miadges karebs, Torem<br />
xtunviT Sors ver wava!.. eseebi rac aq mogaxseneT, sneulsaqarTvelosaTvis<br />
[ ] 1 gvaqvs dasaxuli da [Tu] eseebi ver<br />
movipoveT, maSin unda gamoveTxovoT yolifers, magram<br />
unda gvaxsovdes ki Zveli andaza: `sjobs sicocxlesa naZraxsa,<br />
sikvdili saxelovanio~.<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
[1901]<br />
113
[social-demokratebi da maTi Sexedulebebi]<br />
as welze metia, rac saqarTvelo Zilma waiRo da dResac<br />
kidev buranSia. yovelgvar sarbielze bargSenasvams<br />
xandaxan, sam weliwadSi erTxel, roca kenWis yris dro<br />
mova, ZaldatanebiT gamoaWyetineben xolme Tvalebs da<br />
imasac mitom, rom kenWis keTilad moxmareba ar SeuZlia.<br />
rogorc axalgamoRviZebuls mzis sxivebi sWris Tvalebs<br />
da verasa hxedavs, ise sabralo Cveni xalxic veRar umar-<br />
Tavs Tvals dRevandeli cxovrebis Wiats, barbacobs,<br />
aqeT-iqiT exleba, areulobas axdens SinaurobaSi da vnebis<br />
meti vera moaqvs ra da ager naxevar saukuneze metia,<br />
rac arCevnobiTi ufleba moniWebuli gvaqvs, magram vera<br />
vxmarobT TviTon Cvenve, ukuR-marTad gamozrdilebi.<br />
kenWis yris ufleba jer-jerobiT mxolod samgvaria: mar-<br />
Slebis asarCevi, bankis mmarTvelobis da saxelmwifo sab-<br />
Wos deputatebis, am bolo xanSi SemoRebuli. marSlebis<br />
arCeva kuWzea damyarebuli: quTaisSi zuTxi sWris da tfilisSi<br />
ki TarTgelaqnuri, wyal-wyalaa da mitomac aras<br />
vityvi imaze, bankis amrCevlebis droSaze ase sweria:<br />
`aqamde sxvebi sWamden da axla kidev sxvebma sWamono~. arc<br />
amaTze Rirs xmis amoReba. dagvrCa mxolod mesame: kenWobia<br />
deputatis asarCevaT. aman samad gahyo qarTveloba:<br />
social-demokratebad, federalistebad da nacionalistebad.<br />
eseni erTsa da imave kurdRels misdeven. magram ise<br />
ki areviaT gza da kvali, rom erTmaneTs eRobebian win. es<br />
sami gundi erTmaneTis wevrs sasikvdilod ara hzogven da<br />
miT [amRvreven] Sinaur saqmeebs. axirebul monadiresaviT<br />
aq, Sin xelSi dasaWer Citebs uSveben da haerSi momfrinal<br />
qors ki misdeven dasaWerad da imasac uxerxulad, mxolod<br />
`hau! haus!~ SeZaxebiT. es wreebi samive momwons maTis gulwrfelobiT,<br />
magram arc erTs ar veTanxmebi savsebiT.<br />
114
aviRoT social-demokratebi _ ra aris maTi mimdevrebis<br />
miswrafeba? iseve, rac macxovris: xalxTa Soris kacobriobisadmi<br />
`Zmobis, erTobis da Tanasworobis~ mini-<br />
Weba, ese igi sasufevlis micema _ sadac arc erovneba da<br />
sisxlxorcoba da arc mter-moyvarobaa _ yvela Tanasworad<br />
iqneba bednieri. magram macxovarma rom es amqveynad<br />
[SeuZleblad] dainaxa, sasufeveli saiqios sikvdilis Semdeg<br />
mianiWa adamians da aq ki Tavisi moZRvreba sasufevlisTvis<br />
mosamzadebel iaraRaT dastova. social-demokratebma<br />
ki [TavianTi] surviliT aqve, am qveynadve moindomes<br />
saiqiodan qveynad gadmotana sasufevlis, sadac arc<br />
erovnoba aris da arc sxva ram qveyniuri moTxovnileba,<br />
garda Tanasworobisa da es ki SeuZlebelia. bunebis SemoqmedebiTi<br />
Zala qarxana da [maSina] rodia, rom yoliferi<br />
Tanasworad gamoiyvanos... is sxvadasxvaobis mSobelia da<br />
amiT aferadebs qveynierebas, rom mas mianiWos mSveniereba.<br />
uamisoT ra iqneboda qveyniereba? erTgvari ram, male<br />
mosawyeni udabno! movitanoT magaliTi. dedamiwa aTas<br />
kuTxed ganiyofeba: aRmosavleTad, dasavleTad, samxre-<br />
Tad da CrdiloeTad. TiToeuls maTgans Tavisi sakuTari<br />
el-feri aqvs da zegavlenac sxvadasxvanairi. mcenareobac<br />
sxvadasxvanairi izrdeba da cxovelic. erTi meorisas ara<br />
hgavs. amaTi erTimeored gardaqmna arafer Zalas ar SeuZlia.<br />
ase rom, saqarTveloSi Sobili yovelTvis qarTul<br />
el-feriT darCeba da imas ver gardaqmni, ver gaaeskimoseb<br />
ZalmomreobiT. gaerTianeba ki TanasworobiT, ZmobiT da<br />
siyvaruliT mosaxerxebelia. da ai, amas gviqadagebs qristianoba.<br />
qristes moZRvrebis mimdevari SeiZleba arabic<br />
iyos, elinic, iudevelic da sxvebic. sruliad saWiro ar<br />
aris maTi elferis Secvla da erovnebaze xelis aReba! is,<br />
vinc cdilobs, rom Tavisi samSoblo gaaZlieros mxolod<br />
gulwrfelis da keTilis samsaxuriT da mere ise Seuer-<br />
115
Tos msoflios, is mTel qveyanasac emsaxureba _ ai, ratom<br />
mwams me social-demokratoba da Cveni qarTveli socialdemokratebic<br />
erovnobas rom ar uaryofden da Tavis<br />
moZRvrebasac, im moZRvrebas, romelsac qriste mxolod<br />
siyvaruls udebs safuZvlad, xandaxan msxverpls ar udebden,<br />
srulis maTi Tayvanismcemeli viqnebodi.<br />
116<br />
akaki wereTeli<br />
[900-iani wlebi]
Ответ газете «Новое Время»<br />
Сотрудникам газеты «Новое Время» хотя и не возбраняется<br />
лгать, но не мешало бы и им помнить иногда поговорку:<br />
«Ври да знай меру!»<br />
В № 11122 этой «истинно-русской газеты помещена корреспонденция<br />
из Тифлиса, за подписью какого-то «Затерянного», озаглавленная<br />
довольно странным образом: «Охота на русских людей».<br />
Нет никакого сомнения, что автор этой невменяемой статьи хотел<br />
одним выстрелом повалить трех зайцев: грузин вообще обвинить<br />
в каком-то национальном сепаратистском стремлении, на меня<br />
указать, как на подстрекателя националистов, а местную власть<br />
облаял за, якобы, бездействие и попустительство.<br />
Вот как начинается его иеремиада: «Русским людям, не слившимся<br />
с кавказскими «освобожденцами», держащимся в стороне от<br />
политической вакханалии и не гнущим шеи под обнаглевшим кавказским<br />
национализмом, жить на Кавказе становится просто не под<br />
силу. При благосклонном участии местной печати травят их словно<br />
диких зверей. Устраивается настоящая охота, и намеченная жертва,<br />
в конце концов, падает от пули, кинжала или бомбы гнусного<br />
убийцы».<br />
Чтоб этой инсинуации придать более веса, корреспондент прошелся<br />
и по моему адресу:<br />
«В первом номере грузинской газеты «Хумара», вышедшем за<br />
подписью, как редактора-издателя, престарелого грузинского поэта<br />
кн. Акакия Церетели, был сделан далеко недвусмысленный кивок<br />
по адресу г. Шаврова и этого лже-доноса, да еще появившегося в<br />
газете такого популярного грузинского националиста, как Акакий<br />
Церетели, было вполне достаточно, чтобы прикончить Шаврова.<br />
Через несколько дней после появления подлой клеветы, оглашенной<br />
авторитетным князем, убийцы уже подкараулили Шаврова и т.д.<br />
Еще далее пишет: «Связь между статьей грузинской газеты и<br />
покушением на убийство Шаврова была настолько очевидна, что<br />
пресловутую «Хумару», по распоряжению генерал-губернатора,<br />
закрыли, а сиятельный редактор под конвоем был отправлен в<br />
тюрьму, откуда его, впрочем, на другой день выпустили».<br />
Несмотря на энергичный прием власти, которая без суда и<br />
следствия распорядилась отправить меня без объяснения причин «в<br />
метехский замок», корреспондент все-таки накидывается на мес-<br />
117
тную власть и, между прочим, говорит: «Людей нам дайте, людей,<br />
а не манекенов, занимающих их места из кавказской административной<br />
иерархии. Пора убрать и вашу чиновничью власть, дать<br />
приток свежего воздуха в затхлую атмосферу бюрократического<br />
лабиринта. А если мы уж так бедны людьми, так лучше совсем отказаться<br />
от Кавказа, лучше отдать его в собственность туземным<br />
автономистам, чем позориться и вести себя и других к гибели. Но<br />
нет, люди есть, не оскудела еще Россия — и Куропаткин найдет их,<br />
я в это пламенно верю».<br />
Прочитав всю корреспонденцию от начала до конца, поневоле<br />
приходишь к следующим заключениям:<br />
1) Русские делятся на две категории, из коих одни «истинно<br />
русские» люди, а другие — не истинно русские, к числу которых<br />
принадлежит и вся русская власть на Кавказе, сквозь пальцы<br />
смотрящая на действия грузинских автономистов и поддакивающая<br />
их сепаратистским стремлениям.<br />
2) Современное всероссийское освободительное движение —<br />
не что иное, как подвохи грузинских автономистов, мнящих освободиться<br />
от России и<br />
3) Я, как ярый националист, намечаю жертвы анархистам, и<br />
они тотчас же пускают в ход кинжалы, револьверы и бомбы!..<br />
Что все это значит?! Сон? Или галлюцинация больного? От<br />
сумасшествия никто не гарантирован, но для сумасшедших должны<br />
открываться двери больницы, а не редакций, да еще столичных!..<br />
Местная власть не нуждается в моей защите, я и не берусь, но<br />
насчет грузин грешно не сказать: в государственную думу Грузия<br />
послала в депутаты исключительно всех социал-демократов, которые<br />
не признают национальностей, стремятся к централизации и<br />
ими коноводит центральное русское бюро. И неужели это подтверждает<br />
все то, что говорит относительно грузин «Затерянный»?<br />
Чистосердечное желание грузин быть уравненными в правах с русскими<br />
и пользоваться законами наравне с ними без всяких изъятий,<br />
всегда говорящих не в пользу них, неужели и это преступно?.. Что<br />
же касается лично меня, то в виду налагаемого корреспондентом на<br />
меня непосредственного обвинения в подстрекательстве на убийство<br />
русских, поневоле поставлен в положение сказать следующее:<br />
14 го февраля текущего года, с разрешения цензурного комитета, я<br />
выпустил № 1 юмористической газеты «Хумара». Карикатуры все<br />
были процензированы, а в тексте не было ни одного слова нецен-<br />
118
зурного. Газета разошлась шибко. Это было в воскресенье, а на<br />
другой день, в понедельник, по совершенно случайному совпадению,<br />
учинено было нападение на какого-то Шаврова, о существовании<br />
которого я не знал и никогда в глаза его не видывал; только<br />
недавно узнал, что он сын того самого инженера Шаврова, который<br />
взялся устроить в Поти порт и бесцельно убухал несколько миллионов.<br />
Сам же он, сын, заведует в Тифлисе шелководческой станцией<br />
и, чтобы упрочить свое положение, приписался к «истиннорусским»<br />
и величает себя патриотом...<br />
Г. «Затерянный» вводит читателей в обман, указывая на какуюто<br />
связь между покушением на г-на Шаврова и арестом меня. Верно<br />
только одно: я до сего времени не знаю, за что меня отправили в<br />
метехский замок, а в час ночи полицмейстер по телефону сообщил<br />
смотрителю тюрьмы, что я свободен. Ни при аресте, ни при выпуске<br />
из тюрьмы не сказали мне ни слова о причинах! Вспомнив местную<br />
горькую оговорку: «До Бога высоко, до царя далеко!» Я смолчал,<br />
но это молчание, как я теперь вижу, приняли за знак согласия с<br />
моей стороны и обдали меня грязью на страницах «Нового<br />
Времени».<br />
Не зная, кто такой корреспондент «Затерянный» и не желая с<br />
ним связываться, обращаюсь к самому редактору, взявшему под<br />
свое покровительство этого, не говоря больше, странного человека,<br />
пересмотреть номер вышеупомянутого журнала «Хумара» и указать<br />
на статью, которая науськивает террористов на Шаврова, или<br />
кого бы то ни было. Если хоть что-нибудь из того, что пишет г.<br />
«Затерянный», окажется правдою, то я принимаю на себя вину и<br />
готов идти на распятие. Но если не окажется слова правды в целой<br />
иеремиаде, то пусть редактор исправит ошибку. Это я предоставляю<br />
его чести и совести. В противном случае, я принужден буду<br />
прибегнуть к суду чести, при чем медиаторское решение должно<br />
быть оглашено в печати.<br />
Акакий Церетели.<br />
1907<br />
119
aRsareba<br />
zogierTebi `somxiylapias~ meZaxian da usamarTloba<br />
rom Sevifero, SeuZlebelia. Cems grZnobas yovelgan da<br />
yovelTvis saxareba udevs sarCulad, mrwams qristes moZ-<br />
Rvreba da aravin mimaCnia samaritelad. Tanasworad vuyureb<br />
elinsa da iudians, rogorc adamianebs. yoveli eri, ra<br />
tomisac unda iyos, miyvars da TanavgurZnob, Tu Tavis<br />
qerqSi eteva da Tavisis erovnuli swori gziT midis!.. magram<br />
roca romelime eri marto Tavisas aRar sjerdeba da<br />
moindomebs sxva erebis daCagvriT amaRlebas, sxvisi ubedurebiT<br />
Tviss bednierebas da sxvisi CaylapviT gasuqebas,<br />
me im tomis TanagrZnoba ar SemiZlia! _ am SegnebiT<br />
gamovedi im TaviT cxovrebis sarbielze da am bargiTve<br />
mivdivar samarisaken. da raRa gasakvirvalia, rom somxebic,<br />
es Cveni qristiani mezoblebic, CvenTan erTad erT<br />
saqristiano tafaSi nawvav-nadagi miyvardes da TanavugrZnobde?..<br />
da maS raRa ufleba aqvT an simarTle vismes,<br />
rom me `somxiylapia~ damiZaxos? naTqvamia. `komli ucecxlod<br />
ar iqnebao!~ _ magram komlic aris da komlic, saxls<br />
rom boroti ganZraxviT cecxls waukideben _ boli avardeba,<br />
komli adis... sacecxlurSi rom sakmevels Cauyrian<br />
da ukmeven, an xats rom wminda sanTels aunTeben, komli<br />
maSinac adis, magram didi gansxvavebaa am or komls Sua:<br />
pirveli ukuRmarTobiTaa gamowveuli da meore ki — siyvaruliTa<br />
da sasoebiT!.. Cemi `somxiylapiobis~ komlic,<br />
egeb, am ukanaskneli komlis gvari iyos? gavsinjoT guldadebiT!<br />
Tu davujerebT istorias (da rom ar davujeroT,<br />
ra ufleba gvaqvs?), Cven winaprebs yovelTvis Zmuri<br />
ganwyobileba hqoniaT mezobel somxebTan da saukuRmar-<br />
To ram ara miuZRvisT ra maTdami, araerT gzis morwyula<br />
sasomxeTis midamoebi, maT momxmare da maTTvis Tavdadebul<br />
qarTvelebisagan mowameTa sisxliT. sityva rom ar<br />
gavaWianuroT, kmara isic, rom movixsenioT daviT aRmaSeneblis<br />
dro, meaTe saukuneSi da giorgi mesamis, meTorme-<br />
120
teSi, roca ocdaTxuTmetma aTasma meomar-qarTvelma Tavi<br />
dasdva anis qalaqSi. Wirveulebi metyvian: ra vuyoT mere,<br />
eg xom politikuri mosazreba iyoo? somxeTSi Semosuli<br />
mteri, roca somxebs daamarcxebda, mere xom saqar-<br />
Tvelosaken wamovidoda da am mosazrebam SeakavSira qar-<br />
Tvelebi somxebTano?!.. SeiZleba es marTalic iyos: umizezod<br />
qveyanaze ara hxdeba ra, magram rao mere? faqti xom<br />
faqtada rCeba da Zmuri kavSiri mainc arsebobs? da es kav-<br />
Siri, ase Tu ise gamowveuli, amtkiceben somxeb-qarTvelebis<br />
erTobas. saqarTvelom Tavisi mefoba, sarwmunoeba,<br />
erovnuli elferi da ena mecxramete saukunis karebamde<br />
moitana SeubRalavad da umwikvlod Caabara ruseTs. somxeTi<br />
ki wineT... bevraT ufro adre daemxo, rogorc samefo,<br />
da somxebi aqeT-iqiT gaibnen qveynis pirad. maSin erTi<br />
gundi moadga saqarTvelosac, magram Zalmomrevad ki ara<br />
cecxliTa da maxviliT... mxolod qristianuli simdabliT.<br />
qarTvelebi Seegeben Zmuris siyvaruliT, gauRes wiaRi da<br />
Seiyvanes saqarTveloSi rogorc mkvidri Svili, mianiWes<br />
yovel-gvari samoqalaqo ufleba, rac TviTon hqondaT:<br />
xarisxi, miwa-wyali, adgil-mamuli da mza-mzareuli eklesiebic<br />
ki. uTxres: aq moisveneT, SegvitkbeT Zmurad!.. amieridan<br />
Tqvenc saqarTvelos Svilebi iqnebiT!.. Cven xmliT<br />
xelSi sazRvrebze davdgebiT dRe da Rame mtrebis mosagereblad<br />
da Tqven ki uSiSrad mihyaviT xeli saswor-sazoms,<br />
radganac eg samsaxuric samefos erTgulebaa da misive<br />
saWirobao. orive mxare daTanxmda: visac ra emarjveboda,<br />
imas mohkida xeli da marTlac, gulSi Tu sxva rame<br />
edvaT dafaruli, es vin icis? magram mesamoce wlebamdi ki<br />
siam-tkbilobiT iyvnen erTmaneTTan, somxebic ZmebaT [...] 1 ,<br />
ase gasinjeT, rom rjulis sxvadasxvaferobac veras uSlida<br />
erTmaneTs. bevri qarTvelis Camomavalic aRiarebda<br />
grigorianelobas Tavis uflad da kanoni xels ar uSlida.<br />
moviyvanT magaliTs: irakli mefes erTi imereli SanSe<br />
1 teqsti ar ikiTxeba.<br />
121
gamyreliZe axlda, romelic Zalian uyvarda mefes vaJkacobisaTvis.<br />
erTxel ubrZana mefem:<br />
_ SanSe, mowyenili rada xaro?<br />
_ qali Semiyvardao! _ miugo darcxveniT.<br />
_ mere da ratom ar SeirTav?<br />
_ qali ar Sveba!<br />
_ rogor? ra dagiwuna: vaSkacoba, Tu Tval-tanadoba,<br />
rom ar uyvarxaro.<br />
_ arc erTi, Seni Wirime, magram somxis qalia da Cems<br />
rjuls erideba.<br />
_ meti araferi? isinic qristianebi arian! is Tu ar<br />
gadmodis, Sen gadadi mis rjulze da daiwere jvario.<br />
mefis brZaneba asrulda. dRes misi naSierebi SanSiaSvilebi<br />
arian. somxebaT aRiareben Tavs, ara Tu rjuliT, tomobiTac<br />
ki. amgvarive arian sxva gvarebic: duCiZe, muCaiZe,<br />
nakaSiani, xitaraSvilebi da sxvani.. da ras gveubneba yvelas<br />
es, Tu ara ukidures keTil-ganwyobilobas somxebTan.<br />
mesamoce wlebamde somxebsa da qarTvelebSi gansxvaveba<br />
ara yofila ra!..<br />
samocian wlebSi, kavkasioni rom daimorCiles da baton-ymobac<br />
gadavarda, xmals fasi aRara hqonda, xmalTan<br />
erTad daeca qarTvelobac. xmlis adgili fulma daiWira;<br />
qarTvelebs fuli ar hqondaT da rom hqonebodaT, mainc...<br />
moxmareba ar icoden. maSin CamoSorden erTmaneTs xmaldakarguli,<br />
gaRaribebuli [qarTvelebi] da fuliani somxebi.<br />
imaT erTmaneTis aRara gaegebaT ra!.. tyvila ki ar<br />
gvixatavs g. erisTavi erT Taviss komediaSi Semdegs: ufulo,<br />
ucbaT gakotrebuli qarTveli, Sedis erT fulian<br />
somexTan da xmals ugiravebs. somexi Tvals daaWyets da<br />
ambobs TavisTvis: `va! giJia?! rkinaSi oqros da vercxls<br />
Txovilobso!..~ qarTvelsac ukvirs: `es xmali papi Cemis<br />
naqonia, erT soflada Rirs da mas ki ramdenime groSis<br />
mocema ezarebao!..~ orive Tavisaze dgas da erTi meoris<br />
veRara gaugiaT ra!.. swored amisTana ors. mesamocian<br />
wlebSi gaCden saqarTveloSi ucxo qveynebidan somxebi da<br />
122
Tan Semoitanes TavianTi programac: imaT undodaT, rom<br />
sasomxeTis aRsadgenad aRTqmiTi qveyana moenaxaT da amnair<br />
qveyanad kidec miiCnies saqarTvelo. cxadia, rom rac<br />
male asruldeboda maTi survili, isa sjobda. oRond ki<br />
xelSi CaegdoT saqarTvelo syidviT, dagiravebiT, adgilebis<br />
xelSi CagdebiT. qalaqebSi gamravlebiT, Tu sxveb<br />
rogorme, arafer saSualebas ara hzogavden. maSin iyo,<br />
rom maTma yovelma wodebam ieriSi miitana gaocebul da<br />
pirdaRebul qarTvelobaze. rogorc cxovrebaSi vaWrobiT<br />
gamocdilma xalxma, saqmes Soridan mouares: iwyes misi<br />
damtkiceba, rom saqarTvelo istoriulad Tavis dReSi<br />
ar arsebulao da rasac saqarTvelos eZaxdnen, is sul<br />
somxeTi iyoo. am mosazrebiT simarTle gaTeles. maTi istorikosebi<br />
amtkicebden, rom saqarTvelos istoria ara<br />
aqvs da `qarTlis cxovreba~ SeTxzuli zRaparia da isic<br />
terterebisgano (profesori patkanovi). mecnierebi politikas<br />
ukiJinebden (ezovi, miasnikovi da sxvani) da rom<br />
meti gasavali hqonoda maT sityvas _ ucxo enaze sweren.<br />
upirvelesma maTma poetma, rafael patkaniancma, romelic<br />
`kagar-qatibaris~ psevdonimiT swerda, daswera erTi leqsi<br />
qarTvelebisadmi zizRiT savse. is leqsi abgar ionisianma<br />
`arZaganSi~ dabeWda. iq pirdapir iyo naTqvami: `wyeuli<br />
iyos is somexi, romelsac qarTveli ZiZa hyolodes da<br />
qarTvelis ZuZu ewovoso~. samRvdeloeba ambionidan hqadagebda,<br />
somxebs qarTvelebTan erToba nu geqnebaTo. SeCvenebuli<br />
iyos is somexi, romelmac qarTvelis ojaxSi an<br />
Seitanon mironi an gamoitanoso. imave dros cixe-darbazebze<br />
Zveli, <strong>qarTuli</strong> zed-warwera ifxikeboda da somxuri<br />
iwereboda. raRa Sors wavideT! guSin ar iyo, rom maT<br />
erT mejlisze warmosTqva maTma literatorma: `oci weliwadia<br />
saqarTveloSi var, magram mainc qarTulaT, im ZaRlebis<br />
enaze ar vlaparakobo~. rac CamovsTvaleT es iseTi<br />
WeSmaritebaa, rom gadaficva arRar moxerxdeba da, aba,<br />
erTi keTil inebon da gviCvenon somxebmac, rom romelime<br />
wodebis, anu wris qarTvels am gvari rame somxebis sawyeni<br />
123
da saukadriso rame wamoscdenodes ara Tu werilobiT,<br />
sityviTac ki!.. magas xom xalxi ar ambobs, kerZo pirebi<br />
ambobeno, gveubnebian da kargi Tavis marTlebaa! istorikosi,<br />
mecnieri, poeti, publicisti, samRvdeloeba, vaWroba<br />
da sxvani yvela laparakobs da vinRa darCa? yvela xom<br />
erTad veRar ilaparakebs. yoveli wridan, rasakvirvelia,<br />
TviTo laparakobs da sxvebi siCumiT bans aZleven da Tu<br />
Cven xma amoviReT da SevniSneT, somxis ylapiobas gvewamebian!<br />
`Seni miTxar da guli momikalio!~ _ aba, amazea<br />
naTqvami.<br />
124<br />
[1911]
[aTasjerac rom `somxiylapia~ damiZaxon]<br />
arian CvenSi dRes qarTvelebi, romelnic mxolod Taviss<br />
sakuTar piradobaze zrunaven. sakuWo rameebs gadahyolian<br />
da imdenad ki iCenen Tavs sazogado moRvaweobiT,<br />
ramdenadac gamodgeba sakuTrad maTTvis. imaT arc warsuli<br />
agondebaT Taviss qveynisa da arc momavali. `qveyana da<br />
qveynis saqme fexebzed hkidiaT~. am vaJbatonebma kargad<br />
ician, rom yovelive sakuWo saqme dRes somxebis xelSia da<br />
rogorc fulianmdidrebisgan, maTgan gamovals. Cvenebic<br />
imaT Secucqureben da roca somxebi `arasakadris~ saqmes<br />
Caidenen, eseni araTu sapirado gamoangariSebiT pirSi<br />
wyals igubeben, maT qomagebadac ki gamodian daurcxvenlad.<br />
Cven ki RmerTma agvaSoros es xeloba... aTasjerac<br />
rom `somxiylapia~ damiZaxon, me ki mainc mivuTiTeb im usamarTlobisken,<br />
romelic mamvneblad mimaCnia da ara mitom,<br />
rom me somxebi mZuls da maTi `ylapia var~. ara! mitom, rom<br />
isini miyvars da msurs, rom Cven Soris iseTive ganwyobileba<br />
iyos, rogoric winaprebs hqondaT. minda, rom amieridan<br />
maTTanac Zmurad xeli-xel Cakidebuli erTi swori<br />
gziT mivdiodeT momavlisaken, Torem cbiereba da erTmaneTis<br />
gadakideba Sors verc erTs [ver] wagviyvans. Cven<br />
qarTvelebi amovvardebiT da amiT arc imaT, somxebs SeematebaT<br />
ra!.. orives is mogviva, rasac `qilila da damana~<br />
Tavis erT zRaparSi gveubneba: `ori Sevardeni erT mtredze<br />
Cxubobden da mtredi ki orives qorma gamostaca~.<br />
akaki wereTeli<br />
[1911-1915]<br />
125
[akakis sityva giorgi saakaZis Sesaxeb]<br />
`guli, cnoba da goneba<br />
erTmaneTzeda hkidian;<br />
ra guli wava, igica<br />
wavlen da misken midian~, _<br />
gveubneba `vefxis-tyaosani~, da am mcireoden sityveb-<br />
Si didi msoflio sibrZnea gatarebuli!..aq guli ndomad<br />
da survilada aqvs naxmari rusTvels. _ adamiani, rac<br />
ufro maRal cnobisa da gonebis patronia, survilic misi<br />
maRalia, sazenao da maRlidan gadmohyurebs Tanamedroobas.<br />
Sors wasuls, maRal safexuramde asul kacs dablidan<br />
SevhyurebT Cven patara-kacunebi da savsebiT ara<br />
gvyavs gaTvaliswinebuli, patarad gveCveneba; simarTliT<br />
misi awon-gazoma maSin SegveZleba, roca Cvenc imis simaRlemde<br />
avalT da gverdSi amoudgebiT! magram Cven es ar<br />
SegviZlia da qvemodan SevgangaSebT da swored amis bralia,<br />
rom maRal grZnoba-gonebis patrons, zekacs Tan dasdevs<br />
Suri, mtroba da Zraxva mis TanamedroveTa. amis magaliTebs<br />
istoria gviCvenebs: ar yofila arsad, arc erT<br />
qveyanaSi misTana amaRlebuli mamulis Svili, rom masve<br />
Tanamedrove moZmeebs gansacdelSi ar CaegdoT: aristidosi,<br />
uangarobiT ganTqmuli, berZnebma samSoblodan<br />
gandevnes, meqrTamoba rom Seswames. niWieri mxedarT-mTavari<br />
koriolanusi, mxolod imitom, rom advilad daimor-<br />
Cila sabinielebi, Surma, rogorc qveynis maRalate, romidan<br />
gaaZeva. uTvalavia magaliTi...magram ra saWiroa ucxo<br />
qveynebis gadaTvaliereba maSin, rodesac Cvens samSoblo-<br />
Siac, am patara saqarTveloSic yofilan msoflio gmirebi<br />
da igive ganucdiaT, rac sxvebs sxvagan... aviRoT giorgi<br />
saakaZe, didmouravad wodebuli. rom `vefxis-tyaosani~<br />
imaze wineT ar yofiliyos dawerili, is TviT cocxali<br />
tarieli gvegoneboda. garegnoba misi, mcneba-goneba, ndoma-survili<br />
da maTi sisruleSi moyvana daujerebeli iyo!..<br />
126
zRapruli! raRac saocnebo! mtrebic da moyvrebic Tanasworad<br />
gvixataven. ai, ras amboben misi meistorieni:<br />
1) `iyo kaci ese _ ambobs somexTa meistorie araqeli,<br />
_ sruli saqmiTa, ganZraxviTa, gonieri yvela saqmeSi, warmosadegi,<br />
Ronieri, tanadi, didi mebrZoli, uZleveli SemmarTebeli<br />
da visac is brZolas gaumarTavda, is yovel-<br />
Tvis iyo damarcxebuli da Tavis mopirdapire mxedrobas,<br />
viTarca mxalsa aRxocda da gahfantavda dedamiwaze~.<br />
`fSvinavda mrisxanebis dros, _ ambobs igive araqeli,<br />
_ viTarca cxeni mebrZoli da SesZaxebda viTarca lomi,<br />
viTarca geniis mfSvinavi veSapi~.<br />
2) `garna ese mouravi giorgi iyo mxne, axovani, Zlieri<br />
ZaliTa da SemarTebuli uSiSi~, _ ambobs vaxuSti.<br />
3) ioseb Tbilelis sityviT: `amisi erTi Sexedva arevda<br />
da gahfantavda jars~.<br />
4) peisonelis sityviT: `is iyo didi diplomati da<br />
Rrmad mcodne adamianis Tvisebisa da gulisa~.<br />
ai, ras amboben masze Sinauri Tu gareSe istorikosebi!<br />
da es yoliferi saqmiTac daamtkica saakaZem.<br />
sakvirvelia, amisTana patara samefom, saqarTvelom,<br />
rogor warmoSoba ase gauzomeli `tarieli gmirTagmiri?~<br />
jer sanam amaze pasuxs mogcemdeT, neba miboZeT, rom<br />
mivmarTo Cvens istorias da daviwyo mexuTe saukunidan.<br />
vaxtang gorg-aslanma bevri saganZuri Semoitana Cvens<br />
istoriaSi da im saistorio memkvidreobas Rirseulad dauxvda<br />
meaTe saukuneSi daviT aRmaSenebeli: ganwminda<br />
mtrebisagan saqarTvelo da mitomac xalxma da istoriam<br />
uwoda mas `aRmaSeneblad~ da, mitom ki ara, rom is aSenebda<br />
cixe-darbazebs, monastrebs, xidebs, gzebs da sxvaTa. ara!<br />
imitom, rom iman aaSena mTeli saqarTvelo da gaadiada<br />
mTeli samefo. <strong>qarTuli</strong> Tqmulobaa: `mama Svilisagan unda<br />
iTavsebodeso~. e. i. rac mamam ver moaswros da daakldes,<br />
is Svilma unda Seavsoso. da, marTlac, daviT aRmaSeneblis<br />
Camomavloba asrulebda am naTqvams: Svili mamas aTavsebda,<br />
TandaTan umatebden Zlierebas da Zalze gaZliere-<br />
127
uli samefo gadasces Tamar mefes. ojaxis simdidre da<br />
bedniereba yovelTvis diasaxlisia, mamasaxlisis ki _ gareT<br />
moxveWa da Sin Semotana. ojaxSi Semonatanis Senaxva,<br />
movla da gawesrigeba diasaxlisis valia. es aris cxovrebis<br />
yovel-dRiuri sazogado kanoni! am istoriul mamasaxlisebsac<br />
Sesafer, istoriul diasaxlisad dauxvda Tamari;<br />
moixmara da gaawesriga mama-papaTa monagvari. Tamari orbunebovani<br />
iyo; imaSi marto diasaxlisi ki ar isaxeboda,<br />
imave dros mamasaxlisebis SenaZens, xmliT xelSi mravali<br />
Sehmata da mitomac qveyanam da istoriam aRiara is mamakacis<br />
wodebiT: Tamar-mefed da ara Tamar-dedoflad. ase<br />
Tu ise, mis xelSi saqarTvelom miiRo msoflio mniSvneloba,<br />
gaZlierda, gadidda da aseTi samkvidro daugdo STamomavlobas,<br />
rom misi sikvdilis Semdeg Tumca sul ukanukan<br />
midis yoveliferi... irRveva samefo, magram jer kidev<br />
mainc ar gaTavebula da kidev Rafavs suls sasicocxlod.<br />
Tamaris sikvdilis Semdeg gaZlierden monRolebi, advilad<br />
daipyres mTeli azia. zarsa scemdnen evropasac da<br />
rogorc patara, urC saqristianos, Semoesien saqarTvelos.<br />
did gansacdelSi Caagdes, magram sruliad mosaspoblad<br />
rom veras gaxdnen marto xmliT, gaayoles politikac,<br />
qveynis amrevi, Sinagan ganxeTqilebis da moRalateobis!<br />
es politikuri xrikebi gaujda nel-nela Zvalsa da<br />
rbilSi qarTvelobas da miiyvana iqamde, rom saqarTvelos<br />
zeda-piri gaxunda. garyvnilma da gulgadabrunebulma<br />
did-kacobam: erisTavebma, didebulebma da Tavadebma miiyvanes<br />
samefo meTeqvsmete saukuneSi ufskrulis karamde.<br />
erTi biji kidev da saqristiano samefo, odesme didebuli,<br />
CainTqeboda samaradisod. ra iyo am xrwnilebis mizezi<br />
da an ram gadaarCina is gansacdels?<br />
im dros saqarTvelos didkacoba orad iyofoda:<br />
1. soflel Tavad-aznaurobad, romelsac aRaraferi<br />
Zala aRara hqonda...aRaraferi gavlena! da dabal wodebasTan<br />
iyo dakavSirebuli rjuliTa da SromiT.<br />
128
2. sasaxlis Tavad-aznaurobad, eseni sasaxlis karze<br />
izrdeboden. Sediodnen Sahis jarSi mosamsaxured da didkacdeboden.<br />
da mitomac zne, Cveuleba, xasiaTi da erTguleba<br />
sparselebisa hqondaT. samSoblo — saqarTvelos<br />
egulgrileboden. ise uyurebden mxolod rogorc saWmos<br />
da qveynis marTvis sadave ki imaT xelSi iyo. cxovrebis<br />
Carxsac isini atrialebden. rasakvirvelia, sparseTis politikas<br />
xels umarTavda da es gadarjulebuli zedapiri,<br />
daCagrul meore naxevar qarTvelobas Tavis nebaze atrialebda.<br />
es Tav-aRebuli didebulebi mefes Tavs aRar<br />
udebden da SfoTi hqondaT erTmaneTSi. xSirad gareSe<br />
mtrebi SemohyavdaT momxred da aoxrebden saqarTvelos.<br />
is iyo kinaRam bolo moeRo samefos! Tu ar saswauli ram,<br />
anu sakvirveleba, vera gadaarCenda ra! da kidevac moevlina<br />
sakvirveleba! es iyo didi mouravi saakaZe!..<br />
xan da xan xes daWraqavs da maRla Stoebi uxmeba. ara<br />
Tu yvavili da nayofi aRarsad aris, foTlebic ki scvivian.<br />
erTi SexedviT, TiTqos gamxmariao, magram ara! xe kidev<br />
ar waiqceva, Tu ki fesvebi,is fesvebi, uCinrad Rrmad<br />
rom arian Camjdari miwaSi da qveSidan sazrdos awoveben<br />
xes, ar dazianebulan. gamxmar Stos magier, fesvebis wyalobiT<br />
amoiyrian axali Stoebi da xe isev kalapotSi Cadgeba.<br />
asea cxovrebac... cxovrebis xe, erovnobis Zalas,<br />
rogorc fesvebi, is dabali wodeba Seadgens, Tu gauxrwnelia.<br />
ise mouvida saqarTvelosac. im dros, roca zedapiri...<br />
maRali wodeba sruliad gaxunebuli iyo, qveda piri,<br />
anu dabali wodeba, Wirsa da vaebaSi gamobrZnili,<br />
gamofoladebuli, magarze idga da moeloda mxolod axal<br />
Stos, axal nergs. nergs Tavis Tavze amonayars da kidevac<br />
ausrulda survili.<br />
Suagul qarTlSi scxovrobda erTi mcire aznauri,<br />
gvarad saakaZe da saxelad SioSi, romelmac gamozarda<br />
oTxi Svili erTi meorezed ukeTesi, magram erTi maTgani<br />
giorgi ki sakvirveleba ram iyo. jer isev bavSvi iwvrTneboda<br />
mefe svimon didis razmSi da sagmiro saqmeebiT ak-<br />
129
virvebda qveyanas da ocda oris wlisas xelT epyra mTavar-sardloba.<br />
jer dResac kidev bevrs did ramed miaCnia<br />
Camomavloba da gvariSviloba, da raRa unda yofiliyos<br />
is, vinc miuxedavad wlovanebisa da gvariSvilobisa, TavSi<br />
moeqca am gazviadebul Tavad-didebulT!? amisTana iyo<br />
axalgazrda giorgi saakaZe, romelTan dajdomasac ver<br />
bedavden misda neba-daurTvelad didebulebi. svimonis<br />
sikvdilis Semdeg, mefe giorgim is miuCina msaxurad da megobrad<br />
axalgazrda memkvidres luarsabs. Sah-abazisagan<br />
mowamluli giorgi rom miicvala da mefoba axalgazrda,<br />
gamoucdel luarsabze gadavida, samefo saqmeebi did<br />
mouravs Cauvarda xelSi da is saocaris gamWriaxobiT ganagebda<br />
luarsabis saxeliT. miual adgilebSi scxovrobden<br />
osebi da TviTon ki xSirad Camodiodnen barad da<br />
uSiSrad aoxrebdnen saqarTvelos. radganac klde da Rreebi<br />
iyo iq, mTis arwivebis sadgomi da iq misvla egonaT, SeuZlebeli<br />
iyo, SiSis zariT atanili iyo yvela. didma mouravma,<br />
moulodnelad gailaSqra maTze, elvis siswrafiT<br />
gaiara is miuvali gzebi, Seesia dvaleTs da gaavlo musri.<br />
im dRidan damorCildnen osebi da gaxden monad da moxarked<br />
qarTlisa. roca moicala, mere miaqcia yuradReba didebulebs<br />
da ise alagma, rom erTi meores veRaras erCoden<br />
da emorCilebodnen mefes. erTi sityviT, mis xelSi<br />
dRiTi-dRe Zlierdeboda samefo.<br />
luarsabma, suliTa da guliT mindobilma did mouravze,<br />
moindoma misi ufro daaxloveba da sTxova da, colad<br />
rom SeerTo. SorsmWvreteli mouravi mixvda, Tu ra unda<br />
mohyoloda sabolood amas da uarze dadga. samjer gaawbila<br />
migzavnili mociqulebi; ubralo ojaxis Svilia Cemi<br />
da, an Tqveni ra sakadrisia, mefis, da an qveyana rogor<br />
ikadrebs dedoflado da es usiamovnebas Camoagdebs<br />
CvenSio! magram, mefe rom aRar moeSva da gadaWriT uTxra:<br />
`Tu ar SevirTav, Tavs moviklao~, maSin ki, meti gza rom<br />
aRar iyo, CamoarTva fici, rogorc mefes, ise dedamisdedofalsac:<br />
`rom arc Seni da rodesme gaviSoro da Sen<br />
130
ame gagiWirvoo~. _ daiwera mefem jvari da Seudga gancxromas.<br />
yoliferi keTilad midioda jer, magram dro<br />
rom gavida, trfialebis survilic moikla axalgazrda<br />
luarsabma. didebulTa Surma da miZinebulma mtrobam<br />
isev iCina Tavi. colebi da qaliSvilebi esayvedurebodnen<br />
Zmebsa da qmrebs: `Cven ar SegviZlian, rom viwamoT dedoflad<br />
da Tayvani vsceT viRac ugvaros Svilsao~. isedac<br />
gulCaTuTqul didkacobas raRa es eWirveboda?! Semoexvien<br />
mefes, dRiTi-dRe awveTebden yurSi mouravisadmi<br />
samtro-saginebel sityvebs! yvelaze ufro hSfoTavda da<br />
scdilobda, im droSi ganTqmuli, veragi, luarsabis gamzdeli<br />
Sadiman baraTaSvili. da dRes xvaliobiT kidec miaxwies<br />
mizans. mefe veRar gaumagrda samefos karis kacebs<br />
da moiSora coli. aman Camoagdo usiamovneba mefesa da<br />
mouravs Soris. am usiamovnebas daubera yovel kuTxiT<br />
did-kacobam, gaizarda mtroba da iqamdi miaRwia, rom mefemac<br />
gaimeta misi moamage: rac gindaT, is uyaviTo. didebulebi<br />
miesien mosaklavad. ojaxi auoxres, Zma moukles,<br />
deda gauupatiures da isic unda moeklaT... magram, am ganxorcielebulma<br />
tarielma gadairCina Tavi. col-SviliT<br />
Seafara Tavi sparseTs da iq iwyo axali cxovreba. _<br />
tyuilad ki ar ambobs avTandilze rostevan: `Tu Seni Tavi<br />
Sen gaxlavs, yaribad ar megulebio~. mouravma ucxoobaSi<br />
miiCina Tavi: mokle xanSi xelT igdo mTavar-sardloba,<br />
daumonava Sahs mravali qveynebi, gadidkacda, gaZlierda,<br />
gamdidrda da daumegobrda TviT didebul Sahabazs. erTi<br />
sityviT, rac ki piradobisaTvis saWiroa, yoliferi hqonda,<br />
magram ar kmayofildeboda! es yoliferi misTvis ucxo<br />
iyo da gareSe! erTi ram hqonda gulSi CarCenili da CrCiliviT<br />
hRrRnida saidumlod. es iyo misi samSoblo —<br />
saqarTvelo, romlis erT Tvalis gadavlebas anacvalebda<br />
mTels miss sapirado bednierebasa. da aha, amasac, bedi iyo<br />
Tu ubedureba misi, moeswro.<br />
ZvelTaganve sparselebi iCemebdnen qarTl-kaxeTis batonobas,<br />
magram es iyo mxolod carieli sityva...saxeli,<br />
131
Torem arc Sinagan saqmeebSi, marTva-gamgeobaSi, arc xazinaSi<br />
da arc sxva rameSi ar ereoden, ar exeboden. Cven mxolod<br />
Cvenis nebiT vuZRvnidiT ZRvens da isic xalaTs. Zneli<br />
saTqmelia, Tu romeli meti iyo? ramdenad xelSeuxebeli<br />
iyo sparseTisagan Sinagani wes-wyobileba saqarTvelo-<br />
Si, is SegviZlia vigulisxmoT SemdegiT: kaxeTis mefe<br />
aleqsandre sul imas Cioda: `ase gamravlda da moSenda<br />
xalxi kaxeTSi, rom sanadiro adgili aRarsad mrCebao~, _<br />
im droSi garegnuli qristianoba mefeebis fanatikosobamde<br />
iyo miweuli da politikaSi ki kuWis iqiT ar midioden.<br />
eukadrisebodaT mahmadianTa valloba da Soreul saqristianos,<br />
ruseTs epotineboden. hqondaT gaxurebuli miwer-mowera,<br />
rom TaTrebis batonobas gadagvarCineT da<br />
Tqven modiT, `geymobiT da gvepatroneTo~. genioss Sahabazs<br />
es ar gamoepara da, rasakvirvelia, winaaRmdegi iyo<br />
amisi. is darwmunebuli iyo, rom sanam kavkasiis simagreebi<br />
TaTrebis, an megobar-qarTvelebis xelSi iqneboda, sparseTsac<br />
ara uWirda ra, magram Tu qarTvelebi rusebs moiyvanden<br />
da rusebi Cadgeboden mkvidrad sparseTis sazRvrebze,<br />
maSin safrTxe eloda TviT sparseTs. oTxasis<br />
wlis wineT gaiTvaliswina is, rac dRes emarTeba!..bevri<br />
imecadina, magram ver CaSala mefeebis ganZraxva. moindoma<br />
qarTvelebis gaTaTreba, magram luarsabis da qeTevanis<br />
wamebis Semdegac, rom darwmunda, es ar moxerxdebao, politikuris<br />
gamoangariSebiT, moindoma, rom sul amofxvras<br />
deda-miwis zurgidan saqarTvelo da maT nacvlad<br />
daasaxlos TaTrebi. meti gza aRar rCeboda ra!... es rom<br />
gadaswyvita, Sehyara did-Zali jari gamosagzavnaT saqar-<br />
TveloSi. es saidumloeba Sahis Seityo didma mouravmac,<br />
rogorc guliTadma megobarma Sahisam, Seityo da moekida<br />
cecxli. gadawyvita gonebaSi, rom rogorme eSvelebia ganwiruli<br />
samSoblosTvis. moaxsena Sahs, rom me Segisruleb<br />
mag gulSi nadebso da wamouZRva jars sxva sardlebTan<br />
erTad da Svili ki misi, paata, diax gamoCenili kaci sparseTSi,<br />
dastova mZevlad. es saidumlo mouravma gaando<br />
132
ors kidev sxvasac. jer kidev jari ar daZruliyo sparse-<br />
Tidan, rom saakaZem moswera werili kaTalikozs zaqarias,<br />
gavlenian pirs da wilknel mirmanozs, rom mas unda xsna<br />
saqarTvelosi da mospoba sparsTa jaris. `momeciT mxari,<br />
gamiZRoleT Tqveni locva-kurTxeva da miiReT Cemgan Cemi<br />
xmali, guli da sicocxleo~. es saidumlo jer-jerobiT<br />
marjve dromdi imarxeboda am samTa Sua. _ saakaZe Camohyva<br />
sparselebs, rogorc momxre da gankargulebis mimcemi.<br />
daqsaqsa, daanawila mTavari jari, daayena aqa-iq viTomda<br />
gzis Sesakravad, rom SuaSi momwyvdeuli qarTvelni ve-<br />
Rar wauvideT. yoliferi rom moimzada, mere gautyda<br />
zurab erisTavsac. zurab erisTavi im droSi iyo erTi<br />
uZlieres didebulTagani da eWira sparselebis mxari.<br />
rogorc colis-Zmasa da misgan gazrdil-gamowvrTnils,<br />
auxsna gulSi nadebi da urCia, rom eRalatna sparselebisaTvis<br />
da gamoexsna samSoblo. ver imtkica zurabma da<br />
mizezad is moidva, rom ratom iqav, sparseTSive ar gamimxile<br />
eg ambavio, rom col-Svili iq ar damegdoo? magram<br />
roca mouravma daaSoSmina, rom Cemi sayvareli pirmSo<br />
paata iq davagde mZevlad da vici, rom sparselebi xeirs ar<br />
daayrian, magram raRa mosagonia an col-Svili, an sxva<br />
rame qveyniuri dideba, roca samSoblo gansacdelSia da<br />
Svelas iTxovs!? marTalia, Sen cols dahkargav, magram<br />
samagierod me SegrTav luarsab mefis das da maSin gaxdebi<br />
ara Tu marto samefo saxlis wevrad, qarTlis memkvidre-<br />
Tac kio. amisTanebiT daiyolia erisTavi da daudva sparselebis<br />
saRalatod, paemnad xareba-dRe! im dilas unda<br />
Semoseoda da dareoda sparselebs erisTavi.<br />
mere gadavida kaxeTs, viTom yorCi-xanis jarebis dasaxedavad;<br />
saidumlod inaxula kaxeTis gmiri aslaniSvili,<br />
qeynisTvis Tavdadebuli, gamoutyda imasac da paemnad daudva<br />
xareba-dRe, im dRes unda miSveleboda misis jariT.<br />
TviTon ki marto oTxi kaciT darCa yorCi-xanis jarSi.<br />
eseni iyvnen: misi Svili avTandil, mesxi ilia diasamiZe,<br />
paata xerxeuliZe da papuna da unda daewyo saqarTvelos<br />
133
gamoxsna. _ windawin xma daayrevina saakaZem, rom Teimuraz<br />
mefe modis imerlebiTa da rusebis didi jariTo. xareba<br />
dila rom gaTenda, es xuTi SeTqmuli niSans eZebda da<br />
gamocqvites yuri. aha, moesmaT raRac ucnauri xmauroba.<br />
Turme zurabs mieca pirSi sayviri jariskacebisaTvis da<br />
isini aZaxebdnen Soridan. am xmas bans aZlevdnen mTebi da<br />
kldeebi...iyo erTi zari da zaTqi. sparselebs Teimurazi<br />
egonaT rusebiTa da imerlebiT. SeSinden da Semoexvien<br />
saakaZes. qarTvelebi, SeTqmulebi, gaqvavebulsaviT idgen<br />
da rodesac yorCi-xanma hkiTxa mouravs: es ra unda iyoso,<br />
_ ai rao, _ upasuxa mouravma da sasikvdilod aZgera<br />
Subi. maSin iSiSvles xmali qarTvelma gvarebma da Tvalis<br />
daxamxamebamdi daayrevines Tavebi erTad Segrovil sardlebs.<br />
zardacemuli jari gons veRar movida, es xuTi kaci<br />
ki hmusravda mters. moaswro erisTavma misis mTiulebiT<br />
da saerisTavoTi da Seiqmna Jleta. movida aslaniSvilic<br />
da moxda is, rasac agviweren meistorieni: qarTvelebi<br />
gons ver mosul mtrebs hkepden, rogorc mxals. aq<br />
rom srulad amoswyvita sparselebi, saakaZem miaSura sxvagan<br />
da sxvagan misganve dayenebul sparselebs da mosrisa.<br />
aiRo Tbilisi, saidanac mxolod svimon mefe, sparselebisagan<br />
dayenebuli, gaeqca. ase rom, mcire xnis ganmavloba-<br />
Si, ise gaswyda sparselebi, rom maTi xsenebac aRar iyo<br />
saqarTveloSi. am saocarma ambavma kidev ufro aamaRla<br />
didi-mouravi xalxis TvalSi. midioda masTan da gars exvevoda<br />
axal-gazrdoba da dabali wodeba; imisi xleba da<br />
imasTan sikvdili miaCndaT netarebad. dRiTi dRe izrdeboda<br />
saqarTvelo.<br />
gul-damSvidebulma Sinagan saqmeebs mihyo xeli da mouSuSa<br />
wyluli saqarTvelos. qveyana aRiarebda imas mefezedac<br />
udidesad, erTi misi survili da did-mouravma<br />
icoda, rom qarTl-kaxeTis mefoba mis xelT iyo, magram,<br />
SorsmWvretelma, gonierma dev-gmirma icoda, rom rac<br />
xalxs saukunoebiT SeuTvisebia, Sesisxlxorcebia da<br />
rwmenad gadaqcevia, imas erTi wamis aRfrTovaneba da ata-<br />
134
ceba, ver gaaqrobs sabolovod. _ qveyanas swamda, rom<br />
bagrationTa gvari zeciT iyo nakurTxi samefod da mitomac<br />
gadmoiyvana saTaTreTidan, gadavardnili Teimurazmefe<br />
da Caabara qarTl-kaxeTi. TviTon amoudga gverdSi<br />
da Teimurazis saxeliT adidebda saqarTvelos. dadga<br />
saukeTeso bednieri dro saqarTvelosi. es yoliferi<br />
guls uklavda verag Sah-abazs da eZebda marjve dros. da<br />
roca ixelTa, gamogzavna saqarTveloSi pirvandelze ufro<br />
didi jari javris amosayrelad. wel-gamagrebul qar-<br />
Tvelobas axla aRara uWirda ra, da dauxvda momgereblad.<br />
swored am dros mohyva marabdis omi. _ dRemdi, sanam<br />
gaWirveba iyo, yvelafers saakaZes ekiTxeboden da axla,<br />
misis wyalobiT rom welSi gaimarTen, did-kacobam mihmarTa<br />
isev Zvelebur intrigebs: moaxsenes mefes: mTavarsardali<br />
Tqven unda brZandebodeT da Tqven aZlevdeT<br />
omSi gankargulebaso! vin aris saakaZeo? Tqven wagviZexiT<br />
da mivesioT sparselebs axlaveo! mefemac ikisra. _ tyvilad<br />
afrTxilebda saakaZe: sifrTxile gvmarTebso! ra<br />
gvaCqarebs? egeni modian Cvenze da dee, Cven davxvdeT simagreebSi<br />
da safrebSio! damxvduri... Casafrebuli yovel-<br />
Tvis erTi-orad Zlieria mimsvlelzeo! da amisTana papanaqebaSi<br />
mainc ra dros brZolaao (ivlisi iyo). sparselebi,<br />
rogorc cxeli qveynis Svilebi, miCveulni arian sicxes da<br />
Cveni mTiulebi ki, rogorc sigrilis Svilebi, daTenTilebi,<br />
veRar iomebeno. ar daujeres da asrulda winaswarmetyveleba:<br />
erT samad metma sparselebma Semohkres irgvliv<br />
daRaluli qarTveloba. TaTrebs TandaTan ematebodaT<br />
axali jari da daerien qarTvelebs. saamayoa maSindeli<br />
Tavganwirva da vaJkacoba, magram raRas gaawyobda<br />
ricxvmraval mterTan... gawyda qarTveloba, moikla uke-<br />
Tesi sardlebi, maT ricxvSi gamoCenili aslaniSvili, ori<br />
mRvdelmTavari... dasWres zurab erisTavi, magram brZolas<br />
mainc ar eReboda bolo. am dros gavarda xma, rom<br />
Teimuraz mefe mohkleso, maSin ki gautyda guli qarTvelobas.<br />
marTalia, mokluli gamodga Teimuraz muxran ba-<br />
135
toni da ara Teimuraz mefe, magram mainc guli gautyda<br />
jars da irgvliv Semokruli, gasaqcev gzas rom veRar hxedavden,<br />
miiRes wminda ziareba da emzadeboden gmirulad<br />
sasikvdilod. am omSi moikla cxra aTasi qarTveli. sparselebi<br />
ToTxmeti aTasi, magram uricxv jars amiT mainc<br />
ara daklebia ra. am dros mihmarTa mouravma ukanasknel<br />
saSualebas: moixmo colis Zma daTuna erisTavi da Svili<br />
Tavisi, gaimagra mxari da gadavarda sparselebis razmSi,<br />
Sehkivla, gaapo sisqe da gaukeTa gza gasasvleli daWrilebs.<br />
gadarCen daWrilebi sikvdils, magram mainc marabdis<br />
omma bolo mouRo qarTvelobas. mefe gaixizna, didebulebi<br />
vinc ki gadarCen, ganze gadgen da miatoves asaklebad<br />
saqarTvelo. ar damorCilda mxolod saakaZe: imas Tan<br />
axlda samoci ganTqmuli vaSkaci, piradi megobrebi, da axla<br />
sxva rom aRara moxerxdeboda ra, ieriSobas mihyo xeli.<br />
ecemoda Tavze xan aq, xan iq sparselebs da ar aZlevda<br />
mosvenebas... gauWirva maT saqme.<br />
Sah-abasi axla ase aRar mrisxanebda saqarTveloze,<br />
rogorc piradad saakaZeze. mosWra Tavi miss Svils paatas<br />
da, tomaraSi gamoxveuli, gamougzavna mamas!<br />
saqarTvelos did-kacobas dauwyo qalaCunoba da mefesac<br />
moswera samliqvnelo werilebi: `me mxolod saakaZis<br />
dasja minda, da sxvas aravis verCio!~ es yvelas ejera garda<br />
saakaZisa da is ar anebebda Tavs TareSobas.<br />
dRiTi-dRe izrdeboda da matulobda saTareSo jari<br />
da marcxi marcxze mosdiodaT sparselebs. mousvenrobaSi<br />
Cavarda saqarTvelo. maSin Tbilelma mitropolitma<br />
dionosem sTxova, gaTaTrebuls da sparselebisagan mefed<br />
dasmuls, svimon mefes: neba miboZe, me davamSvido mouravio!<br />
wavida mouravTan, Tan iaxla trofile mcxeTis mRvdelmTavari,<br />
mividen mociqulebi, daiCoqes saakaZis win da<br />
sTxoves:`didi xania varT SeCveuli sparsTa monobas da Sen<br />
dagvanebe Tavi, nu ebrZvi maT, nu iwvev Cvens Tavze maT<br />
mrisxanebas... sada gvaqvs Zala, rom imaT gavuZloTo?~<br />
mouravma upasuxa: `maSin davanebeb Tavs, roca saqarTve-<br />
136
loSi sparseli aRar iqnebao~. wyevla-krulviT gamobrunden<br />
mRvdel-mTavrebi. radganac mefec am azrisa iyo, moxda<br />
ganxeTqileba: mTeli qarTli orad gaiyo: erTi mxriT<br />
idga mefe da didkacoba da meoreTi saakaZe misis TanamoazreebiT<br />
xel-ketian dabal-wodebiT. _ aman gamoiwvia<br />
bazaleTis omi. am `bazaleTis~ oms unda gadaewyvita<br />
saqarTvelos arseboba Tu ar arseboba! Zma Zmis sisxlsa<br />
hRvrida sparselebis sasargeblod!.. mouravi grZnobda am<br />
omis aucileblobas, magram imave dros ezareboda moZmeT<br />
sisxlSi xelis gasvra da TviTon aRar gaeria brZolaSi;<br />
Tavis magivrad Sesva Tavis cxenze mesxi gogoriSvili,<br />
axovani gmiri, Caacva Tavisi tanisamosi, aRWurva Tavis<br />
iaraRiT da SeuSva omSi. _ ramdenime kacs zurabis jarTagan<br />
piri SeekraT, rom RalatiT mohklan mouravi. mouravi<br />
egonaT da mohkles gogoriSvili. Seiqmna Zaxili:`mouravi<br />
mokleso!~ da aman daayrevina mouravis momxreebs iaraRi.<br />
maSinve ikadra mouravma omSi Sesvla! `cocxali varo!~ miaZaxa<br />
jars, gaamxneva momxreebi da gadaeSva saomrad, gaapo<br />
mtris razmi da gaiyvana Tavisi damarcxebuli jari, _ am<br />
damarcxebam marTla bolo mouRo qarTvelobas da mitomac,<br />
marto darCenili mouravi gadavida imereTs, aq mefesa<br />
da mTavrebs agulianebda, rom ar ahyoloden Secdomis<br />
gamZraxvel Teimurazs!<br />
rom ara gauvida ra, iqidan gadaixvewa saTaTreTSi da<br />
gadaixvewa im ganzraxviT, rom uku ar egdo Tavisi survilebi<br />
da Turqebis SemweobiT mobruneboda isev saqarTvelos.<br />
_ xonTqarma icoda misi dev-gmiroba da sixaruliT<br />
miiRo da saakaZemac winadadeba misca: Tu jars momaxmar,<br />
me SevaerTeb aRmosavleT da dasavleT saqarTvelos Senis<br />
saxeliT da orive erTad Sens mfarvelobis qveS iqnebao.<br />
xvanTqari daeTanxma, magram SesCivla: jer sanam Sina maqvs<br />
areuloba da sparselebTanac omi ar Semwydara, axlave ar<br />
SemiZlia da roca amaebs movrCebi, maSin ki Seni neba iyoso.<br />
ajanyebulebSi soxatelebi yvelaze ufro saSiSi iyo.<br />
vaJkacobis garda simagreebic xels uwyobden maT. weli-<br />
137
wad-naxevari idga nazim-veziri did-Zali jariT da vera<br />
gaawyo ra maTTan. xvanTqarma jer pirdapir iq gagzavna<br />
mouravi mTavar-sardlad misis Tanxlebul qarTvelebiT.<br />
mouravma daaTvaliera soxatelebis cixe da naxa, rom misi<br />
ieriSiT aReba SeuZlebeli iyo.<br />
morTo qarTvelebi vaWrulad, Seapara cixeSi, gaaRebia<br />
cixis karebi, Seesia da aiRo sami dRis ganmavlobaSi.<br />
amisTana gmirobam aRtacebaSi moiyvana stamboli. xvan-<br />
Tqarma SeuTvala, rom baRdadic aeRo, mouravma oTxi aTas<br />
TurqiT da Tavisis mxlebel, qarTvel gmirebiT, aTi aTasi<br />
sparselebi gahfanta. aiRo baRdadi da sul mokle xanSi<br />
daumorCila xvanTqars sxva ajanyebulebic. am gmirobam<br />
gaaoca mTeli Turqoba da xvanTqarsac mze da mTvare saaka-<br />
Zeze amosdioda. mzad iyo, rom nebas mihyoloda saakaZes da<br />
misi survilic aesrulebia saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. saqar-<br />
Tvelos mze xelaxla unda amosuliyo. magram daxedeT<br />
ubedurebas: nazim veziri iyo xvanTqris siZe. misi RviZli<br />
da hyavda colad da gaafTrebulma qalma SeuTvala qmars:<br />
`aRar aris Seni saxelis xsenebao! dagCrdila gurjim da<br />
mohkal rogormeo!~<br />
jer uarze idga veziri, magram rom aRar moeSva coli,<br />
mohkla RalatiT saakaZe da masTan erTad gawyvita qar-<br />
Tvelobac 1630 w.<br />
ase dasrulda ambavi am saarako gmiris. amisi survili<br />
iyo enaxa saqarTvelo Tamaris droindel saqarTvelod,<br />
amas Seswira yovelive soflis dideba: ojaxi, col-Svili,<br />
Caigdo Tavi gansacdelSi. itanda yovel gasaWirs 35 wlis<br />
ganmavlobaSi da bolos saflavSi Caitana survilebi!.. ai,<br />
amisTana kacs vasamarTlebT dRes, sasacinoa!.. dRes rodesac<br />
CveulebaTa gvaqvs gadaqceuli fexze-wamodgomiT pativi<br />
vsceT sruliad umniSvnelo pirebs...vasamarTlebT<br />
saarako dev-gmirs, Tavdadebul mamuliSvils da erTmaneTs<br />
vekiTxebiT: moRalatea Tu arao? vai, amisTana dros<br />
da ui! Cvenc am dros Cacvenilebs!...<br />
1911<br />
138
Zveli aRzrda I<br />
merve saukunidan rom mahmadianoba Semovida qveyanaze<br />
da misma aRmsarebelma TaTrobam Tavi iCina da gaZlierda,<br />
mTeli Tavisi ZaliT ieriSi saqristiano samefoebze miitana.<br />
misi survili iyo, qristianoba amoegdo da mis nacvlad<br />
islami gaevrcelebina. TiTqmis kidevac moiyvana sisruleSi<br />
es ganzraxva: maSin mxolod ganTqmuli, didebuli<br />
vizantia sruliad daamxo da konstantinopoli stambulad<br />
gardaqmna. bevri qveynebi slavianTa daipyro, evropias<br />
kalTebi Camoaglija, dRiTidRe iTqvamda saxels, magram<br />
patara saqristiano samefos, saqarTvelos, sacodvavad<br />
migdebuls aziaSi, vera daaklo ra, Tumca yoveli<br />
kuTxiT etaneboda. iman, e.i. saqarTvelom saukunoebis<br />
ganmavlobaSi bevri tanjva aitana maTgan, magram rjuli<br />
da erovneba mecxramete saukunis karamdi SeubRalavad<br />
moitana. warsuls rom Tvali gadavavloT, amas raRac<br />
saswaulad miviCnevT an sakvirvelebad, magram es mxolod<br />
nayofia qarTvelebis gmirobis da es gmirobac maTi<br />
aRzrdis mizezi iyo! maSin dedebi dro da moTxovnilebis<br />
Sesaferad zrdidnen Svilebs. yoveli qarTveli maSin im<br />
azriT iyo gamsWvaluli, rom mxolod qristianoba da<br />
erovneba SeirCines. misTvis aris gaCenili, `Wirsa Sina<br />
gamagreba ise unda, viT qviTkirsao~, _ ambobden da Tavis<br />
patara saqristiano samefos gars kedlad evleboden.<br />
ramdeni Setakeba hqoniaT yoveli mxriT! erTi aTs<br />
ebrZoda da assze aTi, an oci Tu modioda meomari.<br />
ricxviT Tanasworoba araodes ara hqoniaT. esec ki unda<br />
vsTqvaT, rom eseni yovelTvis damxvdurebi iyvnen. ase Tu<br />
ise, qarTvelebis vaJkacobas saxeli didi hqonda<br />
davardnili. mtrebic ki afasebdnen da TaTrebma rom<br />
ierusalimi aiRes da ierusalimSi Semsvlels, yvelas, vinc<br />
unda yofiliyo, iaraRis ayra dauweses da baJis gadaxda,<br />
mxolod qarTvelebi iyven ganTavisuflebuli am<br />
valdebulebisagan. diax, didi gmiroba gamoiCines<br />
139
qarTvelebma da es sul maTi sparTanuli aRzrdis Sedegi<br />
iyo. daviwyoT Tavidan: orsuli deda-kaci rom loginad<br />
dawveboda, qmars, rogorc mizezs, neba ara hqonda Sin<br />
daswreboda. Tu mezobeli axlos hyavda, wavidoda<br />
mezoblisas da Tu ara, Tavis ezoSive sadme an safareSoSi,<br />
an samoaxloSi, an samzareuloSi, an sxvagan Sevidoda da<br />
iqidan ugdebda yurs colis tanjvas da ismenda kivils.<br />
melogines uTuod unda ekivla da Tu is daiRaleboda,<br />
maSin mosamsaxures gadmoayenebden da is kioda. rodesac<br />
deda-Svili gaiyreboda, gavardeboda Tofi da maxaroblebic<br />
gaswevdnen qmrisken, miulocavden da Tu vaJi<br />
iyo, saCuqarsac miiRebden. maSin ki wamovidoda saxlSi<br />
qmari da Sevidoda saxlSi meloginis oTaxSi, win bebia miegebeboda<br />
da Tafls gamousvamda pirSi. es ase iyo, sanamdi<br />
Saqari da Saqari-yinulebi gaCndeboden CvenSi. vaJis SeZeniT<br />
gaxarebuli mama saCuqars aZlevda bebias. Zvel droSi,<br />
rogorc meomari, vaJi ufro fasdeboda qalze. pirvel<br />
dRes yvela saqmeSi iyven: axalSobils gahbanden, Wips mos-<br />
Wriden, melogines uvliden da erT faci-fucSi iyven. meore<br />
dRes saxls rom gawmenden _ gaanaTebden, mere Seudgeboden<br />
Ramis Tevas. Ramis Teva uxsovari droidan iyo<br />
Semotanili. stumrebi daupatiJeblad moiyriden Tavs da<br />
mTeli Rame unda eTiaT. melogines gadaafarebden Zvel<br />
bades (utyviod), radganac bade nakurTxia da avadmyofs<br />
mavne veRara ra miekareboda. dastovebden marto oTaxSi.<br />
iq mxolod bebia darCeboda. TviTon stumrebiT sxva oTaxebi<br />
gaivseboda da iq erTi xriali, simRera da sxvadasxva<br />
TamaSi iyo gaTenebamdi. Tu axalSobili vaJi iyo, ferxuls<br />
abamden da sxvadasxva sagmiro leqsebs ambobden: Tu _<br />
qali, maSin stumrebi orad gaiyofoden. erTi mxare warmoadgenda<br />
qalis momxre dass, meore — vaJisas da gaimar-<br />
Teboda saxumaro niSnaoba. qali taxtze mjdom dedofals<br />
warmoadgenda da vaJs Semoiyvanden, moiyvanden qalTan<br />
simReriT da etyoden: `a, niSani, bani Sani, qali gviboZeo!~<br />
Tu sasiZo ar moewonebodaT, dedoflis momxreebi etyo-<br />
140
den: `ar gvinda Seni niSani, ukan waiReo!~ da sxva. siZis<br />
mxleblebi daadgeboden Zalas. mouvidodaT Cxubi, rasakvirvelia<br />
xumrobiT. sicil-xarxariT gaTavdeboda Cxubi<br />
da mere gadadioden sxva Sesaqcevarze. saTamaSoebi bevrgvari<br />
iyo: 1) moxuWavden muWebs. erTSi damalavdnen rames<br />
da ase orives daxuWuls miuSverden erTimeores da<br />
etyoden: `moiS, moiS: kaka ruza~ da gauSvebden orive muWs.<br />
gamomcnobi erTsa da erTs daartyamda da Tu iq iqneboda<br />
nivTi _ gamoicnobda da Tu ara _ sakanonos gadaaxdevinebden.<br />
2) xelmwifoba, `anu veziroba~ iyo orad gapobili<br />
Txilis rikebi. imas ayriden da Tu orive erTad gulaRma<br />
daecemoda, is xelmwifed gamovidoda, Tu orive guldaRma,<br />
is vezirobas iRebda. da visac riki erTi aRma daecemoda,<br />
meore daRma, is muxanaTi iyo. imas xelmwife sakanonos<br />
dauniSnavda da misi veziri gadaaxdevinebda. 3) tke-<br />
Coba: erTs visme damnaSaves auxvevden Tvals, meore movidoda<br />
da dahkravda tkeCs. Tu gamoicnobda dasjili, mere<br />
im meores Caayenebden. 4) `xiWinobeloba~. Tvalaxveuls unda<br />
daeWira qurdi, romelic xan aq daaxiWinebda da an iq.<br />
gadadioda erTi adgilidan meoreze da sxvani yvela saTamaSoebi<br />
amgvari iyven. didi azris ar iyven. mxolod im TamaSobis<br />
dros yvela Tanaswori iyo erTimeoris. arc ufrosi<br />
da arc umcrosi, arc batoni da arc yma! Tu vaJis loginoba<br />
iyo, maSin `mze-Sinao~-s imRerden, ferxuls daabamden<br />
xolme. ra wodebisac unda yofiliyo, didi Tu patara,<br />
qali Tu kaci, yvela erTmaneTs xelixels gadaxvevden da<br />
dauvliden ferxuls. Tan imReroden da Tan fexs ayolebden<br />
simReras. `mzeSinas~ garda sxvasac bevrs sagmiro leqsebs<br />
ambobden. am yofaSi iyven gaTenebamdi. gaTenebisas<br />
`siris-kudas~ sWamden da daiSleboden. es yofa grZeldeboda<br />
bevr xans, radganac melogine ueWvelad ormoci dRe<br />
unda woliliyo. ormoci dRis Semdeg axalSobils gaatanden<br />
ZiZas sofelSi da iq izrdeboda rogorc sxva glexis<br />
Svilebi: zogjer mSieri, zogjer mwyurvali. xan SiSveli,<br />
xan titveli rogorc glexis Svilebi, ise fexSiSveli da<br />
141
uqudo. bevri gasaWiri adgaT, magram magierad ise gamom-<br />
Telebuli iyven, rom ar icoden an gaciveba ra iyo da an<br />
`qar-mWvala~. samwyesurSi dadioden, soflis biWebTan er-<br />
Toboden, TamaSobden sxvadasxva saTamaSoebs: erTmaneTs<br />
Sairebs da zRaprebs eubneboden, xan Widaobden da xan _<br />
joxis cxenebze gadamjdari erTmaneTSi jiriTobden da<br />
sxv... erTi sityviT, [ ] 1 ganwyobileba hqondaT glexis SvilebTan.<br />
TanSezdili megobrebi iyven da es megobroba da<br />
siyvaruli sikvdilamdi SerCebodaT xolme. ai, amitomac<br />
ar iyo mkacri baton-ymoba CvenSi rogorc sxvagan da mxecuri<br />
sastikoba mxolod mecxramete saukunidan Semogvepara,<br />
roca Cveni kanonebi da Cveuleba daikarga da sxvisi<br />
gamefda. ramdenime wlis ojaxiSvils glexebSi fexadgmuls,<br />
enaamoRebuls, glexurad gawvrTnils, malxazs,<br />
mards, marjves, fizikurad yovlad gamokenWebuls, gadaiyvanden<br />
sasaxleSi ded-mamasTan da iq dauwyebden zdas<br />
sul sxvanairad. glexurs, marTalia, rac iqneboda, gadaaCvevden,<br />
magram bevri ram ki SerCebodaT xolme.<br />
1 teqsti ar ikiTxeba.<br />
142<br />
akaki<br />
(Semdegi iqneba)
143
144
wigni miwerili ruseTumesTan<br />
didis surviliT movelodiT gangrZelebasa Tqvenis 1<br />
statiisasa, magram es ori Tvec gavida da Cven ara gveSvela<br />
ra _ ver SevityeT magisi daboloeba. ra mizezi aris<br />
magisi, ver gamogvicvnia, mxolod es ki viciT, rom magvari<br />
moqmedeba ar SeSvenis u. mwerlebTa. erTi mibrZane, Seni<br />
Wirime, CvenisTana, damcrobilsa da Sewuxebuls xalxsa,<br />
sxvaTa Soris, raRa eg upatiuroba gvinda, rom Cvenma mwerlebmac<br />
araT Cagvagdon: wagvikiTxon dausrulebeli statia,<br />
romlis gangrZeleba Semdgom numerSi aRgviTqvan da<br />
mere imton xans gaCumdnen, rom an srulebiT imedi gadagviwydes,<br />
an is Semdgomi numeri Semodgomazedac Zlivs<br />
gamovides. rasakvirvelia, amgvar upatiurobis miRebisa<br />
Cven ara varT xamni; magram rasac advilaT mouTmenT zasedatelebs<br />
da sxvaTa, romelnic vera grZnoben TavianT<br />
moqmedebasa, amas ver vapatiebT u. Cven mwerlebTa, romelTaganac<br />
moveliT imgvar qcevasa saqmiT, ragvarsac<br />
TviTon gviqadageben sityviT. me mgonia, rom magaT saqmeSi<br />
da sityvaSi ar unda iyos gansxvaveba, pirispir egeni yvelani<br />
sityviT da magaliTiT unda gvaswavlidnen patiosnebasa<br />
da keTilSobilur qcevasa, Tu undaT, rom magaT qadagebasa<br />
hqondes warmateba da amaoT ar Caiaros. me mgonia,<br />
rom es kanoni kargad moexsenebaT u. mwerlebsa da Tu axsovT,<br />
maS ra aris mizezi amgvari uceremonio qcevisa Cven<br />
sazogadoebasTan? iqneba sxvaTa Soris isic iyos, rom radganac<br />
Cven xmas ar viRebT arc kalmiT da arc beWdviT ara<br />
romelisame ganCinebazed Cveni sazogado cxovrebisa,<br />
Tqvena ggoniaT, rom Cven ara gveyureba ra?!<br />
qarTvelobas geficebi, mowyaleo xelmwifev u. ruse-<br />
Tume! rom Tu Tqvenc ese fiqrobT am saganzed, Zalian Semcdari<br />
iqnebiT. marTalia, Cveni sazogadoeba SeCveuli ar<br />
aris beWdviT da kalmiT Tavis azris gamoTqmasa, magram<br />
1 akaki wers: `Tqu nis~, magram aq da sxvaganaca, sadac mwerali icavs Jurn.<br />
`ciskris~ orTografias, Cven viZleviT axali <strong>qarTuli</strong>s marTlweris<br />
mixedviT.<br />
145
garwmunebT, rom ara anbavi sazogado Cveni cxovrebisa, ar<br />
gaivlis ise, rom ar SaniSnos, gaarCios da mere warmos-<br />
Tqvas Tavis azri.<br />
ar gagigoniaT sxva da sxva Cveni sazogadoebis yrilobaSi,<br />
rom gamova romelime imisTana da mohyveba laparaksa,<br />
ai ra momxdarao...<br />
an mdgomareoba ama da am sagnisao...maSinve gaaCumeben<br />
da etyvian: kargio, gavigeTo... geTayva, suls nuRar gagviwvrileb<br />
magdoni ubedurebis gagonebiTao. ras niSnavs<br />
esa? me mgonia imasa, rom arian imgvari sagnebi, romelzedac<br />
bevrs xans ulaparakniaT, uwuxniaT da SaudgeniaT dasasrul<br />
TavianTi azri, radganac Cven ar vacxadebT beWdviT<br />
Tu kalmiT Cven saWiroebasa, ar gamovdivarT Savis<br />
bairaRebiT meidanzed, ar gigzavniT deputaciebs. u<br />
mwerlebsa, romelnica ar gvSveliT ise, rogorc saWiroeba<br />
iTxovs, im Cinovnikebsa, romelnica gvZarcvian, u. mebatoneebs,<br />
romelnica stanjven da awuxeben gana Tu TavianT<br />
glexkacTa, _ egreTve mezobel mebatoneebsaca. im u.<br />
romelTaca hsurT Cveni da Cveni qveynis bedniereba, mSvenieris<br />
qalebisa, romelTac, saubeduroT, arc ki eyurebaT<br />
TavianTi sazogado mniSvneloba; yvelas warmogidgeniaT,<br />
rom Cven ara gveyureba ra, varT did saavaTmyofo ZilSi,<br />
xolo Tqven gvCxvletT da gvisobT danasa im azriT, rom<br />
yovelive moqmedeba Tqveni swore Tu brunde, avi Tu kargi<br />
CvenTvis didi sasargeblo da sasiamovnoa. magram marTalia<br />
ese? vin unda mogcesT amisi pasuxi? vin unda dagimtkicosT<br />
Tqven _ sazogado moqmedTa pirTa, rom mravali<br />
Tqveni moqmedeba sasargeblo ki ara, didi savnebelic<br />
aris; vin unda warmogidginosT imtoni Tqvengan wamlobaSi<br />
dakodili sagani; vin unda gamogicxadosT Cveni tanjva,<br />
wuxili, gauzdeloba, ugzooba, davidaraba da sxva. Cveni<br />
davidaraba, iqneba, xalxis saqmec iyos, magram weRanac mogaxseneT,<br />
rom Cven ara varT SeCveulni beWdviT da kalmiT<br />
Cveni azris gamoTqmasa, Cven arcki viciT ra da rogor<br />
unda davsweroT, anu gamovsTqvaT. erTi azris weris<br />
garda sxvanairi wera ara uswavlebiaT ra da imasac lamis<br />
146
Tavs vanebebT, radganac imiTac ara gveSveleba. me mgonia,<br />
rom Cveni daCumeba aqedam warmosdgeba da magiTve gamar-<br />
Tldeba; exla gvibrZaneT, mowyaleo xelmwifev, ra<br />
mizezidam warmodgeba eg Tqveni daCumeba da ra sabuTebiT<br />
gamarTldeba.<br />
iqneba Tqven imisaTvis ar iwuxebT Tavsa oriod kalmis<br />
mosmiT, rom redaqcia SeuZleblobis gamo Tqveni Sromis<br />
fass ver gadaixdis da sazogadoeba magisTana davalebisaTvis<br />
verc pencias daginiSnavsT da verc Cinzed wargadgenT?<br />
ara mgonia, rom am sabuTebiT SegeZloT Tqveni da-<br />
Cumebis gamarTleba da vin gaamarTlebs, Seni Wirime, maTa,<br />
romelnic cecxlis anu sxva saxalxo ubedurebis dros TamamaT<br />
gamovidnen, SeeZloT im ubedurebis mospoba, magram<br />
xeli ar gaanZrion: vis vuSveloT arcki gvcnobeno, an vis<br />
ras mogvcemso.<br />
verc imiT gaimarTlebT Tavsa, Tu rom ityviT, Cven<br />
qveyanaSi bednierebis metsa ara ubedurebas ara vxedavTo<br />
da razed unda vilaparakoTo. oRond amas ki nu ityviT da<br />
sxva rac ginda sTqviT. es Tqma xalxisaTvis ar iqneba sasiamovno,<br />
metadre Tqvengan, romelzedac srulebiT ara<br />
aqvs imedi gadawyvetili da moelis kidev bevr keTil saqmesa.<br />
ras ityvian, mainc rasa xedavTo, Tu ubedurebis spiloebic<br />
ver daginaxamTo. da am sxvaTa Soris ramtons magaliTs<br />
warmogidgenen TavianT sityvis dasamtkiceblad.<br />
ager Tormeti wlis ymawvili, romelsac jer anbanic ar<br />
auRia xelSi, ager meore saldaTis tanisamosiTa Sagirdi,<br />
romeliRac spartanis Skolisa, ager mesame ruseTSi wamsvleli<br />
saswavleblaTa, romelsaca deda dastiris da<br />
gamosalmebis drosa eubneba: naxvamdis, Svilo, gulSi ki<br />
fiqrobs: vaime, Tu Sen veRar moxvide da an me veRar momiswroo,<br />
ai sawyali ymawvili kaci rkinis qalamnebiTa da<br />
joxiTa davidarabaSi gabmuli yuri daugdeT, ras ambobs:<br />
netavi, Cems sicocxleSi mainc gadavwyvito es davao, rom<br />
Cem Svilebs ar daugdoo; ager glexi kaci atuzuli sasamarTlos<br />
karebis wina zavtra da posle zavtra, samse xur-<br />
147
jiniTa, ager Svidi wlis tusaRi, romlis saqmis gasinjvas<br />
jer rigi ar mosvlia. bednierebaa esa?<br />
ager, gadabrunebuli Rvinis uremi, ager meore uremi<br />
Sig mjdomis avaTmyofis qaliTa, romelica modis qalaqSi<br />
mosarCenad. warmoidgineT misi tanjva yovels urmis Tvalis<br />
gadatrialebazed da maSin SaityobT Cveni gzebis sikeTes.<br />
aba, axla mibrZandiT sofelSi da daxedeT glexkacebis<br />
cxovrebas, gaigeT imaTi qoneba, Semosavali, xarji,<br />
samsaxuri da mere axseniT, ratom egenic isreT ar<br />
arian bednierni, rogorc maTgani mezoblebi nemecebi. gaigeT<br />
guSindeli balatirovka institutSi: as ocdaeqvsi<br />
kandidatka rusebis qalebisa da xuTi vakansia. samoci qar-<br />
Tvelobisa da oTxi vakansia. iciT, rogora hsurT qalebs<br />
wignis kiTxva? Tu dagviwyebiaT is, rom gaxsovs, rom wasakiTxi<br />
wigni ara aqvT ra. ramtoni aTasi ymawvilni qalni<br />
gvisxedan yelgadagdebulni, romlis goneba daviTnsa da<br />
oriod xelnawer wignsa, sxvas ara ras miuwvdeba. moifiqreT,<br />
rom aqamdin ara gvaqvs Cven arc erTi gamarTuloba,<br />
rasac Cveni saxeli erqvas da sadac Cveni Svilebi izardnen.<br />
aba axla CamoviaroT raodenime saxlebi da vnaxoT, ra<br />
mdgomareobaSi imyofeba saxleuleba: meore saaTia SuaRamisa,<br />
viRac araxunebs, dedi, Seni siZe xom ar aris? ara, is<br />
ar aris, exla ki male unda movides. ax, RmerTo, es ra<br />
WirSi CavardiT! me ar geubnebodi, dedaCemo, ro magazed<br />
anbobdnen Wirveuliao! ra vqna, Svilo, vin icoda? meorec<br />
esa, SeZlebis patronia, Tvali magisTana SeZlebasac daudga,<br />
eubneba qali. ramtoni ubedureba warmosdgeba Seuferebeli<br />
col-qmrobidan da im Cven Cveulebidam, rom<br />
oRond ki qali gaaTxovon da visac unda miscen, sul<br />
erTia.<br />
ager ubralo xelosnis qali, dascqeris tanisamosebs<br />
da anbobs: dRes es kaba mecvao, kviras aRar Camecmebiso,<br />
ax, ra iqna mama Cemi? an iman rois unda momitanos sakabe da<br />
an me rodisRa gamovWra. am mamas ki ise gasWirebia cxovreba,<br />
rom dgas meidanzed da iTxovs mowyalebas.<br />
148
ager saxleuloba sawyali kacisa, romelsac ori dRea<br />
puri ar gautexnia. misustebula Tavis da Svilebis mwuxarebiT,<br />
deda Zlivs aSoSminebs ymawvilebsa. exla mova mamao<br />
da pursac moitanso da CiCiasaco. Semodis mama daRonebuli<br />
da gadmougdebs vercxlis qamarsa, gaita daagiraveo.<br />
yvelani sxdebian puris saWmelad mamis garda, mSian da<br />
ver miWamia, yelSi aRar Cadiso. Semdgom yvelani wvebian,<br />
mama ki dadis gacxarebuli oTaxSi, raRac sazareli fiqri<br />
awuxebs da saSinels mousvenelobaSi imyofeba. Sua-Ramisas<br />
kuTxidam raRasac aiRebs da Caidebs jibeSi, oxvrobiT<br />
gadaxedavs col-Svilsa, wamoibutbutebs, dro ariso da<br />
gava, vin icis, sada da risTvis? iqneb sabralo saavazakoTac.<br />
ager kidev meore magisTana sacodavi jalaboba. qmars<br />
ara hqonda arafris SaZleba, magram simSvenierem aitaca<br />
da ise SeirTo Tavisi mezoblis qali. daexvivnen Svilebi<br />
da gauWirda cxovreba. ai, ramtoni dRea, rac xan puri akliaT<br />
da xan wyali. qmari dadis, Txoulobs, sesxulobs,<br />
eZebs, magram vera uSovnia ra. am dros Semodis beberi dedakaci<br />
da raRasac etitineba colsa, merme xsnis xelsaxocis<br />
wversa da iRebs iqidam wiTel Tumniansa, gamomarTvi,<br />
nu Rupav Sen Svilebsao. siRaribiT Sewuxebulsa, Svilebis<br />
SimSiliT damwvar dedas verc ho uTqvams da verc ara, dafiqrdeba<br />
da bolos dros etyvis, am erT Ramesac iqneba<br />
RmerTma mogvxedoso da Cemma qmarma iSovos rameo. mova<br />
qmari Sina kidev xelcarieli, mwuxarebiT xmas ver iRebs<br />
da dawveba. beberi sixaruliT miuyris qals fulebsa, etyvis,<br />
gelio da gava. moatans SuaRame, gulis kankaliT da<br />
didis SiSiT warmodgeba, yurs ugdebs qmris Zilsa da mere<br />
CumaT ipareba. raRac saSineli sizmari aRviZebs qmarsa,<br />
iyureba, hyviris, eZebs da cols vera hpoulobs, dadis,<br />
magram xmas aravina hscems. maSin moagondeba, darbis, eZebs<br />
CaquCsa, danas _movklamo!! _ mere daRaluli daeSveba<br />
qveSsagebzed _ magram visi braliao.<br />
am siRaribes Tavi davaneboT, exla mivxedoT mdidrebsa,<br />
iqneba imaTSi vipovnoT ram sanugeSo. ager mdidarni<br />
qalebi maRalis sazogadoebisa. daxedeT, rogor bzesaviT<br />
149
abneven fulebsa CacmaSi, qaRaldSi da sxva ubralo xarjSi.<br />
iq ki gahyidian daxeul leCaqsa da miT daarwmuneben<br />
TavianT qmrebs, rom didi ekonomiebi brZandebian; aba, er-<br />
Ti hscadeT da moaxseneT magaT, ama da am keTilSobil<br />
qalsa, magaT mezobelsa, leCaqi ki ara da ukanaskneli kabac<br />
ki enatreba, ras getyvian? Cven TviTon gagviWirvebia<br />
cxovrebao. magaT Txovnac SeuZlianTo, magram Cven visa<br />
vsTxovoTo.<br />
ager sxvani mdidarni WkuiTa, gonebiTa, saxiT da<br />
guliT mSvenierni, magram saubedurod ara keTilad<br />
gawvrTnilni.<br />
diliT vizitaT merme lotoSi<br />
saRamos JamSi an praferansSi<br />
maRazinebSi yomarbazobiT<br />
sawyali qmrebis SesaqcevaraT.<br />
dasaRupavaT.<br />
ai, mdidari saxli, sadac dedamTili, rZali da muli<br />
erTmaneTTan ver moTavsebulan... warmoidgineT mdgomareoba<br />
sawyali kacisa am SemTxvevaSi, roca yovel dRe unda<br />
esmodes maTgan saCivari da sayveduri: me gagzardeo, eubneba<br />
erTi, me SagirTeo, eubneba meore... SenTvis kargi doba<br />
gamiweviao... eubneba mesame. ras ubrZanebT exla? darwmunebulia,<br />
rom amgvar Cxubsa TviT solomon brZenic<br />
ver gaarCevda da verc ras uSvelida, amis gamo TviTqmis<br />
yvelas Semoswyromia, miscemia gulis sigrilesa da diliT<br />
SuaRamdin karSi atarebs drosa.<br />
ager kidev mdidari saxli; saca uzisT gasaTxovari qali,<br />
romelsac bevrni Txouloben, magram ver aTxoveben.<br />
egebi iseTi sasiZo gamogviCndeso, rom amaTze naklebi<br />
mziTevi gvTxovoso. ager meore, mesame da TviTqmis yvelani.<br />
daxeT magaT unayofo cxovrebasa da siZunwes. magaT<br />
gana Tu sxvisaTvis, TavianT SvilisaTvisac ver gamoumetebiaT<br />
oriod groSi, rom rigianad gazardon da rigian<br />
gzazed daayenon. sawyali Cveni ymawvilebi, me mgonia, rom<br />
150
amaTTana ubedurni ar moipovebian dedamiwis zurgzed.<br />
egreT mdidarni bunebiTa da egreT RaribaT aRzrdilni.<br />
ramdenjer unda moagondeT es TavianTi uswavleloba;<br />
ramTenjer unda oxramdnen amazed; magram raRas uSvelian.<br />
ox! romeli erTi vsTqo? romeli suraTi dagixatoT<br />
Cveni ymawvilebis ubedurebisa? Sin, roca izrdebian skolaSi,<br />
roca swavloben Tu ruseTSi, sadaca umaRlesis<br />
swavlisaTvis imyofebian. am ubedurebis mizezni, rasakvirvelia<br />
bevrni arian da yvelazed momatebulaT damna-<br />
Saveni, _ dedebi. gamova orasSi Tund ori, romelTac SeeZlosT<br />
Tqma, Cveni Svilebi kacurad gagvizrdiao? ara!!!<br />
WeSmaritaT ara. da netavi Tqveni sicocxliT eg dalocvili<br />
Svilebi grZnobdnen mainca TavianT naklovanebasa da<br />
cdilobdnen warmatebasa. Cven ra gviWirso? vin ara qalebi<br />
xmeleTzed ara gvjobiao? amas amboben. sxvas veRar dagixatavT<br />
mdidaris saxlis cxovrebidam, mxolod getyviT<br />
erTi sityviT, rom eseni uares mdgomareobaSi arian.<br />
axla saiT veceT, sad veZeboT bedniereba da simar-<br />
Tle? Cven sazogado cxovrebaSi xom ara _im sxeulSi,<br />
romelSiac yvela aso dawylulebulia, sazogado uqonloba,<br />
uRonoba, mtroba, erTmaneTisagan gancalkeveba, Surianoba,<br />
wuxili, tanjva, kvnesa, oxvra, dardi, sevda sxva da<br />
sxva, ai, ra gvesmis da ras vxedamT yvela fexis gadadgmazed!<br />
aRarc daira, aRarc zurna, aRarc baRebSi Zmuri fsonebi.<br />
amisTana moulodneli, moufiqrebeli bedniereba mogvaniWa<br />
Cvenma sayvarelma mTavarmarTebelma Cvenis mtrebis<br />
damonebiTa da Cven verc ki gavmxiaruldiT, rogorc<br />
rigi iyo. ra aris mizezi? avaTmyofoba! Cven sakuTar qorwilSiac<br />
veRar gviTamaSnia, sazogadoSi rogorRa viTamaSoT.<br />
oTxs kacs erTaT ver ipovniT, romelnic salaparakoT<br />
Seyriliyvnen, Tu Seiyrebian, mxolod sasmel-saWmelaTa,<br />
isic miwveviT. Zalian bevri Rvino unda svan, rom Zlivs<br />
oriod xma amoiRon.<br />
ra mizezis gamo Semdgara es saxalxo dayolieba: Cven-<br />
Tvis umjobesiao rom umaRlesi adgili ufro sxva rjulis<br />
kacs eWiroso, vidre qarTvelsao.<br />
151
aba, Cveni qveyana amsgavseT romelsame ruseTis nawilsa<br />
da dainaxavT, rogor ukan davrComilvarT. maSin, rodesac<br />
Cveni bunebiTi niWi, Cveni miwa-wyali gvaZlevs RonisZiebas,<br />
rom ganaTu ukanaskneli, pirveli adgilic davi-<br />
WiroT ganaTlebul xalxSi. magram romeli erTi vTqo, da<br />
aRarc SemiZlian, sxva dros WeSmaritaT guli metkina.<br />
darwmunebuli varT, rom Tqvenc SegawuxebdaT warmodgena<br />
am Cveni vaivaglaxis mdgomareobisa, romelSiac metaT<br />
Tu naklebaT varT TviTqmis gareuli. axla vin gviSvelis,<br />
vin gagvkurnos am saSineli sneulebidgan? RmerTi Tu<br />
mogvxedams, Torem Cven, mgonia, erTmaneTs veras vuSveliT.<br />
es grZnoba jer kavkasiis mTebzed dgas da male<br />
gvewveva iqidam. an riT uSveloT, risTvis? roca sxvis<br />
ubedureba ufro kargaT gamoaCens Cvens bednierebas.<br />
kuflalad vixdi bodiSs amdons Cems laparakzed. me ara<br />
msurda esreT Tqveni Sewuxeba, magram xom mogexsenebaT<br />
kacis buneba. dardebi rom eeSleba, male veRar gaaTavebs<br />
xolme Tavis laparaksa, vici, rac unda Sewuxebuli iyoT,<br />
cotas nebas kidev miboZebT da moismenT mizezsa, romelmac<br />
CamomaTvlevina es sazogado Cveni tkivilebi. diax,<br />
imas mogaxsenebdiT, rom mindoda, gamomecna mizezi Tqveni<br />
siCumisa, yuris ugdeblobisa Cvenis sazogadoebisadmi.<br />
gamovicnob Tu ara TviTqmis sul erTia, magiTi Cven xom<br />
ara gveSvelebara da imasac vfiqrobT, Tqven ara mizezi ar<br />
gagamarTlebT. Tumca Zalian vswuxvar amazeda, magram ra<br />
vqna, Cems fiqrSi vera vipovera Tqveni gasamarTlebeli;<br />
piris-pir yovelive anbavi damimtkicebs, rom didaT damnaSaveni<br />
brZandebiT Cvens sazogadoebasTan. rogor gamar-<br />
Tldeba is aqimi, romelic Tavis avadmyofsa yovel dRis<br />
magieraT TveSi erTxel Zlivs daxedavs da maSinac rigian<br />
wamalsac ar miscems. magodeni iciT, gesmiT, hkiTxulobT,<br />
ra iqneba, rom Cvenc SegvatyobinoT eg Tqveni sibrZne, rusuli<br />
da francisuli Cven ar viciT, qarTul enaze wasaki-<br />
Txi ara gvaqvs ra da, rasakvirvelia, usaqmurobisagan WorebSi<br />
gaverTobiTo. ai, amas anbobs xalxi. darwmunebuli<br />
brZandebodeT, mowyaleo xelmwifev, rom es sazogado xma<br />
152
aris da Cemgan mogonili mdgomareoba Cvenis sazogadoebisa<br />
emsgavsebis im avaTmyofis mdgomareobasa, romelsac<br />
arc eqimi hswams da arc wamali, yurs ar ugdebda Tavis<br />
satkivars da roca gauWirda, maSin ferSlebsac ki exveweboda.<br />
nuTu am sacodavsa yurisgdeba ar unda da radganac<br />
Tavis drozed ar uwamles, exla unda uwamloT suli amouvides?<br />
nuTu axla, mowyaleo xelmwifev, yurisgdeba ar<br />
unda Tqven patara Zmebs, romelnica uswavlulaT darComilni<br />
arian sxvadasxva mizeziT? RvTiT Tu bediTa Tqven<br />
dawinaurebulxarT, ganaTlebulxarT, geyurebaT yovelive<br />
da exla movaleni ara xarT, rom sxvanic egre gaabednieroT,<br />
rogorc Tqven? vici, amas Tqven kargad grZnobT,<br />
gsurT kidec da am survilis aRsrulebas SesdgomixarT,<br />
magram saubeduroT, ise vera, rogorc saWiroeba moiTxovs.<br />
rogorRac geSinianT, Tu krTebiT, Tu grscxvenianT,<br />
Tu raRac ram giSliT, iseTi, rac Tqven grZnobasa da survils<br />
ar Sahferis. iqneba Tqven imas fiqrobdeT, rom sazogadoeba<br />
did filosofias iTxovdes Tqvengan da Tqven<br />
radgan magvari filosofosni ara xarT, imisTvis arasa<br />
hswerT, jer umaRlesis swavlis saWiroeba ara aqvs Cven<br />
sazogadoebas, anbanidan mohyveviT da oRond ki aswavleT<br />
surviliT da gulsmodginebiT da darwmunebuli iyaviT, rom<br />
yvelani surviliT da didis madlobiT miiReben Tqvengan.<br />
umorCilesad gTxovT, mowyaleo xelmwifev, Tu ram<br />
hpovoT ukadrisi am Cems werilSi, momiteoT, maqvs imedi,<br />
rom am Cems wigns upasuxoT ar daagdebT, garda amisa,<br />
wagvakiTxebT Tqvenis statiis gangrZelebasa da SegvatyobinebT<br />
im u. ymawvil kacis anbavs, romelic gagigzavniaT<br />
saswavleblaT ruseTSi, Semdgom Cem werilSi msurs imazed<br />
mogelaparakoT.<br />
Tqveni umorCilesi g. qarTveli<br />
maisis 11-s dResa,<br />
1860-sa welsa, q. tfiliss.<br />
153
cxel-cxeli ambebi<br />
xSiri wvimebis gamo, ivnisis Tves sazogadod `Coxa dampalas~<br />
eZaxian, magram sam weliwadSi erTxel am ivnissac<br />
aqvs xolme nakiani weliwadi! es maSin, roca quTaisis Ruberniis<br />
aznauroba moiyris xolme Tavs quTaisSi winam-<br />
ZRolis, anu rogorc sazogadod eZaxian, marSlis amosar-<br />
Cevad. maSin ki am ivnisis Tves `Coxa-dampala~ ki aRar qvia,<br />
_ Coxa-axala; radganac visac ki kenWi aqvs, yvelas Seu-<br />
Zlian rom Coxa gaixados. imereTSi amorCeul pirs, anu<br />
marSals, winamZRols, winamZRolels ki ar eZaxian, _ wanamZRomels,<br />
anu winamZRoms. ar gegonosT, rom es enis<br />
ucodinarobiT mosdiodeT; ara, am sityviT aznaurobas<br />
surs, rom naTlad gamoxatos marSlobis ideali: winam-<br />
ZRomi, anu winamZRomeli niSnavs im kacs, romelic win-win,<br />
ese igi saqmis dawyebamdis aZRebs sxvebs; da vin ar icis,<br />
rom Cveni gulkeTili sazogadoeba arafers Rirsebas ar<br />
Txoulobs amosarCevi pirisagan, _ Tvinier win da win<br />
gaZRomisa da sadil-vaxSmebisa! Cemis yuriT gamigonia,<br />
rom eTqvas mekenWes, anu amomrCevels: `dedav! rava amovirCev<br />
imisTana kacs, romlisganac erTs staqans Rvinosac<br />
ar veli, rom Cemi kenWi gavrecxo!~ es imas niSnavs, rom<br />
marSlisagan Txouloben mxolod pur-Rvinos da mzareulT-uxucesobas;<br />
am sityvis mTqmeli, misda gaugebrad,<br />
roca kenWis garecxas Txoulobs, imas ufro amtkicebs,<br />
rom mis xelSi kenWi gasvrilia da garecxas saWiroebs. vin<br />
Tqva, rom Cvenma xalxma ximia ar icis? sxvadasxva Sezavebuls<br />
nawilebisagan Savs TeTrad aqceven da TeTrs Savad!<br />
visac unda, rom Savi kenWi gaaTeTros, unda Seazavos er-<br />
Tad zuTxi qinZiT, ZmriTa da ombaloTi, zed miayolos<br />
Romi, amoudvas gverdiT msuqani Zroxis beWi, SewevniTa<br />
tyemlisaTa, imas miayolos mwvadeb-lavaSebi, gudebic<br />
yvela daalbos yifianis RvinoSi, rom mekenWeebma mosZaxon<br />
`mraval Jamieri~ da zed daamaton `haralalo~ Semdegis<br />
leqsebiT:<br />
154
`voii! aw Cven viciT, visic unda gamorCeva,<br />
gvinda jibe Segvisqeldes, radganac gvaqvs amis Cveva,<br />
xan marjvniT varT, xan marcxniT varT, orivesgan<br />
gvaqvs miwveva, _<br />
zafxulSi Tavs gamovikvebT, Semodgomac mogveweva~.<br />
am simReras amomrCevelma Tormeti `xa, xa, xa, xa, xa!~<br />
miayolos da SewevniTa RvTisaTa Savi TeTrad iqceva! _ es<br />
moxerxda, magram am ximikosebs erTi saqmis gakeTeba undodaT,<br />
is ki veRar moaxerxes: undodaT, rom saRmrTo werilis<br />
sityva Sesaxeb kacisa, rom kaci miwaa da miwad iqcevao,<br />
gaemarTlebinaT da kacis sulebi sicocxliTve miwasTan<br />
SeeerTebiaT, rom miTi miwa gaezardaT da sruli cenzi<br />
gamoeyvanaT, magram ver moaxerxes miwisa da kacis erTmaneTze<br />
mikoseba da wiTeli varacuci tyula Sexta da Semobzrialda!<br />
_ bevri kiTxulobs: es wigni, es varacuci<br />
SarSan rom TeTri iyo, wreuls raRam gaawiTlao da mikvirs,<br />
rogor ver mixvdnen! Cemis azriT, is mitom gawiTlda,<br />
rom SarSan veraferi gaariga da Sercxva. _ gawiTlebas<br />
Tqveni Wiri wauRia, kidev ar vinaRvliT, magram Sar-<br />
Sandelma SemTxvevam rom wiTeli feri daadva, vai Tu<br />
wrevandelma yviTeli daadvas da maSin Cvenma mtrebma maTi<br />
guli gaiZRon, _ da Cvenc mwuxarebam es gvamReros:<br />
`waxda Cveni Wirnaxuli: ver movimkeT, raca vTeseT,<br />
Cveni waRma danaTesi, ukuRma gvifarcxes qeziT,<br />
uwesurad gagvilewes, rac movmkeviT umal kvnesiT,<br />
da faliazed wyals gvisxamen, raRas vizamT CaxmaxkvesiT?!<br />
magram mainc nu davscxrebiT, kvals vuyefoT nela,<br />
nela,<br />
egeb odesme gamoCndes warRvnis Semdeg cisartyela!<br />
daiquxos, gaielvos. gagvinaTlos dRes rac bnela,<br />
da axlis tyaviT Segvimosos, rac SemTxvevam<br />
dagviZvela!~<br />
[1873]<br />
155
Savi qvis Tavgadasavali<br />
me jer kidev gimnaziaSi viyavi. viqnebodi ase aTi-Tormeti<br />
wlisa, erTxel wirqvalidan begara puri mogvitanes<br />
da mamaCemma uTxra mouravs: eg puri sxvagan CahyareT,<br />
calke qaTmebisTvis, rom sxva xodabunis purebSi ar gaerios,<br />
Tvaram daviRupebiTo. me gaocebulma mizezi gamovikiTxe<br />
da miTxres: wirqvalisa da rganis puri ar vargao!<br />
qva-gunda urevia, kalos rom aiReben, is patar-patara qva<br />
gundebi ahyvebian xolme da purs ise aSaveben, rom saWmelad<br />
aRar vargao, erTi kodi wirqvaleli an rganis puri<br />
Tu gaurie, ass da aTas kods purs Savad SeRebavs da<br />
gaafuWebso.<br />
rogorc axalgazrdas es CamrCa gulSi da didma xanma<br />
rom gaiara da studentad Sevedi peterburgSi, erTxel<br />
Zvel `samefo Jurnals~ rom vaTvalierebdi, iq Semxvda geologi<br />
akademikosis abixis statia. sxvaTa Soris, ambobda<br />
akademikosi, rom Sorapnis mazraSi da sazogadod rganSi<br />
didZali marganecia, mdidari da advili samuSao, maSin,<br />
rodesac sxvagan arsad ariso da moTxovnileba ki didiao,<br />
rogorc surogati sxvadasxvagvari madneulobiso da gansakuTrebiT<br />
umisod foladi ar keTdebao. dRes mxolod<br />
reinis piras aris da iq muSaobeno. magram cotac aris da<br />
Zneli samuSaoco. ase rom, wirqvalis marganeci konkurenciis<br />
gareT darCeba da vinc imas fexze daayenebs didi<br />
sasargeblo iqneba da qveyanasac, e.i. mxares, sadac is aris,<br />
saukunod gaamdidrebso. es rom wavikiTxe, maSin momagonda<br />
mamaCemis gva-gunda. vamowmeb abixis naTqvams marganecis<br />
Sesaxeb da yoliferi marTali gamodga; marganeci<br />
arsad iyo garda reinis napirebisa. Cilli maSin xsenebaSic<br />
ar iyo da moTxovnileba ki didi iyo marganecis. me, rogorc<br />
arageologma, ar vicodi, Tu qva-gunda marTla marganeci<br />
iyo da saWiro iyo mxolod amis Semowmeba, adgilobrivad.<br />
Cavedi TbilisSi. aq cnobil geologs svimonoviCs<br />
movelaparake qva-gundis Sesaxeb. manac, radgan samsa-<br />
156
xurSi iyo, aiRo erTi Tvis nebarTva, daeTxova da kerZoT<br />
wamomyva me saCxeres, erT Tves darCa CemTan saxlSi da iqedan<br />
dro da dro davdiodiT wirqvalsa da WiaTuris midamoebSi,<br />
madnis yovelgvarma simdidrem gaakvirva mkvlevari<br />
da rodesac gaaTava gamokvleva, moxseneba warudgina<br />
samTo gamgeobas. samTo gamgeobam svimonoviCs dauniSna<br />
TanaSemwed inJinrebi: sarokini da baceviCi da samive<br />
gamogzavna xelaxal gamosakvlevad saxelmwifo xarjiT.<br />
imaT erTad gamoikvlies da kidevac dabeWdes, magram es<br />
iyo mxolod geologiuri gamokvleva, sapraqtikod gamousadegari.<br />
ar iyo naCvenebi, Tu ra iyo saWiro da gamosadegari<br />
mrewvelobaSi. rasakvirvelia, es maTi gamokvleva,<br />
ise rogorc abixisa, dResac aravis eqneboda gagebuli da<br />
yuradRebasac aravin miaqcevda am did saqmes. me ki abixis<br />
statiis wyalobiT gaviTvaliswine, Tu ra sargeblobas<br />
moutanda qveyanas amis warmoeba-mrewveloba da kidevac<br />
Sevudeqi saqmes. magram rom ar megona, imisTana dabrkolebani<br />
damxvdnen, ara Tu aravin damexmara da TanagrZnoba<br />
gamomicxada, aramed kiJina dasces: gadareulia da raRaceebs<br />
bodavso, Torem marmarilodan rom didi saxeiro<br />
ara gamodis ra, raRac eSmak Savi qvidan ra unda gamovideso?<br />
saWiro iyo kapitali saqmis dawyebisaTvis da mec is<br />
maklda. visac vTxove daxmareba, CvenSi yvelam gaocebiT<br />
damiwyo yureba da rodesac gavuTvaliswine is momavali<br />
marganecis, rasac dRes vxedavT, maSin sul kiJini damsces.<br />
im dros gamodioda erTaderTi <strong>qarTuli</strong> gazeTi `droeba~<br />
da iq movaTavse Cemi statia marganecis Sesaxeb. sxvaTa<br />
Soris isic movixsenie, rom marganecis mrewveloba saku-<br />
Tar rkinigzas moiyvans WiaTuris xriokebSi-meTqi. es ise<br />
eucxovaT maSindel batonebs, rom erTpirad yiJina dasces<br />
da zogi kargi nacnobebi da naTesavebi samZimars eubnebodnen<br />
mamaCems: `vai ra Svili gadageria da raRac eSmakis<br />
gaCenil Sav-qvas dasdevso~. radganac qarTvelebSi<br />
ara moxerxdeboda ra, mivmarTe somex vaWrebs, imaTSi im<br />
dros erTi milioneri eria _ solomon Saburov, Cemi nacnobi<br />
da imas gaumJRavne Cemi gulSi nadebi. oRond Sen<br />
157
gamoiRe aTasi Tumani da mag fasad sul Segayidvineb, rac<br />
marganecia. Sen mxolod fuls Camodi da Sroma da warmoeba<br />
Cem kiserze iyos. mxolod im pirobiT, roca Sen, Sen danaxarj<br />
fulebs aiReb, mere wminda Semosavlidan naxevari<br />
Seni iyos, 10 procenti Cemi da danarCeni saqmelmoqmedoT<br />
gadaidvas-meTqi. Saburovma mipasuxa: kargad laparakob,<br />
magram Semcdari ki unda iyoo! magisTana saqme jer CvenSi<br />
aravis uwarmoebia da mec fulebs ver gadavyri, ara imitom,<br />
rom fuli menanebodes, ara! mitom rom sasacilod ar<br />
amigdon. amis Semdeg me davrwmundi, rom Cven qveyanaSi ara<br />
Tu kapitals ver movagrovebdi saWiros, piriqiT, xelis<br />
SemSlelic bevri meyoleboda. CvenSi ara Tu maSin, dResac<br />
kidev, qarTvel-imerlebma wuni ar dasdvan da kiJina ar<br />
dascen, ra aris? mitom, rom kud-abzika xalxi arian da rom<br />
ityvian, imaze mets fiqroben da viTomda kritikosebad<br />
gamodian! Tu marTla waxda saqme, maSin ityvian: aki mogaxseneT<br />
Cven, rom ara, ar gamovidoda rao! da Tu gakeTdeboda<br />
saqme, maSinac ki mis nacvlad, rom gamtyundnen, piriqiT,<br />
yoyoCobas daiwyeben: Cven gaxlavarT kacio! da Tu<br />
Cven ara, es saqme ar gakeTdebodao da sxvani... es sazogado<br />
senia imerlis. marTla rom iseTi didi azrisaa Tavis Tavze,<br />
rom yoveli misi fexis gadadgma, sityva da gulisTqma<br />
did ramed miaCnia da sxvisi ki yoliferi bodvad! es rom<br />
vicodi me, gadavwyvite maTgan CamoSoreba da Sevudeqi<br />
saqmis sawarmoeblad kapitalis Zebnas sazRvargareT da<br />
iqidan vaWris mowvevas. Tumca Zneli iyo, radgan im dros<br />
sazRvargareTelebs sxvanairad hqondaT warmodgenili es<br />
Cveni qveyana, magram me mainc ar vanebebdi Tavs da abixis<br />
da svimoniCis gamokvlevasTan erTad vagzavnidi aRwerilobas,<br />
Tu ra gziT da rogor SeiZleba da ra jdeba es<br />
warmoeba. amasTanave evropaSi vagzavnidi TviT marganecs.<br />
maSin WiaTura iseTi xriokebi iyo, rom sacalfexo gzac<br />
arsad iyo da Tumca madnebi sami versiT iyo daSorebuli,<br />
magram mainc WiaTuris gzamde mis Camotanas aravin kisrulobda.<br />
maSin gamoCnda erTi vaSaZe da miTxra: adgilidan<br />
TiTo fuT qvas me Camovitan xolme gzamdeo, magram im<br />
158
pirobiT, rom RamRamobiT Camovitan mxolod da ara dRisiT,<br />
radgan maZiebeli aznauri var da tvirTis zidva sircxviliao.<br />
WiaTuraSi gzis piras duqani hqonda saCino<br />
vaSaZes da iqamde Cahqonda xolme Cem vaSaZes TiTo fuTi<br />
qva sam-sam maneTad. aqedan Semdeg quTaisSi Cahqonda cxeniT<br />
da quTaisidan sazRvargareT vagzavnidi fostiT. es<br />
Cxirkedelaoba didxans gagrZelda da bolos, rogorc<br />
iqna, dainteresdnen vaWrebi da daapires wamosvla, rom<br />
adgilobrivad enaxaT madnebi; modiodnen da mohyavdaT<br />
inJinrebi, rasakvirvelia, Cemi xarjiT. Tormeti wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />
8 kampania moviyvane, magram aravin xeli ar mihyo<br />
mis mrewvelobas. Cvenebi Slidnen saqmes, aSinebdnen: `aq<br />
iseTi cieba icis, rom qaTmebsac ki xocavs da ucxoels<br />
ueWvelad gaaqrobso. aq adamians ise sWrian Tavs, rogorc<br />
xaxvso~ da sxvani. erTi maTgani marTlac mohkles foTSi.<br />
maSin ise dafrTxnen, rom sazRvargareTidan kavkasiaSi<br />
mosvla samrewvelo ganzraxviT aRaravis undoda. davrCi<br />
yovelmxriv uimedod da unugeSod. gamoveTxove Cems Tormeti<br />
wlis Sromasa, fulebs am xnis ganmavlobaSi saqmis-<br />
Tvis Cayrils da mtrebisagan TiTqmis yvelasgan niSanmogebuli<br />
gavemgzavre ruseTisken. peterburgSi erT Cem<br />
nacnobTagans grafinia malis Sevxvdi da laparakis dros<br />
man sxvaTaSoris mkiTxa: `rad xar egre mowyenilio?~ me<br />
Savi qvis Sesaxeb ambavi, rac vicodi, gadaveci. guldasmiT<br />
momismina da miTxra: me mrewvelobis ara gamegeba ra,<br />
magram Tqveni nalaparakevi WkuaSi mijdeba da vecdebi<br />
dagexmaroo. me Zalian gamikvirda, grafinias nalaparakevi<br />
ubralo saubrad CavTvale, magram oTxi dRis ganmavloba-<br />
Si momivida grafinias werili: xval saRamos modi CemTan<br />
marganecis Sesaxeb mosalaparakeblado. daniSnul droze<br />
mivedi da grafiniasTan erTi viRac sxvac damxvda. gamodga,<br />
rom es iyo Sinagan saqmeTa ministri makovi. man pirdapir<br />
marganecis Sesaxeb Camoagdo laparaki da miTxra: me<br />
grafiniam gadmomca sakvirveli ambavi: arsad mTels imperiaSi<br />
ar aris marganeci gamoCenili. sazRvargareTac umniSvneloa,<br />
cotaa da Cvenc sazRvargareTidan mogvaqvso,<br />
159
vyidulobTo, marganeci gvinda foladis sakeTeblad da<br />
eqvs maneT-naxevars vaZlevT fuTSio. magis gamoCena Cvens<br />
imperiaSi saxumaro saqme ar aris! mTavroba valdebulia<br />
dagexmaros mag did saqmeSi. Semoitane saministroSi gancxadeba.<br />
warmoadgine Tanve inJinrebis gamokvleva da Seni<br />
mosazrebac da mere me vicio. Sen mxolod is Seasrule<br />
xolme, rac grafiniam giTxra. kerZo kampaniis Zebna saWiro<br />
aRar ariso. meti aRara uTqvams ra, is rom wavida, grafiniam<br />
momiloca: gaTavda saqme. didi saqme gaTavda da Sen<br />
ki mxolod, roca gaTavdeba saqme, xarjs nu moeridebio.<br />
mec unda Semiamxanago, wilSi Semiyvano da mere me vicio. me<br />
damSvidebulma da aRtacebulma meore dResve Sevekari<br />
grafinias pirobiT da unda meZlia misTvis wminda mogebidan<br />
mexuTedi, magram tyvila ki aris naTqvami: `ubedur<br />
kacs qva aRmarTSi miewiao!~ sanam saqme daiwyeboda, im Tve-<br />
Si ministrma Tavi moikla da CaiSala daimedebuli saqme.<br />
da grafinia mainc kidev Seudga saqmes. Seecada, rom ker-<br />
Zod moegvarebina rame da xelidan ar gaeSva es saqme,<br />
gamonaxa viRac SeZlebuli ostriakovi da imas moelaparaka.<br />
ostriakovi daTanxmda mxolod im pirobiT, rom adgilobriv<br />
daeTvalierebia is madnis adgilebi, miT ufro,<br />
rom col-Svili sazafxulod kislovodskSi hyavda gagzavnili,<br />
kislovodskidan Sorapnis mazraSi wasvla veRar<br />
gabeda SiSiT, ar momklano da iq daiqirava iasauli ormoci<br />
yazaxi rusiT da Camovida CvenSi. moulodnelad moadga<br />
Cems saxls da didaT SemiSina saxleuloba! sanam ar gairkva<br />
maTi moslis mizezi, dedaCemi daamSvida da uTxra: Seni<br />
Svilis saqmeze var mosuli, marganeczeo da eseni Cemi<br />
mxleblebi ariano. meore dRes gaatanes kacebi da daaTvalierebines<br />
madnis adgilebi. rasakvirvelia, ostriakovi<br />
kmayofili darCenila nanaxiT da roca dabrunda da Camovida<br />
peterburgSi, saCqarod Segvikra piroba: Cven unda<br />
Cagvebarebia misTvis foTSi paraxodze naxevari milioni<br />
fuTi marganeci oTxi Tvis ganmavlobaSi da migveRo fuli<br />
mTlad, fuTSi sam-sami abazi. da vinc pirobas gatexda, unda<br />
gadaexada Strafi asi aTasi franki. samuSao xarji da<br />
160
foTSi Casatani gzis fuli Cveni unda yofiliyo da fuli<br />
ki arsad iyo. maSin grafiniam gadmomca aTasi Tumani da<br />
miTxra: axla amis meti ara maqvs xelad, magram saxls davagiraveb<br />
da sxvasac mogawodebo. wadi da axlave Seudeqi<br />
saqmes, rom dro ar davkargoT da CautanoT... CavabaroT<br />
foTSi. axla ki sul sxva gunebaze davdeqi: vfiqrobdi, ra-<br />
Ra SemiSlis xels? marganecis aravis araferi gaegeba! mi-<br />
Zaxon giJi, sanam ar moewyinoT. axla xom marganecic Cems<br />
xelSia da samuSao fulic-meTqi! ai, swored am dros<br />
gamiTamaSa poeturma ocnebam da warmomadgenia is, rac<br />
Turme mosaxerxebeli ar iyo! cameti wlis tanjvis Semdeg,<br />
axla davrwmundi, rom saqme Cems xelSi iyo, xels veRaravin<br />
SemiSlida da mag saqmes ise Sevxede, rogorc sazogados.<br />
me marto Cem gamdidrebaze ki ar vfiqrobdi, ase<br />
megona, Tu es mrewveloba marto Cem xelSi iqneboda da ise<br />
movixmardi, rogorc sasargeblo iqneboda qveynisaTvis<br />
da erovnul moTxovnilebebs davakmayofilebdi. miwebi<br />
xom qarTvelebis iqneba, vambobdi gunebaSi, _ muSebsac<br />
qarTvelebs aviyvan da is didi mogeba, romelic mosalodnelia,<br />
Cvenebs SeZlebas miscems, rom sxvadasxva saqvelmoqmedo<br />
sazogadoebac daaweson! maSin sruli darwmunebuli<br />
viyavi, rom am mrewvelobas yvela Cemi TvaliT Sexedavda<br />
da xels Semiwyobda. is ki ar vicodi, Tu xalxis Sexeduleba<br />
sxvanairi iyo da sazogado saqme warmoadgenda<br />
misTvis sapirados... es rom mcodnoda, maSin sul sxvanairad<br />
unda movqceuliyav: im aTasi TumniT, romelic grafiniam<br />
momca, unda Cems saxelzed Semeyida, rac marganeci<br />
iyo mTel raionSi (es advili mosaxerxebeli iyo maSin,<br />
radgan marganecs araferi fasi ar hqonda) da mere damewyo<br />
mrewveloba da sazogado saqmec Cem nebaze wameyvana.<br />
magram me es ar vqeni! marTalia, amdeni xani me xels miSliden<br />
adgilis patronebi, magram es umecrebiT da SeugneblobiT<br />
moudiodaT. da axla ki, roca marganeci cnobili<br />
da gamokvleuli da sazRvargareTac saxel mopovebuli<br />
da gatanis meti aRara unda ra, marganecis mepatroneebi<br />
windawinve TvalnaTliv xedaven TavisTvis gamdid-<br />
161
ebas, raRa mizezi aqvsT, rom aRar damijeron da Cemi<br />
TaosnobiT da CemTan SeerTebiT ar wauZRven saqmes-meTqi?<br />
da Seudeq saqmes: salome wereTlis qalis, andronikaSvilis<br />
qvrivisagan aviRe ijariT samarganeco adgili<br />
`jiTxnari~, radganac axlos iyo gzidan. aq erTi ram unda<br />
movixsenio, romelic axasiaTebs Cveni xalxis sindiss axlandel<br />
droSi: oRond ki Caigdos xelSi sxvisi sakuTreba,<br />
SeiZinos is, razedac araviTari ufleba ara aqvs da Tavi<br />
marTali hgonia, arc RmerTs daeZebs da arc sindiss. iZaxian,<br />
kanonma momcao da marTlac dRevandel dRes kanons<br />
formalurad asruleben da marTalic rom iyo, Tu gascdi<br />
kanonebs, Sens simarTles dahkargav: `es vada gagiSvia~, `es<br />
forma dagirRveviao~ da sxvani. im aTasi Tumnidan, romelic<br />
ruseTidan Camovitane, xuTasi Tumani wylis arendi<br />
salomes miveci da Sevudeqi saqmes. danarCeni xuTasi TumniT<br />
daviwye Savi qvis muSaoba. andronikovis qvrivTan rom<br />
mivedi kontraqtis Sesakravad, miTxra: Svilo, xuTas mane-<br />
Tad mogcem sakuTrebad Sav-qvas, sul, rac moipoveba Cems<br />
mamulSio. me movaxsene: ara, batono, Tqven TviTon ar gesmiT,<br />
Tu ra simdidrea eg Savi qva! me ar minda visargeblo<br />
Tqvenis umecrebiT da mitomac me yovel wlobiT dReidan<br />
gaZlevT xuTas Tumans arendas. salomes madlobas da<br />
sxvadasxva dapirebas sazRvari ar hqonda. es kontraqti<br />
radganac mogicia, Sevinaxav. megobrulad gavSordiT erTmaneTs.<br />
wamoviyvane Tbilisidan erTi Cemi megobari da is<br />
dauyene meTaurad muSebs. muSebis Sovna metad gaWirda.<br />
amaod morwmuneobiT Sekruli xalxi erideboda Savi-qvis<br />
xelis mokidebas, magram uzomo qiram (maSin dReSi maneTi<br />
didi qira iyo) sZlia maT. SemdegSi es morwmune muSebi<br />
TandaTan SeeCvivnen da aRar gaurbodnen muSaobas. did<br />
lodebad zedapirze yridnen yorebad da xeliT satarebeli<br />
urmebiT ezidebodnen... sami Tvis muSaobis Semdeg damzadebuli<br />
gvqonda Savi-qva, rac ki saWiro iyo. WiaTuridan<br />
urmiT CahqondaT Savi qva Sorapnamde da mere ki rkinisgziT<br />
foTamde CahqondaT... aq moxda maSin iseTi ucnauri<br />
ambavi, romlis mofiqreba da warmodgena me ar SemeZlo.<br />
162
soflelebma madlobis magier, rom saurme gzas Cemi xarjiT<br />
vakeTebdi, win gadameRoben da neba ar momces. ocdaoTxi<br />
saCivari Seitanes Cemze samsjavroSi, rom gza Cvenia<br />
da imas muSaobis nebas ver mivcemTo. me, gaocebuli, mivi-<br />
Wer ukve gansvenebul g.RoRoberiZesTan, nafic veqilTan,<br />
SevsCivle da rCeva vkiTxe.<br />
_ sacalfexo gza soflisaa? _ mkiTxa veqilma.<br />
_ saqveyno!<br />
_ da xels vin giSlis.<br />
_ ra vici, viRac viRaceebi, calfexa aznauriSvilebi,<br />
romelTac araviTari simarTle ara aqvT.<br />
_ eg imaTac ician.<br />
_ maS raRaT miCivian? xom ician samsjavroSi waageben<br />
mag saqmes?<br />
_ ki, magram, rodis? sanamde sudiT eg saqme gaTavdebodes,<br />
Sen qvas ar gagatanineben da manamde dro dagekargeba.<br />
imaT undaT, cud mdgomareobaSi Cagayenon da wagglijon<br />
rame ZaliT. rac es axali sudebi Semovida CvenSi,<br />
xalxi Zalian gacuRlutda da aRarafers erideba, oRond<br />
ki iSovos rame. Senc axla CauWerixarT da ician, rom meti<br />
gza aRar grCeba ra da unda mourigde, rame misceo. magram<br />
morigebaze rom midga saqme, imdeni moiTxoves, rom sizmradac<br />
ar minaxavs imdeni fuli, es garemoeba Sevatyobine<br />
peterburgSi grafinias. man gamogzavna iqidan nafici veqili<br />
golovini, magram misma Carevamac saqmeSi vera gaariga<br />
ra. grafiniam jarima gadaixada, rogorc Tavisi naxevari,<br />
ise Cemi da gaeSura sazRvargareTisaken da mec wigni<br />
momwera. sxvaTa Soris mwerda: `eg saqme didi saqmea da magis<br />
xelidan gaSveba ar ivargebso, aq CvenSi, aRar moxerxdeba<br />
ra da Sevecdebi, rom ucxoeTSi Sevadgino kompania,<br />
radganac metad didi saqmea~. grafinia iq mTeli weliwadi<br />
darCa kompaniis ZebnaSi da me aq ufulod, Cemis proeqtebiT.<br />
gaiara xanma, dadga meore wlis arendis dro. unda<br />
mimeca salomesTvis saijaro qira. me daimedebuli viyav,<br />
rom kneina salome moicdida, magram nu mogeces Wiri! fu-<br />
163
lis micema rom veRar SevsZeli, namuSevari qvebi wamarTva,<br />
daarRvia kontraqti da axali kontraqtiT is kvecxnari,<br />
romelic me xuTas Tumnad mqonda aRebuli ivan muxran batons<br />
gadasca. weliwadSi sami aTas xuTas Tumnad! ivane<br />
muxranskim ifiqra, me gza ar mindao. Camouyvania sparse-<br />
Tidan aqlemebi da aqlemebs azidvinebda tvirTs sacalfexo<br />
gziT. adgilobrivma moCxikineebma aqac gamoigones xerxi:<br />
gzaSi afrTxobdnen aqlemebs da isini kldeze cvivdeboden.<br />
radgan aqlemebi bawrebiT iyvnen erTmaneTze gadabmuli,<br />
erTi rom gadavardeboda, sxvebic Tan mihyveboden.<br />
amgvarad aqlemebiT muSaoba CvenSi SeuZlebeli Seiqmna,<br />
muxran batonis xerxs adgilobrivma saukuRmarTo<br />
xerxma ajoba da ivane muxranskim izarala asi aTas maneTze<br />
meti. ivane muxranskis Semdeg gaCnda viRac baron mercenfeldi,<br />
didi kompaniis warmomadgeneli, magram Cveni<br />
qveynis ucodneli da umecari. tyuila ki ar aris naTqvami:<br />
`adgilis kurdRels adgilis mwevari daiWerso~. am batonma<br />
nemecma milionamde Cayara Sav qvaSi da mere miatova,<br />
gaudga gzas. amis Semdeg gaCnda furmani, romelic winaT<br />
Camoyva ostriakovs yazaxebiT. sxvisi fulebiT amanac bevri<br />
ifarTxala, magram mainc vera gaawyo ra. amas mihyvnen<br />
sxva eqsportiorebic (gvarebi aRar magondeba am ucxoelebis),<br />
magram isinic yvela CaiRupen, rogorc mdinare,<br />
sanam foni gamoCndebodes, bevrs axrCobs. ise am Sav qvamac<br />
bevri daRupa, magram saxeli ki gaiTqva da baraqac moipova.<br />
axla mxolod sakmao iyo mxolod gatana qvis. marTalia,<br />
mec daviRupe, magram es daRupva arafrad mimaCnda, radgan<br />
sxvebma gaiares im Cem gatkepnil gzaze da Savi qvis mrewvelobas<br />
me kidev mainc ise vuyurebdi, rogorc saero<br />
saqmes da misgan velodi Cveni qveynis gamobrunebas.<br />
164<br />
[1873-1897]
zogi ram<br />
visac ki dakvirvebiT udevnebia Tval-yuri dasavleT<br />
saqarTvelosaTvis, SemCneuli eqneba, rom yovelive is,<br />
rac ki saWiroa keTildReobisaTvis, miniWebuli aqvs am<br />
mxares, magram xalxi ki mainc arsad gveguleba dRes imerlebze<br />
ufro metad naZraxi, naTqvamia: `ybad aRebulio _<br />
wyalwaRebulio~. mteri Cavardes qveynis ybaSi! camdisac<br />
rom swori iyos da saSviliSvilod simarTle miuZRodes,<br />
mainc veRar aicdens Tavidan umarTlo cilis wamebas!...<br />
ase mouvida imereTsac: wvrilmani uvargisoba, SemTxveviTi<br />
saukuRmarTo ram, ybad aRebulobiT gazviadebuli,<br />
TiTqmis saSviliSvilod daexura Tavze Sav-bediT qudad,<br />
da es cxadi usamarTlobaa!.. adamianis gvartomobaSi erTi<br />
uwarCinebulesTagani arian imerlebi, rogorc garegnobiT,<br />
ise SinaarsiTac, magram droTa viTarebas Caukravs<br />
TavSi da feri ucvlevinebia Zireulad, bunebiTad yoveli<br />
imereli gulCvili, gulkeTili buneba Tanaziaria!... goneba<br />
maxvili, gamWriaxi, mkvircxli, mxne, dauzareli da Tavdadebuli!...<br />
da eseni, yvela erTad moTavsebuli, niWierebis<br />
gvirgvinad Tavs edgmeba!... magram garedan Semotanili<br />
da Zalauneburad miTvisebuli mankiereba gars Semohburvia<br />
da hparavs mis zneobiT deda-boZs. rasakvirvelia, es<br />
ori sul sxvadasxva Zala, sakuTari Zireuli sikarge da<br />
garegani _ Senawebi sicude, erTsa da imave gvamSi moTavsebula<br />
da mxolod maTi Sesaferi garemoeba gamoiwvevs<br />
xolme TiToeuls maTgans, rom Tavi aCenios! iq, sadac ki<br />
ndoba aqvs da gul-gaSlilia, imereli, rogorc kerZod<br />
TavisaTvis, ise sazogadod sxvebisaTvisac sakeTildReo<br />
iaraRad xmarobs Zlier niWs! naz gamometyvel saxeze naTlad<br />
ebeWdeba sulieri moZraoba da maSin swored rom saucxovo<br />
sanaxavia, magram Tu garemoeba xels uSlis da daundoblobiT<br />
guldaxurulia, maSin ki imave niWs saWirborotod<br />
farad aqnevs da im dros sazizRaria misi danaxvac!<br />
vis ar unaxavs erTi da igive imereli, sxvadasxva ga-<br />
165
emoebaSi da veRar ucvnia? Cven bevrjel gvinaxavs, ara<br />
marto TiTo-orola, mTeli sazogadoebac da maTi orWofoba<br />
maSin SegviniSnavs, Segviswavlia!... samagaliTod moviyvanT<br />
mxolod erTs SemTxTevas: sazogado krebaa, Skolis<br />
Taobaze msjeloba. gaiZvera, Sublnikoraebisagan Cagonebuli<br />
da momzadebuli umetesoba Skolis winaaRmdegia.<br />
cxadia, rom am krebas maRlidgan zena qari uberavs.<br />
mxolod ramdenime axalgazrda ganze gamdgara da TavgamodebiT<br />
esarCleba Skolas.<br />
maTi meTauri metad cxarobs, TiTs abzeks da Tav-<br />
Seukaveblad baasobs, meore mxare gul-magrad aris da<br />
mainc Tavisas ar iSlis. orive mxare mzad aris, rom oRond<br />
ki gaimarjvos da Tavdauzogavad gind wyalSiac gadavardeba.<br />
Skolis mowinaaRmdege oratorebi oxunjoben da<br />
umetesoba taSs ukravs, mxars aZlevs im cru-metyvelebs,<br />
magram sakvirvelia, TiTqo es taSis cema Zaldatanebi-<br />
Tiao, saxezedac raRac angariSi da Jinianoba exatebaT...<br />
TiTqos gaborotebiT naZaladevad hfiqrobden ` ras davsdevT<br />
qveyanas? Tu Cven aRar viqnebiT, qva-qvazedac nu-<br />
Rar yofilao!~ am dros mosarCleobis wridganac gamodis<br />
erTi niWieri advokati, romelmac kargad icis Cveni xalxis<br />
gulis pasuxi da Zlier sityvas ambobs! sxvaTa Soris<br />
miTi unda daajeros sazogadoeba Skolebis sargeblobaze,<br />
rom materialur mxares exeba da eubneba: `sxva rom ara<br />
iyos ra, es mainc iqonieT saxeSi, rom Tqveni Svilebi, Tu<br />
SkolaSi gamoizardnen, Tavs aravis daaCagvrineben da Sem-<br />
Zleni iqnebian, ai, ise, rogorc me da Cemi amxanagebio!~<br />
xalxi yurs ugdebs, magram aRtacebaSi ar modis, aqa-iq<br />
iZaxian: `ar gvinda!~ Seiqmna sazogado griali da TiTqmis<br />
erTxmad swyveten: `nu iqneba Skolebio!~... am dros moisma<br />
aTrTolebuli xma: `moiTmineT: bato-nebo!~ da kaTedraze<br />
adis erTi axalgazrda, romelsac jer, etyoba, cbierebis<br />
sitkboeba ar gamoucdia da nebas Txoulobs, ramdenime<br />
sityva aTqmevinon:<br />
166
`vai sircxvilo! rasa vxedav? da ra mesmis? daiyvira<br />
aRtacebulma da Seupovrad wamoanTxia gulSi nagubi naRveli!...<br />
moulodnelobam SeaCera kreba... SekrTa!!.. axalgazrda<br />
gulwrfelad, Tamamad ambobs yvelas, rac ki gulze<br />
lodad daswolia! ar exeba materialur mxares, mxolod<br />
zneobiTs awveba da amtkicebs, Tu ra aris adamianisaTvis<br />
swavla-ganaTleba, rom zneobiTis ganmtkicebiT zneamaRlebuli<br />
Seiqmnes. xelovneba aklia, mWevrmetyveli ar<br />
aris!.. magram WeSmariteba igive swor-upovari mWevrmetyveleba<br />
da xelovneba ar aris!!! kreba sulganabuli SeCerebia<br />
da yurs ugdebs, TiTqo erT kacad gadaqceulao. saxe<br />
ecvleba, raRac efareba saxezed, RrubeliviT. es Senanebis<br />
niSaniao... ai, cota kidev da Rrubeli nel-nela efanteba...<br />
saxe ubrwyindeba, netav ra Zala unda iyos es, ase<br />
Zlierad da moulodnelad rom miaSuqa? rai da sindisi, is<br />
sindisi, romelic aqamde miZinebuli iyo da axla ki Zlierma,<br />
patiosnurma mxilebam gamoaRviZa... RmerTo Cemo! am<br />
ramdensame wamis winaT, uSveris saxiT gamometyvelebiT<br />
mRelvare xalxi ase uecrad ram gadaasxvafera? ram gaam-<br />
Sveniera? im ucnaurma Zalam, romelsac simarTles eZaxian,<br />
wamierad moswminda garegani Cirqi da gamoaCina sakuTaris<br />
bunebrivi saxiTa da feriT!! gaaTava sityva oratorma.<br />
cota xnis siCumis Semdeg igriala xalxma da aRtacebulis<br />
taSis kvriT miegeba axalgazrdas!.. Skolebis saqme ke-<br />
Tilad gadawyda, ai, swored am dros Semecvala Cvens mxareze<br />
darwmunebiT sadideblad azri, avixede maRla moajirisaken,<br />
sadac qalebi megulebodnen, saseirod da mxolod<br />
saWoraod mosuli! davinaxe da aRar mindoda Tvalis mo-<br />
Soreba! visac amisTana dros ar unaxavs imereli qalebi,<br />
amas neba ara aqvs maT mSvenierebaze sTqvas rame da arc im<br />
qalebs eqnebaT neba hkiTxon xolme, boSo, rasa gvwunobT,<br />
Tu iciT? Tvaladoba gvaklia, Tu tanadobao?~ arc erTi<br />
da arc meore, magram vai, rom mSvenier saxezed wvrilmani<br />
sulis kveTeba da ukadrisi Zraxvebi gexatebaT da gikargavT<br />
sandomianobas! aba, egre darCiT, rogorc exla, am<br />
167
aRtacebis drosa xarT, Tu Tayvani ar gceT mowiwebiT!<br />
magram jer kidev adrea es natvra!.. Cven SviliSvilebs miulocavT<br />
am bednierebas da Cven-ki gul-dawyvetili, Cvenis<br />
dedebis sasaflaoebs mivmarTavT TayvaniscemiT!!..<br />
magram, eh, ra dros gulis SeTamaSebaa, miubrundebiT isev<br />
imerlebs da vimeorebT, rom imerlebis bunebrivi Rirseba<br />
droTa viTarebas sruliad ver gauqria, mxolod droebi-<br />
Tad miuZinebia, magram erTi marjve SemTxveva gamoafxizlebs,<br />
romlis niSnebi ufro xSiric iqneboda, Tu ukanaskneli<br />
reformebi xels ar uSlides.<br />
baton-ymobis istoriuli saWiroeba didi xania, gadasuli<br />
iyo da mxolod Cveulebis mtarvaleba agrZnobda am<br />
usamarTlobas, romelsac mokle xanSi bolo unda moReboda...<br />
vin warmoidgens maSindel Cvens yofas, Wabukur aRtacebas<br />
da gazviadebul imedebs sazRvari aRar hqonda!..<br />
imasve unda hgrZnobdes tyve sapatimroSi, rodesac elodeba<br />
wams borkilis ayrisas!.. ahyrian borkils, xel-fexi<br />
exsneba, Tavisufalia, magram isev cixeSi rCeba tyved, radganac<br />
galavani maRali da gauvalia.<br />
dadga CvenTvis sasurveli wami, _ gaiyara baton-ymoba,<br />
magram ise ki mainc vera, rogorc velodiT da Cvens<br />
ocnebasac frTa Seekveca! es ori wodeba mainc kidev gadabmuli<br />
darCa erTmaneTzed droebiTis TokiT. erTi aRma<br />
gaiwevda da meore CaRma, sxvadasxva iyo am ori wodebis savali<br />
gza, Toki orives uWerda, erTsa da imave dros nabatonarmac<br />
da naymevmac tkivili igrZno, brali ubralod<br />
erTmaneTs dasdes da ufro gamwvavda wyluli. am cvlilebas<br />
Tan mohyva axali samsjavro reformac... rasakvirvelia,<br />
es didebuli kanonebi qveynis sakeTildReod iyo<br />
Semotanili, magram zogi adgilobrivis msajulebis umecreba-gaugebrobiT<br />
da zogic qveynis SeufereblobiT daisusxa<br />
da is nayofi veRar moitana, romelic mosalodneli<br />
iyo, piriqiT, gamargvlis nacvlad Zveli Sambnari ufro<br />
gaaekliana.<br />
168
dairRva, daiSala Zveleburi wyobileba, aimRvra cxovreba<br />
da airia xalxi, _ amiT isargebles qveynis ylapiebma<br />
da gamovidnen sarbielze. es adrindeli patara qvemZromi<br />
jojoebi, dRes gveleSapebiviT gars artyian qveyanas, ram<br />
gaadida? ram gaaZliera? Tavdapirvelad amisTana SemTxvevam,<br />
romelsac ugunurebi beds eZaxian, magram kanoni da<br />
sindisi ki sxva saxels uwodebs. mZorsa da leSs yvav-yornebi<br />
exvevian da fulian jojoebs _ advokatebi, gansxvaveba<br />
mxolod is aris, rom yornebi Tavad im leSsa sWamen da<br />
advokatebi _ ki fulian jojoebs swvrTnian, rom qveyana<br />
sWamon da xran, radganac imave dros nasufrali maTia, ma-<br />
Sin, rodesac samarTali sastikad sdevnis da sjis wvrilman<br />
jojoebs, am gaveSapebulebs _ ki xeli ar ekidebaT,<br />
radganac maTi moqmedeba garegnobiT formaluri mxariT<br />
sruliad kanonieria.<br />
sanimuSod movitanT magaliTs: vsTqvaT, erTs gagvele-<br />
Sapebul jojoTagans hsurs visime yofa-cxovreba Caigdos<br />
xelSi, SeiZens imis an veqils, an rame pirobas: da im<br />
dros uCivlebs, roca Seigulebs, rom Sin aRar ariso, sxvagan<br />
sadme wasulao, uwyebas miakraven saxlis karebze da<br />
daniSnaven garCevis dRes. mopasuxem ara icis ra... Sedgeba<br />
dauswrebeli ganCineba. am zemocnobil wesiTve Sedis kanonier<br />
ZalaSi. am gvaraTve auwers movales mamuls da gind<br />
aTiaTasi Tumnis saRiralic iyos, mainc as maneTs zeviT ar<br />
afasebs. amas amitom Svrebian, rom kanoniT, Tu as maneTze<br />
metad aris dafasebuli mamuli, gazeTSi unda gamocxaddes,<br />
da Tu ara _ iqve, samsjavros karebze miakraven gancxadebas<br />
aqac, rasakvirvelia, gazeTSi, rom Sors myofma<br />
movalem ara gaigos-ra, ra ambebi xdeba mis Tavze da mitom<br />
afasebinebs as maneT nakleb. am gvaris xerxiT vin mos-<br />
Tvlis ramdeni daRupula CvenSi, magram radganac es Wiri<br />
formaluris mxriT kanonieria, xeli ar ekideba qveynis<br />
ylapiebs da SerCebaT xolme. sxvebr, amaT moqmedebas didi<br />
gavlena aqvs xalxze. is darwmunda, rom kanoni da samarTali<br />
veras gaawyobs imasTan, visac SeZleba da gaiZveroba<br />
169
erTmaneTze gadaubams da TviTonac emoneba. amave mizezma<br />
gaamravla CvenSi cru moficrebi, bolos da bolos metad<br />
gauWirda Cvens mxares, veRar aitans, es qveynis ylapiebi<br />
unda Tavidan moiSoros, magram Tavis Tavad, rom neba ara<br />
aqvs maTi gasamarTlebisa da gasjis, imdenad gamwarebulia,<br />
rom iTxovs maT Tavidan moSorebas, adre CvenSi mis-<br />
Tana kreba ara yofila, rom mTavrobisaTvis ar eTxovos,<br />
esa da es avazaki da cudi kaci dagvibruneT cimbiridgano,<br />
da axla, es erTi xania ki mxolod imas iTxovs `cudi kacebi<br />
mogvaSoreT~, es kargi niSania! RmerTo, Sens madls da<br />
Cvenc amis meti aRara gveTqmis ra imerlebis Sesaxeb: `guli<br />
wminda dabade maTTana, RmerTo, da suli wrfeli ganuaxle<br />
gvamsa maTsa!~...<br />
170<br />
akaki<br />
1890
saxumaro gasarTobi<br />
aRuuu!!!<br />
yovel-gvari Zveli ambavi, romelic ki gardasul dros<br />
mogvagonebs da gvixatavs maSindel zne-Cveulebas, saWiro<br />
da sasurvelia CvenTvis. es yvelaferi cxadia! _ magram<br />
ocnebis ukuRmarTi nayofi rom vinmem Zvel ambad mogva-<br />
CeCos xelSi, misi ki ra mogaxsenoT?! arc sasurveli iqneba<br />
da arc sasacilo. _ sworeT am gvarTagania is Zveli ambavi,<br />
romelic `iveriis~ № 75-Si daubeWdavT. ai, misi Sinaarsi:<br />
T.gulbaaT WavWavaZes msaxurad hyolia wereTlis naymevi.<br />
wereTels ramdenjerme wigni gaugzavnia WavWavaZisTvis: Cemi<br />
yma damibruneo! WavWavaZes pasuxi ar uRirsebia. gulmosuli<br />
imereli SeiaraRebula, uaxlebia ori biWi da CaWrila kaxeT-<br />
Si; midgomia karze gulbaaTs, SeuWenebia ezoSi cxeni, aWrila<br />
kibeze, mivardnia maspinZels da autexia Cxubi:<br />
_ Tqven xarT gulbaaTi?<br />
_ diaR.<br />
_ TqvenTanaa Cemi naymevi biWi?<br />
_ diaR.<br />
_ miiReT Cemi wigni?!<br />
_ diaR!<br />
_ mere ratom ar gamoistumreT?<br />
_ diaR... da sul amgvarad.<br />
moTminebidan gamosuli stumari xanjals iRebs, rom<br />
mohklas maspinZeli. dinji maspinZeli maSin ki kadrulobs<br />
pasuxis micemas, daiviwyebs `diaR~: jer mewvie da saqmeze<br />
mere vilaparakoTo. gaimarTeba lxini, Semdeg wereTels<br />
yma aviwydeba da brundeba imereTisken.<br />
swore mogaxsenoT, es ambavi Zalian gvixatavs Zvelebur<br />
dros, didi ojaxis Svilebs, maT zdilobas, stumarmaspinZlobas<br />
da sxvani! Turme is panpuloba, romelsac<br />
dRes `kintoobas~ veZaxiT, pirdapiri naSTi yofila Cveni<br />
Zveli droebisa! marTali naTqvamia: `siberemdis siqaCles<br />
elodeo!~ Cven sul sxveb gvqonda Seswavlili da warmodgenili<br />
Zveleburi dro! RmerTma uSvelos `iverias~, rom<br />
171
Tvali agvixila! magram Cven ki jer mainc Tval-axelilic<br />
ver mivmxvdarvarT da ver warmogvidgenia es ubralo saqme!<br />
erTi mxriT, WavWavaZe, kaxeTSi ganTqmuli da gamoCenili<br />
gvaris Svili, meore _ wereTeli, ara nakleb imereTSi<br />
cnobili, romelnic mefis brZanebazec ar amCatdeboden<br />
xolme, `aski-kukus~ TamaSoben da kintouraT eqcevian er-<br />
TmaneTs! _ erTis naymevi Tu meoresTan mivida da mosamsaxured<br />
daudga, es SesaZlebelia; Zvel batons rom ewyina<br />
da SeuTvala WavWavaZes, yma damibruneo, es yvela dasajerebelia,<br />
magram WavWavaZe wereTels pasuxs ar aZlevda, es<br />
ki saeWvoa! zdilobis winaaRmdegia da Cveni Zvelebi ki gan-<br />
Tqmuli iyven sazogadod zdilobiT. SeiZleba gvarSi<br />
gamoerios erTi uzdeli rogorme, magram is ki gulbaaT<br />
ar iqneboda, rogorc imaze gagvigia. _ wereTels guli<br />
mouvida, SeiaraRda, iaxla ori biWi, Tvis savalze, saCxeridan<br />
yvarelSi wavida da iq Cxubi autexa. _ sakvirvelia,<br />
didi ojaxis Svilebi erTi saaTis savalzedac ar wavidoden,<br />
Tu mxleblebi ar eyolebodaT Tan da is wereTeli ki<br />
ori biWiT, vin icis, saidan sad modis? Cven gvgonia, rom<br />
mouravsac ar gagzavnidnen maSin ori biWiT.<br />
daujeroT, rom yoveliferi ase moxda! imaze raRa<br />
vTqvaT, rom imereli da kaxeli erTmaneTs Sexvdebian stumar-maspinZeli;<br />
Cveulebrivis mokiTxvisa da zdilobiT<br />
sityva-pasuxis nacvlad erTmaneTs biabruaTa hxdian?<br />
`iSiSvla xanjali wereTelmao~. Zvel kacebze SeiZleba<br />
rom vsTqvaT, iSiSvla xmalio, radganac Cveulebad gvqonda<br />
mterze misvla da TavisianTan amoReba da triali dRevandeli<br />
gmirebis saqmea da ara Cveni winaprebis! cxadia, rom<br />
avtori dRevandel SemTxvevas gviwers. sadme Tvals mohkravda,<br />
rom vinme wereTela Tu WavWavaZuka kinwlaobden _<br />
da imis ocnebebs Zvel droSi gadautania... diaR, gadautania<br />
da cudic unebebia. Cveni Zvelebis Seuracxyofa da maTi umizezoT<br />
sacinad agdeba araferi istorikosoba da mWevrmetyvelobaa...<br />
es amtkicebs mxolod bavSvur aRuuus!<br />
cukia<br />
1894<br />
172
mcire SeniSvna<br />
bodiSs vixdi mkiTxvelebTan, rom Cemma erTma sruliad<br />
umanko SeniSvnam `aRsarebis~ Sesaxeb, aseTi dausrulebeli<br />
vai-uSvelebeli astexa _ me, rogorc mis pativismcemels,<br />
ar megona Tu b-ni gogebaSvili ise iucxovebda, rom<br />
boRdi-xanobas gamoiCenda da moriel makiavelad damasaxelebda,<br />
maSin rodesac mizezi ar mimicia da araviTari<br />
sabuTi xelSi ar uWiravs. marTalia, winaswarmetyvelobas<br />
Cemulobs, magram is winaswarmetyvelobac, rogorRac<br />
boRdixanuria!.. Cem `SeniSvnaze~ rom man pasuxi daswera,<br />
me sruliad davrwmundi, rom metis wera aRar Rirda da ai,<br />
ra werili mivwere soflidan `redaqciaSi~: `Zmao giorgi!<br />
gogebaSvilis pasuxiT davrwmundi, rom mas veRaras gadavaTqmevinebT<br />
da mec aRar amoviReb xmas, rac unda sweros!<br />
amasTanave gTxovT, Tu rame gamogzavnos imis Sesaxeb, ar<br />
dabeWdoT!.. xom ici, rac unda iyos, iakobisTana kacebi<br />
Zvirfasebi arian CvenTvis da safrTxilod mosapyrobi. Tu<br />
ar dayvavebiT, ise ara gakeTdeba-ra da sxv.~<br />
miuxedavad am Cemi werilisa, imas mainc upasuxes b-ebma:<br />
g. wereTelma, silovanma da dodaSvilma. rodesac Camovedi<br />
soflidan da sayveduriT mivmarTe am pativcemul<br />
pirebs, ai, ra mipasuxes: `Cven diax pativiscema gvaqvs rogorc<br />
Tqveni, ise iakob gogebaSvilis, magram simarTles da<br />
enis siswores msxverplad verc erTs ver SemogwiravT da<br />
Sen SegiZlia aRaraferi sweroo!~ amis Semdeg me raRa meTqmoda,<br />
gavCumdi da aRarafers monawilebas aRar viReb.<br />
maS, sruliad umizezod mwamebs igi makiavelobas. cxadia,<br />
rom viRac atyuebs pativcemul iakobs da an misma winaswarmetyvelobam<br />
uRalata!.. me raRai-ki erTxelve gadavswyvite,<br />
iman `aRviarebis~ nacvlad `vaRiarebic~ rom dasweros,<br />
sityvis Sembrunebeli ara var da davSTebi misadmi<br />
adrindeladve moyvaruli da pativismcemeli.<br />
1894<br />
173
gafrTxileba<br />
(vuZRvni b-n redaqtors da mis TanamSromlebs)<br />
Zvelad CvenSi erTi Cveuleba iyo: roca mojalabe gajiutdeboda,<br />
an da rame Seusabamo danaSaulobas Caidenda,<br />
htovebda Tavis ojaxs, mamul-deduls, baton-mezobels<br />
da gamorboda qarTlisken, Tavis Sesafarad da sasjelis<br />
asacileblad. xan-da-xan am Cveulebas kargi Sedegic<br />
mohyveboda: damnaSave sxvebis mibaZviT da mravalgvar<br />
gansacdelTa ze-gavlenis gamo htovebda adrindel znes,<br />
Cveulebas, midrekilebas da gamosadeg kacad hxdeboda.<br />
gaWirvebis Waxraki zneobriv malamod esalbuneboda xolme,<br />
vai `vaSaT~ ecvleboda, gansacdeli ganaxlebas, gankurnebas<br />
uqadda... marTalia, zogjer mojalabe iqac mojalabobda,<br />
zogjer, mxar-Sekrulsac da fexeb-SeboWvilsac ki<br />
gibrunebden ukan, magram...magram erTi-ori magaliTi ra<br />
mosayvania, _ me sazogado movlenaze mogaxsenebT da marto<br />
masze...<br />
axla... axla `droni icvalen~ da Cveulebrivi movlena<br />
TiTiT saCvenebeli magaliTi Seiqmna, `droni icvalen~:<br />
droni ra droni<br />
naqebni mtkbarad! _<br />
da saarako movlenam Cveulebrivi xasiaTi miiRo, axlac<br />
CvenSi mojalabebi (Tumca baton-ymoba gadavarda), axlac<br />
gamorbian isini qarTl-kaxeTisaken (magaze advili<br />
raRaa, Tu nacnobi konduktori iSovna); magram codvebis<br />
mosananieblad ki ara, _ ara! samoZRvroT da saWkuismeistroT...diaR,<br />
Cveneburi mojalabebi TqvenSi samWermetyvelo<br />
kaTedras etanebian xolme, hkicxaven da hgmoben namdvil<br />
moRvaweebs da unamusod gaiZaxian xolme Tavis<br />
Tavze:<br />
174
kaci is aris, vinc aris saqveynod lafiT cxebuli,<br />
miT mxolod Rvawli ars keTil, miT mxare damSvenebuli...<br />
Sors rom ar wavideT, erTs magaliTze migiTiTebT.<br />
ager ramdenime Tvea, rac erTi gazeTis furclebze daTareSobs<br />
erTi `vinme~... es is gmiria, romelsac didi xania,<br />
rac gautyda mekobrobis navi, didi xania rac gaisila<br />
cxovrebis talRebTa Seupovrobis msxverplad... ufro<br />
mdabiuri eniT rom mogaxsenoT, es imas niSnavs, rom b-ni<br />
mRaRadebeli xsenebulis gazeTis udabnosa Sina egred wodebuli<br />
samoqalaqo kanoniT dasjili `vinmea~. Tu gnebavsT,<br />
me gaaxlebT erTi olqis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas,<br />
romlidanac dainaxavT mis vinaobas — im piris gulwrfelobas,<br />
romelic patiosnebaze, keTil-Sobilobaze,<br />
mamulis siyvarulze da sxva am gvar maRal sagnebze wamda-uwum<br />
araxunebs. me gacnobebT amas yvelafers da es Cemi<br />
cnoba iqneba namdvili pasuxi im uwmawur da usircxvilo<br />
werilebisa, romelnic ibeWdebian am bolos dros zogierT<br />
moRvaweTa winaaRmdeg. iqidan Tqven dainaxavT, vin gebaasebaT,<br />
vin icavs maT, vinc am gvar damcvelTa eZeben da<br />
hpouloben, erTi sityviT, Tqven mixvdebiT, rad gaxda Cveni<br />
mwerloba, vin moeqca mas saTaveSi, vin Seiqmna misi<br />
sulis Camdgmeli da winamZRoli...<br />
`an es, raca vTqvi, raTa vTqvi~, Tu ara imisTvis, rom<br />
windawinve megobrulad gagafrTxiloT. `netar arian isini,<br />
romelnica ara Seviden zraxvaTa ugnurTaTa~...<br />
batonebo! imedia, rom Tqven maT xmas ar gahcemT, radgan<br />
ar SegSveniT, ar gekadrebaT yvelasTan baasi da miT<br />
ufro maTTan, vinc mojalabobs simarTlis gamo-ki ara, _<br />
samarTals mojalabobis gulisTvis gamoqcevian.<br />
imereli<br />
1894 w.<br />
175
[quTaisis seminaria da quTaisis cixis nangrevebi]<br />
rogorc mogexsenebaT, quTaisis qalaqSi unda aSendes<br />
sasuliero seminariisaTvis saxli, romlis asaSeneblad<br />
jer-jerobiT adgili ar aris gadawyvetili, magram yovlad<br />
samRvdelo gabrieli da umravlesoba samRvdeloebisa<br />
(imereTis samRvdeloeba) ki gadawyvetiT ambobs bagratis<br />
taZris gverdiT Zveli cixis dangrevas, im goris gadasworebas<br />
da imaze seminariis aSenebas. aq sableri rom<br />
iyo, iman es adgili daaTvaliera da moiwona, axla vin icis,<br />
sad da romel adgilze dadgamen seminarias. samegrelosa<br />
da guriis samRvdeloebas, rogorc xma ismis, dabla bazarSi<br />
aqvT seminariis dadgmis survili, agreTve moqalaqeTac.<br />
es kiTxva, rasakvirvelia, samRvdeloebis (orive<br />
eparqiis) krebis dros unda gadawydes, romelic moxdeba<br />
am seqtembris 27 ricxvs. rogorc viciT, es cixec, ise rogorc<br />
sxva naSTebi, im arxeologiur naSTebs ekuTvnis, romelzedac<br />
gamoica umaRlesi brZaneba 1889 wels Zveli istoriuli<br />
nangrevebis xelSeuxeblobaze. TviT administraciisa<br />
da sasuliero mTavrobis movaleobaa, daifaron<br />
es nangrevebi kacis xelisgan. Cven ar gvjera, rom yovlad<br />
samRvdelom ar icodes am umaRlesi brZanebis mniSvneloba.<br />
aq kerZo mTavrobis warmomadgenlis survili arafers<br />
SuaSia, yvelaze upirvelesad unda dacul iqmnas umaRlesi<br />
brZaneba. marTlac da raRa mainca da mainc cixe undaT<br />
daangrion? nuTu meti adgili ar iSoveba am goraze? aris<br />
kidev bagratis taZris gverdiT mSvenieri adgili Tavisufali,<br />
romelic RoRoberiZes ekuTvnis. es adgili aris<br />
erT qcevaze meti da amis naxevari, ager erTi Tvea mas<br />
aqed, valSi awerilia 300 maneTad, igi bevrad ufro iafi<br />
dajdeba. samasad ki ara, eqvsas maneTaTac rom iyos es adgili,<br />
imis yidva bevrad ufro xel-sayreli iqneba, vidre<br />
ZvelisZveli cixis kedlebis dangreva, romelsac verc<br />
aTas maneTad morCeba kaci. bagratis taZarsa da RoRoberiZis<br />
adgileb Sua sul aTi saJeni iqneba CrdiloeTis<br />
176
mxriT, bevri am adgils kidec asaxelebs. zogierTebi fiqroben,<br />
rom dabla bazarSi sjobiao, magram dabla SeuZlebelia<br />
imisTvis, rom sablers es gora ise moewona maSin<br />
aq myofobis dros, rom dRes reqtorma Tqva (inspeqtoria,<br />
mara aq reqtors eZaxian) Tu goraze ar davniSneT adgili<br />
seminariis asaSeneblado, sinodi ar dagvimtkicebso, rogorc<br />
sablerisgan vicio. roca sablerma aq cixe daaTvaliera<br />
da aqedan wavida, episkoposma Tbilisidan arqiteqtori<br />
daibara seminariis gegmis Sesadgenad (cixeze) da<br />
Sedgenili gegma am erTi kviris win Camouvida.<br />
quTaisi, 6 enkenisTve.<br />
177
М.-Г. г. редактор!<br />
С некоторых пор я начал получать массу писем, вызванных<br />
предстоящими банковскими выборами. Не имея возможности отвечать<br />
на каждое из них в отдельности, я поставлен в необходимость<br />
заявит следующее: еще при самом начале, когда задумали учредить<br />
у нас земельные банки, я был против этого и говорил и писал между<br />
прочим вот что: «Давать нашему народу пока такие учреждения<br />
– все равно, что давать ребенку острую бритву в руки. Теперь мы<br />
увлечены радужными мечтами о будущем, но будущее докажет<br />
нам, что мы поставили сами народу капкан и рулетку. В конце концов,<br />
наши помещики-землевладельцы разорятся, нравственная физиономия<br />
нашей жизни потеряет свой патриархальный цвет». Насколько<br />
эти мои слова оправдались, предоставляю судить другим; в<br />
настоящее же время вообще земельные банки не считаю я таким<br />
важным учреждением и делом, чтоб интеллигентный грузин мог<br />
сосредоточить все свое внимание исключительно на них. Для правильного<br />
ведения банковских операций не нужно ни астрономии,<br />
ни философии, ни поэзии: всякий мало-мальски развитой, не лишенный<br />
обыкновенных способностей интеллигент, при известном<br />
трудолюбии и благонамеренности, может справиться с ним, а потому<br />
будет ли это Петр, Иван или Максим, совершенно безразлично.<br />
Что же касается того, что образовались партии, и тут я не вижу<br />
ничего особенно важного: где выборы – там и партии, а где партии<br />
– там борьба и разгар страстей; принимать личное, активное участие<br />
в этой борьбе я не желал и не желаю, а на стороне высказывать<br />
свои симпатии или антипатии к той или другой стороне, кажется,<br />
никому не возбраняется, и я не намерен, вследствие предписания<br />
или молчалинского расчета – «не сметь своего суждения иметь»,<br />
отказываться от них.<br />
178<br />
Примите уверенье и пр. Кн. Ак. Церетели.<br />
Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3557, 4/V, 1894.
Ответ автору банковиады<br />
(письмо в редакцию)<br />
Автору банковиады, как видно, не по вкусу пришлась моя статья,<br />
напечатанная в «Квали». Особенно встал ему поперек горла<br />
тот кусочек, который он вырвал без начала и без конца, из середины<br />
статьи, чтобы в виде дипломатического соуса, с приправою<br />
своего собственного изобретения, поднести читателю. Поступок<br />
этот напоминает нам один старинный анекдот: какой-то путешественник,<br />
собираясь в Иерусалим, опубликовал свой маршрут и<br />
приглашал попутчиков; на другой же день является к нему некий<br />
господин со следующей речью. «Милостивый государь! Ваша публикация<br />
мне не нравится! Все это вздор, ибо я еду в Китай! Озадаченный<br />
путешественник осмотрел с ног до головы пришедшего,<br />
махнул рукой и сказал: «Катай в Китай, а меня оставь в покое».<br />
Нечто аналогичное представляет из себя статья автора банковиады,<br />
направленная против меня. Она начинается так: «Статья кн.<br />
Акакия Церетели, хотя и никакого прямого отношения к предстоящему<br />
банковскому собранию не имеет, но, тем не менее, должна<br />
произвести сильное впечатление на съезжающихся теперь из деревень<br />
мелких землевладельцев».<br />
Вот так логика! Раз моя статья никакого прямого отношения к<br />
предстоящему банковскому собранию не имеет, то какое дело<br />
автору банковиады до нее? И что его так смущает? Неужели только<br />
то, что статья может произвести впечатление на землевладельцев?<br />
Странная претензия! С каких это пор в упрек ставят писателю то,<br />
что они производят впечатление? Раз я пишу, то, конечно, желаю,<br />
чтобы моя статья произвела впечатление на всякого читателя, без<br />
различия, будет ли то землевладелец или воин, банковский деятель<br />
или простой купец! Еще странное объяснение того отрывка, который<br />
автор приводит в доказательство моих каких-то ужасных деяний.<br />
В отрывке этом я советовал нашим сельским помещикам не<br />
увлекаться краснобайством разных, прикидывающихся либералами,<br />
якобы передовых людей, и самим приезжать в город, слышать<br />
все своими глазами, взвесить все своим умом и тогда только произнести<br />
свой суд! В случае же (если) у них не будет своих собственных<br />
средств, то постараться занять у соседей своих, у таких же чохоносцев,<br />
как они сами, чтобы только не отстать от общего дела.<br />
Кажется, тут и нет речи о взятках, между тем, вот как это разъяс-<br />
179
няет наш автор: «Все эти рассуждения были бы вполне законны и<br />
справедливы, если бы хоть на одну сотую долю соответствовали<br />
действительности, ибо помещики-землевладельцы в деревнях так<br />
же мало интересуются общественными делами, судьбами края, как<br />
прошлогодним снегом и что они исключительно приезжают для<br />
шарокатания и за это, мол, берут взятки».<br />
В статье своей я привожу только те данные, которые имеются у<br />
меня в руках; данные, в которые глубоко верю и по ним только<br />
делаю свои заключения; но раз у автора пресловутой банковиады<br />
есть и другие данные, если, действительно, грузинские помещики<br />
не способны интересоваться никакими общественными делами,<br />
приезжают, будто исключительно для шарокатания и берут взятки,<br />
то кто или что мешает ему самому громогласно заявить об этом и<br />
уличить виновных, а не навязывать деспотически мне своих какихто<br />
закулисных соображений?! Напрасно автор банковиады старается<br />
объяснить мне различные виды взяток; конечно, я не могу знать<br />
все тонкости взяточничества, но вообще, что предосудительно и<br />
что нет, и нам возможно иметь об этом понятие. Например, если я,<br />
Акакий Церетели, приеду в деревню к помещикам и буду умолять<br />
их: «Господа! Приезжайте в город помочь мне в моих личных<br />
интересах» - и за это они потребуют и получат от меня вознаграждение,<br />
то это будет возмутительно и с моей, и с их стороны, но если<br />
я, никаких личных интересов не имея, предан только общественному<br />
делу и говорю этим же самым помещикам: «Господа! Не для<br />
своего личного интереса, а для общего блага, прощу вас проснуться<br />
и не быть индифферентными и отправиться в Тифлис ради какогонибудь<br />
дела, ну хоть, для примера, скажем, ради банковского (так<br />
сильно интересующего и волнующего автора банковиады); там теперь<br />
идут выборы, не важные сами по себе, но зато, в то же время,<br />
там подлежат разрешению разные вопросы, имеющие гораздо большее<br />
значение. Горожане имеют такое же право голоса при разрешении<br />
вопросов, как и вы сами, сельские учредители банка. Ни для<br />
кого не тайна, что интересы лиц, подобных автору банковиады, и<br />
сельских учредителей не одни и те же, а потому, если число их будет<br />
превосходить на собрании число защищающих ваши интересы,<br />
то вы, сельские учредители можете остаться в крайне печальном<br />
положении, а чтобы этого не было, соберитесь вы со своей стороны,<br />
составьте им противовес, оберегайте свое добро и пр. Допустим<br />
и то, что от помещиков получаю возражение: «Понимаем мы<br />
180
все это, готовы бросить свои полевые работы и приехать, только бы<br />
помочь делу, но беда-то в том, нет средств ехать в такую даль». И<br />
если в самом деле при этом будет оказана мною или кем-нибудь<br />
посторонняя помощь не в своих личных интересах, как уже было<br />
сказано, то неужели это было бы, со стороны подающего помощь<br />
лица, поступком, достойным порицания?<br />
Это все ясно, но, как видно из статьи, автор не хочет и допустить,<br />
чтобы подобные случаи могли быть когда-нибудь, ибо грузины<br />
де не интересуются общественными делами. Допустим, что это<br />
так; не будем противоречить капризному автору, пусть сельчане не<br />
интересуются общественными делами; но разве мы тогда не еще<br />
более обязаны вразумлять их? Нам кажется, что в подобных случаях<br />
долг каждого порядочного интеллигентного грузина просто<br />
даже силой привозить их в город, и, указывая на их собратьев армян,<br />
внушать им: «Вот! Смотрите на этих славных, умных пришельцев!<br />
Как они прекрасно ведут свои общественные дела! Они приобретают<br />
все, благоденствуют, а вы с каждым днем все долее и долее<br />
теряете свою собственность! Берите с них пример и пр. и пр.».<br />
Нет никакого сомнения, что почтенный автор банковиады все<br />
это понимает не хуже нас, но его, быть может, волнует его собственная<br />
собака «зарытая в другом месте», т. е. интересы горожан.<br />
Автор банковиады, скрывающийся под буквой Г., отлично известен<br />
мне, но, дорожа литературным приличием, не хочу я<br />
последовать его примеру и разоблачить его псевдоним.<br />
Акакий<br />
Мая 12-го 1894 г. Тифлис<br />
Газ. «Новое обозрение»,<br />
№ 3568, 15/V, 1894<br />
181
Вынужденное объяснение<br />
(письмо в редакцию)<br />
В № 3694 газ. «Новое обозр.» помещена статья под заглавием<br />
«Министр земледелия на марганцевых промыслах» со следующей<br />
припиской: «До чего доходит скромность и благодушие этого бескорыстного<br />
деятеля (Симоновича), видно из того, что он даже не<br />
пикнул, когда один из наших самохвалов развязно провозгласил себя<br />
в печати «открывателем» кавказского марганца и сам надел на<br />
себя венец Колумба». Ясно, что все это написано с целью не столько<br />
похвалить г. Симоновича, сколько задеть кого-то «одного из наших<br />
самохвалов». Чтобы публика по ошибке не приписала этого<br />
намека тому известному у нас господину, который публично уверяет<br />
всех и вся, что он взял Карс, производил генералов, поучал<br />
министров, распекал европейских первоклассных ученых, что вообще<br />
без него ничего не делается, и что даже аисты по его указанию<br />
вьют себе гнезда и пр. и пр., я должен признаться, что этот<br />
намек сделан на меня; но посмотрим, насколько он справедлив: за<br />
все время марганцевого производства у нас, мне раз только пришлось<br />
дать объяснение, и то вынужденное, в котором я рассказывал<br />
историю чиатурского марганца. В статье этой я говорю, что честь<br />
открытия марганца у нас (еще в тридцатых годах) принадлежит<br />
академику Абиху, а затем дальнейшее исследование – г. Симоновичу.<br />
Указания и исследования этих ученых до сих пор все еще<br />
лежали бы втуне, как все прочие в этом роде, если бы я, по совету<br />
этого же самого Симоновича, не взялся за это дело; 12 лет я возился<br />
с этим новым для нас делом, преодолел все препятствия, которых<br />
было немало, сам прогорел, но результат был все-таки достигнут,<br />
что и требовалось доказать: дело получило известность, и<br />
тогда только все те, которые не верили в это дело, с успехом взялись<br />
за него. Спрашивается, где же тут мое самохвальство? Мало<br />
ли у нас рудных месторождений, уже исследованных, но втуне лежащих,<br />
так как никто за них не берется! А как трудно браться за<br />
такие дела, чтобы поставить их на ноги, тому примером могут служить<br />
залежи каменноугольных копий, эксплуатируемые не таким,<br />
как я, а такими дельцами как Н.Я Николадзе! И что же мы видим до<br />
сих пор? Только то, что капиталы как самого Николадзе, так и всех<br />
привлеченных им к соучастию лиц, «горят себе, горят», а сам уголь<br />
до сих пор остается неприкосновенным в первоначальной чистоте.<br />
182
Из всего этого выходит заключение, что я – «самохвал», по меньшей<br />
мере, смешно! Напротив! Я глубоко ненавижу хвастунов, а<br />
подчас даже подсмеиваюсь над ними, за что они и кидают грязью в<br />
меня из-за угла, подобно автору вышеупомянутой статьи, который,<br />
чтобы только пофигурировать на обеде, данном марганцепромышленниками,<br />
рекомендовал себя марганцевладельцем и товарищем<br />
одного крупного производителя; меня же не было на этом обеде, за<br />
что и получил от многих замечания, а в числе их и от самого г.<br />
Симоновича! Приведу его слова: «Кому, кому, а тебе следовало<br />
быть на этом обеде, как немало потрудившемуся в деле производства<br />
этого марганца и самому тоже крупному марганцевладельцу!<br />
Мне - так, благодаря Нико, устроили овации, а я был ужасно сконфужен.<br />
Ты знаешь, я тоже не люблю этих фигурирований, хотел я<br />
возражать и напомнить им о тебе, но, зная твой характер, умолчал».<br />
На этом я кончаю свой ответ, ибо полагаю, что любовь к правде и<br />
всем известная добросовестность г. Симоновича обяжут его дать<br />
разъяснения автору статьи, тому рыцарю без страха и упрека, который<br />
не церемонится называть меня «самохвалом».<br />
Кн. Акакий Церетели<br />
Газ. «Новое обозрение»,<br />
№ 3695, 15/IX, 1894<br />
183
Чистосердечный ответ<br />
Метил я в ястреба, попал в ворону. К величайшему моему сожалению,<br />
автором заметки оказался г. Николадзе, с которым давно<br />
я прервал всякие сношения и решил избегать его, где бы и как бы<br />
ни ухищрялся он выступить против меня; но, благодаря невольной<br />
ошибке, на этот раз приходится нарушить свой обет и, конечно, в<br />
последний раз. В статье, напечатанной в № 3696 газ «Нов. Обозр.»,<br />
наговорить со свойственной ему развязностью массу небылиц, г.<br />
Николадзе, не краснея, восклицает: «Если этот мой рассказ не<br />
верен, то пусть кн. Ак. Церетели укажет читателям «Нов. Обозр.», в<br />
чем собственно заключается его заслуга, в каком начинании, в какой<br />
комбинации, в какой новой идее, в каких до него неведомых<br />
трудах? Не все ли мне равно, кого воспевать – его или г. Симоновича?<br />
Было бы лишь за что. Но кн. Ак. Церетели, увы, не укажет<br />
ничего подобного».<br />
В чем заключается мое участие в этом деле, об этом подробно<br />
изложено мною в моем «Вынужденном объяснении», напечатанном<br />
в грузинской газете «Иверия», №266 за 1893 год. Повторяться<br />
и зря утомлять читателей, не особенно, полагаю, интересующихся<br />
тем, кто именно инициатор этого дела – я или другой, - я не решаюсь,<br />
но если кто-нибудь из тех, которые не знают грузинского<br />
языка, действительно интересуются этим делом, чтобы иметь понятие<br />
о моем самохвальстве или правдивости г. Николадзе, я к его<br />
услугам: с удовольствием дам ему в руки доказательства не только<br />
всего того, что сказано мной в вышеупомянутой статье, но еще<br />
большего.<br />
Напрасно «грозный» публицист подкапывается под сказанную<br />
правду, чтобы досадить мне; смею его уверить, что это дело, какое<br />
бы оно место ни заняло в истории русского народного хозяйства,<br />
меня не может интересовать со стороны личного самолюбия, ибо я<br />
не из тех болезненных себялюбцев, которые, вообразив, что взяли<br />
первоклассные крепости, требуют себе в награду орден с. Георгия<br />
и, не получив его, себя же утешают тем, что «невоенным, мол не<br />
полагается», и обо всем этом смело повествуют целому миру. Я<br />
охотно готов уступить честь инициаторства в марганцевом деле у<br />
нас г. Николадзе, ибо он его так комично добивается, как увидит<br />
читатель ниже. Теперь же я укажу на перлы его полемических приемов.<br />
Я упомянул в своей первой статье о «Вынужденном объясне-<br />
184
нии», напечатанном мною в газете «Иверия», где подробно говорится<br />
и об академике Абихе, и о геологе Симоновиче, но он, г.<br />
Николадзе, ухватился за вскользь сказанные слова в одном из моих<br />
воспоминаний в «Квали», повыдернул оттуда с обычной ему ловкостью<br />
слова, обрадовался своей уловке и давай плясать под свой<br />
же аккомпанемент; спрашивается, для чего он прибегал к такой<br />
передержке. Неужели сознательно? Склонен думать, что нет! А<br />
просто по привычке, ибо кому так часто приходится маневрировать<br />
при взятии первоклассных крепостей, вроде Карса, тот не может<br />
также не поманеврировать на публицистическом поприще; здесь<br />
бы мне хотелось прекратить всяческие разговоры о г. Николадзе,<br />
но в его измышлениях есть одно комическое место, до того характеризующее<br />
автора, что не могу не указать его. Вот оно:<br />
«Когда Сп. Г.Симонович открыл кн. Ак. Церетели глаза насчет<br />
промышленного и рыночного значения нашего марганца, кн. Ак.<br />
Церетели не располагал ни средствами самому взяться за разработку<br />
этого материала, ни связями, которые могли доставить ему необходимые<br />
на то капиталы. В этом досадном положении носитель<br />
секрета, открытого ему г. Симоновичем, принужден был обратиться<br />
к содействию одного из своих знакомых, имевшего в те поры<br />
(дело было в 1873-1874 г.) довольно значительные заграничные<br />
сношения. Кн. Ак. Церетели доверчиво посвятил этого знакомого<br />
во все расчеты и предложения Г.Симоновича, с просьбою приискать<br />
за границей капиталистов, могущих взяться за столь выгодное<br />
дело. Знакомый, побывав за границей, посоветовался об этом предприятии<br />
с такими авторитетными геологами, как гг. Перноле (позже<br />
депутат) и Бараль (позже министр финансов и президент совета).<br />
Все они порознь единодушно советовали не обращаться в этом<br />
деле к помощи капиталистов».<br />
Кто был этот всемогущий, с большими связями, непростой знакомец,<br />
к которому будто бы обращался я, думаю, не трудно угадать<br />
всякому; это, конечно, сам г. Николадзе. Но изволите ли видеть, по<br />
свойственной ему всем известной скромности, конфузится называть<br />
себя. Оказывается, он первый познакомил Европу с кавказским<br />
марганцем, сообщив об этом таким знаменитым французам,<br />
как депутат Перноле, секретарь Бараль и министр финансов, президент<br />
совета, Рувье! Вот с какими тузами имел сношения г.<br />
Николадзе, ведь не чета они тому тифлисскому портному Андрею<br />
Капанадзе, дальше которого не пошел Ак. Церетели! Как все это<br />
185
внушительно и эффектно, да жаль только, что это мыльные пузыри<br />
собственного изобретения! Совершенно верно, что Н.Я.Николадзе<br />
привез из-за границы различных аферистов по своим ткибульским<br />
делам, но каких? Вот вопрос! Привез, например, однажды некоего<br />
Задера и отрекомендовал его владельцем богатейших залежей каменноугольных<br />
копий в Европе, но, к сожалению, рекомендуемый<br />
банкир оказался только кожевником! Это подало повод злым языкам<br />
утверждать, что его привезли будто бы с целью сдирать кожи с<br />
наивных владельцев ткибульских каменноугольных копий, но, слава<br />
Богу, пророчество их не сбылось, напротив того, сам кожевник<br />
едва не лишился собственной шкуры, и тогда все видевшие это у<br />
нас запели хором ту самую песню, которую г. Николадзе так неуместно<br />
повторяет в своей теперешней статье «худые песни соловью<br />
в когтях у кошки».<br />
Но об этом почему-то находит нужным умолчать сам г.<br />
Николадзе, потому и мы не будем распространяться больше, перейдем<br />
прямо к тем трем светилам, которых рекомендует нам их ловкий<br />
чичероне. Действительно, приезжали с ним каких-то три француза<br />
(их коих один – Рувье, которого после смерти от паралича,<br />
случившегося с ним в 1874 г., г. Николадзе производит в министры<br />
финансов и даже в президенты совета). Они поканканировав около<br />
Ткибули, уехали себе подобру-поздорову домой.<br />
Но, допустим, что они, действительно были теми, кем их рекомендовал<br />
Н.Я.Николадзе, а четвертый, состоявший при них слугой,<br />
был сам президент Республики инкогнито, - что ж из этого? Какое<br />
отношение могли они иметь к марганцу, когда в то время, т.е. в<br />
1873 году, о кавказском марганце и помину не было! Первые исследования<br />
марганца, частным образом сделанные для меня г. Симоновичем,<br />
было в 1875, а второе, официальное в 1880 году. Конечно,<br />
ничто не помещает г. Николадзе сказать, что еще другой раз приезжали<br />
совсем другие, но только случайно носящие одни и те же имена<br />
и титулы с прежними, приехавшими в 1873 году, и что к ним-то<br />
он и обращался по моей просьбе. Но, увы! И этому не поверит никто,<br />
кому только известно мое мнение об этом великом нашем общественном<br />
деятеле, Н. Я. Николадзе! Еще в то время, когда он<br />
только что вернулся из-за границы, меня спрашивали, какого я мнения<br />
о молодом вьюне, и вот мой тогдашний ответ: «в известном<br />
смысле, он превосходит Алкивиада, ибо тот только у своей собственной<br />
собаки отрезал хвост, чтобы заставить афинян говорить о<br />
186
себе, а этот не поцеремонится резать и у чужих». С тех пор я еще<br />
больше укрепился во мнении, что г. Николадзе, благодаря своей<br />
геростратовской страсти, сжигал все готовое и вообще, при малейшем<br />
прикосновении, способен только путать всякого рода дела и<br />
губить их, как бы они ни были прочно поставлены другими.<br />
Может быть, я заблуждаюсь, но дело в том, что, держась такого<br />
мнения, я не могу к нему обращаться никогда не только наяву, но и<br />
во сне; и, должно быть, все, что он пишет, ему самому приснилось<br />
без моего участия. Что же касается до совета, заимствованного им у<br />
хроникера «Нов. Обозр.» и преподнесенного мне, считаю его для<br />
себя лишним: у меня есть собственное правило – быть искренним,<br />
правдивым и по возможности скромным не только на литературном<br />
поприще, но и во всех общественных делах, ибо кто увлекается<br />
одними только фокусами и довольствуется временными, дешево<br />
купленными у толпы успехами, тот напоминает того жалкого актера,<br />
который, довольствуясь хлопушками раешников, мнит себя великим<br />
артистом и не замечает, как серьезные люди отворачиваются<br />
от него ∗ ).<br />
Кн. Акакий Церетели.<br />
Ред.<br />
Газ. «Новое обозрение»,<br />
№ 3698, 4/X, 1894<br />
∗ нельзя не сожалеть, что настоящая полемика приняла характер личной<br />
перебранки. Главный предмет ее первоначально был очень интересен: для<br />
будущего нашей промышленности было бы весьма полезно выяснить вопрос о<br />
возникновении одной из важных ее отраслей.<br />
187
Открытое письмо к Д.Н. Бакрадзе<br />
Многоуважаемый Давид Николаевич!<br />
Письмо ваше, напечатанное в № 3707 «Нов. Обозр.», очевидно,<br />
написано под минутным впечатлением тех статей Н.Я.Николадзе,<br />
которые очень смело и бесцеремонно были пущены по моему адресу.<br />
В маленькой заметке моей, напечатанной год тому назад в<br />
«Квали», где приводилось и ваше коротенькое письмо, ничего<br />
обидного не было для вас, а тем более ничего лестного и хвастливого<br />
также и для меня!.. Это ясно для всех, кто только может читать<br />
и понимать написанное на грузинском языке. Для тех же, кто<br />
знакомы с нею только по переводам и разъяснениям г. Николадзе, я<br />
поставлен в необходимость еще раз повторить ее, чтобы выяснить<br />
истину. Не только до вас, но и после вас не раз обращались ко мне<br />
и обращаются некоторые господа с такими же фразами, какие<br />
имеются в вашем письме. Чистосердечны эти слова или только насмешка,<br />
- я не знаю и предоставляю вам самим судить, но дело в<br />
том, что подобные приветствия и комплименты, клянусь вам, меня<br />
всегда ставили и ставят в неловкое положение. Когда я при вашем<br />
письме получал и реальное доказательство сказанного, я понял, что<br />
вы ваше пожертвование назначили на какое-нибудь благотворительное<br />
дело и выбор предмета предоставили мне. Я так и сделал,<br />
отослав эти деньги на фонд для собирания народных былин и сказок.<br />
Тогда же явилась у меня мысль указать на ваш пример и всем<br />
тем остальным, которые с такими же речами, как вы, обращались<br />
ко мне, ибо мне гораздо приятнее было видеть сочувствие других к<br />
намеченному делу, чем самому лично получать подаяние!.. Это<br />
ясно, кажется, и потому не понимаю ваших двух упреков, сделанных<br />
мне. Если действительно я не так понял смысл вашего письма<br />
или изменил что-нибудь, то простите великодушно, но я слишком<br />
дорожу вашим письмом, чтобы терять его!.. оно у меня, и я могу<br />
вернуть его вам, когда угодно и при ком угодно!..<br />
Что же касается до анекдота о Даламбере и Вольтере, то это,<br />
конечно, я должен принять за маленькую шутку с вашей стороны,<br />
но не знаю, как и чем я ее заслужил, ибо не чувствую в себе<br />
Вольтера и за спиною не ощущаю не только миллионной, но и рублевой<br />
славы!.. Мнение же ваше о погоне моей за копеечной славой<br />
более чем ошибочно!.. Ни в практической моей жизни, ни литературной<br />
деятельности я ее, кажется, не проявлял. Это, я думаю, вам<br />
188
лично больше известно, чем кому бы то ни было; но в данном<br />
случае, видно, вы поддались влиянию тех публицистических потуг<br />
г. Николадзе, после которых всегда выходит что-нибудь смешное!..<br />
Пусть другие недоумевают, почему г. Николадзе понадобилось задеть<br />
без всякого повода меня, княгиню Е. Церетели и других? Но<br />
вы, который давно знакомы с характером его писаний вообще, не<br />
могли не угадать и уели: очистить поле деятельности своим доверителям<br />
и разогнать всех, так или иначе прикосновенных к марганцевому<br />
делу. Повторяю, не следовало вам обращать внимания на<br />
его писания, особенно после его полемических приемов в отношении<br />
ко мне!.. Видно, не сверяли вы его перевода и разъяснения с<br />
моим оригиналом. Это более всего меня беспокоит, и, чтобы вывести<br />
вас из заблуждения, я должен указать вам на них. В своих<br />
статьях г. Николадзе фигурирует в двух противоположных ролях:<br />
обвиняемого и обвинителя. Посмотрим, каков он в той или другой?<br />
Рассказ его о депутате, сенаторе и министре-президенте напомнил<br />
мне реплику гоголевского ревизора о департаменте, сенате и министерстве.<br />
На это я указал мимоходом и тут же оговорился, что г.<br />
Николадзе способен сказать, что три французика, которые приезжали<br />
с ним, были одни, а эти три – совсем другие. Так и вышло: он<br />
смело повторяет, что когда трое приехали сюда, то во Франции остались<br />
еще трое других!.. Не то же самое говорил и гоголевский герой,<br />
когда напомнили ему, что автор Юрия Милославского другой?<br />
Это и сему подобные увертки он называет серьезным оправданием,<br />
и пусть себе!..<br />
Посмотрим теперь, как он объясняет!.. Несмотря на его бесцеремонное<br />
искажение смысла моих слов при переводе, даже и по его<br />
отрывкам можно угадать, как он силится предавать каждой фразе<br />
не то значение, какое нужно. Если я говорю в моей статье, что<br />
марганец был известен и местным жителям, называвшим его «квагунда»,<br />
и что Абих, Симонович и другие в своих геологических<br />
изысканиях упоминают о нем, как о минерале, не распространяясь<br />
о его практическом применении и способе его эксплуатации, - разве<br />
это значит умолять их заслуги, как ученых? Когда я говорю, что<br />
геологи в своих описаниях, где говорится о марганце, тут же повторяют<br />
и слова: мергаль, базальт, сенит, конгломерат и другие, но<br />
что масса одинаково интересуется и теми и другими, то неужели<br />
это значит, что я конгломерат принимаю за минерал? Очень дешевое<br />
остроумие!.. Еще остроумнее его разъяснения «Тер Нуар». Я<br />
189
говорил, что существовало общество под фирмою «Тер Нуар», которое<br />
экспортировало рейнский марганец и проч.… Этого, вероятно,<br />
не знал всеведущий публицист и обратился к своему вечному<br />
помощнику, т.е. к энциклопедическому словарю. Вычитав оттуда,<br />
что «Тер Нуар» - это маленький городок близ Сант-Этьена, во<br />
Франции, обрадовался своему открытию, и давай хихикать и свистеть.<br />
Если кто-нибудь спрашивает гостиницу, и ему указывают на<br />
«Лондон» у Михайловского моста, то значит ли это, что его отсылают<br />
в Англию, ибо Лондон там?!.. Не есть ли это беззубая выходка?<br />
Утверждать, печально, что не я первый начал разрабатывать<br />
марганец да еще ссылаться на свидетельство г. Симоновича – это<br />
значит не уважать своих собственных слов!.. И почему мой нотариальный<br />
арендный договор с Андрониковой, по которому два года<br />
приходилось платить арендаторше, г. Николадзе угодно назвать<br />
сомнительным? Ведь за договоры сомнительные приходится отвечать<br />
перед законом, но, слава Богу, ничего подобного не случилось<br />
в Чиатурском районе ни со мною, ни с другими, тогда как в<br />
Ткибульском районе подобные дела бывали, о чем не безызвестно<br />
и г. Николадзе!.. Не путает ли он марганец с каменным углем, и<br />
Чиатури с Ткибули? Но, довольно обо всем этом!.. Для характеристики<br />
достаточно и этих немногих примеров, чтобы не распространяться<br />
дальше!.. И вот, многоуважаемый Давид Николаевич, на кого<br />
вы обратили внимание, кем вы увлеклись, и зря, без всякого поводы<br />
с его стороны, обидели одного из преданных вам друзей!<br />
190<br />
А. Церетели<br />
Газ. «Новое обозрение»,<br />
№ 3721, 27/X, 1894
pasuxi mter-moyvrebs<br />
adamians rom Sublis kani gaumagrdeba da sircxvilnamuss<br />
dahkargavs, maSin enasac igrZelebs, rom Tavisi<br />
Cirqi sxvas gadascxos rogorme. minaxavs kacismkvlelebi,<br />
TavisgamarTlebas rom veRar axerxebden, brals mokluls<br />
adebden: `TviTon Semomakvdao!..~ agreTve Sevxvedrivar<br />
qurds, rom amtkicebda: me ki ar movipare fuli, me ki ar<br />
davxarje, TviTon SemomeWama _ Semomexrjao. TiTqmis<br />
marTla fuls daetanebios Zala adamianisaTvis, rom mas<br />
qurdoba Caedina. swored amnairad meqcevian me is vaJbatonebi,<br />
federalistebis qurqSi gamoxveulebi, viTom sazogado<br />
saqmisaTvis Tavdadebulebi, saqveyno saqmes ake-<br />
Teben. xmas avrceleben gazeTebis saSualobiT, viTomc me<br />
federalistebis winaaRmdegad gamovsuliyavi da kita<br />
abaSiZisTvis Savis micema msurvebodes. RmerTi, rjuli,<br />
rom es tyuilia. me sruliad ar mdomebia arCevanSi Careva.<br />
TviTon gamomiwvies da roca gamaSaves, mere momaweres is,<br />
rac me ar Camidenia. _ Cem amrCevlebs araferi federalistebis<br />
Sesaxeb ar hqoniaT mxedvelobaSi. aq iyo mxolod<br />
sapirado mosazreba, usamarTlo da Savi. da Tu me xmas ar<br />
viReb da fardas ar vxdi simarTles, maqvs amisi mizezi:<br />
`zogjer Tqma sjobs uTqmelobas, zogjer TqmiTac daSavdebiso~,<br />
ambobs rusTveli da amas xalxi amatebs: `moqneuli<br />
da mozomili ar xazulao~. amisi ar iyos, arc me minda<br />
saqveynod gamomJRavneba werilobiT da mitomac vsTxov im<br />
Cem mowinaaRmdege kitaelebs, rom samediatoro samar-<br />
TalSi gamomyven. dee, im mediatorebma ganixilon saqme da<br />
rasac isini gadaswyveten, veTanxmebi. me Cemis mxriT mediatorebad<br />
vniSnav: vano eliaSvils da iakob fancxavas,<br />
orives federalists.<br />
akaki<br />
[1912 wlis Semodgoma]<br />
191
saqvelmoqmedo Widaoba<br />
Sin rom davbrudi, gazeTs wavavle xeli gasarTobad da<br />
ai, ra wavikiTxe axal ambebSi: `goris mazris Tavadaznaur-<br />
Ta winamZRolis TavosnobiT xval gorSi Widaoba gaimar-<br />
Teba qalTa saswavleblis da wiTel-jvris sasargeblodo...~<br />
romeli dargis xelovnebaa es Widaoba? ar viciT,<br />
magram es ki, rom vinc imas misdevs, etyoba, im Skolis aRmsarebelia,<br />
romelsac usargeblo xelovneba ara swams.<br />
Widaobac marto xelovnebisTvis ar aris gamogonebuli,<br />
saqvelmoqmedoTac gamosadegia! da mosawonic aris _<br />
erTi, rom patriotulia da masTanac am xelovnebasTan<br />
fexovnebac gauyrelia, radganac xelebic da fexebic moqmedebaSi<br />
arian Widaobis dros!... etyoba, es kargad esmis<br />
meTaursac... vaSa, rom kidev axsovT Cveni mama-papuri gar-<br />
Toba... Widaoba... es kia, rom am Widaobas iseTive daniSnuleba<br />
aqvs, rogorc SimSilobis drom mSivrebisTvis piknikebis<br />
gamarTvas: iq xalxi iJliTeba da aq ki imaT sasargeblod<br />
bRlaZunoben... iq sisxli iRvreba da aq ofli! _ Widaobaze<br />
did Zali xalxi daswrebia. axlad gamoCenili mo-<br />
Widave ceraZe datakebia Zvel moWidaves muStiZes... muStiZe<br />
[ ] 1 ceraZes, magram mere veRar gaurCeviaT xarxarSi<br />
vin vis Zala... xalxs Rriali dauwyia:<br />
vaSa! vaSao!.. rogor Tu vaSao... vaSa ki ara `naSao~, urrao!<br />
mayureblebs guli [ ] 2 _ ceraZe kerZo iyoo da muSti-<br />
Ze qristiani da aba, vnaxoT vin vis waaqcevso _ zogi<br />
ceraZisken, zogi muStiZisken, sulganabuli SeCereboden.<br />
ceraZis da muStiZis [xelovnebiT] jibaZes usargeblia. Semosavali<br />
didi yofila, magram ujiblarad verc es Widaoba<br />
gadarCenila. amboben, jiblaric [7444] iyoo!..<br />
1 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
2 sityva ar ikiTxeba.<br />
192<br />
akaki wereTeli<br />
[1914 wlis agvisto _ 24 dekemberi]
193
194
* * *<br />
[sityva dimitri yifianis dasaflavebazed]<br />
Senis sicocxlis dros siamovnebiTa da mowiwebiT Sen<br />
win Tavmoxrili, dRes mwuxarebiT movidrek muxls, rom<br />
ukanasknelad Tayvanisce Sens gacivebuls gvams, avazakebisgan<br />
sicocxle damwarebuls.<br />
mnaTobi sxiv-momfinared amobrwyinebuli sxiv gafantviTve<br />
Caesveneba imav didebiT da ZlierebiT, romliTac<br />
amoelvarebula da naTeli srbola misi yvelasTvis saTval-daTvaloa,<br />
Tvinier brmebisa. da Senc, arseba naTelo,<br />
rogorc sicocxle, ise sikvdili Seni Seiqn yvelasaTvis<br />
saTval-daTvalo da maS, Senda saqebad, sadideblad raRa<br />
vsTqva iseTi, rom saqarTvelos erTis kuTxidam meoremde<br />
ar enaxosT, ar gaegonosT da ar egrZnosT. umetesma nawilma<br />
imereTisam, Senzed mgloviarem, ar icis, ragvari<br />
gvirgvini unda gadmogxuros, dafnisa Tu yvavilebisa...<br />
ara, arc erTi... da eg xom Cveulebriv movlinebaT gadaiqca<br />
CvenSi da Sen ki, romlis sicocxleca da sikvdilic ara<br />
Cveulebrivi iyo, Sen, romelmac Sens sicocxleSi mxolod<br />
eklis gvirgvini atare, Cveulebrivi aRara gagebedeboda<br />
ra da verc SemogkadreT.<br />
da aha, xelcalieri, ugvirgvino vdgevarT Sen win da<br />
mxolod cremlebs vafrqvevT gulwrfelad Sens bedSavs,<br />
magram didebuls kubos. dee, uRvTo-urjulod daTxeuls<br />
Sens sisxls SeeTanaziaros cremli simarTlisa da gulwrfelobisa,<br />
rom orTave erTad SeerTebulad windaT daidvas<br />
ima momavlisaTvis, romelsac Sen mTel Sens sicocxles<br />
swiravdi da Rirsic gaxdi, rom iwodo namdvil<br />
dimitri Tavdadebulad.<br />
mSvidobiT, xorcielad Cvengan dakargulo, magram sulierad<br />
ki saSviliSvilo mokavSirev, Cveno dido moZRvaro!<br />
1887<br />
195
* * *<br />
g l o v a<br />
ZvelTaganve samas samoc-da-xuTi taZari agebula<br />
saqarTveloSi wminda giorgis saxelobaze, rom wlis ganmavlobaSi,<br />
yovel dRe moexsenebia qveyanas da edidebia<br />
misi didi mfarveli, mTavar-mowame, dReidan erTic kidev<br />
unda miematos da ganxdes samas samoc-da-eqvsi, nakis Sesavsebad!..<br />
es aris survili, dRes moulodnelad aRelvebul<br />
saqarTvelosi, rom miT gulis-tkivili Seimsubuqos<br />
da uzomo mwuxareba odnaT mainc moiqarvos!.. da ra movlenia<br />
Cven mxares, rom ase aRSfoTebula? mosisxle leng-<br />
Temuri xom ar mosCvenebia xel-axlad? an mzakvari Sahabasi<br />
xom ar molandebia? da an moRalateebisagan saqar-<br />
Tvelos asaoxreblad waqezebuli xoja-xani xom ar gaTvaliswinebia?<br />
ara!.. maSin xom gul-gatexili qarTveli, Seupovrobis<br />
niSnad, mrisxanebiT anTebul TvalTagan naperwklebs<br />
gamoafrqvevda da dRes ki cremlebsa hRvris, ohxvriT<br />
Senakazms! _ mgloviared damjdara, magram visze?<br />
saarako daviT aRmaSenebeli xom ar agondeba? an saocar<br />
Tamars xom ar ixsenebs da an sasiqadulo giorgi brwyinvalis<br />
samares xom ar dahyurebs? ara! ara! da ara!!!! didi<br />
xania, qarTvelTa madlierma gulma sasoebiT Caisvena<br />
gulSi saSviliSvilod maTi kubo!...<br />
dRes sul sxva aris mizezi qveynis aRSfoTebisa: dahkarga<br />
is, vinc dasakargavad ar emeteboda!.. iglovs did<br />
mTavars memkvidre cesareviCs, romelic garemoebam Semoaxizna<br />
saqarTvelos da vinc Tavisi did-bunebovneba Seuferad-SeuTanxma<br />
saqarTvelos diad bunebas. stiris mas,<br />
vinc ganurCevlad gvartomobisa miudgomlobis da simar-<br />
Tlis sxivs afenda, miT guls ubrunebda da nugeSs aZlevda<br />
devnul-CagrulTa. qristes mier gulTamxilaobiT<br />
dagvirgvinebulma Seiyvara qveyana da miT Seayvara Tavi<br />
196
ers imdenad, rom Tavis Tavad moipova wodeba saalerso<br />
saxelisa: `Cveni giorgi~, am saxeliT SesTxovda saqarTvelo<br />
dRemdi mis dRegrZelobas yovlis SemZlebels da am<br />
saxeliTve dReidgan oxvriT SesTxovs mis saukuno<br />
gansvenebas.<br />
* * *<br />
samocianelTa winamorbedi<br />
akakis sityva giorgi RoRoberiZis<br />
dakrZalvaze<br />
1899<br />
`aTasi weli, viTarca guSindeli dReo~, _ ambobs winaswarmetyveli,<br />
da marTlac saocari siswrafiT garbis<br />
dro da Tan miaqvs Cveni qveyniuri araraobac!.. guSin ar<br />
iyo, gansvenebuli dagvibrunda ruseTidan, universitet<br />
damTavrebuli, sicocxliT savse? dRes ki, ase male moxucebuls<br />
veTxovebiT saukunod da vabarebT civ samares?<br />
diax, veTxovebiT yvelani _ didi da patara, gaurCevlad<br />
wodebisa da wreebisa, Tanasworad guldawyvetilni.<br />
sakvirvelia! ra miuZRoda am kacs iseTi, rom yvela ase<br />
Svgvkriba mis kubos win? _ brboTa momxiblavi simdidre,<br />
sadiado naboZebi maRalaRmatebuloba, Tu TvalmosaWreli<br />
sxva rame garegani RirsebaTagani? arc erTi ram amgvari,<br />
garda sakuTari Sinagani Rirsebisa, romelsac sazogadoT,<br />
gamorkveviT da Segnebulad umravlesoba vera hxedavs,<br />
magram romelzedac erovnuli grZnoba alRos aaRebinebs<br />
xolme xalxs, da ai, dRes vxedavT swored amis magaliTs.<br />
marTalia, giorgi RoRoberiZes yvela icnobda<br />
uwyinar, mSvidobian da keTil, patiosan kacad, magram es<br />
197
kidev ar kmara qveynis gulis mosagebad; aq kidev sxvac<br />
unda iyos saidumlo, sagulisxmo da Cvenc is unda<br />
gamovarkvioT.<br />
naTqvamia: `erTi mercxali gazafxuls ver moiyvanso~<br />
da Cven ki, Cvenis mxriT, mogaxsenebT, ara Tu erTi mercxali,<br />
mTeli indoeTis gundic erTad ver moiyvans gazafxuls...<br />
piriqiT, mercxlebi mohyavs gazafxuls; magram<br />
xalxi mainc TanaugrZnobs im sasurvel Cits, rogorc<br />
gazafxulis winamorbeds da maxarobels.<br />
ai, swored amisTana winamorbed-maxaroblad moevlina<br />
gansvenebuli giorgi im axalgazrda gunds, romelic Cven-<br />
Si mesamoce wlebis moRvaweebad arian cnobilni.<br />
marTalia, mwerlobiTi saSviliSvilo sabuTi Tavisi<br />
moRvaweobisa ara dautovebia ra gansvenebuls, magram,<br />
Cven mis naamxanagebs, gvaxsovs da movaleca vxdiT Cvens<br />
Tavs, ar daviviwyoT, rom im gzisaken, romelzedac Semdeg-<br />
Si mesamoce wlebis moRvaweebma gaiares CvenSi, pirvelad<br />
giorgi RoRoberiZem migviTiTa. maSasadame, sxva Rirsebac<br />
rom ara hqonoda ra, es erTi faqtic sakmao iyo misda<br />
sasaxelod, da ai kidec vxedavT dRes, ra pativiTac gaixsena<br />
sazogadoebam.<br />
Rirs ars mieniWos mas aq dauviwyari saxeli da iq<br />
saukuno gansveneba!~<br />
198<br />
1900
* * *<br />
[sparseTidan mosuli qarTveli stumrebis<br />
pativsacemad warmoTqmuli sityva]<br />
batonebo!<br />
`rkinas cecxli afoladebs, adamians — gansacdelio~,<br />
_ naTqvamia da am WeSmaritebas dRevandeli, Cveni aq Tavmoyrac<br />
amtkicebs: am orasis wlis wineT Sah abazma moarbia<br />
aRmosavleT saqarTvelo da vinc ki Caigdo xelSi, waiyvana<br />
tyved, Soreul sparseTSi gadaasaxla, rom ufro male<br />
gadaerjulebia. magram ar gamarTlda is Zveli andaza,<br />
rom `Citi sadac daibadeba, misi baRdadic iq ariso!~ Tumca<br />
am orasi wlis ganmavlobaSi, Cven saerTo ara gvqonia ra<br />
im tyve-winaprebis naSierTan, yovelive kavSiri gawyvetili<br />
iyo, magram isini ki, Turme, qarTvelobas gulSi ki<br />
mainc ar iSliden. iq Sobilan, iq gazrdilan, gamoucvliaT<br />
rjuli, radgan RmerTi yvelgan erTia, magram gvar-tomobaze<br />
mainc xeli ar auRiaT da ors maTgans dRes aqa<br />
vxedavT. cudi dro ki Segvixvda mxiarulobisaTvis Cvenca<br />
da maTac! Tu Sah-abazis dros xorcielad iyo dasustebuli<br />
saqarTvelo, dRes sulierad aris, rasac dRevandeli<br />
stiqionuri moZraoba gvimtkicebs, magram am moZraobaSi<br />
Sors mWvreteli dainaxavs momavlis imedebs. dRevandeli<br />
moZraoba bunebrivia: rodesac xangrZlivi gvalvebis Semdeg<br />
mdinare aReldeba, is Tavis kalapotSi veRar eteva,<br />
gadmostexs kideebs, walekavs napirebs, Tan waiyolebs,<br />
rac uvargisi da nametani ram aris da mere isev damSvidebul-dawmendili<br />
Cadgeba Tavisive kalapotSi. eseve emar-<br />
Teba dRes Cven erovnebasac. `zamTari ver SegvaSinebs,<br />
roca gazafxuls moveliT~ da sixaruliT yurs vugdebT<br />
pirvel mercxalTa WikWiks, rogorc maxaroblisas. Cveni<br />
momavali erovnebis gazafxulis mercxlebad vxedavT<br />
199
sparseTidan mosul dRevandel stumrebs da maT samaxaroblo<br />
WikWiks mivayolebT Cvenebur, qarTul, gul-gaSlil<br />
`mravalJamiers~!.. vsvam maT sadRegrZelos da vinatroT,<br />
rom male damdgariyos dro: erTobis, Zmobis da<br />
siyvarulisa.<br />
* * *<br />
[ramdenime sityva gansvenebul grigol<br />
episkoposze]<br />
akaki<br />
[1907]<br />
`mkvdarze an kargi da an sul araferio!~ _ ambobs er-<br />
Ti laTinuri andaza. cota ar iyos, es andaza iezuituria!..<br />
mkvdars mitom ki ar moixsenieben, rom imas kargad<br />
rame Seasminon; cocxlebis gasagonad amboben, rasac amboben,<br />
rom kargi saxelmZRvanelod daudvan da cudi Tavidan<br />
aacdeninon. _ swored am ganzraxviT yofila gamsWvaluli<br />
is korespondentic, romelmac gazeTSid dabeWda gansvenebul<br />
grigol episkoposis biografia. im biografiaSi<br />
carieli ginebis meti ara aris ra!.. TiTqos, araferi Rirseba<br />
ara hqondes im gansvenebuls da Cven ki amaze ver<br />
veTanxmebiT avtors. sxvaTa Soris is azric gamohyavs, rom<br />
viTomc gansvenebuli Rirsi ar yofiliyos episkoposis xarisxis,<br />
rogorc gaunaTlebeli kaci, radganac rusis saswavlebelSi<br />
arsad yofila, arc akademia hqonia gaTavebuli<br />
da arc seminaria, _ es marTalia, magram, is iyo qar-<br />
Tul monasterSi gazrdili, martvilSi, zedmiwevniT icoda<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> da savsebiT esmoda saRmrTo werilic. Tu es<br />
ase ar yofiliyos, is marTla ar iqneboda Rirsi im xarisxis,<br />
romelic xelSi eWira!.. <strong>qarTuli</strong> sasuliero litera-<br />
200
tura mdidaria, siwmindiT daculi da advilad gasagebi.<br />
Cveni saRmrTo werili iTargmna maSin, roca ena samudamod<br />
damTavrebuli iyo da mitom aris, rom dResac yvelas ase<br />
naTlad esmis, rogorc esmodaT Cvens winaprebs meoTxe da<br />
mexuTe saukuneSi. da mitomac saqarTvelo erTaderTi<br />
marTlmadidebeli xalxia, romelsac arodes araviTari<br />
mwvalebloba rjulSi ar Semoparvia. da sxvagan ki saRmrTo<br />
werilis sityva aRar esmodaT, am senma mravalgvarad<br />
moikida fexi. ruseTis patriarxma nikonma moindoma, rom<br />
Tanamedrove rusul eniT gadaesworebia Zveli slavianuri<br />
maTi saRmrTo werili, magram ver gaiyvana Tvisi survili<br />
da mitomac aris, rom yvelas Taviseburad esmoda gaugebari<br />
ram da Cndeboda sxva-da-sxva gvari seqtebi. jerjerobiT<br />
ormoc mwvaleblebze metia ruseTSi da Tan-da-<br />
Tan matulobs.<br />
Semcdari arian is rusis moZRvrebi, romelnic amtkiceben,<br />
rom marTlmadidebel sarwmunoebisaTvis, sakmao<br />
aris mxolod rwmena, guliTadi rwmena da sxva araferio!<br />
magram gonebis dauxmareblad? Tuki adamians samoZRvro<br />
ena ar esmis, Segnebuli ara aqvs, rasac eTayvaneba da mxolod<br />
TuTiyuSurad CaZaxeb-amoZaxebis meti ara exerxeba<br />
ra, ra qristianoba eTqmis? da an rogor SeiZleba is iwamos<br />
kacma, rac ar esmis? rusuli saRmrTo werili naTargmnia<br />
slavianurad. am eniT dRes aRaravin ar laparakobs.<br />
TviT mqadageblebsac aRar eyurebaT da xalxma raRa unda<br />
gaigos? ai amas aswavlian seminaria-akademiebSi da amas<br />
afiqreben. iq ornive <strong>qarTuli</strong> Tu saRmrTo werili, ubralo<br />
samxedro enac ki akrZalulia. aqedan ra igulisxmeba?<br />
_ is, rom SeiZleba marto <strong>qarTuli</strong>s codniT Rirsi gaxdes<br />
ara Tu mRvdlobis, episkoposobisac ki da agreTve ginda<br />
akademiac hqondes gaTavebuli, Tu sagangebod mere ar<br />
iswavla Sin <strong>qarTuli</strong>, uRirsi iyos mRvdelobisac ki.<br />
aq erTi ram magondeba. imereTis episkopozs, gabriels<br />
miadga diplomiT xelSi seminarieli da moiTxova, rom<br />
mRvdlad ekurTxebia. radganac seminariels ufleba xel-<br />
201
Si eWira, akurTxes da gaamweses zemo imereTisaken. axlad<br />
gamwesebuls, <strong>qarTuli</strong> rom ar exerxeboda, slavianurad<br />
swiravda, rac aravis ar eyureboda. didmarxva rom dadga,<br />
mrevlma sTxova <strong>qarTuli</strong> wirva-locva gagvagoneo. mRvdelma<br />
ifiqra, gaduTargmni qarTulad sityvebs da is iqnebao.<br />
erTxel locva sinanulisa rom unda eTqva, Taviseburad<br />
viTom gadaTargmna: `he, ufalo, cxovrebisa Cemisa~... ve-<br />
Rar moaxerxa da wamoiZaxa: `Sen hei ufalo, muclisa Cemisa<br />
da sxvani~.<br />
dResac im ganaTlebulebs, romelTac gazepirebuli<br />
aqvsT kaWkaWurad slavianuri, yoliferi esmisT, garda<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong>sa da saRmrTo movaleobisa!..da Tu amas xedavda<br />
gansvenebuli grigoli da xan da xan Tu upiratesobas aZlevda<br />
kurTxevis dros Sin gazrdilebs, es niSnavs urCobas,<br />
umaRles brZanebis ausruleblobas da ara imas, rasac<br />
korespondenti ewameba!.. CvenSi imdenad gafuWebulia haeri,<br />
rom erTmaneTis kicxva-gineba sazogado senaT aris<br />
gadaqceuli. qriste RmerTi rom CamobrZandes, imazedac<br />
bevr rames cuds ityvian da gansvenebul grigol episkopozze<br />
rom Tqmuliyos, ra gasakvirvali iqneboda? rac<br />
Seexeba miss moqrTameobas, me imaze baass ar daviwyeb, rac<br />
ar vici, magram es ki makvirvebs, rom, miuxedavad didi<br />
jamagirisa, gansvenebuli yovelTvis ufulod, Raribad<br />
iyo da Raribadac mokvda!.. raTi unda aixsnas es? miTi, rom<br />
is iyo didi saidumlo qvelmoqmedi kaci da sxvaTa Soris<br />
misi xarjiT bevri izrdeboda sxva-da-sxva saswavlebleb-<br />
Si. me am werils ar davwerdi, rom erTs maTgans mainc xma<br />
amoeRo, magram yvela gaCumda, da yvelam qva da gunda<br />
miayara, ase Tu ise, qveynis mokeTes!.. kaci unaklulo ar<br />
SeiZleba, magram roca adamians madli meti miuZRvis codvaze,<br />
is ar aris wasawymedi da gansvenebuli grigolic<br />
swored amisTana iyo da ar adga im gadarjulebul gzas,<br />
romeliTac dRes CvenSi bevri arian gamsWvalulni!.. me<br />
Cemis mxriT vityvi, rom is iyo kargi qarTvelTagani, rac<br />
iSviaTia dRes CvenSi da keTilic iyos misi xseneba.<br />
1908<br />
202
* * *<br />
ucxoeli qali<br />
(leqsi prozad)<br />
morTul-mokazmuli, fer-nacxebi da sarkis win kopwiobiT<br />
daqanculi, gamodis, rom aqeT-iqiT qseli gaabas da<br />
beci buzebi daiWiros. vin arian es buzebi! _ me... Sen... is<br />
da yvela! me ki, rogorc qarTvels, Rimili momdis. Cem sam-<br />
SobloSi xelovnebas jer kidev ar dauCagravs buneba: vardi<br />
TavisuflaT sunnelovnad iSleba da morcxvad Tavsa<br />
hxris da yayaCo medidurobs!.. ese igi, iq, sadac es sami<br />
yvavilovaneba erTad ar SeerTebula, fexs ver ikidebs<br />
siyvaruli!.. siyvaruli namdvili da ara binZuroba. iyo<br />
dro, rom qarTvel qalTa umetesobas, garegnobiT zemoxsenebulad<br />
Semkuls Sinagnoba ekavSireboda. suli xorcs<br />
hscemda naTels da xorci suls SehqaTqaTebda!.. dResac<br />
kidev, Tumca iSviaTad, magram mainc aqa-iq, sadme moipoveba<br />
namdvili qarTveli qali da erT maTgans me kidec ve-<br />
Tayvanebi da es Tayvania uxmo locva-dideba Semoqmedebis!..<br />
jer, sanam mTa-goras moxurebuli mze mwvervalze<br />
Tavs amohyofdes, gaismis ciskris zariviT tkbilad gulis<br />
siRrmemde Camwvdomi misi xmis wkriali. gauRviZnia Cem<br />
satrfos, xel-piri daubania, dauvarcxnia gulmkerdze<br />
datevebuli Tma, Caucvams ubralod da Svilebs istumrebs<br />
saswavlebelSi, rom mere saojaxo saqmes mohkidos xeli da<br />
daRamebamde fexze idges. mTeli dRe moZraobs da misi<br />
moZraoba saarakoa. yoliferi hSvenis: gaiRimebs, TiTqo<br />
ca gaixsnao. moiWmuxnis, TiTqo deda-miwa Seikrao! minaxavs<br />
mis wamwamebze kurcxali Camokidebuli... minaxavs da<br />
Zlivs dadnobas gadavCenivar!.. dRiuri SromiT daqanculi,<br />
RamiT rom qveSsagebSi moisvenebs xolme, TiTqo mTvarem<br />
moifinao, me mivdivar aTrTolebuli, viCoqeb mis win<br />
203
da zegardamo STagonebuli veamborebi mis fexebs!.. veamborebi<br />
mitom, rom im fexebze idga mTeli dRe da im fexebs<br />
mimoqonda aqeT-iqiT!.. wmindaa is ambori, rogorc dedis<br />
cremli da im amborTan erTad gaTavdeba Cemi sicocxlec!<br />
da es ki, [dedabrobaze] xeli auRia da deda _ [zardlad]<br />
gamodis, rom qselSi gamabas! amao amaoT!.. me sul sxva<br />
gvarad mesmis siyvaruli! siyvaruli igive xelovnebaa!<br />
* * *<br />
werili megobrebTan<br />
[1908]<br />
ormocdaaTi wlis iubilei naxevrad panaSvidia da ma-<br />
Sasadame, didi araferi samxiarulo, magram me ki Cemma<br />
iubileim moxucebuloba damitkbo da damaviwya gadasuli<br />
Wir-moTmineba. is TanagrZnoba, romelic me meRirsa ara<br />
marto qarTvelobisagan Sav zRvidan dawyebuli kaspiis<br />
zRvamde, ucxo mezoblebisaganac ki, didi iyo CemTvis.<br />
bednieri var miTi, rom Cemma patara moRvaweobam amisTana<br />
dros CvenSi gamoiwvia erovnuli aRfrTovaneba, niSani<br />
ukeTesi momavlis. ase Tu ise, aRar vici, Tu ra madloba<br />
unda Sevwiro rogorc qarTvelobas, ise mezoblebsac TanagrZnobisaTvis?<br />
garda gulisa, me ara gamaCnia ra da mxolod<br />
im guls gadavuSli Cem TanamgrZnoblebs, rom Sig ar<br />
CamrCes ra maTgan dafaruli: yovelgan da yvelasgan Semo-<br />
Rebulia ocdaxuTi wlis iubileis gadaxda, magram, me ki<br />
roca gamiTavda is xane, dRevandel Tavadebs, im meTaur<br />
inteligentebs, romelTac Cveni wamebuli cxovrebis sadave<br />
SemTxvevisa da `mizezisa gamo sxvisa da sxvisa~ xelSi<br />
uWiravsT, ar gavxsenebivar!.. sityviT ki arwmunebden, rom<br />
204
ocdaTxuTmeti wlis iubileis vucdiTo. dadga maTi daniSnuli<br />
droc da maSinac isa sTqves: `Cven imdenad gviyvars<br />
akaki, rom gvinda didxans icocxlos da mere ormocdaaTi<br />
wlis iubilei gadavuxadoTo~. maTi locviT iyo, Tu<br />
SemTxveviT, marTla mivaRwie im dromdisac, magram mainc<br />
kidev xmas ar iRebden! albaT, im ganZraxviT, rom asi wlis-<br />
Tvis gadaedvaT, radganac sasikvdilod ar vemetebodi. me<br />
mrwamda maTi gulubryviloba, magram zogierTebma ki sazogadoebidan<br />
sxvanairad gaiges es maTi gulubryviloba<br />
da Zala daatanes, rom `w.k. gamgeobas~, rogorc damtkicebul<br />
sazogadoebas, Tavs edva saiubileo nebarTvis gamotana.<br />
gamgeoba iZulebuli gaxda, rom aesrulebia sazogadoebis<br />
Txovna da Tanac Tavis mxriT Seadgina saiubileo<br />
komitetic. am komitetSi, miuxedavad Cemi piradi Txovnisa,<br />
arc erTi misTana ar gaureviaT, romelnic ufro energiulad<br />
Seudgebodnen Cem Sesaxeb saqmes. magaliTad, arc<br />
diasamiZeebi, arc RambaSiZe da arc sxvani, magram arCeul<br />
komitetis erengiac saWiro aRar gamodga: sazogadoebam,<br />
xalxma, gaigo Tu ara iubilei iqnebao, piraqeT, TanagrZnobiT<br />
miawyda am dResaswauls da komitets bevri aRara<br />
darCenia ra saSromi: mxolod Teatri daiqirava saiubileod<br />
da bileTebi gahyida. amiT unda gaTavebuliyo maTi<br />
movaleobac, magram, ra brZanebaa! Cemi apekunobac ikisres<br />
Tavis Tavad sxvis daukiTxavad. gamoacxades, rom Cven vadgenT<br />
`akakis fondsao~, rom Semosavalidan misi mdgomareoba<br />
uzrunvelvyoTo. am ganZraxviT gamosces gasasyidad<br />
Cemi nawarmoebi, Sekribes Semosavali sxvadasxva warmodgenidan,<br />
gaimarTa Semowiruloba sxvadasxva wyaroebidan<br />
da es yvela fondSi Sedioda da Sedis kidevac. am dReebSi<br />
komitetma, rom daSliliyo, moaxdina ukanaskneli sxdoma<br />
da gadaswyvita Semdegi: `fondi aris mxolod akakis saxeliT<br />
dawesebuli, romelic unda moxmardes Raribsa da xan-<br />
SiSesul moRvaweebs, maT ricxvSi, rasakvirvelia, akakisac<br />
uzrunvelsayofelad daeniSnos Tviurad asi maneTio! es<br />
ganaCeni gadasca komitetma `w.k. gamgeobas~, ese igi, erTi-<br />
205
sa da imave piris marcxena xelma _ marjvenas da amiT<br />
morCa, gaTavda!..<br />
xalxisa da sazogadoebis naboZebi `talaxiani joxic<br />
kargia~, magram Tu marTla Semomwirvelebs fondi hqondaT<br />
mxedvelobaSi da ara Cemi uzrunvelyofna, maSin winaaRmdeg<br />
maTis survilisa, me verafers miviReb da uars<br />
vucxadeb im asi maneTis miRebaze, romelic komitetma<br />
TviT-nebobiT miwyaloba. diax, uars vucxadeb da mxolod,<br />
rogorc adrevac gamocdili, mxolod vTxovilob amas:<br />
radganac fondi Cemi saxeliT aris Semdgari, rogorc me,<br />
ise sazogadoebasac sruli angariSi mogvcen: vin arian<br />
Semomwirvelebi? saidan ra Semovida? sul ramdenia? Semosavlidan<br />
raSi ra daixarja da ramdeni darCa? amgvari angariSia<br />
saWiro ara marto Cemi fondis, sxva fondebisTvisac<br />
da pasuxsac dasabuTebuls veliT.<br />
akaki<br />
sxva gazeTebsaca vsTxovT, rom es Cveni statia<br />
gadabeWdon.<br />
206<br />
[1909 weli, ianvari-ivlisi]
* * *<br />
[akakis mier warmoTqmuli sityva<br />
Jurn. `jejilis~ daarsebis oci<br />
wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT]<br />
batonebo!<br />
patara prusiam rom didi safrangeTi daamarcxa da manamdi,<br />
TiTqos umniSvnelo samefo, mTlian hermaniis didimperiad<br />
gaxada, mizezad Zlevamosilobisa erTpirad aRiares<br />
ara marto niWieri sardlebi da gawvrTnili jari,<br />
magram soflis maswavlebelnic, romelTac bavSvebs Caunerges<br />
gulSi samSoblos Tavdadebuli siyvaruli. aqedan<br />
is unda vigulisxmoT, rom axalgazrdobis Tval-yuris<br />
gdebas da mis aRzrdas didi mniSvneloba aqvs cxovrebaSi.<br />
anastasia TumaniSvili-wereTlisa oci weliwadi adgia<br />
am gzas da adgia ara marto... mxolod Cveulebrivad<br />
elviTa da quxiliT, sxvebis Tvalsa da yurSi saCxireblad!...<br />
CumaT... sitkboebiT eCurCuleba mozard-Taobas da<br />
am wynar samsaxurs ugvirgvineben dRes patara bavSvebi da<br />
maTi mSoblebi madlobis gadaxdiT. maTTan erTad mTeli<br />
sazogadoeba... qarTvelobac, rogorc sayovelTao grZnobas,<br />
uerTebs Taviss gulisTqmas da isurvebs am qal-moZRvrisTvis<br />
xangrZliv moRvaweobas da simrTeles mraval-<br />
Jamier.<br />
akaki<br />
1910<br />
207
* * *<br />
[akakis sityva meliton CogovaZis<br />
dakrZalvaze warmoTqmuli]<br />
batonebo! gamoeTxova wuTisofels da dRes unda mivabaroT<br />
bnel saflavs erTi saukuTeso sazogado moRvawe-<br />
Tagani. quTaiselTa garda iqneb bevrma ar icoda: vin iyo<br />
gansvenebuli meliton CogovaZe da Cveni valia, aRvniSnoT<br />
misi vinaoba. is iyo Rirseuli adamiani, Tavdadebuli qar-<br />
Tveli, umwikvlo Tavis asparezze da Cumi moRvawe. amitomac<br />
misi Sroma-moRvaweoba Sorsa da Sors Tvalsa da yurs<br />
ar eCxireboda Cveulebrivad.<br />
amisTana moRvaweni xSiri ar aris CvenSi; mxolod saukunoebi<br />
warmoSoben! rom Sehferis, ise ar imarxeba: vera<br />
vxedavT saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeebidan warmomadgenlebs!<br />
arsad arian Cveulebrivad vercxlis gvirgvinebi.<br />
magram Zvirfas gvirgvinebad edeba mas is mwuxare saxe,<br />
romelic etyoba saerTod dRes aq Tavmoyril sazogadoebas<br />
da is cremlebi axalgazrda moswavleTa, Tan rom<br />
Cahyvebian samareSi!<br />
netavi mSoblebs! amisTana Svilis gamzrdels! vai dedmamas,<br />
amisTana Svilis udrovod dammiwebels! da damkargavs!!!<br />
vinatroT qveynisaTvis bevri amisTana moRvawe da<br />
gansvenebulisaTvis ki dauviwyari saxsenebeli.<br />
208<br />
1910
* * *<br />
ilia _ mze<br />
erT glexkacs egona, mze Tavis soflis gorakidan amodioda<br />
da wavida mis dasaWerad. magram dainaxa, rom mze<br />
meore goridan amodioda. gadavida, magram mzem mesame gorakidan<br />
amohyo Tavi. iqac abobRda da kidev Sescda. bolos<br />
erT gandegils Sexvda, romelsac SesCivla. gandegilma<br />
upasuxa: mzes veravin daiWers, igi yvelgan da yvelafers<br />
anaTebso. ase didebulia ilias saxelic. misi sam-<br />
Soblos _ yvarelis garda yvelganaa da yvelasaTvis<br />
anaTebs.<br />
* * *<br />
gancxadeba<br />
1911<br />
bevri rame Tqmula Cemze, bevrsac amboben, magram me<br />
yuradRebasac ar vaqcev im naTqvamebs da mitom ki ara, rom<br />
simarTle iyos da veTanxmebode!.. me mxolod meukadriseba,<br />
rom maTTvis movicalo sapasuxod. mxolod erT rames<br />
ki unda mivaqcio yuradReba: gavrcelebulia xma sazogadoebaSi,<br />
viTomc me auarebel fuls vsesxulobde nacnobebisagan,<br />
vxarjavde da aRar vubrunebde aravis. am cilma<br />
ise moikida fexi sazogadoebaSi, rom aramtrebsac ki sjeraT.<br />
amaswinaT sadilad viyavi miwveuli aramtrebisagan.<br />
aq erTma marTla da yovlad kargma inteligentma, romelsac<br />
CemTvis sikeTis meti ara unda ra, dabejiTebiT miTxra:<br />
`cuds verafers veravin ityvis Senze. mxolod is erTi<br />
209
zne gWirs Sen, rom nasesxebs aravis ubrunebo!~ iq, rogorc<br />
is, ise sxvebic ocdaaT kacamde ijda, magram aravis fiqraTac<br />
ar mosvlia, rom Seemowmebia es azri, maSin, rodesac<br />
iq myofTagani veravin ityoda, rom me maTgans vismes<br />
davsesxebode. da Tu imaT ar davsesxebivar, Cems mtrebsa<br />
da moSurneebs gana mivmarTavdi? magram marTali naTqvamia:<br />
`ybad aRebuli, wyalwaRebulio~ da Tu rada myavs<br />
mtrebi da magineblebi, es advili dasamtkicebelia... amas<br />
sazogado sarCuli uZevs da mitomac xmas mikmedav. ager<br />
samocadaTerTmeti wlis kaci var da misTana ara Camidenia<br />
ra, rom es azri damemsaxurebios. mTels saqarTveloSi, am<br />
xnis ganmavlobaSi, sul sami kacia darCenili, romlebTanac<br />
jer kidev vali ara maqvs gasworebuli: 1) eqimi<br />
grigol eliava, aman erTxel samasi maneTis veqsilze momiwera<br />
xeli da Cem magier iman gadaixada. is vali me dRemdisac<br />
ara maqvs gadaxdili da veZeb drosa da SemTxvevas,<br />
rom madlobiT gadavuxado. 2) rodesac mixail vaxtangis<br />
Ze maCabeli redaqtorad iyo, me gamovarTvi imas sami<br />
maneTi da 3) iakob gogebaSvili rogorc xelmokle kacs,<br />
Semwevia ramdenjerme. es aris da es. amaT garda Tu sxva<br />
kidev vinme gamoCndeba saqarTveloSi, rom me visime fuli<br />
SemeWamos an mesesxebios da aRar gadamexados, mommarTos<br />
me gazeTis saSualobiT da gamoamcxados Tavisi saxeli da<br />
gvari. me gamocdilebiT vici, rom is vaJbatonebi, romelnic<br />
mxolod Tavis kuWze hfiqroben da enac kuWzeda aqvsT<br />
gadabmuli, ityvian: `ki marTebs, magram Cvens akakis rogor<br />
vawyeniebT? rogor gamovamcxadebT mis saxelso?..~<br />
ara, me yvelasa vsTxov da vaficeb sindiss. Tu arian sadme,<br />
gamoacxadon Tavisi saxeli da gvari da momagonon Cemi<br />
valdebuleba. vsTxov sxva gazeTebsac, rom gadabeWdon da<br />
miawvdinon maT mkiTxvelebs es Cemi Txovna...<br />
210<br />
akaki<br />
[1912 wlis ivnisamde]
* * *<br />
[akakis sityva<br />
warmoTqmuli Wrebalos sazogadoebis<br />
winaSe 1912 wels]<br />
batonebo, madlobas giZRvniT aseT gulwrfel TanagrZnobisTvis,<br />
magram es sityvebi, Cemdami momarTuli, gadaWarbebulad<br />
mimaCnia. amdeni qeba-didebis Rirsi ara<br />
var, magram qarTvelebs CveulebaT gvaqvs da gviyvars gadaWarbeba.<br />
rac Seexeba imas, rom sxva kuTxeebi moviare da<br />
Tqveni qveyana, raWa-leCxumi, sadac <strong>qarTuli</strong> ena da zne-<br />
Cveuleba daculia ufro kargaT, vidre sxva kuTxeSi, ver<br />
vinaxule amden xans, me amaze bodiSs vixTi, magram, rogorc<br />
sadilis gaTavebisas stumars sufraze miarTmeven<br />
raime gemriels saWmels, anu tkbileulobas piris CasagemrieleblaT,<br />
ise mec sabolooT gadavsdevi Tqveni kuTxis<br />
daTvaliereba, raTa amiT mec moxucebulobis dros<br />
davmtkbariyavi.<br />
* * *<br />
[akaki duelis Sesaxeb]<br />
1912<br />
`mTeli qveyana aRsavsea sisuleliT~, _ ambobs Turquli<br />
andaza. da marTlac, Cvens cxovrebaSi bevri sisulelea<br />
da maT Soris kinaRam pirveli adgili duels uWiravs,<br />
TiTqos igi iyos Rirsebis aRdgenis erTaderTi saSualeba.<br />
ori iwvevs erTimeores, dgebian barierTan da SemTxveviTi<br />
gasrola, xSirad sabediswero, bolos uRebs gaugebrobas.<br />
sad aris aq samarTlianoba da keTilgoniereba? saidan<br />
211
Semoipara Cvens cxovrebaSi es sisulele? dueli _ es igive<br />
Suasaukuneebis `RvTis samsjavros~ gagebis gagrZelebaa.<br />
amJamad dueli, _ es ugunureba, _ raRac wabaZvis hipnozis<br />
wyalobiT dRemde ar aRmofxvrila zne-CveulebaTagan.<br />
orma bumberazma rusma poetma _ puSkinma da lermontovma<br />
_ udidesi sargebloba moutanes kacobriobas, Tavad<br />
ki duelis dros tyuilubralod daiRupnen da sazogadoebas<br />
daukarges moRvaweebi, romelTac veravin Secvlida 1 .<br />
* * *<br />
qalis roli sazogadoebaSi<br />
akaki wereTeli<br />
1913 w.<br />
1. qalis mniSvneloba kacobriobis cxovrebaSi.<br />
2. ras unda miaqcios gansakuTrebuli yuradReba dRevandelma<br />
qarTvelma qalma?<br />
akakis pasuxi<br />
1. rogorc dabadeba mogviTxrobs, RmerTma rom pirveli<br />
kaci, adami, gaaCina, ukmayofilo darCa; bevri nakli<br />
aRmoaCina masSi da Seqmna qali. es legenda gvagulisxmebs:<br />
Tu qali ufrosad ndomeboda ufals, maSin Tavis Zvals<br />
gamouRebda, Tu umcrosad _ fexisas, magram niSnad Tanasworobisa<br />
Suadan gamouRo gverdi.<br />
2. warsuls, rom Zveli didebis moqmedeba qvakuTxedad<br />
daudvas axlandel moTxovnelebas, amis asasruleblad<br />
yoliferi xelTa aqvsT: grZnobaca da gonebac. piradad me<br />
mrwams, rom dRevandel momakvdav saqarTvelos qalebi<br />
gamoabruneben.<br />
1 Targmani prof. j.WumburiZisa.<br />
212<br />
1914
* * *<br />
[akakis sityva<br />
qarTul saRamoze peterburgSi]<br />
roca me da Cemi amxanagebi samoqmedo asparezze gamovediT<br />
mesamoce wlebSi, ise cotani viyaviT, rom iZulebuli<br />
SeviqeniT erTad gvevlo, bavSvebiviT erTmaneTs veb-<br />
RauWebodiT da es imitom, rom isedac mcire gundi kidev<br />
ufro ar daqucmacebuliyo. dRes ki sxva mdgomareobaa.<br />
Cven ers wamoezarda axali Taoba da misi raodenoba imdenad<br />
didia, rom SeuZlebelia warmodgena, amodena xalxma<br />
erTad iaros. is uTuoT unda danawildes da TviTeulma<br />
Tavis gza airCios, mara yvela gza xom romSi midis. am<br />
gzebze siaruli bolos da bolos mainc eris samsaxurs<br />
moaswavebs da mis ganviTarebas xels uwyobs.<br />
Cven marTla didad vafasebT Zmobas, erTobas da megobrobas<br />
rusis erebTan. marTalia, rusis xalxSi bevria<br />
iseTebi, romlebsac ar surT da ejavrebaT Cveni aseTi<br />
Zmuri kavSiri, magram aris samagieroT axalgazrda ruse-<br />
Ti, romelTanac Cvena gvsurs xelis-xel CakidebiT siaruli,<br />
ara marto erovnul, aramed sakacobrio idealebis<br />
gansaxorcieleblad, im idealebis, romelsac ewodeba<br />
Zmoba, erToba, Tanasworoba.<br />
1913<br />
213
* * *<br />
[akakis sityva<br />
wyaltuboSi warmoTqmuli]<br />
batonebo! madlobas gwiravT Cemi aseTi pativiscemisaTvis.<br />
magram ar SemiZlia, ara vsTqva, rom rac aq Cemze<br />
Tqves da momaweres, gadaWarbebuli ar iyos. me misi mesamedic<br />
ar gamikeTebia, rac momaweres, magram albaT es maTi<br />
grZnobebisa da keTili survilebis nayofia da amas ramdenimed<br />
vurigdebi. mxolod ar veTanxmebi molaparakebas,<br />
saqarTvelo daCagrulad rom axsenes. qarTveli xalxi<br />
Tavis dReSi ar yofila da ar iqneba daCagruli. amis Sesaxeb<br />
erT araks mogaxsenebT. gzaze ori kaci midioda. SemoaRamdaT<br />
da erTma meores SesCivla, rom bnelSi orive daviRupebiT,<br />
radgan arc JinJRili gvaqvs da arc sanTelio.<br />
meorem anugeSa da uTxra: `me aq kves-abedi Tan maqvs da,<br />
roca saWiro iqneba, davkvesav da cecxls gavaCaRebo~. qar-<br />
Tvel xalxsac Tan daaqvs misi kves-abedi. roca saWiro iqneba,<br />
igi dakvesavs da gzas advilad gainaTebs. me Cems sicocxleSi<br />
amas vqadagebdi da axlac amas vambob. mrwams misi<br />
momavali da amas veravin SeuSlis.<br />
214<br />
1913
* * *<br />
[akakis sityva<br />
goris `qarTvel qalTa sazogadoebis~<br />
(`mandilosani~) wevrTa krebaze]<br />
guli mikvdeboda, qalebs rom aqnobamde ZiliT SepyrobilT<br />
gxedavdiT, magram exla moxaruli var, rom gxedavT<br />
gamoRviZebulT, rom aq SekrebilxarT ara umiznoT, ara<br />
lotos saTamaSod, aramed sazogado saqmisaTvis.<br />
50 weli dakvirvebuli var Cven saqmianobas da davrwmundi,<br />
rom igi Zalian nelis nabijiT midis win; es imitom,<br />
rom am saqmianobaSi mxolod mamakacebi iRebdnen monawileobas.<br />
rom saqme kargad warimarTos, saWiroa sazogado<br />
saqmeSi dedakacebis daxmarebac.<br />
gadavaTvaliere Tqveni wesdeba da davrwmundi, rom<br />
Zalian bevri ramis gakeTeba SegiZliaT, Tu TanxmobiT imu-<br />
SavebT. erideT erTmaneTSi uTanxmoebas, mtrobas. am<br />
uTanxmoebam, mtrobam daRupa saqarTvelo da viRupebiT<br />
dResac. aman warmomaTqmevina mware sityvebi:erTi qarTveli<br />
sazogado saqmeSi gmiria, bevri ki yvela viria-meTqi.<br />
iareT, imuSaveT erTad, TanxmobiT da maSin Tqveni Sromac<br />
nayofs moitans.<br />
1913<br />
215
* * *<br />
dRevandel dRes ornairad<br />
vdResaswaulobT...<br />
(akakis mier warmoTqmuli sityva<br />
qarTul TeatrSi qarTvel qalTa<br />
sazogadoebis krebaze 1914 w. 14 ianvars)<br />
dRevandeli dResaswauli ornairad aris sasixarulo:<br />
pirveli imiT, rom vdResaswaulobT da movigonebT qar-<br />
TvelTa ganmanaTlebel wminda ninos, meore imiT, rom<br />
dRes pirvelad aidga qarTvelma qalma fexi da sazogadoebrivi<br />
cxovrebis sarbielze gamovida.<br />
qarTveli eris istoriaSi gansakuTrebul rols Tama-<br />
Sobda qali. rodesac qarTveli eri wyvdiadSi iyo Cafluli<br />
da kerpTayvanismcemeli iyo, am dros saqarTveldoSi<br />
mogzaurobdnen qristianebi da cdilobdnen eris moqcevas.<br />
amisaTvis sagangebod gamogzavnes saqarTveloSi mociquli<br />
andria pirvelwodebuli, romelic moRvaweobda<br />
Savi zRvis pireTSi. amasTan erTad iyo svimon qananelic.<br />
Tumca mecniereba uaryofs andria mociqulis dasavleT<br />
saqarTveloSi yofnas, magram is ki cxadia, rom svimon<br />
qananeli iyo saqarTveloSi, radganac dResac misi saflavi<br />
biWvinTaSia. es sabuTs iZleva vifiqroT, rom andria mociqulic<br />
iqneboda saqarTveloSi. Sedegi mogzaurobisa ki<br />
friad mcire iyo. aqa-iq daTesili iyo qristianobis Tesli,<br />
magram eris sulsa da guls ar Sehxebia. movida<br />
saqarTveloSi vinme erTi kabadokieli. mas xelT epyra<br />
jvari vazisa da mis win pirqve daemxvnen mefeni da mTavarni,<br />
sardalni da didebulni, qali da kaci. man daamxo kerpebi,<br />
romelsac Tayvans scemdnen qarTvelni. wminda nino<br />
Seiqmna qarTveli eris ganmanaTeblad, mis ganmaspetakeblad.<br />
aseTi didia qalis mniSvneloba sarwmunoebriv mxriv.<br />
ganvlo xanma, saqarTvelom bevri Wiri da vai-vaglaxi<br />
gamoiara. igi dakninebuli iyo. bevri warCinebuli moRva-<br />
216
weni iRvwoden saqarTvelos gaerTianebisaTvis, ganmtkicebisaTvis,<br />
ZlevamosilebisaTvis. aqac pirveloba ergo<br />
qarTvel qals _ Tamar mefes. man Tavisi gamWriaxi gonebiT<br />
da Zlieris nebisyofiT Seqmna erTi mTliani saqarTvelo,<br />
Zlevamosilebisa da ganaTlebis jiRiT mosili. Tamar<br />
mefis xana dResac qarTvelebisaTvis idealad aris Seqmnili<br />
Tavisi mTlianobisa da kulturosnobis mxriv.<br />
dadga qarTveli erisaTvis Savbneli xana. urwmunoTa<br />
urdoebi Tavisi saSinelebiT daawva saqarTvelos da qristianobis<br />
aRmofxvras lamobda. bevrma qarTvelma Seimosa<br />
Tavisi Subli mowamobrivis SaravandediT. magram aq gamoCnda<br />
qarTveli qali qeTevani, vinc Tavisi saSineli tanjvawamebiT<br />
aRadgina ideali zneobisa.<br />
qarTvel xalxSi axlac aris erTgvari TamaSi `samaia~.<br />
sami qali Cahkideben erTmaneTs xels da cekvaven. nino<br />
Tamari da qeTevani _ swored es `samaiaa~ Cveni eris istoriaSi.<br />
isini xelixel Cakidebulni icavdnen qarTveli eris<br />
sarwmunoebas, Zlevamosilebas da zneobas.<br />
* * *<br />
[qorwilSi warmoTqmuli misaloci sityva]<br />
batonebo!<br />
[1914]<br />
Zvelad didi ojaxis Svilebi, didebuli Tavadebi, e.i.<br />
isini, vinc TavSi udgnen maSindel sazogado saqmes, erTmaneTs<br />
emoyvreboden xolme, rom ufro momarjvebiT, SeerTebulis<br />
ZaliT, waeyvanaT, rogorc sazogado, ise saku-<br />
Tari sapirado saqmeebic. _ is dro gadasulia. dRevandeli<br />
dRe sul sxva pirobebSi Cadga. sxva moTxovnileba<br />
Semovida da is meTauroba, Tavadebs rom eWiraT xelSi,<br />
217
swavla-ganaTlebam daiWira. oRond ki naswavli, ganaTlebuli<br />
da meTaurobis Rirsi iyos kaci da qveyana imas aRar<br />
hkiTxulobs, saidan aris da visi Camomavalia: glexis,<br />
mRvdlis, aznauris Tu Tavadis? misTvis sul erTia. es didi<br />
WeSmaritebac aris, magram Tu im Zveli didebuli Tavadis,<br />
romelic Zvelad sazogado saqmes TavSi udga, vinme<br />
Camomavali dResac kidev TavSi udgas sazogado saqmes da<br />
misi winapris Rvawls aTavsebs, erTi orad saqebia!.. _<br />
dRevandeli qorwinebac am mxriv aris sasiamovno: wereTeli<br />
aZlevs qals abaSiZes. odesme orive didebuli gvari<br />
yofila. dRes abaSiZis Camomavals gulis ficarze daubeWdia<br />
rusTvelis sityvebi: `Tu kaci kacad ar varga, cudia<br />
gvariSvilobao~ da dadgomia swavla-ganaTlebis gzas, rom<br />
ar CamorCes dros. amisaTvis vusurvoT mas miznis miRweva.<br />
Tanve vinatroT, rom misma meuRlemac gamoiCinos Zveli<br />
dedebis hunari, rom Sesaferisad uwevdes uRels qmars<br />
cxovrebaSi da amxnevebdes, rogorc kerZo, ise sazogado<br />
saqmeebSic. gaumarjos nefe-dedofals! da xangrZlivi<br />
iyos maTi kavSiri!! vaSa!<br />
* * *<br />
[Canaweri mesame daselebis Sesaxeb]<br />
mesame daselebic sadukevelebisa ar iyos, marTali<br />
arian, roca [pirdapir] hgmoben farisevlobas da [mabezRarobas],<br />
da Cemi TanagrZnobac maTken iqneboda, rom igive<br />
dasi sruliad uars ara hyofden warsuls da avsa da kargs<br />
erTi da imave godriT ar agorebden ufskrulisken.<br />
218<br />
ara puriTa mxolod scxondebis kaci...
* * *<br />
[sityva ucnobi qalis dakrZalvaze]<br />
`Zvirad minaxavs misTana qarTveli, rom niWieri da<br />
raime RirsebiT Semkuri ar iyos!.. magram Rirsebac aris da<br />
Rirsebac. yovel-gvar Rirsebas saTaveSi udgia siyvaruli.<br />
_ is siyvaruli, romelzedac rusTveli ambobs: `siyvaruli<br />
aRgvamaRlebso~, da romelzedac qriste brZanebs:<br />
`Seiyvare moyvasi Seni, viTarca Tavi Tvisio..:~ ai, amisTana<br />
siyvarulis bude aris wminda guli da wrfeli suli, raica<br />
iSviaTia. _ am iSviaTi movleniT yofila SeWurvili es<br />
dRevandeli gansvenebulic. amas gvimtkicebs is, rom<br />
amdeni xalxi Segrovda da swuxs am gansvenebulis dakargvas.<br />
glovas xandaxan gamoiwvevs sxva da sxva mosazrebac.<br />
magaliTad, Wiris uflis gulis mogeba da ase ar aris!..<br />
dRevandel oblad micvalebuls ar darCenia arc qmari da<br />
arc Svilebi da glovareba ekuTvnis piradad mas... mis sakuTar<br />
Rirsebas da mec am misma piradma Rirsebam momiyvana<br />
am siSores, rom mis piradobas Tayvani vsce! samaradisod<br />
iyos saxsenebeli misi!..<br />
amin<br />
akaki<br />
219
SeniSvnebi da komentarebi<br />
winamdebare gamocemaSi ZiriTad teqstSi davtoveT da<br />
sqolioSia Catanili mxolod avtoriseuli SeniSvnebi, yvela<br />
danarCeni axsnilia komentarebSi.<br />
teqstebi ibeWdeba akakis orTografiis dacviT, garda im<br />
SemTxvevebisa, roca saqme gvqonda kalmismier SecdomasTan.<br />
sasveni niSnebi gasworebulia Tanamedrove moTxovnebis mixedviT.<br />
kvadratul frCxilebSi Casmuli mravalwertili aRniSnavs<br />
teqstis iseT fragments, romlis amokiTxvac ver moxerxda.<br />
aseve, kavebSia Casmuli is saTauri da TariRi, romelic<br />
akakis ar ekuTvnis.<br />
werilebi literaturasa da xelovnebaze<br />
1. simarTlis Worikanoba (gv.13)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `ciskari~,1860, № 2.<br />
TariRi: 1860-sa welsa, maisis 11-sa dResa.<br />
saTauri: simarTlis Worikanoba.<br />
xelmowera: m. ruseTume.<br />
mkvlevarma l. WrelaSvilma werilSi `atribuciis zogierTi<br />
sakiTxi~ daasabuTa, rom `m. ruseTume” da `g. qarTveli~<br />
akakis fsevdonimebia (ix.: akakis krebuli I, Tsu, 1999, gv. 101-<br />
102).<br />
2. axali ambebi (gv. 19)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `ciskari~,1862, № 6.<br />
TariRi: 1862 welsa, 15 aprili.<br />
saTauri: axali ambebi.<br />
xelmowera: Terg daleuli.<br />
mkvlevar l. WrelaSvilis azriT, `Terg daleuli~ akakis<br />
erT-erTi fsevdonimia (ix.: `atribuciis zogierTi sakiTxi~,<br />
akakis krebuli I, Tsu, 1999, gv. 98-101).<br />
220
3. WeSmaritebis aRdgineba (gv. 25)<br />
xelnaweri: avtografi, saqarTvelos <strong>literaturis</strong><br />
saxelmwifo muzeumi № 25 910.<br />
nabeWdi: akaki wereTeli, saarqivo gamocema, wigni II,<br />
<strong>literaturis</strong> muzeumi, 2010.<br />
TariRi: uTariRo.<br />
saTauri: WeSmaritebis aRdgineba.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
4. <strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri (gv. 29)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 272.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005.<br />
TariRi: [1882].<br />
saTauri: <strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
werilis avtografi daculia xelnawerTa erovnuli centris<br />
fondebSi. savaraudod, statias gagrZelebac hqonda,<br />
romelSic akaki speqtaklebze `samSoblosa~ da `Ralatze~<br />
saubrobda. xelnaweri Sedgeba oTxi furclisagan, uTari-<br />
Roa, dawerilia Savi melniT, xelmouwerelia. teqstSi SeiniSneba<br />
umniSvnelo sworeba (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi<br />
nawerebi, Tb., 2005).<br />
5. werilebi Cvens mwerlobaze (gv. 33)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `Teatri~, 1890, № 8; № 10.<br />
TariRi: 1890 Tebervali-marti.<br />
saTauri: werilebi Cvens mwerlobaze.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
akakim es statia dawera n. nikolaZis mier gaz. «Новое<br />
обозрение»~-Si, № 3557, 1894, 4/V, 1890 wlis 21 ianvars gamo-<br />
221
qveynebuli statiis _ `sadResaswaulod~ _ pasuxad. werils<br />
miakvlia da saTanado komentarebTan erTad gamoaqveyna iuza<br />
evgeniZem (ix.: akakis krebuli I, 1999, gv. 68-95).<br />
6. [iliasTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb] (gv. 43)<br />
xelnaweri: avtografi, saq. sax. <strong>literaturis</strong> muzeumi,<br />
akakis fondi, № 17 781.<br />
nabeWdi: kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001;<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
axalgazrda mgosani, dRevandeli Cveni cxovrebis sulier<br />
sazrdoTi gakaWkaWebuli... _ unda igulisxmebodes gr.<br />
abaSiZe.<br />
7. sapasuxo werili (gv. 46)<br />
xelnaweri: saq. sax. <strong>literaturis</strong> muzeumi, akakis fondi,<br />
№ 17 785.<br />
nabeWdi: kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001;<br />
TariRi: 1900 w. 5 marti.<br />
saTauri: sapasuxo werili<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
teqsti avtografi ar aris, ucxo xeliTaa dawerili. boloSi<br />
aqvs minaweri: `rodesac sapasuxo werilebs werda, xSiraT<br />
laparakobda TiTon da sxvas awerinebda. aseTi Cveuleba<br />
qonda. Cxrekis dros waRebuli iyo es werili. mere miviReT<br />
ukan da aRar viciT, daibeWda Tu ara. me mgonia, wardgenili<br />
Tu iyo redaqciazed, nawers ukan vin dagvibrunebda? biZina<br />
merkvilaZe~. sagulisxmoa, rom akakis amgvar Tvisebas adastureben<br />
TavianT mogonebebSi ar. quTaTelaZe, d. TomaSvili<br />
da sxvebi.<br />
222
1. mivmarTeT erT pativcemul redaqtors... _ igulisxmeba<br />
ilia WavWavaZe, romelsac 1899 w. oqtomberSi akakim<br />
mimarTa Tavis `krebulSi~ (№ 10) dabeWdili weriliT.<br />
2. redaqciam `fulikoTi~ gvipasuxa... es leqsi daibeWda<br />
gaz. `iveriis~ saaxalwlo damatebaSi, 1900, № 1.<br />
3. `fulikom~ `Juliko~ gamoiwvia... leqsis avtografi<br />
inaxeba lit. muzeumSi. gamoqveynda krebulSi `ucnobi akaki~,<br />
Tsu, 2001.<br />
4. cagareli _ SesaZloa igulisxmebodes avqsenti<br />
cagareli (1857-1902) _ qarTveli dramaturgi da msaxiobi,<br />
akakisTan daaxloebuli piri.<br />
5. silovani _ silovan xundaZe (1860-1928) _ literatori,<br />
pedagogi.<br />
6. biZina merkvilaZe _ vaJi ioseb (sosiko) merkvilaZis,<br />
gamomcemloba `codnis~ mepatronisa.<br />
8. gancxadeba (gv. 50)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 276.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005;<br />
TariRi: [1908].<br />
saTauri: gancxadeba.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerlia.<br />
`naxevar saukunis literaturuli Sromis Semdeg...~ _<br />
akakim literaturuli moRvaweobis 50 wlis iubile 1908 wels<br />
aRniSna, maSasadame statia swored am weliwads unda iyos<br />
Seqmnili (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb.,<br />
2005).<br />
9. mcire ram SeniSvna (gv. 51)<br />
xelnaweri: saqarTvelos Teatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo<br />
arqivi, f.1, saqaRalde 46, x-4505.<br />
nabeWdi: J. `sabWoTa xelovneba~, 1935, № 3; akaki wereTeli,<br />
Txz. sr. krebuli, t. 14, gv.591; akakis krebuli II, Tsu,<br />
2005, gv.28-32.<br />
TariRi: [1908-1914].<br />
saTauri: mcire ram SeniSvna.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
223
1935 wels statia m. safarova-abaSiZisam gadasca Jurnal<br />
`sabWoTa xelovnebis~ redaqcias, romelSic teqsti srulad<br />
ar dabeWdila. werili aseve arasruli saxiT gamoqveynda<br />
akaki wereTlis TxzulebaTa TxuTmettomeulSi. rogorc<br />
Cans, sabWouri ideologiis TvalsazrisiT gaumarTleblad<br />
CaiTvala didi rusi erisgan rusukebis, anu malorosielebis<br />
gamoyofa. winamdebare gamocemaSi aRdgenili teqsti gansxvavebuli<br />
SriftiTaa dabeWdili (ix.: n. fruiZe, zogierTi ram<br />
akaki wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb, akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 49-71).<br />
10. <strong>qarTuli</strong> arqeologiuri naSTebi<br />
da zepirsityviereba (gv. 57)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `foni~, 1910, № 15; gaz. `droeba~, 1910, 14<br />
aprili, № 83; J. `ganTiadi~, 1990, № 2; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~,<br />
Tsu, 2001.<br />
TariRi: 1910 w., 11 aprili.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
iakob gogebaSvilis iniciativam saxalxo universitetis<br />
gaxsnis Taobaze (`cnobis furceli~, 1905, № 2885) didi mxardaWera<br />
hpova qarTvel sazogadoebaSi.<br />
pirveli saxalxo universiteti 1907 w. TebervalSi gaixsna<br />
TbilisSi. quTaisSi ki _ 1910 wels; 31 ianvars pirveli<br />
leqcia Temaze `saxalxo universitetebi sazRvargareT, ruseTSi<br />
da kavakasiaSi~ waikiTxa gr. giorgaZem. saxalxo universitetis<br />
msmenelebi kviraobiT ikribebodnen qalaqis Teatris<br />
darbazSi. quTaisSi saxalxo universitetis gaxsnas<br />
sixaruliT Sexvda akaki wereTeli. 1910 w. 11 aprils igi universitetis<br />
msmenelebs esaubra arqeologiuri naSTebisa da<br />
zepirsityvaobis gafrTxilebis aucileblobaze. gaz. `fon-<br />
Si~ (1910, № 15) gamoqveynda akakis sityvis ZiriTadi Sinaarsi<br />
korespondentis komentarebTan erTad. mkvlevarma ir. eremeiSvilma<br />
aRadgina leqciis teqsti da gamoaqveyna J. `gan-<br />
224
TiadSi~ (1990, № 2). raki `droebis~ 1910 w. 14 aprilis nomer-<br />
Sic swored am leqciazea saubari, magram damowmebulia gansxvavebuli<br />
fragmenti, teqstis mTlianobis aRdgenis mizniT<br />
gTavazobT am ukanasknels: `mTeli Cveni qveyana, winaparTa<br />
sisxliTa da ZvlebiT gapoxierebuli, warmoadgens akldamas,<br />
arxeologiur naSTs, romelsac saqarTvelos veZaxiT. igi,<br />
naSTi Cvenis warsulisa da kulturosnobisa, gvianderZes<br />
Zvelma qarTvelebma. ikargeba Zveli naSTebi cxadliv da malviTa,<br />
qreba, iRupeba saukunoebiT daculi nivTebi da iqneba<br />
Sors aRar aris is droc, rodesac warsulis mosagoneblad<br />
aRaraferi gadarCeba~.<br />
sanam sul ar gavTiSulvarT gulgrilobiT, vidre sul<br />
ara SevboWilvarT uyuradRebobis brWyalebiT, vupatronoT<br />
erT saqmes: mravali Zvirfasi zepirgadmocema da Zveli wigni,<br />
dasalpobad ganwiruli, elodeba gamomzevrebas~.<br />
werilebi saqarTvelos istoriis,<br />
religiisa da kulturis Sesaxeb<br />
1. osmaleTis qarTvelebs (gv. 63)<br />
xelnaweri: quTaisis saxelmwifo muzeumi, akakis fondi,<br />
dok. № 2173/965.<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `komunisti~, 1940, 22 ivnisi; akaki wereTlis<br />
Txz. sr. krebuli Svid tomad, t. VII, 1960, gv. 845; akaki wereTlis<br />
Txz. sr. krebuli TxuTmet tomad, t. XI, 1963, gv. 523; J. `waxnagi~,<br />
2010, № 2, gv. 297.<br />
TariRi: [1875-1876].<br />
saTauri: osmaleTis qarTvelebs.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerlia.<br />
aRniSnuli mimarTva yvelgan arasruli saxiT ibeWdeboda,<br />
ris gamoc gaugebari rCeboda statiis paTosi da poetis<br />
damokidebuleba e.w. `osmalos saqarTvelos~ problemisadmi.<br />
aseve, SeuZlebeli iyo werilis zusti daTariRebac. quTaisis<br />
saxelmwifo muzeumis akakis fondSi aRmoCnda werilis sru-<br />
225
li teqsti, romelic iZleva saSualebas, rom mimarTva dava-<br />
TariRoT ara 1878 wliT, rogorc es s. xuciSvils miaCnda,<br />
aramed 1875-76 wlebiT, roca seriozulad daiwyes saubari<br />
ruseT-osmaleTis mosalodneli omis albaTobaze. akakis es<br />
werili, romelsac amjerad sruli saxiT vTavazobT mkiTxvels,<br />
mniSvnelovania <strong>qarTuli</strong> sazogadoebrivi azris Seswavlis<br />
istoriis TvalsazrisiTac (ix.: n. fruiZe, `osmaleTis<br />
qarTvelebs”, J.`waxnagi~, 2010, № 2, gv. 297).<br />
2. sityvis banze agdeba (gv. 65)<br />
nabeWdi: akakis krebuli, 1897, № 5. gv.13.<br />
TariRi: 1897.<br />
saTauri: sityvis banze agdeba.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
werilSi akaki akritikebs Tbil adgilebze mokalaTebul<br />
mdidar Tbilisel somxobas. igi mkiTxvels sTavazobs istoriul<br />
eqskurss somex-qarTvelTa urTierTobis Sesaxeb. amave<br />
dros ikvlevs gamoTqmis _ `sityvis banze agdeba~ _ etimologias<br />
(ix.: j. gaboZe, `akakis TxzulebaTa gamocemebi”, Tb.,<br />
2009, gv.167).<br />
3. istoriuli ganxilva saxelwodebis:<br />
armenis, haistanis da somxeTis (gv. 71)<br />
nabeWdi: akakis krebuli, 1898, № 5; `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu,<br />
2001, gv.104.<br />
TariRi: 1898.<br />
saTauri: istoriuli ganxilva saxel-wodebis: armenis,<br />
haistanis da somxeTis.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
akakis `istoriuli ganxilvis...~ pasuxad gazeT `Новое<br />
Обозрение~-s 1898 wlis 4841-e da 4882-e nomrebSi gamoqveynda<br />
niko maris werili `qarTveli poeti akaki somxebis Sesaxeb~.<br />
avtori akakis ukiJinebda, rom misi msjeloba tendenciuri<br />
iyo, Tumca poetis mier wamoyenebuli debulebebis gaqar-<br />
226
wylebas ver axerxebda. maris statia Targmnes, dabeWdes da<br />
sxva gamoxmaurebebic daurTes somxurma gazeTebma. akakim<br />
sapasuxo werili gamoaqveyna `akakis krebulSic” (ix.: `akakis<br />
krebuli”, 1898, № 7) da rusul gazeT `kavkazSic~ (1898, №№<br />
60, 61). am polemikasTan dakavSirebiT vrceli komentari ix.:<br />
kreb. ucnobi akaki, Tsu, 2001., gv. 212-215).<br />
4. profesor marris pasuxaT (gv. 87)<br />
nabeWdi: akakis krebuli, 1898, № 7; gaz. `kavkazi~, 1898,<br />
№ 60, 61. ganTiadi, 1991, № 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu,<br />
2001, gv. 115-125.<br />
TariRi: 1898.<br />
saTauri: profsor marris sapasuxoT.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
werili aris gamoxmaureba niko maris sapasuxo statiaze,<br />
romelic daibeWda akakis `istoriuli ganxilvis...~ gamoqveynebis<br />
gamo (ix.: wina werilis komentarebi).<br />
5. simarTle (gv. 88)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografebi № 280; № 283;<br />
nabeWdi: J. `omega~, № 12, 2002, gv. 43; `akakis ucnobi nawerebi”,<br />
Tb., 2005, gv. 67-82; akakis krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 20-28.<br />
TariRi: [1901]<br />
saTauri: simarTle.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
werili arasodes gamoqveynebula. mas miakvlia da pirvelad<br />
gamoaqveyna e. zardiaSvilma. xelnawerTa erovnuli centris<br />
akakis fondis aRwerilobaSi igi ori nomriTaa aRniSnuli,<br />
rogorc ori sxvadasxva daumTavrebeli Txzuleba<br />
Tumca teqstis analizma daadastura, rom orive erTi werilis<br />
fragmentebia. akakis `simarTle~ dauweria saqarTvelos<br />
ruseTTan SeerTebis asi wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT, rac Txzu-<br />
227
lebis daTariRebis saSualebas iZleva (ix.: e. zardiaSvili,<br />
akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005).<br />
6. [social-demokratebi da maTi Sexedulebebi] (gv. 114)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 284;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi. Tb., 2005, gv. 94.<br />
TariRi: [1901].<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
werili dausrulebelia. masSi poeti uaryofiT damokidebulebas<br />
amJRavnebs saqarTveloSi mimdinare,<br />
saTavadaznauro bankisa Tu saxelmwifo sabWos arCevnebis<br />
Sesaxeb. poets avtografis bolo nawili, romelSic saubaria<br />
qarTvel social-demokratebze, gadauxazavs. rogorc Cans,<br />
am nawilis srulyofa surda. winamdebare gamocemaSi mkiTxveli<br />
aRniSnul fragments sruli saxiT gaecnoba (ix.:<br />
e.zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi. Tb., 2005).<br />
7. Отвeт газетe «Новое Время» (gv. 117)<br />
nabeWdi: газ. «Новое Время», 1907, 21/III;<br />
TariRi: 1907, 21 marti ( 3 aprili).<br />
saTauri: Отвeт газетe «Новое Время».<br />
xelmowera: Акакий Церетели.<br />
werili aris pasuxi peterburgis erT-erT centralur<br />
gazeT “Новое Время”-Si 1907 wlis 27 Tebervals (12 marti) dabeWdil<br />
statiaze `nadiroba rus adamianebze~ (korespondencia<br />
Tbilisidan). statiis avtori, romelic `zateriannis”<br />
fsevdonims iyo amofarebuli, cils swamebda a. wereTels da<br />
mas rusi moxeleebis winaaRmdeg adgilobrivi teroristebis<br />
waqezebas abralebda. yovelive es akakis Jurnal `xumaras”<br />
gamosvlasTan iyo dakavSirebuli (ix.: manana kvataia, `akakis<br />
erTi ucnobi statiis gamo”, akakis krebuli I, Tb., 1999,<br />
gv.368).<br />
228
8. aRsareba (gv. 120)<br />
xelnaweri: saqarTvelos <strong>literaturis</strong> saxelmwifo muzeumi,<br />
avtografi №17 782; xelnawerTa erovnuli centri,<br />
akakis fondi, avtografi № 241.<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `Temi~, 1911, № 8; akaki wereTeli, Txz. sr.<br />
krebuli Svid tomad, t. VII, Tb., 1957, gv. 600.<br />
TariRi: 1911.<br />
saTauri: `aRsareba~, `Cemi aRsareba~.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
aRniSnuli werili pirvelad gaz. `TemSi~ daibeWda, Semdeg<br />
is pavle ingoroyvam gamoaqveyna akakis TxzulebaTa<br />
SvidtomeulSi, Tumca TxuTmet tomad dabeWdil akakis<br />
TxzulebaTa akademiur gamocemaSi es statia aRar Sesula.<br />
vinaidan dRes Svidtomeuli bibliografiul iSviaTobadaa<br />
qceuli, saWirod CavTvaleT `aRsarebis~ kidev erTxel gamoqveyneba,<br />
miT ufro, rom is mWidro ideur kavSirSia<br />
krebulSi warmodgenil sxva werilebTan, romlebic qarTulsomxuri<br />
urTierTobis sakiTxebs eZRvneba.<br />
9. [aTasjerac rom `somxiylapia~ damiZaxon] (gv. 125)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 281;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005;<br />
TariRi: [1911-1915].<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
es werili erTgvari gagrZelebaa statiaTa ciklisa<br />
somex-qarTvelTa urTierTobis Sesaxeb. savaraudod, gaz.<br />
`TemSi~ 1911 w. gamoqveynebul akakis `Cems aRsarebas~ unda<br />
mohyoloda gamoxmaureba somexTa da maT mxardamWerTa<br />
mxridan, rasac poetma, rogorc Cans, am weriliT upasuxa (ix.:<br />
e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005).<br />
229
10. [akakis sityva giorgi saakaZis Sesaxeb] (gv. 126)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `Temi~, 1915, № 206; `lit. gazeTi~, 1960, 25<br />
noemberi; J. `ganTiadi~, 1991, №11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~,<br />
Tsu, 2001, gv. 142.<br />
TariRi: 1911, dekemberi;<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
`saxalxo gazeTi~ 1911 wlis 24 dekembers mkiTxvelebs<br />
auwyebda, rom quTaisis TeatrSi 16 dekembers Sedga giorgi<br />
saakaZis literaturuli gasamarTleba, romlis dasacavad<br />
SesaniSnavi sityva warmoTqva akaki wereTelma. aRniSnuli<br />
sityvis teqsti Tavad mgosans gadaucia `Temis~ redaqciisaTvis<br />
dasabeWdad, magram poetis sicocxleSi igi ar<br />
gamoqveynebula.<br />
11. Zveli aRzrda I (gv. 139)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 271;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005;<br />
TariRi: uTariRo.<br />
saTauri: Zveli aRzrda I.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
garda imisa, rom saTauri danomrilia, werils aqvs minaweri:<br />
`Semdegi iqneba~. aSkaraa, rom poeti apirebda statiis<br />
gagrZelebis Seqmnas (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi,<br />
Tb., 2005). jerjerobiT kvlevam veraferi gamoavlina.<br />
230
werilebi sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisa da ekonomikis<br />
sakiTxebze<br />
1. wigni miwerili ruseTumesTan (gv. 145)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `ciskari~, 1860, № 8; akakis krebuli I, Tsu,<br />
1999, gv. 107.<br />
TariRi: 1860-sa welsa, maisis 11-s dResa.<br />
saTauri: `mowyaleo xlemwifev, ufalo redaqtoro~,<br />
`sxua da sxua anbavi~, `wigni miwerili ruseTumesTan~;<br />
xelmowera: g. qarTveli.<br />
mkvlevar l. WrelaSvilis varaudiT, `g. qarTveli~ aris<br />
akaki wereTlis fsevdonimi (ix.: akakis krebuli I, Tsu, 1999,<br />
gv. 95-99).<br />
2. cxel-cxeli ambebi (gv. 154)<br />
nabeWdi: `literaturuli gazeTi~, 1935, № 6, 6/II; akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 9.<br />
TariRi: 1873<br />
saTauri: cxel-cxeli ambebi.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
werili 1873 wlis 21 ivniss unda dabeWdiliyo gaz.<br />
`droebaSi~, magram ukve awyobili teqsti akrZala cenzorma<br />
kovalenskim. statiaSi CarTuli ori leqsi 1940 welsac daibeWda<br />
akakis `Txzulebanis~ I tomSi da TxuTmettomeulSic<br />
Sevida, Tumca Tavad statia publicistikis Sesabamis tomSi<br />
ar gamoqveynebula (ix.: n. fruiZe, zogierTi ram akaki<br />
wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb, akakis krebuli<br />
II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 49-71).<br />
231
3. Savi qvis Tavgadasavali (gv. 156)<br />
xelnaweri: quTaisis saxelmwifo centraluri arqivi,<br />
fondi № 139, dok. 110, gv. 3-18.;<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `quTaisi~, 1990, 26 aprili; akakis krebuli II,<br />
Tsu, 2005, gv.10.<br />
TariRi: [1873-1893].<br />
saTauri: Savi qvis Tavgadasavali.<br />
xelmowera: akaki wereTeli.<br />
WiaTuris marganecis sabadoebis aRmoCena akaki werTlis<br />
saxelTanaa dakavSirebuli. man uzarmazari Sroma gaswia,<br />
Tumca madlobis nacvlad poets bevrjer atkines guli usamarTlo<br />
SeniSvnebiT. akakis surda, bolo moReboda gaumar-<br />
Tlebel miTqma-moTqmasa da Worebs am sakiTxis Sesaxeb, amitom<br />
dawera statia `Savi qvis Tavgadasavali~, magram ar<br />
daubeWdavs. mogvianebiT man werili gadaamuSava da 1893 wlis<br />
dekemberSi gaz. `iveriaSi~ gamoaqveyna gansxvavebuli saTauriT.<br />
am varaudis gamoTqmis safuZvels gvaZlevs rogorc<br />
statiebis Sinaarsobrivi msgavseba, ise teqstis calkeul<br />
fragmentTa damTxveva (ix.: n.fruiZe, zogierTi ram akaki<br />
wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb, akakis krebuli<br />
II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 49-71).<br />
4. zogi ram (gv. 165)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `Teatri~, 1890, № 8; akakis krebuli I, Tsu,<br />
1999, gv. 124;<br />
TariRi: 1890;<br />
saTauri: zogi ram;<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
werili mkvlevarma l.WrelaSvilma aRmoaCina moskovis<br />
qarTvelologiis kabinetSi muSaobisas. gaz. `Teatris~ aRniSnuli<br />
nomeri saqarTveloSi ar aris.<br />
232
5. aRuuu! (gv. 171)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `iveria~, 1894, № 75; akakis krebuli II, Tsu,<br />
2005, gv. 18.<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: saxumaro gasarTobi. aRuuu!<br />
xelmowera: cukia.<br />
fsevdonimi rom namdvilad akakis ekuTvnis, adasturebs<br />
J. `kvalSi~ (1894, №10) dabeWdili statia, romelSic weria,<br />
rom poets ganzraxuli aqvs garkveuli tipis werilebis<br />
gamoqveyneba `cukias~ xelmoweriT (ix.: n. fruiZe, zogierTi<br />
ram akaki wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb,<br />
akakis krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 49-71).<br />
6. mcire SeniSvna (gv. 173)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `iveria~, 1894, № 208; `ganTiadi~, 1990, № 2;<br />
kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 98.<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: mcire SeniSvna.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
akaki wereTelma J. `kvalSi~ (1894, № 28) gamoaqveyna werili<br />
`Wreli fiqrebi~, romelSic dawunebuli iyo i. gogebaSvilis<br />
mier moTxrobaSi `bulbuli da guguli~ (`iveria~, 1894, № 137)<br />
xmarebuli forma `gaRiareb~. iakob gogebaSvilma ar gaiziara<br />
akakis SeniSvna (`iveria~, 1894, №144), rasac mohyva cnobili<br />
`sagramatiko diskusia~, romelSic Cabmulni iyvnen sxva cnobili<br />
sazogado moRvaweebic, maT Soris ilia WavWavaZe. kamaTi<br />
sagramatiko sakiTxebze sakmaod didxans gagrZelda (ix.: kreb.<br />
ilia WavWavaZe da sagramatiko paeqroba 1886-1894 w.w. Semdgenlebi:<br />
n. kotinovi, l. mefariSvili, Tb., 1992) winamdebare werili<br />
swored am diskusiis dasrulebis mcdelobaa.<br />
233
7. gafrTxileba (gv. 174)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `kvali~, 1894, № 24, gv. 5; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~,<br />
Tsu, 2001, gv. 99.<br />
TariRi: 1894;<br />
saTauri: gafrTxileba;<br />
xelmowera: imereli.<br />
1894 w. J. `kvalSi~ (№ 20) dabeWda akakis `Wreli fiqrebi~<br />
fsevdonimiT `Coxosani~. Jurnalis momdevno nomerSi akakim<br />
Tavisive werilis pasuxad gamoaqveyna `saxumaro gasarTobi.<br />
aRuu!~ (`kvali~, 1894, № 21). am statias gaz. `iveriis~ furclebze<br />
gamoexmaurnen a. axnazarovi da gr. abaSiZe. swored<br />
maT uZRvna akakim `gafrTxileba~, romelic daibeWda fsevdonimiT<br />
`imereli~.<br />
8. [quTaisis seminaria da quTaisis cixis nangrevebi] (gv. 176)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `kvali~, 1894, № 39; akakis krebuli I, Tsu, 1999,<br />
gv.105;<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: qarTvelis Svili.<br />
mkvlevar l. WrelaSvilis azriT, J. `kvalSi~ gamoqveynebuli<br />
es mowinave statia akakis kalams unda ekuTvnodes. rogorc<br />
cnobilia, akaki iyo erT-erTi damaarsebeli am Jurnalisa<br />
g. wereTelTan da i. maCabelTan erTad. is aqtiurad TanamSromlobda<br />
am periodul organosTan da msgavsi fsevdonimiTac<br />
araerTi nawarmoebi aqvs gamoqveynebuli (dawvrilebiT<br />
ix.: akakis krebuli I, Tsu, 1999, gv. 104).<br />
statias erTvis 10 strofiani leqsi `quTaisis Zveli<br />
cixe~ qvesaTauriT: vuZRvni quTaisis samRvdeloebas.<br />
234
9. М.-Г. г. редактор! (gv. 178)<br />
nabeWdi: Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3557, 1894, 4/V. akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 32.<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: М.-Г. г. редактор!<br />
xelmowera: Кн. Ак. Церетели<br />
10. Ответ автору банковиады (gv. 179)<br />
nabeWdi: Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3568, 1894, 15/V. akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 33.<br />
TariRi: 1894, 12/V.<br />
saTauri: Ответ автору банковиады (письмо в редакцию).<br />
xelmowera: Акакий.<br />
akakim J. `kvalSi~ 1894 wels (20, № 8/V) gamoaqveyna werili<br />
saTauriT `Wreli fiqrebi~ `Coxosnis~ fsevdonimiT, romel-<br />
Sic bankis damfuZnebelTa krebebze savaldebulod miiCnevda<br />
soflel aqcionerTa daswrebas. swored sofleli wvrili<br />
memamuleebi iyvnen qarTveli aqcionerebi da maTi qomagoba<br />
saqarTvelos interesebis dacvas niSnavda. am werilis pasuxad<br />
ramdenime kritikuli werili daibeWda, romlebSic akakis<br />
usafuZvlo braldebebi wauyenes (ix.: n. fruiZe, zogierTi<br />
ram akaki wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb,<br />
akakis krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 49-71). akaki maT gamoexmaura<br />
statiiT `Ответ автору банковиады~.<br />
235
11. Вынужденное объяснение (gv. 182)<br />
nabeWdi: Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3695, 1894, 30/IX. akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 36.<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: Вынужденное объяснение (письмо в редакцию).<br />
xelmowera: Кн. Ак. Церетели.<br />
werili aris gamoxmaureba n. nikolaZis statiaze, romel-<br />
Sic avtori («Новое обозрение», № 3654, 1894, 29/IX) inJiner<br />
simonoviCs moixseniebs, rogorc marganecis madnis pirvelaRmomCens,<br />
xolo akaki wereTels TviTmarqviasa da trabaxas<br />
uwodebs.<br />
12. Чистосердечный ответ (gv. 184)<br />
nabeWdi: Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3698, 1894, 4/X. akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 37.<br />
TariRi: 1894<br />
saTauri: Чистосердечный ответ<br />
xelmowera: Кн. Ак. Церетели<br />
werilic n. nikolaZesTan marganecis sakiTxTan dakav-<br />
SirebiT wamowyebuli polemikis gagrZelebaa.<br />
236
13. Открытое письмо к Д.Н. Бакрадзе (gv. 188)<br />
nabeWdi: Газ. «Новое обозрение», № 3721, 1894, 27/X. akakis<br />
krebuli II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 41.<br />
TariRi: 1894.<br />
saTauri: Открытое письмо к Д.Н. Бакрадзе.<br />
xelmowera: А. Церетели.<br />
werilic, iseve rogorc wina ori publikacia, n. nikola-<br />
ZesTan marganecis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT wamowyebuli polemikis<br />
gagrZelebaa (ix.: n. fruiZe, zogierTi ram akaki<br />
wereTlis axlad gamovlenil nawerTa Sesaxeb, akakis krebuli<br />
II, Tsu, 2005, gv. 64-66).<br />
14. pasuxi mter-moyvrebs (gv. 191)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
№ 270.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 91.<br />
TariRi: [1912].<br />
saTauri: pasuxi mter-moyvrebs.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
1912 wlis seqtemberSi poetma meoTxe saxelmwifo saTaTbiros<br />
arCevnebisaTvis rwmunebulobaze iyara kenWi saCxere-<br />
Si, magram damarcxda. ramdenime Tve gagrZelda polemika<br />
akakis `gaSavebis~ momxreebsa da mowinaaRmdegeebs Soris gazeTebis<br />
_ `Temi~, `saxalxo gazeTi~ da `imereTi~ _ furclebze.<br />
savaraudod, akakim winamdebare werili swored am<br />
periodSi Seqmna (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi,<br />
Tb., 2005, gv. 91).<br />
237
15. saqvelmoqmedo Widaoba (gv. 192)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
№ 275;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 93;<br />
TariRi: [1914].<br />
saTauri: saqvelmoqmedo Widaoba;<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
werili, savaraudod, pirvel msoflio omSi daWrilTa<br />
dasaxmareblad gamarTul saqvelmoqmedo aqciasTan dakav-<br />
SirebiTaa dawerili (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akaki ucnobi nawerebi,<br />
Tb., 2005, gv. 27-28.).<br />
sxvadasxva<br />
1. [sityva dimitri yifianis dasaflavebazed] (gv. 195)<br />
xelnaweri: saqarTvelos <strong>literaturis</strong> muzeumi 18 541, 2,<br />
furceli 17, 5X22, melani (Savi).<br />
nabeWdi: i. uTuraSvili, `dimitri yifiani~, 1989, gv. 311.<br />
TariRi: 1887.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli (gadawerilia ucnobi xeliT).<br />
dimitri yifianis dakrZalvasTan dakavSirebul oficialur<br />
sabuTebSi daculia akaki wereTlis am sityvis `mokle<br />
Sinaarsi~, romlis dedani (rusul enaze) gamoqveynebulia S.<br />
Cxetias mier (ix.: Tamaz jologua, saSviliSvilo mokavSire-<br />
dimitri yifiani, Tb., 1997, gv. 189).<br />
aRniSnuli sityvasTan erTad akakis dimitri yifianis<br />
saflavTan warmouTqvams leqsi `qarTveli ucxoeTSi” (ix.:<br />
j.gaboZe, `rodis Seiqmna da vis mieZRvna `ganTiadi”, J. `literaturuli<br />
Ziebani”, XXII, 2001; misive, `akakis TxzulebaTa<br />
gamocemebi”, Tb.: 2009, gv.118).<br />
238
2. glova (gv. 196)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `mwyemsi~, 1899, 14; akakis krebuli, I, 1899, № 6;<br />
J. `ganTiadi~, 1991, № 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001;<br />
gv. 124;<br />
TariRi: 1899;<br />
saTauri: glova;<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
...memkvidre cesareviCi giorgi... didi mTavari giorgi<br />
aleqsandres Ze romanovi (1871-1893), nikoloz II-is Zma, taxtis<br />
memkvidre. janmrTelobaSeryeuli didi mTavari ukanaskneli<br />
Svidi weli cxovrobda abasTumanSi. misi SuamdgomlobiT<br />
didZali Tanxa gamoiyo kavkasiis muzeumis aRsawerad<br />
da dasuraTebuli katalogis gamosacemad. misive xelSewyobiT<br />
daibeWda mravali Sroma kavkasiis, misi bunebisa da eTnografiis<br />
Sesaxeb. giorgi aleqsandres Zis gardacvalebis<br />
Semdeg nikoloz II-m taxtis memkvidred gamoacxada umcrosi<br />
Zma — mixeil aleqsandres Ze.<br />
3. samocianelTa winamorbedi (gv. 197)<br />
xelnaweri: saq. sax. lit. muzeumi, akakis fondi, № 17 779;<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `iveria~, 1900, № 1330; gaz. `soflis cxovreba~,<br />
1973, 17 Tebervali; gaz. `quTaisi~, 1985, 29 ianvari; `gan-<br />
Tiadi~, 1991, № 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 128.<br />
TariRi: 1900.<br />
saTauri: samocianelTa winamorbedi. minaweri: akakis<br />
sityva giorgi RoRoberiZis dakrZalvaze.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
giorgi RoRoberiZe (1832-1900) quTaisis general-gubernator<br />
mirskis miwveviT muSaobda sagangebo mindobilobaTa<br />
moxeled. 1868 w. dainiSna quTaisis momrigebeli mosamar-<br />
Tlis TanaSemwed, 1869 wlidan sococxlis bolomde iyo<br />
nafici veqili.<br />
239
4. [sparseTidan mosuli qarTveli stumrebis<br />
pativsacemad warmoTqmuli sityva] (gv. 199)<br />
xelnaweri: saq. sax. lit. muzeumi, akakis fondi, № 17 777;<br />
nabeWdi: kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 129.<br />
TariRi: [1907].<br />
saTauri: batonebo!<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
1907 wlis 11 ianvars gaz. `isari~ (№ 5) ityobineboda, rom<br />
9 ianvars TbilisSi Camovidnen yolamreza xuciSvili da yolamoseina<br />
onikaSvili. <strong>qarTuli</strong> sazogadoebrioba didi yuradRebiT<br />
moekida am adamianebs. maT pativsacemad gamarTul<br />
sazeimo vaxSams akakic eswreboda. poets stumrebisaTvis<br />
sityviT miumarTavs. onikaSvilisa da xuciSvilis dabinavebaze<br />
uzrunia wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebel sazogadoebas,<br />
xolo <strong>qarTuli</strong>s maswavleblad miuCeniaT l. bocvaZe.<br />
5. ramdenime sityva gansvenebul<br />
grigol episkoposze (gv. 200)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `mwyemsi~, 1908, № 10; J. `ganTiadi~, 1992, № 2;<br />
kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 130.<br />
TariRi: 1908.<br />
saTauri: ramdenime sityva gansvenebul grigol<br />
episkoposze.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
grigol episkoposi (dadiani) _ berad aRikveca daviT<br />
garejis monasterSi. mis mier warmoTqmuli SesaniSnavi sityva<br />
gamoqveynda `ciskarSi~ (1962, № 9). grigoli guria-samegrelos<br />
episkoposad akurTxes 1886 wels. gardaicvala 1907<br />
wlis oqtomberSi. dakrZalulia martvilis taZarSi.<br />
240
6. ucxoeli qali (gv. 203)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 273;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 83.<br />
TariRi: [1908].<br />
saTauri: ucxoeli qali.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
avtografi Sesrulebulia rveulSi, romelSic kidev er-<br />
Ti teqstia: `saubari mama-Svils Sua~. teqsti daTariRebulia<br />
swored am ukanasknelis mixedviT, radgan `saubari~ akakis<br />
iubiles dReebSi, 1908 wlis noemberSi gamoqveynda (ix:.<br />
e.zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005).<br />
7. werili megobrebTan (gv. 204)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centi, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 239;<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 86.<br />
TariRi: [1900].<br />
saTauri: werili megobrebTan.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
statia exeba akakis saiubileo komitetis mier daarsebuli<br />
`akakis fondis~ sakiTxs. daSlis Semdeg komitetma fondTan<br />
dakavSirebiT uflebamosileba `wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebel<br />
sazogadoebas~ gadasca. poetma ramdenjerme mimarTa<br />
`sazgadoebas~ finansuri Semweobis TxovniT, magram amaod.<br />
swored am faqtiT gamowveuli gulistkivilis gamoxatulebaa<br />
winamdebare werili, romelic ratomRac aRar gamoaqveyna<br />
akakim (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005,<br />
gv. 91).<br />
241
8. [akakis mier warmoTqmuli sityva Jurnal `jejilis~<br />
daarsebis oci wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT] (gv. 207)<br />
xelnaweri: saq. sax. lit. muzeumi, akakis fondi, 17 780;<br />
nabeWdi: kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2005, gv. 133;<br />
TariRi: [1910].<br />
saTauri: batonebo!<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
1910 wlis 26 Tebervals akaki daeswro J. `jejilis~<br />
iubiles q. quTaisSi da damswre sazogadoebas sityviT mimar-<br />
Ta. saRamo gaaSuqa gaz. `droebam~ (1910, № 50).<br />
9. [akakis sityva meliton CogovaZis<br />
dakrZalvaze warmoTqmuli] (gv. 208)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `foni~, 1910, Tebervali; kreb. `ucnobi<br />
akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 136.<br />
TariRi: 1910.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
meliton CogovaZe — pedagogi, sazogado moRvawe. igi 1896<br />
wlidan ganagebda <strong>qarTuli</strong> enisa da <strong>literaturis</strong> kaTedras<br />
quTaisis sasuliero seminariaSi, paralelurad moRvaweobda<br />
qalTa eparqialur saswavlebelSi.<br />
242
10. ilia _ mze (gv. 209)<br />
nabeWdi: `saxalxo gazeTi~, 1911, № 37; J. `ganTiadi~, 1991,<br />
№11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 137.<br />
TariRi: 1911.<br />
saTauri: ilia-mze.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
1911 wlis zafxulSi akaki mesamed ewvia kaxeTs. yvarelSi<br />
gamarTuli saRamo dasrulda vaxSmiT, romelzec samadlobel<br />
sityvaSi akakim ilia mzes Seadara. es sityva dabeWda<br />
`saxalxo gazeTma~.<br />
11. gancxadeba (gv. 209)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 278.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 85.<br />
TariRi: [1908].<br />
saTauri: gancxadeba.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
werili exeba im sagazeTo publikaciebs, romlebic miznad<br />
poetis diskreditacias isaxavdnen. marTalia, avtografi<br />
uTariRoa, magram werilSi naxsenebi avtoris asaki da dasaxelebuli<br />
pirebi iZleva teqstis daTariRebis saSualebas<br />
(ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi Tb., 2005, gv. 22-23).<br />
243
12. [akakis sityva warmoTqmuli Wrebalos<br />
sazogadoebis winaSe] (gv. 211)<br />
nabeWdi: gaz. `kolxida~, 1912, №112; krebuli `ucnobi<br />
akaki~, II, Tsu, 2001, gv. 43.<br />
TariRi: 1912.<br />
saTauri: batonebo!<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
1912 wels akakim imogzaura raWa-leCxumSi. gaz. `kolxidis~<br />
sakuTari korespondenti, s. daTeSiZe mogzaurobis<br />
mTel process aSuqebda da redaqcias masalas awvdida. swored<br />
mis mier WrebaloSi Cawerili mimarTvis teqsti gamoaqveyna<br />
gazeTma. s. daTeSiZisave cnobiT, akakim WrebaloSi<br />
wakiTxa leqcia `saqarTvelos uZvelesi naSTebi~. poets TiTqmis<br />
erTi saaTi usaubria. samwuxarod, leqciis teqsti jerjerobiT<br />
miukvlevelia.<br />
13. [akaki duelis Sesaxeb] (gv. 211)<br />
nabeWdi: `Тифлисский журнал~, 1913, № 8; J. `ciskari~, 1960,<br />
№ 6; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 153.<br />
TariRi: 1913.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
1913 wels `Тифлисский журнал~-ma daiwyo brZola duelis<br />
tradiciis winaaRmdeg. redaqciam TxovniT mimarTa cnobil<br />
moRvaweebs, gamoeTqvaT TavianTi azri. gazeTis is nomeri,<br />
romelSic akakis werilia dabeWdili, saqarTveloSi ar inaxeba.<br />
prof. j. WumburiZem mas miakvlia peterburgis saltikov-SCedrinis<br />
saxelobis sajaro biblioTekaSi;<br />
244
14. [qalis roli sazogadoebaSi] (gv. 212)<br />
nabeWdi: `saxalxo gazeTi~, 1914, № 1090; J. `ganiadi~, 1991,<br />
№ 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 139.<br />
TariRi: 1914.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
`saxalxo gazeTis~ redaqciam 1914 wlis damdegamde asamde<br />
qarTvel mwerals, msaxiobs, sazogado moRvawes mimarTa<br />
TxovniT, pasuxi gaecaT Semdeg saanketo kiTxvebze: 1. qalis<br />
daniSnuleba kacobriobis istoriaSi; 2. ras unda miaqcios<br />
yuradReba dRevandelma qarTvelma qalma? saanketo furclebi<br />
maTgan mxolod naxevarma daabruna.<br />
15. [akakis sityva qarTul saRamoze peterburgSi] (gv. 213)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `klde~, 1913, № 6; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu,<br />
2001, gv.137.<br />
TariRi: 1913.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
akaki 1912 w. noembris damlevs gaemgzavra peterburgSi.<br />
mas ramdenjerme mouwyves miReba qarTvelma studentebma.<br />
rogorc Cans, es sityvac erT-erT aseT saRamozea wakiTxuli.<br />
245
16. [akakis sityva wyaltuboSi warmoTqmuli] (gv. 214)<br />
nabeWdi: J. `ganTiadi~, 1991, № 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~,<br />
Tsu, 2001, gv. 138.<br />
TariRi: [1913].<br />
saTauri: batonebo!<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
1913 wels wyaltuboSi col-SvilTan erTad isvenebda<br />
akaki. igi miiwvies nadimze, sadac grZnobieri sityvebiT mimarTes<br />
damswreebma. akakis sapasuxo teqsts miakvlia<br />
ir.eremeiSvilma da `ganTiadis~ saiubileo nomerSi dabeWda<br />
1991 wels.<br />
17. [akakis sityva goris `qarTvel qalTa sazogadoebis~<br />
(`madilosani~) wevrTa krebaze] (gv. 215)<br />
nabeWdi: `saxalxo gazeTi~, 1913, № 1037; J. `ganTiadi~,<br />
1991, № 11-12; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 138.<br />
TariRi: 1913.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
1913 wlis 3 noembers akaki daeswro gorSi qarTvel qalTa<br />
sazogadoebis krebas da damswreT sityviT mimarTa. am sityvis<br />
Canaweri mkiTxvelebs `saxalxo gazeTma~ SesTavaza.<br />
246
18. dRevandel dRes ornairad vdResaswaulobT (gv. 216)<br />
nabeWdi: `saxalxo gazeTi~, 1914, № 1091; J. `ganTiadi~,<br />
1991, № 2; kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001, gv. 139.<br />
TariRi: 1914.<br />
saTauri: dRevandel dRes ornairad vdResaswaulobT.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
qarTvel qalTa sazogadoebis Tavmjdomarem, dominika<br />
erisTavma sTxova akakis, is 14 ianvars daswreboda<br />
saliteraturo saRamos da monawileoba mieRo masSi.<br />
swored akakis ergo Sexvedris gaxsnis pativi. poetis mier<br />
warmoTqmuli sityva dabeWda `saxalxo gazeTma~.<br />
19. [qorwilSi warmoTqmuli misaloci sityva] (gv. 217)<br />
xelnaweri: saq. sax. lit. muzeumi, akakis fondi, №17<br />
178.<br />
nabeWdi: kreb. `ucnobi akaki~, Tsu, 2001; gv. 153.<br />
TariRi: uTariRo.<br />
saTauri: batonebo!<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwerelia.<br />
wereTeli aZlevs qals abaSiZes... _ fraza avtoris<br />
mieraa xazgasmuli. rogorc Cans, es qorwineba poetma<br />
abaSiZeebisa da wereTlebis mravalwliani qiSpis dasasrulad<br />
gaiazra.<br />
247
20. [Canaweri mesame daselebis Sesaxeb] (gv. 218)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 339.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 101.<br />
TariRi: uTariRo.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: xelmouwereli.<br />
teqsti aris dausrulebeli an dakarguli statiis mcire<br />
fragmenti. samwuxarod, jerjerobiT misi gagrZeleba mikvleuli<br />
ar aris (ix.: e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi,<br />
Tb., 2005, gv. 91).<br />
21. [sityva ucnobi qalis dakrZalvaze] (gv. 219)<br />
xelnaweri: xelnawerTa erovnuli centri, akakis fondi,<br />
avtografi № 223.<br />
nabeWdi: akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 100.<br />
TariRi: uTariRo.<br />
saTauri: usaTauro.<br />
xelmowera: akaki.<br />
mimarTvis adresatis vinaobis dadgena ver moxerxda (ix.:<br />
e. zardiaSvili, akakis ucnobi nawerebi, Tb., 2005, gv. 91).<br />
248
a<br />
pirTa saZiebeli<br />
abaSiZe 99, 218<br />
abaSiZe kita 191<br />
abaSiZe levan 99<br />
agiaSvili 33, 98<br />
adami 40, 212<br />
adami da eva 40<br />
avTandili _( saakaZe)131, 133<br />
akaki 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 44, 47, 48, 50, 90, 126, 197, 205<br />
207, 208, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216<br />
aleqsandre _ kaxeTis mefe 132<br />
alixanovi 65,<br />
anastasia batoniSvili 103<br />
anastasia TumaniSvili-wereTlisa 207<br />
andria pirvelwodebuli 216<br />
andronikovis qvrivi 162<br />
antioq didi 84<br />
anton kaTalikosi 89<br />
antonovi 26, 52<br />
antonoviCi 26<br />
andreevi leonid 59<br />
araqeli 127<br />
araqsi 79, 84, 86<br />
aristidosi 126<br />
arseni 90, 91<br />
artaqsiasi 84<br />
arqimandriti kesarioni 58<br />
arqimede 87<br />
aslani 100, 127<br />
aslaniSvili 133, 134, 135<br />
afxazi dimitri 16<br />
b<br />
babiloni 67, 79, 80, 102<br />
baiozeTebi 57<br />
balanCivaZe 54<br />
baraTaSvili Sadiman 131<br />
baron nikolai 110, 111, 164<br />
baqraZe d.93, 94<br />
baceviCi 157<br />
bebuTovi vasil osifiC 110<br />
bebuTovi k.a. 65<br />
249
ismarki 65<br />
bremi 41<br />
bunovi 95<br />
g<br />
gabriel episkoposi 176, 201<br />
gabunia 52<br />
gateriasi b. 74<br />
gatteriasi 96<br />
gauptmanis 31<br />
gvali-faSa 98, 99<br />
giorgi 5, 22, 97, 105, 120, 127, 129, 173, 198<br />
giorgi XII 105<br />
giorgi brwyinvale 196, 198<br />
giote 36<br />
gogebaSvili iakob 110, 173, 210<br />
gogoli 53<br />
gogoriSvili 137<br />
golovini _ nafici veqili 163<br />
grafitia mali 159<br />
greni 74, 94<br />
grigol episkoposi 10, 200, 202, 210<br />
guriel-dadianebi 52<br />
gunia v.54<br />
d<br />
daviT aRmaSenebeli 58 ,111, 120, 127, 196<br />
dadiani 24, 52, 54, 99, 111<br />
dadiani daviT 111<br />
daviT kurapalati 73, 88<br />
darios mefe 81<br />
diasamiZe grigol 205<br />
diasamiZe ilia 133<br />
dimitri Tavdadebuli 195<br />
distervegi 34<br />
diulorie ed.96<br />
dodaSvili 173<br />
e<br />
ebraelTa noe, anu babilonelTa izdubari 79<br />
evangulovi 65<br />
ekaterine meore 102, 103<br />
eliava grigol 210<br />
eliaSvili vano 191<br />
250
erekle 99, 100, 103, 105<br />
erTi `vinme~ 175<br />
erisTavi g. 14, 21, 51, 52, 98, 122, 136<br />
erisTavi daTuna 136<br />
erisTavi zurab 133, 135<br />
erisTavi rostom 98<br />
ermolovi 100<br />
v<br />
valeri (romis imperatori) 85<br />
varancovis kneina 23<br />
vaSaZe saCino 158, 159<br />
vaxtangi 22, 88, 89, 93, 210<br />
vaxtang gorg-aslani 127<br />
vaxuSti 127<br />
vodovozovi 34<br />
volteri 37, 104<br />
voroncovi 51<br />
vostorgovi 109<br />
z<br />
zaicevi 35,<br />
zariadresi 84<br />
zubalovi 65<br />
T<br />
Tamar mefe 97, 128, 217<br />
Targam 80, 82<br />
TarxniSvili i. 111<br />
Tbileli ioseb 127<br />
Tbileli mitropoliti dionise 136<br />
Teimuraz mefe 133, 134, 135, 137<br />
Teimuraz muxran batoni 135<br />
Temur lengi 57, 86, 196<br />
Terg daleuli 19, 20<br />
Tumanovi g. 65<br />
251
i<br />
iakobi 86, 173<br />
ibseni 31, 52<br />
ivanenko 65<br />
ivan muxran batoni 164<br />
izmailovi 65,<br />
ilia WavWavaZe 6, 7, 43, 44, 209<br />
imereli 121, 165, 167, 171, 172, 175<br />
ioseb (sosiko) merkvilaZe 223<br />
iuda 109<br />
k<br />
kabadokieli 216<br />
kazlovi 38,<br />
kaTalikozi zaqaria 133<br />
kirioni 108<br />
knut gamsuni 31<br />
koriolanusi 126<br />
kotliarevski 53,<br />
krapivnicki 53, 54<br />
krilovi 36<br />
kutuzovi 36<br />
l<br />
langlua 81<br />
leng Temuri 57, 196<br />
lenormani 78, 80, 81<br />
leonidi (episkoposi) 108<br />
loiola (ignatius) 41<br />
lermontovi 212<br />
luarsabi (taxtis memkvidre) 130,131, 132<br />
luarsabi _ qarTlis mefe 130, 131,132<br />
m<br />
maikovi 35<br />
makedoneli aleqsandre 84<br />
makovi 159<br />
marri 87, 88, 89,90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97<br />
maCabeli mixail vaxtangis Ze 210<br />
merkvilaZe sosiko 223<br />
mercenfeldi 164<br />
mesxiSvili 54<br />
mefe giorgi 130<br />
252
mefe erekle 103<br />
mefe svimon didi 129<br />
mefe solomoni 99<br />
mefe xosro farvizi (ferozi) 86<br />
meterlinkebi 52<br />
minaevi 35<br />
moeniZe 25, 26, 27<br />
mose xoneli 93<br />
moZRvarovi inokenti u. 16<br />
muraviovi 51<br />
murvan yru 57<br />
muxranski ivane 164<br />
mxitari 89<br />
n<br />
nazim-veziri 137<br />
napoleoni 36<br />
nikolaZe 34, 65<br />
nikolaZe b. 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42<br />
nikoni (ruseTis patriarxi) 201<br />
o<br />
orbeliani sulxan saba 95<br />
opperti 78<br />
ostriakovi 160, 164<br />
p<br />
paata (saaaZe)132, 133, 136<br />
panini nikita 103<br />
papuna 133<br />
patara kaxi 103<br />
patkanovi 74, 93, 94<br />
patriarqi abraami 90, 91<br />
peisoneli 127<br />
pestaloci 34<br />
pisarevi 26<br />
petre I -01, 102<br />
potiomkini 103<br />
J<br />
Jordania T. 90, 91<br />
253
raulinsoni henri 80, 83<br />
reiteri 65<br />
rusTaveli 52, 59<br />
rostevani 131<br />
ruseTume m 20, 145<br />
s<br />
saakaZe giorgi 126, 127, 129, 130<br />
saakaZe SioS 129<br />
saba _ sulxan-saba orbeliani 95<br />
saburovi solomon 157, 158<br />
sarokini 157<br />
sen-marteni 82, 85<br />
serasfra 99<br />
serasqiri 98<br />
svimon mefe 134, 136<br />
svimonoviCi _ cnobili geologi 156, 157<br />
silovani 47, 173, 223<br />
solomon didi 103<br />
solomon pirveli 98<br />
suvorini 54<br />
straboni 84<br />
t<br />
taciti 82<br />
tolstoi 35<br />
totlebeni 99, 104<br />
trofile 136<br />
f<br />
fancxava iakob 191<br />
furmani 164<br />
furcelaZe 25, 26, 27<br />
q<br />
qananeli svimon 216<br />
qarTleli baqar15<br />
qeTevani 132, 217<br />
qiaqsari 81<br />
254
R<br />
RambaSiZe 205<br />
RoRoberiZe b. 111, 176<br />
RoRoberiZe g. 163, 197, 198<br />
RoRoberiZe giorgi 197, 198<br />
y<br />
yaflaniSvili aslan 100<br />
yifiani dimitri 65, 195<br />
yorCi xani 133, 134<br />
S<br />
Sah abazi 102<br />
Sah-abasi 136, 196<br />
SevCenko taras 53<br />
C<br />
CerniSevski 26<br />
CeqeziSvili 53<br />
CogovaZe meliton 208<br />
Cingis yaeni 57<br />
Cilli 156<br />
CiCagovi 36,<br />
Cubinovi 15<br />
Cubinovi d. 95<br />
CubinaSvili 95<br />
c<br />
cagareli 46<br />
cukia 172, 233<br />
w<br />
wereTeli 6, 8, 27, 172, 218<br />
wereTeli akaki 6, 172, 218, 223<br />
wereTeli giorgi 25, 2, 70<br />
wmida grigoli 85<br />
wereTeli efTvime 19<br />
wereTeli salome 162<br />
wmida nino 23, 216, 217<br />
wilkneli mirmanozi 133<br />
255
W<br />
WavWavaZe 19, 65, 171, 172<br />
WavWavaZe gulbaaT 171, 172<br />
WavWavaZe ilia 19, 44<br />
WavWavaZe nikoloz 16<br />
WirWimeli ivane _ petriwaT wodebuli 95<br />
x<br />
xerxeuliZe paata 133<br />
xvolsoni 94<br />
xoja-xani 104, 105, 196<br />
j<br />
justi 35<br />
h<br />
hao _ Targamis ufrosi Ze 82, 83<br />
256
a<br />
geografiul saxelTa saZiebeli<br />
azia 102, 128, 139<br />
arabeTi 102<br />
araneTis (arabebi) naxevarkunZuli 79<br />
ararati 73, 80<br />
araqsis Suaxeoba 86<br />
armeni _ semiturad mTiuleTi 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86<br />
asureTi 79, 80, 102<br />
afxazeTi 107<br />
aRmosavleTi 6, 44, 79, 80, 84, 85, 98, 99, 115<br />
aRmosavleT saqarTvelo 137, 199<br />
b<br />
babiloni 67, 79, 80, 102<br />
balvanis naxevarkunZuli 79<br />
baRdadi 70, 138, 199<br />
biWvinTa 216<br />
borCalo 103<br />
g<br />
ganja 69, 103<br />
gelaTi 24, 58, 107<br />
gibraltari 104<br />
gori 176, 192, 209<br />
d<br />
dasavleTi 44,76, 79, 81, 83,85,98, 115<br />
dasavleT saqarTvelo 99, 102, 103, 137, 165, 216<br />
darialis xeoba 103<br />
darubandi 102<br />
dvaleTi130<br />
duSeTi 103<br />
e<br />
evropa 20, 76, 79, 128, 158<br />
evropia 102, 139<br />
erevani 69, 103<br />
257
v<br />
venecia 22,<br />
vizantia 83, 102,139<br />
z<br />
zemo imereTi 201<br />
T<br />
Tbilisi 58,94, 134, 162,177<br />
i<br />
ierusalimi 100,139<br />
imereTi 8, 21,53, 58,98, 99, 100, 105, 109, 137,154,<br />
65, 171, 172, 176, 195, 201<br />
indoeTi 198<br />
k<br />
kavkasia 58, 82, 159<br />
kavkasioni 102,122<br />
kavkasiis mTebi 68, 77<br />
kaspiis zRva 204<br />
kaspiis napirebi 102<br />
kaspiis da ormuzis zRvebi 77<br />
kaxeTi 82,99, 102,103,105,109, 132,133, 134,135, 171,172, 174<br />
kvecxnari 164<br />
kislovodski 160<br />
konstantinopoli 139<br />
m<br />
manglisi 75,89<br />
masisi _ ararati 73<br />
moliTi 23<br />
moskovi 58, 110<br />
mowameTa 24, 57, 120<br />
mtkvari<br />
mcire azia 73, 77<br />
mcxeTa 75,89, 136<br />
o<br />
osmaleTi 103, 104<br />
258
p<br />
palestina 79<br />
peterburgi 17,156,159,160, 163<br />
petereburRi 15, 19<br />
prusia 207<br />
J<br />
Jeneva 59<br />
r<br />
raWa 58<br />
raWa-leCxumi 211<br />
rgani 156<br />
reini _ raini 156<br />
rioni 22,58<br />
romi 83, 85, 126<br />
ruseTi 14, 17, 20, 36,53,54, 86, 101,102,103,104, 105,106, 108,<br />
109,111,112,121, 132,145,147,151,153,159,162, 197, 201, 213<br />
s<br />
saberZneTi102<br />
samcxe-saaTabago 103<br />
samxreTi 76,81<br />
samxreT evropa 79<br />
safrangeTi 207<br />
saqarTvelo 29, 42, 47, 57, 63, 74, 85, 88, 91, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104,<br />
105, 107, 108, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 121, 122, 123, 126,<br />
127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139,<br />
195, 196, 197, 199, 201, 208, 210, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217<br />
saCxere 172<br />
svaneTi 57, 58, 107<br />
sirakuzi 87<br />
somxeTi 74, 81, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 94, 97, 120, 121, 123<br />
sparseTi 84, 85, 86, 102, 103, 129, 131, 132, 133, 164, 199<br />
stambuli 46, 139<br />
surami 68, 102, 105<br />
t<br />
taosis kari, anu axlandeli Woroxis xeoba 74<br />
tigrosi 77, 79<br />
tfilisi 99, 105<br />
259
f<br />
foTi 104<br />
q<br />
qarTli 24, 88, 93, 98, 99, 130, 133, 137, 174<br />
quTaisi 20, 22, 23, 154, 159, 176<br />
y<br />
yarabaxi 25<br />
yvirila 23<br />
S<br />
Savi zRva 77<br />
Savi zRva, anu speria 77<br />
Savi zRvispireTi 216<br />
Sirvani 103<br />
Sua azia 76<br />
SuamdinareTi 77, 78<br />
Sorapnis mazra 156, 160<br />
C<br />
CrdiloeTi 76, 79, 115, 176<br />
c<br />
cimbiri 112, 170<br />
Z<br />
Zauxvi 99<br />
Zveli egvipte 77<br />
w<br />
wilois mdinare 77<br />
wirqvali 156, 157<br />
wyalwiTela 22, 24<br />
wyaltubo 246<br />
260
W<br />
WiaTura 158, 159<br />
WiSura 23<br />
Wrebalo 211<br />
x<br />
xaragauli 22<br />
xmelTaSua zRva 79<br />
xresili 98<br />
j<br />
jionis mdinare 77<br />
h<br />
haistani 81, 84<br />
261
Tematuri saZiebeli<br />
werilebi literaturasa da xelovnebaze<br />
aTonis `dabadeba~ (vaxtangisagan slovianurTan Sesworebuli) 89<br />
aTonis `dabadeba~ (mTawmindelebis naTargmni) 89<br />
araki `qaSapi Tevzi da kata~ 36<br />
`axali mimoxilva~ 34<br />
biblia 82, 83,<br />
dabadeba 80, 83<br />
`daviTni~ 148<br />
`droeba~ 157<br />
`vefxistyaosani~ 59<br />
`Temi~ 229<br />
`iveria~ 171<br />
`iveriis furceli~ 46<br />
`krebuli~ 96<br />
krilovis araki `mgeli farexSi~ 36<br />
maikovis `samgvari sikvdili~ 35<br />
`mercxlisa da WivWavis omi~ 40<br />
minanqriani saxareba 58<br />
moses wignebi 77<br />
`Svidni varT~ 38<br />
Jurnali `kvali~ 70<br />
sagramatiko paeqroba 173<br />
`samis Tav-gadasavali~ 26<br />
`samSoblo~ 32<br />
saxareba 58 107, 120,<br />
sibrZne sicruisa 14, 15, 16,<br />
tolstois `ivane damaskeli~ 35<br />
uslari (uZvelesi Tqmuleba kavkasionze) 79<br />
`fuliko~ (`Juliko~) 46, 47<br />
262
`Ralati~ 32<br />
`SeSlili~ 21<br />
`Cveni mamali~ 40<br />
CerniSevskis romani `ra vqnaT~ 26<br />
`ciskari~ 14, 18, 19,<br />
`jejili~ 34, 38,<br />
aspinZis omi 104<br />
werilebi saqarTvelos istoriis, religiisa da<br />
kulturis sakiTxebze<br />
bagratis taZari 58, 59, 104, 176,<br />
`bazaleTis~ omi 137<br />
batonymobis xasiaTi Zvel saqarTveloSi 139<br />
geguTis nacixvari 104<br />
gelaTi 24, 107<br />
gelaTis monasteri 58,<br />
`dvinis kreba~ _ 596 w. 75, 89, 90, 91,<br />
TamaSi `samaia~ 217<br />
kvirikes eklesia 58<br />
marabdis omi 135, 136,<br />
nikorwmindis taZari 58<br />
rumiancevis muzeumi 58<br />
rjulis Sesaxeb 106<br />
saqarTvelos gmiruli warsuli da dRevandeli mdgomareoba 98<br />
saqarTvelos SeerTeba ruseTTan 98<br />
`sloviani~ 107<br />
Sorapnis cixe 104, 156<br />
xoja xanis Semoseva da tfilisis aoxreba 1795 w. 98<br />
263
werilebi sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisa da<br />
ekonomikis sakiTxebze<br />
`akakis fondi~ 205<br />
arCevnebis Sesaxeb 65<br />
aRzrdis sakiTxebi 106, 139<br />
kadetTa korpusi 110<br />
marSlis arCevnebi 114<br />
ruseTis gavlena saqarTveloSi 106<br />
sinodi 108, 177<br />
somxuri Tema 71, 87, 120, 125,<br />
social-demokratebi da maTi Sexedulebebi 114, 115, 116<br />
qarTvel qalTa sazogadoeba `mandilosani~ 215<br />
`qristianeTa [aRmdgenlebis] sazogadoeba kavkaziaSi~<br />
qristianobis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoeba 58<br />
Savi qvis sakiTxebi 156<br />
Canaweri mesame daselebis Sesaxeb<br />
`w. k. gamgeoba~ 205<br />
sxvadasxva<br />
akaki duelis Sesaxeb 211<br />
akaki iliasTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb 43<br />
akakis iubilesTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi 204<br />
akaki sakuTari valebis Sesaxeb 209<br />
264
sarCevi<br />
akaki wereTlis ucnobi publicistika..............................<br />
I. werilebi literaturasa da xelovnebaze<br />
simarTlis Worikanoba............................................................ 13<br />
axali anbebi................................................................................. 19<br />
WeSmaritebis aRdgineba.......................................................... 25<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> Teatri....................................................................... 29<br />
werilebi Cvens mwerlobaze.................................................. 33<br />
[iliasTan damokidebulebis Sesaxeb]................................. 43<br />
sapasuxo werili........................................................................ 46<br />
gancxadeba................................................................................... 50<br />
......<br />
mcire ram SeniSvna..................................................................... 51<br />
<strong>qarTuli</strong> arqeologiuri<br />
naSTebi da zepirsityviereba................................................<br />
II. werilebi saqarTvelos istoriis,<br />
religiisa da kulturis sakiTxebze<br />
osmaleTis qarTvelebs........................................................... 63<br />
sityvis banze agdeba................................................................ 65<br />
istoriuli ganxilva saxelwodebis:<br />
armenis, haistanis da somxeTis............................................ 71<br />
porofesor marris sapasuxoT............................................. 87<br />
simarTle...................................................................................... 98<br />
[social-demokratebi da maTi Sexedulebebi]................ 114<br />
Ответ газете «Новое Время».........................................................<br />
aRsareba........................................................................................<br />
117<br />
120<br />
[aTasjerac rom `somxiylapia~ damiZaxon]....................... 125<br />
[akakis sityva giorgi saakaZis Sesaxeb].............................. 126<br />
Zveli aRzrda I............................................................................ 139<br />
5<br />
57<br />
265
III. werilebi sazogadoebrivi cxovrebisa<br />
da ekonomikis sakiTxebze<br />
wigni miwerili ruseTumesTan.............................................. 145<br />
cxel-cxeli ambebi.................................................................... 154<br />
Savi qvis Tavgadasavali.......................................................... 156<br />
zogi ram........................................................................................ 165<br />
saxumaro gasarTobi. aRuuu! ............................................... 171<br />
mcire SeniSvna............................................................................ 173<br />
gafrTxileba............................................................................... 174<br />
[quTaisis seminaria da quTaisis cixis nangrevebi]....... 176<br />
М.-Г. г. редактор! ..........................................................................<br />
Ответ автору банковиады (письмо в редакцию).........................<br />
Вынужденное объяснение (письмо в редакцию)........................<br />
Чистосердечный ответ...................................................................<br />
178<br />
179<br />
182<br />
184<br />
pasuxi mter-moyvrebs.............................................................. 191<br />
saqvelmoqmedo Widaoba.......................................................... 192<br />
IV. sxvadasxva<br />
[sityva dimitri yifianis dasaflavebazed]..................... 195<br />
glova............................................................................................. 196<br />
samocianelTa winamorbedi...................................................<br />
[sparseTidan mosuli qarTveli stumrebis<br />
197<br />
pativsacemad warmoTqmuli sityva[...................................<br />
[ramdenime sityva gansvenebul<br />
199<br />
grigol episkoposze]...............................................................<br />
200<br />
ucxoeli qali............................................................................. 203<br />
werili megobarTan...................................................................<br />
akakis mier warmoTqmuli sityva Jurnal `jejilis~<br />
204<br />
daarsebis oci wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT........................ 207<br />
[akakis sityva meliton CogovaZis<br />
208<br />
dakrZalvaze warmoTqmuli]..................................................<br />
ilia-mze........................................................................................ 209<br />
gancxadeba...................................................................................<br />
[akakis sityva warmoTqmuli Wrebalos<br />
209<br />
sazogadoebis winaSe]............................................................... 211<br />
266
akaki duelis Sesaxeb................................................................ 211<br />
[qalis roli sazogadoebaSi]................................................. 212<br />
[akakis sityva qarTul saRamoze peterburgSi].............. 213<br />
[akakis sityva wyaltuboSi warmoTqmuli]........................<br />
[akakis sityva goris `qarTvel qalTa sazogadoebis~<br />
214<br />
(`madilosani~) wevrTa krebaze]............................................<br />
215<br />
dRevandel dRes ornairad vdResaswaulobT................ 216<br />
[qorwilSi warmoTqmuli misaloci sityva]..................... 217<br />
Canaweri mesame daselebis Sesaxeb....................................... 218<br />
[sityva ucnobi qalis dakrZalvaze]................................... 219<br />
SeniSvnebi da komentarebi......................................................... 220<br />
pirTa saZiebeli............................................................................ 249<br />
geografiul saxelTa saZiebeli............................................. 257<br />
Tematuri saZiebeli..................................................................... 262<br />
267
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