demokratiiT datanjuli
demokratiiT datanjuli
demokratiiT datanjuli
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
24 saerTo gazeTi #39 (223), 12-18.IX, 2012 w.<br />
mogzauroba samSobloSi<br />
xandoSi yofnisas WobareTiswylis gaRma,<br />
Sors erTi patara dasaxleba SevniSneT. eg qar-<br />
Tuli sofeli Toki ariso, agvixsnes xandoelebma.<br />
xandodan TokSi, Rrma xevis gamo, gza<br />
pirdapir ar gadadis. iq an varevnidan unda<br />
moxvde an javaxeTis mtkvris (igive faravniswylis)<br />
kanionidan amavali gziT. Cven am ukanasknels<br />
virCevT. aspinZa-axalqalaqis trasaze<br />
damdgarni xerTvisis gadasaxvevidan me-8 kilometrze<br />
gzidan xelmarcxniv vuxvevT da serpantiniT<br />
kvlav tye-javaxeTSi avdivarT.<br />
Toki zRvis donidan 1640<br />
metris simaRleze, kanionis Tavzea,<br />
Sua gzaze ki erTi Zalian saintereso<br />
Zeglia, sadamdec qvei-<br />
Tad, daaxloebiT, naxevari kilometria<br />
sasiarulo wavarnebiT. es<br />
teritoria sofel Toks ekuTvnis<br />
da eklesias, samecniero literaturaSi,<br />
amitom hqvia Tokis monasteri.<br />
adgilobrivi qarTvelebi,<br />
erTi legendis Tanaxmad, mas da-<br />
Zmis monasters uwodeben (am legendas<br />
sxva dros, sofel CunCxa-<br />
Si yofnisas giambobT). da-Zmis monasterSi,<br />
am saydris garda, kanionis<br />
meore mxares, missave simaRleze<br />
mdebare naisis eklesia moiazreba.<br />
eklesiebi erTmaneTs uyureben<br />
da TvalsawieriT 250-300<br />
metri aSorebT.<br />
Tokis terasaze mdgari saydari,<br />
romelTanac, axla mivdivarT,<br />
sinamdvileSi or eklesias aerTianebs.<br />
samxreTiT, dabla, mcire nagebobaa<br />
(Sida zomebia 3,10X1,90<br />
m), igi zogan uxeSad damuSavebuli,<br />
magram Tanabari zomis mcire<br />
qviTaa amoyvanili, zogan sufTad<br />
gaTlili veeba kvadrebiT. qvaTa<br />
Tlis, SerCevisa da wyobis aseTi<br />
Sexameba adreSuasaukuneebisTvis<br />
aris damaxasiaTebeli.<br />
salocavi dasavleTidan naxevarwriuli<br />
TaRiTaa gaxsnili. es<br />
nagebobis erTaderTi Sesasvlelia.<br />
yuradRebas ipyrobs sakur-<br />
Txevlis absidis Semkvreli er-<br />
Tob monumenturi, nalisebri moyvanilobis<br />
TaRi. samlocvelo VII-<br />
IX saukuneebiT unda daTariRes.<br />
am uZveles samlocveloze<br />
mogvianebiT, daaxloebiT XIII-XIV<br />
saukuneebSi, CrdiloeTidan gacilebiT<br />
didi saydari miudgamT,<br />
romelsac, Tavis mxriv, Tanadrouli<br />
CrdiloeTis ori minaSeni<br />
saros<br />
mamali<br />
tye-javaxeTi<br />
aqvs. maTgan erT-erTi damatebiT<br />
samlocvelos warmoadgens da<br />
mTavar darbazs gaSlili TaRiT<br />
ukavSirdeba. rogorc didi, ise<br />
mcire darbazis sakurTxevlis absidis<br />
naxevarwre dabrecilia.<br />
mTliani taZris Sida zomebia:<br />
sigrZeSi 9,3 m. siganeSi 7,1 m. daaxloebiT<br />
1 m.-is sisqis kedlebi<br />
sufTad gaTlili qvis didi kvadrebiTaa<br />
ayvanili da maTze aranairi<br />
CuqurTma ar aris.<br />
...gza nel-nela Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT<br />
ixreba. TokSi SevdivarT.<br />
sofelSi metnaklebad saRsalamaTad<br />
aTiod saxli gamoiyureba<br />
da aqedanac naxevars boqlomi<br />
adevs. ai, ukve ori saaTia, rac<br />
TokSi vtrialebT, magram erTi<br />
TavCaqindruli kacis garda aravis<br />
gauvlia _ puris tomrebiT datvirTuli<br />
cxeni mihyavs. karga mo-<br />
SorebiT Saosani dedaberi saqmianobs<br />
aivanze... arc ZaRlis yefa,<br />
arc mamlis yivili.<br />
osmalos batonobisas welSi<br />
rom gatyda Toki, mas mere asea _<br />
vinc marTlmadidebloba ar daTmo,<br />
gadaixvewa, vinc daTmo, _ ga-<br />
Turqda da ierli gaxda. 1944 wels<br />
ierli Sua aziaSi gadaasaxles<br />
da Toki mTlad dacarielda.<br />
mere, TiTqos,<br />
axlomdebare qarTulisoflebidan<br />
amovida<br />
ramdenime komli,<br />
magram, xelisuflebisuyuradRebobis<br />
gamo,<br />
umetesobam fexi<br />
ver moikida.<br />
Tokis centrSi XIV saukunis<br />
darbazuli saydari, sabednierod,<br />
aRdgenilia. Tlili, ruxi qvis<br />
daudevari wyobiT aSenebul eklesias<br />
etyoba, rom XIV saukunis<br />
ostati iseTi gulmodgine ar iyo,<br />
rogorc misi winapari. kargamoketili<br />
saydris win IX-X saukuneebis<br />
ramdenime qvajvari devs. odnav<br />
moSorebiT WobareTisxevs gadascqeris<br />
Zveli, mkvdari sofeli.<br />
morRveuli saxlebis kedlebi yoreTa<br />
doneze dasula. TiTqos<br />
soflisTvis saxuravi auxdiaT da<br />
zevidan davcqeri Camqral sicocxles.<br />
kidev ufro aRmosavle-<br />
TiT, zed kldis Tavze, dangreuli<br />
koSkia, romelic bolos, Turme,<br />
gamahmadianebul abaSiZes ekuTvnoda.<br />
vtovebT Toks da dasavleTiT,<br />
sarosken mivemgzavrebiT. sevdas<br />
xalisi cvlis, sasowarkveTas _<br />
imedi. da es ara imitom, rom saro<br />
didad dalxinebuli sofelia,<br />
aramed imitom, rom fesvi ar gaxmobia<br />
da qarTuli sisxli ar daSretia.<br />
TurqTa uRlis dros saroelebma<br />
udidesi gmiroba gamoiCines.<br />
maSin, roca javaxeTis erTma nawilma<br />
gamahmadianebas Tavi ver<br />
aarida, xolo meore nawilma gadarCenis<br />
mizniT kaTolikoba mii-<br />
Ro, saroelebma daufaravad atares<br />
sjuli. karga xnis manZilze,<br />
javaxs rom ityodnen, gaTurqebuli<br />
Tu gakaTolikebuli qarTveli<br />
an aq mosuli somxebi hyavdaT<br />
mxedvelobaSi. saroelebs maTSi<br />
aTqvefa ar surdaT da protesti<br />
Taviseburad gamoxates. es erTi<br />
saros mTavarangelozis eklesia da cixis koSkis<br />
naSali<br />
leqsidan Cans: `sarvelebi Tavis<br />
Tavsa javaxelad ara scnoben,<br />
vinc javaxi dauZaxos, im kacs<br />
hkicxven, im kacs gmoben~.<br />
amJamindeli 200-komliani saro<br />
zevidan dascqeris mis sakrebuloSi<br />
Semaval patara nijgors,<br />
romelic yurZniT, xiliT da metadre<br />
kaklis siuxviT iwonebs<br />
Tavs mtkvris xeobaSi, orive soflis<br />
xalxi, Cemi dakvirvebiT er-<br />
Ti `Camosxmisaa~. istoriuli qartexilebis<br />
kvali dResac SemorCenia<br />
aqaur vaJkacTa gafoladebul,<br />
daxvewil saxeebs, gamoxedvas da<br />
mozomil sityvas. erT-erT maTgans,<br />
siberes miaxloebul vaso<br />
aspaniZes sasiamovno garegnobis,<br />
darbaisel kacs im uZeelesi cixis<br />
naSalTan mivyavar, romlis<br />
warwera misi amgebis vinaobas<br />
gvacnobs _ vaCe gurgenis Ze. mis-<br />
Tvis demetre pirvels rexi da ma-<br />
Wa uCuqebia. gamodis, rom Zegli<br />
XII saukunisaa, arada qvaTa megaliTur<br />
wyobas, TiTqos, gacilebiT<br />
Zvel droSi gadavyavarT. aqve<br />
dgas IX-X saukuneebis mTavarangelozebis<br />
ornaviani eklesia. masSi<br />
dRemdea Semonaxuli sawinamZRvro<br />
bavrayi, romelsac yovelwliurad<br />
gamoabrZaneben xolme da sofelSi<br />
daatareben. saroSi yvelaferi Zalian<br />
saintereso da arqaulia:<br />
viwro, yoriani quCabandebi, erdobaniani,<br />
dedaboZiani da mercxlisbuda<br />
Weriani darbazebi, adamianebi,<br />
Tivisa da wivis zvinebi. TiTqos<br />
mamalic qarTulad yivis. er-<br />
Ti saxlis win oTaraanT qvrivis<br />
msgavsi dedakaci Camomjdara da<br />
windas qsovs, gzaze viRac saxedrebs<br />
modenis, iqve _ ficrulidan<br />
Tokis monasteri, soflis eklesia `wminda giorgi~ Tavisi<br />
stelebiT da xizabavris `laSas saydari~<br />
grdemlisa da uros Widilis<br />
xma ismis _ mWedeli<br />
sofels amxnevebs.<br />
aq, saroSi, bibliur<br />
sofels Sevcqeri.<br />
sarodan 4-5 kilometrSi,<br />
saroswylis ayolebaze,<br />
mis marjvena napirze<br />
xizabavraa gaSenebuli.<br />
xizabavra is sofelia,<br />
romelmac aspinZis<br />
omSi gamarjvebul mefe<br />
erekles sanaqebod umaspinZla.<br />
sofeli somexi<br />
mematianis cnobiT, 841-<br />
842 wlebidan Cans, roca<br />
saqarTveloSi SemoWrili<br />
arabi sardali xalil<br />
ibn-iazidi swored javaxeTSi,<br />
kerZod ki xizabirSi mouklavT.<br />
amdenad, is versia, rom xizabavra<br />
ori soflis mkvidrTa erToblivi<br />
dasaxlebiT warmoqmnili toponimia,<br />
Zalian Zvel dros unda<br />
gvaxsenebdes. erTi sofeli `xiza~,<br />
sadRac maxloblad yofila,<br />
meore _ `bavra~ ki dResac zed<br />
akravs axalqalaqs. 300-komlian<br />
xizabavrSi, dRes 290 komli ka-<br />
Tolike qarTvelia, danarCeni 10<br />
marTlmadidebelia. kaTolikeni<br />
XIX saukunis bolos vatikanis<br />
daxmarebiT agebul da dRes moqmed<br />
im did taZarSi loculoben,<br />
romelsac `qristes wminda guli~<br />
hqvia. marTlmadidebelTa Zveli,<br />
patara, magram ostaturad nagebi<br />
darbazuli eklesia XI saukunisa<br />
unda iyos, rasac erT-erTi warweris<br />
(`qriste, Seiwyale... mamai<br />
suliTa da giorgi Seiwyale~) paleografiuli<br />
analizi cxadhyofs.<br />
eseklesia wminda giorgis<br />
saxelobisaa, magram xibazavrSi<br />
mas kidev ori Serqmeuli saxeli<br />
aqvs: `laSas saydari~ da `Rarib-<br />
Ta eklesia~. pirveli saxeli, albaT<br />
taZris erT-erTi warweris<br />
gamoZaxilia, romelSic laSa-giorgia<br />
naxsenebi (`qriste, Seiwyale<br />
laSa alastneli javaxT ufali~).<br />
meore saxeli imdroindeli<br />
unda iyos, roca osmaleTis imperiaSi<br />
yofnisas (axalcixis safa-<br />
So), aqauri da SedarebiT laRad<br />
mcxovrebi gakaTolikebuli qarTvelebi,<br />
marTlmadideblad darCenil<br />
da dabeCavebul qarTvelebs<br />
medidurad uyurebdnen. am patara<br />
taZars aqvs osmalos batonobis<br />
dros Semovlebuli galavani, romelSic<br />
mxedruli asoebiT Sereuli<br />
nusxuri warwera aris: `saxeliTa<br />
RmrTisiTa ahRmarTes ...<br />
Cven saroelman...~ rogorc es<br />
warwera cxadhyofs, osmaleTis<br />
batonobaSi saroelebi xizabavra-<br />
Si mcxovrebi marTlmadidebeli<br />
qarTvelebis gadarCenazec zrunavdnen<br />
da maT taZars ganamtkicebdnen.<br />
laSas taZris galavanTan er-<br />
Ti didi, gemrieli wyaro gadmos-<br />
Cqefs. vinc ar unda gaiaros aq,<br />
marTlmadidebelma Tu kaTolikem,<br />
yvela am wyaros ewafeba.<br />
gela qoqiaSvili<br />
avtoris fotoebi
Change language