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ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
Jurnali<br />
acxadebs konkurss!<br />
CaerTeT<br />
konkursSi!<br />
gagviziareT<br />
Tqveni gamocdileba!<br />
saukeTeso gakveTili<br />
samoqalaqo ganaTlebaSi!<br />
gamogvigzavneT gakveTilis gegma,<br />
TvalsaCinoebebi da savarjiSoebi!<br />
saukeTeso gakveTilebis avtorebi saCuqrad miiReben<br />
Jurnal `maswavleblis~ erTwlian xelmoweras da<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />
gamocemebis srul kompleqts!<br />
konkursis daskvniT etapze sami saukeTeso gakveTili<br />
gamovlindeba.<br />
gakveTilebis gegmebi Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />
momdevno nomrebSi daibeWdeba!<br />
sakonkurso masala mogvawodeT qvemoT miTiTebul misamarTze<br />
an gamoagzavneT el.fostis saSualebiT:<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri<br />
Tbilisi 0102, dimitri uznaZis 52, tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95 faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36 el. fostiT: info@tpdc.ge<br />
www.tpdc.ge
SeiZineT<br />
Jurnali<br />
ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
moikiTxeT<br />
gamoiwereT<br />
Tqveni Jurnali TbilisSi, `macne~-s da `planeta forte~-s sacalo vaWrobis<br />
jixurebSi! saqarTvelos regionebSi ki ss `saqpresas~ jixurebSi!<br />
Jurnali `maswavalebeli~ saqarTvelos regionebSi!<br />
Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi<br />
Jurnal `maswavlebelze~ xelmoweris gasaformeblad mimarTeT `saqpresas~ da miiReT Tqveni<br />
`maswavlebeli~ Tqvens mier miTiTebul misamarTze yovel or TveSi erTxel!<br />
angariSsworeba SesaZlebelia rogorc naRdi, aseve unaRdo angarisSwrebiT.<br />
xelmowera eqvsi TviT _ 6 lari.<br />
saqarTvelos regionebSi Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />
gamowera SegiZliaT ss `saqpresas~ filialebSi Semdeg misamarTebze:<br />
baTumi<br />
memed abaSiZis #33 (fostis Senoba)<br />
aWarpresa, 7 22 42;<br />
axalgori Tavisuflebis moedani #8, 4 26 78;<br />
adigeni Tamar mefis q. #12, 51 59 05; 877 97 90 20;<br />
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aspinZa rusTavelis q. #10, 9 10 26;<br />
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axalcixe dedaenis q. #3, 2 03 13; 877 97 90 16;<br />
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zugdidi rusTavelis q. #92, 2 29 11; 2 35 95; 877 97 90 03;<br />
Telavi m. kostavas q. #10, 3 12 31; 877 97 90 02;<br />
Terjola rusTavelis q. #63, 2 11 12; 877 97 90 71;<br />
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kaspi saakaZis q. #1, 2 27 28; 877 97 90 34;<br />
lagodexi 26 maisis q. #6, 2 23 20<br />
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rusTavi megobrobis gamziri #9, 12 01 55; 877 97 90 08;<br />
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samtredia Tamar mefis q. #2, 2 20 52; 877 97 90 44.<br />
saCxere Tavisuflebis q. #5, 2 19 65; 877 97 90 69;<br />
siRnaRi cotne dadianis q. #2, 899 23 19 28;<br />
senaki rusTavelis q. # 253, 877 97 90 46;<br />
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Cxorowyu kostavas q. #5, 2 15 10; 877 97 90 66;<br />
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walka leninis q. 68<br />
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xoni gamarjvebis q. #2, 2 14 29; 877 97 90 58;<br />
xobi cotne dadianis q. #86, 22 24; 877 97 90 11;<br />
xaSuri rusTavelis q. #2, 4 20 98; 877 97 90 57;<br />
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xelmoweris pirobebze da TqvenTvis saintereso sxva sakiTxebze detaluri informaciis miReba<br />
SegiZliaT zemoaRniSnul misamarTebze, miTiTebuli telefonebis saSualebiT.<br />
damatebiTi informaciisTvis mogvmarTeT:<br />
ss `saqpresa~<br />
q. Tbilisi, didgoris q. #2 a , xelmoweris samsaxuri: 51-59-05 an 51-60-04;<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri<br />
Tbilisi 0102, dimitri uznaZis 52, tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95 faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36 el. fosta: info@tpdc.ge<br />
www.tpdc.ge
edaqtorisgan<br />
Cveni mizania maswavleblis<br />
profesuli zrdis xelSewyoba N3, 2009 1<br />
informirebis, diskusiis<br />
waxalisebisa da gamocdilebis<br />
gaziarebis gziT. Jurnali xels<br />
uwyobs maswavleblis<br />
profesiis popularizacias.<br />
ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
N3, 2009<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris gamocema<br />
profesiuli Jurnali `maswavlebeli~<br />
gamodis or TveSi erTxel<br />
redkolegia:<br />
sofo gorgoZe<br />
paata sirbilaZe<br />
lela samniaSvili<br />
naTia nacvliSvili<br />
Tamar onofrienko<br />
mTavari redaqtori:<br />
xaTuna kveselava<br />
redaqtori: nato ingoroyva<br />
stilisti: irma taveliZe<br />
dizaini: besik danelia<br />
foto: gela bedianaSvili, naili veqili<br />
mxatvari: mamuka tyeSelaSvili<br />
Jurnalistebi:<br />
manana xidaSeli, Tamar kacitaZe,<br />
irma kaxuraSvili, bela CekuriSvili,<br />
eka qevaniSvili, Tea Tofuria,<br />
Sorena burdilaZe, nino koSaZe<br />
foto garekanze: malxaz maWavarianis<br />
JurnalSi gamoqveynebul publikaciebSi gamoTqmuli<br />
zogierTi mosazreba, SesaZloa, ar emTxveodes<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />
da `maswavleblis~ redkolegiis Sexedulebebs. calkeul<br />
statiaSi dasaxelebuli faqtebis utyuarobaze<br />
pasuxismgebelia statiis avtori.<br />
sakontaqto informacia:<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri<br />
misamarTi: Tbilisi, 0102<br />
dimitri uznaZis 52<br />
tel: (+995 32) 95 13 95<br />
faqsi: (+995 32) 95 58 36<br />
el. fosta: info@tpdc.ge<br />
www.tpdc.ge<br />
ISSN 1987-6149 UDC 371.1<br />
m-374<br />
xaTuna kveselava<br />
mTavari redaqtori<br />
gamoiwereT profesiuli Jurnali<br />
ÌÀÓßÀÅËÄÁÄËÉ<br />
darekeT:<br />
Sps `wignis samyaro~: 45 33 79<br />
ss. `macne~: 37 47 49, 22 64 58
2<br />
Sinaarsi<br />
statiebi<br />
skola da Tanamedroveoba<br />
7<br />
zaqro giunaSvili<br />
Tanamedrove teqnologiebi skolaSi<br />
ra mizniT da rogor gamoviyenoT<br />
Tanamedrove teqnologiebi swavlebis<br />
procesSi<br />
praqtika<br />
10<br />
14<br />
giorgi gaxelaZe<br />
socialuri unar-Cvevebis<br />
ganviTareba skolaSi<br />
xuTi nabiji eqpertTan erTad:<br />
rogor SevuwyoT xeli mozardebSi<br />
socialuri unarebis ganviTarebas<br />
mosazreba<br />
siko janaSia<br />
skola Tu repetitori<br />
ratom ar dadian ufrosklaselebi<br />
skolaSi _ moswavleTa daswrebis<br />
problemis analizisTvis<br />
39<br />
36<br />
interviu<br />
nato ingoroyva<br />
naira gelaSvili:<br />
Tu skola ar Seicvala<br />
skolisa da ojaxebis fiasko _ mwerlis<br />
saTqmeli maswavleblebisTvis<br />
novatorebi<br />
manana xidaSeli<br />
erTi gakveTili or enaze<br />
marneulis me-2 sajaro skolaSi<br />
bilingvuri swavlebis danergva daiwyes<br />
problema<br />
33<br />
Tamar kacitaZe, eka qevaniSvili<br />
danaSauli da sasjeli skolaSi<br />
unda daisajos Tu ara moswavle skolaSi<br />
ra SemTxvevaSi da ra formiT _<br />
fsiqologebis gamocdileba<br />
50<br />
pasuxebi Tqvens SekiTxvebze<br />
ucxouri enis maswavleblebis SekiTxvebs<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris eqspertebi pasuxoben
N3, 2009 3<br />
rubrikebi<br />
17<br />
21<br />
23<br />
45<br />
42<br />
46<br />
mrgvali magida<br />
ufrosklaselebis arCevani -<br />
repetitori Tu sajaro skola<br />
skolaSi daswrebis problemis mizezebsa<br />
da gadaWris gzebze diskusiis<br />
monawileebi msjeloben<br />
fotoreportaJi<br />
eqsperti<br />
judit elioti:<br />
mTavari problema - izolacia<br />
inglisuri enis maswavleblebi<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis emzadebian<br />
_ eqspertis Sefaseba<br />
konkursi<br />
gamarjvebulebi<br />
Jurnali `maswavlebeli~ werilebis<br />
konkursSi gamarjvebul pedagogebs<br />
ajildoebs<br />
problema<br />
irma kaxuraSvili<br />
eqimis mosvlamde<br />
ubeduri SemTxveva skolaSi _<br />
maswavlebels pirveladi samedicino<br />
daxmarebis aRmoCena unda SeeZlos<br />
reportaJi<br />
Tea Tofuria<br />
cxra mTas iqiT da aqve -<br />
rogor davgegmoT eqskursia<br />
`maswavlebeli~ eqskursiaze<br />
meaTeklaselebTan erTad midis _ eqspertebi<br />
eqskursiis ukeT dagegmvas gvirCeven<br />
gakveTili<br />
bela CekuriSvili<br />
iswavle siamovnebiT<br />
bumbuliani niRabi, abaJuri da saaTiwruwuna<br />
_ gamoyenebiTi xelovnebis<br />
gakveTilebi skolaSi<br />
48<br />
53<br />
55<br />
RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
1. gakveTilis Tema: qimiuri elementebi<br />
_ epoqa da lavuazie<br />
2. praqtikuli savarjiSoebi socialuri<br />
unar-Cvevebis gasaviTareblad<br />
3. sasertifikacio gamocda ucxouri<br />
enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />
sagamocdo davalebebis nimuSebi<br />
25-32<br />
regioni<br />
nino koSaZewerili<br />
Telavi-biberaxi-Telavi<br />
Telaveli moswavleebi `Spraxdiplomis~<br />
gamocdisTvis emzadebian<br />
ganaTlebis istoria<br />
Tea Tofuria<br />
dRes, anu oTxi aTasi wlis win...<br />
unikalur Sumerulze firfitebze<br />
asaxuli istoriuli sinamdvilis<br />
Tanamedrove Strixebi<br />
resursebi<br />
bela CekuriSvili<br />
daiTvaleT varskvlavebi gakveTilze<br />
maswavleblebs gakveTilis Catareba<br />
namdvil planetariumSi SeuZliaT
4 mokled<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
vauCeruli dafinansebis programa<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdebamde maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centri pedagogebis profesiuli ganvi-<br />
Tarebis programebis vauCerul dafinansebas iwyebs. pirvel<br />
etapze trening-programebi im sagnebSi dafinansdeba,<br />
romlebSic sertificirebis procesi 2010 wels iwyeba. es<br />
programebia sabazo-saSualo safexuris qarTulis, maTematikisa<br />
da ucxouri enis maswavleblebisTvis.<br />
vauCeri pedagogs SesaZleblobas miscems, SearCios erTi<br />
an ramdenime akreditebuli saganmanaTleblo programa<br />
da etapobrivad, ufasod gaiaros mosamzadebeli kursi, sul<br />
4 kreditis odenobiT. mocemuli 4 kreditidan 2 gansaz-<br />
Rvrulia sagnobrivi da 2 _ profesiuli unar-Cvevebis<br />
programebis dasafinanseblad. maswavlebels SesaZlebloba<br />
eqneba, orive tipis programa gaiaros (jamSi 4 kreditis<br />
odenobiT).<br />
erTi vauCeri moicavs 2 kredits, anu maswavleblis saxelze<br />
gacemuli vauCeri iTvaliswinebs mis mier SerCeuli<br />
erTi sruli programis gavlas.<br />
programis ganxorcieleba 2009 wlis agvistodan daiwyeba.<br />
mpgc yvela sajaro skolas miawvdis akreditebuli trening-programebis<br />
anotaciebis pakets da instruqciebs,<br />
romlebic pedagogebs daexmareba Sesabamisi programebis<br />
SerCevasa da vauCeris miRebaSi. maswavleblTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis programebis dafinansebis vauCeri gaicema<br />
adgilobriv saganmanaTleblo resurs-centrebSi.<br />
damatebiTi informaciisTvis mimarTeT<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis vauCeruli<br />
dafinansebis programis koordinators, eka Jvanias<br />
tel: 95 99 81 el-fosta: ezhvania@tpdc.ge<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis vauCeruli dafinansebis<br />
programis farglebSi gansazRvrulia pedagogebisTvis farTo SesaZleblobebis<br />
uzrunvelyofa: isini akreditirebuli profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis programebs gaivlian, rac maT saSualebas miscems, aimaRlon<br />
profesiuli codnis done da ukeT moemzadon sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdebisaTvis~.<br />
eka Jvania<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris vauCeruli<br />
dafinansebis programis<br />
,,<br />
koordinatori<br />
`pestaloci~ _ evropul seminarebSi monawileobis SesaZlebloba<br />
programa `pestaloci~ ganaTlebis sferos profesionalebis<br />
treningebis programaa, romelsac evrosabWo evropis<br />
kulturis konvenciis farglebSi 1961 wlidan<br />
axorcielebs. maswavleblebi da ganaTlebis sferos warmomadgenlebi<br />
am programis farglebSi saerTaSoriso<br />
seminarebSi monawileoben. maT saganmanaTleblo iniciativebSi<br />
evrosabWos gamocdilebis gacnobis, aseve kolegebTan<br />
informaciis, masalebisa da inovaciuri praqtikis<br />
gaziarebis SesaZlebloba eqnebaT.<br />
evropis sabWos wevr qveynebSi organizebuli seminarebi<br />
msoflios masStabiT aqtualuri Tematikis ganxilvas<br />
eTmoba: ganaTlebis roli samoqalaqo sazogadoebis formirebaSi<br />
da adamianis uflebebi; interkulturuli dialogi<br />
da konfliqtebis gadawyveta; genderuli Tanasworoba<br />
demokratiuli saxelmwifos pirobebSi; sapasuxo<br />
nabijebi yoveldRiuri Zaladobis winaaRmdeg demokratiul<br />
sazogadoebaSi.<br />
yovelwliurad evropis sxvadasxva qveynaSi Catarebul<br />
seminarebSi 2000-mde maswavlebeli monawileobs. seminar-<br />
Si monawileobisa da mgzavrobis xarjebi anazRaurdeba<br />
programis farglebSi.<br />
2009 wlis bolomde dagemili seminarebia:<br />
slovakeTi _ From crimes against humanity in European history towards<br />
European idea;<br />
rumineTi _ Créer un climat scolaire pour une citoyenneté démocratique<br />
active;<br />
fineTi _ Right to Quality Education in Vocational Education and<br />
Training;<br />
rumineTi _ Inclusive classrooms: a whole school and classroom approach;<br />
kviprosi _ Promoting gender equality in schools: the role of school<br />
headteachers.<br />
dagegmili seminarebisa da ganacxadis formebis Sesaxeb<br />
informaciis misaRebad estumreT `pestalocis~<br />
veb-gverds: http://www.coe.int/Training an daukavSirdiT<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrs:<br />
tel: 95 99 81; el-fosta: ezhvania@tpdc.ge,<br />
sakontaqto piri: eka Jvania
N3, 2009 5<br />
wignis megobrebi<br />
dRes, informaciuli teqnologiebis epoqaSi, mniSvnelovania, rom bavSvebi<br />
wignTan davaaxlovoT da davamegobroT. am proeqtis saSualebiT safuZveli eyreba<br />
axalgazrdebSi kiTxvisadmi siyvarulis gaRvivebas. wignebis kiTxva bavSvebs<br />
uviTarebs warmosaxvisa da azrovnebis unars, rasac naklebad sTavazobs maT<br />
multimediuri sainformacio saSualebebi. XXI saukunis adamians yoveldRiur<br />
saqmianobaSi uamravi informaciis miReba da analizi uxdeba. misi warmatebisTvis<br />
ki aucilebelia am informaciis swrafad aRqmisa da gaanalizebis unari~.<br />
sofo kvernaZe<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,<br />
proeqt `wignis megobrebis~ koordinatori<br />
,,<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centrma, mozardebSi<br />
wignierebis donis amaRlebis mizniT, proeqt<br />
`wignis megobrebis~ ganxorcieleba daiwyo.<br />
proeqtis farglebSi, moxalise studentebi da ufrosklaselebi<br />
dawyebiTi klasis moswavleebs erTi saaTis<br />
ganmavlobaSi mpgc-is mier SerCeul qarTul da ucxour<br />
sabavSvo literaturas ukiTxaven, Semdeg ki bavSvebTan<br />
erTad msjeloben wakiTxul nawarmoebze. moxaliseebi<br />
saintereso da saxaliso garemos uqmnian patarebs, raTa<br />
yvela monawile maqsimalurad CaerTos ganxilvis procesSi.<br />
bavSvebi eCvevian diskusias, xataven sayvareli<br />
nawarmoebis gmirebs, asuraTeben epizodebs, rac warmosaxvis<br />
unaris ganviTarebas uwyobs xels.<br />
moxalise studentebisa da ufrosklaselebis SerCeva<br />
konkursis gziT moxda. sapilote proeqtSi, pirvel etapze,<br />
Tbilisis oTxi<br />
sajaro skola<br />
monawileobs: 165-e,<br />
56-e, 54-e da 49-e.<br />
proeqtis dasrulebis<br />
Semdeg mpgc<br />
moxaliseebs sertifikatebs<br />
gadascems,<br />
momavali<br />
saswavlo wlidan<br />
ki ufro masStaburi<br />
proeqtis ganxorcielebas<br />
gegmavs<br />
sxva skolebSi,<br />
romlebic proeqt<br />
`wignis megobreb-<br />
Si~ monawileobis survils gamoTqvamen.<br />
metyvelebis unaris ganviTareba ucxouri enis swavlebisas _<br />
maswavleblebisTvis seminarebi tardeba<br />
inglisuri da germanuli enebis maswavleblebisTvis konfliqtis<br />
zonebidan maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris iniciativiT da goeTes institutis mxardaWeriT<br />
Catarda seminari Temaze: `metyvelebis unar-Cvevebis<br />
ganviTareba ucxouri enis gakveTilze~.<br />
saqarTveloSi, sajaro skolebSi ucxouri enis swavlebisas,<br />
rogorc wesi, metyvelebas, sxva enobriv unarebTan<br />
SedarebiT naklebi<br />
yuradReba eTmoba.<br />
tradiciuli meTodebiT<br />
swavlebisas<br />
moswavleebi axerxeben<br />
weris, kiTxvisa<br />
da, nawilobriv, mosmenis<br />
unarebSi uke-<br />
Tesi Sedegis miRwevas,<br />
Tumca rTuldeba<br />
sasaubro unar-<br />
Cvevebis ganviTareba,<br />
rac ko-munikaciis<br />
erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi aspeqtia. eqspertebi amboben,<br />
rom ucxo enis Seswavlis procesSi metyvelebis<br />
unaris ganviTarebis xelSesawyobad aucilebelia meTodur-aRmzrdelobiTi<br />
koncefcia, romlis mixedviTac maswavlebelma<br />
swavlis procesi unda warmarTos.<br />
enis swavlebis am Tanamedrove meTodebis gacnobas isaxavda<br />
miznad seminari, romelsac ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministros inglisuri enis jgufis eqsperti judit<br />
elioti da goeTes institutis warmomadgenlebi Sorena<br />
kvanWiani da zurab bolqvaZe uZRvebodnen.<br />
darejan faniaSvili, goris me-5 sajaro skolis maswavlebeli: `siamovnebiT<br />
miviRebdi am tipis semianrebSi monawileobas. sasargeblo<br />
rCevebi miviReT da gavecaniT savarjiSoebis formebs<br />
da maTi gamoyenebis meTodikas, rac moswavleebSi ucxo enaze<br />
metyvelebis unaris ganviTarebaSi dagvexmareba~.<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris direqtorma<br />
sofo gorgoZem seminaris monawileebTan Sexvedraze<br />
ganacxada, rom msgavsi RonisZiebebi ucxouri enis<br />
maswavleblebisTvis momavalSic Catardeba.
6 siaxle<br />
ganmartebebi sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis<br />
maTTvis, vinc ucxour enaSi gamocdis Casabareblad emzadeba<br />
2010 wels ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis sasertifikacio<br />
gamocda Catardeba. rogor movemzadoT<br />
ra saxis davalebebis Sesruleba mouwevT maswavleblebs da ra<br />
moTxovnebs wauyenebs maT sagamocdo komisia _ `maswavlebelma~ am<br />
sakiTxebis ganmarteba gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxouri enebis<br />
jgufis xelmZRvanels, iva mindaZes sTxova.<br />
iva mindaZe, gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxouri enebis jgufis<br />
xelmZRvaneli: `ucxouri enis sagamocdo testi ori nawilisgan<br />
Sedgeba: pirveli nawili enobriv codnas amowmebs,<br />
meore ki meTodur sakiTxebs moicavs. maswavleblis<br />
enobrivi codnis Sesamowmebeli done Seesabameba<br />
ucxouri enebis swavla, swavlebisa da Sefasebis saer-<br />
To evropul sarekomendacio CarCos B2 dones.<br />
enobrivi codna im tipiuri davalebebiT Semowmdeba,<br />
romlebic enobriv testebSi xSirad gvxvdeba, magali-<br />
Tad kiTxvis unaris Sesamowmeblad. testSi Sesulia<br />
weriTi davalebac, pedagogs mouwevs mocemul Temaze<br />
argumentirebuli teqstis dawera. gamocda aseve moicavs<br />
smeniT davalebasac _ maswavleblebi moismenen<br />
teqsts, Semdeg ki mis irgvliv dasmul SekiTxvebs upasuxeben.<br />
enobriv nawilSi aseve SevitaneT davaleba,<br />
romelic teqstSi daSvebuli Secdomebis gasworebas<br />
gulisxmobs. siaxle isaa, rom swori versiis garda pedagogma<br />
Secdomis tipic unda miuTiTos _ mas unda SeeZlos<br />
Secdomis identifikacia, imis gansazRvrac, Tu<br />
raSi mdgomareobs moswavlis problema, romel sakiTxebze<br />
sWirdeba mas damatebiTi muSaoba. Secdomebis ZiriTadi<br />
tipebi, TandarTuli ganmartebebiT, testSive<br />
iqneba mocemuli.<br />
siaxlea smeniTi davalebac. teqstis mosmena da dasmul<br />
SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema maswavleblebs uWirT. amis<br />
mizezi saqarTveloSi audio-teqstebze muSaobis praqtikis<br />
naklebobaa. adre saswavlo procesSi, rogorc<br />
wesi, saxelmZRvaneloebi diskebiTa da kasetebiT ar gamoiyeneboda.<br />
bevr maswavlebels dRemde ara aqvs enis<br />
matareblebTan kontaqtis saSualeba, xolo ucxo enaze<br />
radio da satelevizio gadacemebi bevrisTvis dRemde<br />
miuwvdomelia.<br />
gamocda aseve moicavs ramdenime saxis davalebas me-<br />
Todur nawilSi. maT Sorisaa: Sefasebis saxeebi da miznebi,<br />
gakveTilis marTva, maswavleblis davaleba da<br />
swavlebis mizani. davalebebi rTuli ar aris, pedagogiuri<br />
gamocdilebac xels Seuwyobs maswavlebels<br />
swori pasuxis moZebnaSi. vcdilobT, meTodur nawilSi<br />
Sesuli sakiTxebi maqsimalurad calsaxa iyos, Tumca<br />
SegxvdebaT iseTi davalebebic, sadac ramdenime swori<br />
pasuxia SesaZlebeli. maswavleblisgan ar viTxovT swavlebis<br />
ama Tu im meTodis safuZvlian codnas. viTvaliswinebT,<br />
rom uamravi meTodi da urTierTgamomricxvi<br />
midgoma arsebobs, codnis gasaRrmaveblad saWiro<br />
literatura da internet-resursebi ki maswavleblebisTvis<br />
xelmisawvdomi ar aris~.<br />
davalebebis raodenobasa da sagamocdo drois xangrZlivobaze<br />
gamocdebis erovnul centrSi jer kidev msjeloben.<br />
oqtomberSi maswavleblebi sainformacio bukletsac<br />
gaecnobian, romelSic warmodgenili iqneba testis<br />
formati da TiToeuli davalebis detaluri aRweriloba.<br />
sanimuSo tests Tan erTvis swori pasuxebi, Sefasebis<br />
sqemebi da ganmartebebi. jer ar dazustebula<br />
gamsvleli qula, Tumca centrSi amboben, rom sertifikatis<br />
misaRebad maswavleblebma, savaraudod, SekiTxvebis<br />
60%-s mainc unda upasuxon sworad. sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdaze pirvelive wels gasul pedagogebs upiratesoba<br />
eqnebaT _ 2010 wels metyvelebis unari ar Semowmdeba.<br />
iva mindaZis informaciiT ki, momvalSi sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdas metyvelebis nawilic daemateba.<br />
`dasamali araa, rom zog maswavlebels uWirs ucxo enaze<br />
metyveleba. ukansknel dros ki mniSvnelovnad Seicvala<br />
swavlebis miznebi, aqcentma komunikaciuri unarebis<br />
swavlebaze gadainacvla. bunebrivia, rom aseT vi-<br />
TarebaSi maswavlebels metyvelebis swavlebac moeTxoveba~,<br />
_ ganmartavs iva mindaZe.<br />
Secdomebis gasworebis da meToduri davalebebis<br />
nimuSebi ixileT praqtikul danarTSi `klasi~,<br />
gv. 27-29<br />
gamocdebis erovnul centrSi gamocdasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT maswavleblebisgan winadadebebs<br />
elian. gagviziareT Tqveni mosazreba da miiReT<br />
pasuxebi Tqvens SekiTxvebze.<br />
dagvikavSirdiT: gamocdebis erovnuli centri<br />
iv. javaxiSvilis q.#60 Tbilisi 0102, saqarTvelo<br />
el. fosta: pr@naec.ge, tel: 43 92 12
skola da Tanamedroveoba<br />
N3, 2009 7<br />
Tanamedrove teqnologiebi<br />
skolaSi<br />
Tanamedrove ganaTlebis sferoSi swavla-swavleba<br />
ganixileba rogorc procesi, romlis drosac ubralod<br />
codnis gadacema ki ar xdeba, aramed codna konstruirdeba<br />
Tavad moswavlis mier socialuri garemos xelSewyobiT.<br />
rogor gamoviyenoT Tanamedrove teqnologiebi swavlis<br />
Sedegis gasaumjobeseblad _ XXI saukunis skola, axali<br />
ideebi da resursebi maswavleblisTvis.<br />
zaqro giunaSvili<br />
swavla aris gaazrebuli kompetenciebis<br />
Camoyalibeba realistur<br />
konteqstSi. gansakuTrebiT<br />
mniSvnelovania, es gamocdileba<br />
moswavlis interesebs Tanxvdebodes<br />
da xels uwyobdes aqtiur<br />
swavlas. aqedan gamomdinare,<br />
saswavlo procesSi fokusi gadatanili<br />
unda iyos iseTi garemos<br />
Seqmnaze, romelic codnis konstruirebas<br />
daexmareba. amgvar<br />
garemoSi moswavles unda mieces<br />
stimuli, damoukideblad ipovos<br />
problemis gadaWris gzebi kvlevisa<br />
da eqperimentis saSualebiT.<br />
igi unda waxalisdes, raTa dasvas<br />
SekiTxvebi, Seiswavlos da erTmaneTTan<br />
daakavSiros sxvadasxva<br />
obieqti an erTi da imave obieqtis<br />
sxvadasxvagvari warmodgena,<br />
muSaobis procesSi Camoayalibos<br />
da warmoadginos argumentebi.<br />
codnis konstruirebisTvis xel-<br />
Semwyobi saswavlo garemos erTerTi<br />
mniSvnelovani komponentia<br />
informaciuli da sakomunikacio<br />
teqnologiebi (ist). garda imisa,<br />
rom ist-i xels uwyobs moswavlis<br />
motivaciis amaRlebas, igi saSualebas<br />
iZleva, saswavlo procesi<br />
droSic da sivrceSic gascdes<br />
saklaso oTaxis farglebs da<br />
gaxdes maqsimalurad Ria. sakomunikacio<br />
teqnologiebis daxmarebiT<br />
moswavles da maswavlebels<br />
SeuZliaT moipovon realuri<br />
monacemebi, romlebic saWiroa<br />
am Tu im problemis gadasaWrelad<br />
da saswavlo procesSi Car-<br />
Ton is pirovnebebi, romlebsac<br />
uSualo kavSiri ar aqvT mimdinare<br />
saswavlo aqtivobasTan (magaliTad,<br />
kolegebi sxva skolebidan,<br />
samecniero wreebis warmomadgenlebi<br />
da isini, vinc analogiur<br />
problemebze muSaoben).<br />
codnis konstruirebis dros mniSnelovania,<br />
rom axali cnebis,<br />
obieqtis Tu proceduris Semotana<br />
da aTviseba moxdes realistur<br />
konteqstSi. es ki arc ise<br />
martivia. realuri viTarebis<br />
gadmotana saklaso garemoSi<br />
yovelTvis ar aris SesaZlebeli.<br />
amis magaliTia TvalsaCinoebebis<br />
da laboratoriuli cdebis gamoyeneba<br />
saswavlo procesSi. garda<br />
imisa, rom es yovelive materia-<br />
ist-i xels uwyobs<br />
moswavlis motivaciis<br />
amaRlebas,<br />
igi saSualebas<br />
iZleva, saswavlo<br />
procesi droSic<br />
da sivrceSic<br />
gascdes saklaso<br />
oTaxis farglebs<br />
da gaxdes<br />
,,<br />
maqsimalurad<br />
Ria.<br />
,,
8<br />
lur resursebs moiTxovs, aseTi<br />
saSualebebis daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia<br />
mxolod Zalian SezRuduli<br />
raodenobis da mcire masStabis<br />
mqone movlenebis realizacia.<br />
swored am problemis<br />
gadaWras emsaxureba simulaciis<br />
tipis saganmanaTleblo kompiuteruli<br />
programebi. simulaciis<br />
tipis programuli uzrunvelyofa<br />
realuri movlenebis imitacias<br />
axdens. igi saSualebas aZlevs<br />
momxmarebels, Seiswavlos movlena<br />
masze realur viTarebaSi<br />
dakvirvebis gareSe. ufro metic,<br />
dakvirvebis procesi SesaZlebelia<br />
imdenjer ganmeordes, ramdenjerac<br />
aucilebeli iqneba. es gansakuTrebiT<br />
mniSvnelovania iseT<br />
sferoebSi, romlebSic realuri<br />
eqsperimentis Catareba da misi<br />
mravaljeradi gameoreba rTulia<br />
da zogjer SeuZlebelic ki (magaliTad,<br />
ekonomikaSi, socialur<br />
mecnierebebSi, biologiaSi). TviT<br />
fizikasa da qimiaSic amgvari<br />
programuli uzrunvelyofis<br />
gamoyeneba Tavidan agvacilebs<br />
ZviradRirebuli mowyobilobebisa<br />
da masalis SeZenas. vizualuri<br />
dakvirvebis gamartivebis<br />
garda, simulaciur programul<br />
uzrunvelyofas is upiretesobac<br />
aqvs, rom misi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia<br />
raodenobrivi parametrebis<br />
aRnusxva da maTi gamoyeneba<br />
movlenis ukeT Sesaswavlad.<br />
meti TvalsaCinoebisTvis SegviZlia<br />
CamovTvaloT is upiratesobebi,<br />
romlebic simulaciis tipis<br />
kompiuteruli programebis saswavlo<br />
procesSi gamoyenebas aqvs:<br />
movlenis Seswavla realur<br />
viTarebaSi dakvirvebis gareSe;<br />
gameorebadoba: SesaZlebelia<br />
movlenis simulacia/ gameoreba<br />
SeuzRudavad;<br />
parametrebis cvlilebis<br />
saSualeba: SesaZlebelia<br />
parametrebis iseTi cvlileba,<br />
rac realobaSi xSirad Zalian<br />
rTuli an SeuZlebelia, magaliTad:<br />
temperaturis Semcireba<br />
an gazrda qimiuri cdebis<br />
simulaciis dros; droSi<br />
mogzauroba istoriuli movlenebis<br />
simulaciis dros;<br />
sinaTlis siCqaresTan miaxloebuli<br />
siCqaris ganviTareba<br />
fizikuri movlenebis simulaciis<br />
dros;<br />
monacemebis aRnusxva: realuri<br />
movlenis an laboratoriuli<br />
cdis Catarebisas monacemebis<br />
aRnusxva moiTxovs specialur<br />
saSualebebs da sakmaod Sromatevadia.<br />
es ki Zalian gaadvilebulia<br />
kompiuteruli simulaciebis<br />
gamoyenebis<br />
dros;<br />
usafrTxoeba: laboratoriuli<br />
cdebi da realur movlenebze<br />
dakvirveba zogjer<br />
garkveul risks<br />
ukavSirdeba,<br />
magaliTad: qimiuri<br />
cdebis<br />
Catareba sxvadasxva<br />
mJavis<br />
gamoyenebiT,<br />
fizikuri<br />
cdebis Catareba<br />
eleqtruli<br />
wredebis<br />
gamoyenebiT.<br />
CamoTvlili<br />
upiratesobebis<br />
miuxedavad,<br />
SevniSnavT, rom<br />
amgvar programul<br />
uzrunvelyofas<br />
mxolod damxmare<br />
daniSnuleba aqvs<br />
da igi mTlianad<br />
ver Secvlis realur eqsperimentsa<br />
Tu realur movlenaze<br />
dakvirvebas. es ukanaskneli<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />
moswavlis kvleviTi unar-<br />
Cvevebis ganviTarebisTvis.<br />
is, Tu rogor iyenebs moswavle<br />
saswavlo procesSi ist-instrumentebs,<br />
iseve mniSvnelovania,<br />
rogorc TviT es instrumentebi.<br />
isini yvelaze efeqturia maSin,<br />
rodesac integrirebulia moswavlis<br />
mier sakuTari codnis<br />
konstruirebasTan dakavSirebul<br />
aqtivobasTan. amasTan, codnis<br />
konstruirebis procesi ar unda
N3, 2009 9<br />
Seferxdes moswavlis (iseve,<br />
rogorc maswavleblis) arasakmarisi<br />
kompetenciis gamo. mas unda<br />
SeeZlos ara mxolod pedagogis<br />
mier miTiTebuli ist-saSualebis<br />
gamoyeneba, aramed amocanis<br />
Sesaferisi instrumentis damoukideblad<br />
SerCevac. moswavlem<br />
unda gansazRvros, saWiroa istsaSualebis<br />
gamoyeneba Tu problemis<br />
gadaWra ufro advilia<br />
kompiuteris gareSe (magaliTad,<br />
ubralod furcliT da fanqriT).<br />
informaciuli da sakomunikacio<br />
teqnologiebis gamoyenebis kompetenciebi<br />
SeiZleba daiyos sam<br />
doned:<br />
1. samomxmareblo kompiuteruli<br />
programebis codna im doneze,<br />
rom moswavles SeeZlos miTi-<br />
Tebuli instrumentis gamoyeneba<br />
masalis dasamuSaveblad,<br />
magaliTad: teqstis Setana da<br />
Senaxva, suraTis Casma dokumentSi,<br />
ricxviTi monacemebis<br />
Setana da martivi gamoTvlebis<br />
Catareba winaswar<br />
miTiTebuli sqemis mixedviT;<br />
2. miTiTebuli instrumentis<br />
saSualebiT martivi modelis<br />
damoukideblad Seqmnis unari,<br />
magaliTad: grafikiT gamdidrebuli<br />
teqsturi masalis<br />
Seqmnisas dizainis damoukideblad<br />
mofiqreba da realizacia;<br />
monacemebis organizebis<br />
Sesaferisi formis mofiqreba<br />
da realizacia miTiTebuli<br />
instrumentebis gamoyenebiT<br />
(magaliTad: cxrilis,<br />
diagramis, grafikis Sedgena);<br />
3. problemis gadaWrisas Sesaferisi<br />
ist-saSualebis damoukideblad<br />
SerCeva da gamoyeneba,<br />
programuli uzrunvelyofis<br />
mocemuli amocanisadmi<br />
adekvaturobis gansazRvra,<br />
magaliTad: imis gansazRvra,<br />
Tu monacemebis Senaxvis da<br />
damuSavebis dros romeli<br />
ukeTesia _ ubralo eleqtronuli<br />
cxrili Tu monacemTa<br />
baza; grafikuli masalis damu-<br />
Savebis dros romeli grafikuli<br />
redaqtoris gamoyeneba<br />
sjobs, an saerTod saWiroa<br />
Tu ara mocemul SemTxvevaSi<br />
grafikuli masalis gamoyeneba;<br />
prezentaciis Seqmnisas ra<br />
doziTaa ukeTesi vizualuri<br />
efeqtebis gamoyeneba, ise, rom<br />
aman ar moaxdinos ZiriTadi sakiTxidan<br />
yuradRebis gadatana.<br />
instrumentis gamoyenebam moswavles<br />
dafiqrebisa da gaazrebisaken<br />
unda ubiZgos. aRniSnulma<br />
aqtivobam mas swavlis ganwyoba<br />
unda Seuqmnas: ra SeuZlia aRmoaCinos<br />
ra kavSirebs xedavs<br />
ra daskvnis gamotana SeiZleba<br />
rogor SeiZleba axali aRmoCenis<br />
axsna instrumentis gamoyeneba<br />
unda ukavSirdebodes da efuZnebodes<br />
moswavlis codnasa da<br />
unarebs: ist-saSualebebis gamoyenebis<br />
sawyis etapze moswavlem<br />
misi saSualebiT unda moaxdinos<br />
imis realizacia, rac ukve icis.<br />
instrumentis daxmarebiT unda<br />
moxdes realur viTarebasTan<br />
kavSiris warmoCena da gaazreba.<br />
is xels unda uwyobdes TanamSromlobiTi<br />
saxis aqtivobebis<br />
organizebas da rac metad<br />
mniSvnelovania, istsaSualebebis<br />
gamoyenebisas moswavles<br />
unda mieces, rac SeiZleba,<br />
cota miTiTeba: sasurvelia,<br />
igi aRmoCenis gziT daeuflos<br />
ist-saSualebis funqcionaluri<br />
elementebis gamoyenebas. es xels<br />
uwyobs aqtiur azrovnebas, aRmo-<br />
Cenis unaris Camoyalibebas da<br />
amasTanave, ist-kompetenciebis<br />
ganviTarebas.<br />
saswavlo procesis kidev erTi<br />
mniSvnelovani sfero, romelSic<br />
SesaZlebelia informaciuli da<br />
sakomunikacio teqnologiebis<br />
efeqturi gamoyeneba, aris Sefaseba.<br />
Sefasebis procesis avtomatizacia<br />
moicavs moswavlis Sefasebas<br />
standartuli testuri davalebebis<br />
gamoyenebiT. amgvari davalebebis<br />
Seqmna SesaZlebelia<br />
rogorc gavrcelebuli saofise<br />
programebis daxmarebiT, aseve<br />
specialuri testuri davalebebis<br />
Sesaqmneli kompiuteruli<br />
programebis gamoyenebiT. isini<br />
saSualebas iZleva, Seiqmnas monacemTa<br />
baza, romelSic testuri<br />
davalebebi struqturizebuli<br />
saxiT inaxeba. bevri programuli<br />
uzrunvelyofa aseve iZleva<br />
Sefasebis Sedegebis analizis<br />
saSualebas, rac Zalian mniSvnelovania<br />
ganmsazRvreli Sefasebis<br />
dros. analizis Sedegebis<br />
safuZvelze maswavlebels<br />
SeuZlia<br />
moaxdinos<br />
pedagogiuri<br />
strategiis<br />
koreqcia<br />
moswavlis<br />
Zlieri da<br />
susti<br />
mxareebis<br />
mixedviT.
10 praqtika<br />
socialuri unar-Cvevebis<br />
ganviTareba skolaSi<br />
xuTi nabiji giorgi gaxelaZesTan erTad<br />
_ rogor SevuwyoT xeli mozardebSi socialuri<br />
unarebis ganviTarebas<br />
gamarjoba, Zvirfaso kolega! Tu survili da cotaodeni<br />
dro gaqvT am werilis wasakiTxad, vecdebi, molodini<br />
gagimarTloT. imedi maqvs, sasargeblo codnagamocdilebas<br />
gagiziarebT. samwuxarod, Tqvens<br />
mosazrebebsa Tu daskvnebs axlave ver Sevityob,<br />
Jurnalis meSveobiT saubris Taviseburebis gamo. magram,<br />
Tu gamoxmaurebas gadawyvetT, `maswavleblis~<br />
redaqciamde mosul Tqvens nebismier SeniSvnas,<br />
winadadebasa Tu aRweril gamocdilebas didi<br />
sixaruliTa da yuradRebiT gavecnobi.<br />
giorgi gaxelaZe<br />
Tanamedrove pedagogiur<br />
mecniereba-<br />
Si gamoiyofa unar-<br />
CvevaTa nakrebi,<br />
romelic uzrunvelyofs<br />
adamianis mSvidobian<br />
Tanaarsebobas<br />
sxva adamianeb-<br />
Tan _ sazogadoebrivi<br />
(anu socialuri)<br />
,,<br />
unar-Cvevebi.<br />
,,<br />
bavSvis sazogadoebrivi unar-<br />
Cvevebis gansaviTarebeli pedagogiuri<br />
xerxebis ganxilvamde,<br />
gTavazobT SeTanxmebas maT<br />
safuZvlebze.<br />
adamianis buneba<br />
da sazogadoeba<br />
cocxal arsebaTa samyaroSi mravladaa<br />
Tanaarsebobis magaliTebi.<br />
cxovelebi, Tevzebi Tu mwerebi<br />
sxvadasxvagvar jgufebad, gundebad<br />
cxovroben. ra aris amis<br />
mizezi Tanaarseboba zrdis<br />
maTi gadarCenis Sanss. jgufurad<br />
bevrad ukeTesad nadiroben<br />
da ukeT arian daculni mtaceblebisgan.<br />
es sargebloba rom<br />
ara, isini albaT cal-calke<br />
iarsebebdnen.<br />
adamianebic gansakuTrebuli sa-<br />
Wiroebis gamo Tanaarseboben.<br />
amaSi igulisxmeba, erTi mxriv,<br />
iseTi ZiriTadi moTxovnilebebi,<br />
rogoricaa sakvebis, wylis, Tav-<br />
Sesafaris mopoveba da fizikuri<br />
saSiSroebisgan Tavdacva, meore<br />
mxriv _ rogorc moazrovne arsebebs<br />
SeeferebaT – isini saerTo<br />
Rirebulebebs iziareben da usafrTxo<br />
socialur garemos moiTxoven.<br />
Cven SegviZlia viyoT Tavisufali<br />
_ winaswar ganvsazRvroT sakuTari<br />
qmedebis Sedegi da ise miviRoT<br />
gadawyvetileba. es gangvasxvavebs<br />
cxovelebisgan, romlebic mxolod<br />
instinqts emorCilebian.<br />
Cveni qceva, WeSmaritisa da mcdaris<br />
garCeva, adamianebTan urTierTobis<br />
xasiaTi Zalian xSirad<br />
im sazogadoebrivi jgufiT ganisazRvreba,<br />
romelsac mivekuTvnebiT.<br />
amerikeli fsiqologis, abraham<br />
maslous adamianis motivaciis<br />
Teoria da mis mier Camoyalibebuli<br />
moTxovnilebaTa piramida<br />
yoveli TqvenganisTvis kargad<br />
aris cnobili:
N3, 2009 11<br />
TviTrealizaciis<br />
moTxovnileba<br />
pativiscemis<br />
moTxovnileba<br />
damoukidebeli cxovrebisTvis<br />
mizanmimarTulad da erToblivi<br />
ZalisxmeviT momzadebis adgili.<br />
Tu warmodgenil debulebebs<br />
iziarebT da jer ar<br />
daRlilxarT, modi, nabijnabij<br />
gavagrZeloT!<br />
socialuri<br />
moTxovnilebebi<br />
usafrTxoebis<br />
moTxovilebebi<br />
fiziologiuri<br />
moTxovnilebebi<br />
Tandayolili Tu SeZenili<br />
SesaZleblobebi<br />
adamianis bunebas misi moTxovnilebebi,<br />
miswrafebebi da SesaZleblobebi<br />
gansazRvravs. SesaZleblobebi<br />
mrvalnairia _ zogierTi<br />
Tavad adamianisgan momdinareobs,<br />
zogierTi ki _ bunebrivi Tu<br />
sazogadoebrivi garemosgan.<br />
motivacia adamianis moqmedebis,<br />
saqcielis gamomwvev mizezTa<br />
nakrebia. Tu SevTanxmdebiT, rom<br />
qcevis mravalferovan mizezebs<br />
Soris umTavresi da wamyvani adamianis<br />
moTxovnilebebia, maSin<br />
advilad avxsniT maslous piramidis<br />
arss. umravlesoba upiratesobas<br />
aniWebs piramidis fuZes-<br />
Tan axlomdebare moTxovnilebebis<br />
met-naklebad dakmayofilebas,<br />
magram rogorc ki romelime<br />
`sarTuli~ met-naklebad pasuxobs<br />
adamianis moTxovnebs, es ukanaskneli<br />
ufro maRali `sarTulis~<br />
aTvisebisken iswrafvis.<br />
nebismieri adamiani sicocxlis<br />
ganmavlobaSi ukavSirdeba rogorc<br />
xangrZlivi, ise mokle drois<br />
ganmavlobaSi Camoyalibebul<br />
adamianTa erTobebs _ sazogadoebebs.<br />
am erTobebs msgavsebisa<br />
Tu gansxvavebis mravalferovani<br />
niSnebi da erTmaneTTan sxvadasxvagvari<br />
kavSiri aqvs. magaliTad:<br />
vaJebi erTi ojaxidan da erTmaneTis<br />
megobari gogonebi am va-<br />
Jebis samezobloSi; an TanaklaselTa<br />
dedebi da amave Tanaklaselebis<br />
da-Zmebi; an erTi soflis<br />
yvela mkvidri da iq stumrad<br />
Casuli mogzauri ucxoeli<br />
axalgazrdebi da a.S. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT<br />
Tanamedrove samyaroSi<br />
urTierTobis mzard SesaZleblobebs,<br />
Cndeba am SesaZleblobebisa<br />
da xsenebuli moTxovnilebebis<br />
swrafad da nayofierad<br />
daaxloebis sakiTxi. kerZod,<br />
rogor unda moxerxdes adreuli<br />
asakidanve adamianis imgvarad<br />
ganviTareba, rom mas gauadvildes<br />
sakuTari miswrafebebis ganxorcieleba<br />
misTvis Zvirfas Tu<br />
saintereso sazogadoebaSi (ojax-<br />
Si, TanatolebSi, megobrebSi, skolaSi,<br />
mezoblebSi, dasaxlebaSi,<br />
samsaxurSi, qveyanaSi, kolegebSi<br />
da a.S)<br />
am Zalian aqtualur kiTxvaze pasuxis<br />
gasacemad skolas mivmar-<br />
ToT. swored skolaa adamianis<br />
unari aris adamianis is Tandayolili<br />
Sinagani (fizikuri da fsiqikuri)<br />
SesaZlebloba, potenciali,<br />
romelic adamians dabadebidan<br />
aqvs. is mxolod SesaZleblobis,<br />
potenciis saxiTaa mocemuli.<br />
unaris Semdgomi ganviTareba<br />
ki damokidebulia imaze,<br />
Tu ramdenad Seiqmneba misi<br />
ganviTarebisaTvis xelsayreli<br />
garemo (mag. Sesabamisi wvrTna,<br />
cxovrebis pirobebi da moTxovnebi,<br />
da sxva).<br />
Cvevas uwodeben varjiSis Sedegad<br />
SeZenil, met-naklebad avtomatizebul<br />
moqmedebas. misi SeZena<br />
garkveuli varjiSis, e.i. mizandasaxuli<br />
gameorebis Sedegad<br />
SeiZleba... Cvevas adamiani iZens.<br />
vswavlobT Tu gveZleva<br />
Tu adamiani saTanado moqmedebas<br />
asrulebs _ Tandayolili unaridan<br />
mas garkveuli unar-Cveva<br />
ganuviTardeba, xolo Tu Sesabamisi<br />
pirobebi ar eqneba, ar is-
12<br />
wavlis, ar imuSavebs saWiro<br />
mimarTulebiT, maSin mas es<br />
unar-Cveva aRar ganuviTardeba.<br />
dimitri uznaZe unar-Cvevas uwodebs<br />
niWs. ganasxvaveben Semdeg<br />
unar-Cvevebs: akademiuri (kiTxva,<br />
wera, kritikuli azrovneba,<br />
SemoqmedebiTi azrovneba da sxva),<br />
pirovnuli urTierTobis (mosmena,<br />
saubari, verbaluri da araverabluri<br />
komunikacia, TanamSromloba,<br />
qcevis misadageba da<br />
sxva), da motoruli (siaruli,<br />
Zerwva, xatva, Widaoba, mizanSi<br />
srola da sxva).<br />
Tanamedrove pedagogiur mecnierebaSi<br />
gamoiyofa unar-CvevaTa<br />
nakrebi, romelic uzrunvelyofs<br />
adamianis mSvidobian Tanaarsebobas<br />
sxva adamianebTan _ sazogadoebrivi<br />
(anu socialuri)<br />
unar-Cvevebi.<br />
sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebi<br />
sazogadoebriv unar-CvevebSi ganixilaven:<br />
pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar<br />
Tavze aRebas, sxvis pativiscemas,<br />
TanamSromlobas, konfliqtis<br />
gadaWras, jgufSi gadawyvetilebis<br />
miRebas, jgufSi rolebis<br />
mravalferovnebis miRebas.<br />
1. pasuxismgeblobis sakuTar<br />
Tavze aReba<br />
amocanis Sesabamisad Sesruleba;<br />
pasuxismgeblobis sxvasTan<br />
gaziarebis survili.<br />
2. sxvisi pativiscema<br />
sxvisi mosmena;<br />
TanagrZnoba (empaTia);<br />
gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />
samarTlianobisa da<br />
Tanasworobis safuZvelze<br />
(jgufur muSaobaSi);<br />
sakuTar da sxvis rwmenebs,<br />
Sexedulebebs da ideebs<br />
Soris gansxvavebis aRiareba;<br />
azris gamoxatva sxvisi<br />
Seuracxyofis gareSe.<br />
3. TanamSromloba<br />
TanamSromloba jgufSi;<br />
Tavazianoba;<br />
masalis gaziareba.<br />
4. konfliqtis mogvareba<br />
sxvebis yuradRebiT mosmena;<br />
kompromisis daSveba;<br />
viTarebis Sesatyvisi<br />
reaqcia;<br />
pasuxismgeblobis aReba;<br />
samarTlianoba.<br />
5. gadawyvetilebis miReba<br />
jgufSi<br />
sxvebis mosmena;<br />
kamaTi ideebis garSemo;<br />
kiTxvebis dasma;<br />
Zalisxmeva Tanxmobis<br />
misaRwevad.<br />
6. jgufSi rolebis<br />
mravalferovnebis miReba<br />
mocemuli viTarebis<br />
Sesatyvisi qcevis<br />
gacnobiereba da Sesabamisi<br />
moqmedeba;<br />
rolebis monacvleoba<br />
(magaliTad, erT garemoebaSi<br />
lideroba, meoreSi _<br />
Semsrulebloba da a.S.).<br />
sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebis ganviTarebisTvis<br />
gadamwyveti mniSvneloba<br />
aqvs TviTmarTvis swavlas.<br />
es aris adamianis unar-Cveva, gaacnobieros<br />
da marTos sakuTari<br />
qceva. TviTmarTvis unar-CvevebSi<br />
Sedis: msxvili da natifi motoruli<br />
Cvevebi (moZraobasTan, Zalis<br />
gamoyenebasTan, sizustesTan dakavSirebuli<br />
Cvevebi), sivrceSi<br />
orientacia, moqmedebebis dagegmva<br />
da Sesruleba, drois marTva<br />
(drois efeqtiani da Sesabamisi/<br />
adekvaturi gamoyeneba), usafr-<br />
Txoebis dacva, jansaRi cxovrebis<br />
wesis dacva, qcevis normebis gaTvaliswineba<br />
(adamianTa jgufebis<br />
Sesatyvisi wesebis codna da gamoyeneba)<br />
da gaazrebuli arCevanis<br />
gakeTeba (miznis da Sedegis<br />
gaTvaliswineba).<br />
Tu warmodgenil debulebebs<br />
eTanxmebiT da jer ar<br />
daRlilxarT, modi, kidev<br />
erTi nabiji gadavdgaT!<br />
rogor vaswavloT<br />
gavixsenoT, rom adamianis yvela<br />
moqmedebas, saqciels motivacia<br />
udevs safuZvlad. dimitri uznaZis<br />
mtkicebiT, saskolo asakis<br />
adamianebis qcevis ZiriTadi<br />
saxe swavlaa. sazogadoebrivi<br />
unar-Cvevebi ki, rogorc aRiniSna,<br />
swored swavliT viTardeba.<br />
Sesabamisad, maswavlebels uwevs<br />
zrunva swavlis motivaciis amaRlebaze,<br />
raTa moswavles ukeT ganuviTardes<br />
sxvadasxva unar-Cveva.<br />
moswavlisTvis saskolo aqtivobebi<br />
SeiZleba iyos Singanad an<br />
gareganad wamaxalisebeli _ sxva<br />
sityvebiT, ganpirobebuli iyos<br />
misi Sinagani an garegani motivaciiT.<br />
aqtivobebi, romelic gamowveulia<br />
Sinagani motivaciiT, moswavlisaTvis<br />
TavisTavad Zalian<br />
sainteresoa. garegani motivaciis<br />
dros ki misTvis saswavlo<br />
aqtivoba TavisTavad sasiamovno<br />
ar aris, magram mainc axorcielebs<br />
mas erTgvari jildos misaRebad<br />
(kargi niSani, Seqeba, da a.S).
N3, 2009 13<br />
amrigad, moswavlis swavliT dainteresebas<br />
ganapirobebs misi<br />
rogorc garegani, ise Sinagani<br />
motivacia. es aucileblad unda<br />
gaiTvaliswinos maswavlebelma,<br />
imisaTvis rom mozardi iyos<br />
warmatebuli.<br />
zogierTi moswavle didi enTuziazmiT<br />
ekideba swavlas, magram<br />
arian iseTebic, romlebic maswavleblis<br />
mxardaWeris gareSe swavlisadmi<br />
did interess ar iCenen.<br />
maT mudmivad sWirdebaT Seqeba,<br />
stimuli da Tanadgoma. rac ufro<br />
metad motivirebuli arian moswavleebi,<br />
miT metia swavlis xarisxi.<br />
sazogadoebrivi unar-Cvevebis<br />
mizanmimarTuli ganviTarebis-<br />
Tvis erT-erTi saukeTeso gzaa<br />
socialuri meTodi _ TanamSromlobiTi<br />
swavleba. socialuri<br />
meTodis gamoyenebis dros xdeba<br />
moswavleTa dajgufeba. igi miznad<br />
isaxavs maT CarTvas TanamSromlobaSi,<br />
erTobliv Zalisxmevas<br />
davalebebis Sesasruleblad.<br />
socialuri meTodi<br />
SeiZleba iyos ori saxis:<br />
jgufisTvis micemuli<br />
amocana jgufis SigniT qveamocanebad<br />
iSleba. jgufis<br />
wevrs aqvs Tavisi funqcia da<br />
amocana. saerTo Sedegi<br />
damokidebulia TiToeuli<br />
monawilis Sedegze.<br />
moswavleebi muSaoben da<br />
fiqroben erTi da imave amocanaze<br />
erTdroulad, maT erTi<br />
da igive funqcia aqvT. aseTi<br />
forma ufro efeqturia axal<br />
amocanebze muSaobis dros.<br />
cxadia, rom am meTodis gamoyenebas<br />
Sedegi aqvs Sesabamisi<br />
saswavlo miznebis arsebobisas.<br />
Tu sazogadoebrivi unar-<br />
Cvevebis ganviTarebis warmodgenil<br />
safuZvlebSi dame-<br />
TanxmeT, maSin gagiadvildebaT<br />
am rCevebis gaziareba da<br />
warmatebulad gamoyeneba:<br />
yovelTvis yvelasTan urTierToba<br />
daiwyeT Tavaziani,<br />
gulTbili misalmebiT.<br />
yovelTvis yvelas mimarT<br />
gamoiCineT gulisxmiereba.<br />
ufrosi bavSvisTvis usafrTxo<br />
garemos saukeTeso mSenebelia.<br />
mzrunvelobis sauke-<br />
Teso gamoxatuleba dauzareli<br />
gulisxmierebaa. gulisxmiereba<br />
ndobisa da gulwrfelobis<br />
sawindaria. amis gareSe<br />
TanamSromloba ver Sedgeba.<br />
sakuTari yoveldRiuri moqmedebiT<br />
daamkvidreT wesebis winaswari<br />
SeTanxmebis kultura.<br />
yovelTvis yvelasTan daicaviT<br />
urTierTpativiscemis wesebi.<br />
xeli SeuwyeT mozardebs, ilaparakon<br />
sakuTar gancdebsa<br />
da emociebze. daexmareT, iswavlon<br />
grZnobebze laparaki,<br />
iswavlon problemis gadaWra<br />
sityvierad.<br />
mozardebisadmi pativiscemiT<br />
izruneT maTi TviTSefasebis<br />
gazrdaze.<br />
iyaviT keTilganwyobili,<br />
gulwrfeli da Semwynarebeli.<br />
nu iqnebiT metismetad seriozuli,<br />
gaexumreT xolme bav-<br />
Svebs, raTa maT Tqvengan siTbo<br />
igrZnon.<br />
savarjiSos pirobis axsnisas<br />
nu aCqardebiT, dawvrilebiT<br />
ganumarteT moswavleebs, ra<br />
evalebaT.<br />
sanam romelime savarjiSos<br />
Sesrulebas daiwyebdeT, darwmundiT,<br />
rom yvela monawiles<br />
kargad esmis, Tu ra moeTxoveba.<br />
saSualeba mieciT moswavleebs,<br />
warmoadginon maT mier<br />
Sesrulebuli samuSao da<br />
upasuxon kiTxvebs.<br />
kargad daakvirdiT jgufis<br />
muSaobas, darwmundiT, rom<br />
yvelas kargad esmis Sesasrulebeli<br />
davaleba. Tu saWiroa,<br />
kidev erTxel auxseniT, ra<br />
moeTxovebaT.<br />
nu miawvdiT moswavleebs iseT<br />
azrebs, romlebic ukve ician<br />
an SeuZliaT Tavad mixvdnen.<br />
saSualeba mieciT, sakuTari<br />
daskvnebi gamoitanon.<br />
mosTxoveT maT, imuSaon, radgan<br />
imis Segneba, rom dakisrebuli<br />
samuSaos Sesruleba SeZles,<br />
siamayesa da sakuTari<br />
Tavis pativiscemas gaaRviZebs<br />
maTSi.<br />
daimaxsovreT, rom rac ufro<br />
mkafio miTiTebebs miscemT<br />
bavSvebs, miT ukeT Seasruleben<br />
davalebebs.<br />
jgufuri muSaobis dros<br />
xmauri, Cveulebriv, enTuziazmis<br />
niSania. enTuziazmi ki<br />
davalebis Sesrulebas unda<br />
emsaxurebodes.<br />
zogierTi xmauriani aqtivobis<br />
dasrulebis Semdeg jgufis<br />
dawynareba scadeT da<br />
mxolod Semdeg gaagrZeleT<br />
gakveTili; SegiZliaT es araverbalurad<br />
aniSnoT bavSvebs,<br />
an xmadabla ganumartoT.<br />
scadeT, sagakveTilo procesSi<br />
CarToT ara mxolod<br />
aqtiuri bavSvebi, romlebic<br />
yovel SekiTxvas upasuxeben,<br />
aramed _ pasiurebic.<br />
praqtikuli savarjiSoebi<br />
gakveTilebze gamoyenebisTvis<br />
ixileT praqtikul danarTSi<br />
`klasi~, gv. 30-32
14 mosazreba<br />
skola<br />
Tu repetitori<br />
anu ratom ar dadian<br />
ufrosklaseli moswavleebi skolaSi<br />
siko janaSia<br />
Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />
skola<br />
gacilebiT ukeTesi<br />
ganaTlebis miRebis<br />
saSualebas iZleva,<br />
vidre Cveulebrivi,<br />
saSualostatisti-<br />
,,<br />
kuri repetitori.<br />
,,<br />
sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebulia<br />
mosazreba, rom damamTavrebeli<br />
klasis moswavleebis didi nawili<br />
skolaSi ar dadis, radgan umaRlesSi<br />
misaRebi gamocdebisTvis<br />
emzadeba. isini repetitorebTan<br />
mecadineoben, rac imis maniSnebelia,<br />
rom moswavleebs da maT<br />
mSoblebs ar akmayofilebT is<br />
codna, rasac skola aZlevs da<br />
ganaTlebis miRebis alternatiul<br />
gzebze fiqroben. aseve gvsmenia,<br />
TiTqos skola bavSvs maRali<br />
xarisxis ganaTlebas ar aZlevs<br />
da repetitorTan am naklis<br />
Sevseba xdeba. Sevecdebi ganvmarto,<br />
ra aris am mosazrebaSi swori<br />
da ra _ zedapiruli analizis<br />
Sedegi.<br />
arsebobs repetitorebis ori jgufi:<br />
isini, vinc dabali klasebidanve<br />
muSaoben bavSvebTan da isini,<br />
romlebic mxolod bolo safexurze<br />
erTvebian aqtiurad abiturientebis<br />
momzadebaSi. es statia<br />
mxolod meore jgufs exeba.<br />
pirveli, razec SeiZleba davfiqrdeT,<br />
warmodgenili Sexedulebebidan<br />
gamomdinare, aris is, Tu<br />
ramdenad dadis, an ar dadis<br />
maRali klasebis moswavleebis<br />
umetesoba skolaSi am kiTxvaze<br />
pasuxis gacemisas unda gvaxsovdes,<br />
rom saqarTveloSi me-11 da<br />
me-12 klasebSi, TiToeulSi<br />
60 000-mde moswavle swavlobs.<br />
Tu davuSvebT, rom maTi umravlesoba<br />
gakveTilebs acdens,<br />
radgan misaRebi gamocdebisTvis<br />
emzadeba, es niSnavs: am 60 000<br />
moswavlis didi nawili abiturientia.<br />
Tu statistikas gadavxedavT,<br />
SevniSnavT, rom:<br />
1. damamTavrebeli klasis moswavleebis<br />
umravlesoba abiturienti<br />
ar aris. skolis dam-<br />
TavrebisTanave umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />
moxvedras, bolo<br />
wlebSi erTiani erovnuli gamocdebiT<br />
(da es wlebi, albaT,<br />
yvelaze reprezentatulia),<br />
moswavleebis daaxloebiT<br />
naxevari cdilobs.<br />
2. damamTavrebeli klasebis<br />
moswavleTa mxolod 20-25%
N3, 2009 15<br />
xvdeba umaRlesSi pirvelive<br />
wels. anu yoveli 60 moswavlidan<br />
30-mde abiturientia<br />
da maTgan mxolod 15 agrZelebs<br />
swavlas. aqedan gamomdinare,<br />
SegviZlia davaskvnaT:<br />
Tu moswavleTa didi nawili<br />
damamTavrebel klasSi skolaSi<br />
ar dadis, es imis gamo<br />
ar xdeba, rom umravlesoba<br />
abiturientia. SesaZloa,<br />
skolas iseTebic acdendnen,<br />
romlebic umaRlesisTvis ar<br />
emzadebian. es moswavleebi,<br />
SesaZloa internet-kafeebSi<br />
dadian, rogorc amaswinaT<br />
duSeTis skolis moswavleebma<br />
miTxres, an ojaxebs exmarebian,<br />
ubralod, ar dadian<br />
skolaSi, radgan maTTvis es<br />
uinteresoa, an finansur problemebis<br />
gamo acdenen skolas.<br />
am sakiTxze saqarTveloSi<br />
seriozuli kvleva jer ar<br />
Catarebula da pasuxic ucnobia.<br />
Cemi azriT, Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />
skola gacilebiT<br />
ukeTesi ganaTlebis miRebis<br />
saSualebas iZleva, vidre<br />
Cveulebrivi, saSualostatistikuri<br />
repetitori. amis dasabu-<br />
Teba iolia, rasac ramdenime<br />
martivi faqtori ganapirobebs:<br />
repetitoris funqcia, rac<br />
saxelwodebidanac Cans, aris<br />
ara codnis micema, aramed<br />
naswavlis gameoreba, anu am<br />
SemTxvevaSi, gamocdebisTvis<br />
momzadeba. gamocda ki Cvens<br />
qveyanaSi qaRaldiTa da kalmiT<br />
tardeba. am instrumentebiT<br />
praqtikulad SeuZlebelia<br />
iseTi sabaziso unarebis<br />
Semowmeba, rogoricaa magali-<br />
Tad, metyveleba, lideroba,<br />
interpersonaluri komunikacia<br />
da sxv.<br />
repetitorebis umravlesoba,<br />
maTi saqmianobis specifikidan<br />
gamomdinare, ver iyenebs ganaTlebis<br />
im meTodebs, romlebic<br />
swavlebis procesSi ukeTes<br />
Sedegs iZleva _ magaliTad,<br />
socialur daswavlas,<br />
keTebiT swavlebas da sxv.<br />
repetitorebTan momzadebis<br />
mizani ar aris damokidebulebebis<br />
gamomuSaveba da<br />
socializacia;<br />
repetitorebs ar aqvT pasuxismgebloba<br />
raime instituciis<br />
winaSe da arc maTi saqmianobis<br />
Sefaseba xdeba. erTi<br />
SexedviT, bazari aregulirebs<br />
xarisxs, magram sinamdvileSi<br />
qveynis maStabiT mxolod ramdenime<br />
cnobili repetitoria,<br />
absoluturi umravlesoba ki<br />
e.w. `mrevlis~ kontraqtiT<br />
sargeblobs, miuxedavad<br />
imisa, ramdenad warmatebulia<br />
igi. magaliTad, mSoblebma<br />
arasdros ician, zustad ramdenma<br />
abiturientma Caabara<br />
umaRlesSi wina wels konkretul<br />
repetitorTan momzadebis<br />
Sedegad.<br />
dRes skola, rogorc institucia,<br />
zemoTCamoTvlil problemebs<br />
ukeT agvarebs, vidre repetitori.<br />
Cndeba kiTxva: ratom garbis<br />
moswavleebis nawili repetitorebTan<br />
amaze pasuxis gacema<br />
erTi winadadebiTaa SesaZlebeli:<br />
Zalian maRalia riski, rom skolis<br />
damTavrebis Semdeg abiturienti,<br />
romelsac umaRlesSi unda<br />
moxvedra, am adgils ver moipovebs,<br />
an sasurvel fakultetze<br />
ver moxvdeba, rasac Semdegi<br />
faqtorebi ganapirobebs:<br />
1. umaRles saswavleblebSi adgilebis<br />
raodenobis simcire.<br />
maTi saerTo raodenoba<br />
mkveTrad CamorCeba msurvelebis,<br />
an potenciuri msurvelebis<br />
jamur raodenobas. Tu<br />
imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom<br />
arsebuli adgilebis naxevarze<br />
naklebia iseTi, sadac ma-<br />
Rali konkursia (magaliTad,<br />
samze meti abiturienti TiTo<br />
adgilze), aRmoCndeba, rom<br />
adgilebis raodenoba, romelzec<br />
abiturientebis umravlesobas<br />
surs moxvedra, sinamdvileSi<br />
kidev ufro SezRudulia;<br />
2. gamocdebis sistemis Tavisebureba.<br />
am SemTxvevaSi, ramdenime<br />
mTavari faqtoria<br />
gasaTvaliswinebeli:<br />
gamocdebis programa,<br />
erTi mxriv, saskolo<br />
programas ar emTxveva da<br />
meore mxriv, meTormete<br />
klasis bolos moiTxovs<br />
me-7, me-8 da Semdegi klasebis<br />
programis codnas,<br />
rac aiZulebs abiturients,<br />
meTormete klasSi<br />
daiwyos wina klasebSi<br />
naswavlis gadameoreba.<br />
gamocdebSi warmatebis<br />
kriteriumia ara raRacis<br />
codna, aramed raRacis<br />
codna sxvaze ukeTesad.<br />
abiturientebi erTmaneTs<br />
ejibrebian, rac niSnavs:<br />
rogori kargi maswavlebelic<br />
ar unda myavdes, ar<br />
arsebobs garantia, rom<br />
Cems konkurents ukeTesi<br />
maswavlebeli ar hyavs.<br />
sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT,<br />
abiturienti ver akontrolebs<br />
sakuTar Sedegs, radgan<br />
sxvis Sedegebzea damokidebuli.<br />
Sesabamisad,<br />
SeuZlebelia imis sakmarisi<br />
sizustiT ganWvreta,<br />
Tu ramdenad warmatebuli
16<br />
iqneba igi misaReb gamocdebze.<br />
amasTanave, mis warmatebas<br />
uamravi sxva mniSvnelovani<br />
faqtori gansaz-<br />
Rvravs: magaliTad, fakultetebis<br />
arCevis taqtika,<br />
testis dros koncentrirebis<br />
unari, kulturuli<br />
faqtorebi da sxv.<br />
Casabarebeli gamocdebis<br />
simravle _ rac ufro metia<br />
gamocda, miT metia imis<br />
albaToba, rom socialurad<br />
daucveli axalgazrda<br />
mis Cabarebas ver SeZlebs.<br />
umaRlesSi swavlis gagr-<br />
Zeleba bevrisTvis Zalian<br />
Zviria, momzadebis siZviris<br />
gamo ki skoladamTavrebulebis<br />
naxevari arc cdilobs<br />
Cabarebas. erTi SexedviT,<br />
gamocdebis simravle<br />
imis winapirobaa, rom umaRlesSi<br />
ufro ganaTlebuli<br />
adamianebi agrZelebden<br />
swavlas, magram es _ mxolod<br />
erTi SexedviT. am sakiTxze<br />
damatebiTi informaciis<br />
misaRebad ixileT<br />
saintereso kvleva Temaze,<br />
uwyobs Tu ara xels testireba<br />
codnis amaRlebas<br />
_ misamarTze: http://<br />
epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v10n18/,<br />
High-Stakes Testing, Uncertainty,<br />
and Student Learning<br />
gamocdebis intensivoba:<br />
tardeba weliwadSi mxolod<br />
erTxel, rac Secdomebis<br />
gamosworebis SesaZleblobas<br />
amcirebs.<br />
maTTan momzadebaze iyos<br />
damokidebuli. repetitorebis<br />
umravlesoba skolis maswavlebelia,<br />
romelic dabali<br />
anazRaurebis gamo gakveTilebis<br />
Semdeg sakuTar an sxva<br />
skolis moswavleebs amzadebs.<br />
Sesabamisad, maT pirdapiri<br />
interesi aqvT, rom mSobelma<br />
ifiqros, TiTqos sxvagvarad<br />
SeuZlebelia umaRlesSi Cabareba.<br />
zemoaRniSnuli riskebis minimalizaciis<br />
gareSe SeuZlebeli<br />
iqneba saswavlo procesze repetitorobis<br />
gavlenis Semcireba<br />
da skolis rolis gaZliereba.<br />
Tumca mxolod maswavleblis<br />
xelfasis momateba, umaRles<br />
saswavleblebSi adgilebis<br />
gazrda da gamocdebis sistemis<br />
imgvarad Secvla, rom erTmaneT-<br />
Tan SejibrTan erTad moswavleebi<br />
dawesebul standarts Seejibron,<br />
ar iqneba sakmarisi. skolis<br />
miRwevebi misi damTavrebis<br />
Semdegac unda gaviTvaliswinoT.<br />
es gulisxmobs ara mxolod skolis<br />
niSnebis, aramed sxvadasxva<br />
socialur Tu akademiur sfero-<br />
Si moswavlis aqtiurobis gaTvaliswinebasac<br />
(klubebis wevroba,<br />
konkursebsa da TviTmmarTvelobaSi<br />
monawileoba da sxv.) Tumca<br />
amis misaRwevad saWiroa, zogadsaganmanaTleblo<br />
sistemis xarisxis<br />
uzrunvelyofis meqanizmebi<br />
amuSavdes, romelTa Soris yvelaze<br />
mniSvnelovani<br />
skolebis akreditaciaa.<br />
3. warmatebis warmosaxviTi<br />
kriteriumebi: repetitorebi,<br />
visac SesaZloa mSobelma rCevisTvis<br />
mimarTos, dainteresebulni<br />
arian, rom am ukanasknelTa<br />
warmodgenebSi gamocdebze<br />
misaRwevi warmateba
mrgvali magida<br />
N3, 2009 17<br />
ufrosklaselebis arCevani -<br />
repetitori Tu sajaro skola<br />
saskolo ganaTlebis bolo safexurze moswavleebis didi nawili<br />
skolaSi ar dadis. daswrebis problemaze daufaravad saubroben<br />
skolebis administraciebi da maswavleblebi. ganaTlebisa da<br />
mecnierebis ministris brZanebiT, im moswavleebs, romlebic<br />
gakveTilebs gaacdenen, mkacri sanqciebi daekisrebaT _ maT<br />
eqsternatis gamocdebis Cabareba an klasSi darCena mouwevT.<br />
ratom ar surT ufrosklaselebs gakveTilebze daswreba da<br />
rogor unda mogvardes es problema _ am Temaze `maswavleblis~<br />
mrgvali magidis monawileebma imsjeles.<br />
Sorena burdilaZe<br />
pirvel rigSi, skolis<br />
warmomadgenlebs mivmarTav.<br />
marTlac ase mwvaved dgas<br />
dRes gakveTilebze<br />
daswrebis problema<br />
lela wiqariSvili: daswrebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT, viTareba ukeTesia,<br />
vidre ramdenime wlis win<br />
iyo, magram damakmayofilebeli<br />
namdvilad ar aris. moswavleTa<br />
Sefasebis sistema, romliTac dRes<br />
vxelmZRvanelobT, daswrebis<br />
gacilebiT maRal dones moiTxovs.<br />
mravalkomponentiani Sefaseba<br />
ver Sedgeba, Tu adekvaturi daswreba<br />
ar iqneba. problema imdenad<br />
seriozulia, rom saswavlo<br />
wlis dasawyisSi kaTedrebis doneze<br />
sakiTxic ki davsviT: xom ar<br />
mivaniWoT daswrebas garkveuli<br />
procenti Sefasebisas da is erTgvar<br />
motivaciad vaqcioT. aseTi<br />
SemoTavazeba mSoblebisganac<br />
gvqonda. roca umaRlesi saswavleblebis<br />
pedagogebis silabusebs,<br />
kurikulumebsa da saavtoro masalebs<br />
vecnobi, vxedav, rom TiToeul<br />
maTganSi gawerilia calkeuli<br />
aqtivobis procentuli Semcveloba<br />
da daswrebas, saSualod,<br />
10% eniWeba. vaRiaroT, rom wlis<br />
dasawyisSi XI I klaselebis mSoblebi<br />
modian da daswrebis mxriv Se-<br />
RavaTebs iTxoven. anu mSobeli Tavad<br />
aris ganwyobili, rom misma<br />
Svilma skola unda gaacdinos. mizezi<br />
repetitorebTan siarulia.<br />
wels am tendencias xeli Seuwyo<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmebis safuZvelze<br />
Seqmnil saxelmZRvaneloebsa<br />
da misaRebi gamocdebis<br />
programebs Soris cdomilebebmac.<br />
lia WankvetaZe: Cveni skola daswrebas<br />
sruli simkacriT iTxovs.<br />
am mizeziT sasawavlo wlis dasawyisSi<br />
58 meTormeteklaseli skolidan<br />
wavida, darCenili nawili<br />
ki umkacresad kontroldeba.<br />
bavSvebi axerxebnen gakveTilebze<br />
siarulsac da repetitorTan mecadineobasac.<br />
Tu yvela skola<br />
mkacrad dasvams daswrebis sakiTxs,<br />
viTareba Seicvleba. simkacre yvelas<br />
Tanabrad unda movTxovoT,<br />
raTa erTi skolidan wasulma bav-<br />
Svma sxva, ufro `rbili~ politikis<br />
mqone skolas ar Seafaros Tavi.<br />
magaliTad, rogorc Cveni 58 yofili<br />
moswavle moiqca _ problemas<br />
xom amiT araferi eSvela.<br />
nino asaniZe: simkacres rac Seexeba,<br />
am midgomas seriozulad<br />
uSlis xels vauCeruli dafinanseba.<br />
SeiZleba maswavlebeli Zalian<br />
obieqturad wyvetdes, romeli<br />
moswavle darCes skolaSi<br />
da romeli ara, magram am dros<br />
direqtoris problema dgas. mas<br />
ar unda ukmayofilo mSobeli da<br />
moswavlis dakargva, romelic<br />
misTvis vauCeruli dafinansebis<br />
wyaroa. ver daveTanxmebi daswrebis<br />
faqtoris niSanze asaxvas.<br />
vfiqrob, es nabiji moswavleebSi<br />
usamarTlobis gancdas gaaCens da<br />
diskusiaSi monawileobdnen:<br />
lela wiqariSvili<br />
Tbilisis 1-li sajaro skolis<br />
direqtori<br />
lia WankvetaZe<br />
Tbilisis 51-e sajaro skolis<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
nino asaniZe<br />
Tbilisis 95-e sajaro skolis<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
gvanca CxeiZe<br />
mSobeli<br />
giorgi maCabeli<br />
ganaTlebis politikis dagegmvisa da<br />
marTvis saerTaSoriso instituti<br />
eka darbaiZe<br />
ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis<br />
saministros regionuli marTvis<br />
departamenti<br />
sofo gorgoZe<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris direqtori<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris<br />
sertificirebis koordinatori<br />
nato ingoroyva<br />
redaqtori, Jurnali `maswavlebeli~<br />
diskusias uZRveboda<br />
Jurnal `maswavleblis~<br />
mTavari redaqtori<br />
xaTuna kveselava
18<br />
lela wiqariSvili<br />
SesaZloa, garkveuli agresiac<br />
gamoiwvios. problemis arsebobis<br />
da misi gadaWris perspeqtivaSic<br />
mTavar figurad maswavlebeli<br />
mimaCnia. Tu pedagogi profesionalia,<br />
kompetenturia da pirovnuli<br />
Tvisebebic xels uwyobs, rom<br />
klasSi mimzidveli garemo Seqmnas,<br />
motivacia aamaRlos, bavSvebi<br />
aqtiurad CarTos procesSi da<br />
saintereso gaxados sagani, moswavleebs<br />
misi gakveTilis gacdenis<br />
survili aRar gauCndebaT.<br />
ganaTlebis politikis mar-<br />
Tvisa da dagegmvis saerTa-<br />
Soriso institutma, ramdenime<br />
wlis win, repetitorobis<br />
Taobaze kvleva Caatara. rogori<br />
iyo Tqveni daskvnebi da<br />
Secvlilia Tu ara viTareba<br />
giorgi maCabeli: es problema<br />
bevr faqtors ukavSirdeba da<br />
skolis cxovrebis yvela etapze<br />
axdens zegavlenas. metic, mimaCnia,<br />
rom daswrebis sakiTxi skolis<br />
marTvis yvelaze seriozuli<br />
problemaa. iq, sadac marTva SedarebiT<br />
efeqturad xorcieldeba,<br />
es sakiTxi naklebad aqtualuria,<br />
Tumca ver vityviT, rom problema<br />
saerTod ar arsebobs. zogierT<br />
skolaSi ufro rTulad aris<br />
saqme. samwuxarod, mSobels da<br />
moswavles dRemde ver gaucnobierebiaT,<br />
rom skola maTia da ma-<br />
Tac unda Seitanon wvlili mis<br />
gaumjobesebaSi.<br />
mSoblebis survilia, rom<br />
skola karg ganaTlebas iZleodes.<br />
moswavleebis nawils,<br />
romelzec axla vsaubrobT,<br />
konkretuli interesi aqvs _<br />
skolis Semdeg umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />
Cabareba. aris<br />
ki moswavle darwmunebuli,<br />
rom skolaSi miRebuli codniT<br />
warmatebiT gaarTmevs<br />
Tavs erovnul gamocdebs<br />
giorgi maCabeli: ar aris darwmunebuli<br />
da amitomac mimarTavs<br />
sxva gzebs. midgoma gaukuRmarTebulia.<br />
imis nacvlad, rom skola<br />
gavaumjobesoT, iol gzebs veZebT<br />
da am ZiebaSi swavlis process<br />
kidev ufro vazaralebT. mSoblebic<br />
martiv gamosavals pouloben:<br />
urCevniaT, Tanxa gaiRon da repetitorebTan<br />
ataron Svili, vidre<br />
skolis mSeneblobaSi aqtiuri<br />
monawileoba miiRon.<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili: gacdenebis<br />
tendencia X klasSi iwyeba, geometriuli<br />
progresiiT izrdeba<br />
XI-Si da XII -Si moswavleebi saer-<br />
Tod aRar dadian skolaSi. idealur<br />
SemTxvevaSi, swavlebis mesame<br />
safexurze maT garkveuli<br />
garegani motivacia aqvT _ umaRles<br />
saswavleblebSi swavlis gagrZeleba<br />
surT. codnis misaRebad<br />
gakveTilebi organizebuli<br />
unda iyos: maswavlebeli droulad<br />
unda Sediodes gakveTilze,<br />
aswavlides, Semdeg iTxovdes da<br />
ibarebdes moswavlisgan gakve-<br />
Tils. Tu es procesi Sedga, bavSvi<br />
naklebad gaacdens skolas,<br />
magram Cvens skolebSi aRniSnuli<br />
procesi darRveulia. erT-erT<br />
mizezad iTqva, rom erovnuli<br />
saswavlo gegma da misaRebi gamocdebis<br />
programuli sakiTxebi erTmaneTs<br />
ar Seesabameba. sainteresoa,<br />
ra doziT aris acdena _ cdomileba<br />
abiturientisTvis im riskis<br />
matarebelia, rom gamocdaze<br />
CaiWreba Tu imis, rom SeiZleba<br />
100 qula ver miiRos<br />
lela wiqariSvili: Tu saorientaciod<br />
umaRlesis programas<br />
aiRebT, erovnuli saswavlo gegmis<br />
mocemulobebis Sesrulebas<br />
ver SeZlebT. rac Seexeba cdomilebas,<br />
es mSoblebisTvis Zalian<br />
seriozuli mizezia. isini, SesaZloa,<br />
kargad ver erkveodnen sakiTxSi,<br />
magram saxelmZRvanelosa<br />
da sagamocdo programis sarCevebsa<br />
da nusxebs rom Caxedaven,<br />
Semdeg maTi damSvideba Zalian<br />
rTulia.<br />
gvanca CxeiZe: Svilebs skolis<br />
gacdenis mizezs vekiTxebi _ gakveTilebi<br />
mzad aqvT, arc avad arian,<br />
magram mpasuxoben, rom gakveTilebze<br />
Zili erevaT. albaT, umjobesia,<br />
moswavlis motivaciaze<br />
vizrunoT. mTavari roli am<br />
dros maswavlebels eniWeba.<br />
eka darbaiZe: mSobeli udides<br />
rols asrulebs Svilis motivirebaSi,<br />
magram roca bavSvi skolaSia,<br />
amaze maswavlebelma unda<br />
izrunos. gamosavali zeda rgolidan,<br />
direqtorisgan unda wamovides.<br />
is Tavad unda iyos motivirebuli<br />
da es motivacia maswavlebels<br />
unda gadasces. myavs<br />
mezobeli gogona, romelic X<br />
klasSia da skolaSi ar dadis, arc<br />
repetitorebi yavs, ubralod<br />
saxlSia. roca mizezs vekiTxebi,<br />
mpasuxobs, rom aravin dadis da<br />
daswrebas aravin sTxovT.<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili: sarepetitoro<br />
skolis gaZlierebis erT-erTi safuZveli<br />
swored misaRebi gamocdebi<br />
gaxlavT. es iyo am institutis<br />
sabWoTa epoqaSi gaCenis mizezic<br />
_ saswavlo sivrceSi bavSvi<br />
giorgi maCabeli
N3, 2009 19<br />
nino asaniZe<br />
umaRles saswavlebelSi Casabareblad<br />
saWiro ganaTlebis miRebas<br />
ver axerxebda. samwuxarod, es mizezi<br />
ar aris erTaderTi, sarepetitoro<br />
skola ki erT-erTi seriozuli<br />
barieria daswrebis kuTxiT.<br />
sabWoTa periodSi amis<br />
mizezi nawilobriv<br />
misaRebis gamocdebis<br />
korufciuli sistemac iyo.<br />
dRes sakiTxi ase ar dgas.<br />
ratom aris sarepetitoro<br />
skola isev aseTi Zlieri<br />
lela wiqariSvili: mizezebi ar<br />
icvleba. mSobels ar akmayofilebs<br />
skolaSi miRebuli codna, rac SeiZleba<br />
maswavleblis brali sulac<br />
ar iyos. Cems skolaSi aswavlis<br />
Zalian kvalificiuri maTematikis<br />
maswavlebeli, romelic amave dros<br />
warmatebuli repetitoria. is<br />
klasSi xom ver daiklebs kvalifikacias<br />
da kerZo gakveTilebis<br />
dros xom ver aimaRlebs mSobeli<br />
ambobs, rom urCevnia, meti Tanxa<br />
gadaixados da individualuri an<br />
3-4 wevrian jgufSi Catarebuli<br />
gakveTili moiTxovos. am dros<br />
maswavlebeli SeiZleba igive<br />
iyos, vinc bavSvs skolaSi hyavs.<br />
sofo gorgoZe: ar aris dadasturebuli,<br />
rom mcirekontingentian<br />
klasSi maswavlebeli ufro efeqturad<br />
axerxebs moswavleTa codnis<br />
amaRlebas. SesaZlebelia, rom<br />
saTanado strategiebis gamoyenebiT,<br />
man mravalricxovan klasSic<br />
karg Sedegs miaRwios. magaliTis-<br />
Tvis singapuris skolebs dagisaxelebT,<br />
sadac zogierT klasSi<br />
daaxloebiT 60 bavSvi zis. aRiarebuli<br />
faqtia, rom singapureli<br />
bavSvebi yvela saerTaSoriso SefasebaSi<br />
pirvel adgils ikaveben,<br />
gansakuTrebiT teqnikur sagneb-<br />
Si. mSoblebs arasworad aqvT Camoyalibebuli<br />
Sexeduleba, rom<br />
mravalmoswavlian klasSi pedagogs<br />
srulfasovnad muSaoba ar<br />
SeuZlia.<br />
darwmunebuli xarT, rom<br />
yvela ufrosklaseli, romelic<br />
skolas acdens, am dros<br />
repetitorTan mecadineobs<br />
nino asaniZe: Cemi skola qalaqis<br />
erT-erT gareubanSi mdebareobs.<br />
aq ufro xelmokle ojaxebis<br />
Svilebi swavloben. mSoblebi<br />
cdiloben, limoniviT gamogvwuron<br />
da maqsimumi miiRon pedagogebisgan.<br />
maT Svilebis repetitorebTan<br />
tarebis saSualeba ara<br />
aqvT. kursdamTavrebulTa nawili<br />
skolaSi miRebuli codniTac<br />
warmatebiT abarebs erovnul<br />
gamocdebs. bavSvebi sixaruliT<br />
modian, skolas ar acdenen, ubralod<br />
yvela gakveTilze ar Sedian.<br />
damakmayofilebelia XI I klaselebis<br />
daswrebac. Tavis droze Cvenma<br />
skolam Zalian mkacrad moiTxova<br />
samedicino cnobebi. mSobels<br />
aseTi cnobis aReba 15 lari ujdeba,<br />
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,<br />
icis, rom misma Svilma gacdenili<br />
saaTebi unda aanazRauros. aRricxva<br />
xdeba I da VI gakveTilze.<br />
damrigebeli, bavSvis aryofnis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, mSobels momentalurad<br />
ayenebs saqmis kursSi.<br />
lia WankvetaZe: 4-5 wlis win Cven-<br />
Tan diferencirebuli swavleba<br />
iyo. moqmedebda humanitaruli,<br />
teqnikuri, sabunebismetyvelo<br />
da ekonomikuri klasebi. ganaTlebis<br />
saministrom IX klasis bolos<br />
yvela saganSi Zalian seriozuli<br />
gamocdebi Caatara da bav-<br />
Svebi, romlebmac minimumi ver<br />
gadalaxes, swavlebis mesame safexurze<br />
ver gadavidnen. mniSvnelovania<br />
saxelobo ganaTlebis xel-<br />
Sewyobac, raTa mas, visac mesame<br />
safexurze swavla ar SeuZlia,<br />
skolidan wasasvleli hqondes.<br />
ministris 7 maisis brZanebulebiT,<br />
sagakveTilo drois<br />
gacdenis gamo mkacri sanqciebi<br />
Semodis. damrigebeli<br />
pasuxismgebelia Jurnalis<br />
warmoebaze, xolo sagnisTvis<br />
gankuTvnili saaTebis 1/5-is<br />
gacdenis SemTxvevaSi, moswavle<br />
eqsternatis gamocdebs<br />
abarebs. rogor fiqrobT,<br />
ramdenad efeqturi iqneba<br />
es regulireba<br />
lela wiqariSvili: am brZaneba-<br />
Si moxseniebuli wesebi ama Tu im<br />
formiT ukve moqmedebs skoleb-<br />
Si, Tumca mxolod im skolebSi,<br />
romlebic Tavisi kontingentis<br />
mimarT pasuxismgeblobas grZnoben.<br />
trimestrSi sagnisTvis gankuTvnili<br />
saaTebis 1/3-is gacdenis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, sagnis maswavlebeli<br />
moswavles gamokiTxvas uwyobs<br />
sxva pedagogis TandaswrebiT.<br />
brZanebulebaSi axali araferia,<br />
rac Cveni saskolo praqtikidan<br />
ar momdinareobs. misasalmebelia,<br />
rom Jurnali savaldebulo dokumentad<br />
CaiTvleba da mkacri<br />
aRricxva savaldebulo gaxdeba.<br />
xom ar gamoiwvevs wesebis<br />
gamkacreba problemebs<br />
mSoblebTan mkacri midgomis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, vauCeruli<br />
dafinansebis sakiTxic<br />
daisva saubris dasawyisSi...<br />
sofo gorgoZe
20<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili<br />
nino asaniZe: bavSvebis umravlesoba<br />
saSualo skolas amTavrebs<br />
da mizani gansazRvruli ara aqvs.<br />
marTalia, mesame safexuri savaldebulo<br />
ar aris, magram ufros<br />
klasebSi is moswavleebic gadmodian,<br />
romlebsac umaRlesSi<br />
gagrZelebis perspeqtiva ara<br />
aqvT. es kontingenti dadis<br />
skolaSi da TviTonac ar icis,<br />
ratom. mSobelic Seguebulia,<br />
rom bavSvi arafers iswavlis,<br />
samagierod, urCevnia, quCaSi ar<br />
idges da skolam mwyemsos is.<br />
nato ingoroyva: Tu yvela skolam<br />
Tanabari pirobebi ar wamoayena,<br />
aRmoCndeba, rom zogierT<br />
skolas ufro msubuqi wesebi<br />
aqvs da mSobelic misken aiRebs<br />
gezs. faqtia, rom im 58-ma moswavlem,<br />
romelic 51-e skolidan<br />
gacdenis gamo wavida, sxva skolebs<br />
Seafara Tavi. marTalia, yvela<br />
skolas individualuri midgoma<br />
aqvs mSoblebsa da moswavleebTan,<br />
magram es wesebi saerTo<br />
problemis mosagvareblad unda<br />
daareguliros vinmem da raimem.<br />
giorgi maCabeli: saboloo jamSi,<br />
yvelaferi TiToeuli skolis warmatebaze<br />
aisaxeba. is, vinc am bav-<br />
Svebs miiRebs da disciplinaze<br />
Tvals daxuWavs, SeiZleba finansurad<br />
mogebuli darCes, magram<br />
sabolood mainc warumatebeli skolis<br />
imijs SeiZens. aqac marTvis<br />
sakiTxia gadamwyveti. mSoblebTanac<br />
seriozuli samuSaoa Casatarebeli,<br />
radgan gaukuRmarTebuli<br />
dakveTa yvelaze didi saSiSroebaa<br />
skolis ganviTarebisTvis.<br />
lela wiqariSvili: vinaidan saqme<br />
ZiriTadad sajaro skolebs<br />
exeba, sasurvelia, moTxovna da<br />
valdebulebebi yvela skolis administraciisadmi<br />
Tanabari iyos<br />
_ rac ar unda liberaluri xedva<br />
da politika gvqondes, garkveuli<br />
valdebulebebi yvelasTvis<br />
saerToa. aman SeiZleba nihilisturi<br />
damokidebuleba gamoiwvios<br />
vauCeruli dafinansebis sistemis<br />
mimarT, romelic, saboloo jamSi,<br />
Zalian pozitiuria. ar Rirs yvelaferSi<br />
safrTxis Zieba: ra safrTxe<br />
devs am dokumentSi, an ra<br />
safrTxe emuqreba maswavlebels...<br />
es erTgvari fobiebia, romlebic<br />
bolo dros Camoyalibda.<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili: vTqvaT, sancqiebma<br />
Sedegi gamoiRo da bavSvebma<br />
skolaSi siaruli daiwyes.<br />
es swavlebis procesSi fundamentur<br />
cvlilebebs gamoiwvevs gadavinacvloT<br />
ramdenime wliT<br />
ukan, roca daswrebis problema<br />
skolebSi ar arsebobda. damam-<br />
Tavrebel klasebSi bavSvebi ar<br />
acdendnen, magram skolis dam-<br />
Tavrebis Semdeg 1 wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />
yvela gadioda sarepetitoro<br />
skolas. Tu saswavlo proces-<br />
Si araferi Seicvala, realuradac<br />
araferi Seicvleba. bavSvi, marTvis<br />
liberaluri politikis damsaxurebiT,<br />
XI I klasSi ivlis repetitorTan<br />
Tu XI I klasis Semdeg, amiT<br />
skolis TviTRirebulebas raime<br />
Seemateba fundamentur cvlilebebze<br />
gavdivarT Tu mxolod<br />
im reJimSi vbrundebiT, rom<br />
bavSvi mowesrigebuli iyos<br />
sofo gorgoZe: gaumjobesdeba<br />
disciplina, rac xels Seuwyobs<br />
swavlebas da aqedan gamomdinare,<br />
mis gaumjobesebasac unda velodoT,<br />
Tumca ganaTlebis xarisxis<br />
asamaRleblad es sakmarisi namdvilad<br />
ver iqneba.<br />
Cveni diskusia rom SevajamoT:<br />
gamoikveTa wesebis<br />
gamkacrebis, maswavlebelTa<br />
kvalifikaciis amaRlebis,<br />
skolis mniSvnelobis gazrdis<br />
aucileblobis sakiTxebi.<br />
rogoria Tqveni saboloo<br />
rekomendaciebi<br />
lela wiqariSvili: ar SeiZleba<br />
valdebulebebi movxsnaT imitom,<br />
rom mosaxleobis raRac kategoria<br />
ganawyendeba. midgomebi Tanabari<br />
unda iyos. Tu bavSvi skolaSi<br />
ar aris, ver viqnebiT darwmunebuli,<br />
rom is saxlSia. winadadeba<br />
mqonda, kanoniT daregulirebuliyo<br />
internet-kafeebis<br />
muSaobis reJimi. iqneb maT ar<br />
imuSaon dRis pirvel naxevarSi,<br />
pirvel cvlaSi mainc.<br />
giorgi maCabeli: Zalian kargi<br />
iqneboda, am mxriv warmatebuli<br />
skolebis magaliTebis gacnoba: rogor<br />
axerxeben am problemis mogvarebas.<br />
es sakiTxi skolebs Soris<br />
msjelobis sagani unda gaxdes.<br />
nino asaniZe: wesebis gamkacreba<br />
mniSvnelovani faqtoria da mas<br />
albaT dadebiTi Sedegic mohyveba.<br />
Tumca amiT mSoblebis guliswyromas<br />
gamoviwvevT, radgan skolebi<br />
jerjerobiT ver uzrunvelyofen<br />
maTi SvilebisTvis xarisxiani<br />
ganaTlebis miRebas. sjobs,<br />
yuradReba maswavleblebis kvalifikaciis<br />
amaRlebas daeTmos.<br />
roca maswavleblis done aiwevs da<br />
is saTanado xarisxis ganaTlebas<br />
miscems, moswavle repetitoris<br />
gareSec SeZlebs umaRles saswavlebelSi<br />
Cabarebas. amiT repetitoris<br />
institutsac gamoecleba<br />
safuZveli.
eqsperti<br />
N3, 2009 21<br />
mTavari problema -<br />
izolacia<br />
judit elioti inglisuri enis maswavleblebs<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdisTvis amzadebs<br />
xaTuna kveselava<br />
bolo cxra Tvis manZilze<br />
saqarTvelos 10-mde region-<br />
Si imogzaureT _ inglisuri<br />
enis maswavleblebs gamocdisTvis<br />
amzadebT. ramdenad<br />
rTulia es misia rogor<br />
muSaobT<br />
mivxvdi, rom inglisuri enis yvela<br />
maswavlebels piradad ver Sevxvdebi<br />
da saTanadod ver davexmarebi.<br />
amitom regionebSi mogzaurobisas<br />
im adamianebs veZeb, romlebic<br />
momavalSi maswavleblebisTvis<br />
treningebis Catarebas SeZleben.<br />
ianvarSi me da sofo gorgo-<br />
Zem (maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris direqtori,<br />
red.) msoflio banks winadadebiT<br />
mivmarTeT da qarTveli trenerebis<br />
momzadebaSi mxardaWera<br />
vTxoveT. ukve 15 adamiani Sevar-<br />
CieT da baTumSi treningi CavutareT.<br />
isini amJamad dasavleT<br />
saqarTvelosa da axalcixeSi mu-<br />
Saoben. minda, msgavsi jgufi Tbilissa<br />
da aRmosavleT saqarTveloSic<br />
Sevqmna. es Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />
radgan uamrav pedagogs<br />
unda `mivwvdeT~. aucilebelia ma-<br />
Ti identificireba, visac daxmareba<br />
sWirdeba, Semdeg ki darwmuneba,<br />
rom movidnen da treningebSi<br />
monawileoba miiRon.<br />
anu dgas maswavleblebis<br />
pasiurobisa da dabali<br />
motivaciis problema<br />
Zalian seriozulad... aTasobiT<br />
hipoTeza mqonda am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.<br />
Tavad gansajeT: dekemberSi<br />
baTumSi sami seminari Cavatare.<br />
am qalaqSi inglisuri enis<br />
177 maswavlebelia. TiTo treningze<br />
sul 10-10 adamiani movida,<br />
maSin roca 30-30-s velodebodi.<br />
vici, rom treningis Sesaxeb informacia<br />
droulad hqondaT. meubnebian,<br />
rom maswavleblebs ojaxebi<br />
hyavT misaxedi, isic miTxres, rom<br />
zogierTi maTgani sakuTar TavSi<br />
darwmunebuli ar aris da amitom<br />
ar modis. Cemi mizania maswavleblebis<br />
darwmuneba, movidnen treningebze<br />
da isargeblon kvalifikaciis<br />
amaRlebis am SesaZleblobiT.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, ra aris<br />
saqarTveloSi inglisuri<br />
enis maswavleblebis<br />
mTavari problema<br />
vfiqrob, rom mTavari problema<br />
izolaciaa. inglisuri enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />
profesiuli kontaqtebis<br />
damyareba rTulia, kav-<br />
Sirebi da resursebi ki _ SezRuduli.<br />
xSirad isini Tbilisidan<br />
moSorebul soflebSi cxovroben<br />
da sul mcire, ori saaTi da saSineli<br />
gzis gavla sWirdebaT, raTa<br />
dedaqalaqSi Camovidnen, profesiuli<br />
organizaciebis saqmianoba-<br />
Si CaerTon. profesiuli gamocemebi<br />
maTTvis xelmisawvdomi ar aris.<br />
mTavari mizani am izolaciis daZsaqarTvelos<br />
bevr qarTvelze<br />
ukeT icnobs _ ruka misi<br />
`saukeTeso megobaria~,<br />
regionebSi mogzauroba ki _<br />
samsaxureobrivi movaleoba.<br />
aRmoaCina, rom SeiZleba<br />
`marSrutkas~ yuTiT wignebi<br />
gaatano regionSi. aqvs qseroqsi,<br />
interneti da mobiluri<br />
telefoni, e.i. muSaoba SeuZlia.<br />
jorjTaunis universitetisa<br />
da aSS saxelmwifo<br />
departamentis mxardaWeriT<br />
saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da<br />
mecnierebis saministrosTan<br />
TanamSromlobs _ judit<br />
eliotis mizani inglisuri enis<br />
maswavleblebis 2010 wels<br />
dagegmili sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdisTvis momzadebaa.
22<br />
levaa. minda, yvela regionSi erTi<br />
`lideri~ treneri davtovo, romelic<br />
maswavleblebis treningebs<br />
da saTanado resursebiT momaragebas<br />
ganagrZobs, maT TviTorganizebasa<br />
da profesiul zrdaSi<br />
daexmareba.<br />
sagamocdo tests kargad icnobT.<br />
romelia yvelaze rTulad<br />
dasaZlevi davaleba qar-<br />
Tveli maswavleblebisTvis<br />
inglisurenovan qveynebSi Zalian<br />
mniSvnelovania wera. argumentirebuli<br />
eses weras aSS-Si adreuli<br />
asakidan, 11-12 wlidan vaswavliT.<br />
aq mTavari struqturaa. qarTveli<br />
maswavleblebisTvis aseTi eses<br />
wera ar uswavlebiaT. sxvaTaSoris,<br />
amave problemas wavawydi ruseT-<br />
Sic. es aris Cemi mTavari gamowveva<br />
_ adamians sxvanairad weras<br />
ver aswavli erT dReSi, erTi treningze.<br />
sacdelma testebma<br />
aCvena, rom maswavleblebs werisa<br />
da smeniTi aRqmis unarebis ganviTarebis<br />
TvalsazrisiT yvelaze<br />
metad sWirdebaT daxmareba.<br />
inglisuri enis Seswavlis<br />
msurvelebis raodenoba saqarTveloSi<br />
sakmaod didia.<br />
mSoblebis didi nawili ki<br />
upiratesobas kerZo gakve-<br />
Tilebs aniWebs. aqvT Tu ara<br />
inglisuri enis maswavleblebs<br />
sakmarisi mxardaWera<br />
skolebis administraciebis<br />
mxridan<br />
skolebSi ar vyofilvar, Tumca<br />
maswavleblebs Sevxvdi da kiTxvarebis<br />
Sevsebac vTxove. bevrma<br />
mipasuxa, rom skolaSi ar aqvT<br />
audio-magnitofonebi, rac seriozuli<br />
problemaa.<br />
Tumca arc ise rTulad<br />
gadasaWreli problema...<br />
gorSi Sevxvdi maswavleblebs, romlebsac<br />
smeniTi unarebi Zalian kargad<br />
hqondaT ganviTarebuli. rodesac<br />
vkiTxe, rogor moaxerxes<br />
maT Sedegis miRweva, mipasuxes, audio-magnitofonis<br />
gamoyenebiTo.<br />
moswavleebisgan akrifes 50-50<br />
TeTri, Tavadac daumates Tanxa<br />
da ase SeiZines. audio-teqnikis<br />
gamoyeneba Tavad pedagogebisTvisac<br />
Zalian mniSvnelovania. dgas<br />
kidev erTi problema: Tanamedrove<br />
saxelmZRvaneloebi iyideba, magram<br />
Tan ar axlavs CD, romelic, rogorc<br />
wesi, wigns mohyveba. magnitofonisa<br />
da audio-savarjiSoebis<br />
gamoyenebis gareSe rTulia smeniTi<br />
aRqmisa da metyvelebis unaris<br />
ganviTareba. im Sedegis gamosworeba<br />
ki, rac maT gamouyeneblobas<br />
mohyveba, did dros moiTxovs.<br />
regionebSi mogzaurobisas SevniSne:<br />
iq, sadac erTi an ori wlis<br />
manZilze mSvidobis korpusis<br />
inglisurenovan TanamSromleb-<br />
Tan hqondaT kontaqti, enis codnis<br />
done gacilebiT maRalia.<br />
mSvidobis korpusis moxaliseebi,<br />
rogorc wesi, regionebSi muSaoben.<br />
enobriv garemosTan Sexeba<br />
adamianebis enTuziazms zrdis,<br />
metyvelebis unars aviTarebs.<br />
sxva qveynebSi muSaobis<br />
gamocdilebac gaqvT.<br />
SegiZliaT SeadaroT<br />
saqarTvelos da Tundac<br />
serbeTis specifika<br />
yvela qveyanas ganviTarebis sakuTari<br />
gza da gansxvavebuli etapebi<br />
aqvs. saqarTveloSi Camosvlamde<br />
vladivostokSi vmuSaobdi<br />
sami weli, iqamde ki _ tajikeTsa<br />
da serbeTSi. am evropul qveyana-<br />
Si uamravi inglisurenovani skolaa<br />
da yvelas unda inglisuris<br />
swavla. ganaTlebis seqtorSi evropuli<br />
standartis dasakmayofileblad<br />
aq didi xnis win daiwyes<br />
muSaoba. saxelmwifo sertificireba<br />
saqarTveloSi swored amitom<br />
aris mniSvnelovani _ am gziT<br />
qveyana evropis standartebs unda<br />
dauaxlovdes. axla saqarTvelo im<br />
etapzea, romelic serbeTSi ukve<br />
gaiares. sertificireba xarisxis<br />
gaumjobesebis winapirobaa.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, unda aisaxos<br />
Tu ara sertificireba<br />
maswavleblebis xelfasze<br />
vfiqrob, rom maswavleblebs unda<br />
hqondeT motivacia _ ar vici, ram<br />
SeiZleba Seqmnas aseTi stimuli,<br />
es saministros gadasawyvetia. Tu<br />
gvinda, rom isini evropul standarts<br />
akmayofilebdnen, saWiroa<br />
stimulirebis programis amoqmedeba.<br />
Tqveni SefasebiT, rogoria<br />
prognozi: maswavleblebis<br />
ra nawili SeZlebs<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdis<br />
warmatebiT Cabarebas<br />
prognozireba rTulia, radgan es<br />
damokidebuli iqneba gamsvlel<br />
qulaze, romelic me jer ar vici.<br />
pasuxismgebelma pirebma unda gadawyviton,<br />
ra iqneba gamsvleli<br />
qula _ 100-dan 75, 65 Tu 50.<br />
gaiCineT megoberebi<br />
mogzaurobisas<br />
saqarTveloSi pirvelad 1992<br />
wels Camovedi, rogorc moxalise<br />
arqeologi da amis Semdeg aTi<br />
wlis manZilze yovel zafxuls<br />
aq vatarebdi. aqamde saqarTvelo<br />
weliwadis sxva dros ar menaxa.<br />
axla SemiZlia vTqva, rom<br />
aRfrTovanebuli var am qveynis<br />
silamaziT da mravalferovnebiT.<br />
seqtemberSi aucileblad Caval<br />
svaneTSi kidev erTxel. iq maswavleblebs<br />
davalebebi miveci:<br />
inglisur enaze dRiuri unda<br />
awarmoon. davpirdi, rom Tu<br />
davalebas Seasruleben, seqtemberSi<br />
saCuqrad inglisurqarTul<br />
leqsikons Cavutan.
konkursi<br />
N3, 2009 23<br />
gamarjvebulebi<br />
Jurnali `maswavlebeli~ werilebis konkursSi<br />
gamarjvebul maswavleblebs ajildoebs<br />
Jurnal `maswavleblis~ konkursSi gamarjvebulebs<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris direqtorma<br />
sofo gorgoZem bakur sulakauris gamomcemlobisa da<br />
sazogadebrivi mauwyeblis mier dawesebuli saCuqrebi 12 ivniss<br />
gadasca. Tbilisis 74-e sajaro skolis maswavlebels,<br />
Tea daTunaSvilsa da sofel kormaRalis sajaro skolis<br />
maswavlebels, nunu sarjvelaZes maswavlebelTa profesiuli<br />
ganviTarebis centris gamocemebic gadaecaT. konkursi<br />
`maswavleblis~ 2009 wlis pirvel nomerSi gamocxadda da mas<br />
Semdeg redaqciam uamravi werili miiRo. madlobas vuxdiT yvela<br />
maswavlebels, vinc sakuTari gamocdileba gagviziara. TqvenTan<br />
TanamSromlobis imedi momavalSic gvaqvs.<br />
`maswavlebeli~ Tqveni Jurnalia!<br />
Tea daTunaSvili<br />
Tbilisis 74-e sajaro skolis<br />
inglisuri enis maswavlebeli:<br />
konkursisTvis warvadgine<br />
namuSevari `Cems klasSi<br />
rTuli bavSvia~. mec myavda<br />
aseTi moswavle. SemiZlia<br />
dabejiTebiT vTqva, rom<br />
intensiuri muSaobis Sedegad<br />
bavSvi sociumSi davabrune da<br />
amiT Zalian<br />
,,<br />
vamayob~.<br />
Cems klasSi rTuli bavSvia<br />
`saswavlo wlis dasawyisSi direqciam<br />
gamomicxada, rom me-5 klasis<br />
damrigeblad apirebdnen Cems daniSvnas.<br />
damwyebi pedagogi var, magram<br />
mainc sixaruliT davTanxmdi.<br />
swavlis dawyebidan erTi kvirac<br />
ar iyo gasuli, rom klasSi Tavi<br />
iCina axal-axalma konfliqtebma.<br />
erTi moswavle mudmivad ekamaTeboda<br />
megobrebsa da maswavleblebs.<br />
biWunas ded-mama erTmaneTs<br />
dascilda da is agresiiT gamoxatavda<br />
arsebuli realobisadmi<br />
sakuTar protests.<br />
vgrZnobdi, rom biWuna damoukideblad<br />
ver SeZlebda sazogado-
24<br />
ebaSi adgilis damkvidrebas _ rac<br />
SeiZleba, swrafad unda meRona<br />
rame.<br />
Cemi sadamrigeblo programis farglebSi,<br />
speqtaklebis dadgma davgegme.<br />
biWunas roli SevTavaze da<br />
man uaryofiTi personaJi airCia.<br />
yoveli speqtaklis Semdeg mSoblebTan<br />
erTad vmsjelobdiT personaJebze.<br />
vadgendiT uaryofiTi<br />
gmiris dadebiT gmirad gardaqmnis<br />
saSualebebs, xmas vaZlevdiT<br />
speqtaklis personaJebs _ moswavleTa<br />
absolutur umravlesobas<br />
dadebiTi gmirebi moswonda.<br />
pirvel speqtaklSi biWunam mglis<br />
roli Seasrula: mas cxra patara<br />
Tikani unda moetaca. speqtaklis<br />
Semdeg gamimxila, rom Tavisi<br />
personaJi Zalian moswonda da<br />
kvlav uaryofiTi personaJis<br />
gansaxiereba surda. erT TveSi<br />
cvlilebebi SevniSne: mas aRar<br />
moswonda uaryofiTi gmirebi.<br />
cdilobda, klaselebTan naklebad<br />
agresiuli yofiliyo, aRar<br />
Cxubobda, TiTqmis yvelas<br />
daumegobrda, kiTxvebs mSvidi<br />
intonaciiT pasuxobda da<br />
saSinao davalebebsac ukeT<br />
asrulebda~.<br />
rogor gavxadoT<br />
gakveTili saintereso<br />
(amonaridi)<br />
`radgan mravalferovneba saswavlo<br />
garemos `amdidrebs~, moswavlis<br />
miRwevas, rogori mciredic<br />
ar unda iyos is, mainc vafaseb.<br />
ardadegebis Semdeg maT sxvadasxva<br />
davalebas vaZlev, axali saswavlo<br />
wlis dawyebisas ki gakve-<br />
Tili im interviuebiT iwyeba, romlebic<br />
klasis gazeTisTvis<br />
gvWirdeba. moswavleebis muSaobis<br />
amsaxvel momentebs fotoaparatiT<br />
vafiqsireb. klasgareSe RonisZieba<br />
xels uwyobs klasis Sekrulobas,<br />
amitomac xSirad vgegmav<br />
mas. aseve dadebiTad moqmedebs<br />
moswavleebze SromiT saqmianobaze<br />
aqcentis gadatana, mSoblebTan<br />
kontaqti, romlebic saskolo<br />
da arasaskolo RonisZiebebis<br />
CatarebaSi mexmarebian.<br />
moswavleebs vaZlev sxvadasxvagvar<br />
davalebebs, vTxov xedebis an<br />
sayvareli adgilebis warmosaxviT<br />
aRweras. am dros mTavari improvizaciaa.<br />
isini xataven geografiul<br />
rukas, qmnian warmosaxviT<br />
kunZuls, qveyanas, pirobiT<br />
nunu sarjvelaZe<br />
sofel kormaRalis sajaro<br />
skolis dawyebiTi klasebis<br />
maswavlebeli<br />
,,<br />
16 welia, skolaSi<br />
vmuSaob. wardgenili<br />
namuSevriT mravalwliani<br />
gamocdileba gavuziare<br />
kolegebs. aRvwere is, rasac<br />
Cems praqtikaSi aqtiurad<br />
viyeneb~.<br />
niSnebs. jgufTan erTad mini-koncertebsac<br />
vgegmav. saklaso oTax-<br />
Si vqmni azrovnebis kults, viyeneb<br />
Sesabamis terminologias,<br />
cnebebs (hipoTeza, mtkicebuleba,<br />
argumenti da a.S) _ es patarebs<br />
moazrovneebis imijs uyalibebs.<br />
Temis an sulac gakveTilis bolos<br />
erToblivad vakeTebT plakats an<br />
TvalsaCinoebas. viyeneb teqnikur<br />
saSualebebs, yvela saswavlo resurss.<br />
sistematurad vmuSaob<br />
sakuTar Tavze.<br />
gakveTilis bolos moswavleebi<br />
furclebze komentarebs weren:<br />
rogori iyo es gakveTili, ras<br />
urCevdnen maswavlebels... es yvelaferi<br />
gakveTilis dagegmvisas<br />
maTi interesebis gaTvaliswinebaSi<br />
mexmareba. cota xnis win er-<br />
Tad gavakeTeT plakati „matarebliT<br />
kiTxvareTSi~, sadac<br />
sadgurebze gzadagza gvxvdeba<br />
kiTxvebi, gzis gagrZelebis<br />
saSualeba ki mxolod pasuxis<br />
gacemisas gveZleva da ase<br />
mivdivarT finiSamde. aq yvelas<br />
Tanabari uflebebi gvaqvs~.
RKFCB<br />
N2, 2009 25<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
I aqtivoba (5 wT.)<br />
gonebrivi ieriSi _ rogor fiqrobT,<br />
SemoTavazebuli masalidan<br />
gamomdinare, romeli eqsperimenti<br />
unda CavataroT (kvlevisaTgakveTilis<br />
Tema:<br />
qimiuri elementebi - epoqa da lavuazie<br />
maswavleblebi: nino kupraSvili, maia TodaZe, irina koWlamazaSvili<br />
Tbilisis qarTuli saswavlo centri, GLC<br />
integrirebuli sagnebi: qimia, istoria, ist<br />
swavlebis safexuri da klasi: sabazo-saSualo, X klasi<br />
gakveTilis saswavlo miznebi:<br />
sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebis<br />
popularizacia da moswavleebSi<br />
interesis gaRviveba, motivaciis<br />
amaRleba;<br />
mosmenis, msjelobis da diskusiis,<br />
sakomunikacio unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />
logikuri da kritikuli azrovnebis,<br />
sakuTari azris gamoTqmis<br />
unar-Cvevebis ganviTareba;<br />
istoriuli epoqis gancdisa da<br />
interpretaciis unari;<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT<br />
gansazRvruli misaRwevi Sedegi:<br />
sakuTar da literaturaSi arsebul<br />
monacemebs, akeTebs<br />
daskvnebs;<br />
X.13.moswavle aRwers kavSirs niv-<br />
TierebaTa agebulebasa da<br />
Tvisebebs Soris _ cdis (#2)<br />
Catarebis safuZvelze gansaz-<br />
Rvravs nivTierebaTa qimiur<br />
Tvisebebs da maT cvlilebebs;<br />
X.1 aanalizebs da afasebs erTi da<br />
imave istoriuli movlenis gansxvavebul<br />
interpretaciebs<br />
_ msjelobs im faqtebze, romlebmac<br />
ganapiroba konkretuli<br />
movlenis gansxvavebuli<br />
interpretaciebis arseboba;<br />
ayalibebs sakuTar Sexedulebas<br />
pirovnebis Sesaxeb;<br />
ganicdis istoriul epoqas;<br />
sworad iyenebs ist-is saSualebebTan<br />
urTierTqmedebis, Setanagamotanis<br />
mowyobilobebs, am sa-<br />
Sualebebis warmatebiT funqcionerebisTvis;<br />
afasebs da efeqturad<br />
iyenebs ist-is sferoSi arsebul<br />
siaxleebs (axali programuli<br />
uzrunvelyofa) da resursebs<br />
mis winaSe dasmuli amocanis Sesabamisad.<br />
Tanmimdevroba<br />
(aqtivoba da dro)<br />
X.2. moswavle obieqtis an movlenis<br />
Sesaswavlad moipovebs<br />
monacemebs cdis saSualebiT;<br />
X.3. moswavle obieqtis an movlenis<br />
Sesaswavlad moipovebs monacemebs<br />
uSualo dakvirvebiT<br />
da sainformacio wyaroebidan;<br />
X.5. moswavle iviTarebs Sefasebis,<br />
analizis da problemebis<br />
gadaWris unars _ adarebs
26<br />
RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
vis aucilebeli masala da aRWurviloba<br />
momzadebulia)<br />
II aqtivoba (5 wT.)<br />
maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: rogor<br />
iwyeba xis burbuSelis wva<br />
ra kondensirdeba civ sagnebze ra<br />
rCeba wvis Sedegad sad midis gamoyofili<br />
kvamli moswavle dafaze<br />
gamosaxavs kiTxvebze pasuxs,<br />
miiRebs Zveli berZeni filosofosis<br />
mier aRweril oTx stiqias,<br />
elements: haeri, cecxli, wyali da<br />
miwa. daasabuTebs, Tu ratom aris<br />
literaturaSi empedokles cda<br />
(wva) aRwerili rogorc pirveli<br />
qimiuri analizi.<br />
III aqtivoba (7 wT.)<br />
kompiuteruli saswavlo programis<br />
`TvalsaCinoebis principis realizeba<br />
qimiis saswavlo proces-<br />
Si~ gamoyenebiT, Seadareben kvlevis<br />
Zvel Sedegebs da imsjeleben Tanamedrove<br />
kvlevebsa da Sedegebze;<br />
gaixseneben elementebis klasifikaciis<br />
sqemebs.<br />
IV aqtivoba(2 wT.)<br />
saSinao davalebis Cabareba: maswavlebeli<br />
sTxovs moswavleebs, gadascen<br />
baraTebi, sadac maTi interesebidan<br />
gamomdinare aRniSnulia<br />
literaturaSi maT mier mopovebuli<br />
axali qimiuri elementebis<br />
112-116, 118 savaraudo saxelwodebebi:<br />
ununbiumi _ 112,<br />
ununoqtiumi _ 118.<br />
V aqtivoba (10 wT.)<br />
mini leqcia _ `stiqiidan elementebamde;<br />
a. lavuazies axali qimiuri<br />
nomeklatura~. rogor fiqrobT,<br />
berZnuli anbanis romeli asoebiT<br />
Sedga sityva `elementi~ romeli<br />
elementebia: `cecxlovani haeri~,<br />
`mxuTavi haeri~, `wvadi haeri~,<br />
`wvadi miwa~ `eTanxmebiT Tu ara<br />
mosazrebas, rom samyaros sawyisi<br />
oTxi stiqiaa: miwa, wyali, haeri,<br />
cecxli; romelma mecnierma SeZlo<br />
daemtkicebina, rom elementi da<br />
qimiuri naerTi sxvadasxva cnebebia<br />
man Tavisi kvlevebiTa da eqsperimentebiT<br />
moaxdina `revolucia<br />
qimiaSi~ _ romelma mecnierma<br />
miiRo aseTi Sefaseba da ratom<br />
pararelurad dafaze iqmneba da<br />
nabij-nabij ivseba sqema a. lavuazies<br />
damsaxurebis Sesaxeb.<br />
VI aqtivoba (13 wT.)<br />
istoriis maswavlebeli mouTxrobs<br />
moswavleebs im epoqis Taviseburebebis<br />
Sesaxeb, romelSic cxovrobda<br />
lavuazie. man gaacno moswavleebs<br />
ist-is gamoyenebiT a. lavuazies<br />
biografia. aRniSna, rom<br />
igi iyo deputati, generaluri gadasaxadebis<br />
saaqcionero sazogadoebis<br />
wevri, konstituciuri monarqiis<br />
momxre. giliotinaze gayvanamde<br />
misi bolo sityva: `respublikas<br />
ar sWirdeba qimikosebi!~<br />
da a. lavuaziesaTvis wayenebuli<br />
braldebebi.<br />
sadiskusio kiTxvebi: unda gamxdariyo<br />
Tu ara a. lavuazie saqmiani<br />
adamiani Tqven rogor moiqceodiT<br />
ratom iyo a. lavuazie konstituciuri<br />
monarqiis momxre ramdenad<br />
marTebulad migaCniaT respublikuri<br />
mTavrobis mier lavuazies<br />
sikvdiliT dasja rogor axsniT<br />
lavuazies bolo sityvebs, `respublikas<br />
ar sWirdeba qimikosebi!~<br />
VII aqtivoba (3 wT.) _ `gamosamSvidobebeli<br />
cda~ (#2)<br />
qimiis kursis daskvniT gakveTilze<br />
moswavle romelic msvlelobisas<br />
nakleb aqtiuri iyo atarebs cdas<br />
(#2), KClO 3<br />
+P, romelic susti, magram<br />
moulodneli afeTqebiT mimdinareobs.<br />
cdis mizania wvis procesis<br />
demonstrireba, romlis Sedegadac<br />
moswavleebi miiReben informacias<br />
Jangbadis rolze wvis procesSi.<br />
Sefaseba (3 wT.)<br />
10 quliT Sefasda 5 moswavle: isini<br />
Catarebuli cdebis safuZvelze<br />
sworad xsnidnen da qimiuri<br />
formulebis saSualebiT gamosaxavdnen<br />
realur Sedegebs. amJRavnebdnen<br />
faqtebSi sworad garkvevisa<br />
da paralelebis gavlebis unars.<br />
8-9 quliT Sefasda 3 moswavle:<br />
isini msjeloben cdis Sedegebze,<br />
gamosaxaven qimiuri formuliT,<br />
magram hqondaT xarvezebi. 5 quliT<br />
Sefasda 2 moswavle: maT uWirT<br />
yuradRebis mobilizeba.<br />
saganmanaTleblo resursebi,<br />
teqnika da instrumentebi _ gakveTilze<br />
gamoyenebuli iyo 10 kompiuteri,<br />
dafa, feradi markerebi,<br />
Stativi, sinjara, faifuris jami,<br />
spirtqura da reaqtivebi.<br />
informaciis wyaroebi:<br />
dilis saymawvilo enciklopedia.<br />
wigni XIV, qimia m. gverdwiTeli,<br />
2006 w.<br />
Îñíîâíûå çàêîíû õèìèè. Ð. Äèêåðñîí,<br />
1982 ã.<br />
istoria X klasi. z. kiknaZe da sxv.<br />
2006 w.<br />
istoria X klasi. n. asaTiani da<br />
sxv. 2007 w.<br />
eleqtronuli (kompiuteruli)<br />
programebi da resursebi:<br />
1. `TvalsaCinoebis principebis<br />
realizeba qimiis saswavlo procesSi~<br />
(programis demo versia)<br />
2. www.wikipedia.org<br />
3. www.alhimik.ru
N2, 2009 27<br />
sasertifikacio gamocda<br />
ucxouri enis maswavleblebisTvis<br />
(davalebebis nimuSebi)<br />
gamocdebis erovnuli centris ucxo enebis jgufis xelmZRvanelis,<br />
iva mindaZis ganmartebebi ixileT gv. 6<br />
meTodikis nawili<br />
davaleba: miusadageT moswavleTa aqtivobebi (1-3) davalebis Sesabamis miznebs (A-E). yovel aqtivobas<br />
mxolod erTi mizani Seesabameba. ori mizani zedmetia.<br />
moswavleTa aqtivoba<br />
davalebis mizani<br />
1. moswavleebi msjeloben ucxour enaze maswavleblis<br />
mier mocemuli Temis irgvliv.<br />
2. moswavleebi weren Txzulebas, romelSic iyeneben<br />
maswavleblis mier winaswar mocemul<br />
oTx sityvas.<br />
3. maswavlebeli aZlevs moswavleebs sityvebis<br />
ganmartebebs (mxolod ganmartebebs, sityvebis<br />
gareSe). moswavleebi teqstSi pouloben<br />
sityvebs da usadageben maT Sesabamis ganmartebas.<br />
A. konteqstze dayrdnobiT sityvebis mniSvnelobis<br />
dadgena<br />
B. ucnobi leqsikis sworad gamoyeneba<br />
C. gacnobiTi kiTxvis unaris ganviTareba<br />
D. moswavleTa zepiri (Tavisufali) metyvelebis<br />
unaris ganviTareba<br />
E. enobrivi struqturebis swavleba<br />
@<br />
pasuxebi CawereT qvemoT mocemul cxrilSi:<br />
@<br />
swori pasuxebi:<br />
1 2 3<br />
1 2 3<br />
D B A<br />
Secdomebis gasworeba<br />
davalebis piroba<br />
mocemul teqstSi daSvebulia Secdomebi. yurad-<br />
RebiT waikiTxeT TiToeuli striqoni da masSi<br />
Secdomis povnis SemTxvevaSi, gasworebuli varianti<br />
dawereT amave striqonis bolos, sagangebod<br />
gamoyofil adgilas. iqve miuTiTeT Secdomis<br />
tipi. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu striqonSi Secdoma<br />
ar aris, striqonis bolos dasviT niSani þ.<br />
davalebis aRwera<br />
davalebaSi mocemulia saSualo sirTulis teqsti<br />
an werili, romelic 14 striqonzea moTavsebuli.<br />
pirvel or striqonSi mocemulia magaliTebi. dar-<br />
Cenili 12 striqonidan zog striqonSi Secdomaa<br />
daSvebuli, zogSic _ ara. TiToeul striqonSi erT<br />
Secdomaze meti ar aris daSvebuli.<br />
davalebis moTxovnaa: 1. ipovoT Secdoma da gasworebuli<br />
varianti daweroT striqonis bolos gamoyofil<br />
adgilas; 2. miuTiToT, Tu rogori tipis<br />
Secdomaa daSvebuli; 3. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Secdomas<br />
ver aRmoaCenT, amave striqonis bolos dasvaT niSani<br />
þ. gaxsovdeT, rom qulas iRebT ara mxolod `aRmoCenil~<br />
SecdomaSi da Secdomis tipis dadgenaSi,<br />
aramed `aRmoCenil~ uSecdomo striqonSic. yurad-<br />
Reba miaqcieT imas, rom teqstSi daSvebulia mxolod<br />
gramatikuli (ara leqsikuri an orTogafiuli) Secdomebi.
28<br />
RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
Secdomis tipis aRniSvnisas unda isargebloT specialuri<br />
pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebiT (SemoklebebiT).<br />
sxva aRmniSvnelebis gamoyeneba Secdomad iTvleba.<br />
pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebis dazepireba ar aris saWiro,<br />
radganac isini am tipis davalebas Tan axlavs.<br />
davaleba amowmebs maswavleblis unars aRmoaCinos<br />
da gaasworos moswavlis mier daSvebuli Secdoma<br />
da misces Secdomas swori interpretacia.<br />
qvemoT mocemulia am davalebis nimuSi (inglisuri<br />
ena).<br />
In the letter below some lines are correct, but some have a mistake in them. Read each line (15-29) carefully and if you find<br />
a mistake in it, write the correct form at the end of the same line and, next to it indicate the type of the mistake. If the line<br />
has no mistake, write (Ö) at the end of the line.<br />
Write the answers in the answer sheet. Two examples are given.<br />
correction / type of mistake<br />
Dear aunt Rosemary,<br />
Just a quick note to tell you what we have done so far these month. As you know<br />
David is going to buy a car next month and father has decided destroy our old garage<br />
and build a new larger one on its place. We are hiring two workers. They started<br />
to work about a week ago and by yesterday walls of the old garage had already been<br />
knocked down. This must have been done three days since ago but the weather has<br />
been so bad that the workers were not able to finish the work on time. And then,<br />
one of the workers got ill and had to recover. Father has new ideas as always. He is<br />
going to put in a new window in the garage of some fresh air he says. He was also<br />
going to build some shelves inside. He says the garage is going to have a big space<br />
and why not to use it for storing different things. We thinks that this is not a bad idea<br />
actually and David thinks the same. There are cases when we disagree about something<br />
and argue a lot. I am glad this is not the case. Hope to see you soon.<br />
With love, Jannette<br />
0 this<br />
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_Agr.__<br />
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davalebis Sesrulebamde kargad gaecaniT Secdomis tipebis pirobiTi aRmniSvnelebis CamonaTvals standartuli<br />
ganmartebebiTa da magaliTebiT. gaecaniT aseve CamonaTvalis Semdeg mocemul am tipis davalebis<br />
teqnikurad sworad gasworebul nimuSs.<br />
Use the following abbreviations for indicating the type of a mistake<br />
Secdomis<br />
tipis<br />
pirobiTi<br />
aRmniSvnelebi<br />
ganmartebebi da magaliTebi<br />
Ord.<br />
W. miss<br />
Ex. w<br />
Tense<br />
Mood<br />
Voice<br />
Wrong sentence order: winadadebas aqvs araswori wyoba. I met him yesterday -is nacvlad mocemulia: Him I met yesterday.<br />
Word missing: sityvaa gamotovebuli. He decided to read the letter-is nacvlad mocemulia: He decided read the<br />
letter. an: This is an interesting story-is nacvlad mocemulia: This is interesting story.<br />
Exrta word: sitvaa zedmeti. If you are interested in this-is nacvlad mocemulia: If you are be interested in this....<br />
Wrong tense: arasworia gramatikuli dro. I have seen her twice this week-is nacvlad mocemulia: I saw her twice this week.<br />
Wrong mood: arasworia kilo. If he did this job he would be paid well-is nacvlad mocemulia: If he does this job, he<br />
would be paid well. an: I have seen her twice this week-is nacvlad mocemulia: I saw her twice this week.<br />
Wrong voice: arasworia gvari. The building was repaired last year-is nacvlad mocemulia: The building repaired last<br />
year.
N2, 2009 29<br />
Agr.<br />
Prep.<br />
Art.<br />
Adj.<br />
Degr.<br />
Pron.<br />
Mod.<br />
VF<br />
Wrong noun-verb agreement. OR: any other kind of agreement in person and number: arasworia SeTanxmeba<br />
saxelsa da zmnas Soris. Tennis and swimming are his favourite sports-is nacvlad mocemulia: Tennis and swimming<br />
is his favourite sport. an: These are our children-is nacvlad mocemulia: This are our children.<br />
Wrong preposition: arasworia windebuli. I look forward to seeing you-is nacvlad mocemulia: I look forward for seeing you.<br />
Wrong article: Secdomaa artiklis gamoyenebaSi. This is the house we want to buy-is nacvlad mocemulia:<br />
This is a house we want to buy.<br />
An adjective used instead of an adverb or an adverb used instead of an adjective: zedsarTavi gamoyenebulia<br />
zmnizedis magivrad an zmnizeda gamoyenebulia zedsarTavis magivrad. He is smart enough-is nacvlad<br />
mocemulia: He is smartly enough. an: He speaks English fluently-is nacvlad mocemulia: He speaks English fluent.<br />
Wrong degree of an adjective or an adverb: gamoyenebulia zmnizedis anzedsarTavis araswori xarisxi.<br />
He is the most talanted actor I’ve ever seen-is nacvlad mocemulia: He is the more talanted actor I’ve ever seen. an: He speaks<br />
English better than his brother-is nacvvlad mocemulia: He speaks English good than his brother.<br />
Wrong pronoun: arasworia nacvalsaxeli. I met Tina and Nick and wished them a happy marriage-is nacvlad<br />
mocemulia: I met Tina and Nick and wished him a happy marriage.<br />
Wrong modal verb: arasworia modaluri zmna.Yesterday was Sunday, so it must be Monday today-is nacvlad<br />
mocemulia Yesterday was Sunday, so it may be Monday today..<br />
Wrong verb form (incorrect use of infinitive, gerund and participle): arasworia zmnis forma (Secdomaa<br />
infinitivis, gerundivis da mimReobis gamoyenebaSi). He enjoys watching soap operas-is nacvlad mocemulia:<br />
He enjoys to watch soap operas.<br />
zogierTi Secdomis tipis sworad miTiTebis mizniT,<br />
yuradReba miaqcieT Semdegs:<br />
1. aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac erT Secdomas orgvari<br />
interpretacia SeiZleba mieces. mag. winadadebaSi:<br />
This is new film ar aris artikli (a new…). es<br />
Secdoma SeiZleba daxasiaTdes, rogorc: W. miss (sityvaa<br />
gamotovebuli), an rogorc Art. (Secdomaa artiklis<br />
gamoyenebaSi). aseT SemTxvevebs, mieciT calsaxa<br />
interpretacia da miuTiToT mxolod W. miss.<br />
igive exeba iseT Secdomebs, rogorebicaa mag., I look<br />
forward seeing you. (to seeing-is magivrad). am SemTxvevaSic<br />
miuTiTeT Secdomis tipi W. miss, ara Prep.<br />
2. teqstSi zedmeti sityvis arsebobis yvela Sem-<br />
Txveva, imisda miuxedavad, Tu metyvelebis romeli<br />
nawilia es sityva (noun, verb, adj, etc.), kvalificirdeba,<br />
rogorc Ex. w (sityvaa zedmeti) tipis Secdoma. ase-<br />
Ti sityva gamogvaqvs da imis miTiTebis mizniT, rom<br />
igi teqstSi zedmetia, vxazavT jvaredinad. (mag.:<br />
himself).<br />
mniSvnelovania, rom davaleba teqnikurad sworad<br />
SeasruloT, anu daSvebuli Secdomis tipis is pirobiTi<br />
aRmniSvnelebi gamoiyenoT. qvemoT mocemulia<br />
analogiuri davalebis Sesrulebis mcire nimu-<br />
Si.<br />
correction / type of mistake<br />
Nick has lived in Spain since 2000. He has been married to Jane since four years.<br />
They first met in Madrid where they both were spending their summer holidays. It is<br />
love at first sight! They have lived in central Madrid for four years now. They feel<br />
happy there. Nick runs a small hotel business. They saved lot of money in last year,<br />
so they are planning to go on a trip to Paris. Both of them speak Spanish fluent, but<br />
they feel they have to learn French as well.<br />
___Ö___<br />
___for___<br />
___was___<br />
___Ö___<br />
___a___<br />
___in___<br />
_ fluently_<br />
_______<br />
__Prep.__<br />
__Tense__<br />
_______<br />
__W.miss__<br />
__Ex. w__<br />
__Adj.__
30<br />
RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
praqtikuli savarjiSoebi<br />
skolis moswavleebSi socialuri unar-Cvevebis gasaviTareblad<br />
(mogvawoda giorgi gaxelaZem, erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centris,<br />
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis eqspertma)<br />
savarjiSo `erToblivi naxati~ (10 wT)<br />
mizani: moswavleebi gaecnon ormxrivi sargeblianobis<br />
strategias; gansazRvron TanamSromlobis aucilebloba.<br />
Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli yofs jgufs<br />
`pirvel~ da `meore~ wyvilebad.<br />
igi cal-calke aZlevs maT instruqciebs ise, rom erTmaneTis<br />
davalebis Sesaxeb bavSvebma araferi ician.<br />
instruqcia `pirvel wyvils~: `Tqveni mizania katis<br />
daxatva~. instruqcia `meore wyvils~: `Tqveni mizania<br />
saxlis daxatva~.<br />
maswavlebeli svams pirvel da meore wyvils erTad.<br />
TiToeul jgufs aZlevs erT furcelsa da erT fanqars.<br />
afrTxilebs moswavleebs, rom swored am pirobebSi<br />
unda ganaxorcielon dasaxuli miznebi.<br />
rogorc ki TiToeuli wyvili mohkidebs xels saer-<br />
To fanqars, maswavlebeli acnobebs maT, rom savarjiSos<br />
dawyebis droa. igi iqve afrTxilebs moswavleebs,<br />
rom maT gankargulebaSi mxolod 5 wuTia. daniSnuli<br />
drois gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli sTxovs<br />
bavSvebs, namuSevrebi dafaze miamagron.<br />
Semdeg igi msurvelebs sTavazobs, upasuxon<br />
dasmul SekiTxvebs:<br />
moaxerxeT davalebis Sesruleba<br />
rTuli savarjiSo iyo<br />
Tqven romeli gza airCieT davalebis Sesasruleblad<br />
rogor fiqrobT, davalebis Sesasruleblad Tqveni<br />
arCeuli gza saukeTesoa<br />
sxva gza ar giZebniaT<br />
maswavlebeli msurvelTagan Tavad SearCevs mopasuxeebs<br />
da dafaze miuTiTebs sakvanZo sityvebs. is<br />
5 wuTis ganmavlobaSi miRebul pasuxebs ajamebs da<br />
xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom Zalian xSirad adamianebs<br />
uwevT sirTuleebis erTad daZleva da amisTvis<br />
mniSvnelovania urTierTdaxmareba _ TanamSromloba.<br />
savarjiSo `sazRvari~ (10 wT)<br />
mizani: moswavleebi gaecnon ormxrivi sargeblianobis<br />
strategias; gansazRvron TanamSromlobis<br />
aucilebloba; gamoiyenon komunikaciis efeqturi<br />
xerxebi.<br />
Catarebis procedura: savarjiSos dawyebamde maswavlebeli<br />
saklaso oTaxis Tavisufal areSi grZeli,<br />
msubuqi joxebiT iatakze qmnis gamyof `sazRvars~.<br />
Semdeg igi moswavleebs awyvilebs da sTxovs mewyvileebs,<br />
rom `sazRvris~ mopirdapire mxares dadgnen.<br />
maswavlebeli bavSvebs uxsnis wesebs: `TiToeuli<br />
Tqvenganis mizania, mewyvile Tqvens mxares gadaiyvanoT.<br />
saubari akrZalulia. savarjiSo iwyeba da sruldeba<br />
maSin, roca niSans mogcemT... yvela sxva saSualeba<br />
nebadarTulia. gaqvT mxolod 5 wuTi~. instruqciis<br />
micemis Semdeg maswavlebeli rwmundeba, rom<br />
moswavleebi sworad ganlagdnen da aZlevs maT dawyebis<br />
niSans.
N2, 2009 31<br />
numartavs maT, rom fizikuri Zalis gamoyeneba akr-<br />
Zalulia, xolo nebismieri sxva xerxi miznis misaRwevad<br />
nebadarTulia. amisaTvis maT eZlevaT mxolod 1 wuTi.<br />
daniSnuli drois gasvlis Semdeg maswavlebeli moswavleebTan<br />
erTad ganixilavs savarjiSos Sedegebs.<br />
jer sTxovs xelis awevas maT, vinc SeZlo mewyvilis<br />
muStis gaxsna.<br />
mere sTxovs xelis awevas maT, vinc ver SeZlo mewyvilis<br />
muStis gaxsna.<br />
daTqmuli drois gasvlisTanave is aZlevs Sewyvetis<br />
niSans da acnobebs moswavleebs, rom axla ganixilaven<br />
miRebul Sedegs.<br />
maswavlebeli svams qvemoT moyvanil SekiTxvebs<br />
da maTze pasuxis misaRebad SerCeviT asaxelebs<br />
sxvadasxva msurvels.<br />
vin miaRwia mizans<br />
Tqven ra xerxs mimarTeT miznis misaRwevad<br />
ras grZnobdiT savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros<br />
rogor fiqrobT, yovel Tqvengans SeeZlo miznis<br />
miRweva ratom<br />
maswavlebeli ajamebs savarjiSos Sedegebs da xazs<br />
usvams, rom erT problemas SeiZleba bevri mizezi<br />
hqondes da misi mogvarebisas mniSvnelovania arsebuli<br />
viTareba/garemoebebi, erTmaneTis interesebis<br />
gaTvaliswineba da TanamSromlobis survili.<br />
Semdeg igi svams SekiTxvas: maTgan, vinc SeZlo mewyvilis<br />
muStis gaxsna, vis SeuZlia gviCvenos, Tu rogor<br />
moaxerxa es<br />
erT-erTi wyvili warmoudgens klaselebs Tavis Sedegs.<br />
axla maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvas: rogor fiqrobT,<br />
ratom moxda, rom zogma moaxerxa savarjiSos Sesruleba,<br />
zogma ki _ vera<br />
Semdeg maswavlebeli svams SekiTxvebs, riTic moswavleebs<br />
ubiZgebs interesebsa da pozicias Soris<br />
gansxvaveba ufro mkafiod dainaxon. kerZod: ra iyo<br />
mTavari maTTvis, vinc ar gaxsna muSti (erTi pasuxi<br />
Tavad aseTi moswavlisgan, erTi misi mewyvilisgan<br />
_ miniSneba poziciaze); ra iyo mTavari maTTvis, vinc<br />
gaxsna muSti (erTi pasuxi Tavad aseTi moswavlisgan,<br />
erTi misi mewyvilisgan _ miniSneba interesze);<br />
savarjiSo `gaxseni muSti~ (10 wT)<br />
mizani: interesebsa da pozicias Soris gansxvavebis<br />
Cveneba; molaparakebebis warmoebis mravalferovnebis<br />
Cveneba; molaparakebis dros interesebze dayrdnobis<br />
upiratesobis gamovlena.<br />
masala: didi formatis qaRaldi, fanqrebi/markerebi,<br />
skoCi.<br />
Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli yofs moswavleebs<br />
wyvilebad.<br />
Semdeg TiToeuli mewyvile muSts kravs.<br />
maswavlebeli ganmartavs, rom TiToeuli moswavlis mizania,<br />
misi mewyvilis Sekruli muStis gaxsna. igi ga-
32<br />
RKFCB<br />
praqtikuli danarTi maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
savarjiSos bolos maswavlebeli klass usvams SekiTxvas:<br />
riT gansxvavdeba interesi poziciisgan<br />
maswavlebeli dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxebs CainiSnavs<br />
didi formatis qaRaldze an dafaze winaswar<br />
momzadebul cxrilSi:<br />
Sedegi mizezi _ maTTvis mTavari iyo<br />
Tu klasi Secdeba, maswavlebeli bavSvebs `daajarimebs~<br />
(mag: 1 wuTi adgilze xtunviT).<br />
maswavlebeli usvams SekiTxvebs moswavleebs:<br />
am savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros vin miaRwia mizans<br />
ris gamo<br />
am savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros vin moqmedebda<br />
poziciaze dayrdnobiT vin moqmedebda interesze<br />
dayrdnobiT<br />
vinc ar gaxsna muSti<br />
vinc gaxsna muSti<br />
roluri TamaSi `sad gavataroT<br />
SabaT-kvira~ da Sejameba (15 wT)<br />
savarjiSo `darwmunebis niWi~ (5 wT)<br />
mizani: moswavleebi iswavlian gansxvavebas poziciasa<br />
da interess Soris; maT ganuviTardebaT argumentirebuli<br />
msjelobis unari.<br />
masala: asanTis 2 kolofi, feradi qaRaldis patara<br />
furceli.<br />
Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli iZaxebs or<br />
moswavles da TiToeul maTgans aZlevs asanTis kolofs.<br />
mxolod erTSi devs patara feradi furceli.<br />
maswavlebeli afrTxilebs orive moswavles, rom Cumad<br />
gaxsnan sakuTari kolofebi, naxon da kvlav daxuron.<br />
igi uxsnis gamoZaxebul moswavleebs, rom TanmimdevrobiT,<br />
TiTo wuTis ganmavlobaSi maT Tavisi<br />
msjelobiT (da araviTar SemTxvevaSi, kolofis CvenebiT)<br />
unda daumtkicon danarCen Tanaklaselebs, rom<br />
swored maT kolofSi devs feradi furceli.<br />
msjelobis Sewyvetis Semdeg maswavlebeli mimar-<br />
Tavs klass, rom saerTo SeTanxmebiT daasaxelon<br />
moswavle, romlis kolofSic namdvilad devs feradi<br />
furceli. amisTvis igi aZlevs maT erT wuTs.<br />
mizani: moswavleebi praqtikulad gamoiyeneben Se-<br />
Zenil codnas; gamoimuSaveben molaparakebisTvis<br />
saWiro unar-Cvevebsa da metyvelebas, rac daexmareba<br />
maT yoveldRiuri konfliqtebis Tavidan acilebasa<br />
Tu marTvaSi.<br />
Catarebis procedura: maswavlebeli Seaxsenebs<br />
moswavleebs molaparakebis safuZvlebsa da etapebs.<br />
Semdeg igi sTavazobs maT, gaiTamaSon ojaxuri scena:<br />
saRamos ojaxis wevrebi msjeloben, rogor gaataron<br />
erTad dasvenebis dRe.<br />
maswavlebeli uxsnis moswavleebs, rom gaTamaSebis-<br />
Tvis saWiroa 5 moxalise da maT eqnebaT 10 wuTi.<br />
moxaliseebis mier gaTamaSebul scenas akvirdebian<br />
danarCeni moswavleebi da maswavleblis TxovniT,<br />
rveulebSi iniSnaven sakuTar pasuxebs Semdeg kiTxvebze:<br />
ra interesebi da poziciebi hqonda `ojaxis~ Ti-<br />
Toeul wevrs<br />
ra gza airCies maT SeTanxmebisTvis<br />
moaxerxes Tu ara maT SeTanxmebis miRweva<br />
ram Seuwyo (an SeuSala) xeli ojaxis wevrebis molaparakebas
problema<br />
N3, 2009 33<br />
danaSauli da sasjeli<br />
skolaSi<br />
`skola da sasjeli~ yovelTvis iseTi Tema iyo, romelic<br />
azrTa sxvadasxvaobas iwvevda. ratom an ra formiT unda<br />
daisajos moswavle saerTod, unda arsebobdes Tu ara<br />
skolaSi sasjeli _ am sakiTxebisadmi damokidebuleba<br />
msoflios yvela qveyanaSi gansxvavebulia.<br />
gasakviri ar aris, rom es problema kidev ufro<br />
aqtualuria saqarTveloSi, romelic arcTu didi xnis win<br />
daemSvidoba avtoritarul pedagogikas.<br />
,,<br />
Tamar kacitaZe,<br />
eka qevaniSvili<br />
skolis arasapatio mizeziT<br />
gacdena, dagvianeba, gakveTilis<br />
CaSla, gakveTilis TviTneburi<br />
mitoveba, maswavleblis, moswavlis<br />
an skolis sxva TanamSromlis<br />
sityvieri an fizikuri Seuracxyofa,<br />
plagiarizmi, vandalizmi<br />
_ skolis qonebis Segnebuli<br />
dazianeba Tu gafuWeba, skolis<br />
teritoriaze Zaladoba, qurdoba,<br />
iaraRis da asafeTqebeli niv-<br />
Tierebis qona, narkotikisa da<br />
alkoholis moxmareba, vaWroba,<br />
agreTve sisxlis samarTlis iseTi<br />
danaSaulebebi, rogoricaa: qurdoba,<br />
iaraRis da asafeTqebeli<br />
nivTierebis qona; narkotikisa da<br />
alkoholis moxmareba, vaWroba<br />
_ 2007 wels miRebuli `moswavle-<br />
Ta qcevis kodeqsis~ mixedviT, es<br />
is gadacdomebia, romlis gamoc,<br />
SesaZloa, moswavles disciplinuri<br />
saxdeli daekisros.<br />
Tamar taliaSvili, ilia WavWavaZis<br />
saxelmwifo universitetis ganaTlebis<br />
fakultetis dekani: `Tu skolaSi disciplina<br />
ar aris, saswavlo procesi<br />
CaiSleba. Cven demokratia<br />
da demokratiuli faseulobebi<br />
arasworad gvesmis. demokratia<br />
udidesi pasuxismgeblobaa, es ki<br />
ratomRac aravis axsovs. moswavle<br />
ise unda gaizardos, rom Tavidanve<br />
igrZnos pasuxismgebloba.<br />
mozardis cnobierebaSi faseulobebis<br />
Camoyalibeba unda moxdes.<br />
xSirad amboben, adre moswavle<br />
maswavlebels amdens ver gaubedavdao.<br />
droa gavacnobieroT,<br />
rom adre Tavad saxelmwifo iyo<br />
avtoritaruli da maSindeli<br />
axalgazrdebis moTxovnilebebi<br />
ar iyo iseTi mravalferovani,<br />
rogoric dRes aris. dRevandelma<br />
axalgazrdebma Tavisuflebis sio<br />
igrZnes, magram sworad ar esmiT,<br />
ras niSnavs igi. maswavleblis gineba<br />
ar aris Tavisufleba. Tu<br />
moswavle ase iqceva, es pedagogis,<br />
skolis direqciis ojaxis saer-<br />
To problemaa. saskolo reformis<br />
arsi moswavlis, maswavleblis<br />
da mSoblis urTierTTanamSromlobaa.<br />
pedagogi unda flobdes<br />
im meTodebs, romlebic moswavlis<br />
qmedebis prevencias isaxavs<br />
miznad. ukidures SemTxvevaSi,<br />
Tu bavSvi asocialuria,<br />
dasjis meqanizmic muSaobs.<br />
dasja ganixileba kompleqsurad<br />
_ dasja ara dasjisaTvis, aramed<br />
imisTvis, rom bavSvma gaacnobi-<br />
maswavlebelma<br />
mSoblebTan<br />
seriozulad unda<br />
imuSaos, radgan<br />
moswavlesTan<br />
urTierTobis<br />
daregulireba<br />
SeuZlebelia, Tu<br />
ojaxSic ar aris<br />
Sesabamisi<br />
RonisZiebebi<br />
gatarebuli.<br />
,,
34<br />
eros, Tu ratom daisaja. mas unda<br />
esmodes, rom sasjeli aris<br />
samarTliani da am samarTlianobis<br />
gasacnobiereblad unda imu-<br />
Saos yvelam erTad _ maswavlebelma,<br />
aRmzrdelma, mSobelma, fsiqologma<br />
da ase Semdeg. pedagogma<br />
unda icodes, rogor gamoiyenos<br />
sanqciebis kodeqsi. maswavlebeli<br />
Tu sanqcias angariSsworebis<br />
mizniT iyenebs, es damRupvelia~.<br />
disciplinuri sasjelis sakiTxs<br />
skolaSi moswavleTa qcevis kodeqsi,<br />
skolis eTikis kodeqsi da<br />
Sida ganawesi aregulirebs. Sesabamisad,<br />
im sasjelis zoma da<br />
formac, romelic SesaZloa moswavles<br />
daekisros, am dokumentebiTaa<br />
gawerili. yvela sxva saxis<br />
dasja dauSvebelia. amasTan,<br />
mSobeli da moswavlec konkretul<br />
skolaSi arsebuli disciplinuri<br />
sasjelis Sesaxeb informirebuli<br />
unda iyos.<br />
sazogadoebrivi jandacvis da<br />
medicinis ganviTarebis fondis<br />
warmomadgeneli, bavSvTa fsiqologi<br />
qeTevan TavarTqilaZe ixsenebs<br />
SemTxvevebs, rodesac maswavleblebi<br />
treningze sruli seriozulobiT<br />
svamdenen SekiTxvebs:<br />
„bavSvi Tu aSavebs, yuri ar<br />
unda avuwio ar unda wavuTaqo<br />
ar unda davsajo~ fsiqologis<br />
azriT, sasjeli unda arsebobdes,<br />
magram es ar unda iyos Zaladoba.<br />
aRzrdis principebi moicavs rogorc<br />
dasjas, ise Seqebas. unda<br />
vicodeT, ratom vsjiT bavSvs _<br />
mTavari is ki ar aris, ris gamo<br />
vsjiT, aramed ra miznisTvis<br />
keTdeba es.<br />
„dedaCemi SarSan rvajer daibares<br />
skolaSi. mgoni, samocjer var<br />
gakveTilidan gagdebuli, Selaparakebac<br />
xSirad momdis erT-erT<br />
maswavlebelTan, romelic egreve<br />
nervebze iSleba da yvirils<br />
iwyebs. mere mec ar vuTmob xolme,<br />
imitom, rom ojaxis lanZRvaze<br />
gadadis. arc davuTmob... ra<br />
wesia, mSoblebs ro exeba. kidev<br />
kargi, xeliT Sexebas ver bedavs~,<br />
_ ambobs 14 wlis vaxo k.<br />
`wina semestrSi ramdenime bavSvi<br />
cudad moiqca _ tualeti moarecxines<br />
da kedlebis gawmenda daavales.<br />
moswavleebs kuTxeSi xSirad<br />
ayeneben an gareT yrian. ufro<br />
xSirad biWebi iqcevian cudad.<br />
xandaxan maswavleblebi moswavleebs<br />
xeliTac exebian, Tmebis mowiwkvna<br />
da msgavsi rameebic xdeba.<br />
me mgonia, raRac zRvari unda arsebobdes<br />
moswavles da maswavlebels<br />
Soris. wynarad agvixsnan da<br />
yvela gaigebs. dartymebi da<br />
gareT gagdebebi ar unda iyos,~<br />
_ gviTxra 14 wlis gogonam.<br />
bavSvebis mosazrebas iziareben<br />
mSoblebic: `Cemi azriT, dasjis<br />
garkveuli formebi skolaSi unda<br />
arsebobdes _ es bavSvebis qcevaze<br />
gavlenas axdens. magaliTad, Cemi<br />
gogona ramdenjerme gamouSves<br />
skolidan imis gamo, rom forma ar<br />
ecva da saWiro wignebi ar hqonda.<br />
amis Semdeg igi yovelTvis mowesrigebuli<br />
dadis. Tumca, dasjis<br />
SemTxvevaSi, yovelTvis vigeb, ratom<br />
dasajes bavSvi da ramdenad<br />
samarTliani iyo sasjeli. ra<br />
Tqma unda, maswavleblis mxridan<br />
fizikur an sityvier Seuracxyofas<br />
verasodes Seveguebi. aseTi<br />
SemTxveva jerjerobiT arc gvqonia,<br />
Tumca, vici rom zogierTi<br />
maswavlebeli am meTods iyenebs~,<br />
_ ambobs maia boWoriSvili.<br />
qeTevan TavarTqilaZe, fsiqologi:<br />
„Cven vsjiT bavSvs, raTa vaswavloT,<br />
ra aris kargi da ra _ cudi,<br />
mxolod maSin, roca sxva resursiT<br />
amas ver mivaRwieT. magram<br />
dasja ar unda vnebdes bavSvis<br />
arc fizikur, arc fsiqikur<br />
janmrTelobas. es unda xdebodes<br />
misi damcirebis gareSe. mas<br />
unda vuTxraT, rom cudad moiqca<br />
da ara is, rom igi aseTi cudia.<br />
unda vuTxraT, rom sizarmace<br />
gamoiCina da ara is, rom zarmacia.<br />
Tu maT vsjiT imisTvis,<br />
rom vaCvenoT, Cven ra `magrebi~<br />
varT da maTze Zalaufleba movipovoT,<br />
es Zaladobaa da Sedegs<br />
verasodes moitans. SeaqeT moswavleebi,<br />
rodesac amas imsaxureben<br />
da nu dainaxavT mxolod<br />
cud mxareebs. araviTar SemTxvevaSi<br />
ar unda davsajoT bavSvi<br />
Sromis an swavlis dozebis momatebiT.<br />
mas SesZuldeba erTic da<br />
meorec. arsebobs ufro martivi<br />
gamosavali: ar SevusruloT romelime<br />
survili _ magaliTad,<br />
eqskursiaze wasvlaze vuTxraT<br />
uari. is Seecdeba, momavalSi<br />
ukeTesi gaxdes~.
N3, 2009 35<br />
mozrdilis rolSi. igi imyofeba<br />
mSoblis, anu mentoris rolSi _<br />
mimTiTeblis, damsjelis, erTpirovnuli<br />
Zalauflebis mqone personis<br />
rolSi. aseTi urTierToba<br />
produqtiuli arasdros iqneba.<br />
urTierToba maSin aris Sedegiani,<br />
dasja Zalian pirobiTi cnebaa.<br />
rodesac bavSvi cudad iqceva,<br />
maswavleblebma damatebiT Ronis-<br />
Ziebebs unda mimarTon mSobleb-<br />
Tan, mere ki orive mxarem erToblivad<br />
_ moswavleebTan, anu Cven<br />
unda `davisajoT~ da meti viSromoT<br />
bavSvebTan urTierTobaSi~.<br />
dasjasTan mimarTebaSi azrTa<br />
sxvadasxvaoba arsebobs, Tumca<br />
eqspertTa erTi nawilis mtkicebiT,<br />
bolo periodSi aSkarad<br />
ikveTeba, rom wamaxalisebeli<br />
meTodebiT moswavleTa qcevis<br />
marTva gacilebiT efeqtur<br />
Sedegs iZleva. skolebSi dasjis<br />
winaaRmdegia fsiqologi nana CaCua.<br />
`pirvel rigSi, unda ganvsazRvroT,<br />
ra moiazreba dasjaSi. dasjis<br />
mizani unda iyos is, rom bav-<br />
SvSi gaaCinos adekvaturi damokidebuleba<br />
movlenebis mimarT,<br />
anu gazardos pasuxismgebloba<br />
sociumTan mimarTebaSi. dasjis<br />
is meTodebi, romlebic adreul<br />
periodSi skolaSi gvxdeboda (maT<br />
zogjer dResac mimarTaven): fizikuri<br />
da sityvieri Seuracxyofa,<br />
niSnis dakleba, gakveTilidan ga-<br />
Zeveba, mSoblebTan dasmena, skolidan<br />
gagdeba da ase Semdeg, miuTiTebis<br />
imaze, rom maswavlebeli<br />
saWiro meqanizms ver poulobs. is<br />
ver axerxebs, bavSvi mozrdilis<br />
rolSi Seiyvanos da ver zrdis<br />
masSi pasuxismgeblobas, radgan<br />
Tavad maswavlebeli ar imyofeba<br />
pedagogma unda<br />
icodes, rogor<br />
gamoiyenos<br />
sanqciebis kodeqsi.<br />
Tu maswavlebeli<br />
sanqcias<br />
angariSsworebis<br />
mizniT iyenebs, es<br />
,,<br />
damRupvelia.<br />
,,<br />
Tu adamianebs Soris distancia<br />
ki ar izrdeba, aramed mcirdeba.<br />
rac ufro uaxlovdebian erTmaneTs<br />
maswavleblebi da moswavleebi<br />
fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiT,<br />
cxadia, urTierTobac gacilebiT<br />
produqtiulia.<br />
ra aris aseTi urTierTobebis<br />
meqanizmebi _ ramdenad vicnob<br />
me Cems Tavs, rogorc pedagogi<br />
da ramdenad vicnob bavSvs. Tu<br />
vicnob sakuTar Tavs da misi mar-<br />
Tva SemiZlia, Tu vici, ra interesebi,<br />
problemebi da moTxovnebi<br />
aqvs bavSvs, maSin Cven gaxsnili<br />
urTierToba gvaqvs da igi aucileblad<br />
produqtiuli iqneba.<br />
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, Sedegs<br />
ver mivaRwevT. pedagogoba, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, aris is, rom maswavlebels<br />
hqondes rogorc ma-<br />
Rali kvalifikacia im saganSi,<br />
romelsac aswavlis, aseve icodes<br />
fsiqologia. zemoT CamoTvlili<br />
dasjis arcerTi meTodi ar<br />
Seesabameba am moTxovnas da<br />
sruliad miuRebelia.<br />
disciplinuri sasjelis meTodebze<br />
saubrisas eqspertebi amboben,<br />
rom sasurvelia skolaSi<br />
waxalisebis mravalferovani<br />
meTodebis arseboba, ara mxolod<br />
moswavlis, aramed mTeli klasis<br />
dadebiTi qcevis waxalisebis<br />
mizniTac. aseTi meTodebis gamoyeneba<br />
xels uwyobs saklaso er-<br />
Tobis Seqmnas da gansakuTrebiT<br />
efeqturia dawyebiT da sabazo<br />
safexurze. skolaSi aseve unda<br />
arsebobdes dasjis SeTanxmebuli<br />
pirobebi da formebi. mTavaria,<br />
rom isini pedagogiuri TvalsazrisiT<br />
iyos gamarTlebuli da<br />
ar ewinaaRmdegebodes bavSvTa<br />
uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso<br />
konvencias da adamianis uflebebis<br />
damcvel sxva fundamentur<br />
dokumentebs.
36 novatorebi<br />
erTi gakveTili<br />
or enaze<br />
manana xidaSeli<br />
qvemo qarTlSi bilingvuri swavlebis danergva daiwyes.<br />
marneulis me-2 sajaro skolis moswavleebi mSobliurTan<br />
erTad saxelmwifo enasac iTviseben.<br />
lia TuSuri<br />
marneulis me-2 sajaro skolis<br />
pirvelklaselebs dRes fizkultura<br />
qarTulad utardebaT. gakveTils<br />
ormagi datvirTva aqvs:<br />
moswavleebma, sxeulis gavarji-<br />
SebasTan erTad, naTesaobiTi<br />
brunva unda gaiTavison. saamisod<br />
pedagogma elza sixaruli-<br />
Zem TamaSi `visi suli gsurs~ Sear-<br />
Cia. or gundad dayofili bav-<br />
Svebi erTmaneTis pirispir dganan.<br />
erT-erTi moTamaSe mowinaaRmdege<br />
gunds ekiTxeba: `visi<br />
suli gsurs~ `malxazis suli,<br />
ninos suli, nargilasi, afikis...~,<br />
_ pasuxoben iqidan. am TamaSs isini<br />
gasul kvirasac TamaSobdnen,<br />
oRond rusulad. 45 wuTis<br />
Semdeg bavSvebis umravlesoba<br />
naTesaobiTi brunvis formebs<br />
srulyofilad iyenebs.<br />
ukve mesame welia, am skolaSi orenovani,<br />
anu bilingvuri swavleba<br />
mimdinareobs. maTematika, buneba,<br />
fizkultura, Sroma da sim-<br />
Rera bavSvebs jer rusul, Semdeg<br />
ki qarTul enaze utardebaT.<br />
dawyebiT klasebSi bilingvuri<br />
swavlebis specialistma, pedagog-
N3, 2009 37<br />
ma maia biwuraZem maTematikis<br />
gakveTilze Jestebic moiSvelia.<br />
zepiri angariSis dros plius-minusis,<br />
tolobis da met-naklebobis<br />
niSnebs bavSvebi JestebiT<br />
warmoadgenen. maTi daxmarebiT<br />
wrewirs, wrfes, samkuTxeds,<br />
oTxkuTxeds da mruds mTeli<br />
klasi xSirad erTad asaxierebs.<br />
meore klaselebisTvis es<br />
fizikuri gantvirTvac aris.<br />
ufrosklasebSi ki qarTuli sim-<br />
Reris gakveTilebi sargeblobs<br />
didi popularobiT. moswavleebi<br />
aTobiT qarTul simReras asruleben,<br />
romlis Sinaarsic srulfasovnad<br />
esmiT. gansakuTrebuli<br />
siamovnebiT isini aWarul simRerebs<br />
mRerian. msubuqi aqcenti,<br />
romelic maT saubrisas emCnevaT,<br />
simReris dros aRar igrZnoba.<br />
qvemo qarTlSi bilingvur swavlebas<br />
safuZveli me-2 sajaro skolis<br />
direqtorma, lia TuSurma<br />
Cauyara.<br />
lia TuSuri, marneulis me-2 sajaro<br />
skolis direqtori: `2004 wels monawileoba<br />
miviRe ganaTlebis saministros<br />
konkursSi _ `momavali<br />
iwyeba dRes~. konkursis mizani<br />
erovnuli umciresobebiT kompaqturad<br />
dasaxlebul regionebSi<br />
saxelmwifo enis swavlebis xarisxis<br />
amaRleba iyo. maSin sadaxlos<br />
pirvel sajaro skolaSi<br />
gamgzavnes. im periodSi qarTul<br />
enas kviraSi sami saaTi eTmoboda.<br />
aRmoCnda, rom aseTi sixSiriT<br />
da arsebuli saxelmZRvaneloebiT<br />
swavlebas Sedegi ar hqonda.<br />
pirvelad iq movsinjeT da fizkulturis,<br />
xatvis, Sromis da xelgarjilobis<br />
gakveTilebs qarTulad<br />
vatarebdiT. am gakveTilebisTvis<br />
gamoyofili dro kvira-<br />
Si 9-10 saaTs aRwevda. mogvianebiT<br />
swavlebis es meTodi maTematikaSic<br />
davnergeT. mere es eqsperimenti<br />
adgilobrivi resurscentris<br />
xelmZRvanels gavacani.<br />
idea Zalian moewona da qalaq marneulis<br />
oc skolaSi bilingvuri<br />
swavleba SemoviReT. aseTi tipis<br />
swavlebisas erT sagans ori maswavlebeli<br />
sWirdeba. TiToeuli<br />
sagani kviraSi orjer mSobliur<br />
enaze tardeba, raTa axali masalis<br />
axsna bavSvebisTvis gasageb<br />
enaze moxdes. mere ki mSobliur<br />
enaze mosmenil masalas bavSvebi<br />
qarTulad imeoreben. ukve sami<br />
welia, am eqsperiments vakvirdebiT<br />
da aRmoCnda, rom bilingvur<br />
klasebSi konkretuli sagnis<br />
moswreba gacilebiT maRalia.<br />
bilingvuri meTodi axla biologiaSi,<br />
fizikasa da qimiaSi gvinda,<br />
movsinjoT. ukve sami Tvea, specialisti<br />
masawavleblebs treningebs<br />
utarebs. ramdenime Tvis<br />
win CavatareT kvleva, romel<br />
gakveTilze iswavles bavSvebma<br />
ufro meti axali sityva. aRmoCnda,<br />
rom yvelaze advilad sityvebs<br />
simReris dros imaxsovreben.<br />
bilingvuri swavlebis dros saxelmZRvanelos<br />
didi mniSvneloba<br />
aqvs. magaliTad, maTematikis<br />
wigns ise vadgenT, rom amocanaSi<br />
miTiTebuli sityvebi bavSvs qar-<br />
Tulad hqondes naswavli. azerbaijanulsa<br />
da qarTulSi 800-mde saer-<br />
To sityvaa, aqedan 400 intensiur<br />
xmarebaSia. amas Tu saerTaSoriso<br />
sityvebs davumatebT _ telefoni,<br />
televizori da sxva, gamodis, rom<br />
pirvelklaseli aTasamde qarTul<br />
sityvas flobs. TiToeuli gakve-<br />
Tilis masalis Sedgenisas saerTo<br />
sityvebs varCevT, magaliTad:<br />
baliSi, albomi, gemi, ialqani,<br />
amanaTi saaTi...<br />
am regionSi mSoblebs didi survili<br />
aqvT, bavSvebs saxelmwifo<br />
ena aswavlon. es skola Tavidan
38<br />
rusuli iyo da kontingenti dRiTi<br />
dRe mcirdeboda. bilingvuri swavlebis<br />
danergvis Semdeg ki moswavleebi<br />
sxva raionebidanac dadian.~<br />
saqarTveloSi mravalenovani anu<br />
multilingvuri swavleba 2006<br />
wels euTos mxardaWeriT, Sveicarulma<br />
organizacia `simeram~<br />
ganaxorciela. proeqti, romlis<br />
saxelwodebaa `mravalerovani<br />
ganaTleba~, or welze iyo gawerili.<br />
mis farglebSi 140-mde maswavlebeli<br />
da eqsperti gadamzadda.<br />
multilingvuri swavlebis<br />
pilotireba samcxe-javaxeTis da<br />
qvemo qarTlis im regionebSi moxda,<br />
romlebic erovnuli umciresobebiT<br />
kompaqturadaa dasaxlebuli.<br />
masSi 12 sajaro skola da<br />
580 pirvelklaseli da meoreklaseli<br />
moswavle CaerTo. eqspertebis<br />
SefasebiT, es proeqti<br />
warmatebuli aRmoCnda.<br />
2008 wels ki ganaTlebis saministrom<br />
multilingvuri swavlebis<br />
ufro farTod danergva gadawyvita.<br />
euTos erovnuli umciresobebis<br />
umaRlesi komisariatis<br />
dafinansebiT, saqarTveloSi Camosulma<br />
eqspertebma specialuri<br />
koncefcia SeimuSaves. koncefcias,<br />
romlis saxelwodebaa `samoqalaqo<br />
integracia multilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />
saSualebiT~, Tan eqvswliani<br />
samoqmedo gegma axlavs.<br />
rusudan Wanturia, ganaTlebis<br />
saministros samoqalaqo integraciis<br />
programebis koordinatori: `adre samoqalaqo<br />
integraciis mxardasaWerad<br />
ganaTlebis saministro saxelmwifo<br />
enis Seswavlaze iyo<br />
orientirebuli. axla ki ZiriTadi<br />
aqcenti multilingvur ganaTlebaze<br />
keTdeba.<br />
saministros mravalenovani swavlebis<br />
eqvswliani gegma aqvs. Tu<br />
rogor moxdeba misi ganxorcieleba,<br />
TiToeul skolazea damokidebuli.<br />
saministro programebis<br />
SesamuSaveblad maT nimuSebsa<br />
da instruqciebs miawvdis, gaacnobs<br />
saerTaSoriso gamocdilebas.<br />
programas ki Tavad skola<br />
SeimuSavebs, romelsac dasamtkiceblad<br />
saministros warudgens.<br />
proeqtis farglebSi gaTvaliswinebulia<br />
400 maswavleblis gadamzadeba,<br />
regulaciebis da registraciis<br />
meqanizmebis SemuSaveba,<br />
organizaciuli unar-Cvevebis<br />
gaZliereba multilingvuri ganaTlebis<br />
gansaxorcieleblad, skolebisTvis<br />
damatebiTi saswavlo<br />
masalebis momzadeba, multilingvur<br />
swavlebaze sazogadoebis<br />
informirebulobis gasazrdelad<br />
proeqtebis ganxorcieleba,<br />
sainformacio bukletebis da<br />
broSurebis momzadeba da sxva.<br />
saqarTveloSi amJamad 409 araqarTulenovani<br />
skolaa. multilingvuri<br />
swavlebis pilotireba<br />
ki 40 araqarTulenovan skolaSi<br />
daiwyo.<br />
programis mixedviT, erovnuli<br />
saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis<br />
centri multilingvuri swavlebis<br />
programebis nimuSebs zogadi<br />
ganaTlebis yvela safexurisTvis<br />
SeimuSavebs. aseve moamzadebs<br />
saxelmZRvaneloebs da damatebiT<br />
saswavlo masalebs, romlebic<br />
araqarTulenovan skolebSi<br />
darigdeba.~<br />
multilingvuri ganaTleba, erovnuli<br />
umciresobebis warmomadgenel<br />
moswavleebs ganaTlebis<br />
rogorc mSobliur, aseve saxelmwofo<br />
enaze miRebis saSualebas<br />
aZlevs. mSobliur enaze ganaTlebis<br />
miReba maT sakuTari inteleqtualuri<br />
SesaZleblobebis<br />
srulfasovnad gamovlenisTvis<br />
sWirdebaT. saxelmwifo enis<br />
codna ki sazogadoebaSi integraciisa<br />
da SromiT bazarze dasaqmebisTvisaa<br />
aucilebeli. mravalenovani<br />
ganaTlebis ZiriTadi<br />
upiratesoba isaa, rom igi xels<br />
uwyobs interkulturuli Cvevebis<br />
Camoyalibebas da tolerantobis<br />
ganviTarebas, rac mravaleTnikur<br />
qveyanaSi mSvidobiani<br />
sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis<br />
winapirobaa.
interviu<br />
N3, 2009 39<br />
naira gelaSvili:<br />
`Tu skola ar Seicvala...~<br />
saaTi bavSvsa da skolaze fiqrobs.<br />
sxvagvarad araferi gamogiva.<br />
nato ingoroyva<br />
es amonaridia naira<br />
gelaSvilis moTxrobidan<br />
`Cveneba~. saukeTeso miniSneba<br />
da saCvenebeli gakveTilia<br />
maswavleblebisTvis. TiTqos<br />
mweralma amiT maT yvelaferi<br />
uTxra.<br />
gifiqriaT odesme, rom<br />
SesaZloa maswavlebeli<br />
yofiliyaviT<br />
mTeli cxovrebis manZilze, skolis<br />
asakidan mokidebuli, maswavleblis<br />
profesias yvelaze rTul<br />
profesiad aRviqvamdi. dRes,<br />
miTumetes, gadawyvito maswavlebloba<br />
da am saqmes bolomde mihyve<br />
_ es samoqalaqo gmirobaa.<br />
TandaTanobiTi swavlebis procesi<br />
Zalian rTulia. me amas verasdros<br />
SevZlebdi. warmoidgineT,<br />
ramden bavSvTan gixdeba ur-<br />
TierToba. TiToeuli maTgani<br />
mTeli samyaroa da faqizi, individualuri<br />
midgoma sWirdeba.<br />
TiToeulze cal-calke unda<br />
ifiqro. samuSao dro mxolod<br />
skolaSi yofnis droiT ar amoiwureba,<br />
maswavlebeli lamis 24<br />
skolis maswavlebelTan erTad<br />
moviazreb sabavSvo baRis aRmzrdelsac.<br />
skola da baRi mWidrod<br />
aris dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan.<br />
ojaxis Semdeg es ori umniSvnelovanesi<br />
mikrosamyaroa, sadac<br />
yalibdeba bavSvis cnobiereba,<br />
romlis Secvlac mere Tu SeuZlebeli<br />
ara, Zalian Znelia.<br />
Tqveni drois skola rogori<br />
gaxsovT maswavleblebma<br />
Tu icodnen, rom werdiT<br />
saSualo skolidan gamyva mxolod<br />
erTaderTi maswavlebelis<br />
namdvili siyvaruli da ramdenime<br />
maTganis pativiscema. kargi maswavlebeli<br />
Cems droSic iSviaToba<br />
iyo. skola ar miyvarda, koSmarad<br />
damrCa, da dResac, roca im<br />
Senobisken Cavla mixdeba, misken<br />
ar vixedebi. da es imitom ara, rom<br />
iq raRac gansakuTrebuli eqscesebi<br />
xdeboda, ubralod, tipiuri<br />
sabWoTa skola iyo, aTeisturad<br />
usulgulo da aranamdvili.<br />
im dros ar vwerdi. SeiZleba, didi,<br />
didi, erTi-ori leqsi mqonoda daj-<br />
Rabnili. erTma maswavlebelma, romelmac<br />
gaigo Cemi „poetobis~ Sesaxeb,<br />
leqsis dawera SemikveTa. erT<br />
cnobil poets uwyobdnen Sexvedras<br />
da skolas undoda, mowafis<br />
SemoqmedebiT Tavi moewonebina.<br />
mec avdeqi da raRac, im poetis<br />
ganmadidebeli davwere. rogorc<br />
maxsovs, didi sisulele gamovida.<br />
es iyo Cemi pirveli da ukanaskneli<br />
SemoqmedebiTi kompromisi,<br />
rac sxvaTa Soris, Zalian usiamovnod<br />
maxsendeba xolme.<br />
dRevandel skolaze ras<br />
ityviT<br />
naira gelaSvili,<br />
mwerali, filologi-germanisti,<br />
mTargmneli, publicisti,<br />
saqarTvelos kulturul<br />
urTierTobaTa centris,<br />
`kavkasiur saxlis~ xelmZRvaneli<br />
,<br />
mTeli cxovrebis<br />
manZilze, skolis<br />
asakidan mokidebuli,<br />
maswavleblis<br />
profesias yvelaze<br />
rTul profesiad<br />
aRviqvamdi. dRes,<br />
miTumetes, gadawyvito<br />
maswavlebloba<br />
da am saqmes<br />
bolomde mihyve _<br />
es samoqalaqo<br />
gmirobaa.<br />
,,
40<br />
skolasTan Sexeba mqonda, rogorc<br />
mSobels, roca Cemi gogona swavlobda<br />
da axlac maqvs, rogorc<br />
bebias: Cemi SviliSvili moswavlea.<br />
bevri araferi Secvlila. Tu ar<br />
CavTvliT imas, rom zog skolaSi,<br />
Tundac iq, sadac Cemi Svili swavlobda,<br />
moswavlisa da maswavleblis<br />
urTierToba ufro uSualo,<br />
bunebrivi da saxaliso gaxda. maswavlebeli<br />
moswavles daumegobrda.<br />
oRond arasaintereso saxelmZRvaneloebisa<br />
da susti maswavleblebis<br />
problema isev umTavresia.<br />
pedagogika Zalian rTuli<br />
sferoa. mas uWkvianesi adamianebi<br />
qmidnen. is erTdroulad gulisxmobs<br />
codnas da swavlebis xelovnebas.<br />
maswavlebeli SemoqmedebiTi,<br />
artistuli pirovneba unda<br />
iyos. miT ufro dRes, roca<br />
interesi swavlisa da wignisadmi<br />
ukiduresad daqveiTebulia. wignsa<br />
da cocxal bunebas xom kompiuteri<br />
da televizori Caenacvla.<br />
amiT bavSvis fsiqika arnaxuli<br />
wnexis qveS moeqca... kompiuterica<br />
da televiziac narkotikebadaa<br />
qceuli, aseTi doziT da aseTi<br />
SinaarsiT isini yvelas fsiqikas<br />
asaxiCreben. da isedac, Cvens<br />
televiziebs xom arc adamianisaTvis<br />
sasikeTo koncefcia gaaCniaT,<br />
arc idea da arc morali.<br />
Tumca, es mxolod Cveni qveynis<br />
problema ar aris. Cemi germaneli<br />
megobrebi, maT Soris, upirveles<br />
yovlisa, skolis maswavleblebi<br />
aRniSnaven, rom interneti da<br />
televizori mowafisa da maswavleblis<br />
ubedurebad iqca.<br />
dRes maswavlebels iseTi xelSewyoba<br />
sWirdeba, rogorc arasdros.<br />
saxelmwifom pirdapir xelis gulze<br />
unda ataros kargi pedagogebi:<br />
skolis maswavleblebi Tu sabav-<br />
Svo baRis aRmzrdelebi. dRes xom<br />
gansakuTrebulad rTuli bavSvebi<br />
modian. didi Tanxa unda Caidos<br />
maswavlebelTa momzadebasa<br />
da maTi kvalifikaciis amaRleba-<br />
Si. maswavlebeli ganuxrelad unda<br />
ivsebdes da iaxlebdes codnas,<br />
bevrs kiTxulobdes. unda arsebobdes<br />
Zalian kvalificiuri, patara<br />
komisia, romelic gansazRvravda<br />
im axal mxatvrul Tu samecniero<br />
literaturas, romelic<br />
aucileblad unda aiTvisos maswavlebelma.<br />
skolis biblioTekebi<br />
unda mudam maragdebodes<br />
aseTi literaturiT. Semdeg regularulad<br />
unda xdebodes maswavlebelTa<br />
testireba, saukeTesoTa<br />
finansuri da yvelanairi waxaliseba.<br />
ra kargi iqneboda, imis<br />
SesaZlebloba rom arsebobdes,<br />
rom maswavlebeli sxva qveynis<br />
pedagogiur gamocdilebas im<br />
qveyanaSi gaecnos. ganaTlebaSi<br />
Cadebuli Tanxa xom momavlis<br />
Senobis mTavari aguria.<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmiT<br />
gaTvaliswinebuli sagnebis<br />
garda, ras unda aswavlides<br />
skola rogor vaswavloT<br />
mozards tolerantoba, adamianis<br />
uflebebis pativiscema,<br />
moqalaqeobrivi pasuxismgebloba<br />
roca mTlianad moSlilia aRzrdis<br />
sistema da visac rogor unda,<br />
ise zrdis Svilebs, am viTarebaSi<br />
maswavlebelze uzomod didi<br />
datvirTva modis.<br />
bavSvebis araswori aRzrdis Sedegia<br />
swored verSemdgari saxelmwifo,<br />
agresia gansxvavebuli religiisa<br />
da nacionalobis mimarT,<br />
politikuri ifantilizmi, ekonomikuri<br />
krizisi da saerTod, yvelanairi<br />
krizisi. es ZiriTadad ojaxebis<br />
marcxia. Sinaganad carieli,<br />
yovelgvari maRali principebisagan<br />
daclili, areuli ojaxebidan<br />
modian adamianebi, romlebic ver<br />
aSeneben qveyanas. mokled rom<br />
vTqva: qveynis fiasko es dedebisa<br />
da maswavleblebis fiaskoa.<br />
sabavSvo baRis, skolisa da umaRlesi<br />
saswavleblis upirvelesi<br />
mizani unda iyos normaluri moqalaqis<br />
aRzrda, romelsac pasuxismgebloba<br />
aqvs aRebuli Tavis<br />
qveyanaze, aqvs profesiuli codna,<br />
kanonierebis SegrZneba da<br />
zneobrivi kodeqsi.<br />
maswavlebeli unda iyos pirovneba,<br />
romelsac endobian da pativs<br />
scemen. man es pativiscema unda<br />
daimsaxuros. amisTvis mxolod<br />
sagnobrivi codna ar aris sakmarisi,<br />
is amavdroulad moswavlis<br />
Tanamoazre da megobari unda gaxdes.<br />
man unda icodes is samyaro,<br />
romelSic misi mowafe cxovrobs.<br />
rogor fiqrobT, mozardebi<br />
kiTxuloben wignebs raime<br />
saidumlo xom ar iciT maTi<br />
wignisken mibrunebisTvis<br />
bavSvebi, mogexsenebaT, arc erT<br />
epoqaSi ar giJdebodnen swavlaze.<br />
gasagebia: gana TamaSi ar jobia<br />
swavlas<br />
magram dRevandel bavSvs swavlisa<br />
da wignisadmi interesi mainc<br />
gansakuTrebulad aqvs daqveiTebuli.<br />
bavSvebs nervebi aRar yofniT,<br />
ar exalisebaT Tavs Zala<br />
daatanon codnis mosapoveblad.<br />
amas mravali mizezi aqvs da yvela<br />
am mizezs fesvi Cveni Zalian<br />
Zneli epoqisa da sinamdvilis<br />
siRrmeSi aqvs gadgmuli.<br />
amitom dRes saxelmZRvanelo gansakuTrebiT<br />
saintereso unda iyos,<br />
rom bavSvs Tavi waakiTxos. ar arsebobs<br />
arasaintereso sagnebi (me<br />
magaliTad, skolaSi yvelanairi<br />
gramatika miyvarda), arseboben<br />
arasaintereso maswavleblebi da<br />
arasaintereso saxelmZRvaneloebi.<br />
samwuxarod, is „axali~ saxelmZRvaneloebi,<br />
rac me minaxavs,<br />
moZvelebuli, droSi CarCenili,<br />
stereotipuli, aracocxali eni-<br />
Taa dawerili. aseTi wigni bavSvs<br />
saerTod SeaZulebs swavlas.<br />
swavla-ganaTlebis udidesi Sedegi<br />
samyaros mimarT daucxromeli<br />
interesis, misdami da yoveli<br />
cocxali arsebisadmi eTikuri<br />
mimarTebis, cocxali azrovnebisa<br />
da cxovrebaSi orientaciis<br />
unaris gamomuSaveba unda iyos.<br />
Tqveni azriT, ratom amTavreben<br />
CvenTan skolas `bavSvebi~, romelTa<br />
didi nawilis nacvlad<br />
profesias mSobeli irCevs<br />
im sazogadoebaSi, sadac aRzrda<br />
arc ician da arc saWirod Tvlian<br />
mis codnas, rogorc wesi, axalgazrdebis<br />
udidesi umravlesoba<br />
infantiluria. an Zalian gvian<br />
aRwevs Sinagan mowifulebas, an<br />
saerTod verasodes xdeba zrdadasrulebuli.
N3, 2009 41<br />
qarTveli mSobeli tradiciulad<br />
Zalian avtoritarulia, yvelaferi<br />
TviTon unda gadawyvitos<br />
da Svilsac gamudmebiT yvelaferi<br />
ukarnaxos. (saerTod, tradiciuli<br />
aRzrda adre mTel msoflioSi<br />
avtoritaruli iyo). bavSvis<br />
mudmivi marTvis survili ki<br />
mas damoukideblobas ukargavs.<br />
es pirvel rigSi exeba biWebs. sakuTar<br />
TavSi daurwmunebeli, pasuxismgeblobis<br />
tarebas miuCveveli,<br />
anu infantiluri adamiani<br />
ki Zalian saSiSia, mas surs sazogadoebasac<br />
da sakuTar Tavsac<br />
Zlierad moaCvenos Tavi, da advilad<br />
mimarTavs iaraRs, an politikuri<br />
Zalauflebisaken iswrafvis,<br />
an, aqaoda, naxeT, ra yoCaRi<br />
varo, wiTel Suqze gaatarebs<br />
manqanas, da saerTod, yvelanairi<br />
wesebis darRvevas cdilobs. sofelSi<br />
gazrdilebs es naklebad<br />
exebaT, radgan bavSvobidanve<br />
fizikuri Sroma uwevT. soflis<br />
tradiciul ojaxebSi bavSvebs<br />
ar anebivrebdnen da ar atutucebdnen,<br />
da biWebic ufro zrdadasrulebulebi<br />
iyvnen da arian. Tumca,<br />
axla soflebSic modebulia<br />
narkomania, rac qveynis saerTo<br />
krizisis Sedegia.<br />
roca mwerloba Tqveni cxovrebis<br />
saqme gaxda, sakuTari<br />
maswavleblebi xom ar giqceviaT<br />
nawarmoebebis persona-<br />
Jebad<br />
Znelia skolis periodze wera. avtobiografiul<br />
romanSi `sarkis natexebi~,<br />
romelSic mozaikuri principiT<br />
aris dalagebuli cxovrebiseuli<br />
epizodebi, maqvs erTi moTxroba<br />
_ `elvis presli, Savi yava da<br />
eklesia~. am moTxrobaSi 60-iani<br />
wlebis sabWoTa skolis damTrgunveli<br />
sinamdvilea asaxuli.<br />
qalbatono naira, ras urCevdiT,<br />
ras SesTavazebdiT<br />
skolasa da maswavleblebs<br />
didma avstrielma mweralma da<br />
moazrovnem, rainer maria rilkem,<br />
20-e saukunis daswyisSi, germanuli<br />
skolis Sesaxeb Tqva, Tu es<br />
skola ar Seicvala, am qveyanas<br />
katastrofa ar ascdebao. ise ke-<br />
Tilad agixdeT yvelaferi, rogorc<br />
es sityvebi axda. germanuli<br />
skola ver Seicvala da misma aRzrdilebma<br />
moitanes pirveli da<br />
meore msoflio omi. Cvenc igive<br />
igive SegviZlia vuTxraT sakuTar<br />
Tavs: Tu ar Seiqmna normaluri<br />
qarTuli skola, es qveyana kidev<br />
mraval gansacdelSi gaebmeba.<br />
rogorc ukve vTqvi, qveynis warumateblobis<br />
mizezi upirvelesad<br />
ojaxSi, sabavSvo baRsa da skolaSi<br />
unda veZioT. saxelmwifom<br />
udidesi resursebi unda gadaisrolos<br />
am mimarTulebiT. sasurvelia,<br />
evropuli sabavSvo baRebisa<br />
da skolebis gamocdilebac<br />
gaviTvaliswinoT.<br />
Cems siaxloveSi mdebare erT sabavSvo<br />
baRs vakvirdebi xolme.<br />
mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi dRedaRam<br />
imas axmaren drosa da energias,<br />
rom wlis bolos saCvenebeli<br />
koncerti Caataron mSoblebisTvis<br />
da Tan... inglisur enaze. qar-<br />
Tuli ena aRar ekadrebaT, viTom<br />
brwyinvaled flobdnen! TiTqos<br />
qarTuli speqtaklis dadgma martivi<br />
iyos...<br />
rac mTavaria, am baRs aqvs yovlad<br />
mouwesrigebeli da daugveli<br />
ezo. da aravin aswavlis am bavSvebs<br />
sisufTavis dacvas, ezosa da garemos<br />
movlas, yvavilebis dargvas<br />
da a.S. (ar gagonebT es baRi Cvens<br />
qveyanas). ho, Zalian kargi iqneboda,<br />
yvela baRsa da skolas Tavisi<br />
nakveTi hqondes, sadac moswavleebi<br />
Sromas da miwasTan ur-<br />
TierTobas mieCvevian.<br />
adre soflis skolebs hqondaT<br />
aseTi nakveTebi da iq mSvenieri<br />
mosavalic mohyavdaT, romelsac<br />
Semdeg kargad iyenebdnen skolis<br />
sasadiloSi. ucxoelebi aRfrTovandeban<br />
xolme, roca igeben, rom<br />
adre aseTi tradicia arsebobda.<br />
maswavlebeli sagnis swavlebas-<br />
Tan erTad moqalaqeobasac unda<br />
aswavlides. upirvelesad adamianebi<br />
unda avRzardoT da Semdeg<br />
_ specialistebi. roca maswavlebeli<br />
xedavs, rom saxelmZRvanelo<br />
uinteresoa, sxvadasxva literaturis<br />
CanacvlebiT da SemoqmedebiTi<br />
midgomebiT unda scados,<br />
saintereso gaxados gakveTili.<br />
moswavlem unda igrZnos, rom<br />
esa Tu is sagani raRac ganyenebuli<br />
ram ki araa, aramed uSualod<br />
ukavSirdeba im problemebs, romlebic<br />
mas cxovrebaSi Sexvdeba.<br />
zogjer gakveTilis nacvlad kargi<br />
iqneba, Tu maswavlebeli raRac<br />
sainteresos mouyveba bavSvebs,<br />
Tundac sakuTari cxovrebidan,<br />
magaliTad, Tu TviTon ra problemebis<br />
winaSe idga maT asakSi<br />
da rogor arTmevda maT Tavs. an<br />
moulodnelad raRac musikas miitans<br />
mosasmenad, an filmis Cvenebas<br />
moawyobs, Tuki amisi SesaZlebloba<br />
arsebobs. da mere mTeli<br />
klasi isaubrebs mosmenilsa da<br />
nanaxze. bavSvma unda igrZnos, rom<br />
maswavlebelma icis is, rac mas<br />
ainteresebs da misi Tanamoazrea.<br />
bavSvebTan daaxloebis kargi gzaa<br />
erToblivi eqskursiebi (magram<br />
ara iseTi samarcxvino, dRes<br />
rom ewyoba: midian skolebisa da<br />
umaRlesi saswavleblebis mowafeebi<br />
da maswavleblebi sadme,<br />
bunebis wiaRSi da naWam-narCeniT<br />
avseben iqaurobas, RvTis Seqmnil<br />
walkots saRored gadaaqceven<br />
da kmayofilebi brundebian Sin).<br />
skolaSi myavda istoriis maswavlebeli,<br />
romelsac namdvilad<br />
pativs vcemdi _ petre TumaniSvili.<br />
erTxel man meoTxe klasSi<br />
pirvelad wagviyvana eqskursiaze<br />
aragvis xeobaSi. sadilobas rom<br />
movrCiT, bavSvebi wamovcvivdiT.<br />
maxsovs, rogor migvabruna ukan<br />
da gviTxra, axla aqauroba ise<br />
unda davasufTavoT, TiTqos aq<br />
arc vyofilvarTo. es araCveulebrivad<br />
saintereso amocanad mogveCvena:<br />
Cveni kvali ar unda dagvetovebina.<br />
arasdros damaviwydeba,<br />
patara TiTebiT balaxis Zirebidan<br />
rogor viRebdiT moxar-<br />
Suli kvercxis cicqna naWuWebs.<br />
gavakrialeT iqauroba. am dRem<br />
Rrma kvali datova CemSi: me gavige<br />
samyaroSi moqcevis umniSvnelovanesi<br />
wesi (araferi daaziano,<br />
arsad datovo maxinji kvali),<br />
Tavi sasargeblo adamianad<br />
vigrZeni da sakuTari pirovnebisadmi<br />
pativiscemis gancda<br />
dameufla.
42<br />
reportaJi<br />
cxra mTas iqiT, an aqve -<br />
rogor davgegmoT eqskursia<br />
`maswavlebeli~ meaTeklaselebTan erTad eqskursiaze wavida,<br />
mere ki `gamocdileba~ eqspertebTan erTad Seajama.<br />
Tea Tofuria<br />
swavlis damTavrebasTan erTad eqskursiebis sezonic daiwyo.<br />
axla yvela sadRac midis, an ukve wavida da Camovida.<br />
yoveli eqskursia erTmaneTs hgavs da rogorc wesi, viRacis<br />
dagvianebiT iwyeba.<br />
jgufi, romelsac `maswavlebeli~<br />
gahyva, winandlisken 8 saaTze<br />
unda daZruliyo, magram ruskam<br />
daigviana da amis gamo 9-ze Zlivs<br />
daviZariT. ruska meaTeklaselia,<br />
skola-liceum `aia-dan~.<br />
eqskursiaze kidev TxuTmetamde<br />
misi klaseli modis, moaqvT bur-<br />
Ti da wyliani boTlebi sawuwaod.<br />
maTi marto datoveba kargi<br />
azri ar iqneboda, Sesabamisad,<br />
ramdenimes mSobelic mohyveba,<br />
jgufs ki _ ra Tqma unda, maswavlebelic<br />
axlavs.<br />
eqskursiaze xSirad samarSruto<br />
taqsiTac dadian, magram, am Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi, avtobuss mainc araferi<br />
Seedreba. marTalia, ufro nela<br />
moZraobs, magram meti haeria.<br />
`es Cemi skamia, aq me vjdebi...~ _<br />
viTom adgilebi daikaves. sinamdvileSi,<br />
skamebs yovel xuT wuT-
N3, 2009 43<br />
Si icvlian, yvela erTxmad laparakobs<br />
da yurTasmena ar aris.<br />
mZRolebi, romlebsac xSirad<br />
uwevT mozardebis eqskursiaze<br />
wayvana, xmaurs didi xania SeeCvivnen.<br />
es bavSvebisTvis garTobaa,<br />
Sesvenebaa, romlis bolos<br />
zari ar dairekeba da gakveTili<br />
ar daiwyeba.<br />
Tumca am bavSvebs win da ukan siaruli<br />
ar akliaT. amaswinaT kabadokiaSic<br />
iyvnen, tao-klarjeTic<br />
moiares. axla kaxeTisken aqvT gza.<br />
aq ufro ioladaa saqme. is mainc<br />
ici, cxeli SoTi sad iyideba.<br />
_ cota iqiT kai Tonea, masw.<br />
maincdamainc arc ruka gWirdeba.<br />
_ yvelawmindis monasterSi aq unda<br />
avuxvioT.<br />
avtobusi aRmarTze mixoxavs. yvelawmindis<br />
taZari orgumbaTiania<br />
da umetesad amiT icnoben. monasterSi<br />
aTi beri moRvaweobs.<br />
erT-erTi taZarTan gvxvdeba.<br />
_ taZris meore nawilSi ar gadaxvideT,<br />
guSin agurebi Camocvivda,<br />
_ afrTxilebs bavSvebs, romlebic<br />
ukve lamis saxuravze arian<br />
asulebi.<br />
cota xnis Semdeg avtobusi TavdaRmarTSi<br />
moCaqCaqebs.<br />
winandalSi movediT.<br />
bavSvebs muzeumis daTvaliereba<br />
undaT, magram winandalSi siurprizia:<br />
WiSkarTan asamde kacia<br />
Sekrebili da yvela abras aTvalierebs.<br />
masze momsaxurebis<br />
Tanxaa miTiTebuli. eqskursiebis<br />
xelmZRvanelebi ukmayofiloebi<br />
arian, TiToeuli jgufis Sesvlas<br />
win naxevarsaaTiani Cxubi uswrebs.<br />
uCxubrad verc Cven SevediT.<br />
_ aq weria, rom muzeumis daTvaliereba<br />
kacze 3 lari Rirs, gadavixdiT<br />
kacze 3 lars da SegviSviT<br />
muzeumSi.<br />
_ baRis daTvalierebis Tanxac<br />
unda gadaixadoT.<br />
_ ar vapirebT baRis daTvalierebas.<br />
_ ho, magram muzeumSi rom moxvdeT,<br />
baRi xom unda gaiaroT!<br />
_ muzeumamde misvla da daTvaliereba<br />
erTia Tu erTia, maSin<br />
calke servisad ratom giweriaT.<br />
_ asea, sxvanairad ver SegiSvebT.<br />
_ kargi, am sam larSi gidic mogvemsaxureba<br />
_ ara, gidisTvis calke gadasaxadia.<br />
_ aba, muzeumi gidis gareSe<br />
rogor unda davaTvaliero<br />
damalaparakeT administarcias.<br />
Tamar mosiaSvili, maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis centri,<br />
maswavlebelTa sertificirebis koordinatori:<br />
`Zalian mniSvnelovania saskolo<br />
eqskursiis sworad dagegmva. maswavlebelma<br />
unda gansazRvros<br />
eqskursiis mizani da saqmianobebi,<br />
rac, SesaZloa, sam ZiriTad<br />
etapad davyoT: mosamzadebeli<br />
saqmianoba mosanaxulebeli<br />
adgilis Sesaxeb informaciis<br />
moZiebas gulisxmobs. aseTi<br />
davaleba maswavlebelma, SesaZloa,<br />
moswavleTa jgufs misces.<br />
davalebis momzadebis Semdeg,<br />
maswavlebelma unda gaigos ra<br />
kiTxvebi gauCndaT moswavleebs<br />
informaciis moZiebis procesSi<br />
da miiReben Tu ara eqskursiis<br />
Sedegad dasmul kiTxvebze amomwurav<br />
pasuxebs. mniSvnelovania<br />
aseve eqskursiis gegmis Sedgenac:<br />
ra adgilebis monaxulebas<br />
SeZleben, ra davaleba unda Seasrulon<br />
moswavleebma _ gadaiRon<br />
suraTebi an video, gaesaubron<br />
adgilobrivi Temis warmomadgenlebs<br />
Tu Tanaklaselebs winaswar<br />
moZiebuli informacia gauziaron.<br />
eqskursiidan dabrunebul<br />
moswavleebs nanaxis Sesaxeb<br />
gamocdilebis megobrebisaTvis<br />
gaziarebis SesaZlebloba unda<br />
hqondeT. maT SeuZliaT moamzadon<br />
prezentacia, gamouSvan kedlis<br />
gazeTi da sxv. eqskursia<br />
arc marto garTobaa da arc marto<br />
SemecnebiTi RonisZieba. is<br />
bavSvs sworad ganviTarebis saSualebas<br />
aZlevs, gansakuTrebiT<br />
maSin, Tu mozardebi mxolod<br />
damTvaliereblebi ar arin da<br />
garkveul procesebSi Tavadac<br />
monawileoben~.<br />
_ administracia TbilisSia.<br />
sabolood irkveva, rom muzeum-<br />
Si Sesvla (gidis gareSe) jgufs
44<br />
rezo geTiaSvili, kavkasiis<br />
garemosdacviTi arasamTavrobo organizaciebis<br />
qselis (CENN) sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis<br />
xelmZRvaneli: `eqskursia TavisTavad<br />
dadebiTi movlenaa. amitom,<br />
pirveli, ris gamoc eqskursiis<br />
komponentze proeqtis dros uars<br />
ar amboben, is dadebiTi emociebia,<br />
rac urTierTobebs aiolebs da<br />
ucxo adamianebs, miT ufro, bav-<br />
Svebs, gundurad ganawyobs. sulac<br />
araa aucilebeli, rom proeqti<br />
eqskursiiT daasrulo. SeiZleba<br />
eqskursia sxva etapzec dagegmo.<br />
bunebrivia eqskursia stiqiurad<br />
ar igegmeba da marSruti konkretuli<br />
Temisa da interesis mixedviT<br />
irCeva. dagegmvac gunduri<br />
muSaobis procesia da gadawyvetilebis<br />
miRebaSi yvela monawileobs.<br />
aseve mniSvnelovania, im<br />
obieqtis winaswari Seswavla da<br />
SeZlebisdagvarad momzadeba,<br />
sadac eqskursiaa dagegmili.<br />
vTqvaT, Tu hidroeleqtrosadguria,<br />
mis administraciasTan<br />
dakavSireba garkveuli xniT adre<br />
xdeba, raTa es adamianebic mzad<br />
iyvenen informaciis gasacemad.<br />
raki turis yidva da gidis daqiraveba<br />
yovelTvis ar aris SesaZlebeli,<br />
xandaxan saWiro xdeba<br />
eqspertis mowveva. mTavaria, bav-<br />
Svebs SesTavazo cocxali procesi,<br />
romelSic TviTonve monawileoben<br />
da ara _ ubralo daTvaliereba.<br />
amisTvis sxvadasxva meTodi arsebobs<br />
_ kvleviTi davalebebiT<br />
dawyebuli da gundebad dayofiT<br />
da SejibriT damTavrebuli.<br />
kidev erTi mniSvnelovani Sedegi<br />
garemosa da sazogadoebasTan<br />
urTierTobaa. sasargeblo Cvevebis<br />
miRebasTan erTad bavSvebs<br />
sadme organizebulad wasvlis<br />
kulturac uviTardebaT. imaSi<br />
dasarwmuneblad, rom samyaro Zalian<br />
didi da sainteresoa, cxra<br />
mTis gadalaxva arc aris saWiro.<br />
zogjer usaqmod jdomas uqmeebze<br />
turis dagegmva sjobs~.<br />
70 laramde ujdeba, Sesabamisad,<br />
mxolod baRis daTvalierebiT<br />
unda SemovifargloT (aseve gidis<br />
gareSe). CveniT unda mivxvdeT,<br />
romel xesTan vdgavarT da saer-<br />
Tod, ratomaa es baRi mniSvnelovani.<br />
WavWavaZeebsa da winandalze<br />
bavSvebs gakveTilebze mouyvnen.<br />
rac Seexeba baRs, maswavleblebi<br />
aqac Tavad pouloben cnobil<br />
fuRuros, sadac lekebis<br />
Tavdasxmisas WavWavaZis ojaxis<br />
wevrebi daimalnen. natvris xeze<br />
yvela im bavSvis cxvirsaxocia<br />
gamobmuli, romlic odesme eqskursiaze<br />
yofila. unda vivaraudoT,<br />
rom am xes yvelaze xSirad<br />
misaRebi gamocdebis Cabarebas<br />
evedrebodnen.<br />
fuRuroiani xis moZebnis Semdeg,<br />
yvelaze Zneli sapirfareSos<br />
moZebnaa _ is ubralod ar aris.<br />
kidev ufro unugeSo saqmea, saCivrebis<br />
wigni moZebno da Sig is Cawero,<br />
rasac baRSi mowriale xalxi<br />
erTmaneTs eubneba: `amxela gzidan<br />
mosul xalxs rom sapirfareSo<br />
dasWirdeba, ar ician! ra<br />
gaxda erTi tualetis aSeneba...~<br />
radgan tualetic, administraciis<br />
ar iyos, TbilisSia, eqskursiis<br />
monawileebi iZulebulebi arian,<br />
saxlisken droulad gamobrundnen.<br />
miTumetes, bavSvebs SiaT.<br />
kaxeTSi sufris gasaSleli adgilis<br />
povna advili ar aris. patara<br />
mdelos ZiebaSi veliscixemde<br />
CamovdivarT. ufro sworad, erTi<br />
cida mdeloc ar kmara, bolos da<br />
bolos burTi aqvT wamoRebuli.<br />
mSoblebi sufras awyoben. roca<br />
saWmeli erT kacs moaqvs, TiTqos<br />
araferi, magram Tu yvelam TiTi<br />
qaTami, TiTo xaWapuri, TiTo<br />
kilo namcxvari wamoiRo, sufra<br />
marTlac saqorwilo gamodis.<br />
Tan mWamelic aravinaa, bavSvebma<br />
ori lukma gadaylapes da<br />
mindorze erTmaneTs gaekidnen.<br />
sanovage Tavzesayrelad rCeba.<br />
samagierod wyali Tavdeba male.<br />
jer biWebma gogoebi gawuwes, mere<br />
gogoebma _ biWebi, mere ki wvima<br />
wamovida da yvela dasvelda.<br />
wvima gansakuTrebiT mSoblebs<br />
gauxardaT. ukve Ramdeboda,<br />
bavSvebi ki avtobusSi amosvlas<br />
aRar apirebdnen.<br />
morigi eqskursia dasrulebulia.
problema<br />
N3, 2009 45<br />
eqimis mosvlamde<br />
roca moswavle ubeduri SemTxvevis msxverplia<br />
irma kaxuraSvili<br />
naZaladevis raionis erT-erTi sajaro skolis ezoSi, fizkulturis<br />
gakveTilze, meeqvsklaseli Tornike skolis sardafSi Cavarda.<br />
maswavlebeli am dros iq ar imyofeboda. TornikesTvis pirveladi<br />
daxmarebis gaweva Tanaklaselebma scades, Tumca uSedegod. zurgis<br />
areSi miRebuli travmisa da mravali daJeJilobis Sedegad bavSvi<br />
Tavs cudad grZnobda. adgilze arc skolis eqimi aRmoCnda, amitom<br />
dagvinebiT mosulma maswavlebelma Tornike Sin gaistumra.<br />
mSoblebis mier gamoZaxebulma saswrafo daxmarebis eqimma<br />
bavSvs tvinis Seryeva da xerxemlis travma daudgina. Tornikes<br />
erTTviani woliTi reJimi da Zlieri gamayuCeblebi dauniSnes.<br />
sasargeblo internet-resursi<br />
sajaro skolebisa da<br />
maswavleblebisTvis:<br />
http://www.teachernet.gov.uk/_doc/<br />
4421/GFAS.pdf<br />
pirveladi daxmareba skolaSi _<br />
praqtikuli saxelmZRvanelo sajaro<br />
skolebis maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
profesiuli standartis mixedviT,<br />
maswavlebels moeTxoveba,<br />
icodes, rogor unda Seqmnas usafrTxo<br />
saswavlo garemo da ubeduri<br />
SemTxvevis dros daSavebuls<br />
pirveladi samedicino daxmareba<br />
aRmouCinos. maswavleblebi amboben,<br />
rom standartis moTxovnis<br />
dakmayofileba rTulia, radgan<br />
maT saTanado codna ar aqvT. rogorc<br />
wesi, ubeduri SemTxvevis<br />
pirveli mowme ara skolis eqimi,<br />
aramed maswavlebelia.<br />
Tbilisis 63-e sajaro skolis direqtoris,<br />
nana moniavas TqmiT,<br />
yvelaze xSirad moswavleebi celqobis<br />
gamo iReben dazianebas,<br />
gansakuTrebiT dawyebiT da VI-VI I I<br />
klasebSi. aseTi SemTxvevebis dros<br />
maswavlebeli jer Tavad cdilobs<br />
pirveladi daxmarebis gawevas,<br />
Semdeg ki skolis eqims ukavSirdeba.<br />
Tumca, eqimis gamoCenamde,<br />
igi ara konkretul codnaze dayrdnobiT,<br />
aramed mxolod intuiciiT<br />
moqmedebs.<br />
`yvelas gvinaxavs, bavSvebi TamaS-<br />
TamaSiT rogor uxeSad urtyamen<br />
erTmaneTs CanTebs, Widaoben, kalmebiT<br />
Cxvleten... texen fanjris<br />
minebs, rac ara mxolod Tavis tvinis<br />
Seryevis, aramed, vTqvaT, Tvalis,<br />
arteriis an sxva sasicocxlo<br />
organoebis dazianebis saSiSroebasac<br />
qmnis. skolaSi gvqonda<br />
SemTxveva, rodesac mecxreklaselma<br />
biWma Zlieri dartymis Sedegad<br />
goneba dakarga. ra unda<br />
moemoqmedebina maswavlebels,<br />
sanam eqimi gamoCndeboda aseT<br />
situaciaSi nebismieri adamiani<br />
daibneoda~. _ ambobs qalbatoni<br />
nana da darwmunebulia, rom<br />
pirveladi samedicino unar-<br />
Cvevebis codna ara mxolod<br />
maswavleblebs, aramed skolis<br />
moswavleebsac ar avnebda.<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris maswavleblis<br />
profesiuli standartis koordinatoris,<br />
nino elbaqiZis TqmiT,<br />
`usafrTxo skolis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani<br />
komponentis Tanaxmad<br />
maswavlebeli elementarul samedicino<br />
codnas unda flobdes. sworad<br />
aRmoCenilma pirveladma daxmarebam<br />
SeiZleba adamianis sicocxle<br />
gadaarCinos~. nino elbaqiZe ambobs,<br />
rom es problema, SesaZloa,<br />
romelime saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan<br />
TanamSromlobiT mogvardes:<br />
`es axlo momavlis proeqtia.<br />
didi survili gvaqvs, maswavleblebs<br />
treningebi CautardeT~.<br />
saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris sazogadoebis<br />
generaluri mdivani,<br />
goCa RuWaSvili ambobs, rom maTi<br />
organizacia mimarTvis SemTxvevaSi<br />
skolebsa da maswavleblebs<br />
am Temaze damatebiT informacias<br />
miawvdis. dainteresebis SemTxvevaSi<br />
saqarTvelos wiTeli jvris<br />
sazogadoebas daukavSirdiT:<br />
krilovis q.15 Tbilisi 0102,<br />
saqarTvelo tel: 96 15 34; 96 10 92<br />
el. fosta: press@redcross.ge<br />
http://www.redcross.org.uk/news.<br />
aspid=90744<br />
britaneTis wiTeli jvari _<br />
resursi maTTvis, visac skolaSi<br />
pirveladi samedicino daxmarebis<br />
safuZvlebis Seswavla surs.<br />
http://www.icrc.org/web/eng/siteeng0.<br />
nsf/htmlall/p0870/$File ICRC_002_<br />
0870.PDF<br />
wiTeli jvris saerTaSoriso komiteti<br />
_ pirveladi daxmarebis<br />
saxelmZRvanelo<br />
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/<br />
FirstAidIndex/FirstAidIndex<br />
maio klinika, samedicino ganaTlebisa<br />
da kvlevis fondis internet-resursi<br />
_ aq SegiZliaT<br />
moipovoT amomwuravi informacia<br />
gansxvavebul situaciebSi<br />
aucilebeli pirveladi samedicino<br />
daxmarebis Sesaxeb.
46 gakveTili<br />
iswavle siamovnebiT...<br />
`xelovnebis istoriis gakveTilebis<br />
Rirseba isaa, rom moswavleebs<br />
uviTardebaT xelovnebis<br />
nimuSebis Sefasebis unari. maT<br />
SeuZliaT suraTis daxasiaTeba,<br />
teqnikis, mimdinareobis, Janris<br />
garkveva. informacias iReben<br />
msoflio muzeumebis, Tanamedrove<br />
xelovnebis mimarTulebebze.<br />
SeuZliaT imsjelon ferweris,<br />
arqiteqturisa da qandakebis<br />
nimuSebzec. maT SeiZleba ver<br />
daxaton da Sedevrebi ver Seqmbela<br />
CekuriSvili<br />
TaTuli revaziSvili: `funqciur<br />
nivTebze imitom vamaxvileb<br />
yuradRebas, rom es ar aris xelovnebis<br />
skola. es mimarTuleba<br />
Sors aris xelovnebisgan, magram<br />
daintereseba Zalian didia rogorc<br />
bavSvebis, aseve mSoblebis<br />
mxridan. bavSvebis gemovneba ixveweba,<br />
xeliT Sromas sxvanairad<br />
afaseben. gakveTilze Teoriul<br />
masalasac gavdivarT. CveulebgamoyenebiTi<br />
xelovneba saqarTvelos ganaTlebis centrSi<br />
(GLC) erT-erTi mTavari sagania.<br />
abaJuri feradi<br />
Zafebisagan gavakeTe.<br />
Zafebi gaberil buSts<br />
Semovaxvie, mere<br />
webo davade, davelode<br />
da roca gaSra,<br />
buSti gavxeTqe. saaTis<br />
eskizebi maswavlebelma<br />
mogvitana.<br />
Cven amovWeriT, gavaferadeT<br />
da muyaoze<br />
davakariT, mere<br />
Sig saaTi CavsviT.<br />
me jambazi gavakeTe,<br />
nodarma _ wruwuna~.<br />
,,<br />
daTo<br />
,,<br />
TuTiyuSis, Tevzis, bayayis, jambazis,<br />
wruwunas formis saaTebi,<br />
sakarnavalo, bumbuliani niRbebi,<br />
Semodgomis foTlebis panoebi,<br />
moxatuli saaRdgomo kvercxebi,<br />
boTlebi da keramikuli<br />
TefSebi, aplikaciebi, zardaxSebi,<br />
abaJurebi, suraTis CarCoebi<br />
_ aseTia xelovnebis kabineti me-5-<br />
dan me-10 klaselebisTvis.<br />
`maswavlebeli gvawerinebs moculobebs,<br />
imasac, Tu ra masala<br />
gvWirdeba. mere mogvaqvs da muSaobas<br />
viwyebT,~ _ mixsnian bavSvebi.<br />
maswavlebeli ki, axalgazrda<br />
mxatvari da interieris dizaineri,<br />
TaTuli revaziSvili oTxi<br />
welia, saqarTvelos ganaTlebis<br />
centrSi (GLC), xelovnebis istorias<br />
aswavlis da aqve gamoyenebi-<br />
Ti xelovnebis studiasac xelm-<br />
ZRvanelobs. or TveSi erTxel<br />
isini gamofenebs awyoben.<br />
rivad vwerT testebs da sakontroloebs<br />
da ase vswavlobT xelovnebis<br />
istorias. gamomcemlobebSi<br />
davZebneT saxelmZRvaneloebi,<br />
sadac araCveulebrivi Teoriuli<br />
masala da praqtikuli samuSaoebia<br />
mocemuli. saxelmZRvanelom<br />
saSualeba mogvca, moswavleebi<br />
Teoriuli masalis codnis mxriv<br />
SevafasoT. es rom xelovnebis<br />
skola yofiliyo, maSin ufro<br />
met dros davuTmobdiT praqtikas,<br />
Tumca axlac bevrs vmuSaobT.~<br />
Teoriul masalas ufro meti dro<br />
eTmoba me-9 da me-10 klasidan.<br />
TaTuli maswavleblis dakvirvebiT,<br />
rogori kargi specialistic<br />
unda iyo, Tu me-9 klasis moswavles<br />
survili ar aqvs, dekoratiul<br />
panos ver gaakeTebineb, samagierod,<br />
SegiZlia xelovnebis<br />
Teoria safuZvlianad Seaswavlo.
N3, 2009 47<br />
nan, magram sakuTar Sexedulebebs<br />
akademiurad Camoayalibeben.<br />
vcdilob, rom xelovneba skolaSi<br />
kargad iswavlebodes. nel-nela<br />
vviTardebiT. roca wignebi ar<br />
gvqonda, Zalian SezRuduli viyaviT.<br />
konspeqtebis momzadeba Tavad<br />
miwevda, saxelmZRvanelos Semotanam<br />
ki Zalian didi saqme gaakeTa.<br />
roca bavSvs saxelmZRvanelo<br />
ar aqvs, sagans zereled uyurebs.<br />
rogor iqnebi srulfasovani moqalaqe,<br />
Tu Seni qalaqis an qveynis<br />
arqiteqturaSi ver erkvevi<br />
taZarSi roca Sedixar, sasurvelia,<br />
icode, esa Tu is freska sad da<br />
ratomaa ganTavsebuli. Cemi<br />
swavlebis Sedegs yvelaze ukeT<br />
eqskursiaze vxedav. uamravi<br />
cixe-simagre da taZari vnaxeT.<br />
bavSvebi damoukideblad arCeven,<br />
taZari meramdene saukunisaa, kanonikis<br />
mixedviT, romeli xati<br />
romel adgilzea, anda ras mianiSnebs<br />
wmindanebis Jestikulacia.“<br />
meaTeklaselebi maswavlebels<br />
axasiaTeben:<br />
_ jvarcma rom vnaxeT, yvelaferi<br />
viswavleT jvarcmis Sesaxeb,<br />
TaTulim uamravi ram agvixsna.<br />
_ ferTa Teoria iyo saintereso,<br />
romeli feri rogor xasiaTs<br />
gamoxatavs.<br />
CarCo muyaosgan<br />
gamovWeri da pulverizatoriT<br />
mwvaned<br />
SevRebe. mere borblebisa<br />
da bafTebis formis<br />
makaronebi aviRe,<br />
zed davawebe da guaSebiT<br />
gavaferade. am<br />
yuTSi erT dros svarovskis<br />
iremi ido,<br />
me SuSis mZivebiT da<br />
aplikaciiT gavaforme<br />
da lamazi<br />
zardaxSa gamovida.<br />
,,<br />
nia<br />
,,<br />
_ yvelaze saintereso iyo kolizeumi,<br />
samive iarusze sxvadasxva<br />
ZeglebiT.<br />
_ xelovnebas Tu sxva skolaSi<br />
zedapirulad uyureben, Cven ase<br />
ar varT. zogjer matematikis maswavlebelTan<br />
ar gviwevs amdeni<br />
muSaoba. xelovneba Ceulebrivi<br />
sagania da seriozulad vuyurebT.<br />
_ yvela detals varCevT, teqsts<br />
jgufSi vkiTxulobT da Cveni<br />
azri gamogvaqvs, mere vmsjelobT.<br />
_ imasac aqvs mniSvneloba, xelovnebas<br />
rogori maswavlebeli gaswavlis,<br />
ramdenad dagainteresebs.<br />
TaTuli revaziSvili Tvlis, rom<br />
swavlebis aseTi meTodis dadebiTi<br />
mxare isaa, rom bavSvebi sakuTari<br />
xeliT keTebas da Sromas<br />
eCvevnian. dekoratiuli dizainis<br />
nimuSebs isini siamovnebiT amzadeben.<br />
mSoblebic Zalian amayoben,<br />
Svilebis namuSevrebi xSirad<br />
ofisebis gasaformeblad miaqvT.<br />
TviTon bavSvebma sakuTar TavSi<br />
gansxvavebuli unarebi aRmoaCines.<br />
`ganaTlebis procesisadmi<br />
maTi damokidebulebac sxvanairia:<br />
isini siamovnebiT muSaoben da,<br />
amave dros, Sesabamis Sefasebasac<br />
iReben~, _ ambobs maswavlebeli.<br />
TaTuli revaziSvili (marjvnidan meore) moswavleebTan erTad<br />
maswavlebelma<br />
sxvadasxva formis<br />
boTlebi mogvitana,<br />
Cven avirCieT forma<br />
da movxateT. am aba-<br />
Jurze 3 gakveTili vimuSave,<br />
narinjisferi,<br />
mwvane da TeTri Zafebi<br />
avirCie, mere aplikaciebi<br />
mivakari.<br />
,,<br />
ela<br />
,,
48<br />
regioni<br />
Telavi-biberaxi-Telavi<br />
nino koSaZe<br />
skolis kursdamTavrebulebi `Spraxdiplomis~ gamocdebis<br />
Cabarebas SeZleben _ Telavis mecxre sajaro skola<br />
saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi monawileobs<br />
specialurad `maswavleblisTvis~ kaxeTidan<br />
Telavis<br />
mecxre sajaro skolaSi<br />
dResac siamayiT<br />
aRniSnaven, rom pirvel<br />
erovnul gamocdebSi<br />
#1 abiturientad<br />
dasaxelebuli<br />
ana mamukelaSvili<br />
maTi moswavle iyo.<br />
germaneli pedagogi georg volteri<br />
Telavis me-9 germanulenovani<br />
sajaro skolis moswavleebs<br />
`SpraxdiplomisTvis~ amzadebs.<br />
ukve cxra Tvea, igi mTel dRes<br />
skolaSi atarebs da qarTvel bav-<br />
Svebs germanul enas aswavlis.<br />
iseTi diplomis aReba, romelic<br />
msoflios nebismier germanulenovan<br />
universitetSi swavlis SesaZleblobas<br />
iZleva, moswavleebs<br />
ukve am skolaSic SeuZliaT.<br />
volteris ganmartebiT, kursi<br />
weliwadnaxevriania da 21 qarTveli<br />
bavSvi `Spraxdiplomis~<br />
gamocdebis Cabarebas dekembris<br />
Sua ricxvebSi SeZlebs.<br />
georg volteri, Telavis me-9 sajaro<br />
skolis maswavlebeli: `es kursi mxolod<br />
enis swavlebas ki ar moicavs,<br />
aramed im Taviseburebebis<br />
gacnobasac, rac `Spraxdiplomis~<br />
asaRebadaa saWiro. germaniidan<br />
Camotanili literaturis garda,<br />
moswavleebs Cems mier damuSavebul<br />
masalasac vTavazob, romelic<br />
maT Zalian bevri ramis aRqmas<br />
da gagebas umartivebs~.<br />
germanuli enis maswavlebeli giuli<br />
lafauri aRniSnavs, rom gakveTilebze<br />
moswavleebi oTxi aspeqtiT<br />
swavloben enas. programa<br />
moicavs weris, kiTxvis, metyvelebis<br />
da mosmenis unar-Cvevebis<br />
SeZenas, rac maT saSualebas<br />
aZlevs srulyofilad Seiswavlon<br />
ena. misive ganmartebiT, es msoflioSi<br />
aprobirebuli meTodia.<br />
`postsabWoTa sivrceSi ucxo enis<br />
swavleba ZiriTadad damyarebuli<br />
iyo kiTxva-Targmnis meTodikaze,<br />
rac, ra Tqma unda, ver mogvcemda<br />
saTanado Sedegs. Tanamedrove<br />
standartebiT swavlebis mizania,<br />
rom moswavlem SeZlos ucxo enaze<br />
komunikacia, informaciis mo-<br />
Zieba da sakontaqto werilebis<br />
wera, _ ambobs giuli lafauri.<br />
msgavsi proeqtebi germaniis sagareo<br />
saqmeTa saministros mxardaWeriT<br />
msoflios 300-mde qveyanaSi<br />
xorcieldeba, maT Soris<br />
azerbaijansa da somxeTSic. Tumca<br />
germaneli pedagogi Tvlis,<br />
rom enis Seswavlis msurvelTa<br />
ricxvi, mezobeli qveynebisgan<br />
gansxvavebiT, saqarTveloSi ufro<br />
swrafad izrdeba.<br />
georg volteri<br />
`germanuli enis Seswavlis survili<br />
bevr moswavles aqvs, Tumca<br />
zogierTi ram CemTvis absoluturad<br />
gaugebaria. magaliTad, rogor<br />
SeiZleba, bavSvma gakveTili
N3, 2009 49<br />
gaacdinos da dabadebis dReze<br />
wavides, an ubralod, megobars<br />
Sexvdes. rodesac isini mieCvevian,<br />
rom msgavsi raRacebi gakve-<br />
Tilebis Semdeg unda gaakeTon,<br />
yvelaferi kargad iqneba~, _ ambobs<br />
jorj volteri. is profesiiT<br />
germanuli enisa da ekonomikis<br />
pedagogia. TelavSi Camosvlamde<br />
aswavlida germaniaSi, argentinasa<br />
da boliviaSi.<br />
amJamad Telavis me-9 sajaro skolis<br />
eqvsi moswavle germaniis qalaq<br />
biberaxSi samkviriani gacvliTi<br />
programiT imyofeba. paralelurad<br />
maTi eqvsi germaneli<br />
Tanatoli Telavs stumrobs. mecxre<br />
sajaro skolaSi isini mxolod<br />
germanuli enis gakveTilebs eswrebian,<br />
Tumca qarTul ojaxebSi<br />
cxovroben da Cvens tradiciebsa<br />
da RirsSesaniSnaobebs ecnobian.<br />
`Zalian kmayofili var saqarTveloSi<br />
stumrobiT. gavicani Cemi<br />
Tanatolebi, maTTan erTad Semoviare<br />
saqarTvelos mravali<br />
RirsSesaniSnavi adgili. Zalian<br />
momewona qarTuli simRerebi, cekvebi.<br />
vTvli, rom qarTuli samzareuloc<br />
garkveulwilad xelovnebis<br />
nimuSia. guli mwydeba, gamgzavrebis<br />
dro rom axlovdeba,<br />
imedia isev davbrundebi~, _<br />
ambobs Telavis biberaxeli<br />
stumari robert Sulci.<br />
Telavis mecxre skolis germanuli<br />
enis kaTedris gamge ia Cala-<br />
TaSvili aRniSnavs, rom germaneli<br />
kolegebis stumroba ukve tradiciaa<br />
da qarTvel pedagogebs sa-<br />
Sualeba aqvT, maTgan evropis skolebSi<br />
danergili mravali siaxlis<br />
Sesaxeb gaigon. `germanel<br />
kolegebTan axlo profesiuli<br />
urTierToba gvaqvs, xdeba informaciisa<br />
da gamocdilebis gacvla-gamocvla.<br />
kviraSi erTxel<br />
gvaqvs konferenciebi, sadac mTeli<br />
kviris muSaobas ganvixilavT.<br />
erTmaneTs azrebsa da STabeWdilebebs<br />
vuziarebT da Sesabamis<br />
gadawyvetilebebs viRebT~.<br />
daarsebis dRidan skolas germaniis<br />
sxvadasxva qalaqTan gacvli-<br />
Ti programebis ganxorcielebis<br />
gamocdileba aqvs. mariam leSka-<br />
Seli, Tamaz ZuliaSvili da salome<br />
yaraulaSvili im gamorCeul<br />
moswavleebs Soris arian, vinc<br />
gasuli wlis gazafxulze germaniaSi<br />
imyofebodnen. mariami da<br />
Tamazi erTi Tve biberaxSi swavlobdnen,<br />
xolo salome 10-kviriani<br />
programiT hales maxloblad<br />
mdebare patara provinciul qalaqSi<br />
iRebda ganaTlebas. isini<br />
germanul ojaxebSi cxovrobdnen<br />
da germanel moswavleebTan<br />
erTad dadiodnen skolaSi. `yvela<br />
piroba mqonda, rom Tavi Sesaferis<br />
garemoSi megrZno. Cems<br />
germanel megobrebTan erTad<br />
yoveldRe davdiodi skolaSi,<br />
sadac zustad igive movaleobebi<br />
mqonda, rac Cems iqaur klaselebs.<br />
swored es damexmara maTTan<br />
urTierTobaSi. isini xedavdnen,<br />
rom me gamonaklisi ar viyavi da<br />
arc raime gansakuTrebuli privilegiiT<br />
vsargeblobdi. SabaTkviras<br />
eqskursiebze davdiodiT.<br />
movinaxuleT germaniis ramdenime<br />
qalaqi. germanul kulturas<br />
gavecani da enis Seswavlis mxriv<br />
seriozuli praqtika gaviare~, _<br />
ixsenebs salome yaraulaSvili.<br />
Telavi da germaniis qalaqi biberaxi<br />
19 wlis win damegobrdnen.<br />
kaxeTis skolebSi germanuli enis<br />
swavlebis ideac maSin gaCnda. TelavSi<br />
germanulenovani skola gaixsna.<br />
gadawyvetilebas imdroindeli<br />
ganaTlebis ministris moadgile<br />
kote gabaSvili awerda xels.<br />
profesiuli saswavleblis sami<br />
oTaxi, sadac naCuqari inventari<br />
moaTavses, TviTon moswavleebma<br />
gaaremontes da Senobis Zveli kedlebic<br />
Tavadve SeRebes. skolis direqtoris<br />
nana TvaliaSvilis TqmiT,<br />
imdenad didi iyo germanulenovan<br />
skolaSi siarulis survili,<br />
rom cudi pirobebis miuxedavad,<br />
mSoblebs Svilebis sxva saswavlebelSi<br />
gadayvana arc ufiqriaT.<br />
ori wlis ganmavlobaSi skola<br />
swored am SenobaSi funqcionirebda,<br />
Tumca mogvianebiT mas rusuli<br />
skolis avariuli nageboba<br />
gadaeca, romlis restavracia isev<br />
germaneli da avstrieli megobrebis<br />
mxardaWeriT moxerxda.<br />
2006 wels, proeqt `iakob gogebaSvilis~<br />
farglebSi, mas reabilitacia<br />
Cautarda, moewyo xelovnursafariani<br />
sportuli<br />
moedani, mogvarda gaTbobis<br />
problemac.
50<br />
pasuxebi<br />
Tqvens SekiTxvebze<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris<br />
iniciativiT Sedga samuSao Sexvedrebi<br />
maTematikisa da ucxouri enebis maswavleblebTan.<br />
profesiuli standartisa da sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdis Sinaarsisa da formatis ganxilvis mizniT<br />
Tbilissa da saqarTvelos regionebSi Catarebul<br />
SexvedrebSi 1150-mde maswavlebeli monawileobda. ucxouri<br />
enebis pedagogebis SekiTxvebs gamocdebis erovnuli centris,<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegmebisa da Sefasebis centrisa da<br />
maswavlebelTa profesiuli ganviTarebis centris eqspertebi<br />
pasuxobdnen (Jurnalis Semdeg nomerSi ixileT pasuxebi<br />
maTematikis maswavleblebis SekiTxvebze).<br />
gaqvT SekiTxva _ mogvwereT: info@tpdc.ge<br />
ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standarti ucxour enebSi<br />
moicavs rogorc dawyebiT, aseve sabazo da saSualo<br />
safexurs. ra saxis sertifikati iqneba ucxouri<br />
enebis maswavlebelTaTvis<br />
guliko ServaSiZe, baTumis 16-e sajaro skola<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdis warmatebiT Cabarebis SemTxvevaSi ucxouri<br />
enebis maswavleblebi miiReben rogorc dawyebiT, aseve sabazo da<br />
saSualo safexurze swavlebis uflebas da Sesabamis sertifikats.<br />
rusuli enisa da literaturis im maswavleblebisTvis,<br />
romlebic Tavisuflad ver floben qarTul enas,<br />
Znelia, qarTulad gascen pasuxi sasertifikacio<br />
gamocdis meore, meTodur nawils. rogor CavabaroT<br />
aseTma maswavleblebma meToduri nawili<br />
Tamar SCerbakova,<br />
sof.gldanis sajaro skola, mcxeTa<br />
sagamocdo testebSi mocemuloba/SekiTxvebi qarTul enaze iqneba<br />
dasmuli, rusuli enisa da literaturis pedagogebs saSualeba<br />
miecemaT, meTodur nawils, survilis SemTxvevaSi, pasuxebi gascen<br />
rusul enaze.<br />
arsebobs skolebi,<br />
romlebSic ucxo<br />
enad aswavlian Turquls,<br />
espanurs an<br />
italiurs. am enebisaTvis<br />
ar arsebobs<br />
maswavleblis<br />
standarti. rogor<br />
unda gaxdes am<br />
enebis maswavlebli<br />
sertificirebuli<br />
Tamuna popiaSvili,<br />
Tbilisis 181-e sajaro skola<br />
maswavleblis profesiuli standarti<br />
aRniSnuli enebisaTvis<br />
(espanuri, Turquli, italiuri<br />
da sxva) ar arsebobs, radgan<br />
jer ar Seqmnila am enebisaTvis<br />
erovnuli saswavlo gegma. ucxo<br />
enebSi sertificireba am etapze<br />
dagegmilia mxolod rusuli,<br />
franguli, germanuli da inglisuri<br />
enebis maswavleblebisTvis.
N3, 2009 51<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdaze ra saxis mosasmeni teqsti<br />
iqneba mas mSobliur enaze mosaubre waikiTxavs Tu<br />
qarTveli rogori iqneba teqstis wakiTxvis tempi<br />
leila xaranauli,<br />
kerZo skola `rusTaveli~, rusTavi<br />
ramden saaTs<br />
gagrZeldeba<br />
gamocda iqneba Tu<br />
ara Sesveneba<br />
manana barnabiSvili,<br />
Tbilisis 82-e sajaro skola<br />
mosasmen teqsts waikiTxavs mSobliur enaze mosaubre (germanuls _<br />
germaneli, franguls _ frangi da a.S.). wakiTxvis tempi iqneba saSualo,<br />
xolo teqsti SeiZleba iyos sagazeTo statiidan an Jurnalidan<br />
amonaridi.<br />
gamocda, savarudod, 3 saaTs<br />
gagrZeldeba. iqneba 10-20 wuTi<br />
Sesvenebac gamocdis pirvel da<br />
meore nawils Soris.<br />
maswavleblis sertifikatis mosapoveblad ra gamocdebis Cabareba mouwevs maswavlebels<br />
TinaTin baCiaSvili, iyalTos sajaro skola, Telavi<br />
sertifikatis mosapoveblad maswavlebelma ori gamocda unda Caabaros: erTi gamocda<br />
bardeba profesiul unar-CvevebSi da meore gamocda _ saganSi, am SemTxvevaSi, ucxour enaSi.<br />
damxmare literatura da sasargeblo<br />
internet-resursebi ucxouri enebis maswavleblebisTvis:<br />
maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centris gamocemebi:<br />
1. maswavleblis profesiuli<br />
standarti; Tbilisi, 2008<br />
2. ganviTarebisa da swavlebis<br />
Teoriebi, damxmare saxelmZ-<br />
Rvanelo I; saqarTvelos<br />
macne, Tbilisi, 2008<br />
3. swavleba da Sefaseba,<br />
damxmare saxelmZRvanelo I I ;<br />
saqarTvelos macne 2008<br />
4. saswavlo da profesiuli<br />
garemo, damxmare saxelmZRvanelo<br />
I I I ; saqarTvelos<br />
macne, Tbilisi, 2008<br />
ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ganaTlebis<br />
specialistebisaTvis,<br />
I nawili; erovnuli saswavlo<br />
gegmebisa da Sefasebis<br />
centri Tbilisi, 2007<br />
rogor movemzadoT pedagogTa<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdebisTvis:<br />
profesiuli unarebi;<br />
gamocdebis erovnuli<br />
centri, Tbilisi, 2008<br />
rogor movemzadoT pedagogTa<br />
sasertifikacio gamocdebis-<br />
Tvis: qarTuli ena da<br />
literatura; gamocdebis<br />
erovnuli centri, Tbilisi,<br />
2008<br />
www.tpdc.ge maswavlebelTa<br />
profesiuli ganviTarebis<br />
centri<br />
www.naec.ge gamocdebis<br />
erovnuli centri<br />
www.ganatleba.org erovnuli<br />
saswavlo gegmebisa da<br />
Sefasebis centri<br />
damxmare literatura da<br />
sasargeblo internetresursebi<br />
ucxouri enebis<br />
maswavleblebisTvis<br />
ucxouri enebis swavlis, swavlebisa<br />
da Sefasebis saerTo evropuli<br />
sarekomendacio CarCo:<br />
Gemeinsamer Europaeischer<br />
Refernzrahmen fur Sprachen, Lehren,<br />
Lernen, Beurteilen, Langescheidt,<br />
Berlin, Muenchen, 2001<br />
Council of Europe. 2001. Common<br />
European Framework of Reference for<br />
Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment.<br />
Cambridge University Press.<br />
misi CamotvirTva<br />
SesaZlebelia am gverdidan:<br />
http://www.coe.int/T/E/<br />
Cultural_Cooperation/education/<br />
Languages/Language_Policy/<br />
Commonframework_of_Reference<br />
inglisuri ena<br />
(enobrivi nawili)<br />
1. Acklam, R. 2003. First Certificate<br />
Gold. Coursebook. Longman<br />
2. Blanchard,K. Roof, Ch.2004. Ready<br />
to Write More: From Paragraph to<br />
Essay. Longman<br />
3. Burgess, S.2003. First Certificate<br />
Gold, Exam Maximizer. Longman<br />
4. Cambridge First Certificate English.<br />
2001. Books 1, 2,3,4,5. Cambridge<br />
University Press<br />
5. Gordon, I .2001. Intermediate Reading<br />
Comprehension. Books 1,2,3, Macmillan
52<br />
6. Harrison, M and Kerr, R. 2001.<br />
First Certificate Language Tests.<br />
Books 1, 2. Oxford University Test<br />
7. Kenny, N. Lugue-Mortimer, L.<br />
2003. First Certificate Practice<br />
Tests Plus 1, 2. Longman<br />
8. Naunton, J. 2000. Think First<br />
Certificate. Practice Exams. Longman<br />
9. O’ Connell, S. 2001. First<br />
Certificate for the Revised Exam.<br />
Longman<br />
10. Oshima, A. Hogue, A. 1997.<br />
Introduction to Academic Writing.<br />
Longman<br />
11. Paran, A. 2003. First Certificate<br />
Gold. Practice Exams. Longman<br />
12. Swan, M. 1995. Practical English<br />
Usage<br />
13. Stephens, 1998. Practice Writing.<br />
Longman<br />
14. Murphy R. 2004. English Grammar<br />
in Use. Cambridge University Press<br />
www.CambridgeESOL/exams<br />
www.bbc.co.uk<br />
www.vocabulary.com<br />
www.learnenglish.org.uk<br />
www.english-zone.com<br />
www.in2english.com/teaching<br />
www.thenewspaper.org.uk<br />
meTodika<br />
1. Bonson, T. Marks J. 1999. Inside<br />
Teaching. Heinemann<br />
2. Head, K and Taylor P, Hill. J<br />
1997. Readings in Teacher Development,<br />
Heinemann<br />
3. Harmer, J 2001. The Practice of<br />
English Language Teaching.<br />
Longman<br />
4. Lewis, M. and Hill, J. 1993. Source<br />
book for teaching English as a<br />
Foreign Language. Heinemann<br />
5. Richards, j and Rodgers. 1999.<br />
Approaches and Methods in<br />
Language Teaching. Cambridge<br />
University Press<br />
6. Spratt, M.2002. English for the<br />
Teacher. Cambridge University Press<br />
7. Scrivener, J. 1994. Learning<br />
Teaching. Heinemann<br />
8. Spratt, M. et al. 2005. The TKT<br />
Cours. Cambridge University Press<br />
9. Tsitsishvili, R. et al. 2008. Theory<br />
and Practice of English Language<br />
Teaching in Georgia. British<br />
Council Georgia<br />
10. Ur, P. 2005. A Course in Language<br />
Teaching. Practice and Theory.<br />
Cambridge University Press<br />
www.CambridgeESOL.org/exams<br />
www.Taechingenglish.or.uk/think<br />
www.iteslj.org<br />
germanuli ena<br />
(enobrivi nawili)<br />
1. Frey. E.; Fit fuers Goethe-<br />
Zertifikat C1; Hueber Verlag,<br />
Munchen 2007<br />
2. Frey. E.; Fit fuers Goethe-<br />
Zertifikat B2; Hueber Verlag,<br />
Munchen 2007<br />
3. TestDaF; Test Deutsch als<br />
Fremdsprache, TestDaF-Institut<br />
Hagen, 2001<br />
4. Dinsel, S. Reimann, M,; Fit Fuers<br />
Zertifikat Deutsch, Hueber,<br />
Munchen 2000<br />
5. Goethe Institut; Materialien zur<br />
Zentralen Mittelstufenpruefung;<br />
Goethe-Institut, 1997<br />
6. Prufuengen DaF: Einstufungstest<br />
fur Anfanger-und<br />
Fortgeschrittenenkurse; Verlag fur<br />
Deutsch, 1994<br />
http://www.goethe.de/ins/ge/<br />
tif/deindex.htm _ goeTes<br />
instituti, tel: 93 49 85<br />
www.lehrerfreund.de _<br />
sasargeblo rCevebi<br />
maswavleblebisaTvis<br />
www.dipf.de<br />
http://www.testdaf.de/<br />
franguli ena<br />
(enobrivi nawili)<br />
1. Anatole Bloomfield, Emmanuelle<br />
Daill, Nouveau DELF B2; Livre de<br />
L’élève – 200 activités – Collection<br />
dirigée par Isabelle et Rishard<br />
Lescure; ISBN : 978-2-09-032850-<br />
9; EAN13 : 9782090328509. 2006.<br />
2. Beatrice Dupoux, Anne – Marie<br />
Havard, Maylis Martial, Reussir Le<br />
Delf : Niveau B2 du cadre<br />
europeen commun de reference (1<br />
cd audio). 2006.<br />
3. Eliane grandet; Martine Corsain<br />
– activités pour le cadre européen<br />
commun de reference B2 CLE<br />
international 2007<br />
4. Claire Miquel – Vocabulaire<br />
progressif du français, niveau<br />
avancé 1999<br />
5. Michelle Boulares – grammaire<br />
progressive du français, niveau<br />
avancé 1997<br />
meTodika<br />
1. P. Lamaillox, M.H. Amaud –<br />
fabriquer des exercices de français,<br />
Hachette 1996<br />
2. J. Courtillon – Elaborer un cours<br />
de DELF, Paris 2003<br />
3. D. Abrit – Phonetique – Techniques<br />
et pratiques de classe, CLE<br />
interanational 2007<br />
4. C. Tagliante – La classe de langue,<br />
CLE international 2006<br />
5. J. C. Beacco, S. Bouquet, R<br />
Porguier – Niveau B2 pour le<br />
français 2004<br />
6. J. C. Beacco, S. Bouquet, R<br />
Porguier – Niveau B2 pour le<br />
français, un référentiel 2004<br />
http://www.ambafrance-ge.org/<br />
EssaiSPIP/spip.phparticle985<br />
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enis informaciuli<br />
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ganaTlebis istoria<br />
N3, 2009 53<br />
dRes, anu<br />
magram istoriaSi is namdvilad<br />
moxvda.<br />
`gibrazdebodi imis gamo, rom<br />
ise ar iqceodi, rogorc adamians<br />
Seefereba. Senma amdenma buzRunma<br />
bolo momiRo, samaris karamde<br />
mimiyvana. me Sen ar gaiZulebdi,<br />
gezida lerwami. lerwmis Rerebi,<br />
romelsac bavSvebi da ymawvilebi<br />
ezidebian, Sen arasodes gizidia.<br />
arasodes miTqvams SenTvis: `gahyevi<br />
Cems qaravnebs!~ arasodes<br />
gamigzavnixar mindorSi saxnavsaTesad,<br />
arasodes gamigzavnixar<br />
mindorSi saToxarze... arasodes<br />
miTqvams SenTvis, wadi imuSave,<br />
me damexmare-meTqi!<br />
sxvebi, Senodenebi, muSaoben,<br />
mSoblebs exmarebian... TiToeul<br />
maTgans 10 guri qeri mainc mohyavs...<br />
Sen ki kaci xar marto maSin,<br />
roca sijiuteze midgeba saqme.<br />
magram maT gverdiT araferi kaci<br />
Sen ar xar. Sen ise ar Sromob,<br />
rogorc isini. maT mamebi aiZuleben<br />
iSromon, me ki Sen maTsaviT<br />
muSaobas ar gaiZulebdi~.<br />
Tu imave mkvlevarebs davujerebT,<br />
Sumeruli skola didad komfortuli<br />
namdvilad ar gaxldaT. merxebi<br />
gamomwvari agurisgan keTdeboda,<br />
bavSvebi qvebze isxdnen,<br />
Tixaze ki werdnen. dasjis meTooTxi<br />
aTasi wlis win...<br />
ras werdnen Sumeri moswavleebi Tixis firfitebze<br />
Tea Tofuria<br />
`yuri migde! kaci ara xar! nu<br />
daeyudebi moedanze, nu ixetialeb<br />
baRebSi. quCaSi rom modixar,<br />
Tvalebs aqeT-iqiT nu aceceb...<br />
usaqmod xetialiT ginda, miaRwio<br />
warmatebas aba, Tvali gadaavle<br />
wina Taobebs. girCev, skolaSi<br />
iaro, es Sen sikeTes mogitans~.<br />
wina Taobebi, romelTaTvis Tvalis<br />
gadavlebasac mama Svils<br />
sTxovda, istoriul warsulSi<br />
ikargebian. Cven maTze bevri<br />
araferi viciT, garda imisa, rom<br />
Turme isinic skolaSi dadiodnen.<br />
werili gulmosuli kacis dawerilia,<br />
visi Svilic gakveTilebs<br />
acdens da momavalze ar fiqrobs.<br />
alag-alag striqonebi ar ikiTxeba,<br />
magram imitom ara, rom gabrazebuli<br />
adamianebi werilebs<br />
gakruli xeliT weren. im dros<br />
qaRaldi saerTod ar arsebobda.<br />
werili Tixis firfitazea Sesrulebili,<br />
lursmnuli damwerlobiT.<br />
igi srulad ar ikiTxeba,<br />
radgan firfitis yvela natexi<br />
mkvlevarebma ver ipoves.<br />
moswavle, romlisadmi mimarTuli<br />
werili axla muzeumSi inaxeba,<br />
3700 wlis win cxovrobda. misi<br />
misamarTi aseTi iyo: qveyana _<br />
Sumeri, qalaqi _ savaraudod,<br />
uruqi. gaugebaria, miaRwia Tu<br />
ara am bavSvma rame warmatebas,
54<br />
di _ gajoxva. Sumerebs am procesis<br />
amsaxveli ieroglific<br />
hqondaT, joxisa da sxeulis gamosaxulebiT.<br />
amis gamo moswavleebs<br />
gakveTilze dagvianebis<br />
erTi orad eSinodaT.<br />
Sumeri moswavlis yoveldRiurobis<br />
Sesaxeb warmodgenas kidev<br />
erTi, Zlivs Sekowiwebuli firfita<br />
iZleva. teqstis avtori<br />
maswavlebelia.<br />
`_ mowafev, sad iyavi ase adre<br />
_ skolaSi<br />
_ ras akeTebdi skolaSi<br />
_ zepirad vTqvi Cemi firfita,<br />
visauzme, movamzade axali firfita,<br />
davwere da davamTavre.<br />
Semdeg momces zepiri davaleba,<br />
naSuadRevs ki _ weriTi davaleba.<br />
skolidan davbrundi Sin, saxlSi<br />
damxvda mamaCemi. me mas vuambe<br />
Cemi weriTi davalebis Sesaxeb,<br />
Semdeg zepirad vuTxari Cemi<br />
firfita, mama kmayofili darCa...<br />
roca diliT adre gaviRviZe, dedas<br />
mivmarTe: `momeci Cemi sauzme,<br />
skolaSi unda wavide!~ dedam<br />
momca ori `funTuSa~ da me gamovedi<br />
saxlidan. dedam momca ori<br />
`funTuSa~ da me wavedi skolaSi.<br />
skolaSi damrigebelma miTxra:<br />
`ratom daigviane~ SeSinebuli<br />
warvsdeqi maswavleblis winaSe da<br />
pativiscemis niSnad Tavi davxare~.<br />
teqstidan irkveva, rom moswavles<br />
Tavis daxram ar uSvela. is<br />
samma maswavlebelma dasaja,<br />
erTma _ laparakisTvis, meorem _<br />
fexze adgomisTvis, mesamem _<br />
skolis WiSkridan gasvlisTvis.<br />
garda amisa, firfitaze naweric<br />
dauwunes da gajoxes.<br />
amis Semdeg moswavlem daiwyo<br />
imaze fiqri, Tu rogor moelbo<br />
maswavleblis guli. Sumeri pedagogebis<br />
anazRaureba didi ar<br />
iyo, amitom maT Zalian siamovnebdaT<br />
saCuqrebis miReba. moswavlem<br />
mama daiyolia, maswavlebeli<br />
saxlSi miepatiJebina. is marTlac<br />
miiwvies, sapatio adgils dasves,<br />
axali samosiT Semoses da TiTze<br />
beWedic gaukeTes. rogorc Cans,<br />
maswavlebeli marTlac molba,<br />
radgan firfita gviambobs, rom<br />
mas moswavlis darigeba dauwyia:<br />
`ymawvilo, vinaidan Sen yurad<br />
giRia Cemi sityvebi da qarisTvis<br />
ar gigitanebia Cemi Segonebani,<br />
SesZleb miaRwio srulyofas...<br />
Sen kargad swavlobdi skolaSi<br />
da naswavli kacic dadeqi~.<br />
miuxedavad am Segonebisa, skolaSi<br />
swavla mainc ar iyo advili saqme.<br />
firfitebidan irkveva, rom bavSvebi<br />
rogorc ki dros ixelTebdnen,<br />
celqobdnen da gakveTilebs<br />
acdendnen. disciplinis dacva<br />
gansakuTrebiT Zneli imis gamoc<br />
iqneboda, rom Sumerul skolaSi<br />
mxolod biWebi swavlobdnen. amitom<br />
bavSvebi ormagi meTvalyureobis<br />
qveS iyvnen, maT calke<br />
maswavleblebi akontrolebdnen<br />
da calke _ mSoblebi.<br />
amgvari `kontroliT~ iwyeba zemoTxsenebuli<br />
werilic, romelic<br />
gabrazebulma mamam dawera. igi<br />
Svils ekiTxeba:<br />
` _ sad iyavi<br />
_ arsadac ar vyofilvar.<br />
_ Tu arsadac ar yofilxar, ma-<br />
Sin usaqmod ras daexetebi. wadi<br />
skolaSi, gamoecxade `skolis mamas~,<br />
mouyevi gakveTili, gaxseni<br />
Seni saskolo CanTa, dawere firfitaze...<br />
roca daamTavreb gakve-<br />
Tilis weras, aCvene damrigebels.<br />
dabrundi CemTan, nu ixetialeb<br />
quCebSi, gaige, rac giTxari<br />
_ gavige da SemiZlia yvelaferi<br />
gavimeoro.<br />
_ maSin gaimeore.<br />
_ axlave gavimeoreb.<br />
_ daiwye-meTqi! miTxari!<br />
_ Sen Tqvi, rom wavide skolaSi,<br />
movyve davaleba, gavxsna Cemi<br />
saskolo CanTa...~<br />
ai, amis Semdeg ki vkiTxulobT monologs,<br />
romelic saukuneebis<br />
win daiwera, magram mainc Tanamedroved<br />
JRers:<br />
`kerpo, jiuto, me gajavrebuli<br />
var Senze, magram vis SeuZlia<br />
marTla ganrisxdes Svilze me<br />
vesaubre Cems naTesavebs da pirvelad<br />
axla SevamCnie erTi ram,<br />
rasac aqamde ver vamCnevdi. kargad<br />
momismine, rasac axla getyvi.<br />
geSinodes maTi da iyavi frTxilad.<br />
Sen ver SeZel Segefasebina<br />
Seni kolega, visTan erTadac<br />
swavlob. ratom ar cdilob ajobo<br />
mas ecade, daemsgavso Sens<br />
ufros Zmas, ecade, daemsgavso<br />
umcros Zmas... ase daawesa adamianis<br />
bedi enlilma: dae, ganagr-<br />
Zos Svilma mamis saqme! dRedaRam<br />
Senze fiqri mtanjavs, Sen ki mTel<br />
dReebs siamovnebaTa ZiebaSi flangav.<br />
bevri simdidre daagrove,<br />
gasuqdi, gasqeldi, beWebi gagiganierda,<br />
Ronieri da mediduri<br />
Seiqeni. magram mTeli Seni sana-<br />
Tesao moTminebiT elis, rodis<br />
dagatydeba Tavs ubedureba. gauxardebaT<br />
kidec, vinaidan ar indome,<br />
adamiani gamosuliyavi...~<br />
da radgan avtori mainc mSobelia<br />
da ara skolis zedamxedveli, teqsti<br />
Svilis dalocviT mTavrdeba:<br />
`Tan gaxldes mudam nannaris,<br />
Seni RmerTis wyaloba,<br />
Tan gaxldes mudam qalRmerTis,<br />
nangalis kurTxeva!~<br />
momzadebulia wignis `istoria<br />
iwyeba Sumeridan~ (avtori: semiuel<br />
n. krameri) mixedviT
esursebi<br />
N3, 2009 55<br />
daiTvaleT varskvlavebi...<br />
gakveTilze<br />
varskvlavebiT moWedili ca, planetebi da namdvili<br />
teleskopi saswavlo procesis nawilia, Tu gakveTili<br />
namdvil planetariumSi tardeba<br />
bela CekuriSvili<br />
`araferi maocebs ise, rogorc<br />
varskvlavebiani ca Cems zemoT da<br />
sindisis xma Cems gulSi~, _ emanuel<br />
kantis es gamonaTqvami me-10<br />
sajaro skolis me-6 klaselebma<br />
jer ar ician da arc kantis saxeli<br />
smeniaT, magram Tbilisis moswavleTa<br />
sasaxlis planetariumSi<br />
varskvlavebiT moWedili cis danaxva<br />
maTSic uamrav kiTxvas badebs.<br />
`mze rom Cadis da ferad-feradi<br />
sxivebi warmoiqmneba, im sxivebs<br />
ra iwvevs SeiZleba dedamiwa rom<br />
orbitas moswydes Savi xvreli<br />
rogoria sxva planetebze namdvilad<br />
ar aris sicocxle maias<br />
tomebs rom sjerodaT ucxoplanetelebis<br />
arsebobis..~<br />
bavSvebi varsklavebiT moWedil<br />
cas Sehyureben. amgvari cis naxva<br />
mxolod umTvaro, mowmendil<br />
Rames SeiZleba soflad, an mTa-<br />
Si. aq yvela varskvlavi Cans, romelTa<br />
danaxva SeuiaraRebeli<br />
TvaliT aris SesaZlebeli. aseTi<br />
sul sami aTasia. ciala maswavlebeli<br />
gvixnis, rom maT Soris 25<br />
mcire planetas qarTuli saxelebi<br />
hqvia: Tamar mefe, daviT<br />
aRmaSenebli, lado gudiaSvili,<br />
evgeni xaraZe, abasTumani. es saxelebi<br />
varskvlavebs ucxoelma<br />
astronomebma daarqves.<br />
CrdiloeT polusze varT da mzis<br />
da varskvlavebis moZraobas<br />
vakvirdebiT, mere ekvatorze<br />
vimyofebiT da Tanavarskvlavedebs<br />
viTvliT.<br />
darbazSi `Cakrulo~ ismis da kosmosur<br />
xomald `voiajeriT~ moswavleebi<br />
Ria kosmosSi mihqrian.<br />
maT ciala maswavlebeli uxsnis,<br />
rom 1978 wels gaSvebuli amerikuli<br />
xomaldi `voiajeri~ dResac<br />
mifrinavs da Tu igi odesme iseT<br />
planetaze daeSveba, sadac adamianebis<br />
msgavsi arsebebi cxovroben,<br />
isini magnitur firze<br />
Caweril msoflio klasikosebis<br />
nawarmoebebTan erTad qarTul<br />
`Cakrulosac~ moismenen.
56<br />
rogori egonaT dedamiwa Zvel<br />
babilonelebs wyalSi mdgar<br />
svetebze damagrebuli dedamiwisa<br />
da mis Tavze gadaWimuli brolis<br />
TaRis sanaxavad ciala maswavlebeli<br />
ukve diapozitivebs<br />
iyenebs da bavSvebic adamianTa<br />
warmodgenebis evolucias mihyvebian:<br />
spiloze dasmuli dedamiwa,<br />
aristoteles pirveli aRmoCena<br />
da misi cnobili sityvebi:<br />
radgan mTvareze dedamiwis<br />
Crdili mrgvalia, dedamiwac<br />
mrgvali iqnebao. Semdeg ciala<br />
maswavlebeli WeSmaritebis ZiebisaTvis<br />
dasjil mecnierebze mouTxobs<br />
bavSvebs: aristarqe<br />
ramiselze, nikoloz koperniksa<br />
da jordano brunoze, romelmac<br />
sxva planetaze sicocxlis<br />
arseboba dauSva.<br />
`mere masw, arsebobs~ _ SekiTxvac<br />
ar agvianebs da ciala maswavlebeli<br />
CvenTan yvelaze axlos myof<br />
andromedas galaqtikaze iwyebs<br />
saubars, romlamde sinaTlis<br />
sxivis miRwevasac 2 milioni<br />
weli sWirdeba.<br />
ra icodnen qarTvelebma kosmosis<br />
Sesaxeb ciala maswavlebeli<br />
`vefxistyaosnis~ im strofebs<br />
kiTxulobs, sadac avTandili 7<br />
planetas mimarTavs da mzis mizidulobis<br />
Zalas axsenebs. meeqvseklaselebma<br />
es strofebi jer<br />
ar ician, magram winaparTa ganswavlulobiT<br />
aSkarad moxiblulni<br />
rCebian: `SoTa rusTavelma<br />
icoda, rom dedamiwa brunavda!~<br />
_ erTxmad askvnian.<br />
mere diapozitivebis daxmarebiT<br />
planetebis aRlumi iwyeba da<br />
yvelani warmosaxviT kosmosur<br />
xomaldebSi vsxdebiT, nil armstrongTan<br />
erTad mTvareze gadavdivarT<br />
da hablis teleskopiT<br />
foto-suraTebs viRebT. ramdenime<br />
wuTSi ukve kometebsa da<br />
kudian varskvlavebze iwyeba<br />
`Woraoba~: `2062 wels dedamiwas<br />
haleis kometa mouaxlovdeba.<br />
Zalian kaSkaSa kometaa da Tu<br />
Cvenamde daSlili saxiT moaRwevs,<br />
maSin SesaZloa Tqven varskvlavebis<br />
wvima ixiloT. kometis nar-<br />
Cenebi atmosferoSi gaifanteba.<br />
Tu ase ar moxda, maSin kaSkaSa<br />
kometa Caivlis da es ori kviris<br />
manZilze gagarZeldeba~, _ ambobs<br />
ciala maswavlebeli.<br />
bavSvebi iZabebian, roca saubari<br />
dedamiwaze sicocxlis gadarCenas<br />
exeba: `aCqardeba mze~ _ kiTxuloben<br />
cota ar iyos SeSinebulebi.<br />
`samyaroSi wesrigia da kosmosic<br />
wesrigs niSnavs~, _ ambobs ciala<br />
maswavlebeli da bavSvebs aimedebs:<br />
`samyaro gaCerebuli ar<br />
aris, yvelaferi moZraobs, ibadeba,<br />
viTardeba da kvdeba. varskvlavebic<br />
ibadebian da kvdebian,<br />
mere zogi `pulsarad~ gardaiqmneba,<br />
zogi _ `TeTr jujad~, zogic<br />
_ `Sav xvrelad~.<br />
5 miliardi wlis Semdeg mze gaibereba,<br />
gaizrdeba, yvelafers<br />
dafaravs da Caylapavs. misi masa<br />
mTlianad nisleuls Seqmnis da<br />
bolos afeTqdeba. afeTqebis Sedegad<br />
mis centrSi patara, Zalian<br />
kaSkaSa varskvlavi gaCndeba... da<br />
mze iqneba ukve `TeTri juja~.<br />
magram manamde 5 miliardi weli<br />
unda gavides... Tqven nu geSiniaT~...<br />
ceisis aparatis `mcire planetariumi~<br />
Tbilisis moswavleTa sasaxleSi<br />
1965 wels daidga. ciala<br />
feraZe ki am kabinetSi 1969 wlidan<br />
muSaobs. maSin `planetariumis~<br />
mizani moswavleTa Soris<br />
astronomiis miRwevebis popularizacia<br />
iyo. amgvari mowyobiloba<br />
sabWoTa kavSirSi mxolod<br />
moskovis pionerTa sasaxles<br />
hqonda. Tbilisis `planetariums~<br />
abasTumnis observatoria uwevda<br />
zedamxedvelobas da is uamravi<br />
sademonstracio aRWurviloba,<br />
rasac am kabinetSi naxavT, akademikos<br />
evgeni xaraZis naCuqaria.<br />
saleqcio darbazSi 40-50 bavSvi<br />
eteva. zogjer adgili rom ar<br />
aris, ciala maswavlebeli patarebs<br />
Taroebzec Camosvams<br />
xolme.<br />
astronomiis kabineti skolebis<br />
moTxovnis Sesabamisad muSaobs _<br />
imis mixedviT, romeli skola rodis<br />
gadawyvets leqciis mosmenas.<br />
planetriumSi xSirad modian<br />
bunebis, geografiisa da fizikis<br />
maswavleblebi moswavleebTan<br />
erTad. leqcia erT akademiur<br />
saaTs grZeldeba.