Manejo de Plantas Daninhas na Cultura do Amendoim - IAC

2
F.S. Kasai e R. Deuber
ABSTRACT
WEED CONTROL IN PEANUT CROPS IN THE SATE OF
SÃO PAULO
Aiming to offer a technical contribution to the peanut crop a survey of the
state of art of weed management was done, with emphasis for the State of São
Paulo. This state is the main peanut grower in Brazil, with 80 thousand ha cultivated
and a mean productivity of 2.300 kg ha -1 . Today prostrated and erect cultivars are
planted in this region. The weed competition is a very important factor of yield
reduction, because weed control is difficult in this crop. There are many different
weed species occurring in peanut crops, and some are very aggressive. The critic
competition period is about 50 days and the crop should be weed free during this
time. Several weed control methods may be used in peanut crops: preventive,
hand hoeing, mechanical, crop management, rotation, multicroping and chemical.
There are very few herbicides registered for peanuts in Brazil: alachlor (PRE),
imazapic (PRE and POS) and trifluralin (PPI). Recent research with non registered
herbicides has shown great efficacy in weed control and crop tolerance with
metolachlor-S (PRE), fluazifop-p-butil (POS) and flumioxazin (PRE and POS). Other
compounds, as bentazon (POS), flumetsulan (PPI and PRE), imazethapyr (POS),
acifluorfen-sodium (POS), fomesafen (POS) pendimethalin (PPI and PRE) and
fenoxaprop-p-etil (POS), have shown a great potential for use in this crop.
Combining applications of herbicides in PRE or PPI with others products in POS,
have been an effective practice in maintaining the crop weed free up to the
harvest. It is highly recommended to make combinations of two or more different
weed control methods, in order to obtain effective and economic results.
Key words: Arachis hypogaea, weed control methods, herbicides.
1. INTRODUÇÃO
O objetivo do agricultor é manter a lavoura livre de mato, com boas
condições sanitárias, até o momento da colheita, para obtenção de boa produção
de amendoim, em quantidade e qualidade. Mato ou planta daninha é um conceito
criado pelo homem para designar plantas que crescem em áreas de culturas,
onde não são desejadas, ou que direta ou indiretamente prejudicam determinada
atividade humana como, por exemplo, plantas tóxicas em pastagens.
Boletim técnico, 207, IAC, 2011