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298 A. R. GHIDINI ET AL. months (≈ 600,000 org.m -3 ). In October/2002, abundance of that species decreased progressively until its absence in March and April/2003. Moina minuta higher densities were found in May/2002 (≈ 55,000 org.m -3 ), and population declined in August and September/2002. A peak of Ceriodaphnia cornuta was observed in October/2002 (≈ 60,000 org.m -3 ). Table II. Recorded species at Iraí Reservoir, relative abundances (Ab %), and frequency of occurrence (Fr %) in the samples, from March/2002 to July/2004. Taxa Ab% Fr% Taxa Ab% Fr% Bosminidae Ilyocryptidae Bosmina hagmanni Stingelin, 1904 65.4 94.1 Ilyocryptus spinifer Herrick, 1882
Distribution of planktonic cladocerans of a shallow eutrophic reservoir 299 Inside Iraí Reservoir, B. hagmanni population densities were, generally, slightly higher in stations 1 and 3, located in the left and right margins of the dam, while C. cornuta was more abundant at station 5, followed by stations 1 and 3. Some larger species, like D. birgei, presented elevated maximum abundances in stations 4 and 5, and D. gessneri in station 6 (Fig. 3). It was not detected any significant difference between total and species abundance among sampling stations (H = 4.54, p = 0.60, Z = p > 0.05). Significative Spearman correlation (R) between dominant cladocerans abundance and phytoplankton densities showed positive correlation with two Ceriodaphnia and two Chydoridae species with densities of Microcystis aeruginosa, one of the most abundant Cyanobacteria present in the reservoir in this study. There were no positive correlations between cladocerans and the other algae genera (β = p > 0.05) (Table III). Figure 3. Spatial distribution of some cladocerans species inside Iraí Reservoir. Dark paths represent higher mean abundances from March/2002 to July/2003. For localization of stations sampling, see Figure 1. Table III. Significative Spearman correlations between cladocerans and phytoplankton considering the mean population density during the studied period (p 0.05). Results from Factor Analysis (Factor 1: 31.59%, Factor 2: 22.10%) indicated a close relation between cladoceran abundance and mean pluviosity (Fig. 4). Slightly correlation among Cladocera with phytoplankton and turbidity in the second factor were observed. The pluviometric means at Iraí Reservoir region showed an increase in rainfall episodes in September/2002, indicating the beginning of rainy period (Fig. 5). In the same month, the peak of B. hagmanni density was observed in station 2, calling attention a peak in phytoplankton abundance one month before (August/2002). In dry period of 2002 (May from August) were recorded a decrease in the pluviometric indexes, as to April to June of 2003, when cladocerans abundances were also low, except in May/2003. Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences (2009), 4(3): 294-305
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