Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia - Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia

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542 Luiza Angelini Leal Domingues e Marcos Rodrigues Costa, L.M. e M. Rodrigues (2007) Novo registro de nidificação do beija-flor-de-gravata-verde Augastes scutatus estende período reprodutivo da espécie. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 15:131‐134. Davies, N.B. (1978) Ecological questions about territorial behaviour, p. 317‐350. Em: J. R. Krebs e N.B. Davies (eds.), Behavioural Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. Giulietti, A.M., N.A. Menezes, J.R. Pirani, M. Meguro e M.G.L. Vanderley (1987) Flora da Serra do Cipó: caracterização e lista de espécies. Bol. Bot 9:1‐151. Hanowski, J., N. Danz, J. Lind e G. Niemi. (2002) Breeding bird response to riparian forest harvest and harvest equipment. Forest Ecology and Management 174:315‐328. Hinde, R.A. (1956) The biological significance of the territories of birds. Ibis 98:340‐369. Isler, M.L e P.R. Isler (1987) The tanagers: natural history, distribution, and identification. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press. Moynihan, M. (1962) Display patterns of tropical american “nine-primaried” songbirds. Auk 79:655‐686. Munn, C. e J.W. Terborgh (1979) Multi-species territoriality in neo-tropical foraging flocks. Condor 81:338‐347. Noble, G.K. (1939) The role of dominance in the life of birds. Auk 56:263‐273. Odum, E.P. e E.J. Kuenzler (1955) Measurement of territory size and home range size in birds. Auk 72:128‐137. Pasinelli, G., J. Hegelbach e H.U. Reyer (2001) Spacing behavior of the middle spotted wood-pecker in central Europe. J. Wild. Manag. 65:432‐441. Pitelka, F.A. (1959) Numbers, breeding schedule, and territory in pectoral sandpipers of Northen Alaska. Condor 61:233‐264. Powell, R.A. (2000) Animal Home Ranges and Territories and Home Range Estimators, p. 442‐453. Em: Boitani, L e Fuller, T.K. (eds.), Research Techniques in Animal Ecology Controversies and Consequences. New York: Columbia University Press, Ribeiro, B.A., M.F. Goulart e M.A. Marini (2002) Aspectos da territorialidade de Knipolegus lophotes (Tyrannidae: Fluvicolinae) em seu período reprodutivo. Ararajuba 10:231‐235. Ribeiro, K.T. e G.W. Fernandes (2000) Patterns of abundance of a narrow endemic species in a tropical and infertile montane habitat. Plant Ecol. 147:205‐218. Riviera, J.H.V., W.J. Mcshea e J.H. Rappole (2003) Comparison of breeding and postbreeding movements and habitat requirements for the Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea) in Virginia. Auk 120:632‐644. Roberts, C. e C.J. Norment (1999) Effects of plot size and habitat characteristics on breeding success of Scarlet Tanager. Auk 116:73‐82. Rodrigues, M. (1996) Song activity in the chiffchaff: mateguarding or territory defence Anim. Behav. 51:709‐716. Rodrigues, M. (1998) No relationship between territory size and the risk of cuckoldry in birds. Anim. Behav. 55:915‐923. Rodrigues, M., L.A. Carrara, L.P. Faria e H.B. Gomes (2005) Aves do Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó: o Vale do Rio Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rev. Brasil. Zool. 22:326‐338. Rodrigues, M. e L.M. Costa. (2006) Diversidade e conservação de aves na Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais. Atualidade Ornitológicas 14:28‐30. Shy, E. (1984) Habitat shift and geographical variation in North American tanagers (Thraupinae: Piranga). Oecologia 63:281‐285. StatSoft, Inc. (2004) Statistica (data analysis software system). version 7. http://www.statsoft.com. Stutchbury, B.J. e E.S. Morton (2001) Behavioral Ecology of Tropical Birds. San Diego: Academic Press. Vanderwerf, E.A. (1998) Breeding Biology and Territoriality of the Hawaii Creeper. Condor 100: 541‐545. Willis, E.O. (1960) Voice, courtship, and territorial behavior of ant-tanagers in British Honduras. Condor 62:73‐87. Willis, E.O. (1966) Ecology and behavior of the Crested Ant- Tanager. Condor 68:56‐71. Whiting, M.J. (1999) When to be neighbourly: Differential agonistic responses in the lizard Platysaurus broadleyi. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 46:210‐214. Zar, J. (1999) Biostatistical Analysis. New Jersy: Prentice Hall.
ARTIGO Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 15(4):543-550 dezembro de 2007 The albatrosses of the genus Diomedea Linnaeus, 1758 (Procellariiformes: Diomedeidae) in Brazil Francisco Voeroes Dénes 1 , Caio José Carlos 2 and Luís Fábio Silveira 1,3 1. Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, 05422‐970, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. E‐mail: fvdenes@gmail.com 2. Laboratório de Elasmobrânquios e Aves Marinhas, Departamento de Oceanografia, Fundação Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Caixa Postal 474, 96201‐900, Rio Grande, RS, Brasil. E‐mail: cjcarlos@bol.com.br 3. E‐mail: lfsilvei@usp.br Recebido em 20 de novembro de 2006; aceito em 15 de setembro de 2007. Resumo: Os albatrozes do gênero Diomedea Linnaeus, 1758 (Procellariiformes: Diomedeidae) no Brasil. Recentemente, o gênero Diomedea passou por uma série de revisões taxonômicas que resultaram na divisão de D. epomophora (lato sensu) e D. exulans (lato sensu) em seis espécies distintas, sendo D. exulans e D. dabbenena aquelas com o maior número de registros no Atlântico Sul. As medidas de exemplares anteriormente identificados como D. exulans de três coleções brasileiras foram analisadas através de função discriminante disponível na literatura recente. Verificouse que sete dos 15 espécimes estudados são na realidade D. dabbenena. Um crânio de D. exulans também foi reidentificado como, muito provavelmente, Thalassarche cauta (lato sensu). A reidentificação desses exemplares concorda com trabalhos recentes, que indicam que D. dabbenena é freqüente em águas brasileiras. Caracteres morfométricos devem ser utilizados para a identificação de espécimes em museus e de aves capturadas pela pesca com espinhel. Isso trará informações detalhadas sobre sua distribuição espaço-temporal e sobre o real impacto das atividades pesqueiras. Palavras-chave: Procellariiformes, Diomedea exulans, Diomedea dabbenena, albatroz-errante, albatroz-de-tristão, Brasil, taxonomia, conservação. Abstract: Recently, the genus Diomedea has undergone several taxonomic changes, resulting in the split of D. exulans (lato sensu) and D. epomophora (lato sensu) into six different species. Of these, D. exulans and D. dabbenena are the most common in the South Atlantic. The measurements of specimens originally identified as D. exulans from three Brazilian collections, were applied in the discriminat functions avaliable in the literature. We concluded that seven of the 15 specimens refer to D. dabbenena. We confirm the original identification of an old specimen (currently identified as D. exulans) at MZUSP as D. epomophora. One skull of D. exulans was also re-identified as being a likely “Shy Albatross” Thalassarche cauta (lato sensu). Our data support the view that D. dabbenena is as common off Brazil as D. exulans. Morphometric characters should be used for the identification of museum specimens and of birds killed on long-lines, thus providing detailed information on spatial and temporal distribution of both species, and on the true impact of fishing operations. Key-words: Procellariiformes, Diomedea exulans, Diomedea dabbenena, Wandering Albatross, Tristan Albatross, Brazil, taxonomy, conservation. Since the study of Alexander et al. (1965), only two genera of albatrosses (Diomedeidae) have been traditionally recognized: Diomedea Linnaeus, 1758 and Phoebetria Reichenbach, 1852. However, recent molecular studies (Nunn et al. 1996, Nunn and Stanley 1998, Robertson and Nunn 1998) introduced radical changes by increasing the number of species from 14 to 24, and placing them into four genera, namely, Diomedea (great albatrosses), Thalassarche Reichenbach, 1852 (southern mollymawks), Phoebastria Reichenbach, 1852 (North- Pacific albatrosses) and Phoebetria (sooty-albatrosses). The great albatrosses have been strongly affected by these revisions, expanding from three species (Wandering D. exulans Linnaeus, 1758, Royal D. epomophora Lesson, 1825, and Amsterdam Albatrosses D. amsterdamensis Roux et al. 1983) to six, with two of “Royal” (D. epomophora and D. sanfordi Murphy, 1917) and four of “Wandering” Albatrosses (D. exulans, D. dabbenena Mathews, 1929, D. gibsoni Robertson and Warham, 1992 and D. antipodensis Robertson and Warham, 1992) (Nunn and Stanley 1998, Robertson and Nunn 1998). Recoveries of ringed birds and/or measurements of specimens incidentally captured by long-lines or found dead on beaches (Croxall and Prince 1990, Grantsau 1995, Neves and Olmos 2001, Ryan et al. 2001, Olmos 2002a), confirm that both D. exulans from the South Georgia Islands and D. dabbenena from Gough and Inaccessible Islands (Tristan da Cunha group), occur in Brazilian waters. At sea identification at the species level of birds within the “Wandering Albatross complex” is difficult, if not impossible (Ryan 2000). In the hand, D. dabbenena is known to be smaller than D. exulans, especially in bill length (Murphy 1936, Swales 1965). More recently, Cuthbert et al. (2003) presented detailed morphometric measurements of males and females of D. exulans and of D. dabbenena. Their results are useful by allowing for the specific separation of birds killed on long-lines or stranded on the beaches along the Atlantic Ocean. Historically, D. exulans is considered more common off Brazil when compared to D. dabbenena. However, most specimens in Brazilian museums were obtained before recent taxonomic revisions. This study provides the re-identification of specimens from Brazilian museums based on current taxonomy.
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Congressos Revista Brasileira de Or
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Adrian Eisen Rupp, Cláudia Sabrine
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