ni/jh g[;se feT

d/ d"o uZbD bZr/. ozvhnK d/ w[io/ j'D bZr gJ/. pdwkPK d/ N'b/ nzdo
pkjo uko/ pzB/, ekpi j' rJ/. jo fJB;kB sqkj sqkj eo T[fmnk.
“Bkw f;woB” dk gkyzv eoB tkb/ pV/ ;kX ;B. G/vK tKr fJZiV s[o/
fcod/ ;B ;kXK ;zsK d/. BK sK dopko ;kfjp B/ e'Jh eokwks
toskJh. Bk fe;/ “o'w o'w” jfo fXnkT[D tkb/ B/ wZ;/ dh ;zxh BZgh.
;?AeV/ whb d{o izrbh ihtB pshs eo oj/, p/nzs w[Pebk podkPs
eo oj/, r[of;ZyK (GkJh ;[Zyk f;zx, GkJh wfjskp f;zx) B/ fJj wzd
eos{s ;[Dh, s[ozs nzfwqs;o B{z ukb/ gk fdZs/. pDkJh ;ehw w[skpe
wZ;/ ozxV B{z ehs/ gkg dh eokoh ;ik fdZsh. fJj d't/A ;{ow/ “Bkw
f;woB” dk y/yD BjhA eod/ ;B. ;r'A “Bkw” dh ftXh w[skpe
ihtB fiT[A oj/ ;B.
;zB 1757 ftu nfjwdPkj d/ fJe ioB?b B/ dopko ;kfjp s/
epik eo fbnk. f;Zy gqzgoktK ns/ phVK dh p/ndph ehsh. fJ;
gkg e[eow dk gsk, id'A pkpk dhg f;zx B{z bZfrnk sK T[j nkgD/
;kEh f;zxK ;w/s, wko' wko eodk nzfwqs;o B{z uZb fgnk . nzfwqs;o
d/ pkjo ijkB ykB nkgDh c"i ;w/s, f;zxK Bkb izr bJh fsnko
p?mk ;h. d't/A pzfBnK s'A xw;kD dh bVkJh j'Jh, p/nzs f;gkjh wko/
rJ/. 11 Btzpo 1757 B{z pkpk dhg f;zx Pjhd j' rJ/. wkbk c/oB
tkb/, nzfwqs t/b/ fJe d' ti/ ikrD tkb/, “Bkw f;woB” dhnK
SfjpoK bkT[D tkb/, T[; ;w/A gzikp ftu pj[s ;B. dopko ;kfjp
dh fBZs j' ojh p/ndph t/y ;[D e/, fe;/ dk y{B Bk y"fbnk. fe;/
B"i[nkB d/ v"b/ Bk coe/. nkgD/ Xow gqsh fgnko Bk T[wfVnk.
p; “Bkw igd/” oj/. fi; ;{ow/ B{z “Bkw” dh ;wM nk rJh ;h, T[j
w?dkB ftu fBsfonk. “Bkw igD” tkb/ T[;d/ ;kEh, nZr/ tZX e/ bV/
s/ PjhdhnK gk rJ/. d[;awDK d/ nkj{ bkj rJ?.
5 cotoh 1762 B{z nfjwdPkj d[okBh dhnK c"iK Bkb f;Zy
:'fXnK dh fGnkBe izr j'Jh. e[Zg o'jhV/ fgzv d/ bkr/, d; pkoK whb
ftu fybo/ j'J/ f;ZyK B/, bk;kBh ;{owrsh dk ;p{s fdZsk. pZu/
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