Sinhala / සිංහල - Berghof Handbook for Conflict Transformation

©2006 Berghof Research Center for Constructive Conflict Management
www.berghof-handbook.net

194
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
jHdj¾;k yd ueÈy;aùï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍu
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia (Thania Paffenholz)
1' ye¢kaùu
ueÈy;aùfï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍfï § fmdÿfõ uqyqK fok m%Yak nyq;rhla uQ,sl
jYfhka tla m%Yakhla flakaø lr.kS' —l=uk ls%hdOrhl=g" l=uk Wmdh yd fuj,ï u.ska" l=uk
wjia:dfõ § .egqfï ksYaÑ; ;;a;ajhl§ ueÈy;aúh yelso˜ hkak thhs' W.;=ka iy jD;a;slhka
ueÈy;aùfï rduqjla fmkakqï lrk ;ks msgqfõ rEm igyka wÉpqjla fhdod .ksñka fï m%Yakhg
ms

fmdÿfõ .;a l, iïnkaëlrKh kHdhd;aul mig keUqre fjhs' ueÈy;ajk iEu
ls%hdOrhl=u iïnkaëlrKh wjYH jk kuqÿ lsisjl=g fyda iïnkaëlrKh lrkq ,eîug wjYH
ke;æ wfkl=;a ls%hdOrhska iu. f;dr;=re fnod yod .ekSu iïnkaOfhka úfYaIfhkau ixfõ§
jkakdjQ o" .egqï jHdj¾;kh iy iduh f.dvke.Sfï iuia; wruqK iu. iuyrúg fkd.e

196
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
úi÷ula ms

fldgqj I LPI ys oDIaáh
iduh f.dvke.Su flfrys jk LPI ys m%fõYfha uQ,sl o¾Ykh my; i|yka f,i
f.k yer ±laúh yelsh'
• l,amj;sk iduh f.dvke.Su §¾> ld,Sk ls%hdj,shla jk w;r" th w;alr
.; yelafla .egqu mj;sk iudch ;=

198
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
(i) id¾j ^Wmßu& uÜgu(
fuu uÜgu .egqï iy ls%hdOrhska ms

.egqï úYaf,aIKh flfrys jQ jvd;a úia;rd;aul m%fõY olskakg ,efnkafka mQ¾j
wk;=re weÕùfï lafIa;%fhys h' úoaj;ayq .egqï úYaf,aIK m%fõY flfrys jQ .=Kd;aul yd
m%udKd;aul jYfhka fjka fldg ols;s' Okd;aul yd RKd;aul ueÈy;aùï idOl o úYaf,aIKh
lrñka" .=Kd;aul úYaf,aIKh mqreÿ mßÈ jYfhka ksYaÑ; .egqul uQ, iy wdikak fya;= úuid
n,hs' fï wdldrfha úYaf,aIKhl jeo.;au ldrKh jkafkaa f;dr;=re /ia lsÍuhs' cd;Hka;r
iy foaYSh úfYaI{hska" ckudOH iy wka;¾cd,h" m%jD;a;s tackais wdh;k fyda .=Kd;aul
úYaf,aIKh i|yd moku imhk úµd;aul m%ldYk fj;ska f;dr;=re ,nd.; yels fõ' iyNd.S;aj
úYaf,aIKh o fhdod.; yelsh( tlaflda m¾fhaIlfhda ;u úYaf,aIKh .egqï m%foaYfhka msg;
fukau we;=

200
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
uÜgfï§ Ndú; flÍ ke;' óg m%;spdr jYfhka úfYaIs; rgj,a i|yd fuu uÜgï fofla§u
fuu l%u Ndú; lrk f,i FAST jHdmD;sh ;=< ks¾foaY flf¾'
fuu uÜgfï ueÈy;aùfï § .egqï úYaf,aIKh i|yd ksYaÑ; m%fõY .Kkdjla
bÈßm;a lrkq ,en we;' tajdhska jvd;a lemS fmfkk m%fõY folla jkafka hqo jeÿKq iudc
ms

taldnoaO PCM/ ZOPP .egqï úYaf,aIKfha m%Odk wvqmdvqj kï m%dfhda.sl jYfhka
ls%hd;aul l< yels ÈhqKq fuj,ï ysÕluhs' tfy;a fuu wjYH;dj imqrd,Su i|yd wdOdr
wdh;k m¾fhaIK ls%hdj,shla wdrïN lrñka isáhs'
2'3' Wmdh iy ld¾hNdr
jHdj¾;k yd ueÈy;aùï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍu
iajNdjfhkau oDIaáh hkq id¾:l;ajh i|yd iy;slhla fkdfõ' ueÈy;aldÍ
ls%hdOrhska ;u oDIaàka M,odhS ls%hdldÍ ueÈy;aùï Wmdhhka f,i mßj¾;kh lr .ekSfuys ,d
id¾:l úh hq;=h' Tjqkaf.a b,lal meyeÈ,sj mej;sh hq;= jk w;r" fuu b,lal imqrd
.ekSfï§ ilia flfrk Wmdhhka fjkia úh yelsjd fiau" .egqï jHdj¾;k ls%hdj,sfha §
wkqj¾;kh lr .ekSug fyda kùlrKh lr .ekSug yels úh hq;=h'
ueÈy;aùul wdrïNfha isgu ls%hdOrhska ls%hdj,sh ;=< ish N+ñldj wjfndaO
lr.; hq;=h' ndysr ls%hdOrhska msgia;rhska f,i ish N+ñldj iSñ; nj;a" wNHka;r
ls%hdOrhskag iyfhda.h fokakg iu;a jk m%udKh u; ish M,odhl;ajh r|d mj;sk
nj;a ms

202
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
ndysr j¾Ok u.ska fndfyda ÿrg fufyhjkq ±l.; yelsh' LPI wjia:djka ys§ wfkl=;a jeo.;a
ld¾hhka fkd;ld yßñka mqyqKqj jeks ksYaÑ; Wmdhka ls%hd;aul lsÍu flfrys muK blaujd
wjOdkh fhduq lf

(i) wdOdrlrefjda (
fndfyda úg wdOdrlrefjda foaYSh idu ls%hdOrhskag Rcqj iydh fkdfok kuq;a" t'
cd' wdh;kh jeks cd;Hka;r ixúOdk" rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk" foajia:dk iNd mokï lr.;a
fyda ls%hdldÍ;ajhg keUqre m¾fhaIK ixúOdk yryd wdOdr imh;s' fuu t' cd' wdh;k fyda
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk l%shd lrkafka ndysr wdOdrlrejka iy wNHka;r ls%hdOrhska w;r
fodrgqmd,hka f,i fyda myiqlï i,ikakka f,ih' fndfyda úg wNHka;r ls%hdOrhskag
fm!oa.,slj fmfkkakg isák tlu md¾Yjh ndysr rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhhs' we;a; jYfhkau"
wNHka;r ls%hdOrhskag Rcqj wdOdr lsÍug o ndysr wdOdrlrejkag mq¿jk¦ WodyrKhla jYfhka
fndfyda ngysr ;dkdm;s ld¾hd, .egqï m%foaYj, l=vd m%dfoaYSh jHdmD;sj,g uqo,a fohs' tfy;a
idudkHfhka jkafka jvd úYd, jHdmD;Ska i|yd cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk u.ska fyda
t'cd' wdh;k u.ska fyda wdOdr lsÍuhs'
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk ksis wdOdrlre iu. lghq;= lsÍu w;sYhska u
jeo.;ah' rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkfha uq,ia:dkhg iy m%Odk lghq;=j,g wjYH lrk uQ,sl
uqo,a wdOdr o ,efnk w;r" Bg wu;rj .egqï jHdj¾;khg iy iduh f.dvke.Sfï jHdmD;Skag
iïnkaO fkdjk kuHYS,S uqo,a wdOdr o ,efnk úg fuu ixúOdk fyda m¾fhaIK wdh;k
idudkHfhka jvd;a ld¾hlaIuj ls%hd;aul fõ'
WodyrKhla jYfhka wdOdrlrefjl= jYfhka hqfrdamd ix.uh w¾nqo m%foaYj, lghq;=
lrk hqfrdamSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g uqo,a wdOdr fohs' hqfrdamd ix.ufha wfYdaNk
ks,OdÍ ;ka;%hg wdfõKsl jHdl+, uqo,a mámdá iy f.ùï m%udohka" hqfrdamd ix.ufhka uqo,a
,nk rdcH fkdjk idu ixúOdkj,g foaYSh idu ck fldÜGdij, wjYH;d kuHYS,S f,i
yd ksis fõ,djg imqrd,Su w;sYhskau ÿIalr lrjhs' fndfyda úg" ;ks ;ks rdcH wdOdrlrejkag
mj;sk ;;a;ajfha wjYH;d wkqj wruqo,a imhd .ekSu jvd;a fyd¢ka l< yels fõ' wdOdrlre
iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk w;r m%udKj;a úYajdihla mj;sk úg iy fomd¾Yjhg fmdÿ
oDIaáhla we;súg fuh jvd;a ld¾hlaIu fjhs'
(ii) ndysr ls%hdOrfhda (
jHdj¾;k yd ueÈy;aùï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍu
idudkHfhka ndysr m: I ls%hdOrhska jkafka t'cd' wdh;kh" t'cd' ¥; uKav,"
hqfrdamfha wdrlaIdj iy iyfhda.S;dj i|yd jQ ixúOdkh (OSCE) jeks l,dmSh ixúOdk fyda
flaj, rdcHhkah' ndysr m: II ys fyda III ys ls%hdOrhska jkafka idudkHfhka cd;Hka;r idu
ixúOdk fukau ixj¾Ok rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk" ls%hdldÍ;ajhg keUqre m¾fhaIK wdh;k
fyda foajia:dk iNd mokï lr.;a ixúOdkhs' idudkHfhka fï ls%hdOrfhda ndysr wdOdrlrejka
iy foaYSh idu ls%hdOrhska w;r ikaksfõokhg myiqlï i,iajñka fodrgq md,hska f,i
lghq;= lr;s' Tjqka foaYSh yjq,alrejd f;dard.ekSug iy Tyqg wdOdr lsÍug WmldÍ jk
w;ru" wdOdrlrejd iu. foaYSh yjq,alrejd Rcqj iïnkaO;d meje;aùu id¾:l f,i j

204
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
Tjqkg ud¾.h wjysr lsÍug o mq¿jk' tfy;a" ixls¾K l%shd ms

jHdj¾;k yd ueÈy;aùï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍu
tjeks lKavdhï y÷kd .ekSu i|yd ueÈy;alrejl= ork W;aidyfha § úúO fuj,ï
Ndú; l< yelsh' WodyrKhla jYfhka mj;sk yd meje;sh yels lKavdhï ms

206
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
úúO jQ fuu ñksiqka tla lsÍu tys iajNdjfhkau ikaOdk.; lsÍfï wNHdihla nj Tmamq úh'
lKavdhï f.dvke.Sug iuyrúg jevuq¿ meje;aùu u.ska myiqlï ie,fik nj LPI ;jÿrg;a
fidhd.;af;ah' WodyrK jYfhka 1999 § ðnqáys /ia ù zfidaud,s wdKavqjZ f.dvke.+
ksfhdað;hskaf.ka ishhg mkylg jeä msßila LPI úiska mqyqKq lrk ,oaojqkah hk ldrKh
u.ska olakg ,enqKq mßÈ" fuu m%fõYfha úYd,u ch.%yKh jQfha fuu ls%hdOrhskaf.ka fndfyda
fofkl= id¾:l f,i n, .ekajqKq njhs'
2'5 ld,h ksYaph lsÍu (
§¾>-ld,Sk kshqla;sh iy m%ia;d fodrgqj, wjYH;dj
ueÈy;aùfï ld,h ksYaph lsÍu ms

j;auka idu ueÈy;aùï ms

208
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
ls%hdj,shla ia:dms; lsÍug fudieïìlays we;=

jHdj¾;k yd ueÈy;aùï ls%hdj,s ie,iqï lsÍu
tjeks mqoa.,hska fidhd .ekSu i|yd lafIa;% ks,OdÍka n|jd .ekSfï ukd ls%hdj,shla
w;HjYHh' wfmalaIlhska" ish wNsm%dhhka" lemùï" w;a±lSu" wOHdmkh iy mqyqKqj" l=i,;d
iy iqÿiqlï ms

210
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
h;a" lKavdhula ;=< mqoa., ÿ¾j,;d ys,õ l< yels ksidh' iqmsß ldka;dj fyda iqmsß ñksid
fidhkjdg jvd isysk lKavdhu fidhd.ekSu ksjerÈ m%fõYh fia fmfka' fndfyda wjia:dj,§
n|jd .ekSu jD;a;sh iqÿiqlï flfrys muK blaujd wjOdkh fhduq lrhs¦ fndfyda ixúOdkj,
fm

;ukaf.a wruqKq i|yd fhdod.ekSug W;aidy lrkq we;' m: I, II iy III ys ls%hdOrhska M,odhS
f,i iyfhda.S jkafka kï wod< N+ñld iy p¾hd ms

212
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
h

WodyrKhla jYfhka" .egqï mj;sk m%foaYj, isú,a iudc n, .ekaùfï mqyqKq
jevigyka ;sridr nj ms

214
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
jevigykaj, iy jHdmD;sj, fldgila jqjo" tajd ls%hd;aul jk ls%hdj,s ;=

wjdikdjlg" fuu wNs,dI fndafyda úg iduh f.dvke.Sfï b,lalh iu. iumd; jkafka
ke;' WodyrKhla jYfhka" ;uka kshe

216
gdkshd me*kafyda,aia
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United States Institute of Peace.
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