Značenje mikrobiološke dijagnostike u infekcijama urogenitalnog ...

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Evaluation of microbiological diagnostics in urogenital infections in postmenopausal
women
Blaženka Hunjak , Zdenka Peršić
Department of Bacteriology, Croatian National Institue of Public Health
ABSTRACT
Hunjak et al Urogenitalne infekcije u postmenopauzi
Objective To establish the percentage of infections in postmenopausal women with urinary symptoms
which can be confirmed by microbiological analysis, the most common causative agents and whether
the urethra and vagina in patients with cystitis are concurrently colonized by pathogenic microorganisms.
Methods Laboratories of the Croatian National Institute of Public Health in Zagreb, in the period of two
years, analyzed 245 samples taken from patients with urinary symptoms who had been postmenopausal
at least for a year. Urine samples, as well as urethral and vaginal swabs were taken from each patient and
tested for causative agents of urogenital infections, genital mycoplasma and Chlamydia trachomatis.
Results Cystitis was confirmed by microbiological analysis in 31.4% women, urethritis in 24.8%, and
vaginitis in 15.1%. The most common causative agent of urethritis was Ureaplasma urealyticum, while
Gardnerella vaginalis was the most common in vaginal infections. E. coli was concurrently isolated
in urine, urethral and vaginal samples in 65.1% of patients with E. coli cystitis, while Streptococcus
agalactiae was isolated in urethral and vaginal samples in each patient with Streptococcus agalactiae
cystitis.
Conclusion Mucosal colonization of the urethra and vagina contributes to the incidence of cystitis in
postmenopausal women. Microbiological diagnostics is necessary to distinguish between the symptoms
of ageing of the urogenital system and infection, with a view to preventing unnecessary antibiotic therapy.
Key words: urinary tract infections, bacterial vaginosis, vaginitis, uretritis, postmenopausal women
Original submission: 28 October 2009.; Revised version: 15 December 2009; Accepted: 18 December 2009.
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