22.07.2014 Views

第一次作業練習解答(二)

第一次作業練習解答(二)

第一次作業練習解答(二)

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

ㄧ、 求 下 列 無 窮 級 數 之 斂 散 性<br />

1.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=0<br />

(-1) n<br />

n+1<br />

2.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=0<br />

( ) n+1 2<br />

-1 n<br />

(n+2)!<br />

3.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=0<br />

( ) n<br />

-1 n!<br />

(2n+1)!<br />

4.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=0<br />

(-1) n<br />

1+ n<br />

5.<br />

6.<br />

7.<br />

8.<br />

9.<br />

10.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n = 1<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n = 0<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n = 1<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=<br />

1<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=<br />

1<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

sin ( π n/2)<br />

n<br />

cosπ<br />

n<br />

n+2<br />

n<br />

(-1) ln<br />

n<br />

cosπ<br />

n<br />

n<br />

n<br />

( −1)<br />

n<br />

n!<br />

n!<br />

( 2) n<br />

n= 1 −<br />

n<br />

n<br />

=<br />

<strong>二</strong> 、 求 下 列 函 數 之 Maclaurin series? 並 求 其 收 斂 半 徑<br />

1<br />

1.<br />

1+<br />

x<br />

x<br />

2. 1 + x<br />

2<br />

3.<br />

2<br />

1−<br />

x<br />

4. ln(1 + x)<br />

−1<br />

5. tan x<br />

6. x + 1<br />

7. xsin 2x<br />

2<br />

8. sin x


Sol:<br />

1.<br />

2.<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( −1)<br />

n<br />

∞<br />

(-1)<br />

2<br />

1 1<br />

lim n +<br />

n+ n+<br />

∑ = = lim ( − 1) Q < 1故 收 斂<br />

n<br />

n=0 n+1 n→∞<br />

( − 1) n→∞<br />

n+ 2 n+<br />

2<br />

n + 1<br />

n+<br />

2 2<br />

( − 1) ( n + 1)<br />

n+1<br />

∞<br />

2 2 2<br />

(-1)<br />

n ( n + 3)! ( − 1)( n + 2n+ 1) n + 2n+<br />

1<br />

∑ =lim = lim Q < 1故 收 斂<br />

n 1 2 2 2<br />

n=0 (n+2)! n→∞<br />

+<br />

( − 1) n n→∞<br />

( n+ 3) n ( n+<br />

3) n<br />

( n + 2)!<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( − 1) ( n + 1)!<br />

n<br />

∞<br />

(-1)<br />

n! (2n<br />

+ 3)! ( − 1)( n+ 1) n+<br />

1<br />

3. ∑ =lim = lim Q < 1故 收 斂<br />

n<br />

n=0 (2n+1)! n→∞<br />

( − 1) n!<br />

n→∞<br />

(2n+ 2)(2n+ 3) (2n+ 2)(2n+<br />

3)<br />

(2n<br />

+ 1)!<br />

4.<br />

5<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( −1)<br />

n<br />

∞<br />

(-1)<br />

1 1 ( 1)(1 ) 1<br />

=lim<br />

+ n + − + n + n<br />

∑ = lim Q < 1故 收 斂<br />

n<br />

n=0 1+ n<br />

n→∞<br />

( − 1) n→∞<br />

1+ n+ 1 1+ n+<br />

1<br />

1+<br />

n<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( −1)<br />

∞ n<br />

sin ( π n/2) ( − 1) 2 3<br />

2 1 2 1<br />

lim n<br />

n+ n+<br />

= +<br />

∑ = = lim ( − 1) Q < 1故 收 斂<br />

n<br />

n 2n+ 1 n→∞<br />

( −1)<br />

n→∞<br />

2n+ 3 2n+<br />

3<br />

2n<br />

+ 1<br />

n = 1 n=<br />

0<br />

.<br />

∞<br />

sin ((n+1) π /2)<br />

ps. ∑<br />

n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5 n=6<br />

n = 0 n+1<br />

1 1 1<br />

0 - 0 0 -<br />

3 5 7<br />

∞ n<br />

(-1)<br />

∑ 零 項 次 不 加<br />

2n+1<br />

n = 0<br />

6.<br />

∞<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( −1)<br />

∞ n<br />

cosπ<br />

n ( −1) 3 ( 1)( 2) 2<br />

= lim n<br />

− n+ n+<br />

= + = lim < 1<br />

n<br />

n+2 n+ 2 n→∞<br />

( −1)<br />

n→∞<br />

( n+ 3) n+<br />

3<br />

n + 2<br />

∑ ∑ Q 故 收 斂<br />

n = 0 n=0<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( − 1) ln( n + 1)<br />

∞ n<br />

(-1) ln n ln( 1) ln( 1)<br />

7.<br />

=lim n + 1<br />

n n+ n n+<br />

∑ = lim ( − 1) Q < 1且 趨 近 於 0, 故 收 斂<br />

n<br />

n = 1 n n→∞<br />

( − 1) lnn n→∞<br />

( n+ 1)lnn n+<br />

1 lnn<br />

n<br />

8.<br />

∞<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

( −1)<br />

∞ n<br />

cosπ<br />

n ( − 1)<br />

= lim<br />

1 n<br />

=<br />

n +<br />

< 1<br />

n<br />

n<br />

n n<br />

→∞ ( − 1) n+<br />

1<br />

n<br />

∑ ∑ Q 故 收 斂<br />

n=<br />

1 n=1


n+ 1 n+<br />

1<br />

( − 1) ( n + 1)<br />

∞ n n n n<br />

( − 1) n ( n + 1)!<br />

( n+ 1) ( n+<br />

1)<br />

9. ∑ = lim = lim ( − 1) Q = e > 1( 發 散 )<br />

n n n n<br />

1 ! n ( 1)<br />

n<br />

n n →∞ n<br />

→∞<br />

=<br />

−<br />

n n<br />

n!<br />

10.<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

n=<br />

1<br />

( n + 1)!<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

n! ( −2)<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

= lim = lim > 1故 發 散<br />

n<br />

( −2) n→∞<br />

n!<br />

n→∞<br />

−2<br />

n<br />

( −2)<br />

1.<br />

∞<br />

1 1<br />

n<br />

= = ∑( −1)<br />

x<br />

+ x<br />

2<br />

1 1-(-x )<br />

2<br />

=> <<br />

n=<br />

0<br />

n+ 1 2n+<br />

2<br />

( −1)<br />

x<br />

lim < 1<br />

n→∞<br />

n 2n<br />

( −1)<br />

x<br />

x<br />

1<br />

2n<br />

2.<br />

∞<br />

x 1<br />

= x* = x∑( − 1) x = ∑( −1)<br />

x<br />

1+ x 1+<br />

x<br />

x<br />

x<br />

∞<br />

n n n n+<br />

1<br />

n= 0 n=<br />

0<br />

2n+<br />

2<br />

2<br />

lim < 1 => x < 1, 即 x < 1<br />

n→∞<br />

2n<br />

即<br />

x<br />

< 1<br />

3.<br />

2<br />

2 1<br />

= 2( ) = 2<br />

2 2<br />

1−x<br />

1−x<br />

x<br />

x<br />

n=<br />

1<br />

2n<br />

2n+<br />

2<br />

2<br />

lim < 1 => x < 1即<br />

x < 1<br />

n→∞<br />

2n<br />

∞<br />

∑<br />

x<br />

2 3<br />

∞ n<br />

x x ( −1)<br />

ln(1 + x) = x− + + .... = ∑ x<br />

2 3 n + 1<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

4. ( −1)<br />

n+<br />

2<br />

x<br />

lim n + 2 < 1, => x < 1<br />

n→∞<br />

n<br />

( −1)<br />

n+<br />

1<br />

x<br />

n + 1<br />

5. 6.<br />

3 5<br />

∞ n<br />

− 1 x x ( −1)<br />

2n+<br />

1<br />

tan x = x− + + ..... = ∑ x<br />

1<br />

3 5 n=<br />

0 2n<br />

+ 1<br />

1 1 1 1<br />

2<br />

2<br />

x+ 1 = (1 + x) = 1 + x+ ( )( − 1) x + ..<br />

2n+<br />

3<br />

x<br />

2 2! 2 2<br />

2<br />

2 3 (2n<br />

1) x<br />

lim n + +<br />

1 1 2 1 3 5 4<br />

= lim = 1 + x− x + x − x + ...<br />

n→∞<br />

2n+<br />

1<br />

x<br />

n→∞<br />

(2 n + 3)<br />

2 8 16 128<br />

2n<br />

+ 1<br />

x < 1<br />

x<br />

7.<br />

< 1, 即 x < 1<br />

z<br />

xsin 2 x令 Z = x,<br />

x=<br />

2<br />

∞ n<br />

z z ( −1) 1 ( −1)<br />

sin Z = ∑ Z = ∑ Z<br />

2 2 (2n+ 1)! 2 (2n+<br />

1)!<br />

n= 0 n=<br />

0<br />

∞ n<br />

2n+ 1 2n+<br />

2<br />

1 2n+<br />

4<br />

Z<br />

(2n<br />

+ 5)!<br />

1<br />

1<br />

Z<br />

(2n+ 3)(2n+<br />

2)<br />

(2n<br />

+ 1)!<br />

2<br />

lim = lim * < 1<br />

n→∞<br />

2n+<br />

2 n→∞<br />

收 斂 半 徑 −∞< Z


1<br />

x= − x<br />

2<br />

2 4 6<br />

x x x<br />

而 cos x = 1 − + − + ...<br />

2! 4! 6!<br />

以 2 x代 替 x<br />

2<br />

sin (1 cos 2 )<br />

2 4 6<br />

(2 x) (2 x) (2 x)<br />

cos 2x<br />

= 1 − + − + ...<br />

2! 4! 6<br />

2 4 6<br />

2 2 2 4 2 6<br />

= 1 − x + x − x + ...<br />

2! 4! 6!<br />

1<br />

x= − x<br />

2<br />

2 4 6<br />

1 2 2 2 4 2<br />

= (1 − 1 + x − x + −...)<br />

2 2! 4! 6!<br />

2 4 6<br />

1 2 2 2 4 2 6<br />

= ( x − x + x −...)<br />

2 2! 4! 6!<br />

3 5<br />

2 2 2 4 2 6<br />

= x − x + x −...<br />

2! 4! 6!<br />

收 斂 半 徑 為 −∞< z

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!