Derivati karboksilnih kiselina
Derivati karboksilnih kiselina
Derivati karboksilnih kiselina
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Hidroliza<br />
Kiselo–katalizovana<br />
Povratan proces!<br />
kisela-kataliza<br />
O<br />
RCN + H 2<br />
O<br />
H +<br />
+<br />
RCOH + NH 4<br />
nitril<br />
∆<br />
k.k.<br />
amonijum-so<br />
N<br />
C(CH 2<br />
) 4<br />
C<br />
heksanodinitril<br />
(adiponitril)<br />
N<br />
+ H 2 O<br />
H 2<br />
SO 4 +<br />
2-<br />
HOOC(CH 2 ) 4 COOH + (NH 4<br />
) 2<br />
SO 4<br />
∆<br />
heksan-di<strong>kiselina</strong><br />
(adipinska k.)<br />
Hidroliza<br />
Mehanizam kiselo-katalizovane hidrolize nitrila<br />
..<br />
R C N:<br />
+ H +<br />
+<br />
+<br />
R C N H R C<br />
..<br />
N H<br />
+ HOH ..<br />
- H + - H 2<br />
O<br />
R<br />
R<br />
.. ..<br />
+<br />
..<br />
NH<br />
NH NH 2<br />
NH 2 C +<br />
O<br />
H - H<br />
..<br />
+<br />
R C + H<br />
..<br />
+<br />
OH R C ..<br />
OH R C ..<br />
+ H + .. - H + ..<br />
OH<br />
+<br />
H<br />
imino <strong>kiselina</strong><br />
(tautomer amida)<br />
..<br />
NH 2 C ..<br />
O..<br />
amid<br />
H +<br />
H 2<br />
O<br />
+<br />
RCOOH + NH 4<br />
k.k.<br />
- H +<br />
+ H +<br />
56
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