1+2/2011 - SpoleÄnost pro pojivovÃ© tkÃ¡nÄ›

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the importance of mechanical stimulationshown when increased physical activity(running 30 minutes every other day)increases bone density in similar fashion asHRT treatment (the same figure). And bestresults are reached when both effects arecombined and even the original bone tissuedensity can be restored – Fig. 3.4. Discussion andconclusionA natural goal of modelling of a processin the human body is to help in understandingits mechanisms and ideally tohelp in the treatment of diseases relatedto this phenomenon. For this reason, moredetailed influences of various biochemicalfactors were added. Nowadays, the RANKL/RANK/OPG chain is deemed to be one ofthe most important biochemical controlsof the bone remodelli ng process. Thedirect cellular contact of osteoclast precursorwith stromal cells is needed for osteoclastogenesis.This contact is mediated bythe receptor on osteoclasts and their precursor,RANK, and ligand RANKL on osteoblasts.Osteoprotegerin binds with higheraffinity to RANK which inhibits the receptor-ligandinteraction and as a result, itreduces osteoclastogenesis. Thus, the raisein OPG concentration results in a smallernumber of resorbing osteoclasts, whichleads to higher bone tissue density. Theresults discussed in the presented workhave exactly the same behaviour. Similarly,the effects of RANKL, OPG, PTH, estradiol,and NO were added to the mentionedmodel. Consequently, diseases with theirpossible treatment were simulated. Theseresults were partially validated by clinicalstudies found in literature.However, we would not like to makean impression that the presented modelis able to simulate the bone remodellingprocess in the whole complexity. It haslimitations in the spatial precision of theresults (i.e. actual structure of bone tissue)and also some control mechanismscannot be included (e.g. TGF-β effects, aswas mentioned in Methods section). Butstill, the model can be at least consideredas a summary of known important factors,comprising the fundamental aspects of thecurrently known knowledge of the boneremodelling phenomenon, with some predictivecapabilities and encouraging predictivesimulations. Since the presentedmodel is a concentration model, it cannotbe used arbitrarily.What we believe that may require revisionor correction is the responsiveness ofbone tissue to concrete forms and lengthsDiseasePrimary hyperparathyroidismOsteoporosisSerum levels of correspondingfactors related to disease(others left unchanged)Standard serumlevels of factorsPredicted change inbone tissue as a consequenceof disease statePTH: 97 pg/ml PTH: 34 pg/ml 89.3%Estradiol: 2.5 pg/mlNitroglicerin: 45%Estradiol: 50 pg/mlNitroglicerin: 100%92.3%Table 1. Considered diseases in the presented manuscript together with serum levels of relevant factorsrelated to them as found in literature (see the text). Predicted change in amount of bone tissuebased on presented model is given in the last column.34LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM vol. 18, 2011, No. 1+2
Healthy State(100 % BT)Disuse(90.9 % BT)Disuse & running(97.7 % BT)Fig. 1: Prediction of disuse effect on bone quality – simulation of insufficient loading (halfof the recommended daily stimulation), treatment proposal – running (30 minutes everyother day), and its simulation. Notice the change of bone mass (BM) of the whole femur,especially, in the neck between head and greater and lesser trochanters. Colour representationof figures 1, 2 and 3 are on pages 157, 158 and 159POHYBOVÉ ÚSTROJÍ, ročník 18, 2011, č. 1+2 35
Page 3 and 4: POHYBOVÉ ÚSTROJÍročník 18, 201
Page 5 and 6: Osmnáctý ročník časopisu Pohyb
Page 7 and 8: KASUISTIKYStrouhal E., Kolář J.,
Page 9 and 10: Slovo čtenářům a word to reade
Page 11 and 12: Obrázek na titulní straně časop
Page 13 and 14: RTG snímky z archivu Ambulantního
Page 15 and 16: Souborné referáty reviewsVčasn
Page 17 and 18: Vzpřimovací mechanizmy z polohyna
Page 19 and 20: tomnosti či nepřítomnosti primit
Page 21 and 22: zatížení. Míra zranění může
Page 23 and 24: AIS - škála zraněníParametr zra
Page 25 and 26: kách metrů za sekundu na druhou.
Page 27 and 28: 3. Kritická vnější síla při
Page 29 and 30: (presumed to be osteoblasts) to be
Page 31 and 32: oth the above mentioned crucial con
Page 33 and 34: submits results from their own rese
Page 35: As was mentioned in the introductio
Page 39 and 40: Healthy State(100 % BT)Menopause(92
Page 41 and 42: women. The Journal of Clinical Endo
Page 43 and 44: surements. Journal of Biomechanics
Page 45 and 46: ÚvodPředpokládejme amputaci DK n
Page 47 and 48: Obr. 3. Tři polohy femuru (l 1 ) a
Page 49 and 50: ) b 1 =b 2 , e 1 =e 2c) b 2 =b 1 +s
Page 51 and 52: ZávěrUvedený algoritmus je reali
Page 53 and 54: ÚvodMálokdy se stane, aby se naš
Page 55 and 56: Obr. 5. Na bočním lehce rotované
Page 57 and 58: věncového a šípového i začát
Page 59 and 60: Obr. 16. SEM: Obdobný jev je patrn
Page 61 and 62: du lytických lézí, které obykle
Page 63 and 64: kazuistiky case reportsAMYOPLASIA
Page 65 and 66: around the elbows, at the back, lat
Page 68 and 69: Fig. 1 Enchondromatosis. 9 year-old
Page 70 and 71: vara. Importance of long observatio
Page 72 and 73: atio (CDR). Práce je úvodem do ce
Page 74 and 75: Obr. 1: RTG L ruky v AP projekci, 4
Page 76 and 77: Obr. 5a: Páteř v bočné projekci
Page 78 and 79: Obr. 7a, b: 6,5letý pacient, prodl
Page 80 and 81: Obr. 8a: 9,5letý pacient po prolon
Page 82 and 83: Klinicko-antropologický nález ve
Page 84 and 85: Obr. 11: Graf růstové křivky pac
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11. Mazurová F, Mazura I, Kuklík
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konec femuru, předloktí), BMD cel
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informace o společnosti pro pojivo
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and maintained permanently. Our rol
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na svém kontě více než 120 publ
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než devítiletou činnost v příp
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Náprstkova muzea, složky Národn
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Ve spolupráci s členy organizačn
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zprávy newsŽivotní jubileaanniv
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Profesor Ing. Miroslav Petrtýl, Dr
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jiné, patří prokázání vlivu s
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ady doktorského studijního progra
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ji uveřejněn v časopisu Acta Chi
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Nemocnice měla také malé odděle
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začali připravovat na cestu do Ve
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Ale co jsme mohly dělat? Peníze j
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jsem měla pořídit snímek. Jestl
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ozhodl, že se po návratu bude vě
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dobré podmínky, tak od toho ustou
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yly zatím nedořešené. Laborato
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směrnice autorům instructions fo
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Subject Matterof ContributionsThe j
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Pokroky ve výzkumu, diagnostice a
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ProgramZahájení 9.00 hodinpředse
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Přestávka 20 min.15.30-17.30 hodi
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již v prvním trimenonu prvního r
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a proteinu je zde nezastupitelná,
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eceptor 3 fibroblastů vážící r
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litidou a osteomyelitidou. Kožní
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k dislokaci dochází i v případe
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Vlastní pozorování skeletálníc
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tuje (pouze 4 %) (cit. 5). Podle na
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hou být nejen z hlediska ABR harmo
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Literatura1. Borský M. Vliv Konstr
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through this very chain) and mechan
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viskozity při rostoucím gradientu
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Healthy State(100 % BT)Disuse(90.9
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Healthy State(100 % BT)Menopause(92
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Ortopedická protetika Praha s.r.o.
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