ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti ...

avtoris stili daculia 

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti 

humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakulteti 

klasikuri filologia da siZveleTmcodneoba 

maia danelia 

kavkasiuri Tematika da kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebi 

valerius flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ 

filologiis doqtoris (Ph.D.) akademiuri xarisxis 

mosapoveblad warmodgenili 

d i s e r t a c i a 

samecniero xelmZRvaneli: sruli profesori rismag gordeziani 

Tbilisi 

2011

sarCevi 

Sesavali___________________________________________________________4 

I. tradicia da novatoroba_________________________________________12 

1. flakusi da misi winamorbedebi____________________________________15 

2. flakusi da apolonios rodoseli_________________________________23 

3 axali koncefcia – iupiteris samyaros gegma ______________________ 48 

4. epizodTa ganvrcobis zogierTi aspeqti_____________________________54 

4.1 iasonis mSoblebis sikvdili____________________________________-54 

4.2. hesiones ganTavisufleba_______________________________________-60 

4.3. herkulesis mier promeTes ganTavisufleba_______________________-64 

II. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli epizodebis ganvrcoba_________________-69 

1. skviTebisa da kolxebis omi_______________________________________94 

2. omis TemasTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi pasaJis 

interpretaciisaTvis ______________________________________________105 

2.1 gesanderi da iazigebis adaTi___________________________________106 

2.2. ariasmenusis danawevreba_______________________________________112 

2.3. stirusis sikvdili____________________________________________115 

3. kolxebis warmomavloba cunabula gentis Colchidos_______________________-117 

4. konfliqtSi monawile tomebi ____________________________________122 

4.1. Crd. SavizRvispireTis tomebi _________________________________-124 

4.2. sxvadasxva warmomavlobis Crdilo da das. SavizRvispireTis 

tomebi _________________________________________________________128 

4.3. Crd. kavkasieli tomebi________________________________________-132 

4.4. kaspiispireTis tomebi_________________________________________-135 

4.5. aRmosavluri warmomavlobis tomebi ____________________________136 

4.6. flakusis mier gamogonili tomebi______________________________139 

III. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis klasifikacia____________141 

1. miTologiur tradiciaSi cnobili personaJebi______________________141 

1.1. aqtiurad moqmedi figurebi_____________________________________142 

1.2. epizodurad moqmedi personaJebi _______________________________162 

1.3. naklebad aqtiuri figurebi_________________________________-___166 

2. naklebad cnobili personaJebi ___________________________________167 

3. miTologiuri tradiciisaTvis ucnobi personaJebi __________________173 

2

3.1. statistebi __________________________________________________-181 

3.2. elementarulad eqsponirebuli personaJebi______________________-184 

3.3. meorexarisxovani personaJebi___________________________________194 

IV. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis saxeldebis 

principebi_________________________________________________________198 

1. lemnoseli personaJebis saxelebi__________________________________-198 

2. kizikieli personaJebis saxelebi___________________________________199 

3. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis saxelebi___________________-202 

3.1. e. w. metyveli saxelebi_________________________________________-203 

3.2. antikur avtorebTan dadasturebuli saxelebi____________________-207 

3.3. antikuri samyaros onomastikaSi dadasturebuli 

elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi__________________________213 

3.4. Trakiuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 

Seqmnili saxelebi________________________________________________-214 

3.5. skviTuri da Crd. SavizRvispireTis onomastikuri 

elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi__________________________-215 

3.6. winaaziuri onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 


3.7. sparsuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 


3.8. egvipturi onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 


3.9. induri onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 


3.10. frigiuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 

Seqmnili saxelebi_________________________________________________223 

3.11. parTuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT 


3.12. kavkasiur samyarosTan dakavSirebuli saxelebi__________________-224 

daskvna __________________________________________________________-230 

gamoyenebuli literatura________________________________________-234 

danarTi__________________________________________________________244 

3

Sesavali 

antikur miTebsa da legendebs Soris Tavisi popularobiT da 

mxatvruli damuSavebis intensivobiT erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesia argo- 

navtebis cikli. mraval nawarmoebs Soris, romelic am ciklis lite- 

raturul interpretacias eZRvneba, antikurobaSi Tavisi mniSvnelovani 

adgili uWiravs valerius flakusis àrgonavtikas~. 1 marTalia, antikur 

samyaroSi ar dasturdeba am poemis didi popularoba, mas mxolod 

erTgzis moixseniebs kvintilianusi 2 (daaxl. ax. w. 95 w.), magram poemam aS- 

karad Tavisi kvali datova evropuli literaturis istoriaSi. 

valerius flakusTan dakavSirebuli mravali sakiTxi iwvevs dRes 

davas mecnierebaSi. Cven SegviZlia darwmunebiT vTqvaT, rom igi garda- 

icvala ax. w. 96 wlamde, 3 ekuTvnoda senatorTa wodebas da Sedioda 

qurumTa kolegiaSi quindecimvir sacris faciundis 4 . kolegiis sxva danarCen wev- 

rebTan erTad, romlebic apolonis msaxuri qurumebi iyvnen, mas 

evaleboda sibilanuri wignebis dacva da ganmarteba; aseve am wignebSi 

aRnusxuli sxvadasxva sakulto ritualebze da ucxour kultebze zeda- 

mxedveloba. poemaSi SesaZloa gamovavlinoT ramdenime qronologiuri 

orientiri: ierusalimis aReba ax. w. 70 wels jer kidev vespasianusis 

dros, aseve aRsaniSnavia miniSneba vezuviusis amofrqvevaze, rac 79 w-is 

24 agvistos moxda (Val. Flacc. 4. 507-9, Sdr. 3. 208-9). 

poema, romlis prototipi aSkarad apolonios rodoselis àrgo- 

navtika~ unda iyos, moicavs rva simReras, Tumca merve wigni Cvenamde moR- 

weulia arasruli saxiT. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mecnierebi or 

Tvalsazriss gamoTqvamen: an gangeb ar daasrula flakusma poema an ver 

moaswro misi dasruleba. 5 

1 2 

M. von Albrecht, Geschichte der römischen Literatur, München 1994 , 738-747; M. Fuhrmann, Geschichte der 

römischen Literatur, Stuttgart 1999, 308-310. 

2 

kvintilianusi aRniSnavs: àxlaxan didi danaklisi ganicades valerius flakusis 

gardacvalebis gamo~ (Quint. 10, 1, 90). 

3 

vinaidan kvintilianusi kesius basusis (Caesius Bassus) gardacvalebis Sesaxebac ambobs, 

rom es àxlaxan moxda~, Tumca igi ax. w. 79 w. gardaicvala, mkvlevarTa varaudiT, 

nakleb damajerebelia, rom flakusis sikvdili 90-ian wlebs ukavSirdebodes. 

4 

`TxuTmetTa kolegiis wevri, romelic wminda ritualebs asrulebs~: es varaudi 

efuZneba poemaSi mocemul informacias: Phoebe, mone, si Cumaeae mihi conscia vatis / stat casta 

cortina domo, si laurea digna / fronte viret (1. 5-7). 

5 

am sakiTxze dawvrilebiT vimsjelebT Cveni naSromis pirvel TavSi: tradicia da 

novatoroba. 

4

mokled poemis struqtura da Sinaarsi amgvaria: 

wigni I: poemis dasawyisSi flakusi Semweobas sTxovs apolons. 

moTxrobilia friqsusisa da heles ambavi. peliasi iasons kolxididan 

sawmisis Camotanas avalebs. minervas SemweobiT ageben argos. iuno ixmobs 

gamorCeul vaJkacebs salaSqrod. pirveli Mmas herkulesi exmaureba, rac 

qalRmerTis ukmayofilebas iwvevs. iasoni daiTanxmebs peliasis Zes 

akastuss, monawileoba miiRos laSqrobaSi. gamosamSvidobebel Rames or- 

fevsi mReris friqsusisa da heles Sesaxeb. iasoni emSvidobeba mSoblebs. 

qariSxals amSvidebs neptunusi da argonavtebi toveben iolkoss. 

wigni II: mTeli Ramis ganmavlobaSi curvis Semdeg argo miaRwevs 

kunZul lemnoss. argonavtebs umaspinZleben lemnoseli qalebi, romel- 

Tac TavianTi qmrebi dauxocavT. miniebi manamde rCebian kunZulze, vidre 

herkulesi gzis gagrZelebisken ar mouwodebs maT. troasTan herkulesi 

aTavisuflebs hesiones. gzaSi argonavtebs hele gamoecxadebaT. male 

isini moxvdebian mefe kizikusTan. 

wigni III: kizikusis kunZulidan gamgzavrebis Semdeg atexili 

qariSxlis gamo argonavtebi, ise rom arc uwyian, isev mis samefoSi 

gairiyebian. dolionebsa da argonavtebs Soris RamiT saSineli brZola 

imarTeba. sisxlismRvreli Setakebis dros iRupeba mefe kizikusi. mis 

samefos miniebi mxolod mogvianebiT cnoben. glovoben daRupulebs, 

micvalebulebs marxaven da ganwmendis ritualebs aRasruleben. 

dakarguli Tanamgzavris, hilasis saZebnelad wasul herkuless 

argonavtebi napirze toveben. 

wigni IV: wylis nimfas mier motacebuli hilasis naxva herkuless 

amSvidebs. igi axal davalebas iRebs: unda gaaTavisuflos promeTe. 

orfevsi umReris argonavtebs. Semdeg isini bebrikebis qveyanaSi mox- 

vdebian. poluqsi maT mefes, amikuss krivSi amarcxebs. moTxrobilia ios 

Sesaxeb, riTac ganmartebulia bosforosis saxelwodeba. Semdegi gaCereba 

argonavtebs finevsTan eliT. boreasis vaJebi gandevnian harpiebs da 

misans saSineli frinvelebisagan aTavisufleben. madlierebis niSnad 

finevsi winaswarmetyvelebas amcnobs da maT rCeva-darigebas aZlevs. argo 

gaivlis simplegadebs da mariandinebis qveyanas miaRwevs. 

5

wigni V: argonavtebi did danakliss ganicdian. sicocxles esalmeba 

misani idmoni da mesaWe tifisi. sinopeSi argonavtebs sami axali 

Tanamgzavri Seemateba. miniebi Cadian kolxidaSi. iuno da minerva TaT- 

biroben. aietisaken mimavali iasoni Sexvdeba medeas, romelic Ramiseuli 

sizmrebiT aris SeSfoTebuli. kolxi qalwuli iasons aswavlis 

sasaxlisken mimaval gzas. aRwerilia solis taZari, romelic mravali 

gamosaxulebiT aris Semkuli. aieti ucxoebs guliTadad iRebs, Tumca, mas 

Semdeg, rac maTi mosvlis mizezs Seityobs, cdilobs, maT dabrkolebebi 

Seuqmnas. oqros sawmisis sanacvlod iasons sTxovs, Zmis winaaRmdeg omSi 

daexmaros. marsi, iupiteri da minerva bWoben, Tu vis dauWiron mxari. 

wigni VI: marsi miwaze eSveba. kolxidaSi Zmebs Soris omi 

mimdinareobs. argonavtebi mefe aietis mxareze ibrZvian. iuno venuss 

sTxovs Semweobas, medeas Seayvaros iasoni. iuno medeas qalkiopes saxiT 

evlineba da galavnidan masTan erTad adevnebs Tvals iasonis sagmiro 

saqmeebs brZolis velze. 

wigni VII: aieti iasons axal davalebas aZlevs. man unda 

daimorCilos cecxlismfrqveveli xarebi da daamarcxos miwidan aRmoce- 

nebuli meomrebi. iuno venuss agzavnis, romelic kirkes saxes miiRebs, da 

miuZRvis medeas iasonTan. medeas daxmarebiT iasoni aRasrulebs aietis 

davalebas. 

wigni VIII: kolxi qalwulis SemweobiT iasoni moipovebs oqros 

sawmiss. argonavtebi medeasTan erTad iltvian kolxididan. absirtusis 

sardlobiT kolxebi argonavtebs daedevnebian. kunZul pevkeze iasoni da 

medea iqorwineben. kolxebi iTxoven medeas ukan dabrunebas. iuno argo- 

navtebs kvlav exmareba da saSinel grigals gamoiwvevs. mdevarTa amalaSi 

imyofeba medeas xelismTxovneli albaneli stirusic, romelic 

qariSxlis gamo zRvaSi iRupeba. iasoni fiqrobs kolxebs gadasces medea. 

iasonisa da medeas dialogiT wydeba poema. 

Tanamedrove mecnierebaSi eWvs ar iwvevs is garemoeba, rom vale- 

rius flakusi iTvaliswinebda rogorc berZnul, aseve romaul wyaroebs, 

maT Soris iseTebsac, romelnic ar amuSaveben argonavtikis cikls, razec 

ufro qvemoT Sesabamis TavSi gveqneba msjeloba, Tumca ar aris erTiano- 

6

a Tavad am nawarmoebis mniSvnelobis, poeturi Rirsebebisa Tu mizan- 

dasaxulobis sakiTxebze. 

valerius flakuss kiTxulobdnen da afasebdnen ukve antikur epo- 

qaSi. sakmarisia, davasaxeloT iseTi avtorebi, rogorebic arian staciusi, 

silius italikusi, drakonciusi. flakusis poema citirebulia Sua sauk- 

uneebis florilegiebSi. 6 mis Txzulebas icnobdnen XII-XIV ss-is cnobili 

mwerlebi: ioseb iskanusi, albertino musato, jefri Coseri, iulius 

skaligeri. aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom avtorTa damokidebuleba flakusi- 

sadmi ar iyo erTgvarovani. Tuki mecnierTa erTi nawili (leonardo 

bruni, karl biuxneri, vilamovic-molendorfi) 7 sakmaod kritikulad iyo 

ganwyobili am poemis mimarT, ufro pozitiuri iyo skaligeri, 8 aseve 

peter burmani, eneas silvius pikolomini, rom araferi vTqvaT italiel 

humanistze jambatista pioze (daaxl. 1460-1540); man ara mxolod gamosca 

valerius flakusis teqsti da Seadgina komentarebi, aramed dawera misi 

vita da e. w. damateba, sadac, apolonios rodoselze dayrdnobiT, moT- 

xrobilia flakusis poemis savaraudo dasasruli (Bologna, H. de Benedictis 

1519). 9 Tanamedrove literaturaTmcodneebidan usaTuod unda vaxsenoT 

mixael fon albrexti, romelic flakusis poemas èpikuri teqnikis~ 

triumfad miiCnevs. 10 

zogierTi mecnieri poemis pozitiurad Sefasebis safuZvelze ufro 

Sors midis da miiCnevs, rom valerius flakusis poemiT sruldeba 

antikurobaSi argonavtebis Tqmulebis damuSavebis daskvniTi etapi. 11 p. 

dregeri argonavtTa Tqmulebis damuSavebis oTx ZiriTad versias gamo- 

yofs. pirobiTad, dayofis principi, am SemTxvevaSi, iTvaliswinebs Semdeg 

garemoebas, Tu kerZod romel RmerTs (an qalRmerTs) aqvs wamyvani fun- 

qcia nawarmoebis siuJetis ganviTarebaSi. Sesabamisad, am princips, 

germaneli mecnieris gaTvaliswinebiT, SeiZleba vuwodoT qeo;~ ai[tio~-is 

6 

B. L. Ullman, Valerius Flaccus in the mediaeval Florilegia, CPh 26, 1931, 21-30; W. W. Ehlers, Untersuchungen 

zur handschriftlichen Überlieferung der Argonautica des C. Valerius Flaccus, Zetemata 52, München 1970, 108. 

7 

U. v. Wilamowitz-Mölendorff, Hellenistische Dichtung II, Berlin 1924, 165. 

8 

Julius Caesar Scaliger, Poetices libri septem. Ad Sylvium filium, Lyon 1561, 323. 

9 

J. Rieker, Das Supplement des Johannes Baptista Pius Bononiensis zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus. Ratis 

omnia vincet, München 1998, 357-363. 

10 2 

M. von Albrecht, Geschichte der römischen Literatur, München 1994 , 739. 

11 

P. Dräger, Argo pasimelousa. Der Argonautenmythos in der griechischen und römischen Literatur, Palingenesia 

43, Stuttgart 1993, 6. 

7

principi. aqedan gamomdinare, homerosamdeli mwerlis mier damuSavebuli 

pirveli versiis RerZs qmnida heras SiSi (ÆArcomenov" seqen, ÓHrh), kerZod 

is, rom peliass poseidonis kultis TayvaniscemiTa da gaZlierebiT ar 

SeezRuda heras kulti. iasonis mimarT heras keTilganwyoba swored amiT 

iyo motivirebuli. meore versiaSi, pindarosis IV piTiur odaSi, wamyvani 

funqcia eWira apolonis nebas (ÆArcomeno;" seu`, ÆAppovlwn); pindarosTan 

sakmaod sruli saxiT aris gadmocemuli argonavtTa Tqmulebis epizo- 

debi, magram ramdenadac oda kirenel gmirs, arkesilaoss eZRvneba, 

romelmac gaimarjva etliT srbolaSi Zv. w. 462 wels, Sesabamisad, mini- 

ebis Tqmulebac qalaq kirenes daarsebis konteqstSi iyo moqceuli. mesame 

versiis, apolonios rodoselis epikuri nawarmoebis sayrdeni uzenaesi 

RmerTis, zevsis neba unda yofiliyo (ÆArcomeno;" seu`, Zeuv~). imis gamo, rom 

friqsosis mizeziT oqros sawmisi kolxidaSi aRmoCnda, zevss Seryvnilad 

miaCnda berZnuli adaT-wesebi. amdenad, miniebs marTebdaT oqros sawmisis 

kvlav eladaSi dabruneba, riTac kompensirdeboda warsulSi Cadenili 

mkrexeloba. meoTxe versiis, valerius flakusis eposis RerZs 

warmoadgenda iupiteris survili (Iuppiter, incipiens abs te), bolo moeRo ada- 

mianTa qveynad gamefebuli usaqmurobisaTvis. Sesabamisad, eposSi vale- 

rius flakusi romaelTa msoflio batonebad qcevis ideas aviTarebs. 

rodesac argonavtTa Tqmulebis versiebze vsaubrobT, unda 

gaviTvaliswinoT, Tu romel epoqas miekuTvneba esa Tu is konkretuli 

mwerali, romelic argonavtebis miTis damuSavebas kidebs xels. erTi 

mxriv, igi SezRudulia tradiciulad cnobili miTiT, meore mxriv, 

Tanadrouli tendenciebiT, romlebic Tavisda uneburad pouloben 

asaxvas mxatvrulad damuSavebul poetur qmnilebebSi. Sesabamisad, esa 

Tu is mwerali Tavs uflebas aZlevs, met-naklebad Tavisufali iyos 

Temis interpretaciisas, Tumca, mainc garkveulwilad SezRudulia, rad- 

gan radikalurad ver daSordeba tradiciul Tqmulebas. am sakiTxTan 

dakavSirebiT savsebiT viziarebT r. gordezianis mier gamoTqmul 

Tvalsazriss: `faqtobrivad, ufro sxvadasxva epoqis mweralTa mier miTis 

aqtualizebis doneebTan gvaqvs saqme, vidre argonavtikis, rogorc tradi- 

ciul ambavTa sistemis, versiebTan. am TvalsazrisiT, yoveli mxatvruli 

8

nawarmoebi, romelic miniebis Tqmulebis damuSavebas isaxavda miznad, 

faqtobrivad, miTis ramdenadme axal versias SemogvTavazebda~. 12 

savsebiT aSkaraa, rom poema ar SeiZleba ganvixiloT misi Seqmnis 

epoqisgan mowyvetiT, rogorc droidan da sivrcidan amovardnili poe- 

turi nawarmoebi. ufro metic, flakusi araerTgzis migvaniSnebs im 

realobebsa Tu orientirebze, romlebic sakmaod daSorebulni arian 

gmirTa saukunes da argonavtebis legendarul epoqas. samoqalaqo omebi, 

vezuviusis amofrqveva Tavis anabeWds tovebs flakusis poemaze. igi 

gatacebiT aRwers tiranebis qedmaRlobas, qveSevrdomTa SiSs, sasikvdi- 

lod ganwirulTa siamayes, sastiki tiranis gardacvalebis Sedegad 

Seqmnili mZime wnexisagan ganTavisuflebis SegrZnebas. 

am TvalsazrisiT valerius flakusis poema Zireulad gansxvavdeba 

apolonios rodoselis poemisagan, romelSic ar gvaqvs amgvari miniSne- 

bebi mis Tanamedrove Tu winamorbed istoriul pirebsa Tu movlenebze. 

Sesabamisad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom valerius flakusis poema gacilebiT 

ufro ideologizebulia, vidre apolonios rodoselisa. es gamoixateba, 

garda CamoTvlili faqtorebisa, aseve religiis sakmaod mniSvnelovani 

roliT am poemaSi da iupiterze orientirebuli ideologiiT. 

Sesabamisad, SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom valerius flakusi axdens tradiciuli 

miTologiuri informaciis sruliad Segnebul aqtualizacias da, faqto- 

brivad, argonavtebis Temas ayenebs romauli imperiis interesebis samsa- 

xurSi. rogorc Cans, misi poema exmianeba romaelTa gazrdil interess 

aRmosavleTis qveynebisa da maT Soris aRm. SavizRvispireTis regionis 

mimarT, rac gansakuTrebiT aqtualuri xdeba miTridatesis omebisa da 

pompeusis laSqrobebis Semdeg. apianosis gadmocemiT, pompeiusi imdenad 

iyo dainteresebuli argonavtebis TqmulebiT, rom Tavi mianeba miTridat- 

esis devnas da miniebis nakvalevis monaxulebas Seudga: Ð d Pomp»ioj aÙtÕn 

eÙqÝj m n pˆ tÍ fugÍ mšcri KÒlcwn d…wxe, met¦ d toÝj KÒlcouj oÙdamoà dÒxaj 

aÙtÕn oÜte tÕn PÒnton oÜte t¾n Maiètida l…mnhn perieleÚsesqai oÙd meg£loij œti 

pr£gmasin gceir»sein kpesÒnta, toÝj KÒlcouj pÇei kaq' ƒstor…an tÁj 'Argonautîn 

kaˆ DioskoÚrwn kaˆ `Hraklšouj pidhm…aj, tÕ p£qoj m£lista „de‹n qšlwn, Ö Promhqe‹ 

fasi genšsqai perˆ tÕ KaÚkason Ôroj. crusoforoàsi d' k toà Kauk£sou phgaˆ pollaˆ 

12 r. gordeziani, argonavtebi. berZnuli miTebis samyaro, Tbilisi 1999, 136. 

9

yÁgma ¢fanšj· kaˆ oƒ per…oikoi, kódia tiqšntej j tÕ ·eàma baqÚmalla, tÕ yÁgma 

niscÒmenon aÙto‹j klšgousi. kaˆ toioàton Ãn ‡swj kaˆ tÕ crusÒmallon A„»tou dšroj. 

tÕn oân Pomp»ion pˆ tÍ ƒstor…v ¢niÒnta oƒ m n ¥lloi paršpempon, Ósa œqnh ge…tona 

(Ap. Mithr. 13). 13 aqedan gamomdinare, valerius flakusisaTvis tradiciuli 

gmirebi da simboloebi ramdenadme axal mniSvnelobas iZenen da cnobil 

siuJetur elementebs axal azrs aniWeben. es flakusTanac SeigrZnoba: 

misTvis oqros sawmisi imdenad mniSvnelovani ar aris, ramdenadac 

sazRvao gzis gaxsna; unda aRiniSnos, rom amis xarjze poemaSi icvleba 

aqcentebi da poeturi brwyinvalebac ki im partiebisa, romelic 

apoloniosTan ase gvxiblavs. rasakvirvelia, am viTarebaSi valerius 

flakusisaTvis SeumCneveli ar rCeba is, rom apolonios rodoselTan 

iasoni erTgvarad antigmiris elfers atarebs, radgan, faqtobrivad, misi 

yvela sagmiro saqme sxvisi daxmarebiT aResruleba; poeti cdilobs, mas 

gmiris statusi daubrunos. amisaTvis, bunebrivia, igi ver daisaxavda 

miznad apolonios rodoselTan gadmocemuli siuJeturi elementebis 

mkveTrad Secvlas; mas esaWiroeboda axali epizodebis Semotana; aseve 

apolonios rodoselis paTosis, rac SeiZleba mecnieruli sizustiT 

aRewera argonavtebis marSruti, ramdenadme ganeleba. amisaTvis valerius 

flakuss kolxidis epizodSi, iq, sadac mTliani ZaliT unda moxdes 

iasonis gmirobis eqsponireba, Semoaqvs vrceli ambavi kolxidaSi 

warmoebuli e. w. samoqalaqo omisa. bunebrivia, am omis CarTvas 

esaWiroeboda Sesabamisi anturaJi sxvadasxva gmiris da siuJeturi 

elementisa. es ki svams kiTxvas, ra asazrdoebda aseT SemTxvevaSi 

valerius flakusis fantazias: garkveuli realobebi Tu mxolod 

warmosaxvis TamaSi. 

Tuki valerius flakusTan dakavSirebuli problematikis kvlevas 

msoflio klasikur filologiaSi sakmaod did yuradRebas aqceven, qar- 

Tul mecnierebaSi am mimarTulebiT SedarebiT naklebi interesi SeiniS- 

13 `pompeiusma mswrafl misdia miTridatess, gaqceuls, kolxebamde, xolo kolxebis 

Semdeg ki ifiqra, rom igi verc pontoss Semouvlis da verc meotisis tbas da gaZevebuls 

arc didi saqmeebis wamowyeba SeeZlebao. Semdeg man moiara argonavtTa Tqmulebis 

kolxebi. dioskurebisa da herakles aq yofnis ambebis Sesatyobad da gansakuTrebiT ki 

undoda enaxa tanjvis adgilebi, radgan ambobdnen, promeTe kavkasionis mTaze iyo 

mijaWvulio. kavkasionidan momdinare mraval nakaduls uCinari oqros qviSa Camoaqvs. 

adgilobrivi mcxovreblebi mdinareSi sqelmatylian cxvris tyavebs aTavseben da agroveben 

qviSas, romelic am tyavebze rCeba. albaT, amgvarive iyo aietis oqros sawmisic~. 

10

neba. aq unda aRvniSnoT akaki uruSaZis naSromi `Zveli kolxeTi argonav- 

tebis TqmulebaSi~. enciklopediaSi Caucasus antiquus warmodgenilia kavka- 

siasTan dakavSirebuli flakusis mniSvnelovani cnobebi. sakmaod didi 

adgili uWiravs misi Semoqmedebis Seswavlas c. gigauris kvlevebSi. Cveni 

azriT, qarTvel mecnierTa naSromebSi naklebi yuradReba eqceva imas, Tu 

ra principebiT axdens valerius flakusi kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 

informaciis saocar ganvrcobas da am mizniT axali siuJeturi element- 

is, kavkasieli tomis Tu personaJis Semoyvanas. 

Cveni naSromis mizania imis kvleva, Tu rogor axerxebs valerius 

flakusi kavkasiaSi momxdar ambebs mianiWos istoriuli sandooba da 

Seqmnas e. w. fsevdo-istoria im movlenebisa, rasac argonavtebis ciklis 

moqmedebis manZilze unda hqonoda adgili. 

Sesabamisad, Cveni amocanaa, gamovikvlioT: 

1) mTeli is informacia, rac valerius flakusTan kavkasias, 

kavkasiel xalxebsa da personaJebs exeba, metwilad imaze yuradRebis 

gamaxvilebiT, rac mas apolonios rodoselisgan ganasxvavebs. 

2) rogoria poetis fantaziis safuZvelze aRmocenebuli infor- 

maciis sandooba kavkasiisa da misi mezobeli tomebis eqsponirebisas. 

3) ra principiT Semohyavs valerius flakuss argonavtebis laSqro- 

basTan dakavSirebuli miTologiuri tradiciisaTvis ucnobi uamravi 

axali gmiri da rogor axdens maT saxeldebas. 

11

I. tradicia da novatoroba 

antikur literaturaSi didi mniSvneloba aqvs paradigmatuli 

nawarmoebebis tradiciuli siuJetebis recipirebas. sakmarisia, gavixse- 

noT, rom klasikuri epoqis didi berZeni tragikosebi TavianT tragedi- 

ebSi Zalze xSirad amuSaveben ara marto erTsa da imave miTologiur 

siuJets, aramed warmatebiT iyeneben am siuJetTa mxatvruli realizaciiT 

gamorCeul dramebs, rogorc TavianTi nawarmoebis konstruirebisas 

gasaTvaliswinebel mxatvrul modelebs. am mxriv Zalze sainteresoa 

TviT romauli literaturis formirebis procesi, romelic, faqtobrivad, 

berZnuli prototipebis jer mibaZvis, xolo Semdeg ki Zalze warmate- 

buli SemoqmedebiTi aTvisebis safuZvelze Camoyalibda. swored didi 

berZnuli literaturis mimarT SemoqmedebiTma midgomam gaxada 

SesaZlebeli, rom ukve Zv. w. I saukuneSi romaulma literaturam miaRwia 

gacilebiT ufro did simaRleebs, vidre es imave periodis berZnul 

literaturaSi SeiniSneba. rasakvirvelia, mimarTebas berZnul literatu- 

rasTan hqonda erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli formebi. a. m., Tuki vergili- 

usi Tavis èneidaSi~ sruliad sxva siuJetisaTvis erTdroulad homero- 

sis orsave poemas exmianeba, senekas `medea~ aSkarad evripides imave 

saxelwodebis tragediiT aris mTlianad STagonebuli, Tumca genialuri 

romaeli poeti, amis miuxedavad, axerxebs, Seqmnas Tavisi `medea~, romel- 

sac msoflio literaturisaTvis evripidesgan gansxvavebuli damouki- 

debeli Rirebuleba aqvs. swored es aZlevs literaturaTmcodneebs 

SesaZleblobas, imsjelon senekas novatorobaze. 

rac Seexeba valerius flakuss, aq sruliad aSkaraa, rom misTvis e. 

w. amosaval models apolonios rodoselis àrgonavtika~ warmoadgens, 

magram, rasakvirvelia, Secdoma iqneboda, gvefiqra, rom flakusi mxolod 

am poemisgan miRebuli impulsebiT ifargleba da ar cdilobs, Seinar- 

Cunos sakuTari poeturi `Rirseba~. flakusis poemis mkvlevarT araerT- 

gzis ucdiaT, eCvenebinaT is, rom flakusi, SesaZloa, zogierT SemTxve- 

vaSi gacilebiT ufro met mimarTebas avlendes homerosTan, vergilius- 

Tan, ovidiusTan, vidre sakuTriv apolonios rodoselTan da, amasTanave, 

gvTavazobdes imgvari poeturi aRmafreniT Seqmnil araerT partias, 

romelic mas warmogvidgens rogorc sakmaod individualur, maRali 

12

donis poets. rasakvirvelia, rodesac mkvlevarebi msjeloben flakusis 

novatorobaze, maT, upirveles yovlisa, mxedvelobaSi aqvT is momentebi, 

riTac flakusi hgavs apolonios rodosels an gansxvavdeba misgan. 

Cveni azriT, rodesac vmsjelobT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra aris 

tradiciuli da ra novatoruli flakusTan, aucilebelia ori planis 

gamoyofa: erTi – misi mimarTeba mTel antikur literaturasTan, romel- 

ic mas SeeZlo gaeTvaliswinebina, da meore – sakuTriv apolonios rodo- 

selTan. gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa misi mimarTeba romael mwerlebTan, 

radgan faqtia, rom laTinur enaze Seqmnili originaluri poema, raoden 

davalebulic ar unda iyos igi Tavisi berZnuli prototipisgan, iZulebu- 

li iqneba enis, heqsametris gamoyenebis, axali formativebis Tu kompo- 

zitebis Seqmnis da a. S. procesSi ufro metad gaiTvaliswinos romauli 

literatura. swored amitom, vfiqrobT, umjobesi iqneba, mimarTeba 

flakusis winamorbedebTan da mimarTeba saxeldobr apolonios rodo- 

selTan erTmaneTisgan ramdenadme gamijnulad ganvixiloT. 

magram vidre amas gavakeTebdeT, Zalze mokled gadavavloT Tvali 

argonavtikis Temis romaul literaturaSi damuSavebis tradicias. am 

Temis SemoqmedebiTad aTvisebaSi vgulisxmobT romauli literaturis 

flakusamdel periods, sadac SegviZlia gamovyoT ori etapi: pirveli – 

rodesac romaeli mwerlebi ZiriTadad Targmnian argonavtebis ciklis 

damamuSavebel nawarmoebebs da meore – rodesac iwyeba ukve am Temis Se- 

moqmedebiTad aTvisebis periodi da amis safuZvelze originaluri laTi- 

nuri poeturi nawarmoebebis Seqmna. 

rogorc aRvniSneT, pirvel etapze ZiriTadad xdeboda berZnuli 

prototipebis `Targmna~. argonavtebis ciklidan romaeli dramaturge- 

bisaTvis gansakuTrebiT mimzidveli aRmoCnda medeas ambavi da, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom amosaval models maTTvis evripides `medea~ warmoadgenda, maT 

TavianT tragediebs romauli elferi SesZines. pirveli romaeli mwerali, 

romelmac evripides `medea~ gadmoakeTa laTinur enaze, iyo kvintus 

eniusi (Zv. w. 239-169). cnobas imis Sesaxeb, rom eniusis tragedia berZnuli 

prototipis sityvasityviT Targmans warmoadgenda, ukve ciceronTan 

vxvdebiT. miuxedavad amisa, ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos is Tavisufali 

damokidebuleba, rasac respublikis epoqis mwerlebi zogadad avlenen 

13

erZnuli winamorbedebis qmnilebebTan damokidebulebaSi. amas cxadyofs 

lucius akciusis (Zv. w. 170-80) `medea~, sadac garkveulwilad asaxva pova 

grakxusebis, mariusisa da sulas drois gamoZaxilma: `politikuri ele- 

menti da intriga. samoqalaqo areuloba, ajanyeba, marcxi, kvlav aRzeveba, 

mefeTa da tiranebis mkvleloba, uzurpatorebis dasja, mxareTa Soris 

brZola~ 14 – yvelaferi es mis tragedias udavod romaul elfers sZens. 

Zv. w. I s-is satirikossa da epikoss, varon atacinuss laTinurad gadmo- 

ukeTebia apolonios rodoselis àrgonavtika~, 15 rasac, mcireodeni 

nawyvetebis garda, Cvenamde ar mouRwevia. 16 

argonavtebis Tqmulebis SemoqmedebiTad damuSavebis etapi romaul 

literaturaSi, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom avgustusis epoqidan iwyeba, rasac 

cxadyofs ovidiusis (Zv. w. 43 – ax. w. 18) Semoqmedeba. mis `metamor- 

fozebSi~ mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravs argonavtebis Tqmulebis mxat- 

vrul interpretacias. berZnul originalze dayrdnobiT masve Seuqmnia 

tragedia `medea~, romlisganac mxolod fragmentebi SemogvrCa. yvelaze 

vrclad argonavtebis Tqmulebis calkeuli siuJeti gadmocemuli aqvs 

romael miTografoss – higinuss `fabulebSi~, sadac Tavmoyrilia argo- 

navtebis laSqrobamdeli ambebi, TviT laSqroba da medeasa da iasonis 

Tavgadasavali korinTosSi. am TvalsazrisiT aseve sainteresoa plinius 

ufrosis (ax. w. 23-79) enciklopediuri naSromi Historia naturalis, sadac 

vxvdebiT Tqmulebis calkeul siuJetur elements, damowmebulia esa Tu 

is personaJi, geografiuli punqti. calke unda gamovyoT Cvenamde sruli 

saxiT moRweuli senekas (ax. w. 1-65) tragedia `medea~, romelsac, rogorc 

ukve aRvniSneT, medeas saxis mxatvruli interpretaciis TvalsazrisiT 

gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs msoflio literaturaSi. argonavtebis 

Temis SemoqmedebiTad aTvisebis procesi grZeldeba valerius flakusTan, 

romelic axerxebs winamorbedis, apolonios rodoselisagan damouki- 

debeli mxatvruli Rirebuleba SesZinos Tavis àrgonavtikas~. 

14 O. Ribbek, Die römische Tragödie im Zeitalter der Republik, Leipzig 1875, 602. 

15 P. L. Schmidt, V. Terentius, P. (Atacinus), DNP12/1 Enzyklopädie der Antike, Stuttgart, Weimar 2002, 1144- 

1145; M. Schanz, C. Hosius, R. Herzog, P. L. Schmidt, K. Sallmann, Geschichte der römischen Literatur, Bd. 1. 

1927, 312. Einleitung in die griechische Philologie, H.-G. Nesselrath (Hrsg.), , Leipzig 1997, 259; c. gigauri, 

valerius flakusis àrgonavtika~ da cnobebi kolxeTis Sesaxeb, sak. dis. Tbilisi 1969. 

16 Quint. 10, 1, 87; Ovid. Amor. 1, 15, 21. 

14

Sesabamisad, valerius flakuss Tvalwin hqonda ara marto 

apolonios rodoselis àrgonavtika~, aramed sakmaod xangrZlivi tradi- 

cia am Tqmulebis Tu masTan dakavSirebuli berZnuli nawarmoebebis reci- 

pirebisa laTinur literaturaSi. swored amitom, Cven SevecdebiT, 

yuradReba gavamaxviloT flakusis araerT wyaroze, romelsac SeeZlo 

masze garkveuli gavlena moexdina da, meore mxriv, apolonios rodosel- 

ze, romlis scenarsac is arsebiTad mihyveba; Semdgom etapze ganvixilavT 

flakusis axal koncefcias, rasac pirobiTad SegviZlia vuwodoT 

ìupiteris samyaros gegma~. aseve TvalsaCinoebisaTvis ganvixilavT 

ramdenime epizods, sadac ikveTeba flakusis novatoruli midgoma – nak- 

lebad cnobili da erTi SexedviT umniSvnelo siuJeturi elementis 

ganvrcobiT Seqmnas epizodi, romelic udavod mis poetur ostatobaze 

metyvelebs. 

1. flakusi da misi winamorbedebi 

Tuki davukvirdebiT flakusis mimarTebas ama Tu im avtorTan, romelic 

SesaZloa garkveulwilad misi inspiraciis wyaro gamxdariyo, SegviZlia 

vTqvaT, rom igi sakmaod kargad icnobs mTel winamaval literaturul 

tradicias, a. m., igi mimarTebas gviCvenebs homerosTan, vergiliusTan, 

ovidiusTan, senekasTan, lukanusTan. rodesac esa Tu is mwerali cnobil 

da ukve mravalgzis damuSavebul Temas kidebs xels, mis winaSe yovel- 

Tvis dgas gamowveva, aRematebodes Tavis e. w. models gamomsaxvelobis 

ZaliT, aqcentebis dasmiT, gansxvavebuli Txrobis perspeqtivis SeqmniT, 

gmirTa moqmedebis motivaciebis SecvliT, individualuri stilisturi 

xerxebis da Taviseburi metruli sazomebis gamoyenebiT. Sesabamisad, man 

ise unda daamuSavos Tema, rom ara marto warmodgenili istoria Tu 

calkeuli epizodi iyos saintereso, aramed TviT warmodgenis stili da 

manera. amdenad, cnebebs imitatio da aemulatio didi mniSvneloba aqvs berZnu- 

li da romauli literaturis TviTmyofadobis gagebisaTvis. Tu aemulatio 

e. w. misabaZi modelis brmad gadmoRebas aRniSnavs, sakmaod farToa 

imitatio-s gageba. aq daveyrdnobiT mkvlevar ursula koidelis sqemas, ro- 

melsac is imitaciis arsis gansazRvrisas gvTavazobs Tavis klavdianusis 

komentarebSi: `gauTviTcnobierebeli ganzraxviT nimuSis gamoyeneba aris 

15

eminiscencia, wyaros gamoyeneba gansazRvruli ganzraxviT an magaliTad 

interpretaciiT aris miniSneba, xolo kreatiuli formacvaleba aris 

damuSaveba~. 17 rasakvirvelia, flakusis poema damokidebulia 

literaturul tradiciaze, romelic mas win uswrebda, rogorc siuJe- 

turi elementebis, aseve enobrivi formebis TvalsazrisiT, Tumca, Cven 

SevecdebiT warmovadginoT, rom is, rac erTi SexedviT SeiZleba mogve- 

Cvenos masTan mibaZvad, umeteswilad SemoqmedebiTi interpretaciis maRal 

xarisxs gviCvenebs. Tavdapirvelad sakmaod mokled Tvali gavadevnoT im 

arsebiT mimarTebebs, rasac flakusi Tavis winamorbed avtorebTan 

avlens. 

rodesac homerosTan flakusis mimarTebaze vmsjelobT, pirvel 

rigSi vgulisxmobT msgavsi motivebis, siuJeturi elementebis da aseve 

struqturuli paralelebis arsebobas, aseve mTel rig Sesatyvisobebs 

poeturi enis doneze. Tumca, bunebrivia, ramdenadac flakusi laTinurad 

qmnis Tavis poemas, enobriv doneze yvelaze met mimarTebas vergiliusTan 

gviCvenebs, romelic, Tavis mxriv, homerosisgan aris inspirirebuli, ase 

rom saqme gvaqvs garemoebasTan, rasac mecnierebaSi moixsenieben terminiT: 

imitatio Virgiliana Homeri. es paradigma garkveulwilad modeli gaxda vergi- 

liusis Semdgomdroindeli mwerlebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki maTTvis, 

vinc nawarmoebebs eposis JanrSi qmnida. magaliTisaTvis sakmarisia aRvni- 

SnoT, rom omis amsaxveli scenebis aRwerisas flakusisaTvis amosavals 

warmoadgens èneida~ (VII da X wignebi), aristiebis `tipur scenebs~, 

romlebic uxvadaa warmodgenili aietsa da persess Soris gamarTuli 

omis amsaxvel epizodSi, safuZvlad udavod ìliadis~ e. w. `diomedia~ 

udevs, ramac Tavis mxriv gavlena moaxdina èneidis~ avtorze (X da XII 

wignebi). SeiZleba iTqvas, es principi imdenad universaluria, rom ara 

marto flakusTan, aramed sxva mwerlebTanac poulobs asaxvas; a. m., 

smolenaarsi valeriusis àrgonavtikis~ VI wignis da staciusis `Tebai- 

sis~ VII wignis aristiebis èneidasTan~ da ìliadasTan~ SepirispirebiT 

cdilobs, dagvanaxos, rom struqturulad flakusic da staciusic 

17 U. Keudel, Poetische Vorläufer und Vorbilder in Claudians De consulatu Stilichonis. Imitationskommentar, 

Hypomnemata 26, Göttingen 1970, 17ff. 

16

vergiliuss eyrdnobian, vergiliusi ki Tavis mxriv homeross. 18 berZen 

epikosTan mimarTebas gviCvenebs aseve flakusiseuli e. w. ormagi 

katalogis agebis principi, gmirebis daTvaliereba e. w. teiqoskopia, kriv- 

Si Sejibris scenebi (Il. XXIII 685-699). intensiurad aris Semosuli fla- 

kusTan troas Tema, aq vgulisxmobT herkulesis rolis gaZlierebas da 

misi saxis gansakuTrebul intensifikacias. amisaTvis flakusi apolonios 

rodoselisgan gansxvavebiT sruliad axal epizodsac ki rTavs poemaSi, 

herkulesis mier laomedonis asulis, hesiones ganTavisuflebas. ramde- 

nadac am epizods mniSvnelovani datvirTva aqvs flakusis poemaSi, masze 

qvemoT gveqneba msjeloba. 

is, rom vergiliusma gansakuTrebuli gavlena iqonia mis 

Semdgomdroindel romael mwerlebze da, mas, garkveulwilad, amosaval 

modelad iyenebdnen, araerTgzis aRniSnula. 19 gamonakliss arc flaviusis 

epoqis mwerlebi warmoadgenen. 20 mecnierebaSi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT 

specialuri terminic ki damkvidrda ìnterpretatio Virgiliana~. 21 flakusis 

vergiliusTan mimarTebisas ori plani ikveTeba: Tu erT SemTxvevaSi 

flakuss gadmoaqvs vergiliusiseuli siuJeturi elementi da inarCunebs 

gamomxatvelobiT formasa da Sinaarss, sxva SemTxvevaSi masTan amosavali 

modeli Secvlilia, dakavSirebulia sxva konteqstTan da axali suliT 

aris STagonebuli, rig SemTxvevaSi ki isea akumulirebuli da 

transformirebuli, rom vergiliusis SemoqmedebaSi gauTviTcnobierebeli 

mkiTxvelisaTvis konteqsti SesaZloa gaugebari iyos. igi garkveulwilad 

eyrdnoba vergiliuss dawyebuli eposis struqturis agebis principiT 

damTavrebuli leqsikuri formativebis da gamoTqma-formulebis gamoyene- 

biT. vergiliuss surs Tavis poemaSi gaaerTianos e. w. ìliadisa~ da 

òdiseas~ Tema, Tumca vergiliusis poema Tvisobrivad mkveTrad gansxvave- 

18 J. J. L. Smolenaars, Quellen und Rezeption. Die Verarbeitung homerischer Motive bei Valerius Flaccus und 

Statius, Ratis omnia vincet. Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hildesheim, Zürich, New 

York 1991, 57-69. 

19 I. Greiff, De G. Valeri Flacci Argonauticis cum Vergili Maronis Aeneide comparatis. Gymnasialprogramm, Trient 

1869; A. Grüneberg, de Valerio Flacco imitatore, Diss. Berlin 1893; H. Stroh, Studies zu Valerius, besonders über 

dessen Verhältnis zu Vergil, Gymnasialprogramm, Augsburg 1905; R. Nordera, I virgilianismi in Valerio Flacco. 

Contributo a uno studio della lingua epica nell'età imperiale, in: R. Nordera, T. Bertotti, L. Bezzi, E. Pianezzola, A. 

Lunelli. Contributi a tre poeti latini (Valerio Flacco, Rutilio Namaziano, Pascoli), Bologna 1969, 1-92. 

20 P. Hardie, Flavian Epicists on Vergil's Epic Technique, in A. J. Boyle (ed.), The Imperial Muse. Ramus Essays on 

Roman Literature of the Empire: Flavian Epicists to Claudian, Bendigo 1990, 3-20. 

21 P. Hardie, The Epic Successors of Vergil. A Study in the Dynamics of a Tradition, Cambridge 1993, 118. 

17

ulia homerosis poemaTagan. homerosis poemebSi miTologiuri siuJetia 

gadmocemuli, èneidaSi~ miTi TanamedroveobasTan aris Serwymuli. vergi- 

liusis msgavsad flakusis poemac ori informaciuli planis 

gaerTianebas warmoadgens: mogzauroba da sagmiro saqmeebis eqsponireba. 

Tu vergiliusis mizani aris imis Cveneba, rom romis, msoflios uZliere- 

si qalaqis, daarseba RmerTTa nebiT ganxorcielda, rom italielTa 

winaprebi, elinTa msgavsad, uZvelesi tomebi iyvnen, rom uzenaesTa gada- 

wyvetilebis Tanaxmad, troelTa erTi nawili damkvidrda italiaSi, Tavis 

`pirvel samSobloSi~, am ideas exmianeba flakusic Tavis poemaSi, misi 

azriT, troa ukeTesi qalaqi unda gaxdes, da masTan msoflios marTvis 

sadaveebs axali xalxi [igulisxmebian romaelebi] igdebs xelSi et genus 

Aeneadum et Troiae melioris honores (Val. Flacc. 2. 573). poemaSi es aspeqti mxatvru- 

lad aris gadmocemuli iupiteris samyaros gegmaSi, flakusis am axal 

koncefciaze specialur qveTavSi gveqneba msjeloba. TvalsaCinoebisaTvis 

SegviZlia moviyvanoT scenebi, sadac aSkarad ikveTeba vergiliusis gav- 

lena: didosa da eneasis da medeasa da iasonis ambebi, evandres gamosam- 

Svidobebeli sityva palasisadmi (Aen. VIII 560-583) SegviZlia SevadaroT 

esonis sityvas iasonisadmi (Val. Flacc. 1. 336-347), erTi mxriv, italTa 

katalogi (Aen. VII 641-817) da, meore mxriv, argonavtTa katalogi (Val. 

Flacc. 1. 353-483), aseve msgavsebas gviCvenebs mgzavrobis dasawyisisTanave 

zRvaze amtydari qariSxlis scena (Aen. 1. 124ff.) / (Val. Flacc. 1. 640ff.). calke- 

uli pasaJebis lingvisturi analizisas vlindeba formula-gamonaTqvame- 

bis Tanxvedrebic, flakusis heqsametrul sazoms mTel rig SemTxvevebSi, 

gansakuTrebiT striqonebis dasawyissa da dasasruls, vergiliusiseuli 

elferi dahkravs; dasturdeba SemTxvevebi, rodesac heqsametruli 

striqonis nawili ucvleli saxiT aris gadmotanili. valeriusi arsad 

ar warmogvidgeba rogorc brma mimbaZveli. zogierTi mecnieri miiCnevs, 

rom vergiliusis msgavsad valerius flakusma Seqmna Tavisi sakuTari 

ena. marTalia, igi iTvaliswinebs winamorbedebis miRwevebs, Tumca 

vergiliuss baZavs imaSic, rom Seqmnas axali stili, gabedulad miudges 

enobriv formebs, rac aisaxeba axali formebis ZiebaSi. aqedan 

gamomdinare, Tavisuflad SeiZleba vimsjeloT im garemoebaze, rac mis 

axal stils gansazRvravs: 1. axali sintaqsuri konstruqciebi. 2. sityve- 

18

is axali mniSvneloba, rac flakusamdel literaturul tradiciaSi ar 

dasturdeba. 3. sityvebis semantikuri ambivalentoba. 

Sesabamisad, misi imitaciis teqnika SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT terminiT 

variacia. maTias korni amikusis pasaJis lingvisturi analizis Sedegad 

midis im daskvnamde, rom igi inspirirebulia èneidis~ erT-erTi pasaJiT 

(5.446), sadac gadmocemulia krivis amsaxveli scena daressa da enteluss 

Soris. mecnieri aq variaciis sam saxeobas ayalibebs: 1. erTi leqsikuri 

formativis sxva sityviT Canacvleba: in ventum Secvlilia sityviT nubibus 

(4.273), riTac aqcentirebulia amikusis mzardi sibraze. 2. saTqmelis 

intensifikacia damatebiTi leqsikuri formativebis meSveobiT: vergili- 

usis neitraluri vires Secvlilia emociurad datvirTuli leqsikuri 

formativebiT iras da ardorem (4.273-274). 3. konteqstidan gamomdinare sityvi- 

sTvis sxva mniSvnelobis miniWeba:L effundere-s (4.273) aq aqvs ara abicere-s an 

perdere-s gageba, rogorc vergiliusTan, aramed dakavSirebulia risxvasTan 

iras effundere, da amdenad am konkretul SemTxvevaSi sul sxva datvirTva 

eniWeba. 22 xSirad flakusis Sesaxeb amboben, rom rTuli ena aqvs da rig 

SemTxvevaSi azri ise bundovania, rom gaugebaria, avtors risi Tqma 

surda. TvalsaCinoebisaTvis ganvixiloT erTi konkretuli magaliTi. 23 

venusi medeas saqorwinod uZRvnis Tavis òrmag~ gvirgvins da patiosan 

Tvlebs, romelic Semdgom sxva patarZalze akiafdeba ipsa suam duplicem 

Cytherea coronam / donat et arsuras alia cum virgine gemmas (8.235-36). azri gaugebari 

iqneba, Tu ar gaviTvaliswinebT vergiliusis poemidan pasaJs, romelic am 

adgils udevs safuZvlad; kerZod, èneidaSi~ eneasis mier didosTvis 

miZRvnil saCuqrebs Soris moixsenieba gvirgvini, romelic odesRac 

elenes ekuTvnoda: duplicem gemmis auroque coronam (1.655), anu oqrosa da 

patiosani Tvlebisgan damzadebuli gvirgvini. ukve serviusma (Aen. 1.650- 

Tan dakavSirebiT) Seicno aq eneasisa da didos momaval xvedrze 

miniSneba, rom eneasi da dido erTmaneTs daSordebodnen, ramdenadac 

22 M. Korn, Valerius Flaccus und Vergil. Das Verhältnis von Nachahmer und Meister in sprachlicher Hinsicht, Ratis 

omnia vincet. Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 49; 

F. Schimann, Valerius Flaccus und Vergil – interpretatio Virgiliana. Ratis omnia vincet. Neue Untersuchungen zu 

den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, München 1998, 123-7. 

23 magaliTi mogvyavs frank SimanTan (ix. winamdebare sqolio) dasaxelebuli avtoris 

salemis mixedviT: C. Salemme, Medea. Un antico mito in Valerio Flacco, Napoli 1993, 81. 

19

gvirgvini adre ficisgamtex elenes ekuTvnoda. msgavsad, flakusic 

imedovnebs, rom sazogadoebas esmis vergiliusiseuli pasaJis simbolu- 

roba da SefarviTi miniSnebebiT winaswar miuTiTebs imaze, rom arc 

iasonisa da medeas urTierTobas eqneba bednieri dasasruli. poeti ufro 

metad amZafrebs vergiliusis xatovan gamonaTqvams imiT, rom gemmae-s 

ukavSirebs momavali drois mimReobas arsuras, anu miuTiTebs imaze, rac 

momavalSia mosalodneli, et kavSiriT gamoyofs corona-sgan da vergili- 

usis darad aurum-is moxsenieba saerTod aRar sWirdeba. 24 

rodesac flakusis ovidiusTan da senekasTan mimarTebaze vmsje- 

lobT, upirveles yovlisa, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs medeas saxis mxatvruli 

interpretacia. am procesSi maTi nawarmoebebi flakusisaTvis udavod 

STagonebis wyaros warmoadgenda medeas saxis damuSavebisas. 25 Tavdapir- 

velad yuradReba SevaCeroT ovidiusze. flakusis medea mravalmxriv 

mimarTebebs gviCvenebs, erTi mxriv, `heroidebis~ VI da XII werilebis da, 

meore mxriv, `metamorfozebis~ medeasTan, iseve rogorc tragedia 

`medeaSi~ warmodgenil saxesTan, romelmac Cvenamde umniSvnelo fragmen- 

tebis saxiT moaRwia. ovidiusis medea winaaRmdegobrivi grZnobebiT aris 

savse, igi sakmaod racionalisturad udgeba sakiTxs, Tumca racionalu- 

robidan sakuTar TavTan saubarSi iracionalurobamdec ki midis. fla- 

kusis medeac endoba Tavis ratio-s, Tumca, Tu ovidiusis medea TviTanalizs 

eweva, flakusTan igi saTqmels ambobs, analizis gakeTebis SesaZleblo- 

bas ki mTxrobels utovebs. amitomac flakusTan monologebs ufro 

gansxvavebuli datvirTva aqvs, vidre ovidiusTan. 26 is, rac saerToa 

ovidiusisa da flakusis medeasaTvis, aris remedium amoris Zebna, rac ovi- 

diusamdeli medeasaTvis ar iyo damaxasiaTebeli. a. m., flakusis 

àrgonavtikis~ VII wignSi medea sayvedurobs kirkes saxiT movlenil 

venuss, rom araferi kurnavs vnebis cecxls: sed magis his miseram, quando potes, 

eripe curis / unde metus aestusque mihi quaeque aspera, mater, / perpetior dubiae iamdudum 

incendia mentis (Val. Flacc. 7. 241-243), es adgili Seesatyviseba pasaJs `heroide- 

24 

f. Simani Tavis statiaSi sxva mraval saintereso magaliTsa da paralels gvTavazobs. 

25 

S. Wetzel, Die Gestalt der Medea bei Valerius Flaccus, Diss. Kiel 1957; U. Eigler, Monologische Redeformen bei 

Valerius Flaccus, Frankfurt a. M. 1988. 

26 

monologebTan dakavSirebiT ix.: U. Auhagen, Medea zwischen Ratio und Ratlosigkeit, ROV III, 

München 2004, 91-102. 

20

is~ XII werilidan, sadac medea Civis, rom siyvarulis cecxls veranairi 

jadosnuri saSualeba aqrobs: quaeque feros pepuli doctis medicatibus ignes, / non 

valeo flammas effugere ipsa meas. (Ov. her. 12, 165ff). 27 flakusTan hesiones ganTa- 

visuflebis epizodi struqturul msgavsebas avlens `metamorfozebis~ 

persevsisa da andromedas ambavTan (Met. 4,663-764). 28 ovidiusTan, flakusis 

msgavsad, SeiniSneba interesi kavkasiaze arsebuli Tqmulebebisadmi, mis 

TxzulebebSi mravali sayuradRebo cnobaa daculi kolxuri garemos 

Sesaxeb, rac, albaT, imiTac aixsneba, rom poeti oqtavianus avgustusis 

brZanebiT Savi zRvis sanapiroze iyo gadasaxlebuli. 29 sayuradReboa 

isic, rom ovidiusis Semoqmedeba mniSvnelovani wyaroa flakusisaTvis 

Tavisi gamogonili personaJebisaTvis saxeldebis procesSic. 

vergiliusisa da ovidiusis gverdiT mniSvnelovani adgili uWiravs 

flakusTan senekas `medeas~ recipirebis sakiTxs. 30 jer kidev f. memeli 

aRniSnavda, rom valeriusis gamomsaxvelobiTi manera davalebulia 

senekas dramebisgan; 31 a. m., sakmarisia TvalsaCinoebisaTvis ramdenime 

adgili moviyvanoT: (Val. Flacc. 1. 76 / (Ps.) Sen. Herc. Oet. 623; Val. Flacc. 1. 205 / Sen. 

Oed. 315; Val. Flacc. 4. 51, 51 / Sen. Tro. 419; Val. Flacc. 4. 163ff / Sen. Oed. 613ff.). gansa- 

kuTrebul mimarTebas gviCvenebs senekas `medeasTan~ flakusis àrgonavti- 

kis~ mexuTe (5. 231-277) da merve wignebSi gadmocemuli gmirTa motivaciebi 

(8. 414-446). udavod, rodesac flakusis àrgonavtikas~ vkiTxulobT, gviC- 

ndeba SegrZneba, rom medeas da aietis saxeebis interpretaciisas flakusi 

mniSvnelovanwilad aris senekasgan davalebuli. 32 es, upirveles yovlisa, 

exeba kolxidaSi omis epizodis CarTvas, rac flakuss saSualebas 

aZlevs, jer erTi: warmoaCinos iasonis siqvele, raTa medeam esonidi dai- 

naxos uSualod sagmiro saqmis Cadenis procesSi da, meore: aieti eqsponi- 

27 

sxva mravali paralelis Sesaxeb ix.: F. Bessone, Valerius Flaccus und die Medeen des Ovid, ROV, 

München 1998, 141-171. 

28 

ovidiusisa da flakusis nawarmoebTa zogierTi epizodis Sepirispireba 

warmodgenilia mecnierebis naSromebSi: E. Frank, An Ovidian episode in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, 

RIL 105, 1971, 320-329. E. Burk, Die Befreiung der Andromeda bei Ovid und der Hesione bei Valerius Flaccus 

(Metam. 4, 663-764; Argon. 2, 451-578), WS 10, 1976, 221-238. 

29 

И. Гагуа, Овидий Назон и древняя Колхида, Тбилиси 1984. n. keWaymaZe, ovidius nazoni 

saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, Tsu Sromebi 69, 1958. 

30 

K. Schenkl, Studien zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, SB Wien, phil.-hist.Kl. 68, 1871, 271-382; W. C. 

Summers, A study of the Argonautica of Valerius Flaccus, Cambridge 1894, 40ff. 

31 

F. Mehmel, Valerius Flaccus, Diss. Hamburg 1934, 109-119, 130-135. 

32 

J. Wetzel, Die Gestalt der Medea bei Valerius Flaccus, Diss. Kiel 1957, 3, 102-104, 176f. 

21

ebulia rogorc tipuri tirani, romelic aseTi aSkarad gamoxatuli 

TvisebebiT arc apoloniosTan gvxvdeba da, unda aRiniSnos, rom verc 

vergiliusTan moiZebneba misi prototipi. 33 mmarTvelobisaken swrafva, 

egoizmi, sakuTari interesebis qveynis da nebismieri calkeuli pirovnebis 

interesebze maRla dayeneba, yovelgvari saSualebis gamoyeneba miznis 

misaRwevad, ira da furor – yovelive es uTuod senekaseul tiranis suraTs 

mogvagonebs. amdenad flakusis aieti garkveulwilad hgavs kreons: mas ar 

surs, daabrunos iasoni, rogorc aiets ar surs sawmisis gacema (Val. Flacc. 

5. 261; 6. 19 / Sen Med. 272f., 482, 489). aietis msgavsad, arc is fiqrobs 

asulis bedze da arc qveynisaze. rom ar eqorwina xelmeored iasons mis 

asulze, medeas SurisZiebis safuZveli aRar eqneboda. aq rTavs swored 

flakusi moqmedebis ganviTarebaSi dramatul elementebs. aiets afrTxi- 

lebs friqsusis aCrdili, gasces sawmisi, Tumca igi ugulebelyofs rCe- 

vas, da, Sesabamisad, ubedurebac ar ayovnebs. senekasTan mimarTebas gviCve- 

nebs aseve mTavar personaJTa monologebi. absirtusisa da stirusis (8. 

261-284. 335-355), iseve rogorc medeas sityvebi drakonisa (8. 92-108) da 

iasonisadmi (8. 45-53. 414-446) senekas tragediebis monologebs mogvagonebs, 

ramdenadac yvelgan flakuss saaSkaraoze gamoaqvs adamianis Sinagani 

samyaro. gansakuTrebiT gvinda gamovyoT medeas sayvedurebiT aRsavse 

sityva iasonisadmi, rodesac iasoni mzad aris, aietis asuli mdevar 

kolxebs gadasces. aq gvaxsendeba Sesatyvisi pasaJebi senekas `medeadan~: 

sityva kreonisadmi (Sen. Med. 179-300) da iasonisadmi (Sen. Med. 431-578). 

mkvlevarTa didi nawilis azriT, seneka, iseve rogorc flakusi, 

cdiloben, medeas gaugon, warmogvidgenen mas ara mxolod Tavisi vnebebis 

msxverplad, aramed mis gverdiT myofi adamianebis msxverpladac, amiT 

garkveulwilad TanaugrZnoben mas da cdiloben, igive SegrZneba aRZran 

mkiTxvelSic. 34 

rac Seexeba varon atacinuss, misi poemis fragmentebis da flakusis 

poemis msgavsi adgilebis Sepirispirebis safuZvelze d. feleti midis 

daskvnamde, rom varon atacinusis poemam gamoZaxili ver pova flakusTan: 

33 

H. Stadler, Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica VII. Ein Kommentar (Spudasmata 49), Hildesheim/Zürich/New York, 

1993, 5. 

34 

St. Grewe, Der Einfluß von Senecas Medea auf die Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, ROV III, München 2004, 

187. 

22

`Die Fragmente des Varro enthalten keinen Anklang an Valerius Flaccus' Gedicht. Gemeinsam 

sind nur unbedeutende Übereinstimmungen, die auf die Grundzüge des erzählten Stoffes oder 

der epischen Sprache zurückgeführt werden können. Dagegen zeigen sich grundlegende 

Unterschiede sowohl im Inhalt als auch in den formalen Eigenschaften der zwei Gedichte~. 35 

aqedan gamomdinare, arc Cven SevaCerebT masze yuradRebas da momdevno 

qveTavSi ganvixilavT flakusis mniSvnelovan mimarTebas mis elinist 

winamorbedTan. 

2. flakusi da apolonios rodoseli 

SeuiaraRebeli TvaliTac ki SeiZleba SevniSnoT, rom flakusisaTvis 

aSkarad prototips swored apolonios rodoselis poema warmoadgens, 

Tumca gvaqvs sakmaod arsebiTi gansxvavebebic; aSkara mimarTeba Tavs 

iCens Tavad poemis saTaurSi, poemis struqturaSi, siuJetur elementebsa 

da poetur enaSi; rasakvirvelia, yovelive amas emateba TiToeuli am mome- 

ntis poeturi interpretaciis xarisxi. 

am TavSi detalurad aris ganxiluli apoloniosTan flakusis 

poemis msgavseba da gansxvavebis umniSvnelovanesi aspeqtebi. 

apolonios rodosels, rogorc Cans, surda, qronologiuri Tanamim- 

devrobiT gadmoeca miniebis laSqrobasTan dakavSirebuli yvela movlena 

da Seeqmna nawarmoebi, romelic garkveulwilad ìliadisa~ da òdiseas~ 

motivebis nazavi iqneboda. misi poema, romelic oTxi wignisgan Sedgeba, 

struqturulad or Tanabar nawilad iyofa: pirvelSi gadmocemulia mo- 

gzauroba kolxidisaken (I da II wignebSi), meoreSi ki kolxidaSi Tavgada- 

savali, rac dakavSirebulia oqros sawmisis mopovebasTan; mas mosdevs 

argonavtebis ukan dabrunebis marSruti (III da IV wignebi). mcdelobis 

miuxedavad, apoloniosma ver moaxerxa kompoziciurad Sekruli poemis 

Seqmna, ris gamoc, formis TvalsazrisiT, misi àrgonavtika~ ufro metad 

mcire epilionTa nazavs warmoadgens, vidre kompoziciurad Sekrul 

erTian eposs. valerius flakusma gaaormaga wignebis raodenoba, Tumca 

amiT poemis moculoba ar gazrdila (Ap. Rhod. – 5835 str. / Val. Flacc. – 5631 

str.). struqturulad flakusis nawarmoebi SeiZleba or nawilad davyoT, 

35 D. Feletti, Valerius Flaccus und die Argonautae des Varro Atacinus, ROV III, München 2004, 112. 

23

pirvel nawilSi (I – V. 216) gadmocemulia argonavtebis mgzavroba iolko- 

sidan kolxidamde, sadac monacvleobiT gadmocemulia argonavtTa mogza- 

urobis da ama Tu im adgilas SeCerebis ambebi, meore nawilSi (V.217 – 

VIII) ki – kolxidaSi ganviTarebuli ambebi; Sesabamisad, Txrobis stili 

icvleba da intensificirebulia oqros sawmisis mopovebasTan dakavSire- 

buli movlenebi. aqve unda SevniSnoT, rom pirveli nawilis dasasruli 

ar emTxveva uSualod meoTxe wignis simReris dasasruls, aramed moicavs 

mexuTe wignis pirvel meoTxedsac. kompoziciis aseTi stili poemis sxva 

adgilebTan mimarTebaSic dasturdeba. 36 aSkaraa, am SemTxvevaSi flakusi 

ar misdevs apolonioss, aramed iyenebs vergiliusiseul princips. vergi- 

liusTan poemis meore nawili (Aen. 7. 37) iwyeba 36-e striqonis Semdeg (= 6 

× 6), flakusTan (5. 217) ki 216-e striqonis Semdeg (= 6 × 6× 6). 37 

rogorc cnobilia, orive poema exeba argonavtebis laSqrobas 

kolxidaSi, Tumca, Tu apoloniosi, rogorc poeta doctus, cdilobs 

mecnieruli sizustiT gadmosces argonavtebis laSqrobis marSruti, 

CarTos TxrobaSi sxvadasxva xasiaTis mokle eqskursebi, flakuss 

aqcentebi sxva aspeqtze gadaaqvs. marTalia, orive poema iwyeba argo- 

navtebis laSqrobis mzadebiT, magram, Tu apoloniosTan mTavrdeba minie- 

bis iolkosSi dabrunebiT, flakusis poemis merve Tavi uecrad wydeba iq, 

sadac iasoni fiqrobs, medea mdevar kolxebs gadasces. samecniero lite- 

raturaSi azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor unda ganviTare- 

buliyo moqmedeba da rogori dasasruli unda hqonoda laTinur 

versias 38 . ramdenadac es sakiTxi valerius flakusis kvlevis problemati- 

kaSi erT-erTi mniSvnelovani aspeqtia, mizanSewonilad migvaCnia, masze sa- 

gangebod SevaCeroT yuradReba. 

mecnierTa nawili miiCnevs, rom flakusis àrgonavtika~ 12 wignisa- 

gan Sedgeboda. samersi fiqrobs, flakuss apolonios rodoselTan Seda- 

36 

Sdr. E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971, 88, 184-185; E. 

Burck, Die Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, in: E. Burck (Hrsg.), Das römische Epos (Grundriß der 

Literaturgeschichten nach Gattungen), Darmstadt 1979, 217-218; P. Dräger, C. Valerius Flaccus. Argonautica. Die 

Sendung der Argonauten. Lateinisch-Deutsch, Hg., übers. u. komm., Studien zur klassischen Philologie 140, 

Frankfurt a.M, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien 2003, 449; G. Manuwald, Die Cyzicus-Episode 

und ihre Funktion in den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hypomnemata 127, Göttingen 1999, 11-15. 

37 

Sdr. F. Mehmel, 1934, 56; W. Schetter, 1959, 300-303; J. Adamietz, 1976, 108-109; H. J.W. Wijsman, 1996, 4; 

P. Dräger, 2003, 449, 572-573. 

38 

W.C. Summers, A study of the Argonautica of Valerius Flaccus, Cambridge 1894, 7. 

24

ebiT sakmaod unda ganevrco àrgonavtika~, ramdenadac argonavtebs bri- 

taneTamde unda mieRwiaT. kidev ufro Sors midis muri, romelic miiCnevs, 

rom flakuss Tavis àrgonavtikaSi~ agreTve unda gadmoeca korinTosSi 

ganviTarebuli ambebi. 39 aris mosazreba, romlis mixedviTac àrgonavtika~ 

10 wignisgan unda yofiliyo Semdgari. 40 mecnierTa didi nawili, romel- 

Tac Cvenc vemxrobiT, Tvlis, rom flakusis àrgonavtika~ rva wigns moi- 

cavda. 41 poemis kompoziciuri analizis safuZvelze j. adamici 42 swored 

am daskvnamde midis. am Tvalsazriss mxars uWers h.-g. nezelraTi, rome- 

lic sakmaod damajerebel argumentacias warmoadgens 43 , rasac Cven odnav 

qvemoT mivubrundebiT. 

aqve gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom mecnierebi arc im sakiTxze arian 

erTsulovanni, Tu ratom aris merve wigni nakluli. nawili miiCnevs, rom 

es poetis uecarma gardacvalebam ganapiroba, am Tvalsazriss warmoad- 

gens h. m. purtvlie: „No, Valerius Flaccus did not apply the last file to the Argonautica. He 

probably did not even get any further than line 467 of book 8, but died shortly after he had 

written me talie velle“, 44 nawili ki Tvlis, rom mas arc hqonia ganzraxuli, ga- 

egrZelebina Txroba. adamici aRniSnavs: „Daß sich der verlorene bzw. nicht mehr 

geschaffene Schluß des Werkes auf die Auseinandersetzung bei der Insel Peuce konzentrierte 

und dann verhältnismäßig rasch die Heimkehr erfolgte“. 45 

axla ufro dawvrilebiT ganvixiloT flakusis àrgonavtikis~ 

ukanaskneli striqonebi: kolxididan gamgzavrebis Semdeg argonavtebi 

SeCerdnen istrosis SesarTavTan, kunZul pevkeze, sadac iasonisa da 

medeas qorwineba unda Sedges. argonavtebis simSvides moaxlovebuli ko- 

lxi mdevrebi arRveven. maT absirtusi meTaurobs, romelsac miznad aqvs 

argonavtebis ganadgureba (8. 270-275). iunos CareviT uecrad atexili gri- 

39 C.H. Moore, Prophecy in the Ancient Epic, Harvard Studies of Classical Philology 32, 1921, 166. 

40 J. Soubiran, Valerius Flaccus. Argonautiques. Introduction, Texte et traduction rythmée, Notes et Index 

(Bibliothèque d'études classiques 33), Louvan, Paris, Dudley (Ma) 2002, 32-35. 

41 W. Schetter, Die Buchzahl der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Philologus 103, 1959, 297-308; E. Frank, The 

Structure of Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, CB 43, 1967, 38-39; G. Liberman, Valerius Flaccus. Argonautiques 

Texte établi et traduit, 2 vol. (CUF lat. 340/369), Paris 1997/2002, 24-48; F. Caviglia, Valerio Flacco. Le 

Argonautiche, introduzione, traduzione e note (BUR Classici greci e Latini), Milano 1999, 17-19. 

42 J. Adamietz, Zur Komposition der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus (Zetemata 67), München 1976, 107-113. 

43 H.-G. Nesselrath, Jason und Absyrtus – Überlegungen zum Ende von Valerius Flaccus’ Argonautica, in: Ratis 

omnia vincet. Neue Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, hg. v. U. Eigler, E. Lefèvre, 

München 1998, 347-354. 

44 H.M. Poortvliet, Valerius Flaccus and the last file, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 43. 

45 J. Adamietz, op. cit. 113. 

25

galis gamo kolxebi ver axerxeben argonavtebTan miaxlovebas. SeSfoTe- 

buli argonavtebi iasons arwmuneben, rom medea kolxebs gadasces (8. 

387f.). iasoni meryeobs, Tumca, bolos da bolos, amjobinebs, argonavtebis 

nebas dahyves (8. 404-408). medea grZnobs moaxlovebul safrTxes (8. 415-444) 

da iasons sayvedurebiT avsebs, es ukanaskneli Tavis marTlebas cdilobs 

da mis mier warmoTqmuli pirveli striqonis Semdeg (mene aliquid metuisse 

putas? me talia velle?, 8. 467) teqsti wydeba. 

Tu winamdebare wignebis moculobas gaviTvaliswinebT (I – 850; II – 

664; III – 740; IV – 762; V – 695; VI – 800; VII – 653), Cvenamde arasruli 

saxiT moRweul merve wigns, romelic 467 striqons moicavs, savaraudod, 

kidev 400-500-mde striqoni mosdevda. Sesabamisad, is informacia, rac 

apolonios rodoselTan sakmaod vrcel adgils iWers (1400 str.), 

laTinur versiaSi ostaturad unda yofiliyo akumulirebuli. am bolo 

dros samecniero literaturaSi gaziarebulia Tvalsazrisi, rom sakmaod 

daZabuli mdgomareoba, sadac flakusis eposi wydeba, unda ganmuxtuliyo 

absirtusis sikvdiliT da praqtikulad amis Semdeg unda dasrulebuliyo 

kidec nawarmoebi. 46 garkveulwilad flakuss vergiliusiseuli dasasru- 

li unda gaeziarebina. rogorc èneida~ mTavrdeba turnusis daZleviT da 

sikvdiliT, romelic eneasis fata-s asrulebas uSlis xels, aseve unda 

yofiliyo flakusis eposSi absirtusis faqtori iasonis ukanaskneli 

dabrkoleba, romelic mas xels uSlida samSobloSi dabrunebaSi. 

aqedan gamomdinare, apolonios rodoselTan vrclad warmodgenili 

argonavtebis ukan dabrunebis epizodebi sakmaod reducirebulia da kon- 

centrirebulia flakusTan an saerTod ar aris warmodgenili ufunqci- 

obis gamo. mokled gadavavloT Tvali am epizodebs: 

qorwili feakebTan: apoloniosTan mdevar kolxTa ori jgufia 

warmodgenili (Ap. Rhod. IV 303-328), flakusTan – erTi. apoloniosTan 

afsirtosi argonavtebs eweva jer kidev istrosis SesarTavSi Sesvlamde. 

meore jgufi ki maT mihyveba feakebis kunZulamde, rac iasonisa da medeas 

qorwinebas aCqarebs. ramdenadac flakusTan iasonisa da medeas qorwili 

46 H.-G. Nesselrath, Jason und Absyrtus – Überlegungen zum Ende von Valerius Flaccus’ Argonautica, in: Ratis 

omnia vincet. Neue Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, hg. v. U. Eigler, E. Lefèvre, 

München 1998, 349. 

26

istrosis SesarTavTan, kunZul pevkeze xdeba da masTan saerTod ar arse- 

bobs mdevar kolxTa meore jgufi, SegviZlia davuSvaT, rom flakusTan 

arc iyo dagegmili feakebTan argonavtebis misvla, ramdenadac wina- 

aRmdeg SemTxvevaSi es funqcias moklebuli iqneboda. 47 

kirke: apoloniosTan kirkes ekisreba funqcia, ganwmindos medea da 

iasoni Secodebisgan, rac afsirtosis mkvlelobiT Caidines. Tu imas 

davuSvebT, rom absirtusis mkvleloba flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~, ène- 

idis~ msgavsad, aris fata-s ganxorcielebisaTvis aucilebeli, maSin 

kirkesTan misvlis epizodic kargavs Tavis funqcias. garda amisa, meSvide 

wignSi kirkes saxiT venusi moevlineba medeas da mas iasonis sakeTil- 

dReod ganawyobs, ase rom, albaT Semdgom kidev kirkes CarTva ufunqcio 

iqneboda. am konteqstidan gamomdinare, Cans, rom kirke imyofeba medeasTan 

anu kolxidaSi da, Sesabamisad, gamoricxulia, davuSvaT, rom medea da 

iasoni absirtusis mkvlelobis Semdeg kirkesTan wavidodnen. 

e. w. òdiseas~ epizodebi: ris aRwerasac saguldagulod ekideba 

apoloniosi, ramdenadac Tavis poemaSi mraval eTnografiulsa Tu 

etiologiur eqskurss rTavs, nakleb sayuradRebod miiCnevs flakusi. 

masTan ukan dabrunebis zRapruli Tavgadasavali sagrZnoblad aris re- 

ducirebuli. romaeli epikosi gacilebiT met yuradRebas uTmobs kavka- 

siis geografiis da eTnografiuli masalis eqsponirebas, rasac aietsa da 

persess Soris kolxidaSi momxdari omis fonze warmogvidgens (am 

saintereso informaciis mxatvrulad gadmocemas eTmoba masTan mexuTe 

wignis umetesi nawili da mTlianad meeqvse wigni). 

dabrunebis marSruti: argonavtebis Tqmulebis damamuSavebel 

nawarmoebebSi argos samSobloSi dabrunebis gansxvavebuli marSrutebi 

arsebobs, rac, bunebrivia, ama Tu im epoqis mwerlisaTvis xelmisawvdom 

istoriul-geografiul codnas areklavda, Sesabamisad, geografiuli 

arealis gazrda iwvevda am sferoSi codnis gafarToebas da amasTan 

erTad xdeboda am informaciis saxecvalebac. dabrunebis yvelaze mokle 

marSruti hgavs gamgzavrebis marSruts, anu ukan Sav zRvaSi gasvla da 

simplegadebs Soris gacurva. valeriusma es marSruti Tavidanve Secvala, 

rodesac mesaWe erginusis piriT am mimarTulebiT curva SeuZleblad 

47 J. Adamietz, op. cit. 111. 

27

gamoacxada (8.180-183), masTan argonavtebma ar ician, rom simplegadebi ukve 

aRar moZraoben. erginusi miuTiTebs istrusis SesarTavze da, amdenad, 

flakusi arsebiTad mihyveba apoloniosis marSruts. valeriusis 

droisaTvis saocrad gazrdilia romis Tvalsawieri dasaxlebuli samya- 

ros Sesaxeb, romaelebis mier istrosis dapyrobam isic cxadyo, rom 

aranairi kavSiri mdinaris saSualebiT ar arsebobs adriatikis zRvasa da 

istross Soris. Cndeba kiTxva: ratom airCevda iseT marSruts flakusi, 

romlis usafuZvlobac misTvis im droisaTvis ukve cnobili iqneboda. 

hainc-giunTer nezelraTis azriT, miuxedavad imisa, rom flakusma kargad 

uwyoda, rom realuri geografiuli monacemebi ar Seesabameboda mis mier 

moTxrobils, mainc apoloniosis marSruti airCia istrosis gavliT, 

Tumca, garkveuli modifikaciiT. amas imiT asabuTebs, rom, savaraudod, 

iasonis mier absirtusis daZlevis Semdeg, flakusi, albaT, saerTod aRar 

gaagrZelebda momdevno punqtebis CamoTvlas. 48 

advili warmosadgenia, Tu ra rTuli misiis winaSe idga flakusi 

poemis Seqmnisas. mas unda gaeTvaliswinebina mdidari literaturuli 

tradicia, romelic misi eposis Seqmnas uZRoda win da amasTanave unda 

moexerxebina, individualuri yofiliyo yvelasaTvis cnobili Temis 

damuSavebisas. 

misdevs Tu ara romaeli poeti berZnul paradigmas da ramdenad 

originaluria igi tradiciuli ambis damuSavebisas? albaT, es aris is 

ZiriTadi kiTxva, romelsac valerius flakusis poema aRZravs. unda aRini- 

Snos, rom berZnulma modelma valerius flakusTan marTlac ganicada 

garkveuli saxecvlileba, oRond es naklebad Seexo poemis Sinaarsobriv 

mxares da ZiriTadad gmirTa moqmedebis motivaciaTa cvlilebaSi aisaxa. 

albaT, pirvel rigSi, swored tradiciad qceul motivaciaTa transforma- 

cia aris is, rac valerius flakusis Txzulebas originalursa da sainte- 

resos xdis. 

rogorc ukve iTqva, sruliad gansxvavebul WrilSi moCans iasonis ga- 

dawyvetileba, rodesac igi saxifaTo laSqrobisTvis emzadeba. romauli 

sazogadoeba iasonis siqveleSi ufro metad rom daerwmunebina, flakusi 

Tavis eposSi rTavs axal epizods – persessa da aiets Soris momxdar oms. 

48 H.-G. Nesselrath, op. cit. 353-4. 

28

swrafva saxelis mosapoveblad – am ideiT aris gamsWvaluli iasoni da 

TviT argonavtebi. flakusTan gansxvavebulad aris motivirebuli medeas sa- 

qcieli, rodesac igi ucxotomels exmareba. medea aRSfoTebulia mamis usa- 

marTlobiT, romelmac stumrisTvis micemuli sityva gatexa. sainteresod 

aris gadawyvetili absirtusis scenac, tradiciis Tanaxmad, medeam satrfos 

mcirewlovani Zma aakuwina. valerius flakusi ki mas mamac, daundobel, 

ubadlo meomrad warmogvidgens, romelic iasonsac emuqreba da mis samSob- 

losac (8. 270-9). 49 marTalia, aq flakusis poema wydeba da absirtusis mkvle- 

loba aRwerili aRar aris, magram mkiTxvelisTvis cxadia, rom iasoni misi 

mokvliT mxolod sakuTar Tavs ki ara, samSoblosac daicavs. 

ramdenadac calke TavSi dawvrilebiT vimsjelebT medeas, aietisa 

da absirtusis Sesaxeb, amjerad yuradRebas iasonze SevaCerebT; flakusi 

am personaJs apolonios rodoselisagan da mTeli miTografiuli tradi- 

ciisagan ramdenadme gansxvavebulad warmogvidgens. misi iasoni sakmaod 

racionalurad moqmedebs, saRad afasebs Seqmnil mdgomareobas da 

umeteswilad swor gadawyvetilebamde midis da, rac yvelaze mTavaria, 

igi xSir SemTxvevaSi iniciativas sakuTar Tavze iRebs. is arsebiTi 

Strixi, rac iasons apolonios rodoselis mier warmodgenili persona- 

Jisgan gamoarCevs, aris racionalurad msjelobis unari, swrafi reagire- 

ba rTul situaciaSi, mobilizeba, iniciativis xelSi aReba – yovelive es 

sruliad ucxoa apolonios rodoselis iasonisaTvis. 

SeiZleba Tavisuflad iTqvas, rom iasoni ubadlo oratoria. 

rodesac is sityvas warmoTqvams, axerxebs gonivruli aqcentebis dasmas, 

ori SesaZlo variantidan xelsayreli versiis arCevas; rodesac esonidi 

peliasisgan rTul davalebas moismens, gansjis, rom ar Seefereba uaris 

Tqma, amitom unda dasTanxmdes mefes, Tumca amasTanave imasac moisazrebs, 

rac peliass rTul situaciaSi Caagdebs (1.152-155). 50 am mizniT daiyoliebs 

iasoni mefis vaJs (sagulisxmoa, rom apolonios rodoselTan akastusi 

Tavisi gadawyvetilebiT midis salaSqrod), gahyves Soreul naosnobaSi. 

49 arsebobs, sxva tradiciac, romlis mixedviTac, afsirtosi argonavtebis kolxidaSi 

Casvlis momentisaTvis axalgazrda ymawvilia da gancalkevebiT cxovrobs sakuTar 

sasaxleSi (Ap. Rhod. III 241). 

50 miuxedavad imisa, rom iasonma icis, SesaZloa, ubedureba mis axloblebs daatydeT 

Tavs da gamgzavrebisTanave saSineli winaTgrZnoba ipyrobs (1.693-699), mainc ar cvlis gadawyvetilebas. 

29

mis mier akastusis mimarT warmoTqmul sityvaSi ramdenime mniSvnelovan 

faqtorze gavamaxvilebT yuradRebas: 1. maqsimalurad moqmedebs mis Tav- 

moyvareobaze: ambobs, rom arc telamoni arc kanTusi, arc idasi da arc 

tindaridi ise ar imsaxurebs oqros sawmiss, rogorc akastusi (1.166-7); 2. 

spekulirebs saxelis ukvdavebis TemiT: `rodesac me ukan davbrundebi, 

Sen Segrcxveba Cveni saxelovani saqmeebis, roca ucxo xalxebis Sesaxeb 

movyvebi, Sen guli dagwydeba~. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, iasoni sakmaod 

lakonuri sityviT aRwevs sasurvel Sedegs: am sityvebis Semdeg akastusi 

hpirdeba iasons, rom mamas gamoepareba da salaSqrod mas gahyveba. ufro 

metic, iasonis sityvebma imdenad imoqmedes mis pativmoyvareobaze, rom 

akastusi madlobasac ki uxdis imisaTvis, rom saSualebas aZlevs 

siqveleSi Tavis gamoiCinos (1. 174ff). 

iasonis karg oratorobaze metyvelebs is faqtic, rom mas SeuZlia 

saWiro dros Sesaferisi sityvis Tqma: argonavtebis gamgzavrebis win 

mopsusi da idmoni or erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebul misnobas iZlevian: 51 

mopsusi sakmaod bnel ferebSi warmoadgens argonavtebis mosalodnel 

xvedrs, idmonis ki piriqiT, gacilebiT ufro imedis momcemia; saguli- 

sxmoa, rom iasoni yuradRebas swored idmonis misnobaze amaxvilebs da 

mimarTavs jars: `ramdenadac SeityveT RvTaebaTa neba, Zala moikribeT da 

mamaTa Tavdajerebuloba gamoiCineT. me ar msurs gavkicxo Tesalieli 

mmarTvelis ganzraxva an mzakvruli eSmakoba. RvTaeba mogviwodebs keTi- 

li niSniT. TviT iupiters surs miwaze laSqroba da rom adamianebs rTu- 

li saqme hqondeT. momyeviT, am saqmeebs mere gavixsenebT, rac samomavlod 

waaqezebs Cvens Svilebsac~ (1.241ff.). 

iasoni yovelTvis axerxebs sasurveli Sedegis misaRwevad Tavisi 

azris damalvasa da SeniRbvas: friqsusis sakurTxevelTan da heles keno- 

tafTan (5.194-209) warmoTqmul sityvaSi misTvis `saSiSi da saZulveli~ 

mxare Semkobilia iseTi epiTetebiT, rom aSkaraa, iasoni am SemTxvevaSic 

ar avlens sakuTar ganwyobas. Tavidan aqcents akeTebs naTesaobaze da 

mfarvelobasa da Semweobas sTxovs friqsuss am ucxo qveyanaSi. heles 

eubneba, kvlav rodis eRirseba mis zRvaSi gacurva da rodis ixilavs 

51 E. Lefèvre, "Die Opfer-Szene im ersten Buch (1,184-254) und das Iason-Bild in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica" in 

M. Korn and H.J. Tschiedel (edd.), Ratis omnia vincet. Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, 

Hildesheim 1991, 173-180. 

30

zRva kvlav oqros sawmiss. kolxidas moixseniebs rogorc `stumarTmoyva- 

re sanapiros~ da sTxovs aCvenos, Tu sad mdebareobs oqros sawmisi, fa- 

siss moixseniebs ìupiteris Zed~ (mxolod am adgilas 5.204) da adarebs 

did enipevss. komplimentebs ar iSurebs medeasTvisac, rodesac is pirve- 

lad Sexvdeba qalwuls (5.378-390): 52 `qalRmerTi xar, maRali olimpos mSve- 

neba, Tavisuflebis moyvarulT miyavxar kavkasiel nimfebs TavianT mdina- 

reebTan, Seni saxli Tu miwazea da aq aris Seni modgma, bednieria bavSvis 

mSoblebi da bednieria is, vinc saxlSi wagiyvans da daiwindeba Senze 

samaradJamod. magram daexmare, dedofalo, mamac ucxoelTa laSqars, 

warCinebuli berZnebi viTxovT TavSesafars, wagviyvane Tqvens mbrZanebel- 

Tan, vinc ar unda iyos igi. gTxov, gvaswavle, rodis davelaparakoT da 

rogor. me, ucxoels, gasaWirSi RmerTma gamomigzavna Seni Tavi. Sen mogan- 

dobT yvelafers, rac gvabadia~. qeba ise kargad moqmedebs medeaze, rom 

kolxi qalwuli TviTon miaswavlis iasons aietis sasaxlisaken mimaval 

gzas. 

iasoni medeas komplimentebiT avsebs maSinac, rodesac mefis asuli 

xarebis dauRlvaSi gauwevs daxmarebas; xotbas asxams, rom misi 

mgzavrobis erTaderTi mizezia, udidesi saganZuria, romelic samSoblo- 

Si mihyveba, ra mosatania aq oqros sawmisi, misi xomaldisaTvis xom isic 

sakmarisia, rom is ipova: 

'o decus in nostros magnum ventura penates 

solaque tantarum virgo haud indigna viarum 

causa reperta mihi, iam non ulla requiro 

vellera teque meae satis est vexisse carinae (8.37-40) 

mxolod amis Semdeg amJRavnebs iasoni Tavis namdvil survils, rom mas 

surs, medea oqros sawmisis mopovebaSic daexmaros: 

verum age et hoc etiam, quando potes, adice tantis 

muneribus meritisque tuis. namque aurea iussi 

terga referre sumus (8. 41-43) 53 

52 

bunebrivia, aq gvaxsendeba cnobili scena òdiseadan~, rodesac odisevsi navsikaas 

xvdeba. 

53 `magram modi, Sen xom SegiZlia, esec daumate yvela Sens damsaxurebas da ZRvens: 

oqros sawmisi unda Cavitano samSobloSi~. 

31

Tumca aq imas SeniSnavs, rom ara mxolod sakuTari TavisaTvis iRwvis, 

aramed `megzurebis saxelisaTvis~ socios ea gloria tangit (37-43). 

yvelaze efeqturad iasoni, udavod, kolxidaSi aris eqsponirebu- 

li; 54 mivyveT movlenebs Tanamimdevrulad: 

argonavtebi kolxidaSi CasvlisTanave sakmaod rTuli amocanis 

winaSe aRmoCndnen. ar ician, rogor warsdgnen aietis winaSe da gamoTqvan 

TavianTi Txovna. iasoni amCnevs Tavisi Tanamgzavrebis Secbunebas, miuxe- 

davad imisa, rom TviTonac ar aris mTlad Tavis TavSi darwmunebuli, 

cdilobs maT mobilizebas, upirveles yovlisa, imis gaTviTcnobierebiT, 

rom maT uamravi safrTxe gamoiares zRvaze da miaRwies im mxares, rome- 

lic maT winaprebsac ki SiSs hgvrida; miniebis daZabunebis gansaqarveb- 

lad iasoni imasac ki ambobs, risi TviTonac ar sjera, Tanamgzavrebs 

amxnevebs, rom aietis samyofeli sulac ar aris Suagul CrdiloeTSi, 

aramed mziani mxarea da arc misi mmarTveli unda iyos saSiSi kaci: 

'quod primum ingentibus ausis 

optavistis' ait 'veterumque quod horruit aetas, 

adsumus en tantumque fretis enavimus orbem. 

nec pelagi nos mille viae nec fama fefellit 

Soligenam Aeeten media regnare sub Arcto. 

ergo ubi lux altum sparget mare, tecta petenda 

urbis et ignoti mens experienda tyranni. 

adnuet ipse, reor, neque exorabile certe 

quod petimus. sin vero preces et dicta superbus 

respuerit, iam nunc animos firmate repulsae 

quaque via patriis referamus vellera terris, 

stet potius: rebus semper pudor absit in artis.' (5.313-324) 55 

54 im momentamde, vidre igi aietis tradiciul davalebas miiRebs. aqedan moyolebuli 

flakusis iasoni kvlav apolonios rodoselis iasons emsgavseba. es, albaT, imiTac aris 

ganpirobebuli, rom aq flakusi Zalian ver daSordeboda tradiciul siuJets. 

55 `rasac adre ase gabedulad eswrafodiT da rac ase SiSs hgvrida winaparTa modgmas, 

aq varT yvela, davipyariT zRviT uzarmazari sivrceebi, ar dagvWirvebia xangrZlivi 

mgzavroba, arc is yofila marTali, rom aieti Suagul CrdiloeTSi mefobs, aq mze 

anaTebs, unda gavemarToT qalaqSi, gamoviZioT ucxo mmarTvelis buneba. vfiqrob, namdvilad 

ar gvetyvis uars, iseTic xom araferi gvsurs, rac SeuZlebelia. im SemTxevevaSi, 

Tu Txovnaze amayad uars gvetyvis, guli SeimzadeT amisTvis, movifiqroT, Tu ra gziT 

davabrunebT sawmiss samSobloSi, sircxvili Sors aseT rTul saqmeSi~. 

32

vfiqrobT, iasonis oratoruli niWi yvelaze metad aietisadmi mimarTul 

pirvel sityvaSi gamovlinda (5.471-518). igi sakmaod ostaturad agebs 

sityvas, sworad svams aqcentebs: 

a) iasonma kargad icis, rom Seqeba da komplimentebi sasiamovnod 

moqmedebs msmenelze: sityvis dasawyisSi aiets uwodebs hiperionis Zes rex 

Hyperionide (471), RmerTebma swored is gaxades Rirsi, rom yofiliyo sana- 

osno laSqrobis wamowyebis mizezi quem per freta tanta petendum/caelicolae et prima 

dignum statuere carina (471-2); sityvis Sua nawilSi SeniSnavs, rom aieti mas ar 

miaCnia iseT usamarTlo mefed, rogoradac peliasma dausaxa, aramed misi 

samarTlianobis imedi aqvs (491-494); sityvis dasasrulsac ar iviwyebs 

kompliments: Cemma mefem gangeb airCia Seni qveyana civi kavkasiis mxare, 

romelic Seni mmarTvelobis qveS lamazad viTardeba quem te horrifero sortitus 

in axe / Caucasus atque tuis quantum mitescat habenis (517-518). 

b) informacias iZleva sakuTari warmomavlobis Sesaxeb: aRniSnavs, 

rom friqsusis modgmis arian (473-478, 499-500), axsenebs aseve aietis 

SviliSvilebs, romlebic aseve naTesavebad ergebaT orive mxares. iasoni 

yuradRebas amaxvilebs Tavis damsaxurebebsa da sakuTar Zlevamosileba- 

ze: izruna xomaldis agebaze, gmirebis moxmobaze; bebrikTa qveyanaSic ki, 

rodesac maTma mefem stumarTmoyvareoba ar gamoiCina, sakadrisad azRve- 

vina, rom iasoni da misi megzurebi RvTiuri sisxlisani arian, xomalds 

ki minerva mfarvelobs (495-504). ufro metic, iasoni Tavis Tavs alkids 

adarebs (479-488), rogorc evrisTevsma alkids, msgavsad misca mas 

peliasma rTuli davaleba. 

g) mxolod amis Semdeg gaandobs iasoni aiets sakuTar survils: 

`bolos da bolos movaRwieT kolxidas, da gxedavT Sen iseTs, rogoric 

gadmocemiT vicodiT (505-506). ar ganurisxde miniebs, radgan ar viTxov 

arafers CvenTvis ucxos, rac ar egebis Cvens qveyanas. Tu samarTali 

arsebobs, damijere, rom igi friqsuss miecema da friqsusi miitans 

mamiseul penatebTan~ (505-510). 

d) iasons ar aviwydeba ZRvenis boZebac: aiets miarTmevs yvelaze 

Zvirfas, mSoblebis mier naCuqar aRvirs, mocimcime TvlebiT mooWvil 

xmals da dedis mier moqargul teneriuli brinjaos feris qlamiss, 

romelzec gamosaxuli iyo mojiriTe lapiTi (511-515). 

33

sainteresoa, ra reaqcia aqvs iasons, aietis Txovnaze, daexmaros mas 

persesis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. igi Tavzardacemulia, rom zRvaze amdeni 

dabrkolebis gadalaxvis Semdeg, iZulebulia kvlav omze ifiqros, Tumca 

ise aSfoTebs persesis saqcieli, romelic garkveulwilad mas 

dabrkolebas uqmnis, rom Tanaxmaa, aietis gamowveva miiRos: `rTuli 

davaleba aqac ar gvaklia, zRvaze Wirvaramnaxulebs aseTi dRec 

wamogvewia, omi aris Cemi bediswera. persesma ara naklebad unda zRos 

samagiero SerkinebebiT Cemi Seferxebisa da xelis SeSlisaTvis~ (5.542-546) 

_ eubneba igi aiets. 

rodesac iasons sawmisis miRebis imedi gaucruvdeba da aietisgan 

axal davalebas miiRebs (7.35-77), rTul mdgomareobaSi aRmoCndeba. uzo- 

mod didia esonidis mrisxaneba (maesta stabat defixus in ira, 7. 82), Tumca am Sem- 

TxvevaSic axerxebs igi Tavis Sekavebas, Rirseul pasuxs scems mefes da 

yuradRebas imaze amxvilebs, rom misTvis mTavaria saxelis moxveWa, Rir- 

seuli sikvdili da ara uaris Tqma micemul rTul davalebaze: 

'non' ait 'hos reditus, non hanc, Aeeta, dedisti 

spem Minyis cum prima tuis pro moenibus arma 

induimus. quo versa fides? quos vestra volutant 

iussa dolos? alium hic Pelian, alia aequora cerno. 

quin agite [et] hoc omnes odiisque urgete tyranni 

imperiisque caput: numquam mihi dextera nec spes 

defuerit. mos iussa pati nec cedere duris. 

unum oro, seu me illa suis seges obruet hastis 

hauriet adverso seu crastinus ignis hiatu, 

nuntius hinc saevas Peliae mittatur ad aures 

hic periisse viros et me, si vestra fuisset 

ulla fides, reducem patriae potuisse referri.' (7. 89-100) 56 

56 àseT imeds ar maZlevdi, aiet, maSin, rodesac upirvelesni viRebdiT xelSi iaraRs 

Sens kedlebTan. sad gaqra erTguleba? ra eSmakobas malavs Tqveni [aietis da peliasis] 

sityva? me aq kvlav vxedav peliass da Semdgom mgzavrobas. yvela tirani siZulviliTa 

da brZanebebiT maviwrovebT. magram arasodes momecareba marjvena da imedi. me miCveuli 

var brZaneba Sevasrulo, advils gverdi avuqcio. erTs gTxov, rodesac is xnulidan aRmocenebuli 

maxvils Camcems an xval Semmusravs mtruli xaxidan amosuli cecxli, macne 

gaugzavne, peliasis mrisxane yurebs miswvdes, rom aq daiRupnen gmirebi da neba mieci 

saxlSi wamasvenon~. 

34

iasoni pirobis dacvas rom ufrTxildeba, maSinac Cans, rodesac 

medea colad mohyavs, mxolod imitom, rom sityva misca. unda aRiniSnos, 

rom valerius flakusTan, imdenad ramdenadac mdevari kolxebi ar iTxo- 

ven medeas dabrunebas, moxsnilia saswrafo qorwinebis motivaciac. kol- 

xididan gamgzavrebis Semdeg, vidre kolxi mdevrebi gamoCndebian, manamde 

iqorwineben isini kunZul pevkeze, mxolod imitom, rom medeas Sehpirda 

iasoni da sityvas ver gatexda da, albaT, imitomac, raTa maTi urTierTo- 

ba TanamgzavrTa TvalSi gaemarTlebina (ac primum socios ausus sua pacta docere | 

promissamque fidem thalami foedusque iugale, 8. 221-2). Tu apolonios rodoselTan 

medeas kolxebisaTvis gadacemis saqmes mefe alkinoosi wyvets, anu iq 

iasons Suamavali hyavs, flakusTan mas TviTon uwevs gadawyvetilebis 

miReba. erTi mxriv, man unda gaiTvaliswinos megzurebis (sociis, 404) azri 

da, meore mxriv, sikvdili urCevnia Tavisi cxovrebis megzuris safrTxeSi 

Cagdebas (...mortemque cupit sociamque pericli | cogitat, 8. 403-4), magram erTic 

cxadia, rom man gadawyvetileba unda miiRos da ganaCeni gamoaqvs 

Tanamgzavrebis sasargeblod. is iyo man daapira Tavisi gadawyvetilebis 

Tqma miniebisaTvis, rom qariSxali dawynarda da maT SesaZlebloba 

miecaT gaegrZelebinaT mgzavroba, iasonmac Tavisi mZime gadawyvetileba 

aRar gaamxila (8. 406-407). flakusi am momentSic iasons Rirseul 

pozicias unarCunebs; marTalia, medea mainc xvdeba iasonis ganwyobas, 

Tumca Tu rogor imarTla Tavi iasonma medeas gasakicx sityvaze, 

samwuxarod teqstis Cvenamde mouRwevlobis gamo, ucnobia. 

unda aRiniSnos erTi garemoebac: vidre iasoni medeas sTxovs 

daxmarebas oqros sawmisis mopovebis Taobaze, igi udavod gmirisaTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli TvisebebiT aris aRWurvili, magram sakmarisia, man medeas 

sTxovos daxmareba, masze damokidebuli xdeba da garkveulwilad kargavs 

Rirsebas. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom ramdenadac aq ukve tradiciul 

davalebasTan gvaqvs saqme, flakusma gangeb aarida Tavi zedmet trans- 

formacias da am nawilSi, anu tradiciuli davalebis Sesrulebis 

momentSi, iasoni marTlac apolonios rodoselis iasons mogvagonebs. 

Tumca is, rom flakusis iasoni ar warmoadgens moralurad uzado gmirs, 

ar qmnis Seusabamobas, piriqiT is maqsimalurad aris miaxlovebuli Tavisi 

adamianuri sisusteebiT Cveulebriv mokvdavTan. iasoni arc unda iyos 

35

srulyofilebis nimuSi: is arc RmerTebis Svilia da arc romaeli. erTi 

aSkaraa, flakusi cdilobs, moaxdinos iasonis, rogorc gmiris reabili- 

tacia, CamoaSoros an Searbilos iseTi Tvisebebi, rac gmirs ar Sehferis 

da aRWurvos axali TvisebebiT. Sesabamisad, iasonis xasiaTSi Tavs iCens 

iseTi Strixebi, rasac flakusamdel literaturul tradiciaSi parale- 

li ar moepoveba. 

es rac Seexeboda mTavar gmirTa motivaciebs, axla Tvali 

gadavavloT tradiciul siuJetur elementebs. valerius flakusisTvis, 

erTi mxriv, mniSvnelovani iyo istoriul-geografiuli informacia, rome- 

lic Cadebuli iyo argonavtebis miTSi, radganac es, rogorc aRiniSna, 

exmianeboda romis imperiis eqspansias anatoliasa da SavizRvispireTSi, 

amave dros, rogorc mwerlisTvis, saintereso iyo wminda mxatvruli as- 

peqtic. marTlac, mravalplaniani Tqmuleba, daxunZluli faTerakebiani 

mogzaurobis, ZalauflebisTvis brZolisa da trfobis motivebiT, imTa- 

viTve saukeTeso masala unda yofiliyo SemoqmedisTvis. valerius 

flakusma Seqmna poema, romelic TiTqosda erTmaneTisgan damoukidebeli, 

magram erTmaneTTan mWidrod gadawnuli ambebisgan Sedgeba. marTalia, 

misi poemac, rogorc apolonios rodoselis eposi, linearuli xasiaTi- 

saa, anu warmogvidgens eqspediciis dasawyiss da ama Tu im adgilas 

SeCerebis ambebs, magram SeiZleba iTqvas, flakusis poemas amTlianebs 

mTavari idea – sazRvao gzis gaxsna da sxva xalxebTan dakavSirebis 

SesaZlebloba, Sesabamisad, masTan ukana planze inacvlebs oqros 

sawmisis Tema. igi scildeba viwro CarCoebs da iupiteris samyaros gegmis 

saxiT gvTavazobs axal koncefcias. TavisTavad translatio imperii-s idea 

axali ar aris da dasturdeba antikur istoriografosebTan, magram 

argonavtebis Temaze am koncefciis morgeba swored flakusis novatoro- 

baa. flakusis Txzulebas gansxvavebul elfers aniWebs isic, rom poetma 

gamotova zogierTi epizodi (glavkosis epizodi, herakles brZola geas 

naSierebTan, aresis kunZulze friqsosis Svilebis gadarCena da maTi 

Suamdgomloba aietTan kolxidaSi, argonavtTa Tavgadasavali egeosis 

zRvaSi da sxv.) da gantvirTa poema mravali mosawyeni, skrupulozuri 

detalisgan. meore mxriv, ki Caamata zogierTi iseTi epizodi, romelic 

saerTod ar gvxvdeba apolonios rodoselTan, an, Tu gvxvdeba, akumuli- 

36

ebuli saxiT da moqmedebis ganviTarebisaTvis aranairi daniSnuleba ar 

aqvs: magaliTad, hesiones ganTavisufleba, esonisa da alkimedes si- 

kvdili, persesisa da aietis omi kolxidaSi. romaeli poetis mxatvruli 

teqnika rTulia da amave dros, daxvewili. is axerxebs imgvarad aagos 

Txroba, rom mkiTxvels erTgvari ukmarisobis gancda daeuflos, moTxro- 

bili ambavi Tavis TavSi ar amoiwuros, daumTavrebeli darCes da 

gaaRvivos Semdgomi interesi. amgvar `Sewyvetil~ ambebs poeti, rogorc 

wesi, Semdeg kvlav agrZelebs. aseTia Tundac medeas siyvarulis amsaxve- 

li metad lakonuri scena (7. 1-25), romelic odnav mogvianebiT iSleba da 

viTardeba (7. 103-140). ar SeiZleba aqve ar vaxsenoT flakusis midrekile- 

ba, Semoifarglos mxolod miniSnebebiT, iTvaliswinebs ra, rom mis 

àrgonavtikas~ am TemaSi kargad gaTviTcnobierebuli mkiTxveli ecnoba. 

aseTi adgilebi bundovania da, rig SemTxvevaSi, Zneli amosacnobia, Tu 

romel wyaros eyrdnoba avtori an romeli wyaros variacias gvTavazobs. 

gansakuTrebiT xSiria masTan antonomasiebi. a. m., pirvel wignSi 

moxseniebuli Thracius ... sacerdos (I. 85) eWvgareSea, rom flakusi aq orfevss 

gulisxmobs, Tumca es ise ar unda gavigoT, rom orfevsi flakusTan 

qurumis funqcias asrulebs. aSkaraa flakusi cdilobs, Zalian ar da- 

Sordes tradiciul versias, amdenad frTxilad ekideba istoriul- 

geografiul informacias. gacilebiT ufro Tavisufalia igi ama Tu im 

siuJeturi elementis interpretaciisas. aq Tvals gadavavlebT mniSvnelo- 

van epizodebs, romlebic apoloniosTan mimarTebaSi sxvaobas gviCvenebs, 

erT SemTxvevaSi, Tu flakusi minimalurad amoklebs ambavs, meore Sem- 

TxvevaSi, ganavrcobs mas mTeli Tavisi poeturi STagonebiT. 

• friqsusisa da heles ambavi 57 

flakusi arsebiTad mihyveba berZen winamorbeds friqsusisa da heles 

ambis gadmocemisas, Tumca Secvlilia maTTan dakavSirebuli motivaciebi 

da funqcia. peliasi friqsusis ambavs iyenebs imisaTvis, rom iasons dau- 

sabuTos kolxidaSi laSqrobis aucilebloba. mouTxrobs iasons, rom 

aietma nadimis dros mokla friqsusi, rom xSirad xedavs sizmrad sevdian 

ymawvils, romelic mas SurisZiebisaken mouwodebs; amasve sTxovs helec 

57 Sdr. Ov. Fasti, III 852-876; Hyg. Fab. III; Sen. Troad. 1034-1038. 

37

(1. 41-52; Sdr. 64-66). amitom moxuci mefe, romelsac uwindeburad Zala 

aRar Seswevs, axalgazrda da Zlevamosil Zmiswuls avalebs, aRasrulos 

sagmiro saqme da waarTvas aiets oqros sawmisi. Tumca, rogorc cnobi- 

lia, flakusis mixedviT, realurad aiets danaSauli ar Caudenia 

friqsusis mimarT. piriqiT, didi pativiT miiRo, sakuTari asuli miaTxova 

colad; gadaafiqrebina gadawyvetileba, Suri eZia dedinacval inoze 

(1.520-524). poemidan imasac vityobT, rom rodesac mxcovani friqsusi 

gardaicvala, pativiT dakrZales kolxidaSi (5.185f.). motivacias isic 

aZlierebs, rom aTamasi valerius flakusTan aris kreTevsis Svili (5.476- 

478; Sdr. 2.611) da ara Zma, rogorc Zvel miTosSi (Hes. F. 10a, 25-28; Apollod. 

1.51; Ap. Rhod. II 1162). Sesabamisad, friqsusi, hele, peliasi da iasoni 

kreTevsis xaziT erTi da imave Stos warmomadgenlebi arian. 

ugulebelyofilia apoloniosiseuli peliasis argumenti, rom 

daukrZalavi friqsusi manam ver povebs simSvides, vidre wesisamebr ar 

daikrZaleba. flakusi tyavSi dakrZalvis wess sxva formiT, kerZod, 

kremaciiT anacvlebs, amdenad, peliasis argumentacia funqcias kargavs 

flakusTan. man elinisti winamorbedisgan gansxvavebiT SeZlo friqsusis 

roli mniSvnelovanwilad gaezarda da mas misnis funqcias akisrebs. 

friqsusi figurirebs aietis motivaciaSic: ar gasces oqros sawmisi. mefe 

xedavs caze gamosaxul verZs da Caesmis friqsusis xma, romelic 

afrTxilebs, rom, roca sawmiss gaitaceben, es misi mmarTvelobis 

dasasrulis momaswavebeli iqneba da rom medea ar unda darCes mamiseul 

saxlSi (5.226-243; Sdr. 1.742f.; 5.528-531). friqsusis msgavsad flakusTan 

helesac garkveulwilad misnis fuqcia aqvs. heles piriTac iasonisaTvis 

mniSvnelovani misnoba cxaddeba. hele, romelic argonavtebs 

helespontosSi ecxadeba (2.587-612), gmirebs mniSvnelovan informacias 

gadascems: afrTxilebs, rom win siZneleebi elodebaT (te quoque.../regna 

infesta domus fatisque simillima nostris/fata ferunt, II. 593f.), sastik skviTebTan 

Sexvedra moeliT; uxsnis, Tu sad mdebareobs friqsusis ormagi sakurTxe- 

veli. iasons hele ecxadeba kolxidaSic. heles Sesaxeb imasac vigebT, 

rom mas gadasces skiptra da did pativSia zRvis fskerze neptunusTan 

38

erTad (2.585-608). 58 zogierTi mecnieri miiCnevs, rom heles gamocxadebas 

izolirebuli adgili uWiravs poemaSi, Tumca, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, 

rom pirvelive wignSi orfevsis simRera friqsussa da heles ambis 

gadmocemas eZRvneba, da mexuTe wignSic, argonavtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis 

momentisaTvis, kvlav intensificirebulia maTi saxeebi, es gvaZlevs 

safuZvels vivaraudoT, rom maT Soris organuli kavSiria. vfiqrobT, arc 

is unda iyos SemTxveviTi, rom kolxidaSi gamarTul omSi, aietis 

winaaRmdeg ibrZvis skviTi sardali, romelsac, miuxedavad skviTuri 

warmomavlobisa, friqsusi hqvia, SesaZloa, flakuss am gamogonili 

personaJis saxiT surda, mxatvrulad gamoexata eolidi friqsusis 

ukmayofileba, radgan aietma mas ar daujera da argonavtebs ar gadasca 

sawmisi. sagulisxmoa, isic, rom friqsusis jars win miuZRvis maRal 

Wolokze aRmarTuli priala bewviani da oqrosrqebiani furis 

gamosaxuleba, romelsac kvlav dianas WalaSi dabruneba swadia. esec, 

SesaZloa, iyos miniSneba oqros verZze, romelic, iupiteris samyaros 

gegmis Tanaxmad, eladaSi unda dabrundes, amas ki aieti ewinaaRmdegeba. 

• argonavtTa katalogi 

stabiluri nusxis ararsebobis fonze apolonios rodoselma itvirTa 

eqspediciaSi monawile gmirTa katalogis Seqmna da mniSvnelovanwilad 

moaxdina kidec misi sistematizacia. maTgan mxolod erTi nawili figuri- 

rebs mogzaurobis procesSi, rasakvirvelia, garkveul epizodTan dakavSi- 

rebiT. am epizodebSi xdeba, erTi mxriv, laSqrobaSi monawile gmiris ra- 

ime maxasiaTebeli StrixiT aqcentireba, meore mxriv, ikveTebian is perso- 

naJebic, romlebic garkveul funqcias asruleben isev da isev romelime 

gmiris warmosadgenad. apoloniosTan dasaxelebulia RvTaebrivi STamo- 

mavlobis 55 gmiri, flakusTan ki 52; Tu ar CavTvliT iasons, herkuless, 

hilass da akastuss, aseTi Tanafardoba gveqneba: 51 argonavti 

apoloniosTan da 48 flakusTan. 59 apoloniosi asaxelebs 9 miniels, rome- 

lic flakusTan ar gvxvdeba, maT sanacvlod flakuss 6 sxva axali argo- 

navti Semohyavs. am eqvsi argonavtisgan sams: filoqtetess, nestors, ti- 

devss flakusi argonavtebis laSqrobasTan akavSirebs, Tumca maT ar 

58 poseidonisa da heles siyvarulis motivi hesiodesTanac gvxvdeba. 

59 higinusTan 74 monawile moixsenieba (Hyg. fab. XIV). 

39

akisrebs mniSvnelovan funqcias; danarCeni sami ki, rogorc sxva wyaroebi 

mowmoben, argonavtebis laSqrobasTan arian dakavSirebulni: devkalioni 

da ibisi gvxvdebian higinusTan, ifisi ki dasturdeba apoloniosis sqo- 

lionSi (4.223f.). flakusma Secvala argonavtTa raodenoba, zogierT gmirs 

gansxvavebuli funqcia (igulisxmeba macnis [exioni] da mesaWis [erginusi] 

funqcia) mianiWa. zogierTi gmiris mniSvnelovneba Seamcira (pelevsi / 

idasi), zogis ki gazarda (misnebi: idmoni, mopsusi; telamoni, meleagrusi). 

ikveTeba aseve erTi saintereso kanonzomiereba argonavtebis rogorc er- 

Tiani jgufis reaqciebis gamoxatvisas. Tu apoloniosTan mTeli jgufi 

gamoxatavda sixaruls, SiSs an imedgacruebas, flakusTan es reaqciebi 

erT romelime kerZo personaJzea misadagebuli, kerZod, iasonze. es arc 

aris gasakviri, radgan flakuss surda, iasonis aqcentirebiT misi roli 

mniSvnelovnad gaezarda da eneasis msgavsad àrgonavtikis~ wamyvan 

gmirad esonidi eqcia. 60 

• lemnosi 

lemnoseli qalebis mier sakuTari qmrebis amoxocvis ambavi did interess 

imsaxurebda berZnul tradiciaSi (Apollod. 1. 114f.; 357f.). es epizodi sakmaod 

adre daukavSirda argonavtebis Tqmulebas da misi erT-erTi stabiluri 

nawili gaxda. 61 es ganxorcielda epizodSi hifsipilesa da iasonis sasi- 

yvarulo Tavgadasavlis CarTviT. 62 orive es momenti sainteresod aris Se- 

zavebuli apolonios rodoselTan. elinisti winamorbedisagan gansxva- 

vebiT flakusma am epizods sxva elferi SesZina. misTvis mniSvnelovania 

ara uSualod im mxaris aRwera, sadac argonavtebi pirvelad SeCerdnen 

kolxidisaken mimaval gzaze, aramed TviT argonavtebis damokidebuleba 

lemnosze ganviTarebul ambebTan. amitom flakusi detalurad mogvi- 

Txrobs im ambebsac, romlebic argonavtebis lemnoselebTan stumrobas 

uZRoda win. igi imdenad aris gatacebuli am ambis mxatvruli inter- 

pretaciiT, rom miTologiuri tradiciisaTvis ucnob, damatebiT persona- 

Jebsac ki igonebs TxrobisaTvis meti dinamiurobis misaniWeblad. striqo- 

60 

A.J. Kleywegt, Die "anderen" Argonauten, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 225-237. 

61 

Sdr. W. Bahrenfuß, Die Abenteuer der Argonauten auf Lemnos bei Apollonios Rhodios, Valerius Flaccus, 

Papinius Statius. Diss., Kiel 1951. 

62 

iasonisa da hifsipiles siyvarulis Tavgadasavals gadmogvcemen: Ov. Heroid. VI; Hyg. fab. 

XV. 

40

nebis moculoba orive avtorTan TiTqmis Tanabaria (apolonios rodo- 

selTan 300 str. I.609-909, flakusTan 346 str.), rac Seexeba epizodis 

struqturas, flakusTan ambavi iwyeba im istoriiT aRweriT, rac 

lemnoseli qalebis mier kacebis amoxocvas uZRoda win (2.82-106), amas 

mosdevs kacebis amoxocvis ambavi (107-241), hifsipiles mier mamis gadarCe- 

nis epizodi (242-310), argonavtebis misvla lemnosze (311-427). erTi Se- 

xedviT, flakusi misdevs apolonioss, Tumca, Tu SevadarebT am or ver- 

sias, TvalsaCino gaxdeba gansxvavebac. daviwyoT preistoriiT: apoloni- 

osTan lemnoseli mamakacebi usircxvilod Ralatoben colebs (1. 611-614). 

qalebi urisxdebian kipriss mamakacTa Ralatis gamo da aRar swiraven mas 

msxverpls. amis gamo qalRmerTi aRagznebs maT SurisZiebisaTvis (1. 614- 

619). mamakacebma realurad TavianTi saqcieliT daimsaxures qalebis 

risxva. flakusma TxrobaSi CarTo olimposelTa perspeqtiva, riTac 

surda daesabuTebina, erTi mxriv, iupiteris da, meore mxriv, vulkanusisa 

da venusis poziciebi lemnosTan mimarTebaSi. es airekleba romauli 

eposis pirvelsave wignSi, rodesac iupiteri marTvis sadaveebs iRebs 

xelSi da RmerTebisgan garkveul winaaRmdegobas awydeba (I.83ff.). mas upi- 

rispirdeba iuno, Tavdayira dakidebul qalRmerTs vulkanusi eqomageba, 

romelic am dros vardeba olimposidan da kunZul lemnosze enarcxeba. 

am kunZulze miiRes vulkanusi, swored aq hqonda mas samWedloc da amis 

gamo gansakuTrebulad uyvardaT. 

flakusTan intrigas uSualod venusi qmnis. rodesac marsTan 

Ralatis gamo vulkanusma venusi dasaja imiT, rom siyvarulis 

qalRmerTs msxverpls aRar swiravdnen lemnoseli qalebi, venusi 

gadawyvets, maTze Suri iZios da xmas gaavrcelebs, TiTqos qmrebi 

Ralatoben. Tu apoloniosTan qmrebi namdvilad damnaSaveebi arian, aq 

isini venusis intrigis msxverplad gvevlinebian. flakusTan aseve Tval- 

Sisacemia hifsipiles gamokveTili pietas. Tu apoloniosTan hifsipile 

iZulebulia icruos, raTa argonavtebs auxsnas mamakacebis kunZulze 

aryofnis mizezi (Ap. Rhod. 1. 793-835), flakusTan argonavtebma araferi 

uwyian im saSineli movlenebis Sesaxeb, Sesabamisad, mas arc sWirdeba 

axsna-ganmartebis micema. Tu hifsipiles pietas apoloniosTan farulad 

igrZnoba, flakusma mas bakxusTan dakavSirebuli ritualis moSveliebiT 

41

da mamis winaSe saocari pasuxismgeblobis gamovlinebiT axali elferi 

SesZina. hifsipile gadaarCens mamas naTlad gacnobierebuli safrTxisa- 

gan da amdenad aris pia (Sdr. 249, 256, 264). mamis gadarCenisas igi mima- 

rTavs xriks, sadac safarvelad iRebs religiur rituals (282). es gau- 

marTlebeli saqcieli aucilebelia hifsipiles pia coeptas (264) 

gansaxorcieleblad. mas gacnobierebuli aqvs, rom mamas garkveulwilad 

safrTxeSi agdebs, rodesac gadarCenis mizniT zRvas miandobs, fiqrobs, 

iqneb arsebobs sxva alternativa, Tumca Seqmnili viTareba aiZulebs, rom 

ukiduresi zomebi miiRos (294). mniSvnelovania is cvlilebebi, romelic 

herkulesis gamkicxav sityvaSi iCens Tavs: ar Cans herkulesis gansa- 

kuTrebuli damokidebuleba telamonisadmi da meore, imis magivrad rom 

ukan dabruneba SesTavazos argonavtebs (Ap. Rhod. II 373-384), flakusTan 

herkulesi daJinebiT moiTxovs faTerakebiT aRsavse laSqrobis gagrZele- 

bas. aq flakuss saSualeba eZleva, erTmaneTs Seupirispiros herkulesi 

da iasoni. erTi mxriv, gmiri, romelmac daZlia adamianuri sisusteebi, da, 

meore mxriv, sardali, romelic ar aris uzado gmiri, Tumca herkulesis 

mowodebisTanave mzad aris, miatovos lemnoseli dedofali da laSqroba 

gaagrZelos. 

• dolionebi, kizikusis epizodi 

kizikusis epizodi, romelsac argonavtTa Tqmulebisagan damoukidebeli 

mxatvruli Rirebuleba ar moupovebia, CvenTvis sainteresoa imdenad, ram- 

denadac apoloniosTan SedarebiT mas flakusma meti datvirTva SesZina. 63 

Tu apoloniosTan kizikosis ambavs 216 striqoni eTmoba (1. 936-1152), 

sakmaod STambeWdavi moculobisaa igi flakusTan (II. 629-664 da III. 1-458). 

masTan es gmiri orgvar saxes gviCvenebs: rogoric unda TviT mas iyos: 

rafinirebuli, stumarTmoyvare da, meore mxriv, rogoric realurad aris: 

windauxedavi, hibrisiT Sepyrobili. 64 apoloniosisagan gansxvavebiT fla- 

kusTan naTlad aris gamoxatuli danaSaulis sakiTxi tragikuli ambebis 

ganviTarebaSi. masTan tragikul movlenebs ganapirobebs kizikusis hibri- 

63 am epizodTan dakavSirebiT ix.: G. Manuwald, Die Cyzicus-Episode und ihre Funktion in den 

Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hypomnemata 127, Göttingen 1999; E. Burck. Kampf und Tod des Cyzicus bei 

Valerius Flaccus. Mélanges M. Durry, Rev. Ét. Lat. 47, 1971, 173-198. 

64 Lüthje, op. cit. 94. 

42

si, rac qalRmerT kibeles SeuracxyofaSi gamoixateba. man mokla kibeles 

wminda cxoveli da saamayo nadavli Tavis sasaxleSi daavana, rac kidev 

ufro metad metyvelebs mis hibriss. kibeles surs, SeuracxyofisaTvis 

Suri iZios. man unda aRadginos samyaros wesrigi, adamianebis mokrZaleba 

RmerTebisadmi. qalRmerTma kibelem dasjis iaraRad argonavtebi gamoiye- 

na. flakusi miniebis ganmeorebiT kizikusTan moxvedris faqts, bunebrivia, 

apolonios rodoselisgan iRebs (Ap. Rhod. I 1015-1018), Tumca elinist 

mweralTan qari ganapirobebs argonavtebis kunZulze dabrunebas, aq ki 

RvTiuri Zalebi, raTaA argonavtebi CaerTon arasapatio brZolaSi. 

flakusma kizikusTan gamarTuli sisxlismRvreli Setakeba omis 

Tematikis konteqstSi moaqcia. am doneze es epizodi mimarTebas avlens 

eposis sxva siuJetur elementebTan. ramdenadac igi mniSvnelovan para- 

lels gviCvenebs kolxidaSi gamarTul e. w. samoqalaqo omTan, Cven masze 

ufro detaluri msjeloba Sesabamis TavSi gveqneba. 

• hilasis epizodi 

hilasisa da herkulesis ambavs, berZeni winamorbedisagan gansxvavebiT (Ap. 

Rhod. I 1173-1362), met yuradRebas uTmobs flakusi (3. 481-740, 4. 1-57); masTan 

es epizodi garkveul modifikacias gviCvenebs. 65 apoloniosTan iunos 

motivacia ar ganapirobebs hilasis gaqrobas. moqmedebaSi spontanurad 

erTveba kiprisi, romelic hilasisadmi siyvaruliT ganmsWvalavs erT-erT 

wylis nimfas (Ap. Rhod. I 1233). flakusTan iunos motiviacia warmarTavs 

movlenebs. Cans, Tu ra motivi amoqmedebs mis sawinaaRmdegod. mas ar surs 

herkulesis CrdilSi yofna, dReniadag cdilobs mis ganadgurebas, jer 

kidev bavSvs gvelebi miugzavna, Tumca Cvilma herkulesma SeZlo maTi 

mogerieba. iunos miziaSi kvlav eZleva SesaZlebloba tkivili miayenos 

herkuless. rogorc ki dainaxavs xomaldidan moSorebiT mis Tanamgzavr 

hilass, iwyebs gegmis ganxorcielebas (Val. Flacc. 3.487ff.). palass Tavidan 

iSorebs, im sababiT, rom skviTebisa da kolxebis omis msvlelobaSi unda 

CaerTos, TviTon ki uSualod xrikebs xlarTavs alkidis winaaRmdeg. apo- 

loniosTan argonavtebma ise gaagrZeles gza, rom arc ki SeumCneviaT he- 

65 H. H. Koch, Die Hylasgeschichte bei Apollonios Rhodios I. 1153ff., Theokrit Eid. XIII, Properz Eleg. I.20, 

Valerius Flaccus Arg. III. 459ff., Diss. Kiel 1955; E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius 

Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971, 125-126. 

43

akles aryofna xomaldze. rodesac miniebma gaacnobieres TavianTi 

Secdoma, maT Soris uTanxmoeba Camovarda, radgan miatoves umamacesi 

gmirebi (herakle da polifemosi). telamoni iasons adanaSaulebs, rom am 

ukanasknelma ganzrax, Suris gamo datova alkidi kunZulze. situacia ise 

iZabeba, rom saqme xelCarTul brZolamdec ki mividoda boreasis vaJebs 

rom ar ganemuxtaT konfliqti. tifisi, rogorc mesaWe, xelsayreli qaris 

gamo moiTxovda naosnobis gagrZelebas, telamoni ki ukan dabrunebas. bo- 

readebic gzis gagrZelebas uWeren mxars, Tumca maT amoZravebT gmirebis 

daSoSminebis da ara herkulesis CamoSorebis survili (Tumca amis gamo 

isini mogvianebiT mainc isjebian alkidis mier usamarTlod). herakle 

laSqrobas gamoeTiSa zevsis nebiT, rac argonavtebs glavkosis piriT 

gaucxaddeba. amas mosdevs iasonisa da telamonis Serigeba. flakusTan 

herkuless eZeben da rodesac ver pouloben, dgeba sakiTxi, gaagrZelon 

misi Zebna, Tu zRvaSi gavidnen. telamoni herkulesis Zebnas moiTxovs, 

meleagrusi naosnobis gagrZelebas, radgan SeuZlebelia win aRudge 

iunos nebas. glavkosis magivrad, romelic argonavtebs RvTis nebas 

ganucxadebs (Ap. Rhod. I 1315-1325), flakusTan sasowarkveTil herkuless 

sizmrad hilasi ecxadeba, romelic urCevs, rom iunos nebas dahyves da 

masze nu idardebs, radgan misi xvedri winaswar iyo gansazRvruli (Val. 

Flacc. 4. 25-37). 

• amikusi da bebrikebi 

amikosis epizodi, rogorc Cans, sakmaod Zveli da organuli iyo 

argonavtebis TqmulebaSi. calkeuli saxesxvaobis garda bebrikTa mefe, 

zogadad, uxeSi, kacTmoZule, ugnuri adamianis simbolod aris gaazrebu- 

li. barbarosobaze gamarjveba es aris ZiriTadi idea, riTac aris gan- 

msWvaluli apolonios rodoseliseuli interpretacia. Tu apoloniosTan 

es epizodi moicavs 163 striqons (Ap. Rhod. II 1-163), flakusTan mas 253 str. 

eTmoba (Val. Flacc. 4. 90-343). apoloniosTan argonavtebi amikosisadmi SiSs 

ki ar ganicdian, aramed risxviT arian Sepyrobilni (19f.), gansakuTrebiT 

polidevkesi. valerius flakusTan ki riskis elementi axleburad aris 

warmodgenili. apoloniosTan krivSi monawileebi eqsponirebulia ara 

mxolod araTanabari Zalis mqone mxareebad, aramed warmodgenilia maTi 

44

gansxvavebuli brZolis taqtika da msoflmxedveloba: amikosi warmodge- 

nilia rogorc titani, polidevkesi ki rogorc varskvlavi (37-44). poli- 

devkesi mSvidad uyurebs im faqts, rom masTan SebrZoleba mouwevs, metic, 

igi gaazrebulad dascinis mas medidurobis gamo (54-64). flakusTan eqspo- 

nirebuli amikusi metad SiSismomgvrelad gamoiyureba (246ff.) da po- 

luqsic met mokrZalebas avlens brZolisadmi damokidebulebaSi. apolo- 

niosTan brZola mimdinareobs gansakuTrebuli dramatizmis gareSe. fla- 

kusTan brZola eqsponirebulia mTeli Tavisi siZneleebiT, rac mas metad 

aaxlovebs realur SerkinebasTan. apoloniosTan argonavtebi brZolis 

damTavrebis Semdeg ixseneben herkuless da amboben, is rom maTTan erTad 

yofiliyo, brZolac ar iqneboda. arafers amboben imaze, rom, winaaRmdeg 

SemTxvevaSi, maT saxelisaTvis brZolac ar dasWirdebodaT. saxelis mo- 

xveWasTan gmirebis aseTi damokidebuleba ucxoa flakusisaTvis. apolo- 

niosTan amikosis aRsasrulis Semdeg bebrikebi ibrZvian TavianTi mkvdari 

mefisaTvis (98-136). flakusma Secvala konteqsti, roca SeSinebuli 

bebrikebi warmogvidgina. bebrikebi, romelTac amikusi SiSis wnexis qveS 

imorCilebda, misi sikvdilis Semdeg zrunaven ara mis dakrZalvaze, ara- 

med piriqiT, gaqcevas lamoben. SeiZleba iTqvas, es ar aris erTmaneTTan 

SemWidrovebuli sazogadoeba, romelic erTad dadgeba sakuTari intere- 

sebis dasacavad, maT ubralod amikusi imorCilebda Tavisi teroriT. 

poluqsma bolo mouRo sazogadoebas, romelsac isedac saZirkveli 

hqonda gamoclili. amikusis sikvdili Seesabameba iupiteris gegmas: 

amikusi usamarTlod mrisxanebda xalxze. igi warmoadgenda mTavar 

dabrkolebas, rac aferxebda mezRvaurebis, mogzaurebis gasvlas aRmosav- 

leTis mimarTulebiT, Sesabamisad, Tavisi hibrisiT xels uSlida 

iupiteris gegmis ganxorcielebas. misi daZleviT ki belonasTvis, raSic 

moiazreba omebis warmoeba, gza xsnili iqneboda. TviT neptunusic, 

romelic amikusis mamaa da uwyis Svilis momavali xvedri, uZluria 

samyaros mbrZaneblis winaSe, radgan unda ganxorcieldes Zalauflebis 

cvla aziidan saberZneTSi, rasac Tavisi msoflmxedvelobiT ewinaaRmde- 

geba amikusi. 

• mariandinebi da likusi 

45

flakusis àrgonavtikis~ meoTxe wignis bolos moTxrobilia argonavte- 

bis misvla mariandinebTan, Savi zRvis samxr.-das. sanapiroze (4.733-762), 

Tumca ambavi mexuTe wignis dasawyisis 66 striqonsac moicavs, sadac vi- 

tyobT tifisisa da idmonis sikvdilis Sesaxeb. 66 miuxedavad imisa, rom 

flakusTan am epizods apoloniosTan SedarebiT (178 str. 2.720-898) 

mokrZalebuli moculoba aqvs, mniSvnelovan pasaJs warmoadgens poemaSi 

Tavisi adgilisa da datvirTvis gamo. 67 mefe likusi argonavtebs keTil- 

ganwyobili iRebs, riTac gamoxatavs madlierebas saerTo mtris 

sikvdilis gamo (4.744). momdevno dRes xdeba ori samwuxaro ambavi: kvdeba 

misani idmoni da mesaWe tifisi. argonavtebi damwuxrebulebi da 

sasowarkveTilni arian. Mmxolod mas Semdeg, rac dasruldeba dakrZal- 

vis ceremonia da mopsusi Seasrulebs rituals, airCeven axal mesaWes da 

gzas gaagrZeleben. Tavdapirvelad yuradReba unda mivaqcioT im faqts, 

Tu ra adgili uWiravs am erTi SexedviT naklebad STambeWdav epizods 

romaul eposSi. Tu amovalT im mosazrebidan, rom flakusis poema rva 

wignisgan Sedgeba, maSin mas Sualeduri adgili uWiravs, romelic erTma- 

neTTan or gansxvavebul nawils akavSirebs. orientiri aq aris simplega- 

debi, is, Tu ra xdeboda manamde, da is, rac moxdeba simplegadebis 

gavlis Semdeg. apoloniosTan finevsis misnobis mixedviT es aris meore 

punqti, sadac argonavtebi simplegadebis gavlis Semdeg xvdebian. fla- 

kusTan ki pirveli (4.637-710) da amave dros ukanaskneli punqti, vidre 

miniebi kolxidamde miaRweven; apoloniosTan finevsis misnobaSi am 

adgils gamorCeuli adgili ar uWiravs, aRniSnulia mxolod, rom aq 

imyofeba hadesSi Sesasvleli (Ap. Rhod. II 352-356). romael epikosTan 

simplegadebis daZlevis Semdeg uSualod mariandinebTan moxvedra 

aqcentirebulia adgilmdebareobis aRweriTac, mcire geografiul eqs- 

kursSi (4.711-732). pontusi aris sazRvari aziasa da evropas Soris da, 

amdenad, iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom argonavtebi ukve aziis miwaze 

imyofebian. pontusis aRwerisas avtori pirvel pirSi laparakobs (4. 711- 

732 memorem), struqturulad mas ukavSirdeba kizikusis epizodi; dolio- 

nebTan argonavtebi xvdebian mas Semdeg, rac helespontoss gaivlian, aqac 

66 E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971, 181. 

67 G. Manuwald, Die Argonauten bei den Mariandynern und die Erzähltechnik in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, 

Phylologus 149, 2005, 297. 

46

win wamoweulia evropisa da aziis gasayarze mdebareobis Tema da isic 

niSandoblivia, rom flakusi isev pirvel pirSi gadmoscems saTqmels 

(2.617 reor). 

flakusTan am adgils rom organuli kavSiri aqvs sxva siuJetur 

elementebTan, cxadyofs amikusis epizodSi CarTuli ambavic, risTvisac 

flakuss damatebiT axali personaJebi Semohyavs. bebrikebTan argonavtebs 

SemoxvdebaT dimasi, romelic likusis Zmas, otrevss axlda. otrevsi, ro- 

melic hesioneze qorwinebas apirebda, gzaze amikusTan moxvda, romelmac 

krivSi gamoiwvia da sicocxles gamoasalma, dimass surs, xma likuss 

miawvdinos, raTa man Suri iZios ZmisaTvis. Tumca mas argonavtebi 

daaswreben da poluqsi bebrikebis mefes bolos mouRebs. Sesabamisad, aq 

mkiTxvels kvlav hesione da herkulesi axsendeba. g. manuvaldis azriT, 

mariandinebTan miniebis moxvedra imiT aris mniSvnelovani, rom 

argonavtebi gadadian evropidan aziaSi, ris Semdegac SesaZlebeli xdeba 

kavSiri damyardes im xalxTa Soris, romlebic manamde erTmaneTisagan 

iyvnen gamijnulni. niSandoblivia is ganwyobileba, rac finevsis misnoba- 

Sia gadmocemuli, pontusis sanapiroze mxolod likusi gamoirCeva stu- 

marTmoyvareobiT. xalibebi, apoloniosisgan gansxvavebiT, ara marto rki- 

nas awarmoeben aramed, rkinisgan iaraRs amzadeben, Sesabamisad, flakuss 

mariandinebis epizodidan kvlav saomar Tematikaze gadavyavarT, rasac 

mexuTe TavSi persessa da aiets Soris warmoebuli omi mosdevs. 

epizodebis Sepirispirebisas is arsebiTi aspeqti, rac apoloniossa 

da flakuss ganasxvavebs erTmaneTisagan, mokled ase SeiZleba Camovaya- 

liboT: apoloniosma movlenebi faqtis saxiT warmogvidgina, zog SemTxve- 

vaSi zedapiruladac ki (aq ar vgulismobT medeas siyvarulis ambavs), ma- 

Sin rodesac valeriusi movlenebs uRrmavdeba da maT Sinagan motivaci- 

ebs eZebs. amdenad, igi ar kmayofildeba oden faqtis konstataciiT da ar 

ainteresebs etiologiuri mxare, aramed uRrmavdeba moqmedi gmirebis 

Sinagan samyaros, ukvirdeba maT sulier mdgomareobas, rac Semdgom maT 

moqmedebas ganapirobebs. 68 

68 E. Burk, Kampf und Tod des Cyzicus bei Valerius Flaccus: Mélanges Marcel Durry, REL 47, 1970, 196; J. 

Stroux, Valerius Flaccus und Horaz, Philologus 90, 1935, 310; J. Adamietz, Zur Komposition der Argonautica des 

47

amgvarad, SeiZleba iTqvas, miuxedavad imisa, rom valerius flakusi, 

SesaZloa, ver aRwevs poeturi TvalsazrisiT simaRleebs, rac aris 

homerosTan an apolonios rodoselTan, erTi aSkaraa, rom Cven Tvalwin 

aris damoukidebeli poeti, romelic cdilobs, araerTi saintereso nova- 

toruli elementi SemogvTavazos poemaSi. 

3. axali koncefcia – iupiteris samyaros gegma 

valeriusma Tavisi poeturi programa lakonurad Camoayaliba àrgo- 

navtikis~ prooimionis pirvelsave oTx striqonSi: 69 

Prima deum magnis canimus freta pervia natis 

fatidicamque ratem, Scythici quae Phasidis oras 

ausa sequi mediosque inter iuga concita cursus 

rumpere flammifero tandem consedit Olympo. 70 

berZnuli versiisgan gansxvavebiT masTan ramdenime mniSvnelovani 

`romauli~ Strixi ikveTeba: argo aris winaswarmetyveluri gemi (fatidica 

ratis, 1. 2), romelmac pirvelad 71 imogzaura zRvaze (prima ... freta pervia, 1. 1); 72 

sazRvao gzis gaxsna valeriusisaTvis aris mTavari Tema da misTvis uf- 

ro metad mniSvnelovania, vidre oqros sawmisi. am Tvalsazriss amyarebs 

is faqtic, rom flakusi prooimionSi uSualod ar asaxelebs laSqrobis 

mizans – oqros sawmiss, aramed yuradRebas amaxvilebs TviT movlenaze – 

argonavtebis gambedaobaze. Sesabamisad, Phasidis oras / ausa sequi `fasisis 

napirebisaken / gabeda warmarTuliyo~ (Val. Flacc. 1, 2-3) 73 cvlis berZnul mo- 

Valerius Flaccus, Zetemata 67, 1976, 113-116; M. Wacht, Zur Motivierung der Handlung im Epos des Valerius, 

ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 101. 

69 

dawvrilebiT flakusis eposis prooimionis Sesaxeb ix. E. Lefèvre. Das Prooemium der 

Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Wiesbaden 1971. 

70 

`vumReriT zRvebs, romlebic pirvelad RmerTTa didebulma vaJebma gadalaxes da 

bedis mauwyebel xomalds, romelmac skviTuri fasisis napirebis Cavla gabeda, moZrav 

kldeTa Soris swrafad gaikvala gza da sabolood cecxlovan olimposze daisadgura~ 

(Val. Flacc. 1, 1-4). 

71 

prima freta SeusabamobaSi modis berZeni istorikosebis cnobebTan, romlebic adreuli 

mogzaurobebisa da sanaosno mowyobilobebis Sesaxeb mogviTxroben, rac qronologiurad 

win uswrebs argonavtebis laSqrobas; valeriusi aq xazs usvams argonavtebis mogzaurobis 

mniSvnelovnebas, ramdenadac, maT gadalaxes kianeebi da miaRwies pontos 

evqsinoss. Sdr. Dräger, 1999, 419-22. 

72 

es azri pirvelad romaul literaturaSi katulusTan gvxvdeba: illa rudem cursu prima 

imbuit Amphitriten (c. 64). 

73 

ausa // ausi formis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT Sdr. katulusi 4ff. 

48

krZalebul variants basilh'o" ejfhmosuvnh/ Pelivao `mefe peliasis davalebiT~ 

(Ap. Rhod. I 3). 

samecniero literaturaSi yuradRebas ipyrobs flakusis inovacia, 

rasac, pirobiTad, SeiZleba vuwodoT iupiteris samyaros gegma. ramdena- 

dac es aspeqti flakusis eposis RerZs warmoadgens da konceptualurad 

aerTianebs mis nawarmoebs, miznad visaxavT, dawvrilebiT ganvixiloT 

iupiteris ordo rerum 74 . rodesac argonavtebi xomalds zRvaSi Seacureben 

da pagases navsadgurs miatoveben, myisve icvleba moqmedebis areali da 

flakuss olimposelTa samyofelSi gadavyavarT. iupiteri, romelsac 

garSemo RmerTebi Semoukrebia, zecidan akvirdeba berZnebis wamowyebas, 

igi kmayofilia da RmerTebic sixaruls gamoTqvamen. 

struqturulad iupiteris samyaros gegma, romelic sul raRac 30 

striqonSia gadmocemuli, 75 or nawilad iyofa: Sesavali sityva da gegmis 

sami etapi. Sesavali sityva, Tavis mxriv, ori segmentisagan Sedgeba: 

adrindeli vetera `warsuli~ (5. 531-535) da axlandeli viTareba repetam 

decreta `ganvaaxleb gadawyvetilebebs~ (5. 536-541). 

Sesaval sityvas mosdevs samyaros gegmis sami etapi: I. pirveli 

etapi: aziis daqveiTeba. am mizeziT xdeba argonavtebis laSqroba 

kolxidaSi, am planSi unda ganvixiloT troas omic. Sesabamisad, pirveli 

etapis pirveli safexuria qalwulis [medeas] motaceba (5. 542-547), meore 

safexuri ki [elenes] motaceba (5. 548-554); II. meore etapi: danaelebis dau- 

Zlureba (5. 555); III. mesame etapi: sxva xalxebis [romaelebis] gaZliereba 

(5. 556-560). lingvisturi analizisas iupiteris samyaros gegmaSi ori mniS- 

vnelovani indikatori ikveTeba: omi da wyali, rogorc naosnobis 

simbolo: aeqour ad Helles (537) / bellis ausa manus (540); via facta per undas (545) / perque 

hiemes, Bellona, tibi (546); classe dehinc (551) / bella, quot ad Troia flentes (552). 

semantikuri kavSiri gamoxatulia zmniT foveo `xels vuwyob, vmfarvelob~: 

Tu vis mfarvelobda manamde iupiteri: sic fata locos, sic ipse fovebam (541) da Tu 

vis Seuwyobs xels momavalSi: gentesque fovebo / mox alias (555-6). 

vetera `warsuli, adrindeli viTareba~ (5. 531-535): 

rac odiTganve davawese, yvelaferi Tavisi rigis mixedviT 

74 cnebaSi ordo rerum igulisxmeba iupiteris samyaros gegma. 

75 Sdr. M. Wacht, 1991, 102-3; E. Lefèvre, 1998, 223-232; G. Manuwald, 2004,145-162. 

49

dasawyisidanve ucvlelad miedineba. 

jer kidev ar arsebobda Cemi modgma arsad miwaze 

roca ukve samyaros wesrigi davamyare. 

kargi msurda im mefeebisTvis, romlebic jer ar marTavdnen. 

repetam decreta `ganvaaxleb gadawyvetilebebs~ (5. 536-541): 

msurs Cemi mbrZaneblobis gadawyvetilebebi ganvaaxlo. 

arsebobda mxare aRmosavleTSi, romelic qalwul heles zRvasTan da 

tanaisTan mdebareobs, cxenebiT mdidari da xalxmravali, da veravin 

bedavda xeli aRemarTa mis sawinaaRmdegod da saxeli omebSi moexveWa. 

me TviTon vmfarvelobdi am mxares da mis keTildReobaze vzrunavdi. 

accelerat ... dies `modis ... dRe~ (5. 542-547): 

Tumca saubedurod dgeba dRe, da azia axla SeZrulia; 

vuSveb imas, rom daeces. berZnebi ukve iTxoven Cemgan qorwils. 

Cemi muxebi da samfexebi, mSobelTa gulebi, maT gagzavnes 

es laSqari zRvaze. talRebiTa da qariSxlebiT gakvalulia 

SenTvis gza, belona. magram mxolod sawmisi ki ar 

warmoSobs borotebas, aramed ufro metad im qalwulis motacebis gamo 

grZeldeba uTanxmoeba. 

veniet ... iam `modis ... ukve~ (5. 548-554): 

jer ar gadamiwyvetia da ukve modis mwyemsi frigiuli idadan, 

romelsac moaqvs naRveli da siZulvili da amavdroulad samagiero 

berZnebisaTvis. xelismTxovnelTa xomaldebi, rogori omebi iwyeba 

ramdeni weli itirebs mikeni troas win? 

ramdeni didgvarovani da naxevradRmerTebi da rCeuli jari daiRupeba 

da azia dauZlurdeba. 

hinc àmieridan~ (5. 555-560): 

am droidan gadawyvetilia danaelTa aRsasruli. male sxva xalxebs 

Sevuwyob xels. mTebi, tyeebi, wylebi, zRvis dabrkolebebi ixsneba maT- 

Tvis. yvelafris mowmea imedi da SiSi. am cvlilebis dros me TviTon ga- 

movcdi adgilebs da miwebs. vis msurs, rom momavalSi Zalaufleba epyras 

xelT. 

50

vfiqrobT, es epizodi imdenad aris mniSvnelovani, rom swored aq 

aris gadmocemuli iupiteris damokidebuleba argonavtebis laSqrobisa- 

dmi. samyaros mmarTveli sixaruls gamoTqvams berZnebis wamowyebis gamo: 

patrii neque enim probat otia regni (5. 500). mas Semdeg, rac saturnusis epoqis 

otium daZleul iqna (5. 500), argonavtebis laSqrobiT iwyeba axali epoqa. 

amdenad, uzenaesi RmerTi mxars uWers adamianTa qmedebebs (5. 498-502) da 

misTvis argonavtebis laSqroba kolxidaSi aris pulcherrima coepta (5. 498-99). 

yvela RmerTs uxaria masTan erTad una omnes gaudent superi (5. 501). parkebic 

gaxarebulni arian momavali omebis gamo (5. 502), radganac iseTi dro 

modis, rom xalxi omSi erTveba (5. 543), viae Bellonas (5. 545-546). mxolod 

aietis mama soli ar eTanxmeba iupiteris gegmas da ewinaaRmdegeba im 

azrs, rom oqros sawmisi aziidan waiRon, ramdenadac SiSobs, rom Tavisi 

Ze aieti Zalauflebas dakargavs (5. 503f.). mas uerTdeba marsic, romelsac 

aseve piradi motivi amoZravebs. ar surs, misi Walidan waiRon oqros 

sawmisi, ramdenadac, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, igi funqcias dakargavs. iuno 

mrisxanebs herkulesis gamo, radgan misadmi siZulvili amoZravebs. 

palasic mas uWers mxars. erTaderTi obieqturi aris iupiteri, romelic 

calke dgas Tavisi SexedulebebiT, meore mxareze ki – danarCeni 

RmerTebi, romlebic mfarvelobas uweven da TanaugrZnoben ama Tu im 

gmirs da, amdenad, subieqturebi arian. sols `dinastiuri interesi~ 

amoZravebs da aietis mxardaWeris mizniT gamoTqvams pretenzias, iupiters 

ki principis `Tanabari uflebebi yvelasTvis~ iusti facultas (5. 534) gamo ar 

surs, gaiTvaliswinos misi moTxovna. 76 Sesabamisad, iupiteris decreta-s (5. 

536) ganapirobebs `Zalauflebis rotaciis principi~, rasac Semdegi azri 

aqvs: dauSvas, rom yovelma xalxma (populi cuncti 5. 559) erTxel mainc Tavis 

istoriaSi miaRwios oqros xanas, raTa saukeTeso potenciali gamoamJRa- 

vnos. magram es xalxebi erTmaneTs unda Seejibron da mxolod amis Sem- 

deg gamoikveTeba, Tu vis unda mianiWos uzenaesma Zalauflebis sadaveebi 

76 valeriusis iupiteri savsebiT gansxvavdeba vergiliusis iupiterisgan. vergiliusis 

iupiteri mSvidobas winaswarmetyvelebs (claudentur Belli portae, Aen. 1. 294), valeriusis 

iupiteri ki SiSisa da omebis RmerTia (via facta per undas / perque hiemes, Bellona, tibi 1. 545-46). 

vergiliusTan saqme exeba saturnia regna-s dabrunebas, valeriusTan ki mis daZlevas (1. 500). 

vergiliusis iupiteri gegmavs (sic placitum, Aen. 1. 283), valeriusis ki eqsperimentebs 

atarebs (experiar 1. 559); samyaros gegmis Sesaxeb ix. P. Dräger, 1998, 193-211; Sdr. aseve: P. Dräger, 

2001, 52. 

51

(558ff.). ra rols asruleben am konteqstSi argonavtebi? maT unda 

itvirTon Zalauflebis gadatanis saqme aziidan saberZneTSi da Soreuli 

aziuri mxare saberZneTisaTvis misawvdomi gaxadon via facta per undas / perque 

hiemes, Bellona tibi (545f.). 77 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom flakusi translatio imperii-s Teoriis Tavisebur 

interpretacias gvTavazobs, rac gansxvavebuli variaciebiT sxvadasxva 

istorikosebTan gvxvdeba. 78 l. alfonsi varaudobs, rom flakusis wyaros 

warmoadgens romaeli istorikosi pompeius trogusi, romelTanac esa Tu 

is xalxi aseTi TanamimdevrobiT ipyrobs marTvis sadaveebs: asirielebi, 

medebi, sparselebi, makedonelebi da bolos romaelebi. valeriusis ordo 

rerum garkveul mimarTebebs gviCvenebs herodotosTan, romelic istoriis 

pirveli wignis dasawyisSive gadmoscems elinebisa da barbarosebis erT- 

maneTTan dapirispirebis mizezs, rac ramdenime etapad xorcieldeba: 

finikielebi mividnen argosSi da moitaces mefe inaqosis asuli io 

(I. 1). 

pirveli usamarTloba: elinebma, savaraudod, kretelebma, finikiis 

tirosSi moitaces mefis asuli evrope; 

meore usamarTloba: elinebma aia-kolxidaSi moitaces aietis asuli 

medea (I. 2). 

meore TaobaSi priamosis Zem aleqsandrem moitaca elene (I. 3). 

flakusisaTvis iupiteris gegmis warmodgenisas apolonios rodose- 

li ver iqneboda modeli, radganac masTan araferia amis Sesaxeb naTqvami. 

mxolod is SeiZleba aRvniSnoT, rom oqros sawmisis mopovebis Semdeg 

iasoni argonavtebs Seaxsenebs maTi misiis mniSvnelovnebas: hJmetevrh/ dÆ 

ejpereivdetai JHella;" ejformh'/, Ú hje; katefeivhn, h] kai; mevga ku'do" ajrevsqai (4. 204-5) 

`Cvens moqmedebas emyareba elada da Sercxvenasa Tu diad saxels Cvengan 

moelis!~. flakusisaTvis amosavali isev da isev vergiliusi unda yofi- 

liyo, ramdenadac masTan eneasis moqmedebas gansazRvravs fatum. rogorc 

Cans, flakusis ordo rerum herodotosis danaSaulTa mizezis (aijtivh 

ajdikhmavtwn) da vergiliusis penatebis gadatanis (translatio: Aen. 2, 324ff.) 

77 E. Lüthje, op. cit. 36-38. 

78 Sdr. L. Alfonsi, Antico e meno-antico in Valerius Flaccos: Das Altertum und jedes neu Gute, für Wolfgang 

Schadewaldt zum 15. März 1970, hg. v. K. Gaiser, Stuttgart, Berlin, Köln, Mainz 1970, 124-131. 

52

nazavs warmoadgens, rac masTan Semdegnairad aris modificirebuli: iupi- 

teris gegmis Tanaxmad, oqros sawmisis meSveobiT (fatalia ... terga 5. 241f.) 

Zalaufleba gadadis aziidan saberZneTSi [medeas da oqros sawmisis 

gataceba], saberZneTis daqveiTebis Semdeg ki – [eneass penatebi gadaaqvs 

romSi] Zalauflebas romaeli xalxebi iReben xelSi; 79 romi ukeTesi troa 

unda gaxdes et genus Aeneadum et Troiae melioris honores (Val. Flacc. 2. 573). es idea 

flakusTan ukavSirdeba herkuless, romelsac igi damatebiT epizods 

uZRvnis da ufro met mniSvnelobas aniWebs, vidre misi berZeni 

winamorbedi. 80 Tu argonavtebis laSqrobas ganvixilavT rogorc aziis 

mmarTvelobis sferoSi SeWras da, aqedan gamomdinare, usamarTlobad, 

rogorc amas soli amtkicebs, am garemoebas iupiteri kanonzomierebad 

miiCnevs: sawmisis da medeas motacebas unda mohyves parisis mier elenes 

motaceba. Sesabamisad, iupiteri flakusTan samyaros samarTliani ganmge- 

belia da eposSi ganviTarebuli movlenebic iupiteris ordo rerum-Tan uSu- 

alo kavSirSia. flakusi aziis daqveiTebas mxatvrulad gamoxatavs Tavis 

poemaSi apoloniosisgan gansxvavebuli epizodis, persesa da aietis omis 

CarTviT, aseve cunabula gentis Colchidos kolxi xalxis warmomavlobis da 

istoriis warmodgeniT, razec Cven qvemoT specialur TavSi gveqneba 

msjeloba. 

Cndeba kiTxva: ra funqcia aqvs zogadad flakusis inovacias – 

iupiteris samyaros gegmas? valeriusi argonavtebis laSqrobas ukavSi- 

rebs vespasianusis miRwevebs (1. 1-21) da cdilobs, romis mier axali teri- 

toriebis dapyroba miTosis doneze asaxos. britaneTis da okeanis damor- 

CilebiT vespasianusma wvlili Seitana romauli Zalauflebis gaZliere- 

bis saqmeSi da romis, rogorc msoflio imperiis, upiratesoba gaamyara. 

valeriusi am azrs kidev ufro met mniSvnelobas aniWebs, roca àrgonav- 

tikis~ SesavalSi vespasianusis Zis, titusis saomar warmatebebzec amaxvi- 

lebs yuradRebas (1. 12-14). valeriusis, iseve rogorc lukanusis, midgoma 

am sakiTxisadmi istoriul doneze Seesabameba samyaros gegmis mTavar 

princips, romlis mixedviTac, Zalauflebis cvla samxedro upirateso- 

79 Val. Flacc. 1. 531ff. 2. 572ff. 5. 677ff. 8. 393ff. 

80 herkulesis roli gansakuTrebiT ikveTeba hesiones ganTavisuflebis epizodSi (Val. 

Flacc. 2. 445-578), Sdr. J. Adamietz, 1970, 29-38. 

53

iTa da omSi gamarjvebebiT miiRweva. es azri, SesaZloa, miesadagos oTxi 

keisris ZalauflebisaTvis brZolis faqtsac. Tumca, poets surs, Tana- 

medroveebs da, upirveles yovlisa, mmarTvels uCvenos is, rom warmatebac 

cvalebadia. amas cxadyofs is faqti, rom iupiteris winaswarmetyvelebaSi 

erTmniSvnelovnad ar aris miTiTebuli, rom romis batonoba maradiulia. 

4. epizodTa ganvrcobis zogierTi aspeqti 

4.1. iasonis mSoblebis sikvdili 

flakusis àrgonavtikis~ pirveli wignis bolos dawvrilebiT aris 

gadmocemuli iasonis mSoblebis, esonisa da alkimedes sikvdilis ambavi 

(1.693-850). amis Sesaxeb araferia naTqvami apolonios rodoselTan. es 

faqti dasturdeba Zvel miTografiul tradiciaSi (Sdr. Diod. Sicul. 4,50,1-2; 

Ps.-Apollod. bibl. 1,9,27,1-2; cece Lykoph. 175), Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom sxva 

adgilas aris ganTavsebuli da, flakusisagan gansxvavebiT, motivacias 

moklebuli. flakusTan mas movlenaTa ganviTarebisaTvis mniSvnelovani 

roli akisria. iolkosSi moqmedeba ramdenime etapad viTardeba. peliasi 

mrisxanebs iasonze, radgan man daiyolia akastusi, misi vaJi kolxidaSi 

salaSqrod gahyoloda. radgan uSualod masze ver iyris javrs, peliasi 

gadawyvets iasonis mamaze, esonze iZios Suri (1.700-729). amis Semdgom 

moqmedebas gadavyavarT iasonis mSoblebTan, romlebic msxverplSewirvis 

rituals asruleben, im mizniT, rom Seityon Svilis xvedri. maT ecxade- 

baT kreTevsi, esonis mama. amSvidebs esonsa da alkimedes da uwinaswarme- 

tyvelebs maT vaJiSvilis warmatebiT Sin dabrunebas, ucxadebs esons 

peliasis mzakvrul gegmebs da urCevs, Tavi manamde moiklas, vidre 

peliasi gauswordeba; miuTiTebs imaze, rom miRmier samyaroSi igi 

pativcemuli iqneba. esons aqvs alternativa: xmali iSiSvlos da 

gauswordes peliasis damqaSebs an xalxs mouxmos saSvelad. sakuTar 

Zalebs ver endoba, radganac Zveleburad aRar uWris marjvena, imeds 

verc xalxis Tanadgomaze amyarebs, maTi meryevi bunebis gamo, amitom 

midis gadawyvetilebamde, Tavi moiklas. esons meuRlec sTxovs, marto ar 

datovos da masac Rirseuli aRsasruli argunos. vidre maT peliasis 

amala Semoeseva, samsxverplo xaris Sxamiani sisxlis SesmiT esalmebian 

54

sicocxles. peliasis msaxurebi klaven iasonis umcros Zmas (1.730-826). 

momakvdavi esoni am saSinelebis momswre gaxdeba. mesame monakveTSi aRwe- 

rilia miwisqveSeTi, sadac alkimede da esoni gardacvalebis Semdgom 

xvdebian. 

ra udevs safuZvlad peliasis gadawyvetilebas? iasonma akastusi 

daiTanxma, salaSqrod gahyoloda saxifaTo mogzaurobaSi. amiT safrTxe 

Seeqmneboda ara mxolod iasons, romlis Tavidan moSoreba surda pe- 

liass, aramed mis sakuTar vaJsac, akastuss. marTalia, akastusi 

apoloniosTanac iRebs monawileobs laSqrobaSi, aseve peliasis nebis sa- 

winaaRmdegod, Tumca masTan akastusi Tavisi iniciativiT uerTdeba 

miniebs, aq ki iasoni eSmakurad iTanxmebs ufliswuls. intriga, romelic 

mimarTuli iyo iasonis winaaRmdeg, iasonis gamWriaxobis wyalobiT, isev 

peliass ubrundeba sazianod. mefe Sedarebulia kretelebs, romlebic 

uZlurni arian caSi aWril dedaluss daedevnon. aseve uZluria da 

ususuri peliasi zRvis winaSe. amis gamo mwifdeba masSi saSineli 

SurisZiebis gegma, romelic mimarTulia iasonis ojaxze. marTalia, esoni 

mas daaswrebs da Tavs iklavs, Tumca peliasi imas mainc moaxerxebs, rom 

jer kidev momakvdavi esoni umcrosi vaJis mkvlelobis momswre gaxados, 

riTac igi garkveulwilad mainc iyris javrs esonze. peliasis xeliT 

iRupebian udanaSauloni, ris gamoc is unda daisajos hadesSi. 

axla ganvixiloT, Tu ramdenad Seesabameba peliasis saqcieli 

iupiteris gegmis perspeqtivas. esons surs, daisajos peliasi imis gamo, 

rom man argonavtebi gagzavna salaSqrod, rac, bunebrivia, ar 

gamoricxavs imas, rom am procesSi sxvadasxva xalxs Soris omebi 

moxdeba. swored amas ganizraxavs iupiteris gegmac: marTvis sadaveebi 

unda gadavides aziidan saberZneTSi, amis gamo gagzavna man argonavtTa 

laSqari Ria zRvaSi, raTa gza gaexsnas belonas. peliasi, erTi SexedviT, 

iupiteris nebas axorcielebs, Tumca misi motivacia ewinaaRmdegeba 

uzenaesis nebas. mas eSinia iasonis siqvelis da Tavidan moSorebis 

mizniT agzavnis faTerakebiT savse laSqrobaSi, xolo is borotmoqmede- 

ba, rasac iasonis mSoblebis winaaRmdeg Caidens, saerTod motivacias mok- 

lebulia da mxolod sakuTari pasuxismgeblobiT xdeba. realurad peli- 

asi axorcielebs iupiteris nebas, Tumca misgan damoukideblad da gau- 

55

kuRmarTebulad. peliasis motivacias, rac Zvel miTosSic dasturdeba, 

flakusTan kidev ufro metad amZimebs udanaSauloTa mimarT Cadenili sa- 

Sineli borotmoqmedeba. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom mkiTxvelma a priori icis, Tu rogor isjeba 

peliasi, flakusi ufro met datvirTvas sZens am epizods, rodesac swo- 

red aq, erTi SexedviT moulodnel adgilas, sakmaod lakonurad aRwers 

sulTa samefos (1,827-850); hadesis Sesasvlels ori kari aqvs: erTi yoveli 

adamianisaTvis, xalxisaTvis, mefisaTvis mudam Riaa, meore ki, mxolod 

iSviaT SemTxvevaSi, TavisiT iReba gansakuTrebuli pirovnebisaTvis, ro- 

melmac Tavi gamoiCina medgari brZoliT, zneobrivi RirebulebebiT an 

kultmsaxurebiT (1.832-839). iq mdebareobs netarTa kunZulebi, sadac 

kreTevsi miuZRvis esonsa da alkimedes (1,842-847). is maT uCvenebs imasac, 

Tu raoden saSineli sasjeli emuqreba peliass pirveli karis miRma (1, 

847-8). amis fonze maT aocebT im adamianebis pativSi yofna, romelTac 

Tavi siqveliT gamoiCines. naTelia, rom esoni da alkimede netarTa 

kunZulebze imkvidreben savanes, peliass ki momavalSi saSineli sasjeli 

emuqreba. ris mixedviT imsaxurebs an ar imsaxurebs mokvdavi iq moxved- 

ras? es aris siqvele. esons msxverplSewirvis dros ecxadeba mamis aCrdi- 

li, romelic Seatyobinebs, rom peliasisgan safrTxe emuqreba, amitom 

sjobia, Rirseuli sikvdili airCios. Tavisi winaprebis Sesaferisi memkvi- 

dre iyos da STamomavlobisTvisac magaliTis mimcemi gaxdes. amitom 

urCevnia esons Tavi moiklas, vidre peliasisgan damcireba aitanos. ra 

pozicia uWiravs am SemTxvevaSi iasons? misTvisac mTavaria virtus da gloria. 

maSin Cndeba kiTxva, ratom moiqca ase windauxedavad da ver gaTvala is, 

rom akastusis wayvaniT sakuTar mSoblebs Caagdebda safrTxeSi, xom ar 

adgeba Crdili amiT mis siqveles, eneasisaTvis aseTi ram warmoudgenelia, 

igi uaRres saTnoebas gamoxatavs mamis, anqisesis mimarT. ufro metic, 

troadan ltolvis dros rodesac SeamCnevs, rom dakarga Tavisi meuRle 

kreusa, myisve brundeba da mis Zebnas iwyebs. albaT, amis gamo kreTevsis 

gamocxadebaSi iasonis Sesaxeb mxolod is aris naTqvami, rom ukan 

gamarjvebuli dabrundeba. Sesabamisad, sakiTxi, Tu sad daimkvidrebs 

adgils iasoni gardacvalebis Semdeg, Riad aris datovebuli. Tumca isic 

gvinda aRvniSnoT, rom pagases navsadguridan gamgzavrebis Semdgom 

56

iasons, marTalia cota gvian, magram mainc moicavs uzomo SiSi 

mSoblebis gamo. 

zogadad iasonis ojaxisaTvis mainc damaxasiaTebelia erTmaneTze 

zrunva. mSoblebi iasonze Relaven, iasoni ki mSoblebze. kreTevsic aS- 

karad esonis mxarezea, radgan igi daCagrulia, peliasis saqcieli ki 

aRaSfoTebs. Sesabamisad, urTierTobebi maT Soris moralur Rirebule- 

bebzea dafuZnebuli. 

flakuss virtus-Tan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi imdenad ainteresebs, 

rom poemaSi virtus-is Sesaxeb araromaelis Sexedulebasac warmogvidgens. 

kerZod, erT-erT tomTan, iazigebTan akavSirebs saintereso wes-Cveulebas, 

romelzec sagangebod amaxvilebs yuradRebas. am adaTs moixseniebs e. w. 

skviTebis katalogis aRwerisas (aietis winaaRmdeg kolxidisken saomrad 

daZruli laSqris warmodgenisas, 6. 123-128) da mogvianebiT, xelmeored, 

kolxidaSi ZmaTa Soris omis amsaxvel erT-erT scenaSi, kerZod, 

iazigebis sardlis gesanderis aristiis scenaSi (6. 282-314); misi arsi 

mokled aseTia: roca adamiani berdeba, marjvena aRar uWris da iaraRs 

veRar imorCilebs, mas Tavisi Zvirfasi memkvidre maxviliT mouswrafebs 

sicocxles, vidre igi TviTon bunebrivi sikvdiliT aResruleba. mama-Svi- 

li amiT Tavidan icilebs mtanjvel lodins da orive sasaxelod miiCnevs 

aseT sikvdils. 

namque ubi iam vires gelidae notusque refutat 

arcus et inceptus iam lancea temnit eriles 

magnanimis mos ductus avis haud segnia mortis 

iura pati, dextra sed carae occumbere prolis 

ense dato, rumpuntque moras natusque parensque, 

ambo animis, ambo miri tam fortibus actis (123-128) 

flakusi am adaTs did mniSvnelobas rom aniWebs da oden eTnografiul 

cnobad ar miiCnevs, cxadyofs is faqtic, rom eposSi masze ganmeorebiT 

amaxvilebs yuradRebas, am momentisaTvis ki mkiTxvelisaTvis informaci- 

uli nawili ukve cnobilia. am adaTs ukavSirdebs poeti kolxi qurumis 

ambavs. akvitess safeTqlebi mwvane alvis xis foTlebiT aqvs Semkuli, 

radganac mTeli omis ganmavlobaSi Relavs Tavisi Svilis, kirnusis 

usafrTxoebis gamo da mtris rigebSi daeZebs mas (6. 296-300). xanSiSesul 

57

qurums ulmoblad klavs gesanderi, Tanac dasZens, igi Svils rom 

hyvareboda, manamde gaistumrebda saiqios, vidre aseT savalalo siberem- 

de miaRwevda (6. 302-316). sikvdilis piras misuli akvitesi RmerTs kvlav 

Svilis mfarvelobas evedreba. 

vidre am pasaJis interpretaciaze gadavidodeT, moviyvanT ramdenime 

antikur cnobas, romelic, SesaZloa, flakusis inspiraciis wyaro gamxda- 

riyo. herodotosi Tavis ìstoriaSi~ masagetebis Sesaxeb hyveba: ou\ro~ de; 

hJlikivh~ sfi provkeitai a[llo~ me;n oujdeiv~: ejpea;n de; gevrwn gevnhtai kavrta, oiJ 

proshvkontev" oiJ pavnte" sunelqovnte" quvousiv min kai; a[lla provbata a{ma aujtw`/, 

eJyhvsante~ de; ta; kreva kateuwcevontai. Tau`ta me;n ta; ojlbiwvtatav sfi nenovmistai, to;n 

de; nouvsw/ teleuthvsanta ouj katasitevontai ajlla; gh`/ kruvptousi, sumforh;n poieuvmenoi 

o{ti oujk i{keto ej~ to; tuqh`nai (1.216). 81 

strabonis mixedviT, iazigebis msgavsi adaTi unda hqonodaT masage- 

tebs (11. 8. 5), sogdebsa da baqtriebsac (11. 11. 3); igi saintereso cnobas 

gadmogvcems kaspiebis Sesaxeb, romlebic klavdnen TavianT mxcovan wina- 

prebs: Kavspioi de; tou;" uJpe;r eJbdomhvkonta e{th limoktonhvsante" eij" th;n ejrmivan 

ejktiqevsin (11. 11. 8). 82 Tu naxavdnen, rom gvamebs Citebi daesien, ambobdnen, 

gansvenebuli netariao; Tu veluri cxovelebi da ZaRlebi daepatronebo- 

dnen, naklebad netariao. Tu gvams aravin miekareboda, micvalebuls 

ubedurad Tvlidnen. 

Tu wyaroebSi dadasturebul informacias flakusTan warmodgenil 

versias SevupirispirebT, savaraudod, flakusi icnobs am adaTs, Tumca 

mas garkveuli transformaciiT warmogvidgens: axalgazrda Taoba sakuTa- 

ri xeliT klavs xanSi SesulT, romelTac brZolis Zala aRar SeswevT. 

mTavari inovacia aris flakusiseuli motivacia: igi am adaTs ukavSirebs 

cneba virtus-is gagebas. axla ki ufro dawvrilebiT: gesanderis locvaSi, 

romelsac igi gardacvlili mamis aCrdilisadmi aRavlens, Cans, rom es 

aris adaTi, romelic mas mama-papaTagan mosdgams, TviTonac asrulebs da 

momaval Taobasac gadascems. Sesabamisad, wesis ardamorCileba da 

81 maT adamianis asaki sulac ar aqvT gansazRvruli, garda imisa, rom, rodesac Zalian 

moxucdeba kaci, yvela misi naTesavi moiyris Tavs erTad, daklaven moxucs da masTan 

erTad sxva saqonelsac, moxarSaven xorcs da inadimeben. es miCneulia maT Soris ubednieres 

aRsasrulad. xolo avadmyofobiT mkvdars ki ar Wamen, aramed marxaven da 

ubedurad Tvlian, rom dakvlam mas ar mouwia. 

82 `70 wels gadacilebulebs SimSiliT klavdnen da maT gvamebs udabur adgilebSi 

yridnen. Tavad Soridan uTvalTvalebdnen~. 

58

ugulebelyofa mkrexelobad iTvleba tomis warmomadgenelTa Sexedule- 

biT. flakusi am emociurad datvirTul scenaSi gviCvenebs gansxvavebas 

or msoflmxedvelobas Soris, magram sayuradReboa, rom flakusi warmo- 

gvidgens ara elini/barbarosi dapirispirebas, aramed, zogadad, adamianTa 

msoflmxedvelobas Soris arsebul gansxvavebas: erTi mxriv, adaTis 

damcvel iazigs, xolo, meore mxriv, kolxs Soris, romlisTvisac 

miuRebelia es adaTi. garemoebas akvitesis statusic amZimebs, SemTxveviTi 

ar unda iyos, rom igi aris mavedrebeli mama, romelic mTeli omis 

ganmavlobaSi cdilobs, daicvas Svili ubedurebisgan. mkiTxvelis TvalSi 

aRSfoTebas iwvevs is, rom gesanderi xanSiSesul qurums, romelsac brZo- 

lis velze waawydeba, ulmoblad klavs da ar Seibralebs mavedrebels. 

sikvdilis piras misuli akvitesi ki RmerTs kvlav Svilis mfarvelobas 

evedreba, rom RmerTma Svils aaridos mrisxane gesanderis xeli. 

rogor interpretacias aZlevs TviT flakusi am adaTs? akvitesi 

gesanders Sewyalebas sTxovs: genitor tibi si manet, oro / canitiem, comesce minas et si 

tibi natus / parce meo, 305ff. gesanderi mas ar Seiwynarebs, ramdenadac es mis 

adaTs ewinaaRmdegeba, Sesabamisad, misi Tvalsazrisi aseTia: `Genitor…ipse 

hac occumbere dextra/maluit…/ et tibi si pietas nati, si dextra fuisset,/ haut medii precibus 

tereres nunc tempora belli” (308-314). gesanderisTvis es saqcieli aris pietas, da 

mas rom akvitesi Seewynarebina, mis vaJkacobas Crdili miadgeboda, 

SesaZloa, Temidan moekveTaT kidec. amis safuZvelze germaneli mecnieri 

e. liuTe miiCnevs, rom misi saqcieli SeiZleba SevafasoT rogorc virtus 

siqvele, ramdenadac is asrulebs wess, romelic mama-papaTagan mosdgams. 83 

Cven ar veTanxmebiT am mosazrebas, Tu mxedvelobaSi miviRebT TviT gesan- 

deris aRsasrulis formas: akvitesisadmi mimarTul sityvaSi gesanderi 

SeniSnavs, rom ymawvils nebismieri xvedri Sehferis: SiSveli xeliT 

brZolac da daumarxavad darCenac ki: iuvenis sors pulchrior omnis: / et certasse 

manu decet et caruisse sepulchro (6. 313-4), Tumca TviTon mas sicocxlis bolo 

wuTebSi qalebTan SebrZoleba uwevs da amaZonTa dedofali evriale 

klavs (6. 379ff.). SeiZleba iTqvas, rom gesanderma sakuTar Tavs yvelaze 

83 E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971. 

59

samarcxvino ganaCeni gamoutana, rasac flakusi lakonurad ori sityviT 

gadmogvcems misive piriT: `heu pudor~ (6. 374). 

4.2. hesiones ganTavisufleba 

flakusis àrgonavtikis~ meore TavSi argonavtebi kolxidisaken 

mgzavrobisas SeCerdebian troasTan, koncx sigeumTan. herkulesi 

aTavisuflebs mefe laomedonis asuls, kldeze mijaWvul hesiones, klavs 

urCxuls, romelic qalwuls sikvdils uqadis (2, 445-578). rogorc zemoT 

ganxiluli epizodi, arc es gvxvdeba apolonios rodoselTan, masTan 

mxolod is aris aRniSnuli, rom argonavtebma Cauares troas sanapiros 

(Ap. Rhod. I 922-935). hesiones ganTavisuflebis ambavi miTologiur 

tradiciaSi argonavtebis TemasTan aris dakavSirebuli. amis Sesaxeb 

cnoba gvxvdeba diodorosTan (Diod. Sic. 4, 32.42.49, savaraudod, dionisios 

skitobraqionze dayrdnobiT) da higinusTan (fab. 89). diodorosTan es 

pasaJi sxva adgilas aris warmodgenili da gansxvavebuli datvirTvac 

aqvs: masTan es aris pirveli punqti, sadac argonavtebi SeCerdnen; miniebi 

SemTxveviT xvdebian qariSxlis Sedegad am sanapiroze; herakle marto 

Cadis gmirobas, telamoni ar imyofeba mis gverdiT; laomedoni 

megobrulad aris herakles mimarT ganwyobili, ar aris dasaxelebuli 

mizezi, magram alkids surs, Tavisi jildo mogvianebiT waiRos, situacia 

konfliqtamde ar midis, Tumca isic aris aRniSnuli, rom mogvianebiT 

gmiri mainc iZulebulia laomedons mosTxovos Tavisi kuTvnili jildo 

da troaze ieriSi miaqvs. higinusTan herkulesi da telamoni erTad 

ibrZvian urCxulis winaaRmdeg. aSkaraa, flakusma am epizodis 

winamorbedebisgan gasxvavebuli versia warmogvidgina, da, rac mTavaria, 

igi ar aris konteqstidan amovardnili, aramed organul kavSirSia 

poemaSi ganviTarebul sxva ambebTan. am epizodis mniSvnelovnebasTan 

dakavSirebiT mecnierebs sxvadasxva damokidebuleba aqvT: r. v. garsoni 

ver xedavs, Tu ra datvirTva gaaCnia am epizods mTliani 

nawarmoebisaTvis; 84 h. m. purtvlie àrgonavtikis~ meore wignisaTvis 

TandarTul Tavis komentarebSi gamoTqvams Tvalsazriss, rom epizodis 

84 R. W. Garson, Some Critical Observations on Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica. I, CQ 14, 1964, 276. 

60

funqcia aris herakles rolis gamokveTa, 85 iupiteris samyaros gegmis gan- 

xorcielebisaTvis mniSvnelovani Semadgeneli nawilia da, amave dros, 

flakuss aZlevs SesaZleblobas, gaejibros ovidiuss (Sdr. ovidiusTan 

persevsisa da andromedas ambavi, Met. 4, 663-764). iupiteris gegmasTan 

mimarTebas purtvlie imaSi xedavs, rom aq gamosaxuli koncefciis 

Tanaxmad, Zalaufleba unda gadavides aziidan saberZneTSi, Sesabamisad, 

troas omi am gegmis erT-erTi etapia. mecnieris Tanaxmad, hesiones 

epizodSi aRwerili movlenebi dakavSirebulia herkulesis mier troas 

dangrevasTan (rac miTologiuri tradiciiT pirveli gamodis), aqedan 

gamomdinare, meorea troas omi; 86 g. manuvaldi ar eTanxmeba purtvlies im 

sakiTxSi, rom iupiteris gegmaSi laparakia troas pirveli dangrevis 

Sesaxeb, aramed fiqrobs, rom troas omi aq argonavtebis laSqrobis 

konteqstSia warmodgenili, ara mxolod imitom, rom argo pirveli 

xomaldi iyo, romelmac Soreul naosnobaSi miiRo monawileoba da amiT 

SesaZlebeli gaxda omebis warmoeba sxvadasxva xalxebs Soris, aramed 

imiTac, rom dakavSirebulia Zalauflebis cvlasTan: argonavtebi medeas 

itaceben da saberZneTSi mihyavT, mogvianebiT troeli parisi itacebs 

spartel elenes da troaSi miemarTeba. 87 Sesabamisad, am konteqstSi unda 

ganvixiloT es pasaJic. 

am epizodis Sinaarsi mokled aseTia: argonavtebi moxvdebian 

troasTan axlos, sigeumis koncxTan; miniebi banakis gaSliT arian 

dakavebulni, herkulesi da telamoni sanapiros gaswvriv seirnoben da 

moesmebaT sasikvdilod ganwirulis yvirili, dainaxaven kldeze mi- 

jaWvul qalwuls, dainteresdebian misi vinaobiT da xvedriT. qalwuli 

yveba, rom udanaSauloa, ilusis modgmas ekuTvnis, romelic odesRac 

bednieri iyo, Tumca amJamad ubedurebam moicva laomedonis saxli. Wiri 

daatyda mis qveyanas, Semdeg ki zRvis urCxuli, romelsac msxverplad 

swiraven TviT mas. igi imedovnebs, rom RvTis niSniT mxsnelad movlenili 

herkulesi gaaTavisuflebs, mis dasasaCuqreblad mama laomedons TeTri 

cxenebi hyavs. igi herkuless daxmarebas sTxovs da darwmunebulia, rom 

85 

hesiones epizodSi herkulesis rolis gamokveTis da iupiteris gegmasTan am epizodis 

mimarTebisaTvis ix.: E. Lüthje, op. cit. 1971, 83-4. 

86 

H.M. Poortvliet, C. Valerius Flaccus. Argonautica Book II. A commentary, Amsterdam 1991, 242f. 

87 

G. Manuwald, Hesione und der "Weltenplan" in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, ROV III, München 2004, 147. 

61

mas SeuZlia gadaarCinos qalwuli da troa, radgan alkidi yvelas 

aRemateba Tavisi warmosadegobiTa da Zal-RoniT. herkulesi TanagrZnobiT 

ganimsWvaleba asulis mimarT. am dros neptunusis nebiT amova zRvis 

urCxuli, dawvrilebiT aris aRwerili scena, Tu rogor ebrZvis her- 

kulesi urCxuls da amarcxebs kidec mas (2. 497-537). 88 mwyemsebi, romelTac 

es ambavi gaiges, gaxarebulni arian; herkulesi aTavisuflebs qalwuls 

da amayad miemarTeba mefe laomedonTan. ganTavisuflebuli troelebi da 

mefe Tavis ojaxTan erTad mis Sesaxvedrad moemarTebian, magram 

laomedoni damwuxrebulia, radgan ar surs, Seelios cxenebs. laomedoni 

esalmeba gmirs, isini xom iupiteris STamomavlebi arian, iwvevs her- 

kuless da sxva argonavtebs qalaqSi dapirebiT, rom momdevno dRes 

gadascems kuTvnil cxenebs. Tumca sinamdvileSi ganzraxuli aqvs, 

herkulesi RamiT moklas da mis iaraRs daepatronos. radgan mas misnobiT 

smenia, rogorc mTxrobeli ganmartavs, rom troa orjer daecema 

herkulesis iaraRiT. Tumca vin SeZlebs priamosis samefos aaridos 

momavali xvedri, gardauvalia troas dapyroba, rasac ukeTesi troas di- 

deba unda mohyves (2. 567-573). herkulesi iZulebulia axali davalebis Ses- 

rulebis mizniT laSqroba gaagrZelos skviTiisaken da mefes ukan 

dabrunebas hpirdeba, ris gamoc am etapze konfliqti imuxteba 

udavod am epizodis datvirTvaa herkulesis figuris gamokveTa: 

herkulesi am SemTxvevaSi mzad aris, rom sakuTari iniciativiT da ara 

sxvisi brZanebiT, daexmaros sxvas. flakusTan mas, apoloniosisgan 

gansxvavebiT, ukve Sesrulebuli aqvs 12 davaleba da mzad aris sxva 

saqmeTa Sesasruleblad. is, rom herkulesi uars ambobs laomedonis 

saCuqarze, motivirebulia kolxidisken mgzavrobis gagrZelebis aucileb- 

lobiT. Sesabamisad, ar iqmneba konfliqturi situacia laomedonsa da 

herkuless Soris, rasac mis mier troas dangreva unda mohyoloda. 

davalebas am SemTxvevaSi TviTon hesione aZlevs herkuless da Tavisi 

xvedris Sesaxeb mxolod mianiSnebs: ar ambobs, rom Wiri apolonis mier 

iqna movlenili, neptunusis mier ki zRvis urCxuli mamamisis laomedonis 

dasasjelad, radgan man Sepirebuli jildo ar misca RmerTebs, romle- 

88 brZolis scenebTan dakavSirebiT ix. H. Stadler, Hercules' Kampf mit dem Seeungeheuer (Val. Flacc. 

2. 497-549), ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 181-196. 

62

ic troas galavnis agebaSi daexmarnen. flakusTan hesione ar eubneba 

bolomde herkuless simarTles, ifargleba mxolod imiT, rom bedni- 

erebam miatova laomedonis saxli (2. 473-474). herkulesi am SemTxvevaSi 

imave mdgomareobaSia, rogorSic iasoni aRmoCnda kolxidaSi. msgavsad 

medeac, iasons pirdapir ar uxsnis aietsa da persess Soris omis 

warmoSobis mizezs, ufro metic, persess moixseniebs rogorc impius hostis 

(5. 396). mxolod mas Semdeg, roca aieti iasons uars etyvis sawmisis 

gacemaze, ganWvrets gmiri mefis namdvil saxes. laomedons ar surs 

dapirebuli cxenebi misces herkuless, piriqiT, cdilobs, dro moigos, 

rom am satyuaraTi miityuos da RamiTYveragulad gauswordes. flakusi 

aq rTavs motivacias, romlis Tanaxmadac, laomedons smenia, rom troa 

orjer daecema herkulesis iaraRis qveS (2. 570-571). msgavsad aris 

motivirebuli aietis tyuilic. man misnobiT icis, rom, Tu gascems oqros 

sawmiss, dakargavs Zalauflebas, amitom aRar iRebs yurad kolxi qurumis 

gafrTxilebas. laomedoni ewinaaRmdegeba misnobas, roca ganizraxavs 

herkulesis mokvlas, Tumca radgan herkulesi laSqrobis gagrZelebas 

apirebs, am momentisaTvis konfliqti imuxteba. 

g. manuvaldis Tanaxmad, flakusi svams TxrobaSi am epizods, Tumca 

cdilobs, rom ar iyos Tematizebuli masTan dakavSirebuli troas 

pirveli dangreva. aramed piriqiT, wina planze surs wamowios troas 

meore dangreva. TviT SeniSvnac primum (2. 445), rodesac argonavtebi 

sigeumis koncxTan moxvdebian, mianiSnebs imaze, rom mogvianebiT es 

napirebi kvlav ixilaven berZnul gemebs. manuvaldis Tvalsazriss, rom 

hesiones epizodi ar unda ganvixiloT iupiteris samyaros gegmis WrilSi, 

isic amyarebs, rom troelebi hesiones epizodSi moixseniebian ara 

rogorc aziis warmomadgenlebi, aramed frigielebi (Sdr. 2. 485, 551, 578). 

rogorc Cans, flakusisaTvis es aris neitraluri saxeli troasaTvis, 

ramdenadac es saxeli gamoiyeneba geografiuli lokalizaciisaTvisac 

(mag., 2.633); poemis prooimionSi igi uwodebs iuliur-klavdianur modgas 

frigielebs (1.9), riTac am cnebas akavSirebs romaelebTan. rodesac 

argonavtebi sigeumTan SeCerdebian, flakusi ar ambobs, rom es aziaa, 

aramed piriqiT, troadan gamgzavrebis Semdeg aRwers helespontoss, 

sadac xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom am adgilas imijneba erTmaneTisagan 

63

evropa da azia (2.613-615). manuvaldis azriT, am epizods iupiteris 

gegmisgan damoukidebeli mniSvneloba aqvs. misi funqciaa, gamosaxos 

gansakuTrebuli genealogiuri mimarTeba troelebsa da romaelebs Soris 

misi saxelovani, magram TviT negatiuri aspeqtebiTac ki, romelic war- 

modgenilia hesiones ganTavisuflebis scenaSi da amiT `samyaros gegmaSi~ 

warmogvidginos romi, rogorc ukeTesi troa. 89 

4.3. herkulesis mier promeTes ganTavisufleba 

zemoT ganxilul epizodTan paralels gviCvenebs àrgonavtikis~ 

sxva pasaJic, kerZod, herkulesis mier promeTes ganTavisufleba. vfiq- 

robT, saWiroa sagangebod SevaCeroT masze yuradReba. 

udavod, flakusi apolonios rodoselisgan aris inspirirebuli, 

rodesac am epizods rTavs Tavis àrgonavtikaSi~, Tumca aseve TvalsaCi- 

noa am epizodis gansxvavebuli motivacia da axleburad gadmocemis sur- 

vili. 90 apolonios rodoseli ifargleba informaciiT, rac uSualod 

promeTes tanjvas asaxavs. argonavtebi vidre kavkasuss Cauvlian, xedaven 

arwivs, romelic mifrinavs mijaWvuli promeTesken, esmiT tanjulis 

gminva da uyureben, Tu rogor mofrinavs ukan sisxliani frinveli (Ap. 

Rhod. II 1246-1259). SeiZleba iTqvas, rom masTan es movlena, gancalkevebiT 

dgas da moqmedebis ganviTarebisaTvis ar aris relevanturi, maSin roca, 

flakusi poemaSi ramdenimejer amaxvilebs mkiTxvelis yuradRebas 

titanTan dakavSirebul ambebze. am Temis SemotanisaTvis flakusi sa- 

fuZvels argonavtebis kolxidaSi misvlamde didi xniT adre amzadebs. 

igi poemis meoTxe wignSi warmogvidgens e. w. RmerTebis scenas, sadac 

apoloni, latona da diana Seamdglomloben herkuless, rom man gaaTavi- 

suflos promeTe, rac misTvis Rirseuli davaleba iqneboda. meore mxriv, 

promeTes ganTavisuflebas amaod cdilobs iapetusic miwisqveSeTidan. 

Svilis keTildReobisaTvis mavedrebeli mama, romelic miuxedavad fu- 

89 G. Manuwald, op. cit., 2004, 159. 

90 promeTe moxseniebulia senekasTanac (Sen. Herc. Oet. 1207-1210); ovidiusi promeTes ukavSirebs 

adamianis Seqmnas (Ov. Met. I, 78-88). CvenTvis mniSvnelovania is informacia, rac higinusTan 

dasturdeba: igi mogviTxrobs, rom gmirma gaafrTxila iupiteri morideboda Tetiss, 

ris gamoc madlieri RmerTi masTan herkuless agzavnis arwivis mosaklavad (Hyg. 

fab. LIV). 

64

iebis winaaRmdegobisa, cdilobs, hadesidan miawvdinos xma iupiters, 

savsebiT ucxoa apolonios rodoselisaTvis, iseve rogorc zemoT dasa- 

xelebuli RmerTebis scena. iupiteri dahyveba ukvdavTa nebas da iRebs 

promeTes ganTavisuflebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebas. herkulesis mier 

promeTes ganaTavisuflebis procesi detaluradaa aRwerili ukve mexuTe 

wignSi, rodesac argonavtebi kavkasuss uaxlovdebian, magram erTi unda 

aRiniSnos, rom realurad maT ar ician, Tu ra xdeba sinamdvileSi, arc 

is ician, rom am dros kavkasusTan herkulesi imyofeba (5, 154-176). 

sagangebod gvacnobs poeti adgilmdebareobas, vidre promeTes 

samyofelis aRweraze gadavidodes. Tavdapirvelad dasaxelebuli arian 

xalibebi, romlebic rkinis mopovebis da iaraRis damzadebis xelovnebas 

floben, iupiter geneteusis klde, tibarenTa mwvane tbebi, mosinebi, mak- 

ronebi, biZerebi, filiras napirebi, romlebic odesRac saturnusma 

cxenis floqvis dakvriT Seazanzara. amis Semdeg aris dasaxelebuli 

promeTes `SiSismomgvreli samyofeli~ kavkasusi, romelic yinulovan 

arqtosTan aRmarTula (5. 154-5). araferia naTqvami promeTeze, uSualod 

gadadis flakusi promeTes ganTavisuflebis procesis aRweraze (5. 154- 

176). alkidi yoveli mxridan Zlierad aryevs myar borkilebs. is, rac 

kavkasusis Seryevas mohyveba, warRvnis msgavsia, flakusi xatovani Seda- 

rebiT lakonurad gadmogvcems saTqmels: `gaisma xmauri, TiTqos maRla 

wamomarTul iupiters Seeryios eTeris simagreebi an neptunusis xels 

mTeli qvemo samyaro~; da meore – aRwerilia gaoceba, ramac moicva 

yoveli suldgmuli, pontosis Tvaluwvdeneli sanapiro, yoveli iberi, 

armeniamde mosaxle da miniebi, romlebmac arc ki uwyodnen, rom mTebSi 

alkidi imyofeboda. tantum mirantur ab alto (5. 173) migvaniSnebs, rom mxolod 

axla dainaxes miniebma, is risi xmac aqamde esmodaT, aqedan gamomdinare, 

SesaZloa vivaraudoT, rom ukve gaTenda: àxla maT didebuli zRvidan 

acvifrebs TovliT dafaruli napirebi da kldeTa lodebi, amasTanave 

aocebT uzarmazari Crdili momakvdavi frinvelis, romlis sisxlic Sav 

wvimad iRvreba haerSi~. apoloniosTan arwivi promeTes RviZlis sisxliT 

aris gaJRenTili, flakusTan ki is herkulesis mier aris daWrili da 

sisxlisgan icleba ingentem moribundae desuper umbram / alitis atque atris rorantes 

imbribus auras (175-6). 

65

ganwyoba umalve icvleba, rodesac argonavtebi ukve kolxebis mxa- 

res miadgebian, marTalia, mze ar anaTebs zenitSi, magram Camavali mze 

(`mze ufro axlos anaTebda wyalTan~, 5. 177) ise damTrgunvelad aRar 

moqmedebs, rogorc Ramiseuli movlenebi: `dRis miwuruls ukve ixiles 

daqanculebma nanatri kolxebi, sadac didi fasisi aqafebuli SesarTaviT 

pirdapir zRvaSi Caedineba~ (5. 178-180). 

zemoT ganxiluli ori epizodis urTierTkavSirs flakusi sxva 

miniSnebiTac migvaxvedrebs. hesiones ganTavisuflebis gamo mefe lao- 

medoni herkuless hpirdeba cxenebs, herkulesi ki imis gamo, rom kolxi- 

daSi mogzauroba unda gaagrZelos, dros ar kargavs da mefes eubneba, 

ukan dabrunebisas gauvlis da waiRebs kuTvnil jildos (2. 574-576). 

rodesac promeTes xvedriT Sewuxebuli RmerTebi iupiterTan ikribebian, 

am droisaTvis herkulesi ukve CamoSorebulia laSqrobas, apirebs kvlav 

troaSi dabrundes, raTa laomedonis danapirebi ZRveni miiRos (4. 58-60), 

Tumca iupiters daiTanxmeben RmerTebi, rom gadawyvetileba Secvalos da 

herkuless macnes ugzavnis: gadados troaSi laSqroba da jer promeTe 

gaaTavisuflos frinvelisgan (4. 78-80). 

ramdenadac argonavtebi kulturis matarebelni arian, maTi kol- 

xidaSi Casvla, mTavari misiis garda, wesrigis aRdgenas unda emsa- 

xurebodes. amdenad, dauSvebelia, rom im qveynebSi, sadac isini Tavisi 

misiis ganxorcilebis Sesabamisad xvdebian, raRac ewinaaRmdegebodes 

uzenaesi RmerTis mier dadgenil kanonebs, swored amitom Sua- 

mdgomloben RmerTebi promeTes, rom akmaros RmerTma tanjva, rom `mxco- 

vanma titanma~ sakmarisad zRo danaSauli, swored amitom iRebs iupiteri 

gadawyvetilebas ganTavisufldes promeTe. 91 flakuss SeeZlo jer 

promeTes ganTavisufleba moeTxro CvenTvis da Semdgom mieyvana argonav- 

tebi kolxidaSi, an piriqiT, magram, niSandoblivia, rom ganTavisufleba, 

drois TvalsazrisiT, swored argonavtebis Casvlas emTxveva. aqve unda 

davukvirdeT erT pasaJs poemaSi, rac, erTi SexedviT, SesaZloa, 

uzustobad mogveCvenos. medea iasons daxmarebas aRuTqvams da mas aZlevs 

jadosnur saSualebas, romelic tanjuli promeTes sisxliT nasazrdo- 

91 H.J. Tschiedel, Prometheus und die Argonauten, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 304. 

66

ebi miwidan aRmocendeba (Val. Flac. 7. 355-370; Sdr. Ap. Rhod. III 844-866). ro- 

gor axerxebs medea moipovos es mcenare, rodesac promeTe am droisaTvis 

ukve ganTavisuflebulia da, Sesabamisad, misi sisxli veRar asazrdovebs 

mcenares. medea cdilobs, gamoiyenos wamali, romelic ukve aRar arse- 

bobs. amdenad, misi jadosnobac Zaladakargulia. hans iurgen Cidlis 

azriT, medea miekuTvneba arqaul samyaros, romelsac argonavtebis mier 

damyarebul wesrigSi adgili aRar aqvs, Sesabamisad, misi argonavtebis 

mier miRebac, ganwirulia, rac marTlac katastrofiT mTavreba. 92 

rogorc hesiones SemTxvevaSi gacxadebulia romaelebis warmomav- 

loba da maTTan herkulesis kavSiri, promeTes SemTxvevaSic aRniSnulia 

misi warmomavloba. rogorc Cans, flakusi gangeb aridebs Tavs isedac 

cnobili faqtis konstatacias, romelsac apoloniosi misTvis Cveuli 

pragmatulobiT warmoadgens, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs pasaJi, sadac iasoni 

Tavisi qveynis Sesaxeb gvaZlevs informacias: àris maRali mTebiT 

garSemortymuli erTi mxare, cxvrebiTa da saZovrebiT mdidari; iapetoni- 

dma promeTem aq warmoSva keTili devkalioni, romelmac pirvelad 

aRaSena qalaqebi da ukvdavT taZrebi augo da pirvelad gamefda adamia- 

nebze. am mxares irgvliv mosaxleni hemonias eZaxian. iqaa Cemi qalaqi 

iolkosi~ (Ap. Rhod. III 1085-1091). 93 romaeli epikosi iapetuss sentimenta- 

lur scenaSi warmogvidgens, Svilis keTildReobisaTvis mavedrebel ma- 

mad, romelic miuxedavad furiebis winaaRmdegobisa, cdilobs, hadesidan 

miawvdinos xma iupiters. 

rogorc hesiones, aseve promeTes ganTavisuflebis ambavi ar aris 

dasaxelebuli iupiteris gegmaSi, Tumca gamoxatavs iupiteris nebas, mis 

survils, daamyaros wesrigi. Tu promeTes ambavi kolxidaSi datriale- 

bul ambebs, medeas / oqros sawmisis saberZneTSi gadatanas uZRvis win nec 

vellera tantum / indignanda manent propiorque ex virgine rapta / ille dolor (1. 546-7), hesiones 

ambavi SegviZlia miviCnioT troas omis preistoriad, anu aq aris eqsponi- 

rebuli is xalxi, romelTa xvedri dacemaa, Tumca momavalSi troa 

ukeTesi romi gaxdeba, rac drois TvalsazrisiT argonavtebis laSqrobis 

92 H.J. Tschiedel, Prometheus und die Argonauten, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 304. 

93 Targmani mogvyavs wignidan: apolonios rodoseli, argonavtika. berZn. teqsti qarTuli 

TargmaniTurT gamosca, Sesavali, komentarebi da saZiebeli daurTo a. uruSaZem, Tbilisi 

1970. 

67

Semdgom moxdeba veniet Phrygia iam pastor ab Ida, / qui gemitus irasque pares et mutua 

Grais / dona ferat (1. 549-551). 

daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac 

flakusi mihyveba Tavis elinist winamorbeds, yovelTvis axerxebs aqcen- 

tebis ostaturad gadasmas, axali motivaciis Semotanas, zrunavs moqmedi 

personaJebis Sinagani samyaros warmoCenaze, cdilobs, arcerTi epizodi 

ar idges poemaSi gancalkavebiT, aramed organulad akavSirebs maT sxva 

siuJetur elementebTan. flakusTan is epizodebi ganicdian difuzias, 

romlebic apolonios rodoselTan mxolod miniSnebis saxiT gvxvdeba, am 

SemTxvevaSi flakusi Zvel miTologiur tradicias eyrdnoba da iqidan 

iRebs inspiraciis wyaros, Tumca, rogorc kvlevam gviCvena, mTel rig 

SemTxvevaSi originalobiT gamoirCeva. miuxedavad imisa, rom mis eposSi 

moqmedebis ganviTareba, erTi SexedviT, sworxazovania, aRwers movlenebs 

laSqrobis dasawyisidan da gegmazomierad mihyveba ganviTarebuli 

movlenebis gadmocemas, romaeli epikosi misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Txro- 

bis individualuri maneriT axerxebs mkiTxveli yovelTvis uSualod mov- 

lenebis ganviTarebis centrSi hyavdes, moqmedebis gadmomcemi epizodebi 

maqsimalurad gaaTavisuflos e. w. `mecnieruli detalebisgan~ da maT 

meti dramatizmi SesZinos. imis meSveobiT, rom argonavtebis laSqrobis 

ambebs da medea/iasonis Tavgadasavals gadmoscems ara TanamimdevrobiT, 

aramed mTeli Tavisi peripetiebiTa da amavdroulad Sors mimavali pers- 

peqtiviT, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi qmnis epikuri Txrobis axal formas. 94 

flakusis yvelaze saintereso novatoroba exeba kolxidasTan daka- 

vSirebul epizodebs, rasac Cveni naSromis Semdegi Tavi eZRvneba. 

94 T. Fuhrer, Ahnung und Wissen: Zur Technik des Erzählens von Bekanntem, ROV, München 1998, 26. 

68

II kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli epizodebis ganvrcoba 

argonavtikis problematikiT dainteresebul mkvlevarTa nawili gar- 

kveul kanonzomierebas xedavs argonavtTa Tqmulebis damuSavebisas, rac 

maT safuZvels aZlevs Tqmulebis versiebze ilaparakon. Cveni azriT, aq 

saqme gvaqvs argonavtebis Tqmulebis berZnul da laTinizebul interpre- 

taciasTan da ara am miTis sxvadasxva versiasTan, rasac cxadyofs kidec 

zemoT warmodgenili mimoxilva. Tu argonavtebis Tqmulebis calkeul 

siuJetur elements berZnul literaturaSi xSirad mxolod saberZneTis 

calkeuli regionis istoriuli interesebisa da sruliad konkretuli 

istoriuli movlenebidan gamomdinare amuSavebdnen, romauli literaturi- 

saTvis es momenti ukve meorexarisxovani gaxda. a. m. evmeloss 95 es miTi 

ainteresebs imdenad, ramdenadac is SesaZloa korinToss daukavSiros. 

pindarosi kirenes mefeTa winapars, batoss ukavSirebs argonavtTa 

Tqmulebas, ramdenadac es ukanaskneli minielTa modgmis mefe iyo. 

Sesabamisad, pindaross es Tqmuleba ainteresebs qalaq kirenes daarsebis 

konteqstSi. apolonios rodoselis poemaSi detalurad aris gadmocemuli 

argonavtTa kolxidaSi laSqrobisa da maTi ukan dabrunebis sakmaod 

xangrZlivi marSruti da yvela is ambavi, romelic esoden organulad 

daukavSirda argonavtebs; e. w. mecnierul-etiologiuri interesis rac 

SeiZleba farTod asaxva mas elinisturi literaturis konteqstSi aqcevs. 

is mniSvnelovani novacia, romelic berZnulma modelma ganicada ro- 

mauli literaturis farglebSi, exeba ara imdenad Tqmulebis saerTo 

informaciul plans, ramdenadac gmirTa moqmedebis motivaciebs da 

konkretul movlenaTa ganviTarebas. 96 Tqmuleba argonavtebze romael 

mweralTaTvis saintereso iyo ZiriTadad ori TvalsazrisiT: istoriul- 

geografiuli da wminda mxatvruli. pirveli aspeqti romaelebisaTvis 

gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa, ramdenadac argonavtTa laSqrobis marSruti 

garkveulwilad emTxveoda romis imperiis eqspansias anatoliasa da Savi- 

zRvispireTSi. istoriul-geografiuli informacia, romelic argonavtTa 

Tqmulebis berZnulma interpretaciebma Semogvinaxa, romaelTaTvis axal, 

savsebiT konkretul mniSvnelobas iZenda. amdenad, àrgos~ eqspediciis 

95 G. L. Huxley, Greek Epic Poetry from Eumelos to Panyassis, London 1969, 60-70. 

96 mimoxilvisaTvis ix. c. gigauri. dasax. naSr. 1985, 49-79. 

69

saSualebiT romael poetebs SeeZloT, aesaxaT maTi Tanamedrove romis po- 

litikis aqtualuri mxareebi. 

bunebrivia, valerius flakusis inspiraciis wyaros warmoadgenda, 

apolonios rodoselis da sxva antikuri avtorebis garda, ara mxolod 

kolxidaSi argonavtebis eqspediciis Sesaxeb arsebuli nawarmoebebi da 

wyaroebi, aramed agreTve mTeli berZnuli da romauli epikuri poezia. 

Cndeba kiTxva, Tu ratom daamuSava valerius flakusma argonavtebis miTi 

ab ovo, maSin rodesac eposis formiT es Tqmuleba jer kidev Zv. w. III s-Si 

Seqmna apolonios rodoselma? upirveles yovlisa, unda gaviTvaliswinoT 

valerius flakusis Tanamedrove epoqis istoriuli procesebi da 

literaturuli tendenciebi. rogorc cnobilia, jer kidev Zv. w. III 

saukunis romaeli mwerlebisaTvis sakmaod aqtualuri iyo epikuri fo- 

rmiT nawarmoebebis Seqmna: 97 livius andronikusi (Zv. w. 280/260-200) cdi- 

lobs homerosis eposis laTinuri versiis damuSavebas. gneus neviusi (Zv. 

w. 270-201) Tavisi `punikuri omiT~ safuZvels udebs nacionalur romaul 

eposs. sayuradReboa, rom rogorc tragediis, aseve eposis sferoSi igi 

upiratesobas aniWebs romaul sinamdvilesTan dakavSirebul fabulebs. 

eniusi (Zv. w. 239-169) ufro Sors midis da qmnis ànalebs~, rac ukve romis 

istoriis gadmocemis cdas warmoadgens. 

axali welTaRricxvis pirvel saukuneebSi avgustusis epoqis didi 

aRmavlobis paTosi ramdenadme gadaeca e. w. principatis epoqis anu 

keisrebis epoqis literaturas. dramatuli Janris paralelurad popula- 

ruli xdeba berZnuli eposis `Targze aWrili~ romauli eposi. e. w. nero- 

nis epoqisaTvis sakmaod mniSvnelovani gaxda kvlav epikuri Janris 

aRorZineba. lukanusi (ax. w. 39-65) qmnis cnobil poemas `farsalia~, ro- 

melic warmogvidgens romis didebas ukve ara miTologiuri warsulis 

Cvenebis saSualebiT, aramed samoqalaqo omTan da mis ZiriTad figu- 

rebTan: iulius keisarTan, pompeussa da katonTan dakavSirebuli ambebis 

CvenebiT. 

am dros iqmneba valerius flakusis àrgonavtikac~. garda imisa, 

rom romaeli poeti acocxlebs apolonios rodoselis scenars da warmo- 

97 mimoxilvisaTvis ix.: Handbuch der lateinischen Literatur der Antike (Hrs. v. R. Herzog und P. L. Schmidt), 

Bd. I (Hrsg. v. W. Suerbaum), München 2002. 

70

gvidgens yvela im komponents, romelic saSualebas iZleva misi àrgona- 

vtika~ miniSnebebis donezec gasagebi iyos misi Tanamedrove mkiTxveli- 

saTvis, valerius flakusi axdens am miTis politizirebas da Tavis na- 

warmoebSi cdilobs, asaxos imperiis xmauri, romelic mas fanjrebidan 

esmis. 98 ra iyo misTvis stimulis mimcemi? izidavda mas iasonisa da medeas 

popularuli ambavi, Tu amoZravebda maSindeli romaelebis interesi omi- 

sa da vaWrobisadmi, dedamiwis Semecnebisa da eTnografiisadmi? flakusi 

miizida ara marto CamoTvlilma garemoebebma, aramed gansazRvrulma Ta- 

nadroulma movlenebma. 99 aq igulisxmeba romis aRm. sazRvarze ganviTare- 

buli movlenebi, korbulos laSqrobebi, neronis ganzraxva, daemorCile- 

bina albanebi kaspiis WiSkarTan, sarmatebis SemoWra misiaSi, vespasi- 

anusis laSqroba britaneTze da sazRvao gzis gaxsna, 100 oTxi keisris 

(oTo, galba, viteliusi, vespasianusi) ZalauflebisaTvis brZola, samoqa- 

laqo omebi. 101 

SeiZleba iTqvas, valerius flakusis argo aris romis imperiis 

simbolo da misi mogzauroba Seesabameba romis bedisweras, xolo romis 

imperiis bediswera ki swored imperialisturi eqspansiaa, romelsac 

valerius flakusis eposi ukavSirebs msoflio mSvidobis ideebs. isto- 

riis xma naTlad ismis eqspresiul damokidebulebaSi, romelsac vale- 

riusi dasavleTsa da aRmosavleTs Soris geografiuli sazRvrebis 

topografiis mimarT iCens (apoloniosisgan gansxvavebiT, romelic ar 

avlens msgavs interess). es naTlad Cans maSin, rodesac argonavtebi 

helespontosSi mogzauroben da rodesac Sav zRvas (evqsinos pontoss) 

aRweven. geografiul-politikuri dayofis idea da sazRvrebis SegrZneba 

laTinuri argonavtikis marSruts romis ekonomikuri da politikuri 

gavlenis sferoSi ganixilavs – es aris apoloniosis àrgonavtikis~ eT- 

nografiuli da folkloruli xedvisgan sruliad gansxvavebuli 

98 T. d. papagelisi, argos laTinuri marSrutebi: valerius flakusis àrgonavtika~: 

àrgonavtebis laSqroba~, masalebi, 12-13 ivnisi, 2008, volosi, 99-107. 

99 R. Preiswerk, Zeitgeschichtliches bei Valerius Flaccus, Philologus 89, 1934, 433-442; P. Schenk, Studien zur 

poetischen Kunst des Valerius Flaccus: Beobachtungen zur Ausgestaltung des Kriegsthemas in den Argonautica, C. 

H. Beck Verlag, 1999; D. Braund, Writing a Roman Argonautica: the Historical Dynamic, Hermathena 154, 1993, 

11-17. 

100 es cneba xazs usvams mniSvnelovan movlenas, kerZod, argonavtebis eqspedicias aRm. 

SavizRvispireTSi. am laSqrobiT saberZneTma gaikvlia gza SavizRvispireTisaken. 

101 samoqalaqo omze flakusi uSualod migvaniSnebs àrgonavtikis~ meeqvse wignSi (6. 402- 

406). 

71

ganzomileba. elinizmis epoqis poeta doctus-is magivrad romaul àrgonavti- 

kas~ qmnis keisrebis epoqis romaeli poeti. flakusiseuli argonavtebis 

miTosi romauli realiebiT aris ganmsWvaluli. man eposs iseTi elferi 

SesZina, rac misi Tanamedrove romaelisaTvis aqtualuri da saintereso 

iqneboda: gloria da virtus, potestas da timor, religio da sikvdilisadmi Tamami 

damokidebuleba, commercia mundo da msoflios nawilad yofnis SegrZneba 

– yvela es faqtori simbolur asaxvas poulobs flakusis àrgonavtika- 

Si~. Tqmuleba argonavtTa laSqrobis Sesaxeb, romelic yvela epoqaSi 

inarCunebda Tavis aqtualobas, masTan axal ganzomilebas iZens. es 

gamoixateba tradiciulad cnobili epizodebisa da personaJebis gverdiT 

axali motivebis da figurebis gaCeniT. winamdebare TavSi SevexebiT erT- 

erT mniSvnelovan aspeqts, kerZod, SevecdebiT gamovkveToT, Tu rogori 

formiT xdeba flakusTan kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli epizodebis 

ganvrcoba. 

vidre flakusis àrgonavtikis~ im epizodTa ganxilvas SevudgebiT, 

romlebic Tematurad kavkasiasTan arian dakavSirebulni, gavarkvioT, ra 

damokidebuleba aqvs valerius flakuss am informaciasTan, ra aris 

masTan, strabonis sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, to; muqw`de~ kai; to; iJstorikovn (XI, 5, 3). 

unda gaviTvaliswinoT is garemoeba, rom misi eposi ar warmoadgens 

istoriuli xasiaTis nawarmoebs, aramed cnobil miTologiur Tqmulebas 

amuSavebs, miuxedavad amisa, igi cdilobs, marTalia, poeturi formiT, 

magram sakmaod reliefurad gadmosces kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 

informacia. 

argonavtTa laSqrobis istoriuloba jer kidev klasikuri epoqis 

mwerlebs sjerodaT: hekateos miletels, skilaqs kariandels, hero- 

dotoss, Tukididess, qsenofons da a. S. eratosTenesi (Zv. w. IIIs.) wers: 

`Zveli xalxebi yaCaRobisa da vaWrobisaTvis Sua zRvaSi ki ar curavdnen, 

aramed napir-napir, rogorc iasoni~ (Strab. I. 3. 2). argonavtebis laSqrobis 

istoriulobis dasamtkiceblad strabonTan vkiTxulobT: Lšgetai d' 'I£sona 

met¦ 'Armšnou toà Qettaloà kat¦ tÕn ploàn tÕn pˆ toÝj KÒlcouj ÐrmÁsai mšcri tÁj 

Kasp…aj qal£tthj, kaˆ t»n te 'Ibhr…an kaˆ t¾n 'Alban…an pelqe‹n kaˆ poll¦ tÁj 

'Armen…aj kaˆ tÁj Mhd…aj, æj marture‹ t£ te 'IasÒnia kaˆ ¥lla Øpomn»mata ple…w. tÕn 

d ”Armenon e nai x 'Armen…ou pÒlewj tîn perˆ t¾n Boibh…da l…mnhn metaxÝ Ferîn kaˆ 

72

Lar…shj, toÝj sÝn aÙtù te o„k…sai t»n te 'Akilishn¾n kaˆ t¾n Suspir‹tin ›wj 

KalacanÁj kaˆ 'AdiabhnÁj, kaˆ d¾ kaˆ t¾n 'Armen…an pènumon katalipe‹n (Strab. XI, 

IV, 8). 102 TviT berZeni avtorebi eZebdnen argonavtebis miTSi sinamdviles 

da, amdenad, maT winaSe yovelTvis idga problema, gansakuTrebiT 

geografosebisa da istorikosebis SromebSi, maqsimalurad aesaxaT 

sinamdvilesTan miaxlovebuli istoriuli faqtebi. 

Cndeba kiTxva: ramdenad sarwmunoa berZen istorikosTa wyaroebi 

istoriulobis TvalsazrisiT. am SemTxvevaSi sakiTxs diferencirebulad 

unda mivudgeT. yvela saistorio werilobiTi wyaro Tavisi epoqis gamoZa- 

xilia. masSi Tavs iCens avtoris pirovnuli Tvisebebi, misi sazogado- 

ebrivi mdgomareoba, politikuri mrwamsi; a. m. qsenofons (Zv. w. 426-355), 

romelic TviT berZnebs miaCndaT arasando avtorad saberZneTis istoriis 

Sesaswavlad, qarTveli mecnierebi erT-erT sando wyarod Tvlian swored 

imis gamo, rom misi interesebis sferoSi ar Sediodnen Zveli qarTveli 

tomebi. 103 herodotosis (Zv. w. V s.) principi iyo ìstoriaSi~ warmoedgina 

mis mier gagonili Tu mosmenili faqtebi, miuxedavad imisa, sjeroda Tu 

ara TviT mas am faqtebis WeSmaritebis. rasakvirvelia, xSirad berZeni 

istorikosi cdilobs moaxdinos am faqtebis analizi, gaakeTos saTanado 

daskvnebi, gamoTqvas sakuTari Tvalsazrisi ama Tu im cnobasTan 

dakavSirebiT, magram maTi sandoobis gansazRvras Tavad mkiTxvels 

miandobs. swored amitom, berZeni istorikosis yoveli cnobis ganxil- 

visas zustad unda gairkves, sad gvaqvs saqme herodotosis mier mos- 

menili Tu nanaxi faqtis aRwerasTan da sad am faqtis herodotosiseul 

interpretaciasTan. 104 strabons (Zv. w. 63/64 – daaxl. ax. w. 24) ganuwyvet- 

liv aRelvebs sakiTxi, Tu ramdenad damajerebelia is informacia, rasac 

gadmoscems. a. m., igi Tavis `geografiaSi~, rodesac amaZonebis Sesaxeb 

mogviTxrobs, isve rogorc sxva mraval SemTxvevaSi, dgeba problemis wi- 

102 àmboben, rom, rodesac iasoni armenos TesalielTan erTad kolxebTan mivida, man 

miaRwia kaspiis zRvamde, iberiaca da albaniac gadaiara da didi nawili armeniisa da 

midiisa, rogorc mowmobs amas iasonisa da sxvaTa mimarT gankuTvnili mravali Zegli. 

armenosi iyo armeniis qalaqidan, im qalaqTagan erT-erTidan, romlebic mdebareoben 

boibeidisis tbasTan, ferasa da larisas Soris rom aris. isini ki, vinc masTan erTad 

iyvnen, dasaxldnen akiliseneSi da sispiritisSi, kalaqanemde da adiabenemde. man 

dautova armenias Tavisi saxeli~. 

103 T. yauxCiSvili, saqarTvelos istoriis Zveli berZnuli wyaroebi, Tbilisi 1976, 9. 

104 r. gordeziani, herodotes cnoba kolxTa warmomavlobis Sesaxeb, Tsu Sromebi, 162, 

arqeologia, klasikuri filologia, bizantinistika, Tbilisi 1975. 

73

naSe, ra aris miTiuri da ra istoriuli maT ambebSi da gvTavazobs 

cnebebis to; muqw`de~ kai; to; iJstorikovn definicias: oƒ m n g¦r ¥lloi tÕ muqîdej kaˆ 

tÕ ƒstorikÕn diwrismšnon œcousi· t¦ g¦r palai¦ kaˆ yeudÁ kaˆ teratèdh màqoi 

kaloàntai, ¹ d' ƒstor…a boÚletai t¢lhqšj, ¥n te palaiÕn ¥n te nšon, kaˆ tÕ teratîdej À 

oÙk œcei À sp£nion· (XI, 5, 3). 105 

mas Semdeg, rac pompeiusma 65 w. dalaSqra iberia da kolxida, mniS- 

vnelovnad gaizarda romaelTa Tvalsawieri kavkasiisa da kavkasieli 

xalxebis Sesaxeb, Sesabamisad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom istoriuli wyaroebic 

am periodidan met sarwmunoobas iZenen. aRmosavleTis qveynebis da gansa- 

kuTrebiT aRmosavleT SavizRvispireTis mimarT interesi garkveulwilad 

airekla flakusis Tanamedrove berZen da romael avtorTa nawarmoebebSi. 

am procesma asaxva pova valerius flakusTanac. masTan gansakuTrebiT mka- 

fiod vlindeba evropisa da aziis sazRvrebis SegrZneba (4. 720). evropisa 

da aziis Sepirispireba jer kidev berZnul-sparsuli omebidan iRebs da- 

sabams, Zv. w. VI s-is bolos da V s-is dasawyisSi. swored aqedan moyole- 

buli gamoiyeneba es terminebi samyaros ori nawilis aRsaniSnavad da zo- 

gjer berZnuli da aRmosavluri cxovrebis niris aRmniSvnel ganzogade- 

bul verbalur simboloebadac. 106 apolonios rodoselTan azia ori 

formiT gvxvdeba: ÆAsiv" (I 444 II 777) da ÆAsivh (IV 261-293). 107 argosis cnobil 

105 

`... sxva ambebs miTiuri da istoriuli mxareebi gamijnuli aqvT: Zvels, tyuilsa da 

sakvirvels miTebi ewodeba, xolo istorias esaWiroeba WeSmariteba, Zveli iqneba Tu 

axali, xolo sakvirveli an ar gaaCnia, an metismetad cota~. 

106 

R. Gordesiani, Die Gegenüberstellung Europa Asien vom Altertum bis zur Gegenwart, Logos Abhandlungen, 

Tbilisi 1997. 

107 

ÆAsiv": idmonis winaswarmetyvelebaSi `me ki RvTaebis mkacri nebiT sikvdili miweria 

Sors – sadme aziis xmeleTze~ (I 444); likosi argonavtebs uyveba herakleze: `mas aziis 

xmeleTi fexiT gamoevlo~ (II 777); ÆAsivh: argosis sityvaSi ìyo dro, roca is mnaTobebi, 

zecaze rom cimcimeben, jer kidev ar arsebobdnen, arc danaelTa wmida modgmis saxsenebeli 

iyo. [qveynad] iyvnen mxolod arkadielebi – apidanelebi; arkadielebi, romlebic, 

gadmocemiT, mTvareze adre cxovrobdnen da mTebSi rkoTi ikvebebodnen. arc pelasguri 

qveyana imarTeboda saxelovani devkalidebisagan maSin, roca saxelganTqmuli iyo Savi 

yanebiT mdidari, uZveles TaobaTa deda-egvipte da diadi mdinare tritoni, romliTac 

irwyveboda mTeli Savi [miwa]. zevsisagan movlenili merexi arasodes ar asvelebda mas 

da wyaldidobiTac sakmaod uxv nayofs iZleodnen xodabunebi. amboben, rom erTma vinmem, 

dandobilma Tavisi xalxis ZalRonesa da mamacobaze, aqedan gars Semouara mTels evropasa 

da azias. laSqrobaTa Jams man daasaxla uricxvi qalaqebi, romelTagan zogi axlac 

dasaxlebulia, zogi ki – aRar; mas Semdeg xom mravalma saukunem ganvlo. xolo aia 

axlac mtkiced dgas da aq [cxovroben] im vaJkacTa Camomavalni, romlebic man aiaSi 

samosaxlod daamkvidra. amaT Senaxuli aqvT TavianT mamaTagan naweri kirbebi, romlebzedac 

irgvliv mogzaurTaTvis naCvenebia zRvisa da xmeleTis yvela gza da sazRvari~ 

(IV 261-293); Eujrwvph mxolod aq moixsenieba kontinentad, danarCen sam SemTxvevaSi personificirebulia: 

I 181, IV 1643, III 1179. 

74

sityvaSi apoloniosi gadmogvcems sesostrisis mier aziis dasaxlebis 

ambavs. rac Seexeba termins Eujrwvph, is mxolod argosis sityvaSi moixse- 

nieba kontinentad, danarCen sam SemTxvevaSi ki _ personificirebulia (I 

181, IV 1643, III 1179). flakusi rom did interess iCens dasavleTsa da 

aRmosavleTs Soris geografiuli sazRvrebis topografiis mimarT, naT- 

lad Cans maSin, rodesac argonavtebi helespontosSi mogzauroben da 

rodesac Sav zRvas aRweven. sagangebod aris aRwerili evropisa da aziis 

gasayari. yuradReba gamaxvilebulia ramdenime faqtorze: es regioni 

uaRresad wyaluxvia. ubralod CamonaTvalic ki STambeWdavia: istrosis 

Svidtotiani delta, tanaisi, tirasi, yviTeli hipanisi, novasi, meotisis 

yure. wyali naklebad mariliania; saSineli yinvebis gamo zamTarSi 

yvelaferi iyineba. 108 aq aris swored evropisa da aziis gasayari (4. 727- 

8). 109 flakusTan sagangebod aris aRniSnuli da formulirebuli 

mniSvnelovani istoriuli faqti: sazRvao gzis gaxsna – argonavtebis mier 

simplegadebis gadalaxva: freta, quae longis fuerat impervia saeclis, / ad subitam stupuere 

ratem, 711f. romaeli epikosi aRm. SavizRvispireTis aRmoCenas Semdegi sityve- 

biT gadmogvcems: `pontosis yvela Soreuli qveyana da mefeni, Soreuli 

xalxebi, isini axla aRmoCenilia~ Pontique iacentis / omne solum regesque patent 

gentesque repostae, 712-3. 

vidre vimsjelebT sakiTxze, Tu ra mimarTebas gviCvenebs flakusi 

kavkasiasTan dakavSirebul informaciasTan, Tvali gavadevnoT, rogor 

icvleboda epoqebis Sesabamisad damokidebuleba am regionis mimarT. 110 ka- 

vkasia antikuri epoqidan moyolebuli aRniSnavs qeds Sav zRvasa da kas- 

piis zRvas Soris. klasikuramdeli periodis berZnuli wyaroebis mi- 

xedviT kavkasia aRqmulia rogorc regioni, romelTanac dakavSirebulia 

108 

Sdr. strabonis cnoba: èvropidan aziaSi xmeleTTa aRweris mizniT gadasvlisas Cven 

mier gamoyofili ori aziuri nawilidan pirveli CrdiloeTiTaa, ris gamoc aRwera 

aqedan unda daiwyos. xolo CrdiloeTiT mdebare am qveynebidan pirvelad tanaisis mimdebare 

miwebia, romelic (tanaisi) Cven evropisa da aziis sazRvrad davadgineT~ (Strab. XI, 

1, 5). 

109 

Sdr. solis mimarTva iupiterisadmi, romelic paralelebs gviCvenebs meoTxe wignSi am 

regionis (zona, 1. 516) daxasiaTebasTan: 

1. 515 nube rigens – 4. 729 umbrosae nubes 

1. 512 saevum gelu – 4. 722-726 

1. 516 nostros ... zona reverberat ignes – 4. 729 umbrosae nubes. 

110 mimoxilvisaTvis Sdr.: r. gordeziani, Lektav rCeuli naSromebi. К восприятию Кавказа в 

античных истониках, logosi, Tbilisi 2000, 262-267; Herrman, Kauvkaso~, RE XI, 1, 59-62. 

75

promeTesa da argonavtebis Tqmuleba. klasikur periodSi kritikul- 

analitikuri azrovnebis ganviTarebasTan erTad xdeba informaciis 

kritikuli aRqma. am periodSi kavkasia legendarulis sferodan 

realurSi gadadis. klasikuris Semdgomi periodis berZnuli da romauli 

wyaroebi ukve aRar arian orientirebulni opoziciaze elinebi/barbarose- 

bi. am epoqaSi yalibdeba kavkasiis Sesaxeb realobis met-naklebad adekva- 

turi Sexedulebebi. ufro Rrmad gaiazreba kavkasiis geopolitikuri 

situacia. yalibdeba Tvalsazrisi kavkasiis eTnikuri siWrelis Taobaze. 

cneba kolxida moicavs mravalricxovan toms, romlebic das. saqarTve- 

los teritoriaze saxloben. kavkasiis organul nawils warmoadgens am 

periodis mweralTa Tanaxmad, kompaqturad dasaxlebuli iberia. Sedare- 

biT mcirea informacia im tomebis Sesaxeb, romlebic kavkasiis Crd. 

ferdobebze binadroben. ZiriTadad yuradReba maxvildeba alanebze, 

sarmatebze, skviTur tomebze, romlebic gamoirCevian TavianTi mravalri- 

cxovnebiTa da samxreTis tomebTan urTierTobiT. kavkasiis sinamdvilis 

amsaxveli cnobebi uxvad mogvepoveba berZnul mwerlobaSi miTridatesis 

omebTan dakavSirebiT (Zv. w. II s-is I nax.), rodesac romi sagangebo 

interesiT ekideba amierkavkasiis qveynebs. romis imperiis farglebis 

ganvrcobasTan erTad farTovdeboda msoflio sazRvrebi. kavkasia sul 

ufro met mniSvnelobas iZenda dapirispirebaSi dasavleTi/aRmosavleTi, 

evropa/azia da sul ufro da ufro izrdeboda interesi am regionisadmi. 

romis imperiis farglebis ganvrcobasTan erTad farTovdeboda msoflio 

istoriis ZiriTadi arenis sazRvrebi. amis paralelurad sul ufro da 

ufro farTovdeboda kavkasiis roli evropisa da aziis gzajvaredinze. 

miuxedavad mravalricxovani adgilobrivi tomebis sistematuri urTierT- 

Setakebebisa da diferencirebulobisa, TandaTanobiT ikveTeba kavkasiis 

erTianobis xati. es procesi Sejamda stefanos bizantielis èTnikaSi~, 

romelic yvelaze didi qedis garSemo ganlagebuli regionis ganmazoga- 

debel aRmniSvnelad gvTavazobs termins Kaukasianov~ an Kaukasivth~. 111 

111 Kauvkaso~, to; o[ro~, o} kai; Paropavnison kalou`si, 

tw`n kata; th;n ÆAsivan ojrw`n mevgiston. to; ejqniko;n Kaukavsio~ kai; 

Kaukasiva qhlukw`~ ejpi; th`~ cwvra~, ajfÆ ou/ to; Kaukasianov~ 

wJ~ Kaspianov~. kai; oujdetevrw~ Kaukavsion. levgetai kai; dia; 

tou` i Kauvkasi~, ejx ou/ to; Kaukasivth~, wJ~ to; ÆOasivth~ th`~ 

ÆOavsio~. 

76

antikurma samyarom, romlis wiaRSic aRmocenda termini kavkasia, pirvel- 

ma SeniSna misi umTavresi damaxasiaTebeli niSani – diferencirebuloba 

da garkveuli erTianoba. Cvenamde moRweuli yvelaze adreuli wyaro, sa- 

dac es oronimi dasturdeba (Kaukavsou pevla~ `kavkasosis maxloblad~), 

aris esqile (Prom. desm. 422, Sdr. 719). herodotosTan termini dadasture- 

bulia sami formiT: oJ Kauvkaso~ (I 203, 204) – kavkasosis mTis an qedis 

aRmniSvneli arsebiTi saxeli, Kaukavsio~ _ o{ro~-is msazRvreli (Kauvkasion 

o[ro~ I 104), Kauvkasi~ _ gamoiyeneba saerTod kavkasiis qedis aRmniSvnel 

arsebiT saxelad (III 97) da aseve msazRvrelad, Kaukavsio~ o[reo~ (III 97). 

Sesabamisad, herodotosTan termini gvxvdeba yvela im ZiriTadi sabaziso 

formiT, romelTa safuZvelze antikursa Tu postantikur wyaroebSi nawa- 

rmoebia CvenTvis saintereso fuZis Semcveli yvela formativi. apolonios 

rodoselTan kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli Semdegi formebi gvxvdeba: uSua- 

lod kavkasosi msazRvrelebiT aijpeinov~ `maRali~: Kauvkason aijphventa (II 

1267); nifovei~ `Tovliani~: nifovento~ ... Ú Kaukavsou (III 1224). Kaukavsio~ forma 

rogorc msazRvreli dasturdeba Semdeg SemTxvevebSi: Kaukavsou ejn knhmoi'si 

(II 1210) `kavkasionis mTebSi~; knhmoi`~ e[ni Kaukasivoisin (III 852) `kavkasiis 

ferdobebze~; Kaukasivwn ojrevwn (II 1247) `kavkasiis mTebis~; Kaukasivhn a{ladÆ (IV, 

135) `kavkasiis zRva~. Kaukasivh aseve dasturdeba nimfa asterodeas, 

afsirtosis dedis warmomavlobis aRsaniSnavad: to;n me;n Kaukasivh nuvmfh 

tevken ÆAsterovdeia (III, 242); 

flakusTanac, rogorc zemoT dasaxelebul wyaroebSi, kavkasusi, 

upirveles yovlisa, aris is adgili, sadac promeTea mijaWvuli: Ultimus 

inde sinus saevumque cubile Promethei / cernitur, in gelidas consurgens Caucasus Arctos 

(5.155); consonat ingens / Caucasus (5. 161); quem te horrifero sortitus in axe /Caucasus 5. 518; 

quantus ubi ipse gelu magnoque incanuit imbre / Caucasus (6.612); ante meus caesa descendet 

Caucasus umbra (7.55). amas garda gvxvdeba amave saxelis personaJi, romelic 

erT-erTi kolxi meomris Tidrusis mamaa. Tidrusi kavkasusma fasisis napi- 

rebTan Casaxa Caucasus ad primas genuit quem Phasidis undas (6.641). es personaJi 

pirvelad plutarqosTan gvxvdeba, romlis Tanaxmad, kavkasusis saxeli 

ukavSirdeba mTas, romelsac am mwyemsis mixedviT ewoda kavkasosi da, Se- 

sabamisad, am mTis eponimadac moiazreba: ... ProshgoreÚqh d KaÚkasoj di¦ 

77

per…stasin toiaÚthn. Met¦ t¾n gigantomac…an KrÒnoj kkl…nwn t¦j DiÕj ¢peil¦j 

œfugen e„j t¾n ¢krèreian Boršou Ko…thj· kaˆ e„j krokÒdeilon metamorfwqeˆj [œlaqen· Ð 

d PromhqeÝj] ›na tîn gcwr…wn poimšna KaÚkason ¢natamën kaˆ katano»saj aÙtoà 

t¾n di£qesin tîn spl£gcnwn, e pen oÙ makr¦n e nai toÝj polem…ouj. Ò d ZeÝj 

pifaneˆj tÕn m n patšra d»saj plektù r…J katetart£rwsen· tÕ d Ôroj e„j tim¾n toà 

poimšnoj KaÚkason metonom£saj, prosšdhsen aÙtù tÕn Promhqša kaˆ ºn£gkasen 

aÙtÕn ØpÕ splagcnof£gou ¢etoà basan…zesqai, Óti parhnÒmhsen e„j t¦ spl£gcna, æj 

ƒstore‹ Kle£nqhj n g Qeomac…aj gegrafèj (Plut. fluv. 5, 3). 112 

Caucaseus romael epikosTan gvxvdeba Semdegi sityvebis msazRvrelad: 

kavkasusis mdinareebi da kldeebi: congeminant amnes rupesque fragorem / Caucaseae, 

stupet ipse dei clamoribus ales (6. 72); kavkasiis kldeebi: Caucaseis speculatrix Iuno 

resedit / rupibus (7.190); kavkasiis mTebi: vix ea, Caucaseis cum lapsus montibus anguis 

(5.253); kavkasiis nimfebi ad sua Caucaseae producunt flumina nymphae (5. 381); 

kavkasiis yvavili: Prometheae florem de sanguine fibrae / Caucaseum promit nutritaque 

gramina monti (7. 357); kavkasiis xeebi: Caucaseaeque trabes omnisque Aeetia tellus (7. 

565). sainteresoa, rom flakusTan Caucaseus, zemoT CamoTvlili SemTxve- 

vebis garda, gansazRvravs promeTes eTnikur warmomavlobas; igi moixseni- 

eba rogorc kavkasieli mxcovani: 'in quem alium Alciden, in quae iam tempora differs 

/ Caucaseum, rex magne, senem? (4.63). 

calke unda SevexoT skviTiis sakiTxs, ras aRniSnavs flakusTan es 

cneba, SesaZloa Tu ara misi lokalizeba, ras efuZneba is garemoeba, rom 

romaeli epikosi skviTebad moixseniebs iseT tomebs, romlebic ar arian 

skviTuri warmomavlobis, riTi aixsneba is faqti, rom TviT kolxi aieti 

da kolxi qalwuli medeac masTan ramdenime adgilas skviTebad moixseni- 

ebian? 

pirvelad skviTia herodotosTan gvxvdeba zedsarTauli formiT 

Skuqikhv (IV 12, 28, 51, 76, 101, 125, 130, 139), rasac umetes SemTxvevaSi Tan da- 

112 `...xolo kavkasioni Semdegi garemoebis gamo ewoda. gigantebTan brZolis Semdeg 

zevsis muqaras gamoqceulma kronosma “boreasis sarecels” Seafara Tavi da niangad 

qceuli iq imaleboda. magram [promeTevsma], romelmac erTi adgilobrivi mcxovrebi – 

mwyemsi kavkasosi mokla da misi Signeuloba gamoikvlia, Tqva, rom mtrebi Sors ar 

iyvnen. aq mosulma zevsma mama dagrexili matyliT Sekra da qvesknelSi Caagdo. mTas ki 

mwyemsis pativsacemad daarqva kavkasosi, mas miajaWva promeTe da aiZula daeTmina 

tanjva – RviZls ukortnida arwivi mwyemsis gul-RviZlisTvis miyenebuli Seuracxyofis 

gamo. ase gadmogvcems kleanTesi “Teomaqiis” III wignSi.~ 

78

erTvis leqsikuri formativebi cw`ra da gh` (I 105; IV 8, 99, 123, 129). 

herodotosis dros skviTia moicavs teritorias qvemo istrossa da ta- 

naiss Soris. CrdiloeTiT saxloben araskviTuri tomebi: agaTirsebi, ne- 

vrebi, androfagebi da melanqlenebi. samxreTiT esazRvreba pontos evqsi- 

nosi. herodotosis gagebiT, skviTebis qveyana didi xnis ganamavlobaSi 

warmoadgenda Caketil politikur mTlianobas, vidre iq ar SeiWrnen 

sarmatebi, ris Semdegac skviTia sarmatiad iwodeboda, Tumca skviTiis sa- 

xeldeba ukvalod ar gamqrala, igi samx.-aRm. evropis yvela nomaduri da 

nawilobriv momTabare tomebis, maT Soris monaTesave sarmatebis (rom- 

lebic xSirad skviTebadac moixseniebian) ganmazogadebel terminad iqca, 

imdenadac ki, rom es saxeldeba Crd. aziur tomebzec vrceldeboda. Se- 

sabamisad, ar aris gasakviri strabonis cnoba, romlis Tanaxmadac, mTeli 

Crd. azia skviTebis qveyanaa: E„splšonti d' n dexi´ m n to‹j EÙrwpa…oij oƒ 

sunece‹j SkÚqai nšmontai kaˆ Sarm£tai oƒ metaxÝ toà Tan£idoj kaˆ tÁj qal£tthj 

taÚthj, nom£dej oƒ ple…ouj, perˆ ïn e„r»kamen· n ¢rister´ d' oƒ prÕj ›w SkÚqai, 

nom£dej kaˆ oátoi, mšcri tÁj ˜óaj qal£tthj kaˆ tÁj 'IndikÁj parate…nontej. ¤pantaj 

m n d¾ toÝj prosbÒrrouj koinîj oƒ palaioˆ tîn Èll»nwn suggrafe‹j SkÚqaj kaˆ 

KeltoskÚqaj k£loun· (Strab.XI,6,2). 113 geografos marinosTan da 

ptolemaiosTan kvlav vxvdebiT cnobas imis Sesaxeb, rom skviTebis 

saxeldeba vrceldeboda Crd. aRmosavleTis udides nawilze, maSin roca, 

am droisTvis Zveli skviTuri teritoriebi evropaSi sarmatiad iwodeba, 

romelsac md. tanaisi mijnavda evropul da aziur nawilebad. 114 berZnuli 

terminiT Skuvqai (laT. Scythae) moixseniebdnen tomebs, romlebic 

upiratesad momTabare cxovrebas eweodnen da romlebic Zv. w. VII 

saukunidan gvianantikurobamde moyolebuli CrdiloeTSi da pontos 

evqsinosis Crd.-das.-iT saxlobdnen. Crd. sazRvrebad moiazreboda 

teritoria mdinareebs istrossa (dunai), tirass (dnestri), hipaniss, 

borisTeness (dnepri) da tanaiss (doni) Soris. berZnebis da romaelebis 

113 `Sig rom SevcurdebiT (kaspiis zRvaSi), marjvena mxares, evropelebis momijnaveni 

arian skviTebi da sarmatebi, romlebic cxovroben tanaissa da am zRvas Soris. eseni, 

rogorc ukve vTqviT, metwilad momTabareebi arian. marcxena mxares ki arian aRmosavleTis 

skviTebi. esenic momTabareebi arian da gadaWimulni arian aRmosavleTis 

zRvamde da indoeTamdec ki. Zveli elini aRmwerelni yvela am CrdiloeTis xalxebs 

sazogadod skviTebsa da keltoskviTebs uwodebdnen~. 

114 K. Kretschmer, Scythia, RE II A,1, 942-946. 

79

Sexeduleba skviTebis Sesaxeb ambivalenturia: erTi mxriv, skviTebs 

miiCnevdnen barbarosebad, meore mxriv, bunebasTan daaxlovebul, 

samarTlian da morwmune adamianebad (Thuk.2,97; Strab.7,3,7f.). dariosis 

laSqrobebTan dakavSirebiT skviTebi pirvelad herodotosTan 

dasturdebian. bizantiuri periodis CaTvliT skviTebad ganusxvaveblad 

moixseniebodnen CrdiloeTis da Crd.-aRm. barbarosi xalxebi. 115 

antikur wyaroebSi ar aris azrTa erTianoba imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra 

masStabebs moicavs skviTia. es viTareba aisaxeba flakusTanac. igi àrgo- 

navtikis~ SesavalSive faziss moixseniebs skviTur mdinared da aietsac 

da medeasac skviTebad miiCnevs hunc ferus Aeetes, Scythiam Phasinque rigentem 

(1.43); da Scythiam Phasinque mihi tuque, innuba Pallas (1. 87); kreTevsis misnobaSi 

medea moixsenieba rogorc sapatarZlo skviTiidan mox Scythiae spoliis 

nuribusque superbus / adveniet (1.745). Tumca, amavdroulad, meeqvse wignSi, sadac 

aieti da persesi upirispirdebian erTmaneTs, kargad aris gamijnuli, Tu 

vin moiazrebian kolxebad da vin maTTan dapirispirebul Zalad: Musa, 

mone, quanto Scythiam molimine Perses / concierit (6.34) `muzav, Semaxsene rogori 

mowadinebiT aRagznebda persesi skviTias~; Talia certatim Minyae sparsique Cytaei / 

funera miscebant campis Scythiamque premebant (6. 428) ` miniebma brZolaSi 

gainawiles kviteelebis xvedri brZolis velze da Seaviwroves skviTebi~; 

'quid me iam patriis eiectum sedibus istas / ut struerem pugnas Scythiamque in bella moverem / 

vos superi (6. 728) gawbilebuli persesi mimarTavs qalRmerTebs, rom omSi 

skviTia damarcxda; Sdr. aseve sic demum rapidi venies ad Phasidis amnem. / castra ibi 

iam Scythiae fraternaque surgit Erinys (4.617); finevsis misnobaSi kolxebTan dapi- 

rispirebuli Zala iwodeba skviTebad: concutiens Scythiaeque super tentoria sistit 

(6.7) `bolos mixval mCqefare fasisis wylebTan iq ukve skviTebis karvebia 

gaSlili~; Sdr. aseve persesis damxmare Zala, romlebic skviTur razmad 

moixsenieba nec minus hinc urget Scythiae manus armaque Canthi (6. 350); aut Scythiae tanta 

inde manus (7.424); kimerieli misani vanusi skviTiis axalgazrdobas argona- 

vtebis laSqrobebis Sesaxeb uambobs: Vanus, eum Scythiae iam tertia viderat aetas (6. 

115); persesis mokavSire kolaqsesi mimarTavs argonavtebs 'vos Scythiae saturare 

115 I. v. Bredov, Skythen, DNP 11, 644-656. 

80

canes Scythiaeque volucres / huc miseri venis? (6. 647) `modiT, ugnurno, skviTiis 

ZaRlebis da skviTiis frinvelebis sajijgnad.~ 

Scythicus zedsarTauli forma flakusTan gvxvdeba msazRvrelad Se- 

mdeg SemTxvevebSi: skviTuri fasisi (1.2); skviTuri zRva (1. 58, 1. 331, 2.379, 2. 

574); skviTiis mefe (1. 345, 1. 442); skviTiis miwa (1. 442); skviTiis Svili sic. 

aieti (1. 503); skviTiis mdinare (2. 595); skviTuri samsxverplo (2. 648); skvi- 

Tiis simdidre (3.307); skviTiis mefeebi (3. 496); skviTiis qveyana (3. 617); skvi- 

Turi napirebi (3. 653, 6.49, 7.42); skviTiis xalxi (4.9); skviTuri mSvildi (4. 

728); skviTiis qalaqi (5.224, 5. 325); skviTiis saxlebi (5. 516); skviTiis yure 

(6. 319); skviTuri istrusi (8.185). 

TvalSisacemia flakusis damokidebuleba am terminebis SerCevisas: 

rac ufro uaxlovdebian argonavtebi nanatr kolxidas, miT ufro meti 

konkretizacia da diferenciacia xdeba; a. m. Tu naosnobis daniSnulebis 

mxare argonavtebis mogzaurobis dasawyisSi ganzogadebuli saxeliT 

CrdiloeTiT (arctos), fazisi skviTur mdinared, xolo aieti da medea skvi- 

Tebad moixseniebian (1. 345, 1. 442), argonavtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis momen- 

tisaTvis meti konkretizacia xdeba. eTnikurobis ganmsazRvreli sxvada- 

sxva termini iCens Tavs: kolxi 116 , aieli 117 , kviteeli 118 , fasiseli 119 . medea 

Tu poemis dasawyisSi moixsenieba rogorc sapatarZlo skviTiidan, argo- 

116 Colchus: ...saevi capient quae gaudia Colchi, 3.698; Phasidis et mites' inquit 'dent vellera Colchi, 4.706; apparent 

trepidi Phasidis ostia Colchi, 5.440; hinc pariter Colchi Graique sequuntur / missilibus, 6.190; concurrunt 

ultroque ruunt in funera Colchi, 6. 241; atque 'hanc, o siquis vobis dolor iraque, Colchi, / accelerate viam 8.264; qua 

iussos sectatur quaerere Colchos / arte queat, 1.66; repperit et Colchos in me luctumque meorum, 1. 201; ei mihi, 

Colchos / unde ego et avecti timuissem vellera Phrixi?, 1. 327; tu quoque Phrixeos remo, Poeantie, Colchos / bis 

Lemnon visure petis, 1. 391; prodigiis quatiuntque truces oracula Colchos, 1. 743; ipse truces illic Colchos 

hostemque iuvabis, 4.618; vosque, viri, optatos huc adfore credite Colchos, 3.82; coeperat optatos iam lux ostendere 

Colchos, 5.178; cernis,' ait 'Colchos habeant quae proelia quique, 5. 283; Phasidis hos imponat agris Colchosque 

vocari / imperet, 5. 420; ac simul hinc Colchos, hinc fundit in aequora Persen, 6.30; Graiugenas, omnes rapturus 

acumine Colchos, 6. 389; dispulerant Colchos pariterque inglorius Armis, 6. 530; venerat ut Colchos procul atque 

Aeetia Parthis, 6. 691; fas mihi non habiles, fas et tibi linquere Colchos, 7. 231; quisve pudor Colchos iterum 

fratremque videnti, 8.313; haud usquam Colchorum animi ~neque in peste revinctos~ / tela, 6.417; robur inest; nec 

enim solis dare funera Colchi, 3.681; haec tum miracula Colchis / struxerat, 5.451; non opus auxilio Colchis nec 

foedere vestro, 5. 633; quem genitor Colchis solioque imponere fratris / iam statuit, 6.742; te iubet aut ullas Colchis 

abducere natas, 8. 156; nec numero quoniam Colchis nec puppibus aequos, 8. 320; infesto clamore ruunt inimicaque 

Colchis / aequora, 8. 326; lumina et admotis nimium mens anxia Colchis / profuit, 5. 50. 

117 Aeaeus: Caspius Aeaeum correpto crine Monesen /abstulit (6.189). 

118 Cytaeus (a) adj.: sed fama Cytaeae / virginis 6.156; fertur et ipsa furens ac se modo laeta Cytaeis / agminibus, 6. 

543; aspicis ut Minyas inter proceresque Cytaeos / emicet effulgens quantisque insultet acervis, 6. 595; tum iuvenem 

terris Parcae tenuere Cytaeis / ac subiti Mavortis amor, 6. 693; (b) subst.: Talia certatim Minyae sparsique Cytaei / 

funera miscebant campis Scythiamque premebant, 6.427; ...nova lux offusa Cytaeis, 5.466. 

119 Phasiades: et desertus equo Thydrum pedes excipit hasta / Phasiaden, 6.640. 

81

navtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis momentisaTvis kolx qalwulad iwodeba. 120 

ufro reliefurad imijneba erTmaneTisagan CrdiloeT da aRmosavleT Sa- 

vizRvispireTi. es kargad Cans epiTetebisa da Sedarebebis donezec; Tu 

CrdiloeTis eqsponirebaSi Warbobs Tovli, gausaZlisi klimaturi da 

sayofacxovrebo pirobebi, kolxidis dasaxasiaTeblad mravalgzis gamo- 

iyeneba mzis, siTbos da sinaTlis aRmniSvneli terminebi. 121 Crd. SavizRvi- 

spireTi zogadad moxseniebulia terminiT Arctos. 122 CrdiloeTi kargad 

aris eqsponirebuli flakusTan iazigi meomris gesanderis sityvaSi, rom- 

liTac argonavt kanTuss SiSs hgvris: `Sen, argivelo, romelmac es 

sacxovrisebi myudrod da adamianurad miiCnie, xedav aq, sabralov, 

gansxvavebul JamTa cvlas, masazrdovebel Tovls da sicocxlis droul 

ugulebelyofas. arc mCate niCbebze xelebis dawyoba gvexerxeba, da arc 

zurgqaris lodini gvWirdeba. cxenebs davaqrolebT zRvis gayinul Su- 

agulSi an iq, sadac istrosi wyals aCuxCuxebs. ar vwyalobT Tqveni 

qalaqis kedlebs: axla Tavisuflad davqrivar CrdiloeTis zegnebze. 

yvelaferi maqvs da yovelives Tan davatareb; SesaZloa mxolod etli da- 

vkargo da am nadavlsac didi xniT ver daisakuTreb rogorc gamar- 

jvebuli. sazrdo ki Cveni aris yovelgvari pirutyvi Tu nadiri; gaugzavne 

aziis, argolidis mcxovrebT ambavi, rom SiSi nu eqnebaT: arasodes 

davtoveb me am yinvas, am kldeebs, marsis velebs, sadac aseT Smag 

mdinareSi Cveni STamomavloba da axalSobilebi gamovawrTeT, sadac am- 

dengvaria sikvdili kacTaTvis. amgvarad mSobliur yinvaSi omic da 

nadavlis mopovebac tkbilia~ (6. 323-339). 

120 Colchis: Colchis erat nondum miseros exosa parentes, 5.349; fundere taeda / Colchis et aequali dominam lustrare 

caterva, 7.181; et iamiam magico per opaca silentia Colchis, 7. 389;...sed non incendia Colchis / adspirare sinit 

clipeoque inliditur ignis, 7. 584;... alium dehinc turbida Colchis / exarmat, 7. 596; Iamque manus Colchis 

~crinem~que intenderat astris, 8.68; Somne pater: 'Somne omnipotens, te Colchi[di]s ab omni, 8. 70; contra 

Tartareis Colchis spumare , 8. 83; Colchis et Haemonius nobis succedet adulter, 8. 338; sensit diva dolos 

iam pridem sponte requirens / Colchida, 6.468; His ubi nequiquam nutantem Colchida curis / Iuno videt, 7.153; 

Cytherea petivit / Colchida, 7. 190; flebat et invito prospexit Colchida vultu, 7. 575; At trepidam in thalamis et iam 

sua facta paventem / Colchida, 8.2; gemit inritus ille / Colchidos ora tuens, 7.369; ergo iter ad socias 

convertere Colchidos artes, 7. 625; Sdr. kolxi qalebi Colchides aequalesque tibi, Medea, puellae, 8.142. 

121 ergo ubi lux altum sparget mare (5.318); Sol propius flammabat aquas extremaque fessis/ coeperat optatos iam 

lux ostendere Colchos (5.177-8). kolxidaSi mdebareobs mzis RmerTis, solis taZari; aieti 

solis vaJia; iasoni mas mimarTavs rogorc hiperionis Zes rex Hyperionide (5.471). 

122 cernitur, in gelidas consurgens Caucasus Arctos, 5.155; signa gerens omnemque quatit rumoribus Arcton, 5.272; 

Soligenam Aeeten media regnare sub Arcto, 5.317; cum vada Thyrsagetas gelida liquisse sub Arcto, 6.140; nec 

clarior ullis / Arctos equis, 6.147; Sdr. aseve zedsarT. forma Arctous: 3.499; 5.619; 6.295, 330. 

82

Tumca aseve ar SeiZleba ar aRiniSnos, rom poemaSi gvxvdeba ori pa- 

saJi, sadac `garkveul aRrevasTan~ gvaqvs saqme: aieti da medea skviTebad 

moixseniebian mas Semdegac, rac argonavtebi ukve kolxidaSi imyofebian: 

pirveli, rodesac flakusi aRwers aietis reaqcias, rodesac man iasonis 

Txovna moismina, igi Tavis Tavs skviTebTan aigivebs: Scythiae periisse timores 

`skviTiis winaSe gamqrala SiSi~ (5.524-5); da meore, sadac gadmocemulia 

samSoblos mitovebiT gamowveuli medeas gancdebi, poeti ambobs: nulla 

palus, nullus Scythiae non maeret euntem / amnis (8.209) `skviTiis yvela Waobi da mdi- 

nare dardobs, is rom midis~. Sdr. aseve eTnikurobis aRmniSvneli md. sq. 

leqsikuri formativi Scythis `skviTi qali~, romelic gen. pl.-s formiT 

gvxvdeba, iq, sadac aRwerilia medeas sizmari Phasidis aequali Scythidum 

comitante caterva (5.342) `fasisis napirebze Tan axlavs [medeas] Tanatol 

skviT qalwulTa jgufi~. 

aseTi aRrevebi, Cveni azriT, swored imiT unda iyos ganpirobebuli, 

rom termini skviTi farTo cnebaa. jer kidev evmelosis (Zv. w. VIII s.) 

fragmentebSi aris moxseniebuli, rom aietma, romelsac wilad xvda ko- 

rinTosSi mefoba, dautova igi bunoss da TviTon skviTiis kolxidaSi 

wavida (pindarosis sqoliasti, Ol. XIII, 74; cece likofronis 174 taepis 

Ses.). 

hirkania mdebareobs kaspiis zRvis samx.-aRm.-iT, ris gamoc mravali 

istoriuli wyaro kaspiis zRvas hirkaniis zRvadac moixseniebs. “am zRvis 

Crd.-das. nawils upiratesad kaspiisa ewodeboda, xolo mis samx.-aRm. na- 

wils ki _ hirkaniisa, imis Sesabamisad, Tu tomebi _ kaspi(el)ebi da hirka- 

ne(le)bi _ sad cxovroben, zRvis nawilebsac saxelebi iseTive aqvT”. 123 

hirkaniis samx. nawili esazRvreba danarCen irans da maT Soris bunebriv 

sazRvars qmnis maRalmTiani masivi, romelze gadasasvlel uReltexilsac 

uwin ewodeboda kaspiis WiSkari anu Portas Caspiae. 124 Hyrcania rogorc regio- 

nis aRmniSvneli termini flakusTan ar gvxvdeba, Tumca naxsenebia Caspia 

claustra amaZonebTan dakavSirebiT: cum redit ingenti per Caspia claustra triumpho 

123 T. yauxCiSvili, berZeni mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, V (Zv. berZ. Targmna, 

gamokv. da saZieb. daurTo T. yauxCiSvilma), Tbilisi 1983, 137. 

124 Kiessling, Hyrkania, RE, IX 1, 454-526. 

83

(5.124). 125 Hyrcanus masTan warmodgenilia rogorc msazRvreli Perses / barbari- 

cas movit opes Hyrcanaque signa `hirkaniuli saomari niSnebi~ (3.494) da aseve da- 

sturdeba rogorc eTnonimi omSi monawile zogierTi personaJis eqsponi- 

rebisas: hirkanielia kirisi: quin et ab Hyrcanis Titanius expulit antris / Ciris 

Cimmerius (6.79); vanusi: ducit ab Hyrcanis vates sacer agmina lucis / Vanus (6.114); Zmebi 

medoresi da gelasi: Viderat Hyrcanos paribus discurrere fratres / Castor equis (6. 203). 

kimeria, mxare sadac kimerielebi cxovroben, mdebareobs skviTur 

tavrosTan da meotisis tbasTan. Cimmerius iseve rogorc Hyrcanus, 

flakusTan dasturdeba rogorc eTnonimi: a. m., kimerieli sardalia av- 

xusi, romelsac Tan moaqvs kimeriuli simdidre, igulisxmeba, rom mas Tan 

axlavs kimeriel meomarTa uricxvi jari tertius unanimis veniens cum milibus 

Auchus / Cimmerias ostentat opes (6.61). kimerieli misania omSi monawile erT-er- 

Ti sardali vanusi. flakusTan qveynis dasalierad aris miCneuli kimeri- 

elTa adgilsamyofeli Cimmerium domus `kimerielTa samyofeli~ (3.399). aq 

mdebareobs mRvime, sadac SavebSi mosili kelenevsi 126 asamarTlebs adamia- 

nebs, romelTac codva Caidines (3.399ff.). 

meotisi Savi zRvis Crd.-aRm.-iT mdebare mxarea, zogierTis ganmarte- 

biT, warmoadgens skviTias, sadac lokalizdeba meotisis tba (Schol. ad 

Aeneid. VI, 799). arsebobs gadmocema, rom heliosis vaJebs samflobelod 

Semdegi miwebi ergoT: aiets meotisida kolxida, persess ki _ tavria 

(Schol. ad Ap. Rhod. III 200). 127 meotisi flakusTan naxsenebia xoaTrebTan 

dakavSirebiT, isini floben iseT xelovnebas, rom zamTarSi gayinul 

meotissac ki adnoben nunc subitam trepidis Maeotin solvere plaustris (6.154). arcerTi 

mxare ar aris iseTi xalxmravali, rogorc meotisi, miuxedavad imisa, rom 

axalgazrdoba dReniadag omebSi iRupeba: neque enim plaga gentibus ulla / ditior: 

aeterno quamquam Maeotia pubes / Marte cadat (6.36-8). Maeotius gvxvdeba msazRvre- 

lad Semdeg SemTxvevebSi: meotiuri wylebi Maeotia laxent / aequora (4.720); da- 

125 `mdinare, romelsac axalgazrda qalwuli uZRvnis cxenebs da aRTqmul sabrZolo 

culebs miarTmevs, rodesac is didebuli triumfiT kaspiis viwrobebiT ukan brundeba, 

moaTrevs ra ukan masagetsa da midiels~. 

126 kelenevsi flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia, masze dawvrilebiT visaubrebT 

Sesabamis TavSi. 

127 SC ВДИ XXI, 292. 

84

saxelebulia aseve meotieli nimfa, erT-erTi skviTi personaJis pevkonis 

deda at genetrix imis pariter Maeotis ab antris / implevit (6.565). 

kavkasiis organul nawils warmoadgens, strabonis periodis avto- 

rTa Tanaxmad, iberiac, kompaqturad dasaxlebuli, eTnikurad sakmaod 

erTiani da civilizebuli qveyana. igi garSemortymulia kavkasosis mTe- 

biT, romlis samxreTiT nayofieri ferdobebi moicaven iberias da aRweven 

rogorc kolxidas, aseve armenias, Tumca armenia, wyaroTa umetesobis 

Tanaxmad, gadis kavkasiis farglebidan da aRiqmeba ufro aziis qveynad. 

bunebrivia, zusti da stabiluri sazRvrebi ar arsebobda da isini 

droebiT an xangrZlivad SeeZlo Seecvala nebismier eqspansias mezobeli 

an daSorebuli qveynidan. flakusi poeturi formiT gviqmnis warmodgenas 

kavkasiis sazRvrebis Sesaxeb, rodesac promeTes tanjvis Sesaxeb 

gviambobs, misi gminva TviT armeniamdec ki aRwevs da ZrZwolas hgvris 

yovel ibers. 128 flakusTan Hiber 129 da Hiberus 130 formativebis garda dastu- 

rdeba TviT regionis aRmniSvneli termini iberiac: aieti axasiaTebs 

Tavis erT-erT mokavSires iaqsartess, romlis SiSiT ZrZwian getebi, 

medebi da mTeli iberia iam pavidi cum prole Getae, iam pervigil illum / Medus et 

oppositis exspectat Hiberia claustris (5.603-4). Wreli iberiidan miiCqarian latrisi 

da otakesi kolxidaSi aietis winaaRmdeg saomrad discolor hastatas effudit 

Hiberia turmas, / quas Otaces, quas Latris agunt (6.120). 

iberiis mezobeli qveyanaa albania. albaniac moicavs rogorc kavka- 

siis mimdebare teritoriebs, aseve kaspiispireTis im regionebsac, rom- 

lebsac ukve veRar miviCnevT kavkasiad; strabonis Tanaxmad o„koàsi d 

metaxÝ tîn 'Ib»rwn kaˆ tÁj Kasp…aj qal£tthj, prÕj ›w m n ¡ptÒmenoi tÁj qal£tthj, 

prÕj dÚsin d Ðmoroàntej to‹j ”Ibhrsi· tîn d loipîn pleurîn tÕ m n bÒreion 

froure‹tai to‹j Kaukas…oij Ôresi (taàta g¦r Øpšrkeitai tîn ped…wn, kale‹tai d t¦ 

prÕj tÍ qal£ttV m£lista KeraÚnia), tÕ d nÒtion poie‹ ¹ 'Armen…a par»kousa, poll¾ 

m n pedi¦j poll¾ d kaˆ Ñrein», kaq£per ¹ Kambushn», kaq' ¿n ¤ma kaˆ to‹j ”Ibhrsi 

128 horruit immensum Ponti latus, horruit omnis 

Armeniae praetentus Hiber penitusque recusso 

aequore Cyaneas Minyae timuere relictas (5.165-168). 

129 Armeniae praetentus Hiber penitusque recusso (5.166); quos nec Hiber aut tota suis Aurora pharetris / sustineat 

(5. 559); Iamque Getae iamque omnis Hiber Drangeaque densa (6.507); forte ubi serus Hiber Issedoniaeque 

phalanges (6. 750); Sauromatae, miseranda, proci? cui vadis Hibero (7.235). 

130 Iamque Hyperionius metas maris urget Hiberi / currus (2.34); ilicet extremi nox litore Solis Hiberas / condidit 

(3.730). 

85

kaˆ to‹j 'Albano‹j oƒ 'Armšnioi sun£ptousin (XI, 4, 1). 131 flakusi poemaSi 

moixseniebs or albanel meomars: kremedons, romelic aietisa da 

persesis konfliqtSa CarTuli Albani cadit ipse Chremedoni[di]s hasta (6.194) 132 da 

albanel ufliswuls stiruss, 133 romelsac omis dawyebamdec hqonda 

kolxebTan urTierToba. am personaJze Cven qvemoT sagangebod SevaCerebT 

yuradRebas. 

amaZonebis dedaqalaqad moixsenieba Temiskira TermodonTan (Her.IX 

27; Diod.IV16; Paus.I 2 1; Appian.Mithr.78). 134 apolonios rodoselis mixedviT (II 

987ff.), amaZonebis tomi warmoiSva aresisgan da nimfa harmoniisgan. 

iustinianusTan isini skviTebis mier datovebuli qalebia, romlebic 

TermodonTan saomrad movidnen da brZolaSi daiRupnen (Iust. 4; Sdr. sa- 

lustiusTan isini skviTiidan movidnen mcire aziaSi Sallust.frg.3,46; esqi- 

lesTan ki kolxididan, kavkasiis samxreTidan Aesch. Prometh. 415, 723). 

flakusi elinisti epikosis msgavsad amaZonebs Termodonis midamoebSi 

aTavsebs (5. 121-124); rogorc sxva mwerlebs, masac, amaZonebi aresis STamo- 

mavleblad miaCnia da amitom gadmogvcems, rom maTi saxeli wminda da 

RvTiuria: `miRma rCeba halisi, grZel xveulebad mimdinare irisi da Ter- 

modoni, romelic Tavis mrisxane nakadebs mariliani zRvis SuagulSic ki 

xmauriT aCuxCuxebs, gradivusisaTvis wminda da umdidresi nadavliT 

savse mdinare, romelsac axalgazrda qalwuli uZRvnis cxenebs da aR- 

Tqmul sabrZolo culebs miarTmevs, rodesac is didebuli triumfiT 

kaspiis viwrobebiT ukan brundeba, moaTrevs ra ukan masagetsa da midi- 

els. WeSmariti STamomavlebi arian isini RvTaebrivi sisxlisa, RmerTi- 

sgan warmoSobilni 135 ; (Sdr. aseve 4.601-609). flakusi adasturebs, rom ama- 

131 

àlbanebi cxovroben iberebsa da kaspiis zRvas Soris: aRmosavleTiT isazRvrebian 

zRviT, xolo dasavleTiT emezoblebian iberebs. rac Seexeba danarCen mxareebs, 

CrdiloeTisa gamagrebulia kavkasosis mTebiT (es mTebi mdebareoben dablobebs zemoT, 

xolo is nawili, romelic zRvisken aris, iwodeba keravniad), samxreTisaken aris 

mezoblad mdebare armenia, romelic nawilobriv dablobia, nawilobriv mTiani, rogorc, 

magaliTad, kambisene, sadac iberebsa da albanelebs esazRvrebian armenielebi~. 

132 

Albanus dasturdeba aseve rogorc gaarsebiTebuli zedsarTavi saxeli: coniciunt, fugit 

adductis Albanus habenis (6.271). 

133 

advehit Albana Styrus gener agmina porta, / bellum ingens (3.497); adnuitur thalamis Albani virgo tyranni 

(5.258); tum gener Albanis Styrus qui advenerat oris (5.459); pacta quod Albano coniunx Medea tyranno (6.44); 

...Albano fuit haec promissa tyranno (8.153). 

134 

Graef, Amazones, RE, I, II, 1755. 

135 

transit Halys longisque fluens anfractibus Iris 

saevaque Thermodon medio sale murmura volvens, 

86

ZonebTan Serkineba mamakacebsac uWirT (5. 132-140). igi ar ifargleba 

tradiciiT cnobili amaZoni personaJebiT da persessa da aiets Soris 

gamarTul omSi rTavs ramdenime figuras, romelTagan nawili gesanderis 

aristiis amsaxvel scenaSi iRupeba: Toe, harpe, menipe, like da maTi dedo- 

fali evriale. manamde isini aietis damxmare laSqarSi arian moxseniebu- 

lni aietis mokavSire megobar mefeebTan erTad. evriale sakuTari Svili- 

viT uyvars aiets. 

am mxareebis garda flakusi asaxelebs sxva mraval geografiul 

punqts, qalaqs, mTas, mdinares. yvela es toponimi, hidronimi Tu oronimi 

umeteswilad dasaxelebulia e. w. skviTebis katalogSi, sadac flakusi 

warmogvidgens aietis winaaRmdeg daZrul meomarTa razmebs, romelTac 

aietis Zma persesi aRazevebs. qvemoT mokled gadavavloT Tvali poemaSi 

dacul geografiul informacias. 

mirake (Myrace) – flakusis mixedviT, mwvane mirakes da md. tibisusis 

maxloblad, skviTiis sanapiroze iSva kolaqsesi, iupiterisa da gve- 

lisfexeba qalRmerTis horas vaJi. aq SeiZleba igulisxmebodes mdinare 

skviTiaSi Maris (Her.4.48), Marisus (Strab.7.3.13). ВДИ-is komentatoris Tanaxmad 

(SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345) es hidronimi unda davukavSiroT ptolemaiosis tami- 

rakes (Geogr. III, 5, 2) da aseve mirgetebis toms (Hec. fr.155). 

gasaTvaliswinebelia isic, rom flakusTan am Ziridan nawarmoeb saxels 

atarebs parTeli elCi mirakesi (6.690, 717); heinsiusi amjobinebs es saxeli 

waikiTxos rogorc Tmyracen, ramdenadac Tamyraces iyo qalaqi skviTiaSi da 

mTiswineTi hileaSi. am mosazrebas amyarebs strabonis Tmolus (Timolus), 

Tmarus leqsikuri formativebis dadastureba: oJ Tovmaro~ h] Tmavro~ (ajmfotevrw~ 

ga;r levgetai) (Wijsman, 2000, 38). 

tibisenuri (Tibisenus) – flakusi axsenebs adieqtivur formas Tibisena- 

que iuxta / ostia. Tibisenus (6.50). igi unda momdinareobdes hidronimidan Tibisis; 

tibisisi herodotosis Tanaxmad mdinarea, romelic lokalizebulia Tra- 

kiaSi danubiosis maxloblad (Her.4.49). am mdinaris zusti lokalizacia 

Gradivo sacer et spoliis ditissimus amnis, 

donat equos, donat votas cui virgo secures 

cum redit ingenti per Caspia claustra triumpho 

Massageten Medumque trahens. est vera propago 

sanguinis, est ollis genitor dues (5. 120-126). 

87

Znelia (RE, VI, 1, 815) da ВДИ-is komentatoris Tanaxmad (SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345) 

unda davukavSiroT igi ptolemaiosis tibisuss (Geogr.III, 7.1) an tifesoss 

(Prisc. Pan. fr.8), romelsac aigiveben Tanamedrove temeSTan, dunais marcxena 

SenakadTan. 

gerusi (Gerus) – erT-erT skviT sardals datiss Tan axlavs brZo- 

lis JiniT anTebuli gangaridebi da meomrebi, romlebic gerusTan (md. 

skviTiaSi) da bikesis tbasTan saxloben (6.67-8). gerusi SesaZloa Sevupi- 

rispiroT pliniusis mdinares Gerrhus (Plin.n.h.4.84) da geross, romelic mo- 

ixsenieba herodotosTan (Her.4.56) da ptolemaiosTan (Geogr.V,11,2) (SC ВДИ, 

XXVIII, 346). 

bikesi (Byces) – pliniusTan vxvdebiT mdinares, romelic Caedineba 

bikesis tbaSi (Plin. n.h.4.84) da ptolemaiosTan (Ptol.Geogr.III,5,2), mas aigiveben 

Tanamedrove sivaSTan (SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346). 

tira (Tyra) – linquitur abruptus pelago Tyra (6.84) Sdr. Plin.n.h.4.82, Mela 2.7 hos 

ab Histricis Tyra separat, Steph.Byz.s.v. Tuvra~. am formiT moixseniebs mas 

ovidiusic et nullo tardior Tyras (Ov. Pont.4.10.50) (Wijsman, 2000, 51); Sdr. aseve 

Tyres, mdinare, romelic aseve flakusTan dasturdeba quas Tanais flavusque 

Tyres Hypanisque Novasque àRar movixsenieb wyalTa im siuxves, Svidnakadiani 

istrosis SesarTavebi rom warmoqmnian: tanaiss, yviTel tiress, hipanissa 

da novass, da im farTo yures, sadac meotisis wylebi iRvreba~ (4.718-21). 

ambenusi (Ambenus) – linquitur et mons / Ambenus (6.85) `mitovebul iqna mTa 

ambenusic~; tomaSeki ganaTavsebs am mTas dunaisa da dnestrs Soris ar- 

sebul maRlobebze (Tomaschek, Ambenus, RE, I, 2, 1797). svida moixseniebs amave 

fuZis mqone qalaqs ÒAmbenai: o[noma povlew". flakusi asaxelebs amave sa- 

xelwodebis skviT personaJs (6. 251), zogierTi mecnieri am personaJis sa- 

xels ukavSirebs gal. ambis, laT. amnis, sanskr. amba `wyali~. saxeli unda 

miekuTvnebodes getur an bastarnul nomenklaturas (Tomaschek, RE I.2, 1797). 

ofiusa (Ophiusa) – gelidis pollens Ophiusa venenis (6.85) `momakvdinebeli 

SxamebiT uxvi ofiusa~. igi tiras Zveli saxelwodebaa; Sdr. Scylax 68, Strabo 

7.3.16, Steph.Byz. s.v. Tuvra~, povli~ kai; potamov~ ejn tw`/ Eujxeivnw/ Povntw/... ejkalei`to dÆ 

ÆOfiou`ssa, oppido...ubi antea Ophiusa dicebatur (Plin.n.h.4.82). ramdenadac es adgili 

momakvdinebeli SxamebiT aris cnobili, ar aris gamoricxuli, rom aq 

88

aqcentirebulia am saxelis semantikac, rogorc gvelebis qalaqisa (o[fi~ 

`gveli~) (Wijsman, 2000, 51). 

novasi (Novas) – hiberni qui terga Novae (6.100), Sdr. aseve quas Tanais flavusque 

Tyres Hypanisque Novasque (4.719). rogorc Cans, aq igulisxmeba ukrainis erT- 

erTi mdinare. a. heereni 136 axsenebs sxvadasxva wyaroebSi dadasturebul 

md. Naiss, romelic SesaZloa novasi iyos. g. libermani 137 ukavSirebs hero- 

dotosis mdinares Novh~ (4.49), danubiosis Trakiul Senakads. arsebobda 

amave saxelwodebis romaul legionerTa garnizoni da gasaCerebeli pun- 

qti qvemo misiaSi dunaisTan, romelsac flakusi SesaZloa ukavSirebdes 

am mdinares (RE, XVII, 1, 1125, 2). 

alaZoni (Alazon) – gelidumque securi / eruit et tota non audit Alazona ripa (6.101) 

`da aravis smenia alazonis napirebis Sesaxeb~. mdinare albaniaSi, romel- 

sac aigiveben kirusis SesarTavTan ÆAlazovnio~, Strab.11.3.2; Albanorum gens..., mox 

Hiberes, discreta ab his amne Alazone in Cyrum Caucasis montibus defluente (Plin.n.h.6.29) 

(Wijsman, 2000, 57). 

tarasi (Taras) – quosque Taras niveumque ferax Euarchus olorum (6.102) `tarasi 

da TovliviT qaTqaTa gedebiT uxvi evarxusi~; v. l. (Tarax C). patara mdinare 

sadac mdebareobda tarentumi, iwodeboda tarasad. tarasi pavsaniasis 

mixedviT aris poseidonis vaJi (Paus.10.10.8), Sdr. evarxusi. SesaZloa, fla- 

kusma es saxelebi ipova apoloniosis àrgonavtikis~ sqolionebSi, rome- 

lic dakargulia. es unda edos safuZvlad am geografiul aRrevas. 

evarxusi (Euarchus) – niveumque ferax Euarchus olorum (6.102) `TovliviT 

qaTqaTa gedebiT uxvi evarxusi~. mdinare sinopes maxloblad, romelic 

mdebareobda pontusis ara im mxares, sadac umetesad moixseniebian 

tomebi, aramed sawinaaRmdego mxareze. rogorc tarasis SemTxvevaSi, misi 

lokalizebac rTulia. burmani miuTiTebs Magnum Etymologicum-ze, sadac 

vkiTxulobT: EÜarcoj: OÛtwj kale‹to Ð KÚknoj di¦ tÕ pitucîj kain…sai tÕ dÒru 

toà 'Acillšwj. kiknusi gadaiqca gedad. Fasˆ d kaˆ potamÒn tina par¦ t¾n 

Sinèphn EÜarcon ØpÕ tîn 'Argonautîn proshgoreàsqai, ¢f' oá prîton œpion, éj fhsin 

EÙfor…wn, “H oƒ EÙ£rcoio fšre klšoj ¢mfˆ ·šeqron. patara mdinare evarxusi 

136 A. Heeren, De chronographia a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss. Göttingen 1899, 48. 

137 G. Liberman, Valerius Flaccus. Argonautiques Texte établi et traduit, 2 vol. (CUF lat. 340/369), Paris 1997/2002, 

283. 

89

SeiZleba iyos kiknusis sinonimi; es kiknusi aris poseidonis vaJi, romlis 

ambavs vxvdebiT ovidiusTan (Met. 12.64ff.) (Wijsman, 2000, 57-8). 

emoda (Emoda) – iungit opes Emeda suas, sua signa secuti (6.143) `Tavis saomar 

Zalas urTavs emoda~; (v. l. Emeda V + L, Eumeda C). heereni 138 safuZvlianad 

asabuTebs, rom Emodus ukavSirdeba Imaus `himalais~, citireba moaqvs 

pliniusidan Emodus (n. h.5.98), Hemodus (6.60), Hemodi montes (6.56), ultra montes 

Hemodos (6.88); Diod Sic. 2.35: to; ïHmwdo;n o[ro~ (Wijsman, 2000, 72), Sdr. aseve (SC 

ВДИ, XXVIII, 348). 

valerius flakusma warmogvidgina ara marto CrdiloeT Sa- 

vizRvispireTi, aramed aseve samxreT kavkasia: kolxida, albania, amaZonia, 

(albaT, aqve unda Semovides aietis damxmare sardlebic da, Tu maTi 

raodenobis mixedviT vimsjelebT, sul cota Svidi arasaxeldebuli mxa- 

re Tu qveyana unda igulisxmebodes). gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eTmoba 

kolxidas da mdinare faziss. 

berZnuli wyaroebis Tanaxmad, kolxida mikenuri epoqis tomTa 

gaerTianebas warmoadgenda. miTologiuri tradiciis mixedviT, is iyo 

mTels SavizRvispireTSi yvelaze mniSvnelovani da cnobili gaerTianeba. 

straboni gvawvdis cnobas imis Taobaze, rom dioskuriasSi erTTa 

monacemebiT 70, xolo sxvaTa – 300 tomis warmomadgenlebi ikribebodnen, 

romelTagan TiToeuli Tavis enaze laparakobda. maT Soris arian isinic, 

romlebic kompaqturad saxloben kolxidis dablobze da ufro civili- 

zebulebi arian, isinic, romlebic gancalkevebiT cxovroben maTi siama- 

yisa da velurobis wyalobiT. maT yvelas uwodeben kavkasielebs (Strab. XI, 

2, 16). 

flakusi tradicias eyrdnoba aia-kolxidis geografiuli 

lokalizaciisas da aRwerilobas sakmaod realistur elfers sZens. 

masTan kolxida aris Zlieri saxelmwifo gaerTianeba, romlis saTaveSic 

dgas mefe. igi gansakuTebul yuradRebas uTmobs samefo karis aRweras. 

argonavtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis momentisaTvis samefo karis warmomadge- 

nlebs, romlebic solis taZarSi Sekrebilan, ase agviwers: taZarSi mzis 

Svili aieti Semodis, mis gverdiT dgas ymawvili absirtusi, sasiZo, 

138 A. Heeren, 1899, 41. 

90

albaneli ufliswuli stirusi, eolosis STamomavlebi, friqsosis vaJebi: 

frontisi, argusi, melasi, kitisorusi, warCinebuli mamebi patres (5.456-464), 

aietis dasaxmareblad Camosuli megobari mefeebi motique ad proelia reges. 

mefes mniSvnelovani saqmeebis gadawyvetisas mxarSi udganan warCinebuli 

mamebi da aseve funqcionirebs qurumTa instituti. apoloniosisgan gan- 

sxvavebiT flakusi aietis da misi ojaxis sasaxleebis aRweris magivrad, 

warmogvidgens solis taZars, romelsac ara oden taZris funqcia aqvs, 

aramed aris nageboba, sadac mniSvnelovani Sekrebebi da molaparakebebi 

iwarmoeba. swored aq gaimarTeba iasonisa da aietis Sexvedra. ase aRu- 

wers medea am adgils iasons: `winaparTa wesisamebr am sakurTxevelTan 

[solis taZarSi] modis mefe, aq usmens igi warCinebulebs da yuradRebas 

uTmobs xalxis Txovnebs da urCevs umjobess~ (5. 404-406). xalxs mni- 

Svnelovani adgili uWiravs qveynis marTvis saqmeSi. isini irCeven 

damsaxurebis mixedviT gamorCeul warmomadgenlebs uxucesebad (praecipuo 

Titania tellus / legit honore patres, 5.463-4) da qveynis marTvas andoben. xalxi rom 

sakmaod aqtiuria, poemis am pasaJidanac Cans: rodesac heras mier iasonze 

Semoxveuli Rrubeli gaifanteba, isini modian da kiTxuloben daJinebiT, 

ainteresebT ucxoebis vinaoba, Tu ram miiyvanaT kolxidaSi, xalxs iasoni 

angariSs uwevs da grZel sityvas warmoTqvams kiteelebis (5.465-467) da 

maTi mefis, aietis mosalmobiereblad (5.471-518). 

cnoba aias 139 qalaq kvitaisze jer kidev apolonios rodoselTan 

gvxvdeba. 140 araerTgzis ixseniebs am qalaqs flakusi. pirvelad es saxeli 

V wignSi dasturdeba Cytaeus formiT (5. 466). aq poeti lakonurad axa- 

siaTebs qalaqs, aRniSnavs, rom igi lamazia da gakvirvebas iwvevs 

ucxoebSi. konteqstidan gamomdinare dasturdeba, rom kvitaisi kolxidis 

mTavari qalaqia. kviteuri miwa terris Cytaeis (693) aris aietis samefo 

139 Ai\a _ kolxidis Zveli saxeli (Ai\a-Kovlci" II 417, 422, 1094, 1185; III 306, 1061; IV 255). aq 

movida oqros verZiT friqsosi (II 1141). aias qalaqia kvitaisi (II 1267). aias epiTetia 

titanuri (IV 131). aia daasaxla egviptelma sesostrisma (IV 277, 278). apoloniosi aq imeorebs 

herodotosis cnobas (II 2, 103), romlis mixedviTac, aiaSi mosaxle tomis warmoSoba 

dakavSirebulia sesostrisis laSqrobasTan. 

140 Kutaii?". Kutaii?do~ II 399; `kvitaiisis xmeleTsa~ hjpeivroio Kutaiivdo", IV 511; `kvitaisis 

mxareSi dabruneba~ Kutaiivdo~ h[qea gaivh", Kutaii?da II 1267; àias qalaqi kvitaisi~ Kutaiivda te 

povlin Ai[h"; Kutaieuv", Kutaievo" II 403, `kvitaieli aietis~ Kutaievo" Aijhvtao III 228, Kutaievo" 

Aijhvtao, Kutaiò". Kutaivou II 1094, Aijhvtao Kutaivou. 

91

ezidenciis adgili. am Ziridan nawarmoebi sxva formativebic gvxvdeba 

flakusTan: medeas eTnikurobis gadmosacemad fama Cytaeae virginis (6. 156-157); 

kolxi meomris Cytaei (427) da kviteeli razmebis aRsaniSnavad Cytaeis 

agminibus (543); aspicis ut Minyas inter proceresque Cytaeos (595-596) sadac naTqvamia, 

rom iasoni kiteelTa Soris brwyinavs. 

flakusma moaxerxa Tavis eposSi mxatvruli formiT warmoedgina 

kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli istoriuli realiebi, gaTviTcnobierebuli 

aqvs kavkasiis geopolitikuri situacia, warmodgena kavkasiis eTnikuri 

simravlis Sesaxeb. aseve asaxavs kolxidis sagareo da saSinao urTi- 

erTobebs. sainteresoa, rom Sida-kavkasiuri urTierTobebis saCveneblad 

valeriuss poemaSi Semoaqvs coniunx Medea-s Tema. medeas xelis mosapo- 

veblad ramdenime gmiri ibrZvis: henioxebisa da alanebis warCinebuli 

warmomavlobis sardali anavsisi, albaneli ufliswuli stirusi, skviTi 

jadoqari koastesi, parTeli elCi mirakesi. aRsaniSnavia, rom oTxive 

maTgans omamdec aqvs garkveuli urTierToba kolxidasTan. anavsisi (6.42- 

47) skviTebis katalogSi pirvel adgilas moixsenieba da gamoTqmiT iam 

pridem (6.43) drois TvalsazrisiTac migvaniSnebs mis adreul urTierTobe- 

bze aietTan; igi jer kidev maSin ganewyo aietis mimarT mtrulad, 

rodesac am ukanasknelma gadawyvita, medea albaneli stirusisaTvis Se- 

erTo colad (6.43-44) da ara misTvis, ase rom, mas piradi motivic amo- 

ravebs omSi Casabmelad; skviTi jadoqari koastesi kolxidaSi 

xoaTrebTan da kentorebTan erTad moiswrafvis. kentorebsa da xoaTrebs 

oqros sawmisis xelSi Cagdebis survili aqvT, koastesi ki medeaTi aris 

dainteresebuli. Tumca mas, sxva saqmroTagan gansxvavebiT, arc medeasadmi 

siyvaruli amoZravebs da arc sagmiro saqmeni, aramed kolxi asulis 

jadoqrobiT Sors ganTqmuli saxeli (6.155-7); parTiis mefis elCi mirakesi 

aRmosavleT sanapirodan kolxidaSi im misiiT Cadis (6.690), rom parTe- 

lebsa da kolxebs Soris kavSiri gaamyaros. sanacvlod mas, oqros garda, 

jildod medeac eguleba. jer kidev aietsa da persess Soris omi ar iyo 

dawyebuli, rom siyvaruliT ganimsWvala kolxi qalwulis mimarT da 

omSi Cabmasac ar moerida; albaneli stirusic omis dawyebamde Camovida 

kolxidaSi da is argonavtebis solis taZarSi misvlis momentisaTvis 

ukve samefo karis warmomadgenelTa Soris aris dasaxelebuli. mas sxva 

92

xelismTxovnelTa Soris privilegia aqvs _ igi TviT aietma airCia sasi- 

Zod, Tumca Tavs damtydarma omma dagegmili qorwili Seaferxa. stiruss 

bevri mowinaaRmdege hyavs medeas xelismTxovnelTa Soris da, argonavte- 

bis Camosvlis Semdeg, maT ricxvs iasonic Seemateba. roca es ukanaskneli 

medeasTan erTad kolxididan gaiqceva, Seuracxyofilad grZnobs Tavs, 

Tumca ufro metad umZafrdeba medeas mimarT siyvaruli (8.302), roca misi 

samudamod dakargvis safrTxe Seeqmneba. igi mdevar kolxebSi didi 

aqtiurobiT gamoirCeva (8.298-305, 328-368). stirusi iunos mier gamowveul 

grigalSi mdevar kolxebsa da argonavtebs Soris Setakebis dros tra- 

gikulad iRupeba (8.363-368). 

rogorc zemo Tqmulidan gamomdinareobs, medeas xelze pretenzias 

acxadebs: alani, skviTi, albaneli da parTeli. aietma misnobiT icis, rom 

medea mamiseul saxlSi qalwulad ar unda darCes da imas miaTxovos, vi- 

sac TviTon medea moisurvebs. aieti TviTneburad arCevans albanel 

ufliswulze akeTebs. flakusi Tavisi poeturi gamonagonis meSveobiT 

warmodgenas gviqmnis kolxidis sagareo da saSinao politikaze. gaaqti- 

urebulia aietis naxevarZma persesi, romelic Tavis mxriv cdilobs 

taxtis xelSi Cagdebas. aq SeiZleba amovikiTxoT Zalauflebis gada- 

nawilebis procesi. oqros sawmisis an medeas xelSi Cagdebas, romlebic 

Zalauflebis simbolod SegviZlia gaviazroT, ramdenime qveynis 

warmomadgeneli eswrafvis. iasoni – saberZneTis mkvidria, stirusi – 

albaneTis (kolxidasa da mis mezobel albaneTs Soris TiTqmis 

naTesauri urTierTobebia), anavsisi – alaniis, mirakesi – parTiis (am or 

qveyanas Soris savaWro garigebebi da molaparakebebi warmoebs). bunebri- 

via, es suraTic unda asaxavdes im urTierTobebs da istoriul process, 

rac ax. w. I saukunis mwerlisaTvis savsebiT TvalnaTeli iyo. aq ar 

SeiZleba ar moviyvanoT strabonis cnoba, romelsac flakusi mTel rig 

SemTxvevebSi eyrdnoba: àleqsandres Sesaxeb mwerlebs, bevrs arc unda 

vendoT advilad, radgan eseni advilad Txzaven aleqsandres saxelis 

gamo da agreTve imitom, rom igi laSqrobda aziis ukidures kuTxemde 

didad daSorebiT Cvengan. xolo Soreulis Sesaxeb sawinaaRmdegos Tqma 

Znelia. romaelTa da parTelTa mflobeloba mets rasme xdis fardas 

uwindel gadmocemebTan SedarebiT, radganac am mxareebisa da tomebis 

93

aRmwerlebi, romelTa Sorisac viTardeboda movlenebi, ufro sarwmunod 

laparakoben, vidre isini, romlebic amaTze win iyvnen. eseni xom sagange- 

bod ukvirdebian Sesaswavl sagnebs~ (XI, 6, 4). 

valerius flakusis dainteresebas kavkasiis TematikiT yvelaze 

TvalsaCinod poemaSi skviTebisa da kolxebs Soris konfliqtis epizodis 

Semotana mowmobs. 

1. skviTebisa da kolxebis omi 

mTavari idea, rac flakusis àrgonavtikas~ amTlianebs, aris ara 

oqros sawmisis mopoveba, aramed TviT argonavtebis eqspediciis mniSvne- 

lovneba, sazRvao gzis gaxsna. es ki Tavis mxriv dakavSirebulia sxva- 

dasxva xalxs Soris omis warmoebis da amiT TviTdamkvidrebis Sesa- 

ZleblobasTan. amdenad, savsebiT bunebrivia flakusis aSkarad gamoxatu- 

li interesi omis Temisadmi, rasac ver vityviT apolonios rodoselze, 

romelTanac, SeiZleba iTqvas, ar gvxvdeba aseTi masStaburi bataluri 

scenebis aRwera. 141 omis Temis amsaxveli epizodebidan, romlebic Zvel 

miTologiur tradiciaSi argonavtebis ciklis organul nawils 

warmoadgenda, apoloniosi iRebs kizikosis niqtomaqias da aietis davale- 

basTan dakavSirebul ambebs (igulisxmeba iasonis mier xarebis dauRlva 

da miwis naSierebis mogerieba). Tu kizikosTan gamarTuli niqtomaqia apo- 

lonios rodoselTan 13 striqons moicavs (Ap. Rhod. I 1039-1052), flakusTan 

Ramiseul Serkinebebs 206 striqoni eTmoba (Val. Flacc. 3.43-249), 142 meore 

mxriv, aietis davalebasTan dakavSirebuli ambebi, rasac farTo adgili 

uWiravs apoloniosTan, mniSvnelovnad aris reducirebuli romael epi- 

kosTan, sul raRac 114 striqons Seadgens (7.539-653) 143 . rac Seexeba aietisa 

da persesis oms, aq flakusi elinisti winamorbedisagan savsebiT gan- 

sxvavebul gzas irCevs. Zvel miTologiur tradiciaSi dadasturebuli 

cnoba Zmebs Soris momxdari omis Sesaxeb uaRresad mimzidveli aRmoCnda 

misTvis. àrgonavtikis~ mexuTe wignis umetesi nawili (5.217-695) omis wina- 

141 apoloniosTan omis Temis mniSvnelobisaTvis Sdr.: H. Fränkel, 1961, 1-20; H. Fränkel, 1968, 510- 

512; R. L. Hunter, 1988, 436-453; G. O. Hutchinson, 1988, 115f. 

142 kizikusis epizodis vrcel kvlevas gvTavazobs g. manuvaldi Tavis naSromSi: G. 

Manuwald, Die Cyzicus-Episode und ihre Funktion in den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hypomnemata 127, 

Göttingen 1999. 

143 E. Burck, Jasons Kämpfe in Kolchis bei Apollonios und Valerius Flaccus: DOREMA, Athen 1975, 11-43. 

94

e istoriis, meeqvse wigni ki mTlianad omis msvlelobasa da masTan 

dakavSirebuli peripetiebis gadmocemas eTmoba, anu Tavisi moculobiT 

(mTlianobaSi 1238 str.) igi aRemateba yvela danarCen epizods. 

Cveni mizania ganvixiloT, Tu ra funqcia da datvirTva aqvs kol- 

xebisa da skviTebis oms valerius flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~, 144 ram gana- 

piroba is, rom mas aseTi vrceli adgili uWiravs mis poemaSi. vidre amas 

gavakeTebT, Tvali gadavavloT, Tu rogor intensifikacias ganicdis omis 

Tema romael epikosTan 145 . 

daviwyoT imiT, rom apoloniosisgan gansxvavebiT flakusis iasoni 

sul sxva rangSi warmogvidgeba, es aris gmiri, romelmac sagmiro 

saqmeebi unda awarmoos. apoloniosTan iasoni naklebad gamorCeuli gmi- 

ria da umTavresi niSani, rac mas sxva argonavtebisgan gamoarCevs, aris 

ajmhcaniva: `mas ar aRafrTovanebs davaleba, romelic unda Seasrulos, 

aramed mZime tvirTad awevs. aklia swrafva saqmisadmi da sakuTari Za- 

lebis rwmena. igi frTxilia da meryevi xasiaTi tanjavs~. 146 flakusi 

cdilobs, yvelaferi araheroikuli CamoaSoros esonids, raSic zemoT 

davrwmundiT, rodesac apoloniosisa da flakusis poemebis urTierTmima- 

rTebaze gvqonda msjeloba. flakusi iasons eneasis tipis gmirad 

aqcevs. 147 amas imiT axerxebs, rom iasons aniWebs siqveles virtus. 148 

saomari ganwyobileba poemis dasawyisidanve igrZnoba, kerZod, peli- 

asis mzakvrul davalebaSi (1.22-90). iolkosis mbrZanebeli TviTon mi- 

144 

Sdr.: Th. Baier, 1998; P. Schenk, 1999. 

145 

mimoxilvisaTvis ix.: vetceli oms argonavtebis laSqrobis mTavar Temad asaxelebs, 

wamowevs iasonis da argonavtebis gmirobas da am aspeqtiT akavSirebs mas skviTebis 

omTan (39-41) (S. Wetzel, 1957, 12f.); adamitci xazs usvams formalur aspeqts da yuradRebas 

uTmobs Semdeg epizodebs: dolionebTan brZolas (Arg.3.43-256), iunos sityvas (3.492ff.), 

iupiteris gakicxvas (4.9-12), finevsis misnobas (4.617-619), muzebisadmi mimarTvas (5.271ff.) (J. 

Adamietz, 1976, 79); venini SeniSnavs, rom skviTebis oms kolxidis moqmedebaSi ZiriTadi 

adgili uWiravs (P. Venini, 1971, 611f.); ferenci iasonis brZolebs konceptualurad akavSirebs 

gmiris virtus-Tan (A. Ferenczi, 1995, 154-156). am sakiTxs vrceli gamokvleva miuZRvna p. 

Senkma, romlis naSromsac Cven ara erTxel daveyrdnobiT P. Schenk. Studien zur poetischen Kunst 

des Valerius Flaccus: Beobachtungen zur Ausgestaltung des Kriegsthemas in den Argonautica, C.H.Beck Verlag, 

1999. 

146 

H. Fränkel, Ein Don Quijote unter den Argonauten des Apollonios, Mus. Helv. 17, 1960, 4: „Die Aufgabe, die 

ihm gestellt ist, begeistert ihn nicht, sondern sie lastet auf ihm. Es fehlt der vitale Tatendrang und das instinktive 

Selbstvertrauen. Er ist vorsichtig und von Bedenken gequält~. 

147 

K. W. Hull, The Hero-concept in Valerius Flaccus’ Argonautica, in: Studies in Latin Literature and Roman 

History, Bruxelles 1979, 378-409. 

148 

Ferenczi, 1995, 154-156: es sityva argonavtikaSi 18-jer gvxvdeba, aqedan 8-jer iasonTan da 

2-jer mTlianad argonavtebTan dakavSirebiT. 

95

uzRavda samagieros kolxidas, uwindeburad Zala rom Seswevdes, misi va- 

Ji ki jer kidev Zalian pataraa saomari saqmeebisaTvis, amitom iasonma un- 

da itvirTos oqros sawmisis mopovebis misia. iasonis mama esonic didi 

siamovnebiT miiRebda laSqrobaSi monawileobas, magram masac marjvena 

uwindeburad aRar erCis. misi ganwyobileba (1.336-340) exmianeba xomald 

argos suraTebs; erT-erT maTganze gadmocemulia lapiTebis brZola ken- 

tavrebis winaaRmdeg (1.140-148). esons maSin pelevsi da nestori axldnen 

Tan, romlebic axla argonavtebis laSqrobis monawileebi arian. 149 

Tu davukvirdebiT argonavtebis katalogsac, aqac sagrZnobia sao- 

mari ganwyoba. flakusi saguldagulod aRwers calkeuli gmiris saomar 

aRkazmulobasa da sabrZolo mzadyofnas. poemaSi mravalgzis aseve 

gvxvdeba miniSneba troas omze (1. 370-373, 380-382, 387, 391-393, 403-409). Sesaba- 

misad, valeriusi erT mTlian suraTs warmogvidgens: mamaTa Taobam sao- 

mar saqmeebSi aCvenes Tavi da amiT daedo safuZveli Zalauflebis cvlas 

(1.542f.), vaJebis Taoba saomari eqspediciiT midis aziis winaaRmdeg da 

warmatebiT arTmevs mas Tavs (1.545-548), rasac momavali Taoba sabolood 

amyarebs (1.549-554). es yvelaferi mxatvruli formiT flakusis axal kon- 

cefciaSi _ iupiteris samyaros gegmaSia warmodgenili, razec Cven ukve 

gvqonda msjeloba Sesabamis TavSi. 

rac Seexeba aietisa da persesis oms, flakusis STagonebis wyaro, 

SesaZloa, gamxdariyo apolonios rodoselis àrgonavtikaSi~ sul raRac 

ramdenime striqonSi gadmocemuli ambavi: kolxidaSi Casuli iasoni aiets 

sTavazobs, rom samsaxurs gauwevs mezobeli savromatebis an sxva rome- 

lime xalxis damorCilebaSi oqros sawmisis sanacvlod (Ap. Rhod. III 392- 

395). apoloniosTan am SemoTavazebas ar gaaCnia funqcionaluri datvirT- 

va, vinaidan am xaziT moqmedeba aRar viTardeba. aieti fiqrobs, umalve 

gauswordes Tavxed argonavtebs, Tu jer maTi Zala gamoscados (3.397-398). 

cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom medeam daxmareba aRmouCina persesis mier taxti- 

dan Camogdebul aiets da mas kuTvnili Zalaufleba daubruna, jer kidev 

apolodorosTan gvxvdeba (I.IX.28.6). msgavsi cnoba dasturdeba diodoro- 

149 kentavrebis winaaRmdeg brZolis motivi apoloniosis argonavtebis katalogze 

dayrdnobiT Semoaqvs flakuss. argonavti koronosi vaJia lapiTi kainevsisa, romelic am 

brZolaSi daeca (Ap. Rhod. I 57-64). 

96

sTanac (IV. 55), romelic gadmogvcems, rom medea Tavis vaJTan, medosTan 

erTad kvlav kolxidaSi brundeba, miatovebs ra aTenel egevss. kolxida- 

Si medosi klavs persess da aiets taxts ubrunebs. imave motivacias 

vxvdebiT romaul literaturaSi higinusTan (fab. XXVI) da tacitusTan (An. 

VI.34). naTelia, rom flakusi arsebiTad cvlis wyaroebSi am naklebad 

cnobili epizodis sakvanZo momentebs: 1. aietsa da persess Soris konf- 

liqti medeas kolxidaSi yofnisas xdeba; 2. flakusTan gamarjvebuli 

aris aieti da ara persesi da, amdenad, aiets arc sWirdeba medeas da misi 

vaJis daxmareba; 3. aseTi masStaburobiT mxolod masTan aris aRwerili 

uSualod kolxidaSi momxdari omis amsaxveli scenebi. qvemoT ganvixi- 

lavT omis winare istorias, motivaciasa da struqturas. 

a) omis winare istoria: flakusi pirveli wignidanve (1.22ff.) amza- 

debs safuZvels ZmaTa Soris omisaTvis, romlis programac iupiteris sam- 

yaros gegmaSia (1.531-560) warmodgenili. romaeli epikosis mier gamogoni- 

li sametapovani samyaros gegmis ordo rerum mixedviT oqros sawmisis meSve- 

obiT Zalaufleba aRmosavleTidan gadadis saberZneTSi [medeas da oqros 

sawmisis gataceba 150 // parisis mier elenes wamoyvana] da saberZneTis 

daqveiTebis Semdeg ki Zalauflebas sxva [romaeli] xalxebi iReben xelSi 

[eneass penatebi romSi miaqvs]. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom flakusiseul 

samyaros gegmaSi 151 erTad aris warmodgenili homerosi, apoloniosi da 

vergiliusi. flakusis mxatvrul teqnikaze miuTiTebs aseve epikuri 

Txrobis miseuli teqnika. igi poemaSi prolefsebis 152 CarTviT 

intensiurad axdens mkiTxvelis codnis aqtivirebas: TxrobaSi rTavs met- 

150 iasonis mier sawmisis da medeas gatacebaze poemaSi kavkasiuri siyvarulis alegoriuli 

istoriac migviTiTebs, romelic kolxidaSi solis taZarSi iyo gamosaxuli: 

siyvarulisgan gaxelebuli mdinaris RmerTi fasisi kolxi nimfis aias damorCilebas 

lamobs, darcxvenili qalwuli iltvis mSobliur mTebSi gaSmagebuli fasisisgan, SeSinebuli 

da Zal-Ronemixdili aia yris kaparWebs da mas sabolood RmerTi imorCilebs 

Tavisi mZlavri talRebiT (5.425-428). msgavsad medeac amaod cdilobda iasonis siyvarulisgan 

Tavis daRwevas (7.1-20, 127-152, 292-322), magram sabolood RmerTebis CareviT 

Tmobs da iasoni sawadels aRwevs (6.439-479, 590-591, 7.153-186, 323-324) (G. Manuwald, 1998, 31). 

151 Sdr. G. Manuwald, 2002, 43-57; G. Manuwald, 2004, 145-162. 

152 arsebobs prolefsebis sxvadasxva saxeebi: 1. xilvebi da misnobebi (misnebis an 

RmerTebis); 2. Selocva da wyevla; 3. sizmrebi; 4. moqmedi figurebis winaTgrZnoba momavalSi 

mosalodneli movlenebis Sesaxeb; 5. krZalva, SiSi; 6. survilebi, molodini, 

daskvna, brZaneba, gegma (gadawyvetileba, gankarguleba, molaparakeba); 7. suraTebis aRwera; 

8. aitiebi; 9. winaswari miniSneba, romelsac mTxrobeli pirvel pirSi gadmogvcems, 

amas miekuTvneba metaforebi, komentarebi Sedarebisas; 10 analogiebi (dawvr. ix. Fuhrer, 

1998, 15). 

97

naklebad SeniRbul movlenebs, romlebic mogvianebiT ganviTardeba. 153 

pirveli wignis dasawyisidanve àrgonavtikaSi~ moqmedeba isea warmodgeni- 

li, rom garkveul mizandasaxulobas gviCvenebs: Sesabamisad, gaaCnia te- 

leologiuri ganzomileba. mexuTe wignSi Tavs iCens prolepsebis mTeli 

wyeba: mTxrobelis miniSnebebi, misnobebi, xilvebi, moqmed personaJTa 

winaTgrZnobebi, SiSi, sizmrebi da analogiebi, 154 romelTa meSveobiTac 

Tvalwin mTeli winare istoria warmogvidgeba da amavdroulad is fa- 

qtebic aris daSifruli, romlebic momavalSi ganviTardeba. 

b) omis motivacia: nawarmoebSi omi erTdroulad or sibrtyeze mim- 

dinareobs, amdenad, sayuradReboa, erTi mxriv, RmerTebis da, meore mxriv, 

adamianebis motivaciebi. 

RmerTebi: iupiterma uwyis fata-s Sesaxeb, romelic winaswar aris 

gansazRvruli da dakanonebuli: vetera haec nobis et condita pergunt / ordine cuncta 

suo rerumque a principe cursu / fixa manet (1.531-533) da rom dadgenili xvedris 

Secvla SeuZlebelia 155 , Tumca, meore mxriv, movida cvlilebebis dro, es 

iupiteris gegmaSi mxatvrulad ase aris gadmocemuli: `msurs Cemi mbrZa- 

neblobis gadawyvetilebebi ganvaaxlo. / arsebobda mxare aRmosavleTSi, 

romelic qalwul heles zRvasTan da tanaisTan mdebareobs. / cxenebiT 

mdidari da xalxmravali, da veravin bedavda xeli aRemarTa / mis sawinaa- 

Rmdegod da saxeli omebSi moexveWa. / me TviTon vmfarvelobdi am mxares 

da mis keTildReobaze vzrunavdi. / Tumca saubedurod dgeba dRe, da 

azia axla SeZrulia; / vuSveb imas, rom daeces. berZnebi ukve iTxoven Cem- 

gan qorwils. / Cemi muxebi da samfexebi, mSobelTa gulebi, maT gagzavnes 

/ es laSqari zRvaze. talRebiTa da qariSxlebiT gakvalulia / SenTvis 

gza, belona. magram mxolod sawmisi ki ar / warmoSobs borotebas, aramed 

153 T. Fuhrer, Ahnung und Wissen: Zur Technik des Erzählens von Bekanntem, ROV, München 1998, 11-26. 

154 avi winaTgrZnobiT aris moculi medea Tavisi sizmris gamo (5.335f.); sizmarSi medea 

esalmeba mamas da saqmros. amis Semdeg xedavs solis taZris suraTebze sakuTar xvedrs: 

Tu rogor iZiebs Surs peliasze korinTosSi. iasonis medeasadmi mimarTuli sityvac 

(5.378-390) momavali movlenebis Sesaxeb miniSnebebs Seicavs; solis taZarSi gamosaxuli 

suraTebis saSualebiT iasoni winaswar iRebs cnobas Tavisi ubedurebis Sesaxeb 

(romlis arsic misTvis am momentSi miuwvdomelia); iasonisa da medeas siyvarulis ambavs 

samwuxaro dasasruli rom eqneba, ara erTxel aris miniSnebuli ramdenime adgilas 

(hekates misnoba 6.497ff., iupiteris sityva V wignis bolos, mopsusis orive misnoba VIII 

wignSi). 

155 mas, rom dadgenili xvedris arideba ar ZaluZs, Cans kolaqsesis ambidanac. miuxedavad 

imisa, rom igi misi Zea, uZluria, daixsnas sikvdilisgan (6.621-630). 

98

ufro metad im qalwulis motacebis gamo grZeldeba uTanxmoeba~ (5.536- 

548). 

rac Seexeba sxva RmerTebs, e. w. ministeria deorum mxars uWers laSqr- 

obas una omnes gaudent superi (1.501). iunom da palasma ician, rom samar- 

Tlianoba am omSi persesis mxarezea Procerum vi pulsus iniqua / germanique manu 

Perses / barbaricas iam movit opes Hyrcanaque signa (3, 492). amitom iuno agzavnis 

palass kolxidaSi, raTa argonavtebma persesis mxare daiWiron: sponde 

adfore reges / dis gentos, quis arma volens, quis agmina iungat (3, 504). Tumca mogvianebiT 

cvlian gadawyvetilebas Quibus addimur armis ? ekiTxeba palasi iunos. „cernis“ 

ait „Colchos habeant quae proelia, quique / nunc status. hinc Perses, illinc non viribus aequis / 

apparat Aeetes aciem. quibus addimur armis?“ cui Iuno „dimitte metus, ne proelia forte / hinc 

tibi grata negem; ... stat pectore fixum / Aeetae sociare manus, scio perfida regis / corda quidem; 

nullos Minyis exsolvet honores“ (5, 283). es dialogi ukiduresad gansxvavdeba 

winamdebarisagan. Cndeba kiTxva: daiviwyes RmerTebma is, rac persess 

Sehpirdnen? an flakuss aRar axsovs is, ris Sesaxebac mesame wignSi mo- 

gviTxro. es ukanaskneli gamoiricxeba Tu istoriis ganviTarebas miva- 

devnebT Tvals. damarcxebis Semdeg persesi mwared sayvedurobs RmerTebs, 

radgan maT piroba misces, magram mxardaWera ar aRmouCines. raze miuTi- 

Tebs es winaaRmdegobrioba? argonavtebma rom isedac Zlieri persesis 

mxare daiWiron, omi male damTavrdeba, es ki iupiteris gegmas ewinaaRmde- 

geba. amitomac qalRmerTebi argonavtebs aietis iniquus tyrannus mxareze aye- 

neben. ase gadawyveten isini, miuxedavad imisa, rom ician, es kavSiri argo- 

navtebs arafers argebs. 

mxolod soli da marsi fiqroben, rom oqros sawmisis saberZneTSi 

dabruneba maT interesebs ewinaaRmdegeba: marsi Relavs, radgan sawmisi 

mis WalaSi inaxeba da sawmisis gatacebis SemTxvevaSi safrTxe emuqreba 

(1.529), igi funqcias dakargavs; soli ki imitom aris SeSfoTebuli, rom 

sawmisi misi Zis aietis ganmgeblobaSia, rac uzrunvelyofs mis SeuzRu- 

dav Zalauflebas, amitom sTxovs iupiters argonavtebis xomaldis kol- 

xidaSi gamgzavrebas xeli SeuSalos. 

adamianebi: vidre omi daiwyeba kolxidaSi, mas win uZRvis ori 

misnoba da avismomaswavebeli niSnebi. aiets RamiT gamoecxadeba 

gardacvlili friqsusis aCrdili (5.233-240). eolidi aRwers aietis 

99

damsaxurebas, Tu rogor Seifara man ltolvili ufliswuli, miaTxova 

sakuTari qaliSvili. aCrdili aiets uwinaswarmetyvelebs, rom igi Zala- 

uflebas maSin dakargavs da Tavs ubedureba daatydeba, roca oqros 

sawmiss marsis Walidan moitaceben; amas mosdevs gafrTxileba: medea 

unda gaTxovdes masze, viszec surs, radgan qalwuli ar unda darCes ma- 

mis samflobeloSi; rogorc misnobidan Cans, is, rom aieti Zalauflebas 

dakargavs, gardauvalia (amis gamosaxatavad gamoyenebulia cum temporale da 

ara cum conditionale). mxolod medeas Taobaze gafrTxileba moiTxovs 

aietisgan gadawyvetilebas, rasac igi spontanurad iRebs kidec, surs, 

medea albanel ufliswuls miaTxovos (5.256-258); misnobas mosdevs vizu- 

aluri suraTi: TiTqos friqsusi aiets awvdis sabediswero sawmiss fatalia 

visus (5.241). 

friqsusis misnobas sruliad ewinaaRmdegeba kolxi qurumis misnoba, 

romelsac win uZRvis avismomaswavebeli niSnebi da movlenebi (auguria 

monstraque). qurumi afrTxilebs mefes, romAavbediTi sawmisi exitiale ... vellus 

... infaustum (5.261-2) qalaqs ubedurebas moutans, amitom igi unda daabrunon 

hemoniaSi (5.261-262). 

aieti persess ver gautoldeba samxedro ZaliT, magram 

argonavtebTan kavSiris damyarebiT cdilobs Tavisi miznebis gansaxorci- 

eleblad gamoiyenos isini. umalavs argonavtebs omis namdvil mizezs da 

arwmunebs maT, rom persess ganzraxuli aqvs, mas taxti waarTvas. hpir- 

deba maT oqros sawmiss daxmarebis SemTxvevaSi (5.534-541), Tumca realu- 

rad oqros sawmisis daTmobas arc apirebs. 

aieti dilemis winaSe dgas: mas gadawyvetileba sakuTari inte- 

resebis sakeTildReod gamoaqvs, rac ukmayofilebas iwvevs persesis 

mxridan da omis dawyebis sababi xdeba. brZolis dawyebamde persesi 

cdilobs, iasoni daarwmunos aietis mzakvrobaSi, magram marsi manamde 

ereva saqmeSi, vidre macne iasonamde miaRwevs (6.14-30). 

persesi pirvelia, vinc aietis Zalisxmevis absurdulobas ganWvrets 

(6.733) da qveynis interesebis dacvisaTvis ukidures zomas mimarTavs. 

Tumca mesame wignis pasaJic migviTiTebs, rom Zmebs Soris manamdec 

arsebobda mtruli ganwyobileba. apolonios rodoselTanac ki Cans, rom 

100

aiets daZabuli urTierToba aqvs savromatebTan Tu sxva xalxebTan (Apoll. 

Rhod. 3.392-395). 

rac Seexeba iasons, igi, miuxedavad imisa, rom ganWvrets aietis mza- 

kvrobas, mainc aietis mxares iWers: ergo nec hic nostris deerat labor arduus actis 

(5.542) `mZime davalebebis Sesruleba aqac ar agvcdeba~, veniant super haec 

quoque fato / bella meo (5.544-5) òmi aris Cemi xvedri~ _ dasZens igi. vfiqrobT, 

rom zogadad argonavtebis qmedebebi lakonurad SeiZleba Sefasdes am 

fraziT sine honores labores (6.733). 156 

g) omis amsaxveli scenebis struqtura: ramdenadac kizikusis 

kunZulze ganviTarebuli ambebi struqturul mimarTebas gviCveneben kol- 

xidis omTan, saWirod migvaCnia yuradReba SevaCeroT ramdenime mniSvne- 

lovan aspeqtze. kizikusis epizods win uZRvis pasaJi (2.627-3,13), sadac 

flakusi aRwers dolionebis qveyanas da mis mmarTvels warmogvidgens 

(2.627-636). amas mohyveba scena, sadac kizikusi megobrulad iRebs argo- 

navtebs (2.636-648), aseve nadimis aRwera, sadac aRniSnaven damegobrebas 

(2.649-664), msgavsad aris konstruirebuli kolxidaSi konfliqtis epi- 

zodi: moqmedeba kolxidaSi iwyeba muzebisadmi mimarTviT (5.217-224), rasac 

mosdevs winare istoriis anu movlenebis gadmocema, rac argonavtebis 

kolxidaSi Casvlamde moxda da omis warmoSobis mizezebi (5.224-277). 

RmerTebis scenaSi iuno da palasi gegmas awyoben, rogor warmarTon 

kolxidis omi TavianT sakeTildReod. (5.278-296); paralelurad bWoben 

argonavtebi, rogori gziT mividnen aietTan (.297-328). momdevno scenebSi 

omis Tema ukana planze gadadis (5.329-454). aietTan Sexvedra xdeba solis 

taZarSi (5.455-546). igi aRwers, Tu rogor midis ramdenime argonavti 

qalaqSi, medeasTan pirvel Sexvedras, solis taZris suraTebs. amas mos- 

devs aietTan audiencia (5.455-546). mefe sTxovs iasons, daexmaros persesis 

winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi. mas Semdeg, rac argonavtebi qalaqSi Sedian 

(5.558-569), kavSiri myardeba nadimiT, sadac aieti da iasoni erTmaneTs 

warudgenen mokavSireebs (5.570-617). RmerTebis scenaSi olimpielebi 

arkveven poziciebs (5.618-695), iupiteri gansazRvravs omis mimdinareobas 

(5.672-689). scena mTavrdeba RmerTebis nadimiT (5.690-695). 

156 Ferenczi, op. cit. 1995, 155. 

101

valeriusi orive epizodis pirvel monakveTs amTavrebs nadimiT: 

mesame wignSi argonavtebi nadimis Semdeg emSvidobebian kizikuss (3.1-13), 

mexuTe wignSi warmodgenilia argonavtebisa da aietis nadimi (5.690-695). 

momdevno scenebSi aRwerilia mowinaaRmdege mxareTa dapirispireba. orive 

pasaJis bolos niadagi Semzadebulia uSualod brZolis scenebis aRweri- 

saTvis. kizikusis epizodis meore monakveTi iwyeba muzebisadmi mimarTviT 

(3.14-18), sadac flakusi yveba preistorias: kizikusma Seuracxyo kibele, 

riTac daimsaxura sasjeli argonavtebis xeliT (3.19-31). aietic hibrisis 

gamo daisaja, miuxedavad imisa, rom omSi skviTebze gamarjveba moipova, 

argonavtebma gaitaces oqros sawmisi, misi samefo xelisuflebis sim- 

bolo. 

omis TemasTan dakavSirebuli orive epizodis agebisas flakusi sam 

models eyrdnoba: apolonioss, homeross da vergiliuss. udavod kizi- 

kusis epizodi fabulis doneze mihyveba apolonios rodosels (I 936-1014), 

Tumca, rogorc Cven ukve vaCveneT, garkveul modifikacias ganicdis; 

flakusi amas aRwevs èneidis~ pirveli wignidan Sesatyvisi pasaJebis da 

motivebis SemotaniT (453-493, 561-630, 647-655, 697-756 sadac dido iRebs 

eneass da uyveba troas damxobas); kolxidis omi garkveul paralelebs 

gviCvenebs èneidaSi~ laciumSi momxdar omTan (7.36-322). 157 eneasis 

laciumSi warmoebul brZolebsa da kolxidis oms Soris konceptualuri 

Tanxvedrac arsebobs. Tu moipoveben argonavtebi sawmiss, eneasi miiRebs 

uflebas, troelebisaTvis italiaSi daaarsos axali samSoblo. moqme- 

debis programa Camoyalibebulia iupiteris gegmaSi (Arg. 1.531-560; Sdr. Aen. 

1.254-296). eneasis gamarjveba italiel mowinaaRmdegeebze emsaxureba furor 

impius-is damorCilebas, rac fata-Tia gansazRvruli. àrgonavtikaSi~ omi 

aris saSualeba, romlis meSveobiTac yovel gamorCeul xalxs ZaluZs 

Caigdos xelSi marTvis sadaveebi. Sesabamisad, kolxidaSi momxdari omi 

ganapirobebs Zalauflebis cvlas saberZneTis sakeTildReod. argonav- 

tebi amarcxeben aziur Zalis ganmasaxierebel skviTebs da amiT amyareben 

saberZneTis upiratesobas. iasonis sagmiro saqmeebi iwveven medeaSi siyva- 

157 Tanxvedrebi TvalsaCinod aris warmodgenili smolenaarsis mier SemoTavazebul sqemebSi: 

J.J.L. Smolenaars, Quellen und Rezeption. Die Verarbeitung homerischer Motive bei Valeius Flaccus, ROV, 

Hildesheim, Zürich, New York 1991, 70-71. 

102

uls, romlis meSveobiTac igi moipovebs sawmiss. es movlena gana- 

pirobebs konfliqts (igulisxmeba kolxTa dadevneba), romlis dasrule- 

bis ASemdegac hegemonia aziidan saberZneTSi gadadis. 158 

axla ufro dawvrilebiT SevexoT skviTebisa da kolxebis omTan 

dakavSirebul epizodebs. omis msvlelobis gadmomcem pirvel nawilSi 

flakusi gviyveba skviTebis tragedias, aq aRweril epizodebSi ramdenime 

mniSvnelovani da naklebadmniSvnelovani skviTi personaJis garda iRupe- 

bian kolxi meomrebic. omis Sesaval striqonebSi (182-201) flakusi brZo- 

lis sxvadasxva aspeqtze amaxvilebs yuradRebas. gvTavazobs omis zogad 

aRwerilobas (182-188); Semoaqvs brZolis amsaxveli konkretuli scenebi 

(189-195); Tanabrad iRupebian meomrebi orive mowinaaRmdegis mxridan, gan- 

sakuTrebuli dramatizmi omis ganviTarebaSi ar SeimCneva. Semdeg war- 

modgenilia gamorCeul gmirTa aristiebi: eqsponirebulia argonavti kas- 

tori (203-264); mniSvnelovani adgili eTmoba albaneli stirusisa da 

alanTa sardlis, anavsisis Sexvedras (265-278); amas mohyveba iazigi gesan- 

deris aristia (279-385); skviTi ariasmenusis CarTva brZolaSi (386-426). 

Sualeduri adgili uWiravs RmerTebis scenas: batalur scenebs 

adgils uTmobs iunos intrigebi. igi venuss sTxovs siyvarulis qamars, 

raTa medea siyvaruliT aRagznos iasonis mimarT. miiRebs medeas dis, 

qalkiopes saxes da qalaqis kedlebidan qalwulTan erTad akvirdeba 

omis msvlelobas (427-506). 

am intermecos Semdgom kvlav Semodis omis amsaxveli scenebi. meore 

nawilSi kolxebi da argonavtebi mniSvnelovan warmatebebs aRweven, medea, 

romelic iuno_qalkiopesTan erTad akvirdeba omis msvlelobas, yuradRe- 

bas amaxvilebs iasonze da siyvaruliT ganimsWvaleba. kmayofili iuno 

stovebs moqmedebis asparezs, medea mxolod iasoniT aris Sepyrobili 

(507-724). meeqvse wignis bolos flakusi kvlav persessa da medeas ubrund- 

eba. persesi ukmayofilebas gamoTqvams skviTebis damarcxebis gamo, medeas 

mxolod iasonis bedi adardebs. es ori mniSvnelovani figura: medea da 

persesi SesavalSive Semohyavs flakuss da maTi daskvniT nawilSi moxse- 

158 P. Schenk, op. cit. 1999, 271, Sdr. aseve: 32-40. 

103

niebiT kompoziciurad kravs mTels meeqvse wigns. TvalsaCinoebisaTvis 

qvemoT warmovadgenT omis msvlelobis struqturas: 159 

1-32 (32 str.) Sesavali 

33-181 (149) skviTebis katalogi 

182-426 (245) skviTebis warumatebloba 

182-202 dasawyisi 

203-264 kastoris aristia 

265-278 stirusisa da anavsisis Serkineba 

279-385 gesanderis aristia 

386-426 ariasmenusis CarTva brZolaSi 

427-476 (50) RmerTebis scena (iuno, iuno_venusi) 

477-724 (248) kolxebis gamarjveba (iunosa da medeas teiqoskopia) 

477-505 iuno_medea 

507-574 kolxuri aliansi 


602-656 iasonis aristia 


681-724 iasoni_medea 

725-760 (36) omis dasasruli (persesi_palasi; medea) 

aietisa da persesis konfliqti da masTan dakavSirebuli ambebi 

CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT aris saintereso erTi mniSvnelovani garemoebis 

gamoc. flakuss moqmedebaSi Semohyavs kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli mrava- 

li axali personaJi. igi 79 axal figuras igonebs, romlebic uSualod am 

konfliqtSi iReben monawileobas. isini erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdebian 

warmomavlobiT, garegnobiT, CacmulobiT, adaT-wesebiT; bunebrivia, Ziri- 

Tadad, isini statistis funqcias asruleben, Tumca mravali maTgani ga- 

moirCeva gansakuTrebuli eqsponirebis xarisxiT. maT Sesaxeb ufro 

detaluri msjeloba momdevno TavSi gveqneba. 

ismis kiTxva: raSi dasWirda flakuss ganevrco aietisa da persesis 

dapirispirebis ambavi, gamoegonebina miTologiuri tradiciisaTvis amdeni 

ucnobi axali personaJi. flakusma omis Tematikis intensifikaciiT laTi- 

159 E. Lüthje, op. cit. 1971, 280. 

104

nuri eposi Taviseburad aqtualuri gaxada Tavisi epoqis sazogadoebisa- 

Tvis. es momenti ZiriTadad ori faqtoriT unda iyos ganpirobebuli. 

erTi mxriv, istoriuli realobiT, meore mxriv, avtoris gazrdili in- 

teresiT kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis mimarT. omis Temis 

nawarmoebSi CarTviT, romelic uciloblad mis integralur nawils 

warmoadgens, flakusTan reducirebulia zRapruli epizodebi da gazrdi- 

lia kavkasiis Tematika. mis gansakuTrebul interess amdeni axali kavka- 

sieli personaJis gamogonebac adasturebs. maTi lingvisturi analizi 

cxadyofs, Tu rogor cdilobs flakusi CrdiloeT da samxreT Savi- 

zRvispireTis nomenklaturis gazrdas. 

2. omis TemasTan dakavSirebuli zogierTi pasaJis interpretaciisaTvis 

poemaSi Cvens yuradRebas ipyrobs omis TemasTan dakavSirebuli ram- 

denime pasaJi, romelTa gaazrebac warmoudgenelia zogadad eposis teq- 

stisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebis gareSe. ras 

gulixmobs epikuri teqsti? epikuri teqstebis komparativistuli kvlevis 

safuZvelze p. grincerma gamoavlina aRmosavlur da dasavlur eposebs 

Soris msgavseba-gansxvaveba. 160 epikuri teqnikisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia gan- 

sakuTrebuli ena, formulebis ena, 161 eposis kompozicia, romelSic Sedis 

garkveuli Temebisa da movlenebis erToblioba: mag., Sekrebebis aRwera 

zecasa da miwaze (TaTbirebi), gmirebis mosvla da wasvla, stumarTa miRe- 

ba, nadimebi, dResaswaulebi, Cacma da aRWurva, sizmrebi, mogzauroba. 

kompoziciaSi didi mniSvneloba eniWeba gmirTa sityvebs, maT qebas da da- 

tirebas, ama Tu im movlenis katalogs; sagmiro eposSi gamoiyofa msgavsi 

motivebi da siuJetebi. v. Jirmunskis 162 azriT, eposSi gamoiyofa Semdegi 

msgavsi motivebi da siuJetebi: gmiris saswaulebrivi dabadeba, misi 

TviTnebobebi, magiuri mouwyvleloba, uCveulo cxeni da iaraRi, daZmobi- 

leba, maWankloba. Zveli eposebis xSiri Temaa gmiris mier qalRmerTis 

160 

П. А. Гринцер, Эпос древнего мира: Типология и взаимосвязи литератур древнего мира, "Наука", Москва 

1971. 

161 

M. Parry, L'epithete traditionelle dans Homere, Paris 1928; M. Parry, Studies in the Epic Technique of Oral 

Verse-making, p. I-II, Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. XLI, 1930. 

162 

В. Жирмунcкий, Народный героический эпос, Москва-Ленинград 1962, 9. 

105

siyvarulis uaryofa, misi SurisZieba, substitutis sikvdili an gmiris 

miwisqveSeTSi mogzauroba. 

sxvadasxva eposebSi calkeuli motivebis siaxlovis mizezebis 

garkvevisas grinceri Seecada, moeca am motivebis miTologiuri axsna. 

rogorc irkveva, yvela asaxavs sayovelTaod gavrcelebul miTosur si- 

uJetebsa da warmodgenebs. savaraudoa, rom epikuri poemebis SinaarsebSi 

Cadebulia garkveuli principebi, romlebic xels uwyobs erTi da imave 

motivebisa da siuJetebis gamoyenebas. 

rodesac mwerali raime fabulas iRebs, igi garkveulwilad 

SezRudulia mxatvruli damuSavebisas, gabeduli cvlilebis Sedegad Se- 

saZloa sakmaod daSordes amosaval fabulas, amdenad, unda dasjerdes 

interpretacias im doziT, rom e. w. modeli fabula amocnobadi iyos; es 

mas xels ar uSlis, rom garkveulwilad TviTrealizebac moaxdinos. 

flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ kolxidis omis epizodSi gvxvdeba ramde- 

nime pasaJi, romelsac, vfiqrobT, garkveuli azrobrivi datvirTva gaaCnia 

da maTi interpretacia da teqstualuri analizi SeuZlebeli iqneba epi- 

kuri teqstisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli saerTo kanonzomierebebis gaTvalis- 

winebis gareSe. 

2. 1. gesanderi da iazigebis adaTi 

flakusi e. w. skviTebis katalogSi moixseniebs iazigebs da maTTan 

akavSirebs saintereso adaTs, romelzec sagangebod amaxvilebs yuradRe- 

bas pirvelad katalogSi (6. 123-128) da mogvianebiT xelmeored kolxidaSi 

ZmaTa Soris omis amsaxvel scenaSi, kerZod, iazigebis sardlis gesande- 

ris aristiis scenaSi (6. 282-314); Cven am adaTze ukve vimsjeleT, rodesac 

esonisa da alkimedes sikvdilis ambavs ganvixilavdiT, aq mokled 

gadmovcemT mis arss: roca adamiani berdeba, marjvena aRar uWris da 

iaraRs veRar imorCilebs, mas Tavisi Zvirfasi memkvidre maxviliT mou- 

swrafebs sicocxles, vidre igi TviTon bunebrivi sikvdiliT aResruleba. 

mama-Svili amiT Tavidan icilebs Seuracxmyofel lodins da orive sasa- 

xelod miiCnevs aseT sikvdils. 




106



ambo animis, ambo miri tam fortibus actis (6. 123-128) 

nawarmoebSi, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, am adaTs ukavSirdeba kolxi quru- 

mis, akvitesis ambavi, romelic Svilis, kirnusis usafrTxoebaze zrunavs, 

cdilobs, igi sikvdilisgan daixsnas (6. 296-300). xanSiSesul qurums 

ulmoblad klavs iazigi gesanderi, romelic aRSfoTebulia Warmagi mo- 

xucis brZolis velze gamoCeniT da fiqrobs, Svils rom igi hyvareboda, 

aseT samarcxvino siberemde ver miaRwevda (6. 302-316). sikvdilis piras mi- 

suli akvitesi RmerTs kvlav Svilis mfarvelobas evedreba. 

Tu wyaroebSi axalgazrda Taobis mier xanSiSesuli moxucebis 

mimarT damokidebulebis Sesaxeb dadasturebul informacias (vguli- 

sxmobT herodotosis da strabonis cnobebs) flakusTan warmodgenil 

versias SevupirispirebT, aSkarad Cans, rom flakusi icnobs am adaTs, 

Tumca mas garkveulwilad transformirebuli saxiT warmogvidgens: axal- 

gazrda Taoba sakuTari xeliT klavs xanSi SesulT, romelTac brZolis 

Zala aRar SeswevT. mTavari inovacia aris flakusiseuli motivacia: igi 

am adaTs ukavSirebs cneba virtus-is gagebas. axla ki ufro dawvrilebiT: 

gesanderis locvaSi, romelsac igi gardacvlili mamis aCrdilisadmi 

aRavlens, Cans, rom es aris adaTi, romelic mas mama-papaTagan mosdgams, 

TviTonac asrulebs da momaval Taobasac gadascems. Sesabamisad, wesis 

ardamorCileba da ugulebelyofa mkrexelobad iTvleba tomis warmoma- 

dgenelTa SexedulebiT. flakusi am emociurad datvirTul scenaSi gvi- 

Cvenebs gansxvavebas or msoflmxedvelobas Soris, magram sayuradReboa, 

rom flakusi warmogidgens ara elini/barbarosi dapirispirebas, aramed 

Sida-kavkasiur tomebs Soris arsebul mentalur gansxvavebas: erTi mxriv, 

adaTis damcvels iazigs, xolo, meore mxriv, kolx qurums Soris, rom- 

lisTvisac miuRebelia es adaTi. garemoebas akvitesis statusic amZimebs, 

SemTxveviTi ar unda iyos, rom igi aris mavedrebeli mama, romelic 

mTeli omis ganmavlobaSi cdilobs, daicvas Svili ubedurebisgan, 

mavedreblis ugulebelyofa ki, rogorc cnobilia, uzenaesi RmerTis mier 

dadgenil kanonebs ewinaaRmdegeba. amdenad, mkiTxvelis TvalSi aRSfoTe- 

bas iwvevs is faqti, rom xanSiSesul mavedrebel mamas ulmoblad klavs 

107

iazigTa sardali. amaRelvebelia is scenac, sadac sikvdilis piras mi- 

suli akvitesi RmerTs kvlav Svilis mfarvelobas evedreba. 

Tu am epizods ufro Rrmad davukvirdebiT, Cveni azriT, aq saqme 

gvaqvs msxverplSewirvis garkveul formasTan da, amdenad, vidre am pa- 

saJis analizze gadavidodeT, mokled SevexoT sakiTxs, Tu ras guli- 

sxmobs zogadad msxverplSewirvis arsi da funqcia. am sakiTxze vrceli 

literatura arsebobs sxvadasxva enaze. saqme gagvimartiva im garemoebam, 

rom qarTul enaze mogvepoveba rusudan canavas fundamenturi naSromi 

`miToritualuri modelebi, simboloebi antikur mwerlobaSi da qarTuli 

literaturul-eTnologiuri paralelebi~, sadac mecnieruli Teoriebis 

Studirebis safuZvelze avtori mraval mniSvnelovan konceptualur mo- 

sazrebas warmogvidgens. mecnieruli Tvalsazrisebis Sejerebis safu- 

Zvelze r. canava midis daskvnamde, rom msxverplSewirvis arsi, funqcia 

da daniSnuleba universaluria. Sesabamisad, msxverplSewirvis miTori- 

tualuri modelebis `muSaoba~ uZvelesi kulturebidan dRemde tipolo- 

giuri msgavsebebis nairfer suraTs warmogvidgens. 163 

berZnul miTebSi adamianis danawevrebis ori modeli gvxvdeba. e. w. 

`samonadireo~ miToritualidan aRmocenebuli (am tipis miTebSi adamianis 

msxverplSewirvas aqvs motivacia) da e. w. `sparagmosi~ – adamianis dagle- 

ja ritualuri gaSmagebisas. es modeli misteriuli kultebisTvisaa dama- 

xasiaTebeli. am dros adamiani cocxlad iglijeba yovelgvari ritu- 

aluri samzadisis gareSe. 164 

antikur literaturul ZeglebSi aRwerilia adamianTa msxverplSe- 

wirvis sxvadasxva forma. am mxriv sxva Tqmulebebis gverdiT udavod ada- 

mianis msxverplSewirvas gansakuTrebuli datvirTva eniWeba argonavtebis 

ciklSi (friqsosis, afsirtosis, peliasis, medeas Svilebis). migvaCnia, 

rom flakusTan marTlac ikveTeba omis konteqsTan dakavSirebuli ramde- 

nime ambavi, romelic swored am aspeqtis gaTvaliswinebiT SeiZleba 

aixsnas. flakusi rom religiur sakiTxebSi ganswavluli iyo, amas 

cxadyofs misi Tanamdebobac: igi Sedioda qurumTa kolegiaSi Quindecimvir 

163 r. canava, miToritualuri modelebi, simboloebi antikur mwerlobaSi da qarTuli 

literaturul-eTnologiuri paralelebi, Tbilisi, logosi, 2005, 60. 

164 Op. cit., 149. 

108

Sacris Faciundis. kolegiis sxva danarCen wevrebTan erTad mas evaleboda 

sibilanuri wignebis dacva da ganmarteba. aseve am wignebSi aRnusxuli 

sxvadasxva sakulto ritualebis Catareba. 

vfiqrobT, rom akvitesis da gesanderis ambis gasaanalizeblad da- 

gvexmareba e. w. samonadireo miToritualidan aRmocenebuli danawevrebis 

modelis gaTvaliswineba. es ambavi omis amsaxvel scenaSi ise ostaturad 

aris integrirebuli, rom daukvirvebel mkiTxvels, SesaZloa, mxedvelobi- 

danac ki gamorCes misi azrobrivi datvirTva. axla uSualod ritualur 

aspeqtze SevCerdeT. am pasaJSi aSkarad ikveTeba yvela is komponenti, 

romelic aseTi tipis msxverplSewirvisTvis aris aucilebeli. 

a) msxverplSewirvis Semsrulebeli: iazigi sardali gesanderi. 

b) msxverplis arCeva: kolxi qurumi akvitesi. gesanderi ganzrax ir- 

Cevs moxuc msxverpls, visi Sewirvac, misi warmodgeniT, ufro `gamarT- 

lebuli~ iqneba, vidre axalgazrdasi. sagulisxmoa, rom mavedrebeli 

akvitesi xeluxlebeli daabijebs mowinaaRmdegeTa rigebSi, TiTqos mas 

veravin amCnevdes. misi sazrunavic mxolod Svilis mfarvelobaa; mas _ 

msxverpls mxolod gesanderi _Semsrulebeli amCnevs. 

g) msxverplSewirvisaTvis mzadeba: vidre msxverplSewirvas aRasru- 

lebdes, gesanderi mimarTavs mamaTa aCrdilebs patrias ... umbras (6.287), 

kerZod, evedreba gardacvlili mamis, voraptusis suls, sadac kidev 

erTxel mkafiod aris aRniSnuli, rom es adaTi maT mama-papisgan mos- 

dgamT da rom TviTonac icavs da rom SviliSvilebic pataraobidanve 

amasve swavloben (6. 288-291). locvas mosdevs avtoriseuli replika, rom 

erebosma es locva gaigo haec ait, auditusque Erebo (6. 292). 

d) msxverplSewirvis iaraRi: poemaSi es iaraRi moixsenieba, rogorc 

ensis _ ormxrivad alesili xmali (corripit ensem, 6. 292; adacto / ense, 6. 308). 

Tu ra bedi eweoda iazigebis adaTis Sesabamisad likvidirebul 

moxucebs, ucnobia. flakusi amaze arafers ambobs. Tvali gadavavloT 

wyaroebSi dadasturebul informacias: masagetebi (herodotosis cnoba) e. 

w. kanibalur nadims awyobdnen da Wamdnen winaprebs. kaspielebis (strabo- 

nis cnoba) adaTis Tanaxmad, xanSiSesuli micvalebulebi frinvelis an 

ZaRlebis ulufa xdeboda, xolo Tu aravin daakarebda pirs, es cud 

niSnad miaCndaT. ciceroni `tuskulanuri saubrebis~ I wignSi sxvadasxva 

109

xalxebis dakrZalvis wesebis mimoxilvisas wers: magebi (iraneli quru- 

mebi) miwaSi damarxvamde cxedrebs cxovelebs aglejinebdnen. hirkaniaSi 

ubralo xalxi Temis ZaRlebs kvebavda, maRali wris warmomadgenlebi – 

Sinaur ZaRlebs. am ZaRlebis jiSi CvenTvis kargadaa cnobili; maT gan- 

sakuTrebuli mizniT zrdidnen; hirkanelebi Tvlidnen, rom am ZaRlebis 

mier dagleja maTTvis saukeTeso samarxi iyo (Cic. Tusc. disp. I, XLV). 

diodorosis cnobiT, sparselebi micvalebulTa gvamebs ZaRlebs uyridnen 

dasaglejad (Diod. III, 62). 

rogor interpretacias aZlevs TviT flakusi am adaTs? akvitesi ge- 

sanders Sewyalebas sTxovs: genitor tibi si manet, oro / canitiem, comesce minas et si 

tibi natus / parce meo, 305ff. gesanderi mas ar Seiwynarebs, ramdenadac es mis 

adaTs ewinaaRmdegeba, Sesabamisad, misi Tvalsazrisi aseTia: `Genitor…ipse 

hac occumbere dextra/maluit…/et tibi si pietas nati, si dextra fuisset,/ haut medii precibus tereres 

nunc tempora belli” (308-314). gesanderisTvis es saqcieli aris pietas, da mas 

rom akvitesi Seewynarebina, mis vaJkacobas Crdili miadgeboda, SesaZloa, 

Temidan moekveTaT kidec. amis safuZvelze germaneli mecnieri liuTe 

miiCnevs, rom misi saqcieli SeiZleba SevafasoT rogorc virtus siqvele, 

ramdenadac is asrulebs wess, romelic mama-papaTagan mosdgams. 165 Cven ar 

veTanxmebiT am mosazrebas, ris safuZvelsac gvaZlevs TviT gesanderis 

aRsasrulis forma: akvitesisadmi mimarTul sityvaSi gesanderi SeniSnavs, 

rom ymawvils nebismieri xvedri Sehferis: SiSveli xeliT brZolac da 

daumarxavad darCenac ki (iuvenis sors pulchrior omnis: / et certasse manu decet et 

caruisse sepulchro 6. 313-4), Tumca TviTon sicocxlis bolo wuTebSi qalebTan 

SebrZoleba uwevs da amaZonTa dedofali evriale klavs (6. 379ff.). man 

sakuTar Tavs yvelaze samarcxvino ganaCeni gamoutana, rasac flakusi 

lakonurad ori sityviT gadmogvcems gesanderis piriT: `heu pudor~ (6. 374). 

imisaTvis rom sruli iyos Cven mier warmodgenili analizi, 

mizanSewonilad migvaCnia, yuradReba gavamaxviloT iasonis mSoblebis 

esonisa da alkimedes aRsasrulis ambavze, sadac aseve xorcieldeba 

msxverplSewirva, ufro swored TviTSewirva (1. 693-850), rac aseve para- 

lels gviCvenebs CvenTvis saintereso gesanderis ambavTan. flakuss am Se- 

165 E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971. 

110

mTxvevaSic isev da isev romaelisaTvis mniSvnelovani cnebebi pietas da 

virtus-is gageba Semoaqvs. erTi-orad aris saintereso es pasaJi, ramdenadac 

apoloniosTan amis Sesaxeb araferia naTqvami. gansxvavebuli formiT 

dasturdeba es faqti miTografosebTan. 166 

iasoni laSqrobaSi Tan waiyvans peliasis Svils akastuss, rac 

peliasis risxvas gamoiwvevs. movlenebi iolkosSi ramdenime etapad xor- 

cieldeba: peliasi gadawyvets iasonis mSoblebze iZios Suri; alkimede 

da esoni xars swiraven msxverplad; peliasis xalxi moiCqaris, alkimede 

da esoni sicocxles TviTmkvlelobiT 167 asruleben, peliasi klavs iaso- 

nis umcros Zmas. 

iasonis pagases navsadguridan gamgzavrebis Semdeg, alkimede da 

esoni msxverpls swiraven RmerTebs. esons gamoecxadeba mamis, kreTevsis 

aCrdili, romelic Seatyobinebs peliasis mzakvrul zraxvebs. amitom moi- 

Txovs misgan, ramdenadac esoni misi vaJia, mamacurad gamoesalmos 

sicocxles (1. 750). esons surs gadawyvitos, Tu rogori sikvdili airCios 

(1.769-773), raTa, Tavis mxriv umcrosi vaJisaTvis iyos samagaliTo da aseve 

ar Searcxvinos Tavisi winapari eolosi, romelic, kreTevsis TqmiT, mas 

ukve aCrdilTa samefoSi elodeba (1. 751). esoni gadawyvets, rom gmirulad 

aResrulos, vidre mas peliasi mouRebdes bolos. am gadawyvetilebasTan 

kontrasts gviCvenebs esonis survili, rom peliasi aResrulos uCveulo, 

uRirsi da saSineli sikvdiliT. `de, daeces igi ara brZolis velze, an 

TviTmkvlelobiT, aramed Tavisianebma daglijon, daanawevron da daumar- 

xavad datovon~ 

exitia indecoresque obitus! non Marte nec armis 

aut nati precor ille mei dignatus ut umquam 

ense cadat; quae fida manus, quae cara suorum 

diripiat laceretque senem nec membra sepulchro 

contegat. haec noster de rege piacula sanguis 

sumat et heu cunctae quas misit in aequora gentes!' (1.810-815) 

166 Sdr. Diod. Sicul. 4, 50, 1-2; Ps.-Apoll. bibl. 1, 9, 27, 1-2, cece likofronTan 175. 

167 adamianTa msxverplSewirvis sxvadasxva forma arsebobda. maT Soris, TviTSewirvac 

(Ю. А. Шилов, Человеческие жертвоприношения в мифоритуалах Северного Причерноморья IV - I тыс. до 

н. э. // Жертвоприношение, Москва, 2000, 72-73). 

111

amdenad, peliasis indecores oblitus (1. 810) kontrasts gviCvenebs esonis 

didebul xvedrTan magni obitus (1. 769). flakusis mier SeTxzuli ambavi 

esonisa da alkimedes TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb imiTac aris mniSvnelo- 

vani, rom swored aq, erTi SexedviT moulodnel adgilas, aris aRwerili 

aCrdilTa samefo (1. 827-831); yuradRebas ipyrobs miRmier samyaroSi Sesas- 

vleli ori kari: erTi maTgani yvela xalxisaTvis da mefeTaTvis mudam 

Riaa, meore ki mxolod iSviaTad iReba da mxolod gansakuTrebuli piro- 

vnebaTaTvis, romelTac sicocxleSi gamoiCines Tavi siqveliT, zneobrivi 

RirebulebebiT an kultmsaxurebiT (1.832-839). am karis miRma mdebareobs 

netarTa kunZulebi, saiTac kreTevsi SeuZRveba esonsa da alkimedes (1.842- 

847). kreTevsi maT uCvenebs agreTve kars, romlis miRmac peliass samu- 

damo tanjva elodeba (1.849-850). kidev erT detalze SevaCerebT yurad- 

Rebas: iasons iolkosidan gamgzavrebisTanave Seipyrobs SiSi mSoblebis 

xvedris gamo, rac mas mosvenebas ukargavs. mSoblebi ki Tavis mxriv 

iasonis xvedris gamo SiSoben, ra bedi eweva mas Soreul naosnobaSi. 

swored es Rirebulebebi: erTmaneTze zrunva da siyvaruli, gambedaoba da 

Rirseuli aRsasrulisTvis mzadyofna, pietas da virtus gamoarCevs alkimedesa 

da esons sxva mokvdavTa Soris da swored amitom maTTvis iReba saiqios 

is kari, romelic, Cveulebrivi mokvdavTaTvis daxurulia (1.835-838). 

2.2. ariasmenusis danawevreba 

Cveni yuradReba aseve miipyro erT-erTi skviTi meomris, ariasme- 

nusis aRsasrulis formam. vfiqrobT, rom igi garkveul mimarTebas 

gviCvenebs e. w. `sparagmosis~ modelTan 168 . aSkaraa, SemTxveviTi ar unda 

iyos is faqti, rom ariasmenusis ambavi mosdevs gesanderisa da akvitesis 

istorias, Tumca, maT Soris kidev erTi – argonavt kanTusis danawevrebis 

– ambavia CarTuli, rac interpretaciisaTvis uciloblad mniSvnelovania. 

ariasmenusi skviTi mebrZolia, romelic dasaxelebulia e. w. skviTe- 

bis katalogSi da aseve eqsponirebulia aietsa da persess Soris gamar- 

Tuli omis amsaxvel epizodSi. flakusi mas gansakuTrebiT gamoyofs, 

razec metyvelebs misadmi pirdapiri apelireba: `msurs Seni saqmeni 

168 am modelis TvalsaCino nimuSia dionise-Zagrevsi, penTevsi, aqteoni. 

112

momaval Taobebs gadavce~ (6. 102-3). ariasmenusi omis mamoZravebeli Zalaa, 

saomar etlze amxedrebuli brZolis velze dahqris, erTaderTi survili 

amoZravebs, gaJlitos berZnebi da kolxebi (6. 386-389). tragikulia arias- 

menusis aRsasruli, mas mteri verafers daaklebda, brZolaSi aTena pala- 

si rom ar Careuliyo. gmiri sabrZolo etlidan xteba da sakuTarive 

etlis basri namglebiT danawevrebuli kvdeba (6. 423-426). 

vidre moyvanili adgilis interpretaciaze gadavidodeT, yurad- 

Rebas gavamaxvilebT argonavt kanTusis ambavze, romelic ariasmenusis 

danawevrebas uswrebs win. flakuss akvitesis sikvdilis Semdeg Segne- 

bulad Semohyavs moqmedebaSi argonavti kanTusi, romelsac, iseve rogorc 

ariasmenuss, uSualod mimarTavs: te quoque, Canthe, tui non inscia funeris Argo / 

flevit ab invita rapientem tela carina (6.317-321). 169 kanTusis ambavi asea gadmocemuli 

(6. 316-371): 170 gesanderi mkerdSi maxvilis dartymiT gangmiravs kanTuss. 

masTan myis gaCndebian sxva argonavtebi: idasi, meleagrusi, menoetiusi da 

poluqsi, telamoni cxedars fars gadaafarebs da cdilobs mis dacvas, 

mowinaaRmdege ki mis miTvisebas. dawvrilebiT aris aRwerili, Tu rogor 

glejen kanTuss: Sua nawilSi xels Caavlebs telamoni, kiserSi swvdeba 

gesanderi. telamoni mis ukan gamotacebas lamobs. STabeWdilebas flaku- 

sis xatovani Sedarebac aZlierebs: `vinmem rom sakulto msaxurebs xaris 

tyavis dasarbileblad misces cximi, monacvleobiT Wimaven tyavs da ase 

arbileben mas, cximi ki miwaze mowveTavs, ase cdilobda orive mxare 

cxedris miTvisebas; ase glejdnen sabralos [kanTuss] nawilebad (6. 358- 

363). 171 

ra motivacia aqvs kanTusis sikvdils? rogorc moxuci qurumis 

SemTxvevaSi, argonavtTan mimarTebaSic gesanderi winaswar gaazrebulad 

169 miniSneba kanTusis xvedrze pirvel wignSic gvxvdeba (1. 451). 

170 es argonavti imiTac imsaxurebs yuradRebas, rom CarTulia gesanderis aristiaSi da 

flakusi swored am moments irCevs mniSvnelovani informaciis gadmosacemad. kerZod, aq 

gesanderi kanTuss aRuwers arqtoss [CrdiloeT kavkasias], gausaZlis pirobebs, autanel 

sicives, mudmiv zamTars da araxelsayrel klimats, aRwers aseve momTabare tomebis 

cxovrebis wess. 

171 aRsaniSnavia, rom kanTusi laSqrobaSi monawile yvelaze mniSvnelovan gmirebs Soris 

moixsenieba; rodesac iasoni akastusis dayoliebas cdilobs, CamoTvlis gmirebs da 

dasZens, rom arc telamoni, arc kanTusi, arc TviT tindaridi ar miaCnia oqros sawmisis 

ufro metad Rirsad, vidre akastusi (1.166-167). sayuradReboa aseve is faqti, rom am argonavtis 

sikvdilis epizods, sul sxva konteqstSi, apolonios rodoselTanac vxvdebiT; 

kanToss libiaSi klavs mwyemsi, romelic misgan sakuTar faras icavs (IV 1485-1501). 

113

moqmedebs (illum, ubi congress subiit Gesander iniquo territat his, 322f.). mkvlevarTa 

azriT, Sewiruli adamianis danawevrebis rituali ukavSirdeba 

miwaTmoqmedebas da gankuTvnilia nayofierebis matebis uzrunvelsayofad. 

mokluli da danawevrebuli adamianis sxeulis nawilebs marxavdnen 

mindorSi, raTa uzrunveleyoT miwis nayofiereba da weliwadis droebis 

ritmuli monacvleoba. am adaTis axsnad miaCniaT ugarituli ritualuri 

teqsti, romlis mixedviT, omis qalRmerTi anati klavs da anawevrebs 

mots, misi sxeulis nawilebs ki mindorSi marxavs. 172 meore mxriv, ada- 

mianis aso-asod akuwva aris winapiroba konkretul saqmeSi warmatebisaT- 

vis. vfiqrobT, swored am SemTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme kanTusTan 

dakavSirebiT. misi danawevreba ganapirobebs imas, rom am aqtis Semdeg 

argonavtebi mniSvnelovan warmatebebs aRweven brZolaSi. Tu manamde 

brZola cvalebadi warmatebiT mimdinareobda, amis Semdeg upiratesoba 

aSkarad argonavtebs aqvT. kanTusi aris iasonis substituti. misi si- 

kvdili enacvleba iasonisas, mTavari gmiris sikvdili an hadesSi Casvla 

ki, rogorc cnobilia, eposis xSiri Temaa. 

axla davubrundeT isev ariasmenusis ambavs da mivyveT Tanamimdev- 

rulad, Tu rogor xdeba ariasmenusis danawevreba. gmiri grZnobs, rom 

dro da garemoeba moiTxovs mis asparezze gamosvlas (ecce locum tempusque, 

386). ariasmenusi gondakarguliviT, yovelgvari gegmis gareSe moqmedebs 

(nullo rapiens discrimine currus, 395), am STabeWdilebas isic aZlierebs, rom mas 

flakusi warRvnas adarebs (390-394). moqmedebaSi erTveba aTena, romelmac 

unda ganaxorcielos msxverplSewirva, igi aRmarTavs Tavis fars, maRla 

wamoSlili gvelebi daafrTxoben cxenebs. damfrTxali cxenebi meetleebs 

Camoagdeben da absoluturad umarTavi namglebiani etlebi (falcatos ... axes, 

387, Sdr. ensibus uncis, 400) sasaklaos qmnian mebrZolTa rigebSi. Sedegi 

sazarelia: erTi mxriv, cxenebis (biiugus, 413) da, meore mxriv, meetleTa 

(eriles, 413) nawilebi, (artus, 413) akuwuli (secant, 414) Tvlis manebiT (radii 414) 

da aRviriT (frena, 414). etli moklulTa sisxliT aris gaJRenTili (currus 

caede madens, 415), masze meetleTa Signeuloba moCans (regum / viscera, 415-6). am 

sazarel sanaxaobas mosdevs mamaci ariasmenusis qmedeba: uiaraRod 

172 Op. cit. 63. 

114

darCenili gmiri xteba etlidan (ipse recollectis audax Ariasmenus armis / desilit, 

423-4), rasac mosdevs misi aRsasruli: moxrili maxvilebi (acies curvae, 424) 

da borblebis namglebi (falcis... rotis, 425-6) yoveli mxridan akuwavs (secat, 

424) da daanawevrebs (partitur, 425) skviT meomars. 

iseve, rogorc gesanderis SemTxvevaSi, aqac TiTqmis yvela ZiriTadi 

kompenenti dasturdeba, rac sparagmosis gansaxorcieleblad aris 

saWiro: a) gamorCeuli msxverplis arCeva: ariasmenusi; b) sparagmosis 

Camtarebeli: qalRmerTi aTena; g) iaraRi: ormagad alesili xmali. 

am SemTxvevaSi, Cveni azriT, saqme gvaqvs jgufur sparagmosTan, 

sadac aqcentirebulia erT-erTi gamorCeuli sardlis, ariasmenusis dana- 

wevreba. flakusi, rogorc Cans, zedmiwevniT icnobs am rituals da swo- 

red skviTebTan akavSirebs mas. rogorc cnobilia, adamianTa msxverpl- 

Sewirva, danawevreba da nawilebis mindorSi damarxva dasturdeba 

skviTebis yofaSic, cirkumSavizRvispireTis tomebSi, Crdilo kavkasiaSi, 

balkaneTze, dasavleT evropasa da axlo aRmosavleTSic. 173 

2.3. stirusis sikvdili 

stirusis ambavi Zalauflebis mopovebis miTorituals mogvagonebs. 

albaneli ufliswuli stirusi medeas erT-erTi xelismTxovnelia. 

stirusis garda medeas xelis mosapoveblad ramdenime gmiri ibrZvis: 

henioxebisa da alanebis sardali anavsisi, skviTi koastesi, parTeli 

elCi mirakesi, berZeni iasoni. aietma winaswarmetyvelebis Tanaxmad icis, 

rom mas (mis Zalauflebas) safrTxe moelis ucxoelisgan, amitomac 

axlos ar ikarebs maT da gadawyvets, medea araucxoels miaTxovos. igi 

arCevans albanel ufliswulze aCerebs da argonavtebis kolxidaSi 

Casvlis momentisaTvis stirusi, rogorc medeas kanonieri saqmro, ukve 

samefo ojaxis wevrTa Soris aris dasaxelebuli absirtusisa da 

friqsusis vaJebis gverdiT (5. 459-460, Sdr. 3. 496-497). anavsiss omis 

dawyebamdec akavSirebs urTierToba kolxidasTan. aietze ganawyenebulia, 

radgan mefem medeas xelismTxovnelTa Soris upiratesoba stiruss 

mianiWa, miuxedavad imisa, rom manamde anavsiss aimedebda. iasonis garda 

173 Ю. А. Шилов, op. cit., 2000. 

115

medeas da, amdenad, aietis samefos xelSi Cagdebis yvela msurveli 

iRupeba persessa da aiets Soris amtydar omSi. gansakuTrebulad aris 

aqcentirebuli stirusis sikvdili. niSandoblivia, rom igi kolxididan 

moSorebiT kvdeba, kerZod k. pevkeze, sadac imyofebian kolxididan gamo- 

qceuli argonavtebi. am adgils gamorCeuli daniSnuleba aqvs: aq imarTeba 

iasonisa da medeas qorwili. aqve aris samsxverplo aRmarTuli 

(sacrificas...aras, 243), aseve imyofebian kultmsaxurnic (ministri, 242). sazeimo 

ceremonias Seaferxebs momxvdur kolxTa laSqari absirtusis meTaur- 

obiT. am laSqarSi imyofeba stirusic, romelic siyvaruliT aris anTe- 

buli (flammatus amore, 8. 300). moqmedebaSi erTveba qalRmerTi iuno, misi 

meoxebiT saqme ar midis xelCarTul brZolamde, radganac winaaRmdeg Sem- 

TxvevaSi mravalricxovani kolxebi dasjabnidnen argonavtebs. iuno 

gamoiwvevs saSinel grigals. niSandoblivia, rom pirveli stirusi Se- 

amCnevs aboboqrebul zvirTebs (longa...unda, 8. 299). miuxedavad imisa, rom 

mravali Seiwira da STanTqa zRvis talRebma, stirusi ar apirebs ukan 

daxevas, imdenad didia misi mrisxaneba (335). gemidan gadmovardnili 174 

lamobs Tavis gadarCenas, Tumca arc aravis esmis misi da arc aravis 

surs misi daxmareba (nulla potest, aut ulla velit, 364). igi sasikvdilodaa ganwi- 

ruli. CamovayaliboT is mTavari orientirebi, rac am miToritualisaTvis 

aris ganmsazRvreli: a) msxverpli aris mefis asuli xelis mTxovneli: 

stirusi; b) msxverplSewirvas atarebs RvTaeba: iuno; g) msxverpli iRu- 

peba gamorCeul adgilas araordinaluri formiT: stirusi kvdeba k. pev- 

keze, xomaldidan gadmovardnili. 

akvitesis, ariasmenusis, kanTusis, stirusis ambebi ise organulad 

aris CarTuli eposis siuJetur qargaSi, rom, erTi SexedviT, SeiZleba 

mxedvelobidan gamogvrCes kidec maTi mniSvneloba. oTxive ganxiluli 

SemTxvevis gaanalizeba SeuZlebelia msxverplSewirvis miToritualis 

gaTvaliswinebis gareSe. flakusi SemTxveviT ar arCevs msxverplad 

Sesawir adamianebs, isini sxva danarCen adamianTa Soris gamoirCevian; 

(sagulisxmoa, rom romaeli epikosi maT eTnikurobis TvalsazrisiTac 

gamoarCevs: akvitesi kolxia, ariasmenusi – skviTi, kanTusi – berZeni, 

174 Sdr. gadmocemebi simaRlidan Camovardnil adamianze (elpenori, butesi, mizenusi, 

palinurusi) (canava, 2005, 230-241). 

116

stirusi – albaneli). gamorCeuli msxverpli anu dasjili uSualod 

gadadioda RvTaebis gankargulebaSi. oTxive SemTxvevaSi msxverpls 

iwiravs RvTaeba (belona, aTena, iuno). rac Seexeba daumarxavad dato- 

vebas, es sasjeli ki ar iyo, aramed dakrZalvis ZvelisZveli forma, 

romlis Tanaxmadac, maradiuli substancia – Zvlebi xelmeored aRdgomis 

unars SeiZenda. daumarxavad datoveba msoflios sxvadasxva xalxSi 

yofila gavrcelebuli, gamonakliss arc kavkasia warmoadgens. es 

rituali miToritualuri warmodgenebis ganviTarebis gviandel etapze 

dasjis formad iqca da Semdgom desakralizacia ganicada. ramdenadac 

dakarguli aqvs warmoSobis fesvebi da odindeli mniSvneloba, sakralu- 

robisagan daclili rituali vandalobad aRiqmeba. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 

flakusTan es miToritualebi desakralizacias ganicdian da profanuli 

xasiaTi aqvT, Tumca, isic cxadia, rom miToritualuri aspeqtis gaTva- 

liswinebis gareSe SeuZlebeli iqneba ritualebSi ganswavluli romaeli 

epikosis mier Seqmnili am pasaJebis gaazreba. 

3. kolxebis warmomavloba cunabula gentis Colchidos 

romaul wyaroebSi warmodgenilia saxelganTqmuli kolxuri to- 

mebi: xalibebi, tibarenebi, makronebi, biZerebi, mosinikebi, filirebi, TviT 

kolxebi. flakusi SavizRvispireTis Sesaxeb geografiul cnobebs zustad 

icavs da avtoris Tanaxmad, xalibebi, tibarenebi, mosinikebi, biZerebi da 

filirebi kolxuri tomebia. poeti lakonurad axasiaTebs dasaxelebuli 

tomebis zne-Cveulebebs, ramdenadac apoloniosTan isini sakmaod detalu- 

rad arian daxasiaTebulni (5.140-153), samagierod, mniSvnelovnad avsebs 

cnobebs kolxTa Sesaxeb. flakusi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobs 

maT: sakmaod originalurad warmogvidgens solis taZars, romelsac 

kolxidaSi mniSvnelovani funqcia akisria; 175 aq sruldeba mniSvnelovani 

molaparakebebi. 176 mefe usmens warCinebul mamebs, xalxis Txovnebs (5. 405- 

6). niSandoblivia, rom swored am taZris suraTebis aRweris meSveobiT (5. 

175 Sdr. G. Manuwald, 1998, 307-317. 

176 Sdr. vergiliusTan iunos taZari (Aen. I 440-493). 

117

426ff.) SevityobT kolxidis istorias, kolxur ordo rerum-s. 177 vfiqrobT, 

flakusi gaazrebulad gadmoscems aseTi saxiT kolxebis istorias, 

ramdenadac soli aietis mamaa da aiets TanaugrZnobs, Sesabamisad, 

logikuria aietisa da iasonis Sexvedra oqros sawmisis molaparakebis 

Taobaze gaimarTos ara aietis sasaxleSi (rogorc es apolonios rodo- 

selTanaa warmodgenili), aramed solis taZarSi, romlis frontonzec 

TviT solia gamosaxuli. 178 

pirveli suraTi, romelsac iasoni ramdenime TanamgzavrTan erTad 

solis taZarTan misvlisas dainaxavs (5. 426-414), ganTavsebulia taZris 

frontonze. soli oqrosfer cxenebTan erTad atlasze gadmodis da dRe 

mohyavs. mas mosdeven mTvare momcro etliT, pleadebi da hiadebi. 

non aliter quam si radiantis adirent 

ora dei verasque aeterni luminis arces, 

tale iubar per tecta micat. stat ferreus Atlans 

Oceano genibusque tumens infringitur unda. 

at medii per terga senis rapit ipse nitentes 

altus equos curvoque diem subtexit Olympo. 

pone rota breviore soror densaeque sequuntur 

Pliades et madidis rorantes crinibus ignes (5.407-414) 

taZris ormag karebze gamosaxulia cunabula gentis Colchidos ...ortusque (5. 416- 

417). aRwerilia scenebi, romlebic kolxebis warmomavlobas da warsuls 

gadmoscemen. movlenebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia argos kolxidaSi Ca- 

mosvlasTan (5. 417-432) da ambebs, romlebic mogvianebiT korinTosSi 

ganviTardeba (5. 433-454). 

pirveli scena karis pirvel darabaze kolxebis warmomavlobas 

gadmoscems (5. 417-423). flakusi am SemTxvevaSi aSkarad herodotoss eyr- 

dnoba da iziarebs Tvalsazriss kolxebis egvipturi warmomavlobis Se- 

saxeb. naCvenebia, Tu rogor midis egviptis mefe sesostrisi getebis 

177 homerosidan moyolebuli xelovnebis nimuSebis aRwera eposSi cnobili movlenaa: 

aqilevsis fari (Il. 18. 478-608); alkinoosis sasaxle (Od. 7. 84-133), vergiliusTan – iunos 

taZari didos qveyanaSi (Aen. 1. 446-495); dedalosis mier agebuli taZrebi (6. 14-34); 

lavrenteli pikusis saxli (7. 170-191); eneasis fari (8. 626-731). 

178 unda aRiniSnos, rom teqstSi konkretulad ar aris miTiTebuli, Tu sad iyo esa Tu 

is scena ganTavsebuli, Cven veyrdnobiT g. manuvaldis (G. Manuwald, 1998, 307-317) mier SemoTavazebul 

lokalizebas. 

118

winaaRmdeg salaSqrod, 179 damarcxebis Semdeg jaris nawili kvlav 

egvipteSi mihyavs, nawils ki aiZulebs, kolxidaSi dasaxldes; movlenis 

aRwerisas xazgasmulia SiSi da Zaladoba. nawili kvlav Tavis samSob- 

loSi, arsinoeSi brundeba da keTildReobasa da uzrunvelobaSi atarebs 

cxovrebas Tbil farosze, kolxidaSi dasaxlebuli nawili ki amis ma- 

givrad TavianT Cacmulobas cvlis sarmatul Sarvlebze, rac ucxo- 

elobis, aracivilizirebulobis da barbarosobis maCveneblad unda mi- 

viCnioT (5. 421-423). 

am Strixis intensifikacia momdevno scenaSic xdeba, sadac personi- 

ficirebuli mdinare fasisi moixsenieba epiTetiT barbarus (5. 424; Sdr. 1. 

517-518). 

Colchidos hic ortusque tuens, ut prima Sesostris 

intulerit rex bella Getis, ut clade suorum 

territus hos Thebas patriumque reducat ad amnem, 

Phasidis hos imponat agris Colchosque vocari 

imperet. Arsinoen illi tepidaeque requirunt 

otia laeta Phari pinguemque sine imbribus annum 

et iam Sarmaticis permutant carbasa bracis (5.417-423) 

amave karis darabaze kolxebis warmomavlobis scenas mosdevs ori 

scena (5. 424-432), romelic uSualod ar ukavSirdeba kolxebis warmomav- 

lobas da drouli fiqsaciac ar aris mocemuli, Tumca, kolxebis miTiur 

warsuls miekuTvneba. 

pirveli scena (5. 424-428) gviCvenebs, Tu rogor sdevnis mdinaris 

RmerTi fasisi kavkasiel nimfa aias, romelic iltvis mSobliur mTebSi, 

Tumca, bolos SeSinebuli qalwuli kaparWs agdebs da mas RmerTi imorCi- 

lebs mZlavri talRebiT. 

barbarus in patriis sectatur montibus Aean 

Phasis amore furens. pavidas iacit illa pharetras 425 

179 sesostrisis laSqrobebisa da egviptelebisa da kolxebis msgavsebaze Sdr. aseve (Ap. 

Rhod. 4. 272-278), romelic argosis sityvaSi gadmogvcems cnobas aiaSi mosaxle kolxebis 

egviptelebisagan warmoSobis Sesaxeb. es tradicia herodotosisgan iRebs dasabams (II 

102-110): sesostrisma ilaSqra aziaSi, daipyro tavrebi, skviTebi; mdinare fasisTan datova 

laSqris nawili, romlisganac warmoiSvnen kolxebi. berZeni istorikosi aq emyareba 

gadmocemas egviptelebsa da kolxebs Soris arsebul garegnul msgavsebebis Sesaxeb 

(Savgvremanebi da xuWuWTmianebi arian, wesad aqvT winadacveTa, msgavsi wesiT amuSaveben 

sels, erTi aqvT cxovrebis niri da ena, Her. II, 2,103-4). 

119

virgineo turbata metu, discursibus et iam 427 

deficit ac volucri victam deus alligat unda. 

meore scena (5. 429-432) gadmoscems ganadgurebul faeTons, romel- 

sac debi dastirian, teTisi cdilobs, Seagrovos etlis natexebi da cxe- 

nis lagam-aRviri, im cxenis, romelsac solis tkivilis eSinia. 

flebant populeae iuvenem Phaethonta sorores 

ater et Eridani trepidum globus ibat in amnem. 

at iuga vix Tethys sparsumque recolligit axem 

et formidantem patrios Pyroenta dolores (5.429-432) 

am gamosaxulebebSic gadmocemulia Zaladoba, ubedureba da tkivi- 

li, ise rom, karis pirveli darabis suraTebi damTrgunvel STabeWdi- 

lebas axdenen mnaxvelze. es scenebi imavdroulad paralels gviCveneben, 

erTi mxriv, medeasa da iasonis da, meore mxriv, absirtusis momaval xved- 

rTan. 180 medeac amaod cdilobs iasonis siyvarulisgan Tavdacvas (7.1-20, 

127-152, 292-322), magram sabolood RmerTebis CareviT Tmobs da iasoni 

sawadels aRwevs (6.439-479, 590-591, 7.153-186, 323-324). faeTonis ambavi absir- 

tusis momaval xvedrze migvaniSnebs da faeTonis sikvdilic, garkve- 

ulwilad, absirtusis aRsasrulis momaswavebelia, Tumca, imis gamo, rom 

flakusis àrgonavtikis~ merve wigni Cvenamde sruli saxiT ar aris 

moRweuli, amaze mxolod varaudis gamoTqma SegviZlia. 

karis meore darabaze gamosaxulia movlenebi, romlebic momavalSi 

unda ganviTardes (5. 433-454). miuxedavad imisa, rom konkretulad arc ad- 

gili da arc personaJia dasaxelebuli da mxolod miniSnebebia erTma- 

neTis miyolebiT mocemuli, gaTviTcnobierebuli mkiTxvelisaTvis yvela- 

fris identifikaciaa SesaZlo. 

pirvel suraTze (5. 435-439) gamosaxulia argos agebis scena da 

argonavtebis mogzaurobis dasawyisi. ramdenadac argo aRwerilia ro- 

gorc erTaderTi gemi mTels usazRvro zRvaze (5. 438), es garemoeba mi- 

marTebas gviCvenebs prooimionSi aqcentirebul TemasTan (1. 1-4) – Soreul 

qveynebSi sazRvao gzis gaxsnasTan. aq miniSnebulia mogzaurobis isto- 

180 sainteresoa, rom apolonios rodoselic afsirtoss erTgan faeTonad moixseniebs kai; 

min Kovlcwn ui|e" ejpwnumivhn Faevqonta ƒ e[kleon `kolxTa Svilebi metsaxelad faeTons eZaxdnen~ 

(Arg. III 245-6). 

120

iuli roli, rac safuZvels udebs aziis Zalauflebis dasustebas da 

omebis meSveobiT berZnebis gaZlierebas. 

aurea quin etiam praesaga Mulciber arte 

vellera venturosque olim caelarat Achivos. 

texitur Argea pinus Pagasaea securi 

iamque eadem remos, eadem dea flectit habenas, 

ipsa subit nudaque vocat dux agmina dextra. 

exoritur Notus et toto ratis una profundo 

cernitur, Odrysio gaudebant carmine phocae (5.433-439) 

meore suraTi (5. 440-441) miemarTeba movlenebis dasasruls kolxi- 

daSi, sadac gamosaxulni arian SeSinebuli kolxebi da medea, romelic 

miatovebs mamas. 

apparent trepidi per Phasidis ostia Colchi 

clamantemque procul linquens regina parentem (5.440-441) 

karis meore darabaze aseve gadmocemulia scenebis bolo wyeba (5. 

442-451. 452-454), romelic winamavlisagan aSkarad gamoyofilia leqsikuri 

formativiT (contra 5. 442) da warmoadgens korinTosis movlenebs: naCvene- 

bia saqorwino CiraRdnebi, SurisZiebis qalRmerTebi, mitovebuli, sevdiani 

yofili coli, mzadeba samosis da gvirgvinis mosawamlad da maTi ze- 

moqmedeba axal colze (5. 442-451), da bolos, sisxliT gaJRenTili qali, 

romelic frTosani drakoniT Sebmuli etliT mifrinavs haerSi (5. 452-454). 

urbs erat hinc contra gemino circumflua ponto, 

ludus ubi et cantus taedaeque in nocte iugales 

regalique toro laetus gener; ille priorem 

deserit: ultrices spectant a culmine Dirae. 

deficit in thalamis turbataque paelice coniunx 

pallam et gemmiferae donum exitiale coronae 

apparat ante omnes secum dequesta labores. 

munere quo patrias paelex ornatur ad aras 

infelix et iam rutilis correpta venenis 

implicat igne domos... (5.442-451) 

iasonma taZris karebze gamosaxuli suraTebis daTvaliereba xali- 

sianad daiwyo (nec minus hinc varia dux laetus imagine templi / ad geminas fertorafores, 

121

4216f.), momdevno scenebis daTvalierebis Sedegad ki ganwyoba radikalu- 

rad Seecvala, ise rom, aietTan saubris dawyebis momentisaTvis (5. 456-547) 

jer kidev ganicdis avismomaswavebeli suraTebis zemoqmedebas. TviT kol- 

xebsac ki, romelTac ver gaugiaT hefestos mier Seqmnili suraTebis 

arsi, sZulT es suraTebi da Tvals arideben (5. 454). argonavtebic dabneu- 

lni da SiSiT Sepyrobilni arian (5. 455). 

...haec tum miracula Colchis 

struxerat Ignipotens nondum noscentibus, ille 

quis labor, aligeris aut quae secet anguibus auras 

caede madens. odere tamen visusque reflectunt (5.451-454) 

e. lefevri flakusis mier aseTi saxiT gadmocemul kolxebis 

Sesaxeb ambebSi cdilobs, poetis Tanamedrove romaelTa istoriis anarek- 

li dainaxos. rogorc Cans, romaelma epikosma mxatvruli formiT warmo- 

gvidgina samoqalaqo omebi, rasac manamde lukanusi Seecada Tavis Bellum 

civile-Si da flakusis Semdgom staciusi Thebais-Si. Tu apolonios 

rodoseli kolxebis aRwerisas ar avlens Tanadroul mimarTebebs, le- 

fevris azriT, kolxebi romaelebs aris Sedarebuli da amiT aixsneba maT 

Sesaxeb Seqmnili negatiuri suraTic. 181 es Tvalsazrisi garkveulwilad 

misaRebia, Tumca arc is unda gamogvrCes mxedvelobidan, rom flakusi 

aSkarad diferencirebul damokidebulebas avlens, erTi mxriv, Crdilo- 

eTSi mosaxle tomebs da, meore mxriv, barSi mcxovreb kolxebs Soris. 

4. konfliqtSi monawile tomebi 

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, antikur wyaroebSi SedarebiT mcirea info- 

rmacia im tomebisa da gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic kavkasiis Crdi- 

loeT ferdobebze binadroben. aq ZiriTadad yuradReba gamaxvilebulia 

sarmatebze, alanebze, skviTur tomebze, romlebic gamoirCevian TavianTi 

mravalricxovnebiTa da urTierTobebiT kavkasiis samxreT nawilSi mcxov- 

reb tomebTan. am tomebis Sesaxeb araerTi cnoba mogvepoveba. bunebrivia, 

Cven ar visaxavT miznad warmovadginoT yvela wyaro, gvainteresebs, Tu ra 

suraTs gviCvenebs am mxriv flakusis àrgonavtika~. apolonios rodosel- 

181 E. Lefèvre, Das Bild der Kolcher in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, Phasis I, 1999, 37. 

122

Tan yuradReba ZiriTadad gamaxvilebulia samx. SavizRvispireTSi mosax- 

le tomebze; igi Rirebul eTnografiul cnobebs gvawvdis xalibebis (II 

1002-1008), tibarenebis (II 1009-1014), mosinikebis (II 1015-1029) Sesaxeb. rac 

Seexeba CrdiloeTSi mcxovreb tomebs, dasaxelebuli arian savromatebi – 

kolxebisadmi mtrulad ganwyobili skviTuri tomi (igive sarmatebi III 353, 

III 394); 182 skviTebi, romelTa sazRvrebSic miedineba istrosi (IV 288, IV 

320); mdinare istrosis sanapiroze mosaxle tomebi: siginebi (IV 320) da 

gravkenebi (IV 321), aseve sindebi _ istrosis SesarTavTan lavrionis 

velze mcxovrebi tomi (IV, 322). 183 

flakusi, SeiZleba iTqvas, uaRresad saintereso da mravalferovan 

informacias gvawvdis Crd. kavkasiasa da Crd. SavizRvispireTSi mosaxle 

tomebis Sesaxeb; ZiriTadad es cnobebi warmodgenilia e. w. skviTebis 

katalogSi, sadac gmirebis eqsponirebasTan erTad CarTulia mravali ge- 

ografiuli da eTnografiuli cnoba. am informaciis katalogSi Semota- 

niT flakusi axdens argonavtebis mowinaaRmdegeebis eqsponirebas 184 . igi 

sxvadasxva wyarodan iRebs informacias da sainteresod miCneul 

detalebs skviT xalxs usadagebs; flakusi aseT informacias sxvadasxva 

rogorc poeturi, aseve arapoeturi wyarodan iRebs, raTa istoriulad 

damowmebulma faqtebma mis mier monaTxrobs realuri elferi SesZinos. 

zogierT toms flakusi meti damajereblobisaTvis iseT adaT-wesebs 

182 argosi aiets warudgens argonavtebs: `man Cemgan ismina, rom savromatebi [Seni] didi 

mtrebi arian da ganizraxa saCuqrisaTvis sakadrisi samagiero mogiZRvnas da isini Sens 

kverTxs daumorCilos~ (III 353). iasoni mimarTavs aiets: àxlac mzada varT, samagiero 

gadagixadoT swrafi omiT: gind savromatebs davumorCilebT Sens kverTxs, gind kidev 

sxva xalxs~ (III 394). 

183 `velurma mwyemsebma, xomaldebis SiSiT mravalricxovani naxiri dacvarul mdeloebze 

miatoves, TiTqos urCxulebiT savse zRvidan aRmomaval mxecebs xedavdnen. maT uwin ar 

enaxaT sazRvao xomaldebi; arc TrakielebTan aRreul skviTebs, arc siginebs, arc 

gravkenebsa da arc lavrionis udabur da did velze mosaxle sindebs~ (IV 314-322). 

siginebs moixseniebs jer kidev herodotosi (Her.V, 9), strabonis mixedviT, isini 

cxovroben kaspiis zRvasTan (XI, 11,8). gravkenebi mxolod apolonios rodoselTan 

gvxvdeba. herodotosi sindebs da q. sindikes Savi zRvis sanapiroze aTavsebs da skviTur 

tomad Tvlis (VI, 26), strabonis mixedviT, sindebi meotTa tomia (XI, 2, 1011). 

184 W. Kühlmann, Katalog und Erzählung. Studien zu Konstanz und Wandel einer literarischen Form in der antiken 

Epik, Diss. Freiburg/Br. 1973, 303f. geografiuli da eTnografiuli cnobebis warmomavlobis 

Sesaxeb ix.: A. Heeren, De chronographia a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss. Göttingen 1899; R. Harmand, De 

Valerio Flacco Apollonii Rhodii imitatore 1898 Nancy, 19-22: valeriusi sxvadasxva wyaroebidan iRebs 

informacias da gadaaqvs sainteresod miCneuli detalebi skviT xalxze; E. Shreeves. 

Landscape, Topography and Geographical Notation in the Argonautica of Valerius Flaccus. Diss. University of 

North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 1979, 170-175: xazs usvams im garemoebas, rom flakusi aseT informacias 

sxvadasxva, rogorc poeturi, aseve arapoeturi wyaroebidan iRebs, raTa istoriulad 

damowmebulma faqtebma mis mier monaTxrobs realoba mianiWos. 

123

miawers, rac sxva tomebTan dakavSirebiT gvxvdeba wyaroebSi, an umetes- 

wilad misi poeturi fantaziis nayofs warmoadgens. 

tomebi, romelTac flakusi CamoTvlis, SeiZleba ramdenime jgufad 

davyoT: 1. Crd. SavizRvispireTis tomebi: akesinebi, Tirsagetebi, iazigebi, 

kimerielebi, satarxebi, sarmatebi, hileebi; 2. sxvadasxva warmomavlobis 

Crdilo da das. SavizRvispireTis tomebi: avxatebi, arimaspebi, batarnebi, 

bisaltebi, kolaletebi, koralebi, mesielebi, nevrebi; 3. Crd. kavkasieli 

tomebi: alanebi, eqsomatebi, torinebi, sindebi, henioxebi; 4. kaspiispireTis 

tomebi: kaspiadebi, hirkanielebi; 5. aRmosavluri warmomavlobis tomebi: 

gangaridebi, drangebi, keseebi, mikeebi; 6. savaraudod flakusis mier gamo- 

gonili tomebi: balonitebi, kentorebi, xoaTrebi. suraTi TvalsaCinoa, 

flakusi ZiriTadad im xalxebs rTavs katalogSi, romlebic istoriulad 

dasturdebian, imisaTvis, rom momxdar oms istoriuli elferi SesZinos 

da realuri gaxados. 

4.1. Crd. SavizRvispireTis tomebi 

akesinebi 185 – flakusi warmogvidgens erT-erT skviT sardals friq- 

suss, romelsac akesinuri razmebi mihyavs kolxidaSi salaSqrod (Acesi- 

naque .../ ...agmina, 6. 70-1). 

cnobilia am saxelwodebis mdinare, romelsac pliniusi ganaTavsebs 

yirimis da borisTenesis maxloblad (Plin. n. h. 4.83). Steph. Byz. Tavis damate- 

baSi gvawvdis maT Sesaxeb informacias: Tavnai~...tine;~ de; kai; to;n potamo;n 

ÆAkesivnhn ei\nai. 

Tirsagetebi _ flakusTan es tomi dasturdeba formiT Thyrsagetae 

(6.135ff.). vismanis azriT, avtors, savaraudod, surda es tomi etimologi- 

urad daekavSirebina bakxusis thyrsus-Tan da, Sesabamisad, dionises miTTan, 

razec metyvelebs poemis konteqstic: 186 àr davdumdebi arc Tirsagetze, 

romelic sisxlian omebSi timpanons daatarebs, zurgze mogdebuli aqvs 

mofriale tyavi da xelT upyria yvavilebiT garSemownuli amwvanebuli 

maxvili. arsebobs Tqmuleba, rom bakxusma, iupiteris da kadmusis sis- 

xliT naTesavma, am razmis sardlobiT keTilsurnelovani sabeelebi, maTi 

185 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 46. 


124

ednieri samefo da arabebic daamarcxa, Semdeg ki, roca hebrusis wyalze 

gadadioda, miatova Tirsagetebi yinulovan CrdiloeTSi. maT axlac ki 

SemorCenili aqvT winaparTa adaTi: spilenZis sakravze wminda dartymebi 

da fleita, mTxrobeli aRmosavluri brZolis Sesaxeb~ (6.135-142). 

Tisagetebi skviTiis CrdiloeTSi, tyeSi mcxovrebi da monadire 

tomia; isini cxovrobdnen savaWro gzasTan, romelic tanaisidan uralis 

Sua mTebisken miemarTeboda. saxlobdnen tyis masivSi qvemo kamasTan (ka- 

ma) da iyvnen finur-ugruli warmomavlobisa. 187 es forma unda davukavSi- 

roT herodotosis Qussagevtai (IV 22); Sdr. Steph. Byz. s. v. Thyssagetae; Mela 

1.116; Plin. n. h. VI 19. 

iazigebi 188 – iazigebi da maTi gamorCeuli sardali gesanderi ko- 

lxidaSi aietsa da persess Soris gamarTul omSi iReben monawileobas. 

(6. 294-316). flakusi am tomTan akavSirebs saintereso adaTs, romelzec 

Cven ukve araerTxel visaubreT. 

iazigi sarmatebi saxlobdnen donsa da dneprs Soris (Strab. 7. 3. 17 

Tac. Ann. 12. 29. 3). Tavdapirvelad isini meotisis tbasTan cxovrobdnen 

(Ammian. Marc. XXII 8, 31). savaraudod, aleqsandre didis gardacvalebis 

Semdeg maT daamxes skviTebis samefo da gavrceldnen karpatebamde. aqedan 

isini mividnen donis da Taisis dablobze, sadac ptolemaiosi (Geogr. III 7) 

ase gansazRvravs maTi sacxovrebeli adgilis sazRvrebs: das.-TiT da 

samx.-TiT – doni, aRm.-TiT – Taisi, Crd.-TiT – karnuntumis mTebi. tacitu- 

si (ann. XII 29) gvamcnobs, rom klavdiusis droisaTvis svebebis mefe vani- 

usis jarSi imyofebodnen mxedari iazigebi. aqedan SeiZleba davaskvnaT, 

rom ax. w. 50 wlisaTvis iazigebi donsa da Taiss Soris cxovrobdnen. 

kimerielebi 189 _ flakusi àrgonavtikaSi~ moixseniebs kimeriel 

qurums avxuss (6.60, 619), romelic uricxv erTsulovan meomars sardlobs 

da Tavs iwonebs kimeriuli simdidriT (igulisxmeba meomrebiT); fla- 

kusTan qveynis dasalierad aris miCneuli kimerielTa adgilsamyofeli 

Cimmerium domus `kimerielTa samyofeli~ (3.399). aq mdebareobs mRvime, sa- 

187 A. Herrmann, Thyssagetai, RE, A. 1, 755; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348. 

188 Vulić, Iazyges, RE, IX. 1, 1189 S VI; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 64-5. 


125

dac SavebSi mosili kelenevsi 190 asamarTlebs adamianebs, romelTac 

codva Caidines (3.399ff.). 

antikur wyaroebSi es aris tomi, romelic saxlobda skviTur 

tavrosTan da meotisis tbasTan. maTi eqspansia ganicada kavkasiam da 

anatoliam. Sdr. gimeriebi, kimbrebi, qeimerebi. herodotosis Tanaxmad, 

saxlobdnen skviTiis regionebSi (4.12), maTi saxeli ewoda yirimis 

naxevarkunZuls. mela maT moixseniebs amaZonebisa da hiperboreelebis 

gverdiT (1.13). ovidiusis mixedviT, isini floben miTiur beWeds, igi kime- 

rielebTan axlos ganaTavsebs somnusis gamoqvabuls (Met.11.592). 

satarxebi 191 – flakusTan moixseniebian aietis winaaRmdeg daZrul 

laSqarSi: TavianT almebs mohyvebian eqsomatebi, torinebi da qeraTmiani 

satarxebi sua signa secuti / Exomatae Torynique et flavi crine Satarchae (6.143-4). 

satarxebi mdidarni arian sawveleliT (6.145). 

satarxebi yirimze mcxovrebi xalxia, romelTac saxelwodeba miiRes 

q. satarxadan (Satarcha). isini epigrafikuladac dasturdebian yirimze 

Satarcaiou" [Latyschev Inscriptiones orae sept. I nr. 244]; Satarcai'oi ix. Steph. Byz. 

Tavfrai. kalistratosi ukavSirebs maT Tavfrai-s tafriebs, romlebic brme- 

bis STamomavlebi iyvnen. herodotosis cnobiT, skviTebi rodesac rZes 

mowvelian, asxamen xis WurWelSi, romelsac Semousxamdnen brmebs faSati 

cxenis rZis sadRvebad. amis gamo skviTebi yvelas abrmavebdnen, visac 

xelT igdebdnen (Her. IV, 2f.) da maT mxaresac Tavfrai an Tavfrh ewodeboda. 

pliniusi satarxebs (Satharcheos) ganaTavsebs md. donis (n. h. VI 22), 

tavrosuli xersonesosis maxloblad (IV. 85), rogorc mela (Mela II 3. 4), 

romlis mixedviT, isini cxovrobdnen Palus Maeotis-Tan da iyvnen 

tavroselebis aRm. mezoblebi. isini unda iyvnen monebis STamomavlebi, 

romlebic maT qalbatonebs daukavSirdnen, roca skviTebi xangrZliv oms 

awarmoebdnen Trakielebis winaaRmdeg. pliniusi ganarCevs Satharcheos 

Herticheos da Satharcheos Spalaeos. es ukanasknelni, kislingis Tanaxmad 

(Kiessling, RE, VIII, 1150), arian gamoqvabulSi mcxovrebi satarxebi, rac ara 

mxolod Steph. Byz.-is Tavfra an Tavfrh-s mogvagonebs, aramed mecnieri maT 

190 

kelenevsi flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia, masze dawvrilebiT visaubrebT 

Sesabamis TavSi. 

191 

Weissbach, Satarchae, RE, II A. 1, 60; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 73. 

126

melasTan (Mela II 10) moxseniebul xalxs Sarthae ukavSirebs, romelTac ar 

uyvardaT oqro da vercxli, aramed awarmoebdnen gacvliT vaWrobas. 

ukiduresad mkacr zamTars atarebdnen qvesknelebSi; saxes imosavdnen, 

mxolod Tvalebi mouCandaT. 

sarmatebi _ flakusi sarmatebs asaxelebs aietis winaaRmdeg 

daZrul laSqarSi, isini gamoirCevian grZeli maxvilebiT, rogorc make- 

donelebi (conti) Sdr. Grat.117 Macetum immensos...contos, Sil.15.684 f. conti / 

Sarmatici, Tac.Hist.1.79.2 Sarmatae...neque conti neque gladii, Ann.6.35.1. flakusi 

moixseniebs Sauromatae formasac at tibi quinam / Sauromatae, miseranda, proci? (7.234- 

5) da saintereso eTnografiul detalsac rTavs epizodSi, kerZod, sadac 

kirked qceuli iuno cdilobs, medea daiyolios, iasonze ifiqros, eubne- 

ba, rom sabralos mxolod savromatebi, iberielebi da veluri gelonebi 

sTxoven xels, romelTac wesad ar aqvT dasjerdnen mxolod erT cols: 

cui vadis Hibero,/ ei mihi, vel saevo coniunx non una Gelono? (7.235-6). 

pliniusis Tanaxmad (n. h. 4.80), Graecis Sauromatae Sauromavtai cxovrob- 

dnen amJamindel ukrainaSi (tanaisis maxloblad), aseve wyaroebSi aRweri- 

lia, rom isini movidnen danubiosidan teste Ovidio (Tr., Pont. passim) an Sil.3.617 

Sarmaticis victor compescet sedibus Histrum da kavkasiidan (Luc.3.270 Heniochi saevisque 

adfinis Sarmata Moschis, sadac mosxebi arian samxr. kolxididan); Sdr. 

Herod.3.94, 7.78. 192 

hileebi 193 _ flakusTan Hylaea ...cum gente moiCqaris sienesi (6.74). 

flakusi gadmogvcems, Tu rogori xSiri da udaburi tyea am adgilas: 

densior haud usquam nec celsior extulit ullas / silva trabes fessaeque prius rediere sagittae / 

/ quin et ab Hyrcanis Titanius expulit antris 

(6.76-79). 

hilea aris tyiani kunZuli borisTenesis regionSi, akesinusis 

maxloblad (Sdr. Her. 4.9, 18f. 54, 79); hileas Sesaxeb cnobas aseve vxvdebiT 

pliniusTan: inde silvestris regio Hylaeum mare quo adluitur cognominavit (4.83). iyo Tu 

ara es regioni realobaSi tyiani, ucnobia, SesaZloa, berZnebs aseTi war- 

192 H. J.W. Wijsman, 2000, 79. 

193 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 47-48. 

127

modgena SeeqmnaT sityvis etimologiis gamo, ramdenadac u{lh `tyes~ 

niSnavs. 194 

4.2. sxvadasxva warmomavlobis Crd. da das. SavizRvispireTis tomebi 

avxatebi 195 – avxatebi moixseniebian flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ aiet- 

is winaaRmdeg daZrul skviTebis katalogSi, masTan am Ziridan nawarmoebi 

sakuTari saxelic – avxusi – dasturdeba (Auchus, 6.60, 619) kimerieli 

personaJisaTvis. flakusi avxatebTan dakavSirebiT aRniSnavs maT gawa- 

fulobas lasos tyorcnaSi: Auchates patulo vaga vincula gyro / spargere et extremas 

laqueis adducere turmas (6.132-3) `daxelovnebulni arian avxatebi mfrinavi 

bagiris Sors wriulad tyorcnaSi, romlis yulfi yvelaze ukidures 

razmsac ki swvdeba~. 

herodotosi am cnobas ukavSirebs sagartiebs, sparsul toms, pavsa- 

niasi ki savromatebs kai; seirai`~ peribalovnte~ tw`n polemivwn oJpovsoi~ ejpituvcoein 

(Paus. 1.21.5). herodotosis Tanaxmad, avxatebi erT-erTi skoloturi tomia: 

touvtou~ tw`n Skuqevwn oiJ Aujcavtai gevno~ kalevontai (Her. IV 6). Tqmulebis mixedviT, 

isini targitaosis ufrosi vaJiSvilisgan, lipoqseosisagan iReben dasa- 

bams. miuxedavad amisa, marTvis sadaveebi xelT epyraT paralatebs (Parala- 

tai), romlebic umcrosi vaJis STamomavlebi iyvnen. Tu es ukanasknelni 

ukavSirdebian basileebs (Basileioi) da aroterebi (Aroteres) trapiebs (Trapies) 

da katiarebs (Katiaroi), am SemTxvevaSi borisTenesTan mcxovrebi tomebi, 

gerebi (Gerroi) da georgebi (Georgoi) SeiZleba davukavSiroT avxatebs (Plin. 

IV 88). pliniusi akavSirebs avxatebs TqmulebasTan, sadac gadmocemulia 

napeebis gamanadgurebeli brZola. saxeli, SesaZloa, niSnavdes 

`gaZlierebuls~; etimologia SeiZleba davukavSiroT zd. vakhšatha `zrdas~. 

arimaspebi 196 – arimaspebi miTiuri xalxia skviTur CrdiloeTSi. 

maT Sesaxeb cnobebi gvxvdeba aristeas prokonesosis epikur nawarmoebSi 

àrimaspea~. arimaspebis saxeli skviTuri warmomavlobisaa da niSnavs 

`calTvalas~ (Her. IV 27); es tomi sxvadasxva wyaroSi gvxvdeba: 

Aeschyl.Prom.802ff; Kallim. H.Del.291ff; Paus.I 24, 6; Orph. Arg. 1063 da sxv. pliniusi 

194 SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346. 

195 Tomaschek, Auchatai, RE, II, 2, 2268; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345, 348; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 69. 

196 Val. Flacc. 6. 131; Wernicke, Arimaspoi, RE, II, 1, 826-7; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347; A. Heeren, De chronographia 

a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss. Göttingen 1899, 31; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 68. 

128

maT ganaTavsebs: Maeotae, a quibus lacus nomen accepit, ultimique a tergo eorum Arimaspi 

(Plin.6.50), 4.88. arianosi ki drangebsa da araxosiebs Soris (Arr. Anab. III, 27, 

4). arimaspebs asaxelebs flakusi àrgonavtikaSi~ aietis winaaRmdeg da- 

Zrul skviTebis laSqarSi: mox Riphaei montes. et qui tua iugera nondum / eruis, ignotis 

insons Arimaspe metallis, / doctus (6.130-2) `da Sen, arimaspo, udanaSaulo, umecaro 

liTonisa, romelic jer ar Sexebixar Sens miwebs~. igi cdilobs amiT 

agvixsnas, rom arimaspebma jer kidev ar ician oqros Zala, Tumca 

herodotosi gadmogvcems, rom evropis CrdiloeTSi arsebobda oqro, 

romelsac icavdnen grifebi, maT ki es oqro mostaces arimaspebma (III 116); 

Sdr. aseve Lucan 3.280f.: auroque ligatas / substringens, Arimaspe, comas. heereni 

miiCnevs, rom flakusi arimaspebs miusadagebs satarxebis wes-Cveulebebs 

(Mela 2.10 auri ignari); zogadad, amas amboben skviTebis Sesaxeb (Just. 2.2.7): 

aurum et argentum perinde aspernantur òqrosa da vercxls Tanabrad ugulebel- 

yofen~. ВДИ-is komentatori arimaspebis toms ukavSirebs erT-erTi skviTi 

personaJis, ariasmenusis saxeldebas, romelic aseve flakusis àrgonav- 

tikaSi~ gvxvdeba. 

batarnebi 197 – flakusis Tanaxmad, skviTi sardali persesis mokav- 

Sire tevtagonusi meTaurobs batarnebis toms, romlebic SeiaraRebulni 

arian daumuSavebeli saqonlis tyavis farebiT. 

batarnebis tomis uZvelesi saxelwodeba unda iyos Bastarnae (Strabo 7. 

3. 17). cnobilia aseve var. lect.: Basternas (Tac. ann. II 65, Dion. perieg. 302, Dio, Sidon. 

Apoll.), Batarnas formas gvTavazobs flakusi (6. 96), savaraudod, igi cvlis 

uZveles formas metruli Tvalsazrisis gamo, Blastarni (Tab. Peut.), Basternae 

(Trog. Pomp. prol. 28. 32; Ov. Tr. II 198; Plin. n. h. IV 100). pirveli didi germanuli 

tomi, romelic Tavisi samSoblodan daiZra da Zv. w. II s-sTvis donis Se- 

sarTavamde (donis Crd. napirze) gadaadgilda. maT rogorc pontosis ax- 

los mosaxle toms (ejphvlude") moixseniebs Ps.-Skymn. 797. apianosi CamoTvlis 

maT miTridatesis mokavSire xalxTa Soris (Mithr. 15. 69. 71). Zv. w. I s-sTvis 

maTi adgilsamyofeli gadaWimuli iyo karpatebis aRm. mxaridan donis Se- 

sarTavebamde da moixseniebian dakebis mezoblebad (Strab. III 128. VII 289. 

294ff. 305f.; Plin. n. h. IV 100). ptolemaiosi (III 5, 7) maT evropuli sarmatiis 

197 Ihm, Bastarnae, RE, III. 1, 110-113; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 55-56. 

129

macxovreblebad miiCnevs. markomanebis omSi bastarnebi romis winaaRmdeg 

gaerTianebul tomTa Soris arian moxseniebulni (Hist. Aug. M. Anton. 22). 

mogvianebiT maT axsenebs Claudian. de IV cons. Honorii 450; de cons. Stil. I 96 da Sidon 

Apoll. carm. V 474. VII 323. klavdianusi maTSi goTebs moiazrebs. polibiosis 

aRwerilobis mixedviT (Sdr. Liv. da Plut.), isini gamoirCeodnen axovani aR- 

nagobiT, meomruli suliskveTebiT (Athen. V 213). isini didsulovnebas 

iCendnen mtris mimarT; ar ainteresebdaT miwaTmoqmedeba da mesaqonleoba. 

mudmivad saomar laSqrobebSi iRebdnen monawileobas, sadac yovelTvis 

Tan axldaT ojaxic (Plut. Liv. XLIV 26; Val. Flacc. 6. 95f.). 

bisaltebi 198 – maTi warmomavlobis Sesaxeb cnobebi Zalian mwirea, 

Tumca cxadia, rom isini germanuli tomia. polibiosi, plutarqosi maT 

galatebad Tvlian, apianosi – getebad, dion kasiosi ki maT skviTebadac 

miiCnevs (Dio LI 23). straboni maT germanul tomebad moiazrebs, Tumca dar- 

wmunebuli ar aris (VII 306), romaelebi ki amas darwmunebiT amboben (Plin. 

n. h. IV 81; Tac. Germ. 46). 

flakusi, savaraudod, icnobda im cnobas, romlis Tanaxmadac, isini 

skviTebad miiCnevian da am toms skviTur adaT-wesebs ukavSirebs (6. 96) 

bisaltebs aietis winaaRmdeg kolxidaSi gamarTul omSi tevtagonusi me- 

Taurobs (Sdr. bastarnebi Strab. VII, 3, 2). isini SeiaraRebulni arian 

daumuSavebeli saqonlis tyavis farebiTa (Sdr. makronebis da mosinikebis 

dawnuli farebis Sesaxeb cnoba Xen. Anab. IV, 6, 26) da Tanabarzomieri 

maxvilebiT. rogorc Cans, flakusisaTvis cnobili iyo, rom bastarnebi 

germanikuli tomi iyo, Sesabamisad, maTi sardlis, tevtagonusis saxelic 

teuto- elements Seicavs: A. Heeren marTebulad aRniSnavs, rom teuto- Tavsar- 

TiT dawyebuli saxelebi germ. an gal. warmomavlobisaa, teuta-Ti ki – 

berZnulisa. sainteresoa, ra safuZvelze akavSirebs flakusi Trakiul- 

makedonuri warmomavlobis toms, bisaltebs skviTebTan? SesaZloa, igi 

eyrdnoba vergiliusis cnobas, sadac bisaltebi gelonebTan (G. 3. 461: 

Bisaltae... acerque Gelonus) erTad moixseniebian skviTebad, gelonusi ki, ro- 

gorc cnobilia, skviTesis Zmas erqva. 

198 Oberhummer, Bisaltai, RE, III. 1, 499-500; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 37. 

130

kolaletebi 199 // Coeletae // Koiletai // Koilaletai – (Koilh'tai) Trakiuli 

tomia md. hebrusze mTebis hemosisa da rodopas maxloblad (Celaletae 

maiores Haemo, minores Rhodopae subditi, inter quos Hebrus amnis, Plin. n. h. IV, 41). 

tiberiusis dros maT ajanyebaze gvamcnobs tacitusi Coelaletae Odrusaeque et 

Dii, validae nationes arma cepere (Tac. Ann. 3. 38. 4). 

flakusis Tanaxmad, isini meotisTan saxloben da aietis winaaRmdeg 

gamarTul omSi sabrZolvelad etlebze amxedrebulni moiswrafian. isini 

cxovroben bewvis karvebSi TavianT col-SvilTan erTad, Svilebi xelnaze 

sxedan da Tavs gamoTlili joxebis sroliT irToben (6. 81-83). am wes-Cve- 

ulebis SemotaniT flakusi am toms skviTuri tomebis adaTebTan 

aaxlovebs. 

koralebi 200 – yaCaRTa Trakiuli tomia, romelsac straboni (oiJ peri; 

to; Ai/mon... Kovralloi... pavnta me;n tau'ta lh/strikwvtata e[qnh, VII, 5, 13) ganaTavsebs 

hemossa da Savi zRvis sanapiros Soris, ovidiusi ki – qvemo dunaize (Pont. 

IV. 2. 37. 8. 83). apianosi maT CamoTvlis im tomebs Soris, romlebic miTri- 

datess miemxrnen da ganaTavsebs maT rodopesa an hemoss da istross 

Soris (Mithrid. 69). ovidiusi ki maT lokalizebas istrosTan axdens. 

flakusis Tanaxmad, aietis winaaRmdeg kolxidisken daZrul skviTeb- 

Si moixseniebian (6. 89-94). maT aRmarTuli aqvT almebi, romlebzec gamosa- 

xulia barbarosuli (ucxouri) borblebi, zurgze gamoexataT rkinis 

Rorebi da iupiteris gamosaxulebebi – waWrili svetebi. ar sWirdebaT 

sabrZolod mowodeba saomari yiJiniT, aramed isini mRerian TavianTi wes- 

Cveulebis mixedviT gardasul ambavTa Sesaxeb, winaparTa saqmeebs asxamen 

xotbas meomarTa aRsagznebad. saxelis etimologias ukavSireben spars. 

kara-s mniSvnelobiT `meomari~. 201 

mesielebi 202 (Moesus) – maT balonitebsa da sarmatebs Soris moixse- 

niebs flakusi (mx. r.-Si Moesus formiT) aietis winaaRmdeg daZrul skviTe- 

bis laSqarSi (6. 162). isini sxva meomarTagan imiT gamoirCevian, rom gansa- 

kuTrebiT exerxebaT cxeniT jiriTi. elvis siswrafiT icvlian daRlil 

cxenebs. 

199 Oberhummer, Koilaletai, RE, XI. 1, 1049; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 49-50. 

200 Fluss, Koralloi, RE, XI. 2, 1377; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 53. 

201 Sdr. W. Tomaschek, Die alten Thraker. Ein ethnologische Untersuchung, Gorgias Press, 2009 2 , I 97. 

202 Fluss, Moesi, RE, XV. 2, 2347-2350; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 349. 

131

mesielebi misiaSi qvemo dunaize mcxovrebi xalxia (an Trakieli an 

geti). Tavdapirvelad es saxeli samx. aRm. evropuli naxevarkunZulis 

Crd.-Si mcxovreb Trakiel xalxs aRniSnavda, mogvianebiT ki romaul pro- 

vincia misiaSi sxvadasxva mosaxleobis gamaerTianebeli saxelwodeba iyo. 

misiis teritoriebis gavrcobasTan erTad tiberiusidan moyolebuli es 

saxeli Trakiul-iliriuli tomebis aRsaniSnavadac gamoiyeneboda, rom- 

lebic mesielebis aRm. da das.-TiT cxovrobdnen. 

nevrebi 203 – flakusi skviTebis katalogSi iazigebTan erTad mo- 

ixseniebs nevrebs (raptor amorum / Neurus, 6. 122) (mx. r.-is saxelobiTi br.-is 

formiT Neurus). 

herodotosis Tanaxmad, skviTebis Crd-TiT saxlobdnen (Her. IV 17, 100, 

102, 105, 115, 125). ВДИ-is komentatori am saxels ukavSirebs herodotosTan 

dadasturebul nevrebis dasaxelebas (Her. IV, 17, 4. 100, 102, 105, 125), 

romlebic Soreul Crd.-Si cxovroben borisTenesis da hipanisis max- 

loblad. misive cnobiT, nevrebs skviTuri adaT-wesebi hqondaT (IV 105): 

pliniusi da mela aRweren maT jadosnur Zalas (Plin. n. h. 4. 88; Mela 2. 14) si 

velint in lupos iterumque in eos qui fuere mutantur; dasturdeba agreTve Nervi forma 

(Amm. 31.2.14). 

4.3. Crd. kavkasieli tomebi 

alanebi 204 – didi nomaduri xalxi kavkasiisa da kaspiis zRvis 

CrdiloeTiT. maT Sesaxeb cnobas gvawvdis lukianosi koina; ga;r tau`ta 

ÆAlanoi`~ kai; Skuvqai~, plh;n o{ti ouj pavnu komw`sin oiJ ÆAlanoi; w{sper oiJ Skuvqai 

(Lucian.Tox.51); alanebs moixseniebs lukanusic Armeniosque arcus Geticis intendite 

neruis, / si uos, o Parthi, peterem cum Caspia claustra / et sequerer duros aeterni Martis Alanos 

(Bell. civ. 8.223); klavdianusis mixedviT, alanebi cxovroben meotisis 

maxloblad caesamque bibens Maeotin Alanus (Claud.3.312) Sdr. aseve Amm. Marc. 

22.8.31; heerenis Tanaxmad, isini Tavdapirvelad cxovrobdnen pontusis aRm. 

sanapiroze, kolxidasTan axlos, mogvianebiT ki Seicvales sacxovrebeli 

adgili. 

203 A. Herrmann, Neuroi, RE, XVII. 1, 158-161; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348. 

204 Heeren, A., De chronographia a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss. Göttingen 1899, 26ff; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 

2000, 35. 

132

flakusTan alanebs da velur henioxebs sardlobs anavsisi (6.42). 

alanebi moixseniebian epiTetiT ardens `ficxi~. alanebi aseve gvxvdebian 

brZolis velze, sadac ufrTxian iasons, rodesac am ukanasknelma bolo 

mouRo skviT mebrZols, kolaqsess (6.656). 

eqsomatebi – flakusTan es tomi TavianT almebs mohyvebian tori- 

nebTan da qeraTmian satarxebTan erTad sua signa secuti / Exomatae Torynique et 

flavi crine Satarchae (6.143-4) `CrdiloeTSi aravis hyavs maTze ufro 

gamorCeuli cxenebi~. eqsomatebs nadiroba asazrdoebs: `gadaiqroleben hi- 

panisis myife yinuliT dafarul wyalze, iltvian vefxvis an mrisxane Zu 

lomis naSierebiT da naRvliani deda SeSdeba saeWvo napiris beqobze~ 

(6.146-149). 

ВДИ-is komentatoris Tanaxmad, es eTnonimi SesaZloa davukavSiroT 

ptolemaiosis iaqsamatebs (Geogr.V.8.16), iaZamatebs (Pseud.-Scymn, 879) an 

iqsamatebs Ixamatae (Mela 1, 114), 205 iqsomatebs Ixomatae et Maeotiae et Iazyges 

(Amm.22.8.31). 

torinebi 206 (Toryni_ savaraudod, kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 

erT-erTi tomia. flakusTan moixseniebian eqsomatebisa da qeraTmiani 

satarxebis gverdiT sua signa secuti / Exomatae Torynique et flavi crine Satarchae (6.143- 

4). torinebi Tafls sdeben pativs (6.145). ВДИ-is komentatoris azriT, es 

eTnonimi SeiZleba davukavSiroT q. torinebis dasaxelebas TesprotiaSi. 

Tumca, ufro sarwmunoa, rom aq igulisxmebian toretebi (Ps. Scymn.74). swo- 

red amitom gvTavazobs heereni Toretae formas da miuTiTebs strabonze 

11.2.11 (Toreavtai = Torevtai, Plin. n. h. 6.17 Toretae, Steph. Byz. Torevtai). mogvianebiT 

saxeli Toringus fiqsirdeba sidoniusTan Chunus, Neurus, Bastarna, Toringus 

tomebis aRmniSvnel saxelTa gverdiT (Sidon. Apoll. carm. VII 323). heerens 

mohyavs ekvivalenturi formebi sxva tomebTan dakavSirebiTac: Sarmat- 

/Sauromat-, Exomat-/Ixabat-/Iaxamat-/Ixibat-. 207 

sindebi – xalxi aziur sarmatiaSi, azovis zRvis samxr.-aRm. sanapi- 

ros da Savi zRvis Crd.-aRm. sanapiros Soris, kimeriuli bosforosis aRm. 

mxares, Tanam. taimanis naxevarkunZulze. yvelaze adre isini ixseniebian 


206 SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 72. 

207 A. Heeren, 1899, 55. 

133

skilaqsis periplusSi. avtori tomebis CamoTvlas iwyebs Crd.-dan _ tana- 

isidan (donidan) samxreTis mimarTulebiT. Tavdapirvelad igi asaxelebs 

tanaisTan savromatebs, Semdeg meotebs (meotisis tbasTan), mere ki 

moixseniebs sindebs (Scyl. 72). herodotosis gadmocemiT, sindebi skviTebis 

mezoblad cxovroben da zamTarSi, rodesac kimeriuli bosforosi 

iyineba, skviTebi yinulze gadadian etlebiT gaRma da laSqroben iq myofi 

sindebis winaaRmdeg (Herod. IV, 28). amave teritoriaze asaxelebs sindebs 

helanikosic _ sindebi, meotebi (zemoT), skviTebi (Helan. fr. 93). gan- 

sxvavebulia sindebis lokalizacia apolonios rodoselis poemaSi. igi 

maT istrosze aTavsebs. rodesac argonavtebis da afsirtosis gemebi 

micuravdnen istrosze, maT gemebs gaocebiT uyurebdnen skviTebi, siginebi, 

sindebi lavrionis velze rom cxovrobdnen (Ap. Rhod. IV 309-322). me- 

cnierebaSi miCneulia, rom aq dasaxelebuli sindebi herodotosis (iseve, 

rogorc sxva avtorebis sindebi) unda iyvnen da SecdomiT rodosels 

isini istrosis napirebze, TrakiaSi gadahyavs. 

sindebs axsenebs flakusic: degeneresque ruunt Sindi glomerantque paterno / 

crimine nunc etiam metuentes verbera turmas (6.86-87) `gadagvarebuli sindebic moi- 

swrafvian da Sekreben razmebs, maT axlac ki winaparTa danaSaulis gamo 

dartymebis eSiniaT~. ВДИ-is komentatoris Tanaxmad, flakusi sindebs 

degeneres uwodebs, radganac maT aigivebs brmebis (tufloiv) im STamomavleb- 

Tan, romlebic herodotosis mixedviT warmoiSvnen skviTi qalebisa da mo- 

nebisgan (isini ibrZodnen midiidan dabrunebuli molaSqre skviTebis wi- 

naaRmdeg, romlebmac daimorCiles maTraxebiT). 208 Sdr. aseve Plin. n. h. 4.80, 

sadac igi degeneres gamoiyenebs skviTebTan mimarTebaSi Scythae degeneres et a 

servis orti. 209 

henioxebi 210 – (ïHnivocoi Ps.-Skyl. 71). Zv. w. V s-Si didi tomi pontosis 

tyian sanapiroze, rogorc Zigebi da aqavelebi CrdiloeTSi da sanigebi 

samxreTSi. henioxebis mxareSi daarsda pitiusi. henioxebi misdevdnen mec- 

xoveleobas, eweodnen mekobreobas mCate navebiT (Strab.11.2.14); isini Zv. w. 

IV s-Si bosforosis mefem evmelosma daimorCila da aRkveTa mekobreoba 


209 H. J.W. Wijsman, 2000, 51. 

210 A. Plontke-Lüning, Heniochoi, DNP 5, 346-7; E. Kiessling, s. v. ïHnivocoi, RE 8. 1, 259-280. 

134

(Diod.20.25.2). Zv. w. I da ax. w. I ss-Si xdeba migraciebi Crd.-aRm. mcire azi- 

aSi, sadac henioxebi pontouri alpebidan TviT md. kirusis saTaveebamde 

saxldebian oritur in Heniochis montibus quos alii Coraxicos vocavere (6.26); pliniusi 

maT ganaTavsebis kolxebis mezoblad ab his ad Pontum usque Heniochorum plurima 

genera (Plin. n. h. 6.30). 

flakusi henioxebs moixseniebs epiTetiT trux `veluri~. maT da ficx 

alanebs sardlobs anavsisi aietis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi (6.42ff.). he- 

nioxebis moxsenieba am epiTetiT SemTxveviTi ar unda iyos. es zedsarTavi 

poemaSi sxva adgilas kolxur garemosTan dakavSirebiT gvxvdeba (1.743, 

4.618); 211 (Sdr. aseve 2.73 da 8.456, sadac trux lomis da daTvis epiTetia). am 

epiTetiT ZiriTadad moixseniebian mekobreebi Sdr. Heniochae nautis plus 

nocuere rates (Ov.Pont.4.10.26), ïHniovcwn... lh/strikw`~ (Strabo 17.3.24). vfiqrobT, arc 

is unda iyos SemTxveviTi, rom flakusi antikurobaSi gavrcelebul sa- 

xels henioxes 212 arqmevs medeas kolx ZiZas (5.357). amiT igi yuradRebas 

amaxvilebs am tomebs Soris [kolxebsa da henioxebs] mWidro urTierTkav- 

Sirze. 

4.4. kaspiispireTis tomebi 

kaspiadebi 213 – tomi, romelic saxlobs kaspiis zRvis samxr.-das. sa- 

napiroze (Strab.XI, 4,5). 214 gvxvdebian saxelwodebiT Caspiani (Mela 1.12) an 

Caspi (Plin.Nat.6.39). heereni 215 imowmebs serviuss Amazonidum autem derivatio est 

pro principalitate, sicut Scipiadas duros bello pro Scipionibus (Serv. ad Verg.Aen.1.490). 

flakusi saintereso cnobas gvawvdis kaspiadebis Sesaxeb: maT 

brZolaSi Tan axlavT mebrZoli ZaRlebi: `Semdeg mosdeven drangeis sa- 

brZolo wyebani da TavianTi savaneebidan gamosuli kaspiadebi, romelTa 

ZaRlebis xrova rqis sayviris mkafio xmaze swrafad xtis da patronTa 

brZolaSi monawileobs. amitom sikvdilis Semdeg maT sakadrisi pativic 

ergebaT da ikrZalebian yorRanebSi winaprebis da vaJkacTa samarxebs So- 

ris. ZaRlebis xrova ukve mkerd SejavSnulebi da sazarlad ajagrulebi 

211 H. J.W. Wijsman, 2000, 35-36. 

212 Weicker, Henioche, RE 8. 1, 258. 



215 A. Heeren, De chronographia a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss., Göttingen 1899, 33. 

135

Sav mwyobrad mohqrian sazareli yefiT, rogoric gaismis disis SiSis- 

momgvrel SesasvlelTan an hekates amala gamoscems maRla haerSi~ (6.107- 

113). heerens am adgilTan dakavSirebiT mohyavs citata strabonidan (11.4.5), 

sadac msgavsi cnoba gadmocemulia albanebis ZaRlebis Sesaxeb, hirkani- 

elebis gamorCeul ZaRlebze, isini aseve kaspielebTan dakavSirebiTac 

moixseniebian, ramdenadac hirkania iwodeba kaspiad (Steph. Byz. levgetai kai; 

ïUrkaniva hJ Kaspiva). flakusi brZolis unaris garda, rogorc amas gadmo- 

gvcems elianusi (ïUrkanoi`~ kai; Mavgnhsin oiJ kuvne~ sunestratwuvonto, Ael. Hist. 

Anim. 7.38), poemaSi rTavs cnobasac imis Sesaxeb, rom maT patronebTan 

erTad marxaven; Sdr. ciceroni regia cum lucem posuerunt membra, probatum est / 

Hyrcanis adhobere canes (Cic. Tusc. 1.108 da Sic. 13.473 f.). heerenis Tanaxmad, fla- 

kusi inspirirebuli unda iyos vergiliusisgan, ramdenadac masTan cxenebi 

arian pativSi samoTxeSi (Verg. Aen. 6.657ff.), magram ufro sarwmunoa, ro- 

gorc vismani Tvlis, rom aq misi inspiraciis wyaroa pliniusi accenso regis Lysimachi rogo iniecit se flammae, similiterque Hieronis regis. 

hirkanielebi 216 – xalxi samxr. kaspiispireTSi, sadac Caedineba mdi- 

nare kirusi. naxsenebia senekasTan (quaenam ista regio est?...) an feris Hister / 

praebens Alanis, an subaeterna nive / hyrcana tellus an vagi passim Scythae (Sen.Thy.629-632, 

Sdr. aseve Verg.Aen.4.367, 7.605) da katulusTanac, sxvadasxva orientalur 

da miTiur qveynebs Soris: arabeTi, parTia, egvipte (Catul.11.5). senekas `me- 

deaSi~ (712) kavkasiasTan, arabeTTan da mediasTan kavSirSi. mogvianebiT 

gvxvdeba lukanusTan vastisque Hyrcania silvis (Luc.3.268; 114); lukreciusTan das- 

turdeba `hirkaniuli jiSis~ meomari ZaRli (Lucr.3.750). 

flakusTan aietis winaaRmdeg daZrul laSqarSi 2 hirkanieli sar- 

dalia moxseniebuli: kirisi (6.80) da vanusi (6.115); brZolis amsaxvel sce- 

nebSi moixseniebian hirkanieli Zmebi: medoresi (6.211) da gelasi (6.208), 

romelTa mamac saxelganTqmulia jiSiani cxenebiT. 

4.5. aRmosavluri warmomavlobis tomebi 


136

gangaridebi 217 (Gangaridai // Gandaridai) – induri tomi, romlebic md. 

gangesis napirebze cxovrobdnen (Gangaridum Calingarum, Plin. Nat. 6. 65), Sdr. 

vergiliusi solidoque elephanto / Gangaridum (Verg. G. 3. 26f.). maT aleqsandre 

didis laSqrobis Semdgom damoukidebeli saxelmwifo Camoayalibes (Curt. 

IX. 2. 1. Diod. II. 37). herodotosis mixedviT, „satagidebi, gandariebi, 

dadikebi da aparitebi meSvide satrapiaSi arian gaerTianebulni (Her. III 

91). megasTenesis Tanaxmad (Plin. n. h. VI 66), gangaridebis mefe flobs 60000 

jars, 1000 mxedars, 700 saomar spilos, rac sakmaod did samxedro Zalas 

warmoadgens. avgustusis dros maTi saxeli cnobilia romauli sazogado- 

ebisaTvis. igi gvxvdeba vergiliusTan (Verg. Georg. III 26f.) da, SesaZloa, 

swored misi gavleniT rTavs flakusi am toms Tavis „argonavtikaSi“ (6. 

67). 

aietis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi maT sardlobs datisi. Sraderi 218 

am saxelis niSandobliv koniunqturas gvTavazobs Dandaridum formiT, rac 

aliteracias qmnis datis da darapsis saxelebis gverdiT, Tumca 

flakusis gamomcemlebi forma `gangaridebs~ aniWeben upiratesobas. 

dandariebi // dandaridebi moixseniebian rogorc tacitusTan (regem Danda- 

ridarum exturpat, Ann. 12. 15. 1), aseve strabonTanac (11.2.11), plutarqosTan (Luc. 

16), maTi mixedviT, isini cxovrobdnen md. hipanisTan axlos, yirimis 

bosforosis maxloblad. 

drangebi 219 (Drangae) – aRm.-iranuli tomi drangianes regionSi, eti- 

mandrosis qvemo dinebasTan, areiasa da hedrosias, karmaniasa da araxo- 

sias Soris (Strab. XV, 2, 8; Plin. n. h. 6. 61, 94). maT qveyanas drangiane ewodeba 

(Diod. XVII 78. 81. 165. XVIII 3. 39) da drangene. ufro Zv. forma anlautSi z- 

TanxmovniT aris warmodgenili, rac herodotosTan Saravggai formiT 

gvxvdeba. berZ. istorikosis Tanaxmad (III 93) isini centraluri udabnos 

(sagartebi, Tamanebi) da karmaniis tomebTan (uitiebi, mikeebi da kunZulis 

mcxovreblebi) erTad meToTxmete satrapiaSi Sedian da 600 babilon. 

talants ixdian yovelwliurad. misive mixedviT (III 117), isini parTebis da 

hirkanielebis samx. mxareze cxovroben. 

217 Kiessling, Gandaridai, RE, VII. 1, 694-695; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 44-45. 

218 J. Schrader, Observationum liber, Franeker, 1761, 10. 

219 Tomaschek, Drangai, RE, V. 2, 1665-1667; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347. 

137

drangeebs kaspiadebTan erTad moixseniebs flakusi aietis wina- 

aRmdeg saomrad daZrul skviTebis laSqarSi (6. 106), isini uSualod 

ibrZvian kolxidaSi (6. 507). 

keseebi 220 (Cessaeae) –strabonis mixedviT (11. 13. 6, 16. 1. 17, Plin. n. h. 6. 

134, Diod. 17. 111), koseebi midiuri tomia. herodotosis Tanaxmad, merve sat- 

rapiaSi Sediodnen: suselebi da kisielebi (Her. III 91). SesaZloa Cissaeae 

formac, aq eyrdnobian melas da pliniusis cnobas, romelTa Tanaxmad, am 

toms ukavSireben kisebis Cissi (n. h. 6. 21) mTebs (Tomaschek, Cissii montes, RE, 

III. 2, 2590: kavkasosis Crd. ganStoeba), romelsac aigiveben kavkasosis 

mTebis Crd. ganStoebasTan an tomis saxelwodebasTan Cissianti (Mela 1. 13; 

Plin. n. h. 6. 35), romlebic kavkasosis mTebis Crd.-Si cxovrobdnen skviTebis 

mezoblad. 221 

mikeebi 222 (Mycaei) – savaraudod baqtriuli tomia. herodotosis Ta- 

naxmad, mecamete satrapiaSi Sediodnen: sarangiebi, Tamanelebi, utiebi, mi- 

keebi ... kaspiebi (Her. III 93). mikeebs keseebTan erTad moixseniebs flakusi 

(6. 129). isini Tmis surnelebas afrqveven (Sdr. aroni, romlis meomrebic 

aseve am niSniT gamoirCevian: 5. 590, 6. 524). am tomis saxels akavSireben 

baqtriul tomTan mikebTan. 223 ВДИ-is komentatori ki miiCnevs, rom 

SesaZloa am saxelis dakavSireba geogr. punqt meqlesosTan, romelic, 

ptolemaiosis (Geogr. V 9, 5) Tanaxmad, kolxidis Crd-Si mdebareobda 

(Geogr. V, 9, 6). 

oTxive SemTxvevaSi es tomebi pirvelad herodotosTan dasturdeba 

da aRsaniSnavia, rom maTi saxeldeba am ukanasknelTan sxvanairad JRers. 

isini romelime satrapiaSi Sedian da xSir SemTxvevaSi imiT xasiaTdebian, 

rom xarks ar uxdian sparseTs. amasTan dakavSirebiT unda moviyvanoT 

TviT herodotosis cnoba, romlis Tanaxmadac, rac ufro Rrmad Sevdi- 

varT samxreTidan kavkasiis qedis mimarTulebiT, miT ufro naklebad 

emorCileba mosaxleoba vinmes, Tavad sparseTis imperiasac ki. kolxebi 

maTi mezoblebiviT kavkasiis mTebamde, romlebamdec vrceldeba sparsel- 

220 Weissbach, Kossaioi, RE, XI. 2, 1499-1503; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 68. 

221 Sdr. Tomaschek, Cissianti, RE, III. 2, 2590: xalxi meotisTan amaZonebis maxloblad. 


223 A. Herrmann, Mykoi, RE, XVI. 1, 1029. 

138

Ta mmarTveloba, ar ixdian xarks da nebayoflobiTi saCuqrebiT ifargle- 

bian. kavkasiis CrdiloeTiT mcxovreb xalxebs ki araferi undaT icodnen 

sparselebisa (Herod. III, 97). rogorc Cans, flakusi Segnebulad arCevs am 

tomebs, garkveulwilad ucvlis maT saxels, raTa, albaT, garkveuli 

Seusabamoba ar Seqmniliyo herodotosis ìstoriaSi~ dadasturebul 

faqtebsa da mis mier gadmocemul informacias Soris. 

4.6. flakusis mier gamogonili tomebi 

balonitebi 224 (Balloniti) – maT flakusi skviTebis katalogSi asaxe- 

lebs mesielebisa da sarmatebis gverdiT, isini orive mxridan aTanabre- 

ben mokavSireTa razmebs (ibant et geminis aequantes cornibus alas / Balloniti, 6. 161). 

balonitebi, rogorc Cans, sarmati xalxia; mogvianebiT saxeli 

Bellonotus fiqsirdeba sidoniusTan Chunus, Neurus, Bastarna, Toringus tomebis 

aRmniSvnel saxelTa gverdiT (Sidon. Apoll. carm. VII 323). etimologias 

ukavSireben osur formativs balân, balwán `mtredi; Ria feris~, romelsac 

erTvis mravlobiTobis mawarmoebeli sufiqsi thä. 

kentorebi 225 (Centores) – flakusis Tanaxmad `saeWvo~ (dubius) kento- 

rebi da `SiSismomgvreli~ (dirus) xoaTrebi moiswrafian kolxidaSi (6. 151- 

154). maT surT oqros sawmisis xelSi Cagdeba. TavianTi jadoqrobiT SiSs 

hgvrian yovelives, Tayvans scemen RmerTebs da ZaluZT gazafxulze 

ayvavebis procesi SeaCeron, zamTarSi ki meotiss adnoben moqanave etle- 

bisaTvis, maTTan erTad moiswrafvis kolxidisken medeas jadoqrobis 

saxeliT dainteresebuli skviTi jadoqari koastesi. ВДИ-is komentatori 

kentorebs ukavSirebs md. kentritess 226 (Xen. Anab. IV, 3, 1), romelic evf- 

ratSi Caedineba; aseve arsebobs mosazreba saxelis kentavrebTan dakavSi- 

rebis Sesaxeb, romlis Semadgeneli vokali -a- Secvlilia mokle -o- 

xmovniT. 

xoaTrebis 227 (Choatrae) – saxeli ukavSirdeba tavrosis mTianeTis 

erT-erT saxelwodebas xoaTrass (Choatrae: Plin. V 98; Sol. 38, 12): pliniusi 

224 Tomaschek, Ballonoti, RE, II. 2, 2832; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 349. 

225 SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 349; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 75. 

226 Weissbach, Kentrites, RE, XI. 1, 181. 

227 Tomaschek, Choatrae, RE, III. 2, 2355; Weissbach, Choatras, RE, III. 2, 2355; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 349; H. J.W. 

Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 75. 

139

CamoTvlis maT Savi zRvis Crd.-das. tomebs Soris (n. h. VI 19). saxels 

awarmoeben aseve avest. formatividan khwāthra, rac `brwyinvalebas~ niSnavs 

da rac, SesaZloa, TovliT dafarul mTebis brwyinvalebaze miuTiTebdes. 

Sdr. aseve paraxoaTrasi, mTaTa sistema armeniis samxr.-das.-TiT (Strabo, XI, 

8, 1: amJ. ialbuzi). 

Cven zemoT warmovadgineT informacia kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 

30-mde sxvadasxva warmomavlobis tomis Sesaxeb, romelic aietisa da per- 

sesis konfliqtSia CarTuli. Cndeba kiTxva, ra ganapirobebs maT mimarT 

flakusis interess da ratom akavSirebs maT argonavtebis TqmulebasTan, 

ufro metic, raSi sWirdeba flakuss damatebiT kidev miTologiur tra- 

diciaSi da istoriul wyaroebSi ararsebuli tomebis gamogoneba. pasuxi 

erTi SeiZleba iyos. igi uaRresad aris inspirirebuli argonavtebis 

TqmulebiT da kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli informaciiT. xoaTrebisa da 

kentorebis da maTi sardlis koastesis siuJetSi CarTviT flakusi 

exmianeba Tqmulebis or ZiriTad simbolos: oqros sawmiss da medeas. arc 

koastesis saxeldebis semantikaa SemTxveviTi (berZn. kw'a" `sawmisi~). 

Tanadrouli miniSnebebi, romelsac valeriusi ukavSirebs mtrulad gan- 

wyobili tomebis aRweras, Tamami da ganzogadebuli xasiaTisaa, raTa 

argonavtebis brZola kolxidaSi flaviusTa dinastiis qmedebebTan 

daakavSiros. aseTi miniSnebebisaTvis poemaSi e. w. skviTebis katalogSi 

dasaxelebulia skviTi tomebi, ramdenadac romi am regionSi ax. w. I s-Si 

da gansakuTrebiT neronis periodSi oms awarmoebda, ise rom, katalogSi 

ramdenime istoriuli tomis moxseniebas mkiTxvelSi unda gamoewvia 

valeriusis Tanamedrove istoriis asociacia 228 . gansakuTrebiT aris gamo- 

yofili sarmatebi da mocemulia maTi zusti aRweriloba (6. 162. 231-238), 

rac tacitusis cnobebs (hist. 1. 79) exmaureba. es tomi flaviusTa epoqaSi 

ganmeorebiT SeiWra imperiaSi; aseve istoriul mimarTebas gviCveneben 

iazigebi, iseve rogorc bisaltebis legioni, romlebic flakusis poemaSi 

legio XII fulminata-s emblemas atareben, es legioni ki iudevelTa omSi 

228 Sdr. W. C. Summers, 1894, 55; R. Harmand, 1898, 15; R. Harmand, 1899, 38f.; R. Preiswerk, 1934, 433-435; 

E. Shreeves, 1979, 167-170. 

140

vespasianusis, xolo Semdgom titusis daqvemdebarebis qveS imyofebodnen 

(Sdr. Tac. hist. 5, 1; Joseph. bell. 5, 1, 6. 11, 4;) 229 . 

229 istoriuli mimarTebebisaTvis ix. Schenk, 1999; E. Shreeves, op. cit. 118-134. 

141

III. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis klasifikacia 

kavkasiisa da kavkasiuri tomebis Sesaxeb antikur wyaroebSi dadast- 

urebuli vrceli informacia, pirobiTad, SeiZleba or jgufad davyoT: 1. 

miTologiuri da 2. istoriuli. pirvel jgufSi unda moeqces is saxeebi 

da movlenebi, romlebic berZnuli miTologiuri qronologiis Tanaxmad, 

Zv. w. II aTaswleulze anu e. w. gmirTa epoqaze ufro gvian ar moiazrebian, 

meore jgufi ki moicavs informacias, romlis istoriuli realobac eWvs 

ar iwvevs. miuxedavad imisa, rom e. w. istoriuli informacia bevrad aRe- 

mateba Tavisi moculobiT (igulisxmeba personaJTa da movlenaTa simrav- 

le) miTologiurs, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi Tavisi popularobiT antikur 

samyaroSi ver uwevda konkurencias kavkasiasTan dakavSirebul cnobil 

miTologiur saxeebsa da movlenebs, rac ganpirobebulia, erTi mxriv, 

promeTes da, meore mxriv, argonavtebis Tqmulebis popularobiT, romle- 

bic gansakuTrebiT gamoirCevian rogorc damuSavebis intensivobiT, aseve 

personaJTa da movlenaTa raodenobiT. 

rogorc ukve mravalgzis aRvniSneT, valerius flakusi gamoirCeva 

argonavtebis Tqmulebis saintereso interpretaciiT, Cveni yuradReba 

gansakuTrebiT miiqca im faqtma, rom masTan kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 

mravali personaJi figurirebs. isini, SesaZloa, Semdeg kategoriebad dav- 

yoT: 1. miTologiur tradiciaSi cnobili personaJebi, sadac Tavis mxriv 

SeiZleba gamovyoT sami qvejgufi: a) aqtiurad moqmedi figurebi (medea da 

aieti); b) epizodurad moqmedi personaJebi (absirtusi) da g) figurebi, 

romlebsac, faqtobrivad, funqcia aqvT dakarguli (kirke, qalkiope, 

friqsusis vaJebi: argusi, frontisi, melasi, kitisorusi); 2. miTologiur 

tradiciaSi naklebad cnobili personaJebi (persesi, medeas deda, fasisi, 

kavkasusi); 3. saerTod ucnobi personaJebi (nimfa aia, medeas ZiZa henioxe, 

kimerieli misani kelenevsi, aietisa da persesis mokavSireebi, skviTebisa 

da kolxebis omSi monawile meomrebi). 

1. miTologiur tradiciaSi cnobili personaJebi 

daviwyoT miTologiur tradiciaSi cnobili personaJebiT, Tavda- 

pirvelad SevexoT aqtiurad moqmed figurebs' medeasa da aiets. valerius 

flakusma isini, SeiZleba iTqvas, axleburad warmogvidgina. rodesac 

142

vambobT àxleburad~, ZiriTadad vgulisxmobT imis aRniSvnas, rac maT 

apolonios rodoselis mier Seqmnili saxeebisagan ganasxvavebs, 

ramdenadac yvela flakusamdeli wyaros mocva am SemTxvevaSi Zalian 

Sors wagviyvanda. 230 

1.1. aqtiurad moqmedi figurebi 

medea 

darwmunebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom flakusis medea, romelsac, ra 

Tqma unda, bevri saerTo aqvs flakusis winamorbedebTan warmodgenil 

medeas figurebTan, aSkarad imdenad gamoirCeva Tavisi originalobiTa da 

TviTmyofadobiT, rom Tavisuflad SegviZlia vilaparakoT `flakusis 

medeaze~. 231 qvemoT SevexebiT ramdenime aspeqts, rac Cveni azriT, yvelaze 

arsebiTia flakusis xedvis gaazrebisaTvis: aris medea jadoqari Tu 

Seyvarebuli qali, iunosa da venusis intrigis msxverpli Tu neba- 

yoflobiT damnaSave, aris igi borotmoqmedi da ulmobeli barbarosi, 

romelic yvelaferze wava miznis misaRwevad Tu ubralod qali, romelic 

eswrafvis bednierebas. 

apolonios rodoseli medeas uSualod argonavtebis kolxidaSi 

Casvlis momentisaTvis gvacnobs, flakusi ki safuZvlianad amzadebs 

mkiTxvels medeasTan Sesaxvedrad poemis dasawyisidanve. saxelis aRni- 

Svnis gareSe pirvelsave wignSi moixseniebs mas rogorc regis...filia (1.61), 

aqve axdens misi demonuri Zalebis ilustracias 

... silet possessa dracone 

vellera, multifidas regis quem filia linguas 

vibrantem ex adytis cantu dapibusque vocabat 

et dabat externo liventia mella veneno (1.60-63) 232 

230 wyaroebis mimoxilvisaTvis Sdr.: P. Dräger, Argo pasimelousa. Der Argonautenmythos in der 

griechischen und römischen Literatur, Palingenesia 43, Stuttgart 1993; a. uruSaZe, Zveli kolxeTi 

argonavtebis TqmulebaSi, Tbilisi 1964; r. gordeziani, argonavtebi. berZnuli miTebis 

samyaro, Tbilisi 1999, 2007 2 . 

231 amas mowmobs is mravalricxovani gamokvlevac, romelic flakusiseuli medeas Sesaxeb 

Seiqmna: S. Wetzel, Die Gestalt der Medea bei Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1957; K. W. D. Hull, Medea in 

Valerius Flaccus's Argonautica, in: Proceedings of the Leeds Philos. and Lit. Society, Lit. and Rhet. Section 16, 1, 

1975, 1-25; T. Stover, Unexampled Exemplarity: Medea in the Argonautica of Valerius Flaccus, in: Transactions of 

the American Philological Association 141, 2011, 171-200. 

232 `da rom sawmiss iseTi Zlieri drakoni darajobs, romelsac mravladdayofili enebiT 

mosisines, jadosnuri galobiTa da nugbariT ixmobda siRrmidan mefis asuli da 

awvdida Tafls, Sezavebuls ucxouri SxamiT, ris gamoc mas molurjo feri dahkravda~. 

143

STabeWdilebas kidev ufro aZlierebs misan mopsusis winaswar- 

metyveleba, romelsac is argonavtebs gaandobs, aq miniSnebaa im ambebze, 

rasac medea korinTosSi moimoqmedebs, bunebrivia, evripides da senekas 

mcodne mkiTxveli swvdeba maT arss. 

...quaenam aligeris secat anguibus auras 

caede madens? quos ense ferit? miser, eripe parvos, 

Aesonide! cerno et thalamos ardere iugales! (1. 224-226) 233 

mkiTxveli imasac xvdeba, Tu ra safrTxe moelis peliass medeasgan, 

im epizodSi, sadac esoni natrobs, peliasi aResrulos jer kidev 

gaugonari saSineli sikvdiliT (1. 812-814). 

amdenad, pirveli STabeWdileba medeas Sesaxeb aseTia: igi aris de- 

monuri Zalebis mflobeli jadoqari, romelic SiSis zars scems yvelas. 

meoTxe wignSi iupiteri ukve gacxadebulad moixseniebs mas rogorc 

`damnaSave qalwuls~ impia ... / virgo: 

i, Furias Veneremque move, dabit impia poenas 

virgo nec Aeetae gemitus patiemur inultos (4. 13-14) 234 

mexuTe wignSi ki, sadac flakusi SesTxovs muzas, STaagonos kol- 

xidaSi datrialebuli ambebi, medeas uwodebs `saSinel da SiSismomgvrel 

qalwuls~ (foedera et horrenda), romlis winaSec SiSiT krTis argo foedera et 

horrenda trepidam sub virgine puppem (5. 220). 

rodis gvimxels flakusi SiSismomgvreli asulis saxels? mxolod 

da mxolod mas Semdeg, rac argonavtebi kolxidaSi Cadian. pirvelad 

friqsusi moixseniebs medeas Tavisi saxeliT. flakusis saintereso gamo- 

nagonia friqsusis winaswarmetyveleba, romlis Tanaxmadac, qalwuli ar 

unda darCes mamiseul sasaxleSi, aramed unda gaTxovdes imaze, visac 

moisurvebs (5.239-240). pirvelad aqvea pirdapir gacxadebuli medeas 

funqcia: igi hekates msaxuri qurumia da misi mfarvelobis qveS imyofeba. 

rodesac medea apirebs jadosnuri saSualeba gadasces iasons da tovebs 

233 `frTosani drakoniT vin arRvevs sivrceebs mkvlelobiT gaJRenTili? vis gangmiravs 

is xmliT? moaride mas bavSvebi, sabralo esonido, vxedav, rogor iwvis sapatarZlos 

Talamosi~. 

234 `wadi, furiebi aRZari da venusi. damnaSave qalwuli daisajos, samagiero miezRos 

aietis varamis gamo~. 

144

hekates Walas, samsaxovani RvTaeba mistiris mas da iasons emuqreba, rom 

mwared azRvevinebs msaxuri qalis motacebas (6.499-502). 

medea am winaswar gancxadebuli Tvisebebis ramdenadme kontrastu- 

li niSnebiT warmogvidgeba argonavtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis momentisa- 

Tvis; es Zlieri, uSiSari jadoqari erTianad damfrTxalia da SeSi- 

nebuli Ramiseuli sizmris gamo (5.335-347). diliT medea midis mdinaresTan 

avismomaswavebeli xilvisagan gansawmendad (horrendas lustrantia flumina noctes, 

332). sizmris Sinaarsi aseTia: 235 SeSinebuli medea modis hekates wminda 

Walidan, miiwevs mzrunveli mamis samyofelisken (pii...patris ora, 5.336), Tumca 

misgan uSvelebeli zRvis sivrce aSorebs, absirtusi cdilobs, daedevnos 

medeas, qalwuli xedavs mosalodneli sikvdilis winaSe SeSinebul bi- 

Webs, TviTonac damfrTxali, sisxlSia xelebgasvrili da cremlebi sdis. 

am sizmris meSveobiT flakusi Segvaxsenebs, Tu rogor ùrCxulTan~ 

(monstrum) gvaqvs saqme da paralelurad warmogvidgens damfrTxal qal- 

wuls, romelic ucxoelebis danaxvaze krTis da mxolod mas Semdeg 

mSviddeba, rodesac ZiZa henioxe awynarebs, momxvdurebi berZnebi ariano. 

swored am momentSi gamokveTs flakusi medeas realur statuss. aq, igi 

orjer (5. 373, 385) moixseniebs mas rogorc regina-s. 236 

rogoria medea iasonTan pirveli Sexvedrisas? es scena udavod 

homerosis cnobil pasaJs mogvagonebs òdiseadan~. aq medea gulubryvilo 

navsikaas ufro hgavs, vidre stigeuri xelovnebis codniT ganTqmul ja- 

doqars, igi isea dabneuli, rom verc ki bedavs, Tvali gausworos uc- 

xoels. flakusis Zveli komentatorebi aq, iseve rogorc sxva mraval 

SemTxvevaSi, Seusabamobas xedavdnen da miiCnevdnen, rom flakusi sakmaod 

araTanamimdevrulia. maT Soris erT-erTi komentatori f. memeli 

aRniSnavda Es fällt schwer, eine gerechte Ordnung hinter dem in den Argonautica 

dargestellten Geschehen zu entdecken. 237 memelis naSromi 1934 wels aris gamocemu- 

li, mas Semdeg mravali samecniero statia gamovida, romelTa avtorebi 

diametralurad gansxvavebuli azris arian. isini amtkiceben, rom 

flakusi medeas xasiaTis Strixebs mkacrad gansazRvruli gegmis mi- 

235 

es sizmari o{rama-s tips miekuTvneba, detaluri interpretaciisaTvis ix.: U. Gärtner, 

Träume bei Valerius Flaccus, Philologus 140, 1996, 300-302. 

236 

iasoni regina-s uwodebs iunos da ramdenimejer ase moixsenieba hifsipilec. 

237 F. Mehmel, Valerius Flaccus, Hamburg 1934, 95. 

145

xedviT warmogvidgens. Cvenc vfiqrobT, rom aseTi ambivalenturi Stri- 

xebi medeas xasiaTSi metad saintereso saxes qmnis, yovelive es imas emsa- 

xureba, rom ufro mZafrad aRviqvaT Seyvarebuli medeas grZnobebi. 

am patara intermecos Semdeg flakusi kvlav im xazs agrZelebs, rom 

medea, upirveles yovlisa, jadoqari da yvelaferze wamsvleli qalia, 

solis taZarze gamosaxuli erT-erTi suraTi swored amas cxadyofs; aq 

aRbeWdilia is ambebi, rac korinTosSi datrialdeba (5. 442-451); Sevni- 

SnavT, rom am suraTebis arsi Seucnobelia kolxebisaTvis da Tvals 

arideben mas, verc iasoni Cawvdeba maT arss darbazis daTvalierebisas. 

romaeli epikosi medeas saxis intensifikacias skviTebis katalogSic 

axdens. nusxaSi dasaxelebuli pirvelive sardali, anavsisi medeaTia 

dainteresebuli, mtrulad aris ganwyobili aietis mimarT, radgan mefe 

albanel stiruss Sehpirda medeas colad. medea aseve figurirebs kata- 

logis nusxaSi bolo sardlis, koastesis eqsponirebisas. koastess, ro- 

melic TviTonac jadoqaria, gansakuTrebiT ainteresebs kolxi qalwuli 

stigeuri xelovnebis codnis gamo. 

medeas saxis Strixebis gamosakveTad da kidev ufro meti 

intrigisaTvis valerius flakuss iseTi novaciebi Semoaqvs poemaSi, rac 

ucxo iyo elinisti mwerlisaTvis. poemis is nawili, romelzec Cven qve- 

moT SevaCerebT yuradRebas, kargad dawerili dramatuli scenariviT 

ikiTxeba. kerZod, rodesac situacia CixSi Sedis, kolxebi omSi did dana- 

kliss ganicdian da iasons safrTxe emuqreba, iuno gamosavals eZebs; igi 

xvdeba, rom medea aris erTaderTi, visac iasonis xsna SeuZlia. mxolod 

aietis asuli flobs magiur Zalebs da, rac mTavaria, amas emateba misi 

mzadyofna, ar SeuSindes borotmoqmedebas nullum mente nefas, nullos horrescere 

visus (6. 453). 

am mizniT poemaSi iasonis Semwe qalRmerTebi transformirebuli 

saxiT warmogvidgebian. aucilebeli gaxda ori Careva, medea saWiro ko- 

ndiciamde rom misuliyo. pirveli, roca iuno-qalkiope venusis qamars 

Semoartyams medeas (6. 668), rac sakmarisi ar aRmoCndeba, amitom saqmeSi 

TviT venusi-kirke erTveba. Sesabamisad, Tu apolonios rodoselTan 

qalkiope da kirke aqtiurad moqmedeben, aq isini funqcias moklebulni 

arian. ZiriTadi aqcenti qalRmerTebzea gadatanili. 

146

CvenTvis saintereso scenebis garda, aRsaniSnavia, rom venusi 

manamdec gvxvdeba transformirebuli saxiT, kerZod, igi miiRebs erT- 

erTi lemnoseli qalis, driopes saxes da ise aRagznebs lemnosel qa- 

lebs, daxocon TavianTi qmrebi. venusi orive SemTxvevaSi furiis fun- 

qciebs iTavsebs, misi atributikac amaze miuTiTebs. doroTe elmi, gani- 

xilavs ra venusisa da furiebis warmosaxvis tradicias, aRniSnavs: In den 

Argonautica wiederum sei das Wirken der Venus, der Juno und der Furien fast 

ununterscheidbar. 238 

axla ganvixiloT jer iunos da Semdeg venusis gardasaxvebi. aq 

medeas sxva kuTxiT davinaxavT: aris is qalRmerTebis intrigis 

msxverpli, Tu nebayoflobiT exmareba iasons, iZulebiT moqmedebs Tu 

damoukideblad. ramdenadac es pasaJebi detalurad aris gamokvleuli 

ulrix eiglerisa da atila ferencis SromebSi, aq mxolod ZiriTad 

momentebs gamovyofT. 239 

iunos gardasaxva – iuno / qalkiope (6. 439 – 7. 152) 

iuno mokavSireobas sTxovs venuss, miiRebs misgan sartyels da 

qalkioped gadaqceuli midis medeasTan, ixmobs mas qalaqis kedlebTan, 

sadac Cans, Tu rogor ibrZvian vaJkacebi (6. 477-487) 240 da swored am dros 

qalwuls sartyels Semoakravs welze. Tu manamde danakargs kolxebi da 

argonavtebi ganicdidnen, medeas gamoCenisas suraTi icvleba, warmateba 

axla maT mxarezea, iuno-qalkiope zrunavs imaze, rom iasoni uzado 

sardlad da meomrad warsdges kolxi qalwulis winaSe (6. 575 Smd.). Sesa- 

bamisad, ar aris gasakviri, rom iasoni umalve ipyrobs aietis asulis 

yuradRebas, iuno Zalas ar iSurebs esonidis keTilSobilebis, Zleva- 

mosilebis da simamacis warmosaCenad. iuno-qalkiope mxolod mas Semdeg 

tovebs medeas, roca miiCnevs, rom venusis sartyelis zemoqmedebiT sa- 

surveli mizani miRweulia. marTlac, medea qalkiopes wasvlis Semdegac 

238 D. Elm, Venus und die Tradition der Furiendarstellung, ROV, München, 1998, 256: `flakusis argonavtikaSi 

venusis, iunos da furiebis moqmedeba TiTqmis araviTar gansxvavebas ar gviCvenebs~. 

elmi Tavis mxriv imowmebs hardis, romelic askvnis, rom valerius flakusi Tavisi venusis 

koncefciis safuZvelze èneidis~ Sefarul analizs awarmoebs: valeriusi Seupirispirebs 

furors, romelsac èneidis~ meore nawilSi alekto iwvevs, siyvarulis 

vnebas, romlis mizezic venusia, ibid. 257. 

239 U. Eigler, Medea als Opfer – Die Götterintrige im VII. und VIII. Buch der Argonautica (VII 1 – VIII 67), ROV, 

Hildesheim, Zürich 1991, 155-172; A. Ferenczi, Medea – eine Heldin, ROV, München 1998, 337-346. 

240 dawvrilebiT iunos rolze flakusis eposSi ix.: W. Schubert, Socia Iuno. Zur Gestalt der 

Götterkönigin in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica, Hildesheim, Zürich 1991, 121-137. 

147

Ceba mSobliur kedlebTan da Tvals adevnebs brZolas, rac mas ukve 

imdenad aRar hgvris siamovnebas, radgan SiSi ipyrobs iasonis gamo. igi 

mxolod brZolis dasasrulisas brundeba sakuTar TalamosSi (6.753-4). 

venusis da iunos mizani SeiZleba miRweulad CaiTvalos, Tumca, 

rogorc mogvianebiT ganviTarebuli movlenebi mowmoben, saWiro gaxdeba 

kidev erTi ìntervencia~. 

marTalia, iasonis sityva, romelsac is warmoTqvams aietis mrisxane 

davalebis sapasuxod (7. 89-100), STabeWdilebas axdens medeaze da kidev 

ufro umZafrebs grZnobebs, Tumca mainc meryeobs, gadawyvetilebas ver 

iRebs (7. 101-152), ufro metic, egueba im azrs, rom iasoni samSobloSi 

unda dabrundes (7. 139). amdenad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom iuno am etapze ver 

axerxebs qurumi qalis gardaqmnas Seyvarebul qalad; realurad, albaT, 

jer arc arsebobs amisi motivacia, radgan am momentSi argonavtebs 

TviTon SeuZliaT gaumklavdnen safrTxes da medeas daxmareba am 

SemTxvevaSi naklebad sWirdebaT. iuno xedavs medeas meryeobas da axal 

fands mimarTavs. midis venusTan da sTxovs, gaumZafros kolx qalwuls 

grZnobebi, ise rom man dauyovnebliv, auRelveblad, civi gonebiT 

datovos mamiseuli saxli da nebismieri ubedurebisgan daicvas misi 

sayvareli iasoni (7. 159-170). 

mas Semdeg rac venusi medeas siaxloves aRmoCndeba, SeiZleba 

iTqvas, rom medeas sulier mdgomareobaSi axali faza iwyeba. Tu manamde 

medea sakuTar Tavs esaubreba da jer kidev SerCenia saRi goneba, 

realurad Seafasos situacia, venusis siaxloves aRmoCena mas sxva 

azrebs STaagonebs, misi warmosaxviTi Tanamosaubre axla iasonia (7. 198- 

209). am sityvaSi Cans misi umweoba; mas ar ZaluZs ramiT daexmaros iasons, 

sinanuls gamoTqvams imis gamo, rom iasons sZuls yvela da maT Soris 

medeac. Tumca Tavs imiT inugeSebs, rom, roca iasoni davalebis Sesru- 

lebisas aResruleba, misi sxeulis narCenebs moagrovebs da dakrZalavs. 

misi wminda movaleoba iqneba, siyvaruli gamoavlinos gmirisadmi da mis 

saflavze izrunos. venusis saqmeSi CarTvis Semdeg ki, medea ukve aSkarad 

aRar aris aseTi umweo; 241 igi yvelaferze wava iasonis dasaxmareblad. 

241 sainteresoa, rom venusi iRebs ara qalkiopes, aramed kirkes saxes. medea virtualur 

mimarTvaSi iasonisadmi axsenebs, rom igi ver ixilavs iasons sicocxlis bolos, radgan 

148

axla vnaxoT, Tu rogor icvleba medeas sulieri mdgomareoba 

venusis gamoCenis Sedegad 

venusis gardasaxva – venusi / kirke (7. 153-399) 

venusis uSualo Carevamde medea mainc axerxebs Tavis moTokvas. flakusi 

zedmiwevniT gadmogvcems aietis asulis sulier mdgomareobas mis 

monologSi: medea Seyvarebulia (amanti, 7. 3); igi akvirdeba sakuTar Tavs 

(pervigil), SeigrZnobs Tavis survils (volens), Tumca ver Seicnobs motivs 

(casu, errore): nunc ego quo casu vel quo sic pervigil usque / ipsa volens errore trahor? (7. 9-10). 

rogorc ki uaxlovdeba venusi-kirke medeas, mas sevda ipyrobs (maeret 197), 

gamudmebiT fiqrobs iasonze. medeaze venusis sityvebi mizanmimarTulad 

moqmedebs. venusi-kirke pirdapir saqmeze gadadis (7. 223-236); eubneba, rom 

medea aris misi mosvlis mizezi. mas bevri xelismTxovneli exveva gars, 

gadawyvetilebac swori unda miiRos. imisaTvis, rom medea advilad 

Seelios samSoblos, qalwuls mSobliuri mxaris datovebis mimarT Tavis 

damokidebulebas gaacnobs: `Sen samSoblos uwodeb, sadac dRe giTendeba 

(7.228-9), me ki araferi damrCenia aq, RmerTebi yvela cocxali 

arsebisaTvis samyaros yvela mxareSi saerToa~ (227-8). amis mere gadadis 

sakiTxze, sadac kolxebis da skviTebis uaryofiT mxareebze msjelobs: 

`me aq didxans ver davrCebi, mec maqvs ufleba da Senc, davtovoT 

daumorCilebeli kolxebi~ (non habiles...Colcos, 7.231). kontrastisaTvis 

aRuwers Tavis upiratesobas: àxla var pikusis coli, avsonieli mefis. 

iq ar maSinebs cecxlismfrqveveli xarebis veli. me var tuskiuri zRvis 

qalbatoni, Sen ki, sabralov, mxolod savromatebi gyavs xelis 

mTxovnelni. vai! vis mihyvebi, velur ibers? gelons, romlebic erT cols 

ar sjerdebian~. aq ar SeiZleba ar aRvniSnoT flakusiseuli ironia: 

rogorc viciT, arc kirkes mier naqebi iasoni dasjerda erT cols. 

venusi miznis misaRwevad ar erideba tyuils da medeas sxvaTa So- 

ris uyveba ambavs, rom masTan momavals gzad Sexvda sardali, anu iasoni, 

romelsac igi medeas msaxuri gogona egona da romelmac Semweoba iTxova 

iZulebulia mkacri dis gverdiT imyofebodes (7.201-202). albaT, amitomac iuno 

gadaifiqrebs, kvlav qalkiopes saxiT rom gamoecxados medeas da venusTan midis 

dasaxmareblad (7. 155). 

149

zRvaze mgzavrobis dros; mxolod medeaa misi xsnisa da gadarCenis 

erTaderTi imedi (7.257-283). 

aseTi sityvis Semdeg medea moralurad gatyda, is, rac akavebda 

nabijis gadasadgmelad, venusis `seansis~ Semdeg daZleuli aRmoCnda. 

medea daxmarebas sTxovs kirkes, gamoutydeba grZnobebSi (7.238-250). venusi 

bolomde masTanaa, vidre iasons ar Seaxvedrebs. magram miuxedavad amisa, 

aietis asuli mainc eniT aRuwerel tanjvas ganicdis, ise rom, 

gadawyvets, sawamlavi dalios, Tumca qalRmerTisave ZalisxmeviT, rode- 

sac am qveynisagan ganSorebis momenti daudgeba, sul sxvagvarad Sexedavs 

sicocxles. kidev erTxel gaiazrebs medea, rac SeiZleba mis moqmedebas 

mohyves Sedegad: aq gamokveTilia yvelaferi is, rac ase mniSvnelovania 

medeasTvis: axalgazrdoba, imis ver xilva, Tu rogor dakacdeba 

absirtusi, iasonis ususur mdgomareobaSi datoveba, radgan misi xsna 

medeazea damokidebuli (7.338-343). medea cvlis gadawyvetilebas, emorCile- 

ba xvedrs. misi survili iqneboda, iasons manamde SemTxveoda ubedureba, 

vidre aqamde mividoda saqme (344-346). medea mainc ver iRebs damouki- 

deblad saboloo gadawyvetilebas da isev venus-kirkes miandobs sakuTar 

beds: `Sen, rogorc ufross, giTmob da davyvebi Sens nebas rogorc 

umcrosi~ (347-349). Tumca, mas Semdeg, rac medea promeTes sisxlidan 

aRmocenebul yvavils moipovebs da iasonis dasaxmareblad miemarTeba ve- 

nusTan erTad, igi mainc grZnobs sindisis qenjnas, kidev erTxel surs 

dasturi miiRos venusisgan, rom sworad iqceva: `TviTon iasoni mTxovs, 

memudareba TviTon? ar aris es danaSauli, zians ar ayenebs wesierebas, 

ar gamkicxaven ucxo kacis nebas rom davyve?~ (7.385-388), _ ekiTxeba igi 

kirkes. 

h. Cidli SeniSnavs, rom medeas saqcieli, SesaZloa, SevafasoT ro- 

gorc nolens sequor àr msurs, magram vemorCielebi~ da kontrastisaTvis 

moixmobs apolonios rodosels, sadac medea damoukideblad moqmedebs. 

iq aietis asuli Tavs sixaruliT irTavs iasonTan Sesaxvedrad (III 828ff.), 

yvelafers TviTon gegmavs (890-911), momavalze arc ki fiqrobs (835ff.), 

TviTon marTavs etls (871), daufiqreblad gadascems iasons jadosnur 

saSualebas (1013ff.). Cidli daaskvnis, rom medea aris damnaSave da 

150

msxverpli erTdroulad (Sie ist Täter und Opfer zugleich). 242 amasve exmianeba ovi- 

diusis metamorfozebis medea Tavisi fraziT Video meliora proboque / deteriora 

sequor (7, 20f.) `rac kargia, vici, vadideb, cuds ki veswrafvi~. 

imisaTvis rom flakusis medeaze sruli STabeWdileba Segveqmnas, 

saWiroa detalurad ganvixiloT iasonisa da medeas Sexvedris scenebi. 

Tu maT sadialogo partiebs davukvirdebiT, aseTi suraTis mowmeni 

gavxdebiT: iasonis partiebi moicavs 36 striqons, medeasi _ 40 striqons. 

sityvebis Tanmimdevroba aseTia: saubars iwyebs iasoni 17 str. (413-430), 

amas mosdevs medeas sami sityva (437-449+452-55, 467-472, 477-487), iasonis 

meore sityva 18 str. (490-508), medeas mokle sityva 5 str. (516-521), iasonis 

1 striqoniani SekiTxva (529), medeas saboloo sityva 5 str. (532-537). amde- 

nad, am scenaSi maTi partiebis saerTo moculoba daaxloebiT erTnairia, 

Sesabamisad, dialogSi isini Tanabari xvedriTi wiliT warmogvidgebian. 

medeas Sexvedrisas surs, rom pirvelad saubari iasonma daiwyos, 

raTa Seityos, Tu ras sTavazobs iasoni da amis mixedviT aagos 

msjeloba. iasoni, romelic jer ar aris darwmunebuli medeas mzad- 

yofnaSi, daexmaros mas, sTxovs kolx asuls, mamamisiviT Seubralebeli 

nu iqneba. arwmunebs, rom igi udanaSauloa da daumsaxureblad isjeba 

aietis mier (415-418), Tan Seaxsenebs imas, rom aiets samsaxuri gauwia, rom 

xelidan gamoecala saukeTeso meomrebi, kanTusi da ifisi, am samsa- 

xurisaTvis aiets unda gaeSva mSvidobiT iasoni da sazRauri mieca 

misTvis, amis magivrad ki is axal davalebas aZlevs (422-427). aq iasoni 

qalwulis grZnobebze TamaSs iwyebs, jer ambobs `bolos da bolos, Sesa- 

Zloa mec movkvde~ (427-428), Tumca mere darwmunebiT dasZens: èrTi garda- 

uvalia: ar movkvdebi, arasodes waval aqedan sawmisis gareSe~ (428-429). 

iasonis mokrZalebuli Txovnis Semdeg, medea kvlav sircxvilis 

grZnobiT aris Sepyrobili, ar icis, riTi daiwyos, ra Tqvas: flakusi 

sakmaod ostaturad agebs medeas sityvas. aq naCvenebia medeas xasiaTis 

erTgvari gradacia morcxvi qalwulidan ucxoeliT moxibluli qalis 

mzadyofnamde, mas sakuTari sicocxle anacvalos. medeas partia ramde- 

nime nawilad viTardeba da ToToeul am nawils SegviZlia vuwodoT 

garkveuli nabiji iasonis keTilganwyobis an sapasuxo grZnobis mopo- 

242 H. J. Tschiedel, Medea – Zauberin und Liebende, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich 1991, 172. 

151

vebis gzaze. es nawilebi erTmaneTisagan gamoiyofa naratiuli CanarTebiT 

an iasonis am erTgvar monologSi CarTviT. SevecadoT, am TvalsazrisiT 

movaxdinoT medeas sityvis analizi da vnaxoT, Tu ra arsebiT 

gansxvavebas gviCvenebs igi apolonios rodoselTan dadasturebuli 

Sesabamisi scenisgan. 

437-449 striqonebi SeiZleba medeas sityvis erTgvar prooimionad 

gaviazroT, sadac aietis asuli iasons arwmunebs imaSi, rom igi mis ana- 

baraa darCenili: 

'quid, precor, in nostras venisti, Thessale, terras? 

unde mei spes ulla tibi tantosque petisti 

cur non ipse tua fretus virtute labores? 

nempe ego si patriis timuissem excedere tectis 

occideras, nempe hanc animam cras saeva manebant 

funera. Iuno ubi nunc, ubi nunc Tritonia virgo, 

sola tibi quoniam tantis in casibus adsum 

externae regina domus? miraris et ipse, 

credo, nec agnoscunt hae nunc Aeetida silvae. 

sed fatis sum victa tuis. cape munera supplex 

non mea teque iterum Pelias si perdere quaeret 

inque alios casus, alias mittet ad urbes, 

heu formae ne crede tuae!' 

452-455 am striqonebSi medea sTavazobs iasons absoluturad 

uperspeqtivo Sanss, sakuTari ZalebiT gadalaxos winaaRmdegobebi. da Tan 

gamoxatavs survils, rogorme aicilos Tavidan danaSaulze pasuxis- 

mgebloba. Tumca is, rom medeas pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan acdenis es cda 

aseve uperspeqtivoa, Cans bunebis movlenebis aRweriT, ris Semdegac medea 

ukve momzadebul balaxs gadascems iasons. da amas mosdevs misi 

racionaluri praqtikuli rCevebis Semcveli sityva (467-472): 

'nunc age et has' inquit 'cristas galeamque resume 

quam modo funerea tenuit Discordia dextra. 

hanc iace per medias, cum verteris aequora, messes. 

protinus in sese conversa furoribus ibit 

cuncta phalanx atque ipse fremens mirabitur et me 

152

espiciet fortasse pater.' 

mas Semdeg, rac mas aqvs xilva imisa, Tu ra moxdeba momavalSi, igi 

iasons mimarTavs sityvebiT, romlebSic ukve Cans mzadyofna, ucxoelis 

gulisTvis sakuTari sicocxle daTmos (477-487): 

'sis memor, oro, mei, contra memor ipsa manebo, 

crede, tui. quantum hinc aberis, dic quaeso, profundi? 

quod caeli spectabo latus? sed te quoque tangat 

cura mei quocumque loco, quoscumque per annos 

atque hunc te meminisse velis et nostra fateri 

munera, servatum pudeat nec virginis arte. 

ei mihi, cur nulli stringunt tua lumina fletus? 

an me mox merita morituram patris ab ira 

dissimulas? te regna tuae felicia gentis, 

te coniunx natique manent; ego prodita abibo 

nec queror et pro te lucem quoque laeta relinquam.' 

aq iasoni pirvelad erTveba dialogSi da misi sityvebi savsebiT 

logikurad exmianeba medeas mzadyofnas, Tavi gaswiros iasonis gu- 

lisTvis. iasons SeuZlia qalis gulis molboba mxolod imis dapirebiT, 

rom colad moiyvans (490-508): 

'tune' ait 'Aesoniden quicquam te velle relicta 

credis et ulla peti sine te loca? redde tyranno 

me potius, recipe ingratos atque exue cantus! 

quis mihi lucis amor? patriam cur amplius optem 

si non et genitor te primam amplectitur Aeson 

teque tuo longe fulgentem vellere gaudens 

spectat et ad primos procumbit Graecia fluctus? 

respice ad has voces et iam, precor, adnue, coniunx. 

per te, quae superis divisque potentior imis, 

perque haec, virgo, tuo redeuntia sidera nutu 

atque per has nostri iuro discriminis horas: 

umquam ego si meriti s noctis immemor huius, 

si te sceptra, domum, si te liquisse parentes 

senseris et me iam non haec promissa tuentem, 

153

tum me non tauros iuvet evasisse ferosque 

terrigenas, tum me tectis tua turbet in ipsis 

flamma tuaeque artes. nullus succurrere contra 

ingrato queat et siquid tu saevius istis 

adicias meque in medio terrore relinquas.' 

ZiriTadi gardatexa ukve momxdaria. medeam miiRo iasonisgan ga- 

rantia colad moyvanis Taobaze da amis Semdeg igi ukve ukonkretebs 

iasons imas, Tu ra dabrkolebebis gadalaxva elis win da Tu rogori 

SeiZleba iyos am procesSi medeas roli (516-521). 

'accipe perdomitis quae deinde pericula tauris 

et quis in Aeolio maneat te vellere custos. 

nondum cuncta tibi, fateor, promissa peregi. 

saevior ingenti Mavortis in arbore restat, 

crede, labor. quem--tanta utinam fiducia nostri 

sit mihi nocturnaeque Hecates-- nostrique vigoris.' 

drakonis Semzaravi xma axsenebs medeas, Tu ra aris yvelaze 

ukanaskneli da saSineli dabrkoleba oqros sawmisis mopovebis gzaze da 

Tavisi rCeviTa da ukanaskneli emociuri argumentaciiT, oRond iasonma 

SeZlos am dabrkolebis daZleva da mzad aris Tundac mokvdes medea, 

faqtobrivad, sabolood arwmunebs iasons imaSi, rom man Tavisi piroba 

Seasrulos. 

Cndeba kiTxva, Tu rogor unda aixsnas is, rom erTmaneTs enacvleba 

Seyvarebuli, SeSinebuli, TviTmkvlelobaze wamsvleli gogona da 

Zlevamosili, SiSismomgvreli jadoqari. rogorc h. Cidli miiCnevs, amas 

flakusi ganzrax akeTebs, raTa kontrasti metad SesagrZnobi iyos da 

rac SeiZleba gamomsaxvelobiTi iyos siyvarulis Zliereba, romelic 

yvelafers amarcxebs. TviT iseTi jadoqaric ki, romelic yvelas SiSs 

gvris, siyvarulis winaSe uZluria. Die reinigende und verwandelnde Kraft des Eros 

entkleidet Medea ihrer Dämonie, nimmt ihr alle bedrohliche Überlegenheit und reduziert sie auf 

154

loße Menschlichkeit. 243 amasve exmianeba hulis mosazreba: Erst in dieser 

Menschlichkeit kann Medea leiden und tragische Züge annehmen. 244 

qalRmerTebis Zalisxmevis miuxedavad, medeas ar tovebs imis 

gancda, sworad iqceva Tu ara. rodesac kolxididan midis, mas martoobis 

SegrZneba ipyrobs da ar asvenebs sinanulis grZnoba: ...quamquam Haemoniis 

cum regibus iret / sola tamen (8. 205-6) 245 . medeas Tvalebze aqvs afarebuli 

mosasxami cremlebis dasamalad ...in lumine palla / flebat adhuc (204-5). 

kidev erT garemoebaze gvinda gavamaxviloT yuradReba: medeas saRi 

azrovnebis unari rom ar daukargavs, amaze es faqtic metyvelebs: 

rogorc ki amCnevs iasonSi meryeobas, mas Tavdacvis instiqti karnaxobs, 

umalve miiRos zomebi. Tu apolonios rodoselTan medeas kolxebisaTvis 

gadacemis saqmes mefe alkinoosi wyvets, aq iasons uwevs gadawyvetilebis 

miReba. Sesabamisad, is aris erTaderTi, visac pasuxi SeiZleba mosTxovos 

medeam. iasoni Tavis mxriv, rTul situaciaSia: man, erTi mxriv, unda 

gaiTvaliswinos megzurebis (sociis, 404) azri da, meore mxriv, daicvas 

medeasTvis micemuli piroba. esonids sikvdili urCevnia Tavisi cxovrebis 

megzuris safrTxeSi Cagdebas (...mortemque cupit sociamque pericli / cogitat, 8. 403- 

4), magram erTi cxadia, rom man gadawyvetileba unda miiRos da ganaCeni 

gamoaqvs Tanamgzavrebis sasargeblod. aq xazi unda gavusvaT erT 

garemoebasac, apolonios rodoselisgan gansxvavebiT, rodesac iasoni 

gadawyvets, Tavisi ganaCeni auwyos miniebs, qariSxali wynardeba, anu 

argonavtebs SesaZlebloba miecemaT gaemgzavron, Sesabamisad, isini aRar 

gamoTqvamen medeas gamo ukmayofilebas da arc iasoni ar aris iZulebuli 

medeas sawinaaRmdegod imoqmedos. Tumca medeas Tvals araferi gamo- 

parvia (...ipsam interea quid restet amantem / ignorare sinunt decretaque tristia servant, 8. 406- 

407), qalwuli, romelic aqamde sircxvilis grZnobiT iyo savse, iviwyebs 

yvelafers da Seuracxyofili qalis poziciidan esaubreba iasons (8.415- 

444). aq igi laparakobs Selaxul Rirsebaze da rac mTavaria imaze, rom 

mas aqvs ufleba icodes, ra xdeba mis Tavs (...consultaque vestra / fas audire mihi, 

243 

H. J. Tschiedel, Medea – Zauberin und Liebende, ROV, Hildesheim, Zürich 1991, 218-219. 

244 

K. W. D. Hull, Medea in Valerius Flaccus's Argonautica, in: Proceedings of the Leeds Philos. and Lit. Society, 

Lit. and Rhet. Section 16, 1, 1975, 21. 

245 

`miuxedavad imisa, rom hemoniel sardlebTan erTan miemgzavreboda, mainc simartoves 

grZnobda~. 

155

418-9). medea iasonis Tavmoyvareobaze TamaSobs: mas moixseniebs rogorc 

yvelaze erTgul meuRles (fidissime coniunx, 8. 419), mouwodebs ar gatexos 

fici, radgan igi pasuxismgebelia ara megzurebis, aramed, upirveles 

yovlisa, mis winaSe (...scis te mihi certe, / non socios iurasse tuos, 422-3). Tu manamde 

medea imaze fiqrobda, rom iasons Tavi uxerxulad ar egrZno qalis mier 

gaweuli samsaxuris gamo, amjerad daundobelia da surs, maqsimalurad 

daamciros da Selaxos misi Rirseba: `SegaSina omma Cems ZmasTan, mamaCemis 

xomaldebma~ (427), `Tavs damarcxebulad grZnob, ufro Zlieri mtris 

safrTxeSi~ (428). da aq igi ukve gadadis Tavisi damsaxurebebis 

CamoTvlaze, raTa kidev ufro mZafrad Seagnebinos iasons, rom misi 

daxmarebis gareSe ver SeZlebda rTuli davalebebis Sesrulebas. medea 

sul ramdenime sityviT cxadyofs Tavis amJamindel damokidebulebas 

iasonisadmi, rom igi iseTi Zvirfasi aRar aris misTvis, rogorc adre 

...mene, optime quondam / Aesonide (8. 441-2). da mainc, medea TiTqos Tavs 

imarTlebs, gana samarTliani ar aris misi saqcieli, pasuxi mosTxovos 

iasons (...me ferre preces et supplicis ora / fas erat, 442-3). 246 swored es Strixi 

ganasxvavebs flakusis medeas apoloniseuli medeasgan. elinist poetTan 

kolxi asuli am momentSi ufro kategoriulia da mrisxane, flakusTan ki 

misi xasiaTis Strixebi, SeiZleba iTqvas, ufro reliefurad aris 

warmoCenili. 

calke unda ganvixiloT medeas aietisadmi damokidebuleba. kolxTa 

mefe rom medeaTi `spekulirebs~, cxadad Cans jer kidev mesame wignSi, 

sadac igi asuls colad hpirdeba yvelas, vinc mokavSireobas gauwevs 

Aeetes contra thalamis et virgine pacta / conciliat reges Scythicos primusque coacta (3. 495-6). 

medeas daukiTxavad gadawyvets, igi albanel ufliswuls miaTxovos. 

miuxedavad amisa, medeas mis mimarT krZalva da SiSi aqvs (8. 51-52); 

yovelTvis, roca ucxoelis daxmarebas gadawyvets, mamaze fiqrobs. 

sabediswero nabijis gadadgmis merec, igi mamas moixseniebs usazRvro 

mowiwebiT. Tavis gamosamSvidobebel sityvaSi igi mxolod mamas axsenebs: 

`rom momxveodi aTasjer ukanasknelad, mama aiet, maSin rodesac mivdivar, 

246 apolonios rodoselTan medeas gasakicxi sityva 35 striqons moicavs (IV 355-390); 

vidre iasoni medeasTvis arasakeTildReo gadawyvetilebas miiRebdes, kolxi qalwuli 

manamde gadadis ieriSze da kicxavs. igi afeqtur mdgomareobaSia, surs yvelaferi 

gadawvas da TviTonac cecxls misces Tavi. 

156

da genaxa Cemi cremlebi, damijere, mama, me is Senze metad ar miyvars, 

visac mivyvebi, de, male zRvis talRebSi davinTqe, Sen mSvidad da didi 

xniT imefe, axla, amas gTxov, ixare Seni sxva SvilebiT~ (8.10-15). imdenad 

didia mamis winaSe misi SiSi da krZalva, rom ukve meored gadawyvets 

sawamlavis miRebas (8.17-19). aseve aRsaniSnavia, rom maSinac ki, rodesac 

iasons gamkicxav sityvas eubneba, mxolod mamis reaqcia ainteresebs, 

mxolod misi rcxvenia: `mama aRar daijerebs, rom me Cemi danaSauli- 

saTvis visjebi da damokidebuli var~ (...haud hoc nunc genitor putat – aut dare 

poenas / iam sceleris dominumque pati? 8. 443-4). 

mas Semdeg, rac medea daexmareba iasons davalebebis SesrulebaSi, 

gadascems malamos da aswavlis, Tu rogor gaumklavdes miwidan 

aRmocenebul meomrebs, miaZinebs drakons da sawmiss gaatacebinebs 

iasons, aseT frazas warmoTqvams: ìmedia, yvelaferi Sevasrule, rac 

usamarTloa~ (omne nefas, iam, spero, peregi, 8. 108). gaTviTcnobierebulma 

mkiTxvelma icis, rom medea kidev sxva saSinelebebsac Caidens. am 

borotmoqmedebaTa Sesaxeb informacia ramdenime adgilas prolepsebis 

saxiT gvxvdeba poemaSi. Svilebis mkvlelobaze migviTiTebs medeas 

sizmari: mox stare paventes / viderat intenta pueros nece seque trementum / spargere caede 

manus et lumina rumpere fletu (5.338-340) ìs xedavda iqve idgnen biWebi 

SeSinebulebi mosalodneli sikvdilis winaSe, misi xelebi wabilwuli, 

radgan is klavs mocaxcaxeebs da Tvalebi cremlebiT evseba~; rodesac 

iasoni da medea k. pevkeze iqorwineben, mopsusi isurvebda, rom mas 

[medeas] Svilebi arasodes hyoloda (et tibi iam nullos optavit, barbara, natos, 8. 251). 

gvxvdeba aseve miniSnebebi kreusas xvedris Sesaxeb: k. pevkeze 

qorwilis dros venusi axladdaqorwinebulebs uZRvnis samoss oqros 

kantiT moqarguls da ormag gvirgvins, margalitebs, romelic ganku- 

Tvnilia sxva sapatarZlos alis mosadebad (ipsa suas illi croceo subtegmine vestes 

/ induit, ipsa suam duplicem Cytherea coronam / donat et arsuras alia cum virgine gemmas, 8. 

234-236). Sdr. aseve mopsusis misnoba, sadac korinTosSi momxdar ambebzea 

miSniSneba (1. 224-226). 

rac Seexeba absirtusis sikvdils, aris Tu ara es medeas kidev erTi 

nefas-i, amis Sesaxeb odnav qvemoT dawvrilebiT vilaparakebT. 

157

ogoria flakusis medea? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemaSi medeasTan 

dakavSirebuli Sedarebebi dagvexmareba: roca medea kedlebTan midis, igi 

TeTri SroSania, romelsac gazafxulis feri dakravs da xanmokle 

droiT xarobs da am mcire xnis ganamvlobaSi gansakuTrebulad hyvavis 

(6.492-495); venusis sartyelis Semokvris Semdeg, rodesac medea kvlav 

sakuTar TalamosSi brundeba, ganasaxierebs bakq qalebs Ramiseuli rok- 

visas. yvelaferze wamsvlel Tiadebs, romlebic RmerTTa gamosaxulebebs 

itaceben. msgavsad kolx qalwulsac araferi aRelvebda, rodesac 

Sinisken midioda berZenTa laSqris rigebSi da mSobliur razmebSi, igi 

mxolod iasonze zrunavda, mxolod mas xedavda, mis aRWurvilobas, mis 

saxes (6.755-60); medea venusis misvlamde Sedarebulia orestess, venusTan 

Sexvedris Semdeg ki penTevss, bakxusis mier gaSmagebuls, masac sul 

cota aklia, rom grZnobis morevma daimorCilos. 

apolonios rodoselis mier àrgonavtikis~ mesame wignSi 

warmodgenili medeas saxe udavod did STabeWdilebas axdens mkiTxvelze. 

flakusi, SeiZleba iTqvas, medeas xasiaTis Strixebs SedarebiT metad 

reliefurad xatavs, masTan es personaJi rTuli da mravalwaxnagovania, 

yvelaze metad TvalSisacemia misi ambivalenturi buneba: medea 

erTdroulad aris jadoqaric da Seyvarebuli qalic, intrigis 

msxverplic da borotmoqmedebaze wamsvlelic, stanjavs sircxvilis 

grZnobac da cnobismoyvareobac. yovelive es flakusTan ise ostaturad 

aris Sezavebuli, rom saqme gvaqvs udavod saintereso figurasTan da, 

SeiZleba iTqvas, iseve rogorc sxva rig SemTxvevebSi, Tavisi 

individualuri xedvis wyalobiT SeZlo sakuTari, winamorbedTagan 

gansxvavebuli medea warmoedgina CvenTvis. ase rom, vfiqrobT, Tamamad 

SeiZleba misi medeac apolonios rodoselis, evripides, senekas mier 

Seqmnili figurebis gverdiT davayenoT. 

aieti 

apolonios rodoselTan aietis sxva epiTetTa Soris intensivobiT 

gamoirCeva uJperhvnwr `zviadi~, ojloov~ `mrisxane~, uJperfialov~ `metismetad qed- 

158

maRali~. 247 aqcenti gakeTebulia ZiriTadad mis Zal-Ronesa da samefo 

Zlevamosilebaze. aseTia aieti flakusTanac, Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom 

mas kolxTa mefe, upirveles yovlisa, ainteresebs rogorc tirani. 

amaze isic metyvelebs, rom flakusi apoloniosisgan gansxvavebul 

motivacias uZebnis peliasis davalebas. peliasi aiets adanaSaulebs 

friqsusis mkvlelobaSi (1.43ff.), raTa Tavisi davalebis safuZvlianoba 

gaamarTlos. anu mkiTxvels Tavidanve sakmaod uaryofiTi damokidebuleba 

uCndeba aietis mimarT, miuxedavad imisa, rom mas realurad es danaSauli 

ar Caudenia. es rom tyuilia, solis sityvidanac Cans (1.520-524). aietma 

friqsusi ar uaryo, piriqiT, mmarTvelobac uwilada, qaliSvili miaTxova, 

axla berZeni modgmis SviliSvilebi hyavs da surs qaliSvilTa saqmroebi 

ucxo qveynidan, naTesaobrivi kavSiriT urTierToba gaamyaros. 248 

marTalia, aiets realurad ar mouklavs friqsusi, igi mxcovan asakSi 

gardaicvala kolxidaSi (5.224-225), Tumca isic ar unda dagvaviwydes, 

rodesac argonavtebis misvla mas saSinlad gaabrazebs, fiqrobs, 

umjobesi iyo saerTod ar mieRo friqsusi da kargi iqneboda, imTaviTve 

daRupuliyo zRvaSi, rogorc misi da hele. es yvelaferi mkiTxvelSi 

kvlav im ferus aiets axsenebs da misgan kargs arafers moelis. 

rogori mmarTvelia aieti? 

medea mamis Sesaxeb uambobs iasons, rom aieti solis taZarSi 

uxucesebis rCevebs ismens da xalxis Txovnebs Seismens rex feret, hic proceres 

audit populosque precantes / adloquiis facilis: praesens pater admonet aequi (5. 45-6). 

ramdenad Seesabameba medeas sityvebi realobas? ramdenad iTvaliswinebs 

mefe Tavisi xalxis da Tundac warCinebuli mamebis an misnebis Txovnasa 

da survilebs? 

aiets argonavtebis kolxidaSi misvlamde sizmarSi gamoecxadeba 

friqsusis aCrdili, romelmac mas gafrTxileba praecepta (5.263) misca: 

maSin daingreva Seni xelisufleba, roca oqros sawmiss gaitaceben. amis 

gamo medea, romelic hekates emsaxureba, unda colad una gayves xelis 

mTxovnels, romelsac moisurvebs, raTa asuli ar darCes mamiseul 

247 flakusTan misi epiTetebia: ferus (1.43), Soligenae (5.223), Sole satus (5.263), perfida...corda (5.289), 

infando ... tyranno (7.87); moixsenieba rogorc Skythici...nati (1.503), Aeaei...tyranni (5.547). 

248 Sdr. 5.233-235. 

159

samefoSi (5.234-240). meore mxriv, kolxi qurumis misnoba moiTxovs 

ubedurebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT damRupveli sawmisis gacemas, 

avismomtani sawmisis hemoniaSi gagzavnas (5.261-262). aieti am ori 

misnobidan irCevs friqsusis misnobas (5.263). aqedan aietma TavisTvis 

sasargeblo daskvna gamoitana: imisaTvis, rom Zalaufleba SeinarCunos, 

unda flobdes sawmiss. amitomac ugulebelyofs kolxi qurumis gafrTxi- 

lebas (5.264). misi naxevarZma persesi cdilobs, aieti daarwmunos, qveynis 

interesi daicvas da gasces oqros sawmisi. Zmebi ver Tanxmdebian. omi 

gardauvalia. 

aieti erTi SexedviT Wkviani mmarTvelia: omisTvis mokavSireebs 

krebs im pirobiT, rom medeas miaTxovebs Aeetes contra thalamis et virgine pacta / 

conciliat reges Scythicos primusque coacta (3. 495-6). TviTneburad iRebs gada- 

wyvetilebas, medea albanel stiruss miaTxovos. ar erideba tyuils da 

yvelaferze midis, argonavtebisagan rom miiRos daxmareba. miznis 

misaRwevad igi axerxebs Tavisi azrebis damalvas da argonavtebis mimarT 

mtruli damokidebulebis SeniRbvas; miuxedavad imisa, rom ar siamovnebs 

iasonis winadadeba oqros sawmisis daTmobaze, risxvas gulSi icxrobs, 

axerxebs damalos Tavisi ganwyobileba da miniebs megobrulad 

Seepasuxeba: `visurvebdi, aseTi Znelbedobis Jams ar mosuliyaviT CemTan, 

rodesac mteri axlos dabanakebula, Cems Zmas ganuzraxavs Cemi gana- 

dgureba da surs damamarcxos uricxvi jariT. aba, daicaviT jer Tqveni 

naTesavebis sacxovrisebi, Tavi gamoiCineT simamaciT, oqros sawmiss 

gadavcem gamarjvebuls, da ara mxolod sawmiss~ (5.534-541). 

miuxedavad winaswar miRebuli zomebisa, aietma realurad ver 

gaTvala, Tu saidan iyo safrTxe mosalodneli. aiets Tavisi qali- 

Svilebis imedi aqvs, darwmunebulia, rom medea drakons berZnebis 

dasaRupad warmarTavs (550); aseve aieti imedovnebs, rom iasoni ver 

gabedavs davalebis miRebas, mas hgonia, rom iasoni ukve gaemgzavra 

sawmisis gareSe (539-543). igi orive SemTxvevaSi cdeba. 

aieti verc erTxel iRebs swor gadawyvetilebas, tiranisaTvis 

damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi, mas xels uSlis iyos kargi mmarTveli. 

flakusi zedmiwevniT detalurad aRwers aietis sulier mdgomareobas 

160

afeqtis momentSi. eqstremalur situaciaSi misi reaqciebi yvela im niSan- 

Tvisebas avlens, rac tiranisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli. 

misi reaqcia Ramiseul gamocxadebaze aris naCqarevi da daufi- 

qrebeli: membra toris rapit ille tremens (5.244); aieti friqsusis misnobas iRebs 

mxdali guliT aegro corde (5.264); rodesac aieti Seityobs, rom mis 

winaaRmdeg laSqari ikribeba, gadmocemulia, Tu rogor wamoxta risxviT 

gaSmagebuli da Tavs daatyda uxucesebs (furens ira solio proripit alto / ... patres, 

5.268-269); misi solisadmi mimarTuli locva warmoaCens imas, rom 

devnilad grZnobs Tavs da rom safrTxe emuqreba: haec tibi fatorum, genoitor, 

tutela meorum, / omnituens tua nunc terris, tua lumina toto / sparge mari. seu nostra dolos 

molitur opertos / sive externa manus, primus mihi nuntius esto (5.246-249); misi 

egocentruli buneba Tavs iCens, roca aietma ugulebelyo kolxi misnis 

gafrTxileba da sakuTari Zalauflebis SenarCuneba arCia xalxis 

keTildReobas: nec vulgi cura tyranno / dum sua sit modo tuta salus (5.264-265). ìs, rom 

aiets surs mefobis SenarCuneba, bunebrivia da adamianuri, magram gzebi, 

romelTa meSveobiTac cdilobs amis ganxorcielebas, arahumanuria~, – 

miiCnevs T. baieri. 249 igi garSemo myofTa mimarT undoblobiT aris 

ganmsWvaluli da fiqrobs, rom xalxis sawinaaRmdegod mmarTveloba 

SesaZlebelia. SiSi aqvs rogorc Sinaur, ise sagareo mtrebis winaSe da 

amis gamo itanjeba. 250 misnobis miRebis Semdeg, marss evedreba, rom sawmisi 

daicvas: tu quoque, sacrata rutilant cui vellera quercu, / excubias, Gradive, tene. praesentia 

luco / arma tubaeque sonent, vox et tua noctibus extet (5.250-252) da sabrZolo yiJiniT 

SiSi mohgvaros garSemomyofT. Tu senekas gavixsenebT, iaraRis JRaruni 

tiranis erTaderTi Tavdacvis saSualebaa. aieti ar moqmedebs gaazre- 

bulad, aramed spontanurad iRebs gadawyvetilebas. aq igulisxmeba 

gadawyvetileba medeas stirusze gaTxovebis Sesaxeb, misnobis da 

avismomaswavebeli niSnebis ugulebelyofa. igi mrisxanea da advilad 

gamodis wyobidan. roca persesma misi gakritikeba scada, gacofebuli 

daesxa Tavs da ziani miayena mas: ille fures ira solio se proripit alto / praecipitatque 

patres ipsumque... ense petis (5.268-271). mas ipyrobs furor da ira. senekas mixedviT, 

249 dawvrilebiT ix.: Th. Baier, Ursache und Funktion des Krieges gegen Perses in den Argonautica des 

Valerius Flaccus: Ratis omnia vincet. Neue Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, München 

1998, 321-326. 

250 Sdr. Sen. De clementia (1, 11, 4-1. 12, 5). 

161

ira yvelaze saSineli da amasTanave saSiSi afeqtia. furor, ira, impietas 

RmerTebis mimarT, misnobis ugulebelyofa da tiranis maxasiaTebeli 

niSnebi samarTliani mmarTvelis absoluturad sawinaaRmdego saxes qmnis. 

aieti erTianad omze da Zaladobazea orientirebuli. swored 

daudevrobiTa da daufiqreblobiT, imiT, rom uars ambobs sawmisis 

gacemaze, Tavis Zmas samoqalaqo omis dawyebis sababs aZlevs. aieti ara 

naklebad aris gaSmagebuli, rodesac iasonma piroba Seasrula, skviTebis 

winaaRmdeg omSi daxmareba gauwia. imis magivrad, rom Seesrulebina 

micemuli sityva, pirobas arRvevs, uzomo risxviT aris aRsavse, rodesac 

argonavtebs kicxavs: (7.35-77) `sxva qveynidan xarT warmomavlobiT, gaqvT 

sakuTari sanapiroebi da samefoebi, ra sisulelem mogiyvanaT am 

sanapirosTan, gana me viyavi Tqveni megobrobis mizani? friqsus, Sen Cemi 

ubedurebis pirvelo mizezo, ratom dasaviT ar daiRupe zRvaSi. bednieri 

viqnebodi saerTod ar mcodnoda berZenTa saxelebi. pelias mefe? vin 

aris igi? Tesalia? ra saberZneTi? romel modgmas vxedav? an sad aris 

simplegadebi? ucxo movida skviTiis sanapirosTan! iasoni 50 devnilTan 

erTad, o sircxvilo, mas surs aziaSi SemoiWras, erTma gemma unda 

damcinos, romelic cdilobs, nadavli cocxal mefes wahgvaros?! ra unda, 

me TviTon unda mivarTva, Tavad unda gavukvalo Cemi tyeebi?!~ igi 

argonavtebs yaCaRebs uwodebs da ambobs, rom ar dauTmobs sawmiss, vidre 

sxva davalebas ar Seasrulebs iasoni. aq aieti tradiciiT cnobil 

davalebas aZlevs iasons. saSinlad Seuracxyofilia, rodesac iasoni 

elCad ugzavnis exions, raTa aietma moamzados cecxlismfrqveveli 

xarebi (vocor en ultro, 546). ukve aRarc malavs, rom ubedureba surs 

daatydes Tavs iasons da rom swadia, sawmisi misTvis sazareli iasonis 

sisxliT gaiJRinTos. 

flakusis SefasebiT, aieti imsaxurebs, rom motyuebuli da 

mitovebuli iyos. aietma rom borotad gamoiyena argonavtebis samsaxuri, 

amas cxadyofs flakusis SeniSvna: àietma boroteba Caidina, Tavdapir- 

velad keTili guliT miiRo kavSiri, mere umuxTla da sakuTari miznebis 

gansaxorcieleblad gamoiyena~ (6. 12-13). rodesac iuno da aTena 

argonavtebis kolxidaSi misvlisas bWoben, vis dauWiron mxari, iunos 

gadawyvetili aqvs aietis winaaRmdeg brZola, amas asabuTebs imiT, rom es 

162

mefe aris orguli da miniebs ar miscems sawmiss (scio perfida regis / corda 

quidem, nullos Mynyis exolvet honores, 5. 289-90). aietis kritikas Tavad flakusi 

axdens: ante dolos, ante infidi, tamen exequar astus / Soligenae falli meriti meritique relinqui 

(5.222-223). aiets axasiaTebs mzakvroba, orpiroba, cbiereba. mas uwodebs 

yalb mzis Svils infidi ... Soligenae (5.222-223), romelmac daimsaxura Ralati 

falli da mitoveba relinqui. 

flakusi movlenebs uswrebs da aietis xvedrze gviyveba, marTalia, 

igi skviTebisa da kolxebis omSi gamarjvebas moipovebs, Tumca rodi 

aRmoCndeba es gamarjveba xangrZlivi, mas sakuTari samefodan gaaZeveben 

(5.681-689). 

1.2. epizodurad moqmedi personaJebi 

absirtusi 

zogierTi wyaros mixedviT afsirtosi mcirewlovania, rodesac iasoni 

kolxidaSi Cadis (Ov. Met. VII 54); 251 zogierTis mixedviT, a. m., apolonios 

rodoselTan igi ukve ymawvilia da gancalkevebiT cxovrobs sakuTar 

sasaxleSi (III 241, Sdr. Aaseve (Orph. Arg. 397). apolonios rodoselTan 

afsirtosi marTavs mamis etls (III 1236, 1234f. IV 225, Sdr. Philostr. iun. 11) da 

meTaurobs argonavtebis mdevar kolxTa erT jgufs (IV 306, 314, 322, 399, 

422, 451). 

flakusTan igi pirvelad dasaxelebulia kolxidis samefo ojaxis 

aRwerisas. ufliswuli dgas aietis gverdiT, jer kidev ymawvili (primis ... 

in annis, 5.457), winaparTa Rirseuli STamomavali (dignus avo, 5.458). igi 

sardlobs kolxebs skviTebis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi. absirtusi 

ramdenime sityviT aris warmodgenili brZolis dawyebis win (6.171-172), 

omis mimdinareobisas misi aristiebi ar aris aRwerili. igi mamis saomar 

saWurvelSi dgas Tavisi amalis saTaveSi, mis gverdiT arian stirusi, 

albaneli ufliswuli da Zlevamosili sardlebi, aseve iasoni da 

berZenTa laSqari TviT aTenas TanxlebiT. 

251 Wernike,ÖApsyrtos, RE, II 1, 284. 

163

absirtusi aqtiuria im epizodSi, sadac mdevari kolxebis 

sardlobiT kunZul pevkes miadgeba. 252 misi TaosnobiT daedevnebian 

kolxebi argonavtebs da iTxoven oqros sawmisis ukan dabrunebas. 

realurad swored aq xdeba berZnebisa da kolxebis pirveli seriozuli 

dapirispireba, ramdenadac skviTebis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi kolxebi 

miniebis mxardamxar ibrZodnen. absirtuss Tan axlavs stirusi. orive 

maTgani Selaxuli Rirsebis aRdgenaze fiqrobs, Tumca, Tu stirusi mzad 

aris daibrunos medea da ar surs, esonids dauTmos igi, sxvagvaria 

absirtusis pozicia. absirtusi uzomo risxviT aris aRsavse, mas aranair 

kompromisze wasvla ar surs; arc sawmisi unda, arc das waiyvans, romc 

aCuqon, kavSiris dadebis aranairi imedi ar arsebobs. absirtusi ar 

miiRebs das (nec te / accipio, germana, datam... 8.270-271), radgan igi Sercxvenilia 

(o pudor, 269), misTvis sakmarisi ar aris mxolod 50 meniCbis da erTi 

xomaldis CaZirva. igi brZolaSi iwvevs mTel saberZneTs, mas surs, 

azRvevinos samagiero, cecxls misces mTeli saberZneTi (Graecia fallax / 

persequor atque tuis hunc quasso moenibus ignem, 275-6). igi darwmunebulia sakuTar 

ZalebSi, isini xom ricxviT gacilebiT aRematebian berZnebs, amitomac 

ganzrax sul imas usvams xazs, rom berZnebs mxolod erTi xomaldi hyavT 

(puppe (nefas) una, 267; unaque mersa / ... ratis, 274-5), maT ki mravali. 

tragikulia absirtusis xvedri am omSi, igi uZluria qalRmerTis 

winaSe, romelic iasons mfarvelobs. iunos mier gamowveuli grigalis 

gamo, gamouval situaciaSi imyofeba; masze aseve gamanadgureblad 

moqmedebs erTguli mokavSiris, stirusis daRupva. niSandoblivia, rom 

flakusi aq absirtuss da medeas msgavsi epiTetebiT moixseniebs, erTgva- 

ri paralelizmis meSveobiT igi cdilobs, kidev ufro mZafrad Sesa- 

grZnobi gaxados am da-Zmis tragikuli xvedri. ase magaliTad, stirusis 

sikvdilis Semdeg absirtusi saSinlad aris damwuxrebuli (...visu maeret 

defixus acerbo, 8. 369), medeasTan dakavSirebiT, mis dards flakusi swored 

am zmniT (maereo) gadmogvcems: solo maeret defecta cubili, 7. 116; maeret et absenti 

nequiquam talia fatur, 7. 197). rodesac absirtusi sasowarkveTilia, ar icis, ra 

iRonos, ambobs: heu quid agat? (8. 370). medeac, rodesac veRar poulobs 

252 Sdr. apolonios rodoseli. 

164

gamosavals, swored am sityvebs warmoTqvams: heu quid agat? videt externo se 

prodere patrem /dura viro ...(7.309-310). absirtusi iZulebulia, qariSxlis gamo 

uari Tqvas ieriSze da uazro SurisZiebaze (abscessit tandem vanaque recedit ab 

ira, 374), Tumca bolomde imeds mainc ar kargavs, elodeba xelsayrel 

moments, iqneb, kvlav mieces omis ganaxlebis saSualeba (impatiens pugnaque 

datur non ulla potestas, 381). medeac, iZulebulia xvedrs daemorCilos, radgan 

iunos surs, igi iasonis damxmare iyos (te ducente sequor, tua me, grandaeva, 

fatigant / consilia et monitis cedo minor, 7, 348-9). vfiqrobT, arc is unda iyos 

SemTxveviTi, rom orives flakusi infelix-s uwodebs. medeas Zmisadmi 

damokidebulebas odnav qvemoT kvlav mivubrundebiT. 

absirtusis mkvlelobasTan dakavSirebiT wyaroebSi sxvadasxva 

versia gvxvdeba. 253 yvelaze detalurad am moments apolonios rodoseli 

gadmogvcems da sakmaod vrcel adgils uTmobs am faqtis aRweras. 

sainteresoa, vin aris aq iniciatori. medea Tavis sityvaSi, sadac is 

kicxavs iasons (IV 355-390), kategoriulad sTxovs mas, daicvas piroba, 

romelic zevss-hikesiosis winaSe dado, muqarasac ar erideba. swored am 

sagangebo situaciaSi iasoni, romelic ZiriTadad ajmhcaniva-Ti aris 

Sepyrobili, erTpirovnulad iRebs gadawyvetilebas, romelic guli- 

sxmobs kolxebis meTauris gauvnebelyofas (IV 398-407). rogorc Cans, 

medeac Semzadebuli iyo aseTi winadadebisaTvis, radgan iasonis Tavzar- 

damcem SemoTavazebas yovelgvari meryeobis gareSe iziarebs, igi xom 

apolonios rodoselTan eqstremalur situaciaSi swrafi reagirebis 

unariT gamoirCeva: `saWiroa, Seuferebel saqmeT esec davurToT, raki 

imTaviTve Cavidine codva da RvTis boroti Segonebebi Sevasrule~ (411- 

413); `Tu es saqme mogwons, arc me dagiSli, mokali igi da kolxebTan 

brZolaSi Caebi~ (419-420). 

apoloniosi saguldagulod aRwers TviT mkvlelobis aqts (455-480). 

masTan am faqts mniSvnelovani motivacia aqvs: afsirtosis mkvleloba 

253 jer kidev yrma afsirtoss klaven aietis sasaxleSi (Soph. Kolchid. frg. 319; Eur. Med. 167. 

1334; Kall. frg. 411); medeas Tan mihyavs afsirtosi xomaldze, mas argonavtebi klaven, 

anawevreben da faziss miandoben aietis Sesayovneblad (Pherec. frg. 73); afsirtuss k. 

minervaze klavs iasoni (Hyg. fab. 23); medeas mzakvrobis Sedegad afsirtosi argonavtebis 

xelSi moxvdeba, mas klaven, da fasisSi agdeben (Orph. Arg. 1022ff.); afsirtosi kvdeba 

Sxamisgan (Leon Schol. Eur. Med. 167); dawvrilebiT ix. Wernike, Apsyrtos, RE, II 1, 285. 

165

ganarisxebs zevss (IV 557, 587, 737) da, Sesabamisad, argonavtebs mravali 

dabrkolebis gadalaxva mouwevT, vidre pagases navsadgurs miaRweven. 

aseve motivirebulia kirkesTan stumroba: medea da iasoni unda wavidnen 

kirkesTan, raTa ganiwmindon danaSaulisagan. 

ramdenadac flakusis àrgonavtika~ Cvenamde nakluli saxiT aris 

moRweuli, anu poema mTavrdeba medeas gasakicxi sityviT, rasac 

SeiZleboda mohyoloda absirtusis mkvlelobis epizodi, Znelia imis 

Tqma, hqonda Tu ara ganzraxuli flakuss saerTod absirtusis 

mkvlelobis scenis gadmocema. amdenad, am sakiTxze mxolod varaudis 

gamoTqma SegviZlia. absirtusis mosalodneli xvedris Sesaxeb flakusi 

mxolod ramdenime miniSnebas gvaZlevs. rodesac igi aRwers aietis samefo 

kars, iq absirtuss moixseniebs epiTetiT insons ùdanaSaulo~ dignus avo 

quemque insontem meliora manerent (5.458) ùdanaSaulos ukeTesi xvedri unda 

rgeboda~. SeiZleba vifiqroT, rom flakusis SeniSvna, romelic CarTulia 

iasonisa da medeas qorwinebis epizodSi `vin ifiqrebda, rom sakurT- 

xevelze sastikad sisxli daiRvreboda an kultmsaxurTagan romeli 

SeZlebda kidev amis gaxsenebas (quis modo tam saevos adytis fluxisse cruores / cogitet? 

aut ipsi qui iam meminere ministri? 8. 241-2), aseve absirtusis xvedrze 

migvaniSnebdes. 

gvrCeba STabeWdileba, rom flakuss surs, aaridos medeas Zmis 

mkvlelobis inicirebisa Tu ganxorcielebis saqme. medeas sizmarSi, sadac 

SeniRbulad aris laparaki imaze, rom medea moklavs sakuTar Svilebs, 

araferia miniSnebuli absirtusis mkvlelobaze. mxolod is aris aRniS- 

nuli, rom medeas daedevneba Zma pontus et ingenti circum stupefacta profundo /fratre 

tamen conante sequi (5.337-338). Cvens mier gamoTqmul Tvalsazriss aseve 

amyarebs is damokidebuleba, romelsac medea Zmis mimarT avlens: rodesac 

medea Tavis mokvlas gadawyvets, gaaxsendeba amqveyniuri siameni, Tavisi 

Zma absirtusi, igi Tavis Tavs eubneba: `gana ar gainteresebs, rogor 

davaJkacdeba Seni Zma~ (7. 340). rodesac saqme SeiZleba mivides Setakebamde 

iasonsa da absirtuss Soris, medeas sikvdili urCevnia imas, rom dauSvas 

an erTis an meoris sikvdili (8. 316-317). Tumca, Tu miTSi moqmedebis 

ganviTarebis logikidan amovalT, savaraudod, iasonisa da absirtusis 

Setakebas unda mohyoloda absirtusis sikvdili. aq ar SeiZleba ar 

166

gavixsenoT solis taZarSi gamosaxuli suraTebi, mdinaris RmerTisa da 

aias ambavi, romelic aSkarad iasonisa da medeas ambis alegoriaa; am 

scenas mosdevs faeTonis ambavi, romelic SesaZloa simbolurad 

absirtusis tragikul aRsasrulze migvaniSnebdes (5. 429-432). 254 

1.3. naklebad aqtiuri figurebi (kirke, qalkiope, friqsusis vaJebi: 

argusi, frontisi, melasi, kitisorusi) 

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, kirke uSualod moqmedebaSi ar figurirebs, 

mis saxes iRebs venusi da ise gamoecxadeba medeas (7.210-283). mas Tan aqvs 

Tavisi atributi jadosnuri kverTxi (magica...virga, 7. 212) da acvia 

moqarguli samosi (pictis / vestibus, 7.211-212). medea aRtacebulia kirkes 

naxviT. misi sityvidan vigebT, rom didi xania kirke iZulebiT wavida 

drakonSebmuli etliT samSoblodan (fuga, 7. 219). ramdenadac, flakusis 

àrgonavtikis~ bolo merve simRera Cvenamde nakluli saxiT aris 

moRweuli, Znelia darwmunebiT imisi Tqma, hqonda Tu ara ganzraxuli 

poets absirtusis mkvlelobis poemaSi CarTva, Sesabamisad, kirkes 

epizodis nawarmoebSi integrirebac am garemoebaze iqneboda 

damokidebuli. 

rac Seexeba qalkiopes, mis funqcias iuno iTavsebs da qalkioped 

gardasaxuli cdilobs medeas dayoliebas iasonis dasaxmareblad. medeas 

disadmi damokidebuleba Cans iasonisadmi mimarTvaSi 255 , sadac axsenebs, 

rom igi ver ixilavs esonidis ukanasknel bedisweras, radgan iZulebulia 

mkacri dis (durae...sorori) gverdiT imyofebodes (7.201-202). albaT, amitomac 

gadaifiqrebs iuno kvlav qalkiopes saxiT gamoecxados medeas da 

venusTan midis dasaxmareblad, raTa man amjerad kirkes saxiT moaxdinos 

qalwulze zemoqmedeba (7. 155). 

qalkiopesa da friqsusis vaJebic mxolod aietis samefo karis 

aRwerisas dasaxelebiT amowuraven TavianT funqcias. argonavtebTan 

maTTan Sexvedra xdeba kolxidaSi da isini iasonisa da miniebis saqmeSi 

araviTar monawileobas ar iReben. 

254 arc is unda iyos SemTxveviTi, rom apolonios rodoseli aietis Zes faeTons 

uwodebs kai; min Kovlcwn ui|e" ejpwnumivhn Faevqonta ƒ e[kleon `kolxTa Svilebi metsaxelad 

faeTons eZaxdnen~ (Arg. III 245-6). 

255 aq iasoni medeas warmosaxviTi Tanamosaubrea. 

167

TvalSisacemia erTi garemoeba, yvela zemoT dasaxelebuli 

personaJi sakmaod aqtiurad figurirebs apolonios rodoselTan, fla- 

kusTan maTi funqciebi, faqtobrivad, sxva moqmed personaJebzea 

gadanawilebuli. 

deda) 

2. naklebad cnobili personaJebi (persesi, fasisi, kavkasusi, medeas 

persesi 

persesi heliosisa da perseisis vaJia, aietis, kirkes da pasifaes Zma 

(Apollod. I 83. 147; Hyg. praef. 12, 12 Schm.). 256 dionisios skitobraqioni 

apolodorosisagan gansxvavebiT gadmogvcems, rom heliossa da perseiss 

mxolod ori vaJiSvili aieti da persesi yavdaT. persesi daqorwinda 

tavrosel qalwulze an adgilobriv nimfaze, romlisganac SeeZina hekate. 

hekate colad gahyva aiets da eyolaT Svilebi: kirke da medea (Schol. Apoll. 

Rhod.III 200. 476; Diod. IV 45, 1. 2; Etym. M. 515, 12). 257 

persesze arafers ambobs apolonios rodoseli, valerius flakusi 

ki piriqiT, mas did yuradRebas uTmobs. poemaSi igi aietis naxevarZmaa. 

dakavSirebulia kolxidaSi momxdar omTan. persesi erTaderTia, romelic 

aprotestebs aietis gadawyvetilebas, ar gasces sawmisi, amitom 

upirispirdeba mefes da saomar Zalebs krebs. omis dawyebamde persesi 

elCobas ugzavnis argonavtebs, uari Tqvan aietis mxardamWer omSi 

Cabmaze. elCobis misia miznad isaxavs, naTeli moefinos aietis veragobas. 

persesi xazs usvams mis upiratesobas: man iTxova pirvel rigSi sawmisis 

hemonielebisaTvis gadacema, swored es gaxda uTanxmoebis da aseTi 

sazareli omis dawyebis mizezi, amitomac umjobesia, masTan Sekran 

kavSiri an samSobloSi dabrundnen, radganac aietis dapireba ar aris 

sarwmuno. persesis argumenti sakmaod damajerebelia: miniebma ar unda 

iomon sxvisi neba-survilis gamo. amisaTvis xom ar gamouvliaT maT 

amxela gza. aqve exeba persesi moralur sakiTxs: ramdenad aqvT maT 

ufleba ibrZolon im xalxis [skviTebis] winaaRmdeg, visac ar icnoben da 

ar sZulT (6.16-26). 

256 persesi (Apollod. I 147, Diod. IV 45), persevsi (Etym. M. 515, 12 da Dionys. Scyt.). 

257 W. Peek, Perses, RE, XIX 1, 973-974. 

168

omSi warmateba Tavdapirvelad skviTebis mxareze iyo, Tumca mas 

Semdeg, rac iunom daiwyo moqmedeba argonavtebis dasaxmareblad, mdgo- 

mareoba Seicvala. miuxedavad imisa, rom qalRmerTebma persess aRuTqves 

Semweoba, omis dawyebamde SeTanxmdnen, rom aietis mxares daiWerdnen. 

garkveulwilad samarTliania persesis aRSfoTeba, romelsac is 

RmerTebis mimarT gamoTqvams da isRa darCenia, daelodos im dRes, 

rodesac iasons umuxTlebs aieti da ar Seusrulebs danapirebs (6.727-736). 

sasowarkveTili persesi brZolaSi Caebmeba da ar ascdeboda kidec 

gansacdeli, es rom palass ar SeemCnia. palasma icis, rom aietis taxti 

garkveuli droiT unda daikavos persesma, Tu misi mizeziT persesi 

daiRupeba, iupiterisgan ar acdeba gakicxva (6.741-744). iupiteris misno- 

bidan Cans, rom, roca Tesalielebi samSobloSi gaemgzavrebian, aiets 

persesi gandevnis (5.683-4). 

persesma mogvianebiT Tavis Zma aiets rom waarTva Zalaufleba da 

igi kolxidaSi kvlav dabrunebulma medeam mokla, amis Sesaxeb cnobas 

jer kidev apolodorosTan vxvdebiT (Apollod. I 147). higinusTan ki 

movlenebi Semdegnairad viTardeba (Hyg. fab. 27. 244): kolxidaSi dedis 

saZebnelad Camodis medosi (medeasa da egevsis vaJi), ambobs, rom kreonis 

mefis vaJi hipotesia. medeac, romelic mogvianebiT Camodis kolxidaSi, 

malavs vinaobas, TiTqos artemisis qurumia. rodesac gaigebs, rom 

hipotesia kolxidaSi Camosuli, gadawyvets, sazareli kreonis vaJis 

mkvlelobas da daarwmunebs persess, rom ucxoeli udavod medosis saxiT 

Camovidoda, raTa Suri eZia aietis gamo. amis gamo unda ezRo samagiero 

ucxoels. medea, roca Seicnobs sakuTar vaJs da mixvdeba, rom cdeboda, 

sTxovs persess, ufleba misces, daelaparakos ymawvils. amasobaSi 

gadascems mas xmals. medosi moklavs persess da memkvidreobad iRebs 

aietis samefos, romelsac amieridan Tavisi saxelis mixedviT medias 

uwodebs. nawilobriv misdevs flakusi apolodorossa da higinuss. 

iupiteris winaswarmetyvelebaSi gacxadebulia persesis xvedri. miuxeda- 

vad imisa, rom argonavtebis kolxididan gamgzavrebis Semdeg persesi 

igdebs xelSi samefo xelisuflebas, mogvianebiT samSobloSi mxcovan 

asakSi dabrunebuli aieti xdeba qveynis mmarTveli, amaSi mas qaliSvili 

da berZeni SviliSvili gauweven daxmarebas (5. 685-7). 

169

ar SeiZleba yuradReba ar mivaqcioT erT garemoebas, razec 

flakusi sxvaTa Soris migviTiTebs. persess surs, Tavi ise moaCvenos 

argonavtebs, rom Zalian Sestkiva guli qveynis bedis gamo da swored 

amitom upirispirdeba aiets, Tumca poemidan isic Cans, rom Zmebs erTma- 

neTTan manamdec daZabuli urTierToba hqondaT. persesi jer kidev maSin 

agrovebda saomar Zalebs Zmis winaaRmdeg, vidre aieti sabediswero gada- 

wyvetilebas miiRebda. orive Zma eswrafvis samefo xelisuflebas. persesi 

ki kicxavs qalRmerTebs, rom umtyunes da sabolood misi damarcxebiT 

damTavrda omi, Tumca iupiteris misnobidan cxadad Cans, rom ZaladobiT 

mopovebuli Zalaufleba xangrZlivi ver iqneba. 

kavkasusi 

flakusis mixedviT, kavkasusi kolxi mwyemsia. roca igi Cveulebisamebr 

mamiseul faras mwyemsavda, md. fasisis napirebTan Caisaxa Tidrusi; 

mSoblebi TavianT vaJs amis gamo `fasisis msaxurs~ uwodebdnen (6. 639-43); 

kavkasusis saxeli ukavSirdeba mTas, romelsac am mwyemsis mixedviT 

kavkasosi ewoda da am mTis eponimad moiazreboda, cnobas amis Sesaxeb 

plutarqosTan vxvdebiT, saxelis etimologiaze ufro dawvrilebiT 

momdevno TavSi vimsjelebT (Plut. fluv. 5, 3). 258 

fasisi 

fasisi mdinaris RmerTia. misi satrfoa kavkasieli nimfa aia. siyva- 

rulisgan gaxelebuli fasisi aias damorCilebas lamobs, darcxvenili 

qalwuli iltvis mSobliur mTebSi gaSmagebuli RvTaebisgan, SeSinebuli 

da Zal-Ronemixdili aia yris kaparWebs da mas sabolood fasisi 

imorCilebs Tavisi mZlavri talRebiT (5.425-428). flakusis mixedviT, 

fasisis da aias ambavi, sxva suraTebTan erTad, gamosaxuli iyo 

kolxidaSi solis taZarSi (5. 407-454). savaraudod, berZnuli warmomavlo- 

bis es miTi mxolod flakusTan figurirebs. saxeli fasisi ukavSirdeba 

kolxidis cnobili mdinaris saxels. igi rogorc Cans, am mdinaris 

eponimad gaiazreboda. 259 

258 Patsch, Caucasus mons, RE, III.2 1801. 

259 E. Diehl, Phasis, RE, XIX.2, 1886-1893; O. Lordkipahidze, Phasis. The River and the City in Colchis, 

Geographica Historica 15, Stuttgart 2000. 

170

medeas deda 

ra viciT medeas dedis Sesaxeb? yvelaze Zveli wyaro hesiode medeas 

dedas moixseniebs saxeliT ÆIduià (Hes. Teog. 958ff.), 260 dionisios skitob- 

raqioni ki hekates asaxelebs (Diod. IV 45). apolonios rodoselTan medeasa 

da afsirtoss sxvadasxva deda hyavT: afsirtosi `Sva kavkasielma nimfam 

asterodiam manam, sanam [aieti] kanonier colad daisvamda Tetisisa da 

okeanis umcros asuls idias~ (III 242-244). aietis kanonieri coli kouridivhn 

... a[koitin ki aris idiia, medeas deda. apoloniosi mas poemaSi orjer 

asaxelebs da orive SemTxvevaSi Tan axlavs aiets ejk dÆ aujth; Eijdui'a davmar 

kiven Aijhvtao (III 269). meti mis Sesaxeb araferi viciT. 

flakusTan medeas deda saxeliT ar moixsenieba. marTalia, igi 

poemaSi mxolod erTxel Cndeba, Tumca misi sityva uTuod STabeWdilebas 

axdens mkiTxvelze. aRsaniSnavia, rom flakusi did yuradRebas uTmobs 

ojaxuri urTierTobebis gadmocemas, gamonakliss arc medeas deda 

warmoadgens. sulisSemZvrelia scena, sadac mitovebuli deda emSvidobeba 

Svils da saSinlad ganicdis momxdar ambebs. igi dgas zRvasTan, 

gawvdili aqvs xelebi da mosTqvams. flakusi aRwers, rom masTan erTad 

tiris medeas da [qalkiope], mTeli kolxidis yvela sxva deda, qali da 

gogona (8. 141-2). miuxedavad amisa, amaT fonze kidev ufro mkafiod aris 

xazgasmuli medeas dedis simartove sityvebiT: extat sola (8. 143). 

ramdenadac misi sityva (8. 144-170), romelic 26 striqonisagan 

Sedgeba, kompoziciuri TvalsazrisiTac aris saintereso, dawvrilebiT 

gadmovcemT mas. 

Sesaval nawilSi deda sTxovs Svils, ukan dabrundes: amisTvis 

CamoTvlis ramdenime mizezs. pirveli da yvelaze mTavari: kolxidaSi 

imyofebian misi axloblebi: àq arian Senianebi~ (hic turba tuorum / omnis, 145- 

146); misi mama `mama aRar brazobs Senze~ (iratus nondum pater, 146); àq aris 

mSobliuri mxare (tellus, 146) da samefo taxti~ (sceptraque, 147); deda 

miuTiTebs Svils, imaze, rom sakuTar qveyanaSi igi aris mefis asuli, 

ucxo mxareSi ki ra adgili unda daiWiros man inaqosel qalwulebs 

260 msgavsad aseve: Apoll. Rhod. III 243; Lycophr. 1024; Apollod. I 9, 23, 5; Cic. nat. deor. III 48; Hyg. fab. 25; 

ix.: Lesky, Medeia, RE, XV 1, 30. 

171

Soris rogorc ucxom (barbara, 148), rogor endoba igi aqavelebs marto 

ucxo qveyanaSi, hpirdebian iq TavSesafars, elodeba igi qorwils? 

wamierad dedas sakiTar xvedrze fiqri ipyrobs da am momentSi 

medeas deda adamianur sisustes iCens, rodesac sakuTar Tavsac dastiris: 

`gana aseT siberes visurvebdi~ (150). 

savsebiT logikuria, rom amis Semdeg ubedurebis gamomwvevi mizezi 

– iasoni – axsendeba da ar erideba mis gakilvas: mzad aris gaanadguros 

iasoni da ukan daibrunos Svili (150-153) àlbanel ufliswuls unda 

moeyvana colad medea da ara mas, sacodavi misi mSoblebi, peliassac ar 

dauvalebia misTvis aseTi qurdoba, kolxebisaTvis moetacebina asulebi~. 

amis Semdeg naCvenebia, rom deda mzad aris, yvelaferi dauTmos 

ucxoels, oRond Svili daibrunos: `gqondes sawmisi da waiRe yvelaferi, 

rac Cvens taZrebSia~ (153-157). 

kargad SevigrZnobT dedis umweobas, igi am momentSi kargad 

iazrebs, rom marto iasoni ar aris ubedurebaTa mizezi, rom medeas nebis 

gareSe ver ver imoqmedebda ucxoeli, amitom gons moegeba da kvlav 

namdvil damnaSaves, medeas ubrundeba: `Tumca ras vadanaSauleb 

daumsaxurebeli sayvedurebiT viRacas~ (159-161), misTvis xom aravis 

dauZalebia gaqceva ìs TviTon iltvis~ (ipsa fugit, 159). 

Semdgom misi zrunvis obieqti kvlav uSualod medeaa (162-170), 

sagulisxmoa, rom aq medeas uwodebs infelix (160), rogorc odnav zemoT 

absirtusi moixsenieba (infelix frater, 136). deda aRwers Svilis grZnobebs da 

nanobs, rom Tavis droze ver miuxvda Svils, Tu rogor itanjeboda 

(...redeunt nam singula menti, 160). rogor warmoidgenda, rom gaqcevaze 

daTanxmdeboda medea (...talem paterere fugam, 167). deda Svilis saqciels 

afasebs rogorc nefas (159, 168) da yvelaze saintereso rac aris, rac 

medeas dedis mimarT simpaTiiT gangvawyobs: deda Svilis siyvarulis gamo 

mzad aris borotmoqmedebaSi masTan Tanaziari iyos, mzad aris gaiRos 

msxverpli Svilis bednierebis gamo (...commune fuisset / aut certe nunc omne nefas 

iremus et ambae / in quascumque vias? 167-169). 

medeas deda garkveulwilad alkimedes mogvagonebs. Cven esonisa da 

alkimedes SvilTan damokidebulebaze ukve dawvrilebiT vimsjeleT, aq 

mxolod ramdenime niSandobliv paralelze gavamaxvilebT yuradRebas. 

172

iasonis da argonavtebis gamgzavrebis Semdeg dedebis moTqma ismis, 

mamebis gulebi SeZrulia increscunt matrum gemitus et fortia languent / corda patrum, 

longis flentes amplexibus haerent (1. 315-316). maT fonze alkimedes xma yvelas 

aWarbebs vox tamen Alcimedes planctus supereminet omnis (317). saSineli tkivili da 

uzomo siyvarulia gadmocemuli iasonisadmi mimarTul sityvaSi (320-334), 

alkimede aris furens (318) deda, romelic garkveulwilad egoistia da ver 

egueba Svilis wasvlas. misi sicocxle maSin damTavrda, rodesac iasoni 

gaemgzavra ...sat caeli patiens, cum prima per altum / vella dedit (765-6). 

aqve gvaxsendeba peliasi, romelic miuxedavad Tavisi mrisxanebisa 

da tiraniisa, saTuTi grZnobebiT aRsavse mamaa, romelic uzomod 

ganicdis akastusis wasvlas, is xom iasonma daiyolia, gayoloda Soreul 

laSqrobaSi, raTa sxva mSoblebis msgavsad, peliasic datanjuliyo. 

uzomoa misi risxva saevit atrox Pelias (700). akastusis samyofelSi zRur- 

blzea ganrTxmuli da misi vaJis nakvalevs kocnis quin etiam in thalamis 

primoque in limine Acasti / fusus humo iuvenis gressus et inania signa / ore premit (709-711). 

SemZvrelia sityvebi, sadac uzomo tkivilia gadmocemuli (713-721). am 

momentSi mwifdeba misi gadawyvetileba, saSinlad gauswordes iasonis 

mamas, riTac esonids samagieros miuzRavs ...'sunt hic etiam tua vulnera, praedo, / 

sunt lacrimae carusque parens!'...(723-4). 

rogorc zemoTqmulidan Cans, medeas dedis sityva uaRresad sain- 

teresod warmogviCens am saxes da, meore mxriv, igi kompoziciuradac 

kravs poemas da eTanxmeba Cvens Tvalsazriss, romlis Tanaxmadac, 

flakusis àrgonavtika~ rva wignisagan unda yofiliyo Semdgari. pirvel 

wignSi gadmocemuli alkimedes iasonTan 261 da peliasis akastusTan 

ganSorebis scenebi garkveul struqturul msgavsebas gviCveneben merve 

wignSi warmodgenil ambebTan; Tu imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom medeas 

dedis figura arcerT flakusamdel da arc flakusis Semdgomdroindel 

wyaroSi ar figurirebs, flakusis mier Seqmnili saxe kidev ufro did 

mniSvnelobas iZens, riTac kidev erTxel SeiZleba xazi gaesvas mis 

miswrafebas, tradiciul miTSi Seitanos siaxle ara mxolod ama Tu im 

epizodis, aramed àxali~ personaJebis eqponirebis doneze. 

261 iasonis dedasTan dakavSirebiT ix.: P. Dräger, Iasons Mutter. Wandlung von einer griechischen 

Heroine zu einer römischen Matrona, Hermes 123, 1995, 470-89. 

173

3. miTologiuri tradiciisaTvis ucnobi personaJebi (nimfa aia, 

medeas ZiZa henioxe, aietisa da persesis mokavSireebi, skviTebisa da kol- 

xebis omSi monawile meomrebi). 

aRsaniSnavia, rom flakusTan miTologiuri tradiciiT sakmaod 

kargad cnobili personaJebis garda gvxvdeba axali personaJebi, 

romlebic pirvelad mxolod masTan dasturdebian. Tu elementarul 

statistikur dakvirvebas movaxdenT, erTi mxriv, apolonios rodoselis 

àrgonavtikaze~ da, meore mxriv, valerius flakusis eposze, aRmoCndeba, 

rom apolonios rodoselTan daaxloebiT kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli 23 

personaJi gvxvdeba, valerius flakusTan ki 110-mde, romelTagan 79 

figura aietisa da persesis omis epizodSia CarTuli. 262 gansxvaveba 

sakmaod TvalsaCinoa. Cndeba kiTxva: vin arian es personaJebi da riTi 

aris ganpirobebuli maTi aseTi masStaburi gaCena valerius flakusTan. 

Cven ukve dawvrilebiT vimsjeleT skviTebisa da kolxebis omis 

funqciasa da arsze; Zmebs Soris momxdari omi, romelic naklebad iyo 

damuSavebuli berZnul wyaroebSi, flakusma ostaturad daukavSira 

kolxidaSi ganviTarebul ambebTan; am omis winare istoriisa da 

msvlelobis gadmocemas, rogorc zemoT ukve vnaxeT, sakmaod didi 

adgili eTmoba masTan. aSkarad TvalSi sacemia, rom flakusi poemis 

dasawyisisTanave axdens omis Temis intensifikacias, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 

pirveli striqonebidanve saTanadod amzadebs mkiTxvelSi Sesabamis 

ganwyobas: dawyebuli argos suraTebis aRweriT, sadac lapiTebisa da 

kentavrebis brZolaa asaxuli, lemnoseli qalebis mier mamakacebze 

angariSsworebis detaluri aRweriT, kizikusis Ramis Serkinebisa da 

saSineli xocva-Jletis ilustrirebiT, damTavrebuli kolxidis omis 

peripetiebis gadmocemiT. bunebrivia, am àxali~ siuJetebisaTvis flakuss 

dasWirdeboda, gamoegonebina axali personaJebi, romelTac e. w. fsevdo- 

miTologiuri SegviZlia vuwodoT. maTi umravlesoba, rogorc ukve 

aRiniSna, aietisa da persesis omSi aris CarTuli da am movlenasTan 

dakavSirebiT eqsponirebuli. 

262 calke jgufad unda gamoiyos is personaJebi, romlebic uSualod omTan ar arian 

dakavSirebulni: a. m., kolxi nimfa aia (5.424), medeas ZiZa henioxe (5.357), nimfebi – sinope 

(5.109) da pevke (8.256) da a.S. 

174

flakusi mowinaaRmdege mxareTa eqsponirebas gansxvavebulad axdens; 

igi, bunebrivia, omis yvela monawileze ar amaxvilebs yuradRebas, gansa- 

kuTrebiT gamohyofs ramdenime sardals, rogorc aietis, aseve persesis 

laSqridan; kolxebis laSqars absirtusi sardlobs; sul aietis 

mxardamWerTa Soris saxeliT moxseniebulia 32 meomari 263 , romelTagan 2 

albanelia, 5 amaZoni, 7 mokavSire, romelTa warmomavlobac ucnobia, 1 

parTeli da 17 kolxi. amas emateba dasaxmareblad mzadmyofi argonavtTa 

laSqari. 

aietis mxardamWerTa Soris flakusi gansakuTrebiT gamoarCevs mis 

7 mokavSires, 264 romlebic jer kidev mexuTe wignSi, samefo karis 

aRwerisas arian dasaxelebulni da aietis nadimze eqsponirebulni (5.567- 

614), rac homerosis e. w. `teiqoskopias~ mogvagonebs. 265 warmodgenilia 7 

sardali motique ad proelia reges: 266 karmeiusi, aroni, kampesusi, odrusa, 

iaqsartesi, latagusi, xoaspesi. 267 aRsaniSnavia, rom arc erTTan dakavSi- 

rebiT flakusi ar azustebs maT warmomavlobas. mxolod garegnuli 

niSnebiTa da pirovnuli TvisebebiT warmogvidgens TiToeul maTgans. 

bunebrivia, isini saomrad arian Camosulni kolxidaSi, amitom 

TvalSisacemia maTi saerTo saomari ganwyobileba: karmeiusi dRe-niadag 

sagmiro saqmeebze fiqrobs da mudmiv saomar mzadyofnaSia, mouTmenlad 

eswrafvis omis dawyebas (5.578-580; 582-584). iaqsartesi imdenad Tavdajere- 

bulia Tavis ZlevamosilebaSi, rom TviT RmerTebisac ki ar eSinia. aieti 

mas amarTlebs, radgan igi yovelTvis asrulebs micemul sityvas da ume- 

tesad saomari saqmeebiT aris dakavebuli. misi SiSiT ZrZwian getebi, 

medebi, mTeli iberia (5.596-604). aronTan dakavSirebiT flakusi xazs 

usvams mis simdidres, Tavze zrunvis moments: aroni mdidaria da Wreli 

263 

am SemTxvevaSi gvainteresebs kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebi da ar 

vgulisxmobT argonavtebsac, romlebic, bunebrivia, aseve aietis mxareze ibrZvian. 

264 

Sdr. J. Adamietz, 1976, 79-80; E. Lüthje, 1971, 231-232; J. E. Shelton, 1971, 320-322; E. Shreeves, 1979, 

162f. 

265 

Sdr. Hom. Il. 3.161ff. gansxvaveba is aris, rom aieti da nadimze miwveuli iasoni 

aTvaliereben TavianT da ara mowinaaRmdegis mokavSireebs. 

266 

flakusi aseTi TanamimdevrobiT warmogvidgens aietis mxares: Tavdapirvelad 

dasaxelebulni arian argonavtebi [iasoni, eakusis vaJebi: pelevsi da telamoni da 

kalidonis vaJebi: tidevsi da meleagrusi], Semdgom damxmare sardlebi da bolos 

amaZonebi [maTi meTauri evriale]. 

267 

sainteresoa teilor-brijsis dakvirveba, am sardlebis saxelebi TavianTi 

Tanamimdevrobis mixedviT (karmeiusi, aroni, kampesusi, odrusa, iaqsartesi) qmnian 

akrostiqs cacoi (kakoiv) (P.R. Taylor-Briggs, Valerius' Flavian Argonautica. CQ 44, 1994, 212-35). 

175

suraTebiT moqarguli mosasxamiT ipyrobs mnaxvelTa yuradRebas. misi 

meomrebi zafranis surnels afrqveven da mowesrigebuli varcxnilobiT 

gamoirCevian (5.590-592), maT xuWuWa Tma aqvT. aroni amasTanave ubadlo 

meomaria, absirtusis mxardamxar ibrZvis da mas ar Camouvardeba 

simamaciT (6.524). kampesusi vefxvis tyaviT aris mosili (5.593), rac, 

savaraudod, imaze miuTiTebs, rom is, albaT, ubadlo monadirea. odrusa 

sxva mokavSireTa Soris Tmiani gul-mkerdiTa da xSiri wveriT gamoirCeva, 

aseve iqcevs yuradRebas Rvinis siyvaruliT, rasac iasoni gancvifrebaSi 

mohyavs (5.593-595). latagusi (5.584) da xoaspesi (5.584-586) aRfrTovanebis 

Rirsni arian. xoaspesi moixsenieba epiTetiT `mdinaris Sobili~ amnigena, 

rac, SesaZloa, mis RvTiur warmomavlobaze miuTiTebdes. 268 roca aieti 

iasons am mokavSires warudgens, igi Tavisi saomari cxenis sisxls 

Seeqceva, Tumca cxeni amis gamo sulac ar uZlurdeba da kvlavac 

mkvircxlad miaWenebs xolme Tavis mxedars; aqve ar SeiZleba ar 

aRiniSnos, rom iasonis mSoblebi xaris sisxlis SesmiT iklaven Tavs, 

xoaspess ki cxenis sisxli verafers aklebs, rac mis uCveulo 

gamZleobaze metyvelebs. 269 

zemoT Tqmuli rom SevajamoT, miviRebT tipuri kavkasielis 

ganzogadebul suraTs: meomari, monadire, mkacri pirobebis amtani, Rvinis 

moyvaruli; garegnuli Strixebi: TmaxuWuWa (herodotosis miniSneba 

egviptur warmomavlobaze) da WarbTmiani. vfiqrobT, rom flakusi swored 

amitom ar miiCnevs saWirod, uSualod gansazRvros maTi warmomavloba, 

aramed am personaJebis saxiT kavkasielTa ganzogadebul tips gvTavazobs. 

eTnikuri warmomavlobis dazustebis gareSec mkiTxvels mSvenivrad 

eqmneba warmodgena kolxebis mezoblebis Sesaxeb. 

persesis laSqari ufro STambeWdavia, aq flakusi intensiurad 

amaxvilebs yuradRebas maT mravalricxovnebaze: persesis mxareze 

warmodgenilia 47 saxeldebuli meomari, romelTagan 1 kimerielia, 1 

iazigi, 1 geti, 2 iberieli, 4 hirkanieli da 38 skviTi. amaTgan 18 eqsponi- 

rebulia omis dasawyisSi persesis dasaxmareblad daZrul laSqarSi e. w. 

`skviTebis katalogSi~ (6.42-170). 

268 Sdr. fasisi (5.425-428), Tidrusi (6.639). 

269 cnoba am Cveulebis Sesaxeb sxva antikur avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 

176

vidre flakusi skviTebsa da kolxebs Soris gamarTul omis 

aRweraze gadavidodes, mas win umZRvarebs skviTebis katalogs 270 , sadac 

igi calkeul sardals da xalxs CamoTvlis, romelTagan nawili 

brZolis scenebSic aris eqsponirebuli, nawili ki oden katalogSi 

moxsenieba. 271 katalogis Seqmnisas valeriusi garkveulwilad homeross (Il. 

2. 494-779 e. w. xomaldTa katalogi) 272 da vergiliuss (Aen. 6. 37-40; Aen. 7. 

643-817) mihyveba, Tumca misi katalogi udavod imaze miuTiTebs, rom 

katalogis formirebis procesSi poeti axerxebs vergiliusiseuli da 

homerosiseuli stilisa da mxatvruli xerxebis Serwymas. vergiliusi 

italebis katalogis warmodgeniT miznad isaxavs, aqcenti Zveli 

italiidan Tanamedroveobaze gadaitanos. valeriuss vergiliusisagan 

gansxvavebuli midgoma aqvs. miuxedavad imisa, rom igi flaviusTa 

saimperatoro kars akavSirebs miTosTan, romis imperias, romaelebis 

eqspansias britaneTze, okeanis daZlevas da vespasianes militaristul 

qmedebebs adarebs argonavtebis mier sazRvao gzis gaxsnas da maT saomar 

qmedebebs, 273 SeiZleba iTqvas, rom tipologiuri kavSiri miTossa da 

Tanadroulobas Soris, rogorc es èneidaSia~ laciumis omis meSveobiT 

warmodgenili, flakusTan ar dasturdeba. 274 flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ 

skviTebi warmoadgenen aziis wamyvan Zalas, romlebic aietis momxre 

argonavtebis winaaRmdeg ibrZvian da, amdenad, isini upirispirdebian 

saberZneTs, anu aRmosavleTi upirispirdeba dasavleTs. 

270 epikur katalogebTan dakavSirebiT lukanusamde ix.: J. Gaßner, Kataloge im römischen Epos. 

Vergil - Ovid - Lucan, Diss. München, Augsburg 1972, 5-24, 159-162; lukanusis katalogTan 

dakavSirebiT ix.: L. Eckhardt, Exkurse und Ekphraseis bei Lucan, Diss. Heidelberg 1936, 26-29; W. 

Kühlmann, Katalog und Erzählung. Studien zu Konstanz und Wandel einer literarischen Form in der antiken Epik, 

Diss. Freiburg/Br. 1973, 166f. 239f. 

271 katalogis mizani ZiriTadad emsaxureba imas, rom warmoadginos calkeuli gmiri, 

romelic Semdeg brZolaSi iqneba eqsponirebuli. skviTebis katalogSi dasaxelebuli 

gmirebisagan da xalxebisagan brZolebSi kvlav gvxvdebian: anavsisi (6.42-47; 265-278), 

kolaqsesi (48-59; 621-656), avxusi (60-64; 619f.), sienesi (74-78; 703-705), falkesi (88-94; 245; 

553f.), ariasmenusi (103-105; 386-426), drangebi (106-113; 507f.), iberielebi (120f.; 507f.), iazigebi 

anu gesanderi (122-128; 279-385), eqsomatebi (143-149; 569), sarmatebi (162; 231-264). 

272 r. gordeziani, ìliada~ da egeosuri mosaxleobis istoriisa da eTnogenezis 

sakiTxebi, Tbilisi 1970, 10-87: homerosidan moyolebuli epikuri tradiciis Tanaxmad 

katalogSi moxsenebuli yvela gmiri ar aris SemdgomSi kvlav eqsponirebuli da 

piriqiT. 

273 P. Schenk, 1999, 183. 

274 P. Schenk, 1999, 184. 

177

saWirod migvaCnia, gansakuTrebiT SevaCeroT yuradReba katalogis 

struqturaze. katalogs aerTianebs ori Tema: oqros sawmisi da medea. aq 

CamoTvlili arian mniSvnelovani gmirebi, romelTagan nawili omis 

scenebSic aris eqsponirebuli, aseve mravali Crdilo-kavkasieli tomi da, 

rig SemTxvevaSi, maTi adaT-wesebi; sayuradReboa is faqti, rom am wes- 

CveulebaTa umetesobas, romlebic wyaroebSi am regionSi mcxovreb sxva 

tomebTan dakavSirebiT dasturdeba, flakusi skviTebs usadagebs. rogorc 

detaluri analizi cxadyofs, poeti katalogis formirebisas gverds 

uvlis vergiliusis princips da ufro metad mogvagonebs lukanuss, 

romelic cdilobs, garkveuli wesrigi Seitanos meomarTa Tvaluwvdenel 

simravleSi (Luc. 1. 392-465, 3. 169-297), amas, rogorc Cven qvemoT vnaxavT, 

axerxebs flakusic skviTebis katalogSi, sadac aSkarad SeiniSneba 

struqturuli dayofis elementebi. 

kompoziciuri analizi gviCvenebs, rom skviTebis katalogi sam 

Tanabar monakveTad aris dayofili. striqonebis moculoba samsave 

monakveTSi daaxloebiT Tanabaria. 275 am TvalsazrisiT katalogis samsave 

monakveTSi gansxvavebuli suraTi gvaqvs: katalogis pirvel nawilSi wina 

planzea wamoweuli (6. 42-80) calkeuli gmiri Tu sardali. isini an marto 

midian saomrad (6. 68f.) an romelime tomTan erTad 276 ; meore nawilSi 

eqsponirebulia sxvadasxva tomi, zog SemTxvevaSi maTi meTauris 

TanxlebiT (6. 80-121). aq ufro metad gvxvdeba am tomebTan dakavSirebuli 

eTnografiuli Tu geografiuli informacia; 277 katalogis mesame nawili 

kvlav sxva suraTs gviCvenebs: flakusi koncentracias axdens xalxebis 

warmodgenaze, romelTa CamoTvlas igi, upirveles yovlisa, eTnogra- 

275 

pirveli monakveTi (6.42-80) 38 striqons Seadgens, meore (6. 80-121) – 42 striqons da 

mesame (6. 121-162) – aseve 42 striqons. 

276 

es aris warmodgenili zmnebiT: miserat (6.42), ostentat (61), movet (70), expulit (79), aseve ductor 

(48), quem circum (66), cum gente (74); zmnebis funqciisaTvis katalogSi Sdr. W. Kühlmann, 1973, 

304. 

277 

6.80-87: warmodgenilia xuTi tomi; 6.88-94: falkesi – koralebi; 6.95-98: batarnebi – 

tevtagonusi; 6.99-103: xalxebi, romlebic alaZonTan saxloben; 6.103-105: ariasmenusi, 

romelic ganzrax aris Casmuli am segmentis centralur nawilSi; 6.106-113: drangebi da 

kaspiadebi; 6.114-119: vanusi, hirkanielebi da indebi; 6.120f.: iberiis xalxebi otakesis da 

latrisis meTaurobiT; Sesabamisad aris ganawilebuli zmnebic: expulit (6.79), agit (6.88), 

duce (6.97), ferentem (6.104), ducit (6.114) da agunt (6.121) miemarTeba monakveTs, sadac xalxi 

warmodgenilia sardliT. gamonaTqvamebi, romlebic damoukidebel moqmedebas gviCveneben, 

miemarTeba xalxebs: traxere (6.81), linquitur (6.84), ruunt (6.86), ferit (6.99) da insequitur (6.106). 

geografiuli da eTnografiuli cnobebi warmodgenilia Semdgom striqonebSi: 6.81-83, 85, 

90-94, 100f. 107-113. dawvrilebiT ix.: P. Schenk, 1999. 

178

fiuli cnobebiT avrcobs (6. 121-162). Sesabamisad, katalogis dama- 

srulebel nawilSi ZiriTadi aqcenti gadatanilia ama Tu im xalxis 

daxasiaTebaze. 278 monakveTebis gamosayofad flakusi iSveliebs specialur 

zmnebs, kavSirebs da nawilakebs striqonis dasawyisSi. 279 

axla ufro detalurad: skviTebis katalogis dasawyiss flakusi 

gansakuTrebiT gamohyofs. 

anavsisi (6.42-47) pirveli sardalia, romelsac flakusi gamoTqmiT 

iam pridem (6.43) drois TvalsazrisiTac wamyvan rols akisrebs; 

Semdeg dasaxelebulia kolaqsesi, romelsac Tan axlavs bisaltebis 

legioni (proxima); kolaqsesis SemTxvevaSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia mis 

RvTiur warmomavlobaze. igi iupiterisa da horas Svilia, romelic mwvane 

mirakes da tibisusis axlos iSva (6.48-59). aq mniSvnelovania erTi 

garemoeba: miuxedavad imisa, rom TviT iupiteria kolaqsesis mama, igi 

mainc umweoa, aaridos Tavis Zes sikvdili (6.621ff.). 

rigiT mesame (6.60-64) adgilze saxeldeba avxusi kimerielebTan 

erTad (tertius). avxusis Sesaxeb is viciT, rom is qurumia. 

darapsi da datisi, konteqstidan gamomdinare, SesaZloa mama-Svilad 

gaviazroT. 280 darapsi sparselebTan brZolebSi miRebuli WrilobebiT 

itanjeba da amitom kolxidaSi saomrad agzavnis datiss (6. 65-66), Tumca, 

mogvianebiT TviTonac iRebs monawileobas omSi. datiss Tan axlavs 

brZolis JiniT anTebuli gangaridebi da meomrebi, romlebic gerusTan 

(md. skviTiaSi) da bikesis tbasTan saxloben. 

amis Semdeg flakusi CamoTvlis sam sardals (anqsuri, sidoni, 

radalusi); maT SemTxvevaSi igi ar gamokveTs individualur Strixebs. 

278 Sdr. eruis (6.131), doctus...spargere et adducere (132f.), iungit (143), secuti (143), ibant (160). pirveli 

segmentisgan gansxvavebiT (42-80) reducirebulia viRacis moqmedebaSi moyvanis zmnebi. 

zmnebi impulit (150) da sollicitat (156) ar Seesabameba monacemebs, ramdenadac kentorebs da 

xoaTrebs amoZravebT velleris ardor (150) da koastesi medeas jadoqrobiT aris motivirebuli 

(156f.). poetis gamosvliT (135: silebo) warmoCenilia Tirsagetebis gansakuTrebuli 

mdgomareoba, rac bakxusis CarTviT aris gaZlierebuli, Tumca mas aq ar aqvs uSualod 

am omTan kavSiri, oden moixsenieba miTologiur eqskursSi, rac exmianeba iupiteris 

apostrofs (1.565-567). 

279 Sdr. Arg. 6. 42: miserat; 68: non defuit; 74: movit et; 84: linquitur; 106: insequitur; 114: ducit; 143: iungit; 150: 

impulit; 160: ibant; 48: proxima; 60: tertius; 79: quin et; 88: hos super; 95: ast ubi; 99: nec procul; 103: te; 129: hic 

et; 134: non ego. 

280 motivi roca mama omSi agzavnis Svils Sdr. vergiliusi (Aen.2.87) da piriqiT, roca 

misani mama cdilobs omSi daifaros Tavisi vaJi (Aen.10.417). es motivi flakusTanac 

gvxvdeba: misani akvitesi cdilobs mZime xvedri aaridos Tavis vaJs kirnuss (Arg.6. 294- 

316). 

179

erTaderTi informacia, rasac poeti gvawvdis, aris is, rom sidoni da 

radalusi Zmebi arian. maT momaval xvedrzec arafers ambobs avtori. 

am informaciuli simwiris fonze, flakuss Semohyavs erT-erTi 

skviTi sardali, romelsac friqsuss arqmevs. flakusi gangeb irCevs am 

saxels, raTa gamoafxizlos mkiTxveli da am saxelis aqtivaciiT 

moagonos mas oqros sawmisi da mTavari motivi, risTvisac imarTeba omi. 

aq mas Semoaqvs kidev erTi atributi: akesinel mebrZolebs, romelTac 

friqsusi meTaurobs, maRal Wolokze aRmarTuli priala bewviani da 

oqrosrqebiani furis 281 gamosaxuleba miuZRvis win. fur-iremi naRvliania, 

radgan ver axerxebs kvlav mrisxane dianas WalaSi dabrunebas. aq 

alegoriulad miniSnebaa imaze, rom oqros sawmisi didxans ver darCeba 

marsis WalaSi, flakusi kvlav im avbediT misnobas Segvaxsenebs omine 

fatidicae ...cervae (6.70), romelsac mexuTe wignSi warmosTqvams friqsusis 

aCrdili. 

friqsusi mecxre sardalia katalogSi da amis Semdeg valeriusi 

kidev 9 sardlis eqsponirebas axdens. aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom katalogSi 

moxseniebuli bolo anu 18-e sardali koastesi, iseve rogorc pirveli, 

swored medeasTan aris dakavSirebuli. koastesi, romelic kolxidaSi 

xoaTrebTan da kentorebTan erTad moiswrafvis. koastesi medeaTi aris 

dainteresebuli (6. 155-7). aSkarad niSandoblivia am personaJis saxelis 

semantikac, SesaZloa flakusi mas awarmoebdes berZnuli formativisgan 

kw'a" `sawmisi~; Sesabamisad, kvlav am ori simbolos: medeas da sawmisis 

xsenebiT flakusi kompoziciuradac kravs da amTlianebs katalogs. 

rac Seexeba danarCen sardlebs, sienesi hileel mebrZolebTan 

erTad aris warmodgenili. is ori ramiT iqcevs yuradRebas: persesi mas 

TviTon aRazevebs saomrad, aCvenebs ra aietisgan miyenebul Wrilobebs. am 

sardals piradi motivi ki ar amoZravebs brZolaSi Casabmelad, aramed 

humanuri. aseve sagulisxmoa, rom igi sastikad uswordeba omSi parTel 

elCs (6. 703), romelic medeas erT-erTi xelismTxovnelia (6.691-694). 

281 fur-iremi, rogorc dianas atributi, homerosidan moyolebuli farTod aris 

dadasturebuli (Hom. Od. VI, 102), magram es tradicia da masTan dakavSirebuli miTic, 

razec flakusi migvaniSnebs, savaraudod, misi gamogonili unda iyos; Sdr. (Plut. Sert. 11). 

180

hirkanielebis sardali kirisi (6. 80) yuradRebas iqcevs Tavisi 

warmomavlobiT. epiTetiT Titanius flakusi xazs usvams mis RvTiur 

warmomavlobas. 

rac Seexeba falkess, igi katalogSi oden dasaxelebiT amowuravs 

misias, Tumca mogvianebiT batalur scenebSi kvlav gvxvdeba. sagulisxmoa, 

rom mas brZolis velze eolidi friqsusis vaJi, argusi Camoagdebs 

cxenidan (6.554). 

tevtagonusi meTaurobs batarnebs, romlebic SeiaraRebulni arian 

daumuSavebeli saqonlis tyavis farebiTa da Tanabarzomieri maxvilebiT. 

gamoTqmiT in se trahit Aea batarnas (6.96) flakusi kvlav gvaxsenebs Zmebs Soris 

amtydar oms. 

ariasmenusTan dakavSirebiT win aris wamoweuli ori faqtori: 1. 

poeti uSualod mimarTavs mas (6.103) da 2. moxseniebulia misi sabrZolo 

namglebiani etli (6.104f.). umamacesi meomari palasis Carevis Sedegad 

sakuTari etlidan gadmovardnili kvdeba (6.423-426). 

vanusi hirkanieli wminda misani da aedia. skviTiis sami Taoba 

ismenda misgan ambebs minielTa da argos xomaldis Sesaxeb. misi rCevebiT 

sargeblobdnen indoelebi, asbWiani Tebes da mTeli panqaias mkvidrni (6. 

115-119). am personaJiT flakusi kvlav aaqtiurebs Tavisi poemis mTavar 

motivs. 

amis Semdeg flakuss Semohyavs ori sardali latrisi da otakesi, 

romlebic arc katalogSi gamoirCevian da arc Semdgom brZolebSi arian 

eqsponirebulni. mas gangeb gadaaqvs aqcenti im eTnikur erTeulebze, 

romelTa xvedriTi wona sakmaod didia katalogis daskvniT nawilSi. 

katalogis daskvniT nawilSi ki poeti CamoTvlis sxvadasxva toms: 

iazigebs, mikeebs, Tirsagetebs, eqsomatebs, torinebs, satarxebs, 

kentorebs, xoaTrebs, balonitebs, sarmatebs. 

es rac Seexeboda aietisa da persesis momxreebs, amaT garda poemaSi 

sxva mravali personaJic gvxvdeba, romelTagan umetesoba, flakusis Ta- 

naxmad, TavianTi warmomavlobiT kavkasiasTan arian dakavSirebulni. aqe- 

danve unda aRiniSnos, rom arcerTi maTgani ar aris mTavari personaJi, 

romelsac didi mniSvneloba aqvs siuJetis ganviTarebaSi, rac kidev 

181

ufro zrdis imis albaTobas, rom poetma isini gamoigona. Tumca gvxvdeba 

ramdenime mniSvnelovani axali personaJic, romelTa meSveobiTac 

flakusi Sida kavkasiur urTierTobebs warmoaCens. 

Tavdapirvelad SevecadoT, davajgufoT yvela es e. w. fsevdo- 

miTologiuri personaJi garkveul kategoriebad, ramdenadac maT mimarT 

TviTon avtors diferencirebuli damokidebuleba gaaCnia. personaJTagan 

nawils statistis funqcia aqvs, nawili Cveulebriv statistebs aRemateba 

maTze mowodebuli informaciis moculobiT; gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa 

is jgufi, romelSic avtori cdilobs, ukve esa Tu is moqmedi piri 

meorexarisxovani personaJis donemde aamaRlos. amas igi aRwevs ramdenime 

saSualebiT: 1. poemis moqmedebaSi personaJis mravalgzisi CarTviT; 2. gmi- 

ris Sesaxeb mowodebuli informaciis intensifikaciiT (poeti ar ifarg- 

leba mxolod personaJis warmomavlobisa da vinaobis warmodgeniT, ar- 

amed mas siuJetis ganviTarebis logikis Sesabamisad damatebiT funqci- 

asac akisrebs). amdenad, is mTavari kriteriumi, romliTac ganisazRvreba 

ama Tu im personaJis mniSvnelovneba, aris misi konkretul situaciaSi 

eqsponirebis xarisxi Tu intensivoba. qvemoT warmodgenili personaJebi am 

kriteriumebis gaTvaliswinebiT arian dajgufebulni. 

3.1. statistebi 

gasakviri ar aris, rom brZolis scenebSi warmodgenil gmirTa 

umravlesoba mxolod erTxel aris moxseniebuli. zogierTi maTgani 

SeiZleba metjerac iyos dasaxelebuli, Tumca es arsebiTad ar zrdis am 

gmiris mniSvnelovnebas. maT Sesaxeb arsebuli informacia mxolod aseTi 

tipis monacemebiT ifargleba: isini an klaven mowinaaRmdeges, an TviTon 

xdebian msxverplni. 

a). A klavs B-s 

ambenusi – skviTi mebrZoli. igi kolx okrevss xis moriT dakvriT 

mouRebs bolos brZolaSi (6.250-251). 

kaspiusi – skviTi mebrZoli. igi brZolaSi TmaSi wvda aiel monesess 

da mokla (6. 189-192). 

kremedoni – albaneli mebrZoli. igi brZolis velze skviT karesuss 

mouswrafebs sicocxles (6. 194). 

182

). A-s klavs B 

amastrusi – skviTi mebrZoli. friqsusis vaJis, argusis mier 

gangmiruli aResruleba brZolis velze (6. 554-556). 

apresi – kolxi mebrZoli. qveiT SerkinebaSi klavs iupiteris Ze, 

kolaqsesi (6. 638). 

arinesi – kolxi mebrZoli. aResruleba iupiteris Zis, kolaqsesis 

mier (6. 638). 

(6. 557). 

barisasi – skviTi mebrZoli. klavs boreasis vaJi, minieli kalaisi 

dipsasi – kolxi mebrZoli. mas skviTi karesusi klavs (6. 192). 

zakorusi – skviTi mebrZoli. mas da falkess brZolaSi friqsusis 

vaJi argusi Camoagdebs cxenidan (6.554). 

zetesi // Zetesi – kolxi mebrZoli. mas darapsi sicocxles 

mouswrafebs (6.572). 

idasmenusi – skviTi mebrZoli. brZolaSi friqsusis vaJi melasi 

SubiT daWris kefaSi (6. 196-99). 

(6. 201-2). 

ironi – skviTi mebrZoli. brZolaSi ferdSi piliuri SubiT daiWra 

keramnusi – skviTi mebrZoli. mas mkerdSi sasikvdilo dartymiT 

gangmiravs iasoni (6. 550). 

monesesi – kolxi mebrZoli. mas skviTi kaspiusi TmaSi wvda da 

mokla (6. 189-192). 

oebasusi – kolxi mebrZoli. igi cdilobs, saSiS mters, falkess 

Tavi moaridos, Tumca skviTi meomari mas marcxena TvalTan miayenebs 

Wrilobas (6. 244-7). 

okrevsi – kolxi mebrZoli. mas skviTi ambenusi xis moriT mouRebs 

bolos (6. 250-251). 

olbusi – kolxi mebrZoli. klavs iupiteris Ze, kolaqsesi (6. 638). 

prioni – geteli meomari. iasoni mouswrafebs sicocxles (6. 619). 

rindakusi – skviTi mebrZoli. oebalidi poluqsis xeliT esalmeba 

sicocxles. 

183

strimoni – kolxi mebrZoli. skviTi karesusi jer kolx dipsass 

gauswordeba, xolo Semdgom strimonsac klavs (6. 192-4). 

suetesi – skviTi mebrZoli. yelSi sasikvdilo dartymas ayenebs 

iasoni (6. 550). 

hipetaoni – kolxi mebrZoli. iupiteris Ze kolaqsesi klavs (6. 637). 

g). aq SegviZlia gavaerTianoT is statistebi, romlebic zemoT 

dasaxelebul or qvejgufSi ver xvdebian da maTi xvedri garkveul 

variacias gviCvenebs: 

C 

A cdilobs moklas B, magram SemTxveviT Tu RmerTebis nebiT kvdeba 

leqsanori – skviTi mebrZoli. leqsanori cdilobs iasonis mokvlas, 

rac medeas SeSfoTebas iwvevs, Tumca gangebis wyalobiT, mis mier 

gatyorcnili isari kolx kaikuss gangmiravs (6. 686). 

A klavs B-s, TviTon ki C-sgan kvdeba 

karesusi – skviTi mebrZoli. klavs kolx meomrebs: dipsassa da 

strimons, TviTon mas ki albaneli kremedoni mouRebs bolos (6. 192-4). 

A kvdeba (ar aris dasaxelebuli, Tu vin klavs) 

onxevsi – skviTi mebrZoli. onxevsi brZolaSi cxens ver 

imorCilebs, romelic pirdapir mowinaaRmdegis Subis sapirispirod 

mieqaneba. amaod cdilobs safrTxis Tavidan acilebas. cxeni mainc win 

miiwevs, masTan erTad Tavzardacemuli mxedaric. is sabolood kargavs 

iaraRs (6. 256). 

sibotesi – kolxi mebrZoli. darwmunebulia Tavisi abjris 

simtkiceSi, igeriebs skviTi ambenusis mier nasrol Subs, Tumca amaod, igi 

sasikvdilod aris ganwiruli. 

A gadarCeba 

oxevsi da tiresi – skviTi mebrZolebi. flakusi skviT meomrebTan 

dakavSirebiT mxolod imas aRniSnavs, rom maT arc ki uwyian, Tu vis unda 

umadlodnen TavianT keTil xvedrs, radgan friqsusis vaJi melasi SubiT 

gangmiravs idasmenuss (6. 196-99), oxevsi da tiresi ki, romlebic 

maxloblad imyofebian, sikvdils gadaurCebian. 

184

3.2. elementarulad eqsponirebuli personaJebi 

udavod flakusis ostatobaze metyvelebs is faqti, rom igi 

yovelTvis cdilobs, gmirebi raRac gamorCeuli StrixebiT an raime 

tipis informaciiT dasamaxsovrebeli gaxados, poeti rig SemTxvevaSi 

brZolis peripetiebis asaxvisas iseT ambavs rTavs batalur scenebSi, rom 

mkiTxvelis yuradRebas erTianad afxizlebs. am kategoriaSi 

gaerTianebul personaJTa eqsponireba ramdenime gansxvavebuli gziT 

xdeba: 

a) aqcentirebulia mxolod gmiris warmomavloba da statusi 

anqsuri – skviTi sardali. persesis mokavSire (6.68). dasaxelebulia 

sidonisa da radalusis gverdiT skviTebis katalogSi. 

radalusi da sidoni – skviTi sardlebi. Zmebi moixseniebian 

persesis momxreTa Soris skviTebis katalogSi (6.69) sardal anqsurTan 

erTad. 

tevtagonusi – skviTi sardali. persesis mokavSire. meTaurobs 

batarnebis toms, romlebic SeiaraRebulni arian daumuSavebeli saqonlis 

tyavis farebiT (6. 97). 

darapsi da datisi – skviTi sardlebi. darapsi sparselebTan 

brZolebSi miRebuli WrilobebiT itanjeba, amitom kolxidaSi saomrad 

agzavnis datiss (6. 65-66). datiss Tan axlavs brZolis JiniT anTebuli 

gangaridebi da meomrebi, romlebic gerusTan (md. skviTiaSi) da bikesis 

tbasTan saxloben, Tumca mogvianebiT TviTon darapsic iRebs 

monawileobas omSi. igi brZolis velze klavs Zetessa da lataguss (6. 

572). 

vanusi – hirkanieli wminda misani da aedi. hirkaniis mTebidan krebs 

jars persesis dasaxmareblad (6.114-115). skviTiis sami Taoba ismenda 

misgan ambebs minielTa da argos xomaldis Sesaxeb. misi rCevebiT 

sargeblobdnen asbWiani Tebes da mTeli panqaias mkvidrni (6. 115-119). 

kirisi – hirkanieli sardali, solis vaJi. persesis mokavSireTa 

Soris aris dasaxelebuli da mis dasaxmareblad hirkaniis Seupovar 

meomrebs mouZRvis saomrad (6. 80). brZolis epizodSi eqsponirebuli ar 

aris. 

185

latrisi da otakesi – skviTi sardlebi. moixseniebian skviTebis 

katalogSi persesis mokavSireTa Soris, meTauroben iberiis rCeul 

meomrebs aietis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi. arcerTi maTgani ar aris 

brZolis epizodSi eqsponirebuli (6.120). 

falkesi – skviTi sardali. dasaxelebulia persesis momxreTa 

Soris. aietis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad igi xmauriT miuZRvis win 

SeiaraRebul meomrebs. eqsponirebulia brZolis drosac. kolxi oebasusi 

cdilobs, mas Tavi moaridos, Tumca skviTi meomari kolxs marcxena 

TvalTan miayenebs sasikvdilo Wrilobas (6. 244-7). sabolood, falkess 

friqsusis vaJi, argusi Camoagdebs cxenidan (6. 554). 

b) warmomavlobis garda xazgasmulia gmiris piradi Rirseba, raime 

nakli, garegnoba, Cacmuloba 

aroni – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

misi vinaoba da garegnoba jer kidev omis dawyebamde aRZravs interess 

iasonSi. mdidari da Wreli suraTebiT moqarguli mosasxamiT ipyrobs 

ucxoTa yuradRebas. aroni da misi meomrebi zafranis surnels afrqveven 

da mowesrigebuli varcxnilobiT gamoirCevian (5. 590-591). amasTan erTad 

ubadlo meomaria, absirtusis mxardamxar ibrZvis da mas ar Camouvardeba 

simamaciT (6. 524), misi maxviliT aResruleba skviTi mebrZoli armisi (6. 

530-541). 

iaqsartesi – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

igi imdenad Tavdajerebulia Tavis ZlevamosilebaSi, rom TviT 

RmerTebisac ki ar eSinia. aieti iaqsartess amarTlebs, radgan igi 

yovelTvis asrulebs micemul sityvas da dRe da Rame omis saqmiT aris 

dakavebuli. misi SiSiT ZrZwian getebi, medebi, iberebi. igi uSualod 

brZolis amsaxvel epizodSi eqsponirebuli ar aris (5. 596-604). 

kampesusi – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

mxolod mis garegnul mxares aRwers: igi vefxvis tyaviT aris mosili (5. 

593). kampesuss persesis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi mtris maxvili sasikvdilod 

gangmiravs TeZosa da sazardulSi (6. 243-4). 

karmeiusi – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs, 

misi vinaoba omis dawyebamde aRZravs interess iasonSi. dRe-niadag 

186

sagmiro saqmeebze fiqrobs da mudmiv saomar mzadyofnaSia. mas Tan 

axlavs meabjre da mouTmenlad eswrafvis omis dawyebas. uSualod 

brZolis amsaxvel epizodSi eqsponirebuli ar aris (5. 578-8). 

latagusi – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

mas da kolx Zetess skviTi darapsi klavs aietsa da persess Soris 

gamarTul omSi. latagusi gaqcevas cdilobs, Tumca darapsis maxvili mas 

sasikvdilod gangmiravs (6. 572-4). 

odrusa – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

sxva mokavSireTa Soris Tmiani gul-mkerdiTa da xSiri wveriT gamoirCeva, 

aseve iqcevs yuradRebas Rvinis siyvaruliT, rasac iasoni gancvifrebaSi 

mohyavs. uSualod brZolis amsaxvel epizodSi eqsponirebuli ar aris (5. 

594-5). 

xoaspesi – aietis mokavSire. warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs. 

igi moixsenieba epiTetiT `mdinaris Sobili~ amnigenes (es epiTeti 

pirvelad flakusTan gvxvdeba), rac imaze miuTiTebs, rom igi mdinaris 

RmerTis Zea. roca aieti iasons am mokavSires warudgens, xoaspesi Tavisi 

saomari cxenis sisxls Seeqceva, Tumca cxeni amis gamo sulac ar 

uZlurdeba da kvlavac mkvircxlad miaWenebs xolme (cnoba im Cveulebis 

Sesaxeb sxva antikur avtorebTanac dasturdeba) (5. 584-6). 

evriale – aietis mokavSire amaZoni mebrZoli qali, sxva amaZonebTan 

(like, Toe, harpe da menipe) erTad ibrZvis kolxebis mxareze. iasonTan 

saubarSi aieti aRniSnavs, rom mas sakuTar qaliSvilebSi ar gamoarCevs 

(5. 614), yvela aRtacebaSi mohyavs mis abjar-iaraRs, aieti saguldagulod 

aRwers mis aRkazmulobas (5. 611-613). roca iazigebis sardali gesanderi 

argonavt kanTuss gangmiravs, mis gvams miniebi, amaZonebis daxmarebiT, 

qalwul evriales etliT ganarideben brZolis vels (6. 370). swored igi 

gaupobs Tavs gesanders Tavisi sabrZolo najaxiT (6. 373). 

avxusi – kimerieli qurumi. persesis mokavSireTa Soris aris 

dasaxelebuli. igi uricxv erTsulovan meomars sardlobs da Tavs 

iwonebs kimeriis simdidriT. dabadebidanve TeTri Tma hqonda (qeraTmian 

budinebis Sesaxeb ix. Her. IV 108), Tumca xandazmulobis gamo Tavi ukve 

moSiSvleboda, samad ganaskvuli ormagi Tavsakravi (aq unda 

igulisxmebodes qurumis wminda Tavsaburavi, simeloteze miniSnebac unda 

187

davukavSiroT herodotosis cnobas melot argipeebis Sesaxeb (Her. IV 23), 

romlebic Zalian hgavdnen hiperboreelebs) umSvenebda safeTqlebs (6. 60- 

64). omSi mas bolos uRebs iasoni, mohkveTs Tavs da xelebs (6. 619-620). 

hebrusi – skviTi meomari. iasoni mouswrafebs sicocxles. mis 

garegnobaSi flakusi aRniSnavs moWarbebul Tmianobas terrificis undantem 

crinibus (6. 618). 

heliqsi – skviTi meomari. mas klavs argonavti nestori. flakusi 

gansakuTrebiT usvams xazs heliqsis siymawviles. igi imdenad axalgazrda 

gamoesalma sicocxles, rom mamas jerovnad verc moeswro misi aRzrda. 

amdenad, ufro metad tragikulia axalgazrda skviTis aRsasruli (6. 569- 

71). 

otaqsesi da rambelusi – skviTi mebrZoli. maTTan dakavSirebiT 

flakusi xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom aietis winaaRmdeg gamarTul omSi 

imdenad daundoblad ibrZvian, rom erTianad musrs avleben kolxebs. 

otaqsesi moixsenieba epiTetiT acer `sastiki~ (6. 529). 

armisi – skviTi mebrZoli. flakusi mas inglorius ùsaxelos~ uwodebs, 

radgan es ukanaskneli yovelgvar ukadris xerxs mimarTavs mtris 

SesaSineblad. aseTive usaxeloa misi aRsasrulic. mas daundoblad 

gangmiravs kolxTa mokavSire aroni, romelic mouwodebs Rirseuli 

Serkinebisken (6. 530-541). 

monesusi – kolxi mebrZoli. iupiteris Zem, kolaqsesma ganizraxa 

iasonis mokvla da esrola qvis lodi, Tumca qalRmerT iunos SewevniT 

argonavtTa meTauri uvnebeli gadarCa, lodi ki kolx monesuss moxvda, 

romelsac aravin icnobda (ignotus) qveyanaze da aravin daitirebda (infletus) 

(6. 650-1). am epiTetebiT flakusi umniSvnelo adamianebze migvaniSnebs, 

romlebic SesamCnevni xdebian TavianTi SeumCnevlobiT. 

konteqstSi 

g) eqsponirebulia brZolis amsaxvel scenaSi raRac ambis 

akvitesi da kirnusi – akvitesi mdinaris RmerTis fasisis kolxi 

qurumia. mxcovan akvitess safeTqlebi mwvane alvis xis foTlebiT aqvs 

Semkuli, radganac mTeli omis ganmavlobaSi Relavs Tavisi Svilis, 

kirnusis usafrTxoebis gamo da mtris rigebSi daeZebs mas (6. 296-300). 

188

xanSiSesul qurums iazigebis winamZRoli gesanderi klavs ulmoblad, 

Tanac dasZens, igi Svils rom hyvareboda, manamde gaistumrebda saiqios, 

vidre aseT savalalo siberemde miaRwevda (6. 302-316). sikvdilis piras 

misuli mama RmerTs kvlav Svilis mfarvelobas evedreba. 

gelasi da medoresi – hirkanieli Zmebi, gelasi da medoresi 

brZolis velze mxardamxar ibrZvian (6. 203), isini gamoirCevian saucxoo 

cxenebiT, maTi mama mTels hirkaniaSi saukeTeso jiSis cxenebiT iyo 

saxelganTqmuli. brZolis velze argonavti kastori erT-erTi Zmis, 

gelasis cxenis xelSi Cagdebas moindomebs, mas SubiT gangmiravs da 

mxedris gareSe darCenil cxens daepatroneba. gelasis Zma medoresi Suris 

saZieblad kastors daesxmeba Tavs, Tumca mas minieli falerusi 

gamoasalmebs sicocxles (6. 217-18). 

taqsesi da hipanisi – skviTi mebrZoli. skviTi taqsesi cdilobs 

cocxalmkvdari hipanisis daxmarebas, surs, TanamebrZoli brZolis vels 

ganaridos, Tan lamobs, maxvili amoglijos Wrilobidan, raTa Tavi 

daicvas momxvdurisgan. is iyo taqsesma Subi moimarjva, rom amasobaSi mas 

moulodnelad lakoni daesxa Tavs (6. 252-7). 

Tidrusi – kolxi mebrZoli. brZolis velze iupiteris Ze, 

kolaqsesi gangmiravs maxviliT (6. 639). flakusis mixedviT, Tidrusi md. 

fasisis napirebTan Caisaxa kavkasusis mier, romelic, Cveulebisamebr, 

mamiseul faras mwyemsavda; swored aqedan momdinareobs misi metsaxeli 

`fasisis msaxuri~; ase uxmobdnen mas mSoblebi. Tidruss flakusi 

garegnuli niSniTac warmogvidgens: igi grZel Tmas atarebda, romlis 

SeWris uflebas mas mSoblebi ar rTavdnen. 

tagesi – skviTi mebrZoli. flakusi informacias gvawvdis misi 

warmomavlobis Sesaxeb. mamas tavlasi hqvia, deda ki naxevradqalRmerTi 

(semidea) tyis nimfaa. flakusi saguldagulod aRwers tagesis 

Cacmulobas: TovliviT qaTqaTa tilo, oqromkediT naqargi qlamisi, 

oqrosferi Taiguli qudze, Wreli ZafebiT moqarguli Sarvali. 

RamRamobiT dedis debi tyeSi fxizlobdnen da zrunavdnen mis 

Cacmulobaze, Tumca amaod, radgan tagesi brZolisas mtris maxviliT 

sazardulSi gangmiruli aResruleba (6. 221-7). 

189

pevkoni – skviTi mebrZoli. mas dediseuli lerwmiT Sekruli muqi 

xveuli Tma amSvenebs. rogorc Cans, misi deda wylis nimfaa, romelic 

tiriliT SesZravs midamos da Tavis vaJs uxmobs, Tumca, saubedurod, 

ymawvili verasodes SeZlebs, inavardos zRvis napirze da inadiros 

irmebze, radgan omSi iRupeba (6. 563-9). 

rifevsi – skviTi mebrZoli. daqiravebul jariskacad msaxurobs 

mezobel qveynebSi. mas brZolis velze boreasis vaJi, minieli kalaisi 

klavs (6. 558). rifevsi saucxoo as saqonelsa da as cxens miscemda 

sicocxlis sanacvlod, Tumca veranairi ganZis wyalobiT ver aicilebs 

adamiani gardauval sikvdils. 

sienesi – skviTi mebrZoli. moixsenieba persesis mokavSireTa Soris. 

hileebis (Hylaea) mravalricxovan toms mouZRvis aietis winaaRmdeg 

saomrad (6. 74). sienesis yuradRebas iqcevs parTeli elCi mirakesi Tavisi 

mdidruli CacmulobiTa da aRWurvilobiT. mrisxane skviTi vefxvis 

tyaviT mosil ymawvils SubiT gangmiravs (6. 703). 

friqsusi – skviTi mebrZoli. persesis momxreTa Soris aris 

dasaxelebuli da fur-iremis avismomaswavebeli gafrTxilebis miuxedavad 

aietis sawinaaRmdegod meTaurobs akesinel mebrZolebs. mis laSqars 

maRal Wolokze aRmarTuli priala bewviani da oqrosrqebiani furis 

gamosaxuleba miuZRvis, romelsac kvlav mrisxane dianas WalaSi 

dabruneba surs. friqsusi mniSvnelovania imdenad, ramdenadac misi 

meSveobiT flakusi skviTebis katalogSi argonavtebis miznis, oqros 

sawmisis aqcentirebas axdens (6. 70). 

kaikusi – kolxi mebrZoli. skviTi leqsanori, romelic iasonis 

mokvlas eswrafoda, SemTxveviT mas gangmiravs. flakusi moixseniebs 

agreTve kaikusis cols, romelsac uTanagrZnobs qmris dakargvis gamo, 

radganac isini axali daqorwinebulebi iyvnen da ver moeswroT 

siyvaruliT tkboba (6. 688-9). 

Toe, like, menipe, harpe – amaZoni mebrZoli qalebi, isini dedofal 

evriales meTaurobiT ibrZvian kolxebis mxareze. argonavtebs exmarebian, 

TavianTi etliT brZolis vels da mtris maxvilebs gaaridon minieli 

kanTusis gvami; ulmobeli iazigebis sardali, gesanderi Toes fariT 

daucvel adgilas (6. 375), likes ki mkerdis areSi (6. 374) gangmiravs; mas 

190

Semdeg, rac Toesa da likes gauswordeba, Tavs daesxmeba harpes (6. 375). 

ganizraxavs, ieriSi miitanos menipeze (6. 377), Tumca ar dascaldeba; 

gesanders amaZonTa dedofali, evriale saomari najaxiT gaupobs Tavs. 

d) personaJebi, romlebic dakavSirebulni arian omSi monawile 

mebrZolebTan 

calke jgufs qmnian personaJebi, romlebic uSualod ar 

monawileoben omSi, Tumca dakavSirebulni arian omSi monawile 

meomrebTan. flakusi zogierT maTgans saxeliT moixseniebs, nawils ki – 

saxels ar arqmevs: gesanderis mama iazigi voraptusi (6.288); skviTi 

tagesis mama tavlasi (6.221), tagesis deda _ naxevradqalRmerTi (6.223), 

romlis saxelic ucnobia; kolaqsesis deda, skviTi qalRmerTi hora (6.58); 

hirkanieli Zmebis medoresisa da gelasis mama (6.204); skviTi heliqsis mama 

(6.569); kolxi Tidrusis deda (6.643); skviTi pevkonis deda – wylis nimfa 

(6.564); kolxi kaikusis axalgazrda meuRle (6.688); aietis mokavSiris 

karmeiusis meabjre (5.579); parTeli elCis mirakesis meabjre (6.694). am 

personaJTa Soris gansakuTrebiT gamoirCeva ramdenime maTgani: voraptusi, 

tavlasi, hora. 

voraptusi – iazigi meomris, gesanderis mama. gesanderi, vidre 

kolx mxcovan qurums akvitess gauswordeba, SemarTebisaTvis da 

suliskveTebis gasaZliereblad mimarTavs Tavis gardacvlili mamis 

aCrdils. Svili mamas pativs scems, radgan igi droulad aResrula da 

ver miaRwia sazarel siberes. flakusi iazigi mama-Svilis magaliTze 

warmogvidgens iazigebis adaTs: roca adamiani berdeba, Zala aRar Seswevs 

da iaraRs veRar imorCilebs, mas Tavisi memkvidre mouswrafebs sico- 

cxles, es adaT-wesi Taobidan Taobas gadaecema, xolo ardamorCilebis 

SemTxvevaSi urCi saTanadod isjeba (6. 122-128, Sdr. 288-291). 

tavlasi – skviTi mebrZolis, tagesis mama (6.221). misi meuRlea 

naxevradqalRmerTi (semidea) tyis nimfa, maTi vaJia tagesi, romelic 

kolxebsa da skviTebs Soris gamarTul omSi ibrZvis. tyis nimfebi, RamRa- 

mobiT fxizlobdnen da zrunavdnen maTi diswulis, tagesis Cacmulobaze; 

Tumca amaod, radgan tagess brZolis velze mtris maxvili sazardulSi 

gangmiravs. 

191

hora – bisaltebis winamZRolis kolaqsesis deda, skviTiis gvelis- 

fexeba qalRmerTi, romelic naxevrad qali iyo, naxevrad eqidna. 

kolaqsesi RvTiuri warmomavlobisaa, radgan igi iupiterisa da horas 

vaJia, romelic iSva skviTiis sanapiroze, mwvane mirakes da md. tibisusis 

maxloblad. flakusi Segnebulad amaxvilebs yuradRebas am personaJis 

warmomavlobaze, ramdenadac misi meSveobiT skviTebis RvTiur sawyisze 

migvaniSnebs. gadmocemis Tanaxmad, heraklem daudo dasabami skviTTa 

modgmas miTiur qalRmerTTan SeuRlebiT, Tumca flakusi Tqmulebas 

saxes ucvlis da herakles iupiteriT anacvlebs (savaraudod, igi 

eyrdnoba berZn. wyaroebs (Her. IV, 5, 9; Diod, II, 43, 3), sadac gadmocemulia, 

rom pirveli skviTi targitaosi zevsisa da md. borisTenesis asulisgan 

iSva). rogorc kolaqsesis, aseve mTeli misi falanqsis farebze 

gamosaxulia samad gayofili cecxlis ali, amasTan erTad oqros dra- 

konebi, horas niSan-simbolo (skviTebisaTvis saomar niSnebze da emble- 

mebze drakonebis gamosaxva dadasturebuli faqtia antikur wyaroebSi, 

Arr. Tact. XXXV, 3). 

e) personaJebi, romlebic omTan ar arian dakavSirebulni 

aia – kavkasieli nimfa, mdinaris RvTaeba fasisis satrfo. 

moixsenieba mxolod flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~. aiasa da fasisis ambavi, 

sxva suraTebTan erTad, gamosaxuli iyo kolxidaSi solis (heliosis) 

taZarSi (5.407-454). siyvarulisgan gaxelebuli fasisi aias damorCilebas 

lamobs, darcxvenili qalwuli iltvis mSobliur mTebSi gaSmagebuli 

fasisisgan, SeSinebuli da Zal-Ronemixdili nimfa yris kaparWebs da mas 

sabolood RmerTi imorCilebs Tavisi mZlavri talRebiT (5.425-428). 

henioxe – medeas ZiZa (5. 357). es personaJi sxva avtorebTanac 

gvxvdeba, Tumca am saxeliT mxolod flakusTan moixsenieba. medea 

henioxes avalebs kolxidaSi Camosuli ucxoelebis vinaobis Setyobas. 

moxuci ZiZa, romelic bavSvobidanve zrdida medeas, amSvidebs mas, radgan 

kolxidaSi Camosuli ucxoelebi berZnebs gvanan da xelSi mSvidobis 

niSnad zeTisxili uWiravT, amdenad maTi ar unda eSinodes. 

kelenevsi – flakusis mier gamogonili es personaJi àrgonav- 

tikaSi~ erT-erT mniSvnelovan adgilas aris eqsponirebuli. rodesac Cven 

192

kizikusis epizods ganvixilavdiT, aRvniSneT, rom flakusTan mas udavod 

gansakuTrebuli datvirTva aqvs. 282 kelenevsic swored am epizodTan aris 

dakavSirebuli. apolonios rodoselTan miniebi sam dRes glovoben kizi- 

kusis daRupvas dolionebTan erTad (1. 1057-58). isini imitom ver 

miemgzavrebian kunZulidan, rom 12 dRis ganmavlobaSi qariSxali ar 

cxreboda; mas Semdeg, rac mopsusis misnobiT esonidma rea-kibeles 

Seswira msxverpli da grigali Cawynarda, argonavtebs kunZulidan 

gamgzavrebis saSualeba miecaT; iasonma da argonavtebma sixaruliT 

datoves kunZuli. flakusTan kizikusis sikvdilis Semdeg argonavtebi 

Rrma sasowarkveTas miecemian. miuxedavad, imisa, rom argonavtebs orjer 

hqondaT xelsayreli pirobebi gamgzavrebisaTvis, isini erTgvar ajmhcaniva- 

s moucavs da gamgzavrebis gadawyvetilebas ver iReben; maT sakmarisad ar 

miaCniaT is pativi, rac miages dakrZalvisas kizikuss, gauqraT brZolis 

Jini, samSoblos siyvaruli; TviT iasonic ki ar malavs grZnobebs da 

tiris (3. 362-371). saqme iqamde midis, rom sasowarkveTili iasoni misan 

mopsuss ekiTxeba rCevas, Tu riTi unda iyos ganpirobebuli maTi sulieri 

mdgomareoba, RmerTebis survilia is, rom maT dabrkoleba SexvdaT, Tu 

ram gamoiwvia maTi mxridan SiSi, ratom aRar fiqroben samSobloze, 

ratom ar surT gamgzavreba. mopsosi amave epizodSi apolonios rodo- 

selTanac figurirebs, swored is amoicnobs zRvispira frTosanis 

misnobas, romelic iasons TavTan Cauqrolebs da rCevas aZlevs, msverpli 

Seswiros rea-kibeles. apoloniosTan mopsosi mxolod amiT ifargleba. 

romael epikosTan ubralo mrCevelis garda, mas damatebiTi funqciac 

aqvs, SeiZleba ase iTqvas, igi axdens argonavtebis `gamofxizlebas~ da 

ganwmendis ritualsac atarebs. saamisod mas damajerebeli argumentacia 

sWirdeba. 

mopsusis sityva sxva aspeqtiTac aris saintereso, 283 aq detalurad 

mxolod am konkretul aspeqts ganvixilavT. mopsusis sityvis CvenTvis 

sayuradRebo monakveTSi (3. 384-396) erTmaneTisagan gamijnulia damnaSave- 

ebis tipebi, isini, vinc ganzrax Cadian danaSauls da isini, vinc 

282 

G. Manuwald, Die Cyzicus-Episode und ihre Funktion in den Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Hypomnemata 

127, Göttingen 1999. 

283 

es sityva Seicavs stoikuri filosofiis elementebs sulebis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb. 

Sdr. aseve anqizesis sityva vergiliusTan (Verg. Aen. 724-751). 

193

uneburad xdebian damnaSaveebi. mopsusis Tanaxmad, Tu adamianma ganzrax 

Caidina danaSauli, usaxelod gardacvlilebi warsdgebian sulTa meufis 

winaSe da maT ufleba eZlevaT, kvlav saaqaos daubrundnen, erT-erTi 

furiis TanxlebiT, romlebic Surs iZieben damnaSaveze, saSinel SiSs 

mohgvrian mas. is, vinc uneburad Cadis danaSauls an iZulebiT (rac 

praqtikulad aseve danaSaulia), mas qenjnis sindisi namoqmedaris gamo. 

flakusi dawvrilebiT gadmogvcems aseTi adamianis mdgomareobas: „resides 

et iam nil amplius ausi / in lacrimas humilesque metus aegramque fatiscunt / segnitiem“ 284 (3. 

394-396). 

argonavtebis SemTxveva meore tipis danaSauls warmoadgens. 

Sesabamisad, mopsusi Seqmnili rTuli situaciidan aseT gamosavals (sed 

nostra requiret / cura viam, 396-7) sTavazobs iasons: mas smenia, iq, sadac 

kimerielebi cxovroben, qveynis dasalierSi, RmerTebisTvisac ucxo 

mxareSi, sadac mze verasodes aRwevs, avernusis mTian tyeSi, sadac 

foTolic ki ar irxeva, ukacriel da bnel adgilas, qvemoT mdebareobs 

mRvime da gza aCrdilTaTvis, aq gamodis SavebSi mosili misani (atraque 

sedens in veste, 406) kelenevsi, romelsac xelT xmali upyria (ensifer, 406) da 

udanaSauloebs aTavisuflebs Cadenili Secodebebisgan, Selocvebs 

ambobs da miutevebs maT, ris Sedegadac darcxvenil sulebs simSvide 

moicavs. mopsusi argonavtebs uyveba, rom swored misgan Seityo, Tu 

rogor unda imoqmedon miniebma, saSineli varamisagan rom ganikurnon: 

RmerTebs msxverpli unda Seswiron da ganwmendis rituali Caataron. 

mxolod mopsusis mier Catarebuli ganwmendis ritualis Semdeg grZnoben 

argonavtebi Svebas da ikreben Zalas gasamgzavreblad. 

kelenevsis figuras da poemaSi warmodgenil masTan dakavSirebul 

motivacias paraleli ar moeZebneba sxva avtorebTan, amdenad, 

dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi marTlac flakusis poeturi 

fantaziis nayofia. 

284 `damaSvralni, veRarafris gambedavni, icremlebian, mdabio SiSi da sneuli umoqmedoba 

TrgunavT~. 

194

3.3. meorexarisxovani personaJebi 

aqedanve unda aRvniSnoT, rom sakmaod pirobiTia am jgufSi 

gaerTianebuli figurebis meorexarisxovan personaJebad miCneva, Tumca, 

isic unda iTqvas, rom isini aSkarad aRematebian ubralo statistebs da 

im figurebsac, romlebic elementarulad arian eqsponirebulni, amdenad, 

Tavisuflad SegviZlia isini meorexarisxovan gmirebad CavTvaloT. 

bunebrivia, maTi ricxvi statistebTan SedarebiT mcirea. aq maT 

klasifikacias vaxdenT moqmedebaSi CarTulobis intensivobiT: 

a) intensiurad moqmedi mniSvnelovani personaJebi: gesanderi, 

stirusi, kolaqsesi 

gesanderi – iazigebis winamZRoli. gesanderi intensiurad aris 

eqsponirebuli flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ aietisa da persesis 

konfliqtis amsaxvel epizodSi. misi meSveobiT flakusi iazigebis adaT- 

wesebs warmogvidgens, razec Cven araerTxel visaubreT (6. 122-128). 

gesanderi daundobelia fasisis qurumis, xanSiSesuli akvitesis mimarT, 

romelsac ar Seiwynarebs arc xandazmulobis gamo da arc mis xvewna- 

mudaras, rom Seindos misi vaJi, aqcevs yuradRebas (6. 294-316). argonavt 

kanTusTan Serkinebis epizodSi gesanderi skviTebis cxovrebis mkacr 

pirobebs aRuwers berZen meomars da dasZens, rom yvelafris miuxedavad, 

mSobliur mxares ar gacvlis arc erT sxva qveyanaze. gangmiravs kanTuss, 

romlis gvamsac miniebi, amaZonebis daxmarebiT ganarideben brZolis vels. 

Tavs esxmis amaZonebs: moklavs likes, Toes, ieriSs miitans harpeze. 

aRSfoTebulia, radgan mas qalebTan uwevs brZola, amdenad, ufro metad 

tragikulia misi aRsasruli. mas amaZoni evriale gamoasalmebs 

sicocxles (6. 373). 

stirusi – albaneli ufliswuli, aietis mokavSire. medeas erT-erTi 

xelismTxovneli. medeas xelis mosapoveblad ramdenime gmiri ibrZvis: 

henioxebisa da alanebis sardali anavsisi, skviTi koastesi, parTeli 

elCi mirakesi da albaneli stirusi. aietma winaswarmetyvelebis Tanaxmad 

icis, rom mis mefobas safrTxe moelis ucxoelisgan, amitomac axlos ar 

ikarebs maT, da gadawyvets, medea araucxoels miaTxovos. igi arCevans 

albanel ufliswulze aCerebs da argonavtebis kolxidaSi Casvlis 

momentisaTvis stirusi, rogorc medeas kanonieri saqmro, ukve samefo 

195

ojaxis wevrTa Soris aris dasaxelebuli absirtusisa da friqsusis 

vaJebis gverdiT (5. 459-460, Sdr. 3. 496-497). Tumca aiets es xels ar uSlis, 

rom medeas saxeli Tavisi miznebis gansaxorcieleblad gamoiyenos (3. 495- 

6). alani anavsisi swored amitom jer kidev omis dawyebamde ganewyo 

aietis mimarT mtrulad, radgan mefem arCevani albanelze SeaCera da ara 

masze (6. 43-44). flakusi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas uTmobs stirusisa da 

anavsisis Serkinebas, radgan maT sabrZolvelad piradi motivic 

amoZravebT. anavsisi ar apirebs dauTmos stiruss is, rac mas yvelaze 

metad uyvars. moaxerxebs kidec albanelis daWras, romelic brZolis 

vels gaecleba. alanTa sardali mas simxdaleSi debs brals; mis 

sityvaSi, romliTac anavsiss mimarTavs, didi ironiac igrZnoba: rom mas 

Wrilobebs verc medea da verc misi Selocva-mkurnaloba dauamebs (6. 265- 

278). stirusis mier sasikvdilod gangmiruli anavsisi brZolis velze 

aResruleba. stirusi, ra Tqma unda, iasonSic Tavis metoqes xedavs da mas 

mtrad ekideba, roca es ukanaskneli medeasTan erTad kolxididan 

gaiqceva. mdevar kolxebSi didi aqtiurobiT gamoirCeva (8. 298-305, 328-368). 

igi Seuracxyofilad grZnobs Tavs, radgan TviT mefe aietis 

gadawyvetlebas ar scems aravin pativs da kidev ufro metad umZafrdeba 

medeas mimarT siyvaruli (8. 302), roca misi samudamod dakargvis safrTxe 

Seiqmneba. iunos mier gamowveul grigalSi mdevar kolxebsa da 

argonavtebs Soris Setakebis dros tragikulad iRupeba, ise, rom 

aboboqrebul talRebSi Cavardnil ufliswuls veravin aRmouCens 

daxmarebas (8. 363-368). 

kolaqsesi – bisaltebis winamZRoli. persesis mokavSireTa Soris 

aris dasaxelebuli. igi RvTiuri warmomavlobisaa: iupiterisa da 

gvelisfexeba skviTiis qalRmerTis, horas vaJia, romelic iSva skviTiis 

sanapiroze, md. mirakesa da tibisusis maxloblad. flakusi Segnebulad 

amaxvilebs yuradRebas mis warmomavlobaze, ramdenadac am gmiris 

meSveobiT skviTebis RvTiur sawyisze migvaniSnebs. brZolis velze 

kolaqsesi didi aqtiurobiT gamoirCeva. man musri gaavlo kolxTa 

umetesobas. mas emsxverpla: gesiTousi (6. 637), hipetaoni (6. 637), arinesi (6. 

638), olbusi (6. 638), apresi (6. 638), Tidrusi (6. 639), monesusi (6. 651); masve 

ergo pativi SebrZoleboda argonavtTa meTaurs. kolaqsesma ganizraxa 

196

misi mokvla, esrola qva, Tumca qalRmerT iunos SewevniT argonavtTa 

meTauri uvnebeli gadarCa, xolo lodi yvelasaTvis ucnob da uCinar 

mebrZols, kolx monesuss moxvda (6. 650-1). kolaqsesis bedi gadawyvetili 

iyo. iupiters surda SvilisTvis sikvdili aeridebina, Tumca verc 

uzenaesma RvTaebam SeZlo pirmSosTvis dadgenili xvedris acileba (6. 

624-9). aseTi saxelovani gmiris damarcxebiT iasonma didi saxeli 

moixveWa. 

b) naklebad intensiurad moqmedi mniSvnelovani personaJebi: 

anavsisi – warCinebuli warmomavlobis alanTa da henioxTa 

sardali, persesis mokavSire. medeas erT-erTi xelismTxovneli (Sdr. 

stirusi, koastesi, mirakesi). igi jer kidev maSin ganewyo aietis mimarT 

mtrulad, rodesac man gadawyvita medea stirusisaTvis (albaneli 

ufliswuli) SeerTo colad (6. 43-44). RmerTebis nebieri anavsisi swored 

stirusis mier gangmiruli aResruleba brZolis velze (6. 265-278). 

ariasmenusi – skviTi mebrZoli. persesis damxmare laSqarSia 

dasaxelebuli. flakusis mier araerTgzis aris eqsponirebuli. avtors 

surs, misi simamace momaval Taobebs gadasces (6. 103-105). omis 

mamoZravebeli Zalaa, saomar etlze amxedrebuli brZolis velze daqris, 

erTaderTi survili amoZravebs, gaJlitos berZnebi da kolxebi (6. 386-389). 

tragikulia ariasmenusis aRsasruli, mas mteri verafers daaklebda, 

brZolaSi aTena palasi rom ar Careuliyo. roca ariasmenusi sabrZolo 

iaraRis gareSe rCeba, xteba etlidan da sakuTarive etlis basri 

namglebiT danawevrebuli esalmeba sicocxles (6. 423-426). 

koastesi – skviTi jadoqari. kolxidaSi xoaTrebsa da kentorebs 

mouZRvis aietis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad. medeas erT-erTi 

xelismTxovnelia. Tumca mas, sxva saqmroTagan (Sdr. anavsisi, stirusi, 

mirakesi) gansxvavebiT, arc medeas siyvaruli amoZravebs da arc 

brZolisadmi dauokebeli swrafva, aramed kolxi qalwulis saxeli. 

koastess medeasTan SeuRleba imitom surs, rom medea jadoqrobiT Sors 

aris saxelganTqmuli (6. 155-7). 

mirakesi – parTiis mefis elCi kolxebTan. medeas erT-erTi 

xelismTxovneli (Sdr. stirusi, anavsisi, koastesi). aRm. sanapirodan 

197

Cadis kolxidaSi im misiiT, rom parTelebsa da kolxebs Soris kavSiri 

gaamyaros. sanacvlod, oqros garda, jildod medeac eguleba. jer kidev 

aietsa da persess Soris omi ar iyo dawyebuli, mirakesi rom siyvaruliT 

ganimsWvala kolxi qalwulis mimarT. flakusi saguldagulod aRwers 

ucxoeli elCis Cacmulobas: mas Tavze saucxoo qsovilisgan Seqmnili 

patiosani TvlebiT Semkuli tiara mSobliur yaidaze axuravs. gamoirCeva 

saomari aRkazmulobiTa da mokle xmliT, romelic marjvena mxareze aqvs 

moqceuli. ymawvils ucxouri wawvetebuli fexsacmeli acvia da tans 

vefxvis tyavi umSvenebs. gamijnurebuli mirakesi, safrTxis miuxedavad, 

ar tovebs kolxidas da mamacurad ibrZvis Zmebs Soris gamarTul omSi. 

mas Tan axlavs saWurisi meabjre. TviTon etlze amxedrebuls gamudmebiT 

ieriSi miaqvs mterze. mirakess skviTi sienesi gangmiravs SubiT da mis 

nivTebs daepatroneba. 

Cveni azriT, valerius flakusTan tradiciisaTvis ucnobi amdeni, 

metwilad mis mier gamogonebuli, axali personaJis Semoyvana poemaSi 

ganpirobebuli unda iyos erTi mxriv istoriuli realobiT da, meore 

mxriv, sakuTriv kavkasiis mimarT interesis gazrdiT; am procesSi aseve 

mniSvnelovan faqtors warmoadgens flakusis survili, tradiciuli 

miTis epikuri damuSavebisas iyos misi didi winamorbedi epikosebis mimde- 

vari da amasTanave novatoric. 

198

IV. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis saxeldebis principebi 

flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~ bevri axali personaJi figurirebs: lem- 

noseli, kizikieli, kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli mravali axali saxe; 

CvenTvis niSandoblivia is damokidebuleba, rasac flakusi mis mier 

Seqmnil e. w. fsevdo-miTologiuri personaJebisadmi avlens. SeiZleba 

iTqvas, rom igi enobriv donezec axerxebs, erTmaneTisagan gamijnos 

gansxvavebuli warmomavlobis personaJebi. qvemoT warmovadgenT maTi 

saxelebis savaraudo warmomavlobas da vimsjelebT im principebze, rom- 

lebiTac, SesaZloa, flakusi xelmZRvanelobs personaJebis saxeldebis 

procesSi. 

flakusis mier saxeldebis principebis gamoyenebis specifikaze 

ufro reliefuri warmodgenis Sesaqmnelad lemnoseli da kizikieli 

personaJebis saxeldebis SemTxvevebs ganvixilavT. es saSualebas mogv- 

cems warmodgena SeviqmnaT imaze, saxelTa SerCevisas flakusi erTiani 

principebiT sargeblobs, Tu kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis 

SemTxvevaSi igi ramdenadme gansxvavebul gzas irCevs. 

1. lemnoseli personaJebis saxelebi 

lemnosis epizodSi hifsipiles, misi macnisa (ifinoe) 285 da ZiZis 

(poluqso) 286 garda gvxvdeba 7 axali personaJi, romelTagan 4 aris mamaka- 

ci (amiTaoni, 2.162; doriklusi, 2.149; kodrusi, 2.136ff.; oleniusi, 2.163) da 3 

qali (driope, 2.174; evrinome, 2.136ff; neera, 2.141). am epizods, romelic 

argonavtTa Tqmulebis tradiciul siuJetur elements warmoadgens, roma- 

eli epikosi sakmaod avrcobs iseTi inovaciiT, rac flakusamdeli tradi- 

ciisaTvis ucxoa, mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs venusis transformacia erT-erT 

lemnosel qalad da aseve moqmedebaSi qalRmerT famas CarTva. rogorc 

Cans, am personaJebs flakusi venusis intrigis asaxvis aucileblobidan 

gamomdinare qmnis. venusi imis gamo, rom Suri iZios lemnosel qalebze, 

gadawyvets, maT ubedureba daatexos Tavs. igi mokavSireobas sTxovs 

famas (Worisa da avsityvaobis qalRmerTs) da avalebs, lemnosel 

asulebSi xma gaavrcelos, rom maT meuRleebi samarcxvinod Ralatoben 

Trakiel qalebTan. am epizodSi dasaxelebuli arcerTi personaJs ar 

285 ÆIfinovh: Ap.Rhod.Arg.1.702; Iphinoe: Hyg.Fab.15; Val.Flacc.2.162, 2.327. 

286 Poluxwv: Ap. Rhod.Arg.1.668; Polyxo: Hyg.Fab.15.5; Val. Flacc. 2.316. 

199

gaaCnia statistze aRmatebuli funqcia. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, aq 

gvxvdeba sami lemnoseli qali: driope, evrinome da neera. venusi erT- 

erTi maTganis, driopes saxiT moevlineba lemnosel qalebs, fama ki 

neeras saxiT ewveva evrinomes da atyobinebs, rom misma qmarma kodrusma 

moiyvana Trakieli coli, anu, faqtobrivad, aq CvenTvis sainteresoa 

mxolod evrinomes figura; Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, evrinomes saxiT 

flakusi lemnoseli qalebis ganzogadebul tips gvTavazobs; evrinome 

sanimuSo colia da rudunebiT ufrTxildeba Tavis sarecels occupat 

exesam curis castumque cubile / servantem, 2, 137, qmris erTgulia ...manet illa viro, 2. 

138, Tumca mas Semdeg, rac qmris RalatSi darwmundeba, mzad aris 

daundoblad iZios Suri Tavis meuRleze. is, Tu rogor detalurad 

aRwers flakusi lemnoseli qalebis SurisZiebis scenebs, aseve mis 

gansxvavebul xedvis maneraze metyvelebs. igi ar ifargleba mxolod 

informaciis konstataciiT, aramed ise ostaturad agebs scenebs, rom 

gveqmneba STabeWdileba, TiTqos mZafrsiuJetian films vuyurebT. 

rac Seexeba lemnoseli personaJebis saxeldebas, yuradReba unda 

mivaqcioT im garemeobas, rom yvela es saxeli sakmaod gavrcelebulia 

antikur onomastikaSi. 287 

2. kizikieli personaJebis saxelebi 

dolionebis epizods, iseve rogorc lemnosis ambebs, sakmaod didi 

adgili uWiravs flakusis àrgonavtikaSi~. bunebrivia, am e. w. niktomaqiis 

aRwerisas flakusi tradiciulad cnobil siuJets eyrdnoba, Tumca am 

SemTxvevaSic epikuri Txrobis misTvis damaxasiaTebeli maneriT avrcobs 

da amdidrebs mas e. w. fsevdo-miTologiuri personaJebiT. 

apolonios rodoselTan 12 dolioneli personaJi gvxvdeba. maT 

statistebis funqcia aqvT. sqema aris aseTi: A (argonavti) klavs B-s 

(dolionels): herakle klavs telekless (I 1040) da megabrontess (I 1041); 

287 amiTaoni (Apd.1.9.11, 1.7.7; Dio.4.68.3, 4.69.3; Hes.CWE.13; Hom.Od.11.258); doriklusi (Apd.3.12.5; 

Hom.Il.11.489; Hyg.Fab.90; Ver.Aen.5.621; Oly.10.67); kodrusi (Hdt.1.147, 9.97; Pau.1.19.5, 1.39.4, 7.2.1, 

7.2.8, 7.2.10, 7.3.3, 7.3.5-7; Strab.9.1.7, 14.1.3); oleniusi (Olenus: Hyg.Ast.2.13; Ov.Met.12.433, 10.68; Sdr. 

Olenius: Stat.Theb.12.741); driope (Lib.Met.32; Ov.Met.9.329ff., 9.350ff.; Aen.10.550ff.; Sdr. 

Stat.Theb.2.613; 287 evrinome (Apd.3.9.2; Hyg.Fab.70; Apd.1.2.2, 1.3.1, 3.12.6; Arg.1.503; Hes.The.907; 

Nonn.2.573; Hom.Od.17.495; Ov.Met.4.208ff.; Hes.CWE.7; Hyg.Fab.157); neera (Apd.2.1.2; Apd. Library 3.5.6; 

Apd.3.9.1-2; Sdr. Pau.8.4.6; QS.1.292). 

200

akastosi _ sfodriss (I 1041); pelevsi _ Zelissa (I 1042) da gefiross (I 

1042); telamoni _ basilevss (I 1043), idasi _ promevss (I 1044), klitiosi _ 

hiakinToss (I 1044), tindaridebi _ megalosakessa (I 1045) da flogioss (I 

1045), oinidi _ itomenevss (I 1046) da artakess (I 1047). epiTetebis doneze 

am gmirTa Soris gamoirCevian gefirosi (ajrhivqoo~ `guladi~), itomenevsi 

(qrasuv~ `mamaci~) da artakesi (provmo~ ajndrw`n `vaJkacTa sardali~). apolo- 

niosTan mTels niqtomaqias 8 striqoni eTmoba (I 1040-1047). es imitom, rom 

elinist poets zogadad arc ainteresebs bataluri scenebis aRwera, 

mokled ayalibebs Tavis saTqmels: meomrebs, romlebic brZolis velze 

daecnen, axlac pativiT moixsenieben iqauri mkvidrni, danarCenebi ki 

simxdalis gamo Sedarebulia dafrTxal mtredTa gundebs (I 1047-1050). 

samagierod, es ambavi mas ainteresebs erT-erTi aitiis gadmocemis 

konteqstSi. 

flakusTan kizikusTan dakavSirebuli ambebis aRweras 400-ze meti 

striqoni eTmoba (3. 43-458). uSualod brZolis peripetiebi mesame wignis 

95-e striqonidan iwyeba da 116 str. eTmoba Ramiseuli brZolis scenebs. 288 

valerius flakusTan kizikusis epizodSi dasaxelebulia sul 38 axali 

figura. rogorc apolonios rodoselTan, aqac maT statistis funqcia 

aqvT, 289 informacia maT Sesaxeb aseTi tipisaa: A (argonavti) klavs B-s 

(kizikiels): tidevsi koriTuss (98-107); pelevsi ambrosiuss (138); ankevsi 

exekluss (138-9); nestori amastruss (145); fliasi oxuss (148-9); poluqsi 

hebruss (149); iasoni klavs: Zeliss, brontess, abriss, glavkuss, haliss, 

protiss, dorkevss. Tumca, ar SeiZleba yuradReba ar mivaqcioT flakusis 

mcdelobas, am simravleSi ramdenime personaJis aqcentirebiT isini Cven- 

Tvis dasamaxsovrebeli gaxados, Tundac umniSvnelo StrixiT. 290 

axla ufro dawvrilebiT ganvixiloT, vin arian es personaJebi: 

pirveli, vinc Ramiseul SetakebaSi kvdeba, aris kizikieli koriTusi (95- 

112), romelic imdenad axovania, rom evritusma Tavi Seikava, mas Sebmoda, 

288 

brZolis detaluri aRwera ix.: E. Burk, Kampf und Tod des Cyzicus bei Valerius Flaccus: Mélanges 

Marcel Durry, REL 47, 1970, 187. 

289 statistebi: ironi (111), kotisi (112), bienori, pirnusi (112) – bienoris mama (112), 

telekooni (140), krenevsi – ornitusis mama (178), itisi (189), hagesi (191), Tafsusi (191), 

nealkesi (191), kidrusi (192). 

290 genisusi (114-116); medoni (117-120), flegiasi (124-137), admoni (167-172), ornitusi (173-180), 

sagesi (181-185). 

201

tidevsma ki oleniuri Subi gauqana. momakvdavi koriTusi cdilobs Subis 

amoRebas, romelic sisxliT wiTlad aris SeRebili. amis Semdeg flakusi 

warmogvidgens sam kizikiels (113-132), romlebic qalaqidan moiCqarian 

brZolaSi Casabmelad. vxvdebiT genisuss, romelsac colma iaraRi da- 

umala, Tumca buxarSi aalebuli cecxlis wyalobiT mamacma gmirma mainc 

ipova saWurveli da brZolis velisken gaswia (114ff.); mzrunvelma colma, 

mcdelobis miuxedavad, mainc ver SeZlo, daexsna sayvareli qmari 

bediswerisgan: telis gaudes, miserande, repertis (116). qurumi medoni, rogorc ki 

gaigebs sabrZolo mowodebas, miatovebs dawyebul msxverplSewirvas da 

mterTan saomrad emzadeba, gansakuTrebiT amaRelvebelia CvenTvis misi 

sikvdili: inde vagi nec bella modis nec casibus isdem / conseruere manu et longe iacuere 

perempti (123f.). mesame kizikieli, romelic Cvens yuradRebas ipyrobs, aris 

flegiasi, igi pelasgel Tamiriss uxmobs, sjera, rom es Cveuli 

Tavdasxmaa mtrisagan (124-132). igi herkulesis msxverpli xdeba (133-137). sa- 

marTlianad SeniSnavs e. liuTe: ès sami personaJi isea warmodgenili 

flakusis mier, rom maTi sikvdili gansakuTrebiT moqmedebs mkiT- 

xvelze~. 291 momdevno monakveTSi flakusi masobriv scenas warmogvidgens, 

sadac 17 kizikieli esalmeba sicocxles (138-185). poeti kvlav imas 

cdilobs, rom imoqmedos mkiTxvelze. nestori yovelgvari gulmowya- 

lebis gareSe uswordeba amastruss da axarebs mdidari alafi (145); 

sakmaod mkacria herkulesis sityvebi, rodesac momakvdav kizikiel admons 

mimarTavs: òccumbens i nunc~ ait `Herculis armis / donum ingens semperque tuis 

memorabere fatis~ (169f.). stumarTmoyvare ornitusis sikvdilic tragikulia, 

mas klavs idmoni, romelsac manamde kizikielma ZRveni usaxsovra (173-177). 

SeiZleba iTqvas, ZiriTadad es personaJebi flakuss ainteresebs 

imdenad, ramdenadac argonavtebis (iasoni, 151-160; herkulesi, 161-172; idmo- 

ni, 173-180; hilasi, 181-185; dioskurebi, 186-197; telamoni, 198-206) aristiebs 

warmogvidgens maTi meSveobiT, Tumca isic aSkaraa, rom ramdenime maTgani 

udavod mkiTxvelis TanagrZnobas iwvevs. 

brZolis mizezia, daisajos kizikusi hibrisis gamo, mas Semdeg, rac 

kizikusi kvdeba, impia bella mTavrdeba (253). argonavtebi Tavs icaven da 

291 E. Lüthje, Gehalt und Aufriss der Argonautica des Valerius Flaccus, Diss., Kiel 1971, 98. 

202

mters ar uSindebian, surT mtris winaSe mamacebi gamoCndenen (iasoni 80f.), 

mTels Zal-Rones ar iSureben (tidevsi 103ff.), momakvdav mterzec ki surT 

STabeWdilebis moxdena (herkulesi 169). Tumca maTi garja amaoa, saxelis 

moxveWas aseT omSi azri ara aqvs. flakusi amas gacilebiT sagrZnobs 

xdis, rodesac kizikusis meomrebs moixseniebs rogorc infelix manus (95), 

TanagrZnoba maTi xvedris aRwerisas swored amisi dasturia. 

sainteresoa, ra saxelebs urCevs flakusi kizikiel gmirebs; 38 ki- 

zikieli personaJis saxelTagan 30 antikur avtorebTan dasturdeba sxva- 

dasxva personaJebis aRsaniSnavad, 292 9 saxeli ki antikuri samyaros ono- 

mastikaSi dadasturebuli elementebis kombinaciiT unda Seeqmna 

avtors. 293 Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT zemoT moyvanil informacias, SegviZlia 

darwmunebiT vTqvaT, rom flakusi lemnosel da kizikiel personaJebis 

ZiriTadad antikuri samyaros enobrivi arealidan urCevs saxelebs, gaci- 

lebiT mravalferovania misi principebi kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli per- 

sonaJebis saxeldebisas. 

3. kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis saxelebi 

rasakvirvelia, rodesac kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli personaJebis 

saxelebs vikvlevT, Cven am SemTxvevaSi ar vcdilobT maTi etimologiebis 

warmodgenas, radgan savsebiT SesaZlebelia berZnul metyvel saxelSi esa 

Tu is fuZe etimologiurad ukavSirdebodes winaberZnul an sxva rome- 

lime enobriv garemos, iseve rogorc winaaziur saxelebSi dadasturebul 

292 abarisi (Hdt.4.36; Ver.Aen.9.344; Ov.Met.5.86,); amastrusi (Verg.Aen.XI 674); ambrosiusi 

(ÆAmbrwseuv~: Paus.10.36.1; ÒAmbrwso~: Pol.4.25; Strab.9.423); aresi (ix. ÒArh~); bienori (Hom.Il.11.92; 

Ov.Met.345); brontesi (Hes.Theog.140; Eustath.Od.1622,50; Apollod.I.1,2; Verg.Aen.8.425); glavkusi (ix. 

Glau'ko~); dorkevsi (Ovid.met.III 210; Hyg.fab.181; Sdr. Stat.Theb.9.809); erimusi (Verg.Aen.10.702; 

ÒErumo~: Hom.Il.16.345); exeklusi (ÆEceklhv~: Hom.Il.16.189); zelisi (Zevlu~: Ap. Rhod. I.1042); itisi 

(Apd.3.14.8; Eur.Her.1018; Hyg.Fab.239; Verg.Aen.9.574); koriTusi (Apollod. III 104; Verg. Aen. III 167. VII 

209; Ov.Met.12.290ff., 5.125;); kotisi (Kovtu~: DH.1.27.1-2; Hdt.4.45); krenevsi (Ov.Met.12.310; Sdr. 

Stat.Theb.5.221, 9.319); medoni (Hom.Il.716-728; Hyg.Fab.134; Ov.Met.3.581-691; Hom.Il.17.216. 

Verg.Aen.6.483; Ovid.met.12.303); melanTusi (Ov.Met.3.581-691); nealkesi (Verg.Aen.10.753; 

Plin.35.11.40-43); niseusi (Aes.LB.619; Apd.3.15.5, 3.15.7-8; Hes.CWE.7; Hyg.Fab.198, 242; Ov.Met.8.145); 

oleniusi (Olenus: Hyg.Ast.2.13; Ov.Met.12.433, 10.68); ornitusi (Ap. Rhod.Arg.1.207, 2.65; 

Verg.Aen.11.678ff.); ofeltesi (Apd.1.9.14, 3.6.4; Hyg.Fab.74; Sdr. Stat.Theb.4.741, 5.534ff., 5.632); 

oxusi (ÇWco~: Ptol.6.11.2; Strab.11.518; Plin.6,16,18,48); protisi (Prwtiv~: Theocr.13,25.2); flegiasi 

(Apd.3.5.5, 3.10.3; Hom.Asc.16; Hes.CWE.89; Ov.Met.5.87; Sdr. Stat.Theb.3.79, 7.711, 8.688); fokevsi 

(Fokeuv~: Aesch.Ag.881; Eur.I.T.917; halisi (Verg.Aen.9.765; Sdr. Stat.Theb.2.574); hebrusi Verg. Ecl. 

10.65; Verg.Aen.10.697, 12.331; Hor. Carm. 3.25.10; Sdr. Stat. Theb. 7.66, 10.315). 

293 aq vgulisxmobT Semdegi personaJebis saxelebs: admoni, genisusi, Tapsusi, ironi, 

kidrusi, pirnusi, sagesi, telekooni, hagesi. 

203

fuZeebs SeiZleba hqondeT sul sxvadasxva etimologia da 

dakavSirebulni iyvnen indoevropul, semitur an kavkasiur enobriv 

samyarosTan. aseve, rodesac garkveul saxelebs vaTavsebT skviTur an 

sparsul jgufSi, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom skviTuri ena TavisTavad 

ekuTvnoda iranul enaTa jgufs da am SemTxvevaSi Zalze Znelia zusti 

zRvaris gavleba, romeli fuZea wminda skviTuri da romeli sparsuli. 

swored amitom Cven warmomavlobaze msjelobisas ZiriTadad gvaintere- 

sebs valerius flakusisaTvis cnobili romeli enobrivi garemodan Se- 

iZleboda moexdina avtors ama Tu im fuZis gamoyeneba an sxvadasxva 

elementebTan kombinireba. 

3.1. e. w. metyveli saxelebi 

akvitesi (Aquites) 294 – kolxi misani. a. heereni 295 am saxels 

ukavSirebs Aquitani formas, amave Tvalsazriss eTanxmeba h. vismani 296 , 

Tumca Cven ufro sarwmunod migvaCnia mosazreba, rom saxelis warmo- 

ebisas, SesaZloa, flakusi laT. formativs aqua `wyali~ da berZnulSi 

gavrcelebul saxelis mawarmoebel sufiqs -th" gamoiyenebs, rasac 

amyarebs TviT flakusTan am personaJis Sesaxeb daculi informacia, 

akvitesi mdinare fazisis RvTaebis qurumia. 

ambenusi (Ambenus) 297 – skviTi meomari. flakusi poemaSi asaxelebs 

amave saxelwodebis mTas sarmatiaSi (6. 85), romelsac zogierTi mecnieri 

am personaJis saxels ukavSirebs. 298 ambenusis etimologias, Cveulebriv, 

gal. ambis, laT. amnis, sanskr. amba `wyali~ formativebTan akavSireben. 

saxeli unda miekuTvnebodes getur an bastarnul nomenklaturas. 299 

anavsisi (Anausis) 300 – persesis mokavSire. henioxebisa da alanebis 

sardali. warmoebisas, SesaZloa, flakusi an antikuri epoqis ono- 

mastikaSi farTod gavrcelebul anau- elements iyenebdes an e. w. metyvel 

saxels berZn. ajnauv-w `yvirili~ zmnidan awarmoebdes. aseve SesaZloa, rom 

flakusi am saxels qmnides eTnonimidan Anasi, romelic erTxel aris 

294 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 294-316. 

295 

A. Heeren, De chronographia a Valerio Flacco adhibita, diss. Göttingen 1899, 20. 

296 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 127. 

297 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6.250-251. 

298 

Tomaschek, Ambenus mons, RE, I.2, 1797. 

299 


300 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 42-47, 265-278. 

204

moxseniebuli pliniusTan (Plin. Nat. 6. 22). am varauds amyarebs aseTi tipis 

monacvleobaTa sxva magaliTebic: Colaxais / Colaxes, Auchates / Auchus, Tyra / 

Tyras, Bastarnae / Batarnae, Thyssagetes / Thyrsagetes. 301 

apresi (Apres) 302 – kolxi meomari. flakusi, SesaZloa, iyenebdes aper, 

apri `taxi~ mniSvnelobis mqone fuZes an Zveli samyaros onomastikaSi 

dadasturebul apr- elements. 303 

gelasi (Gelas) 304 – hirkanieli meomari. SesaZloa, flakusi Zvel 

samyaroSi gavrcelebul onomastikur gela- fuZes gamoiyenebs, romelic, 

metwilad, berZn. gelavw `sicili~ zmnis semantikasTan aris dakavSirebuli. 

gesanderi (Gesander) 305 – iazigi sardali. saxelis warmomavloba 

ucnobia. 306 warmoebisas, SesaZloa, flakusi laT. gero, gessi `vatareb, 

vawarmoeb~ (bellum gerere òmis warmoeba~) da berZn. ajnhvr, ajndrov" `mamakaci~ 

komponentebs gamoiyenebs (Sdr. Thessandrus, berZeni gmiri vergiliusTan 

Aen. II, 261). h. kostlini ukavSirebs am saxels gaesum sityvas „Subis“ 

mniSvnelobiT. 307 

gesiTousi (Gessithous) 308 – kolxi meomari. SesaZloa, flakusi laT. 

gero, gessi `vatareb, vawarmoeb~ da berZn. qoov" `swrafi~ komponentebs 

gamoiyenebs. kompozitis meore Semadgenel nawilTan dakavSirebiT 

aRsaniSnavia, rom flakusTan am fuZis Semcveli sxva personaJTa 

saxelebic dasturdeba: a. m., amaZoni Toe Thoe `swrafi~ (6. 375) da nereisi 

kimoToe Cymothoe `swrafi talRa~ (2. 605). vergiliusTan am saxeliT mo- 

ixsenieba zRvis nimfa (Verg. Aen. I 144). rac Seexeba konteqsts, sadac per- 

sonaJi gesiTousia moxseniebuli, flakusis fraza Hypetaona Gessithoumque 

exmianeba vergiliusiseul: Thesea Pirithoumque (Aen. 6.393), Ixiona Pirithoumque 

(Aen. 6.601). 

301 

A. Heeren, Göttingen 1899, 57; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 36; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 344. 

302 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 638. 

303 


304 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 203-218. 

305 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 122-128, 6. 279-316, 6. 374-380. 

306 

A. Heeren, Göttingen 1899, 21; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 122. 

307 

H. Köstlin, Zu Valerius Flaccus, Philologus 39, 1880, 438. 

308 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 637. 

205

dipsasi (Dipsas) 309 – kolxi meomari. unda aRiniSnos, rom amave 

saxelwodebis mdinare arsebobda kilikiaSi. warmoebisas, SesaZloa, 

flakusi am personaJis saxels berZn. Divya" gvelis saxeobas ànkaras~ (Nic. 

Ther. 334 ff.) ukavSirebs, romlis kbenac dauokebel wyurvils iwvevs da 

Seesabameba diyavw zmnis semantikas. 310 

vanusi (Vanus) 311 – persesis mokavSire. hirkanieli misani. SesaZloa 

es personaJi Seqmnilia staciusis amfiarausis analogiiT. CvenTvis aseve 

sainteresoa tacitusTan dadasturebuli saxeli vaniusi (Tac. Ann. 2.63, 

12.29), romelic sakmaod cnobili figura yofila. SesaZloa, flakusi metri 

causa vaniuss cvlis vanusad. 312 arc is aris gamoricxuli, rom warmoebisas, 

flakusi laT. leqsikur formativs vanus gamoiyenebs mniSvnelobiT 

`carieli, amao~. 

zakorusi (Zacorus) 313 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmoebisas, 

SesaZloa, flakusi saxels berZn. leqsikuri formatividan zavkoro" `taZris 

msaxuri~ awarmoebs, Tumca a. heereni ar eTanxmeba am mosazrebas da gvTa- 

vazobs Pacorus koniunqturas. pakorusi iyo parTelTa mefe, romelic 

krasusma daamarcxa Zv. w. 53 w. (Hor. Carm. 3.6.9). 314 

Tidrusi (Thydrus) 315 – kolxi meomari. flakusis mixedviT, igi md. 

fasisis napirebTan Caisaxa kavkasosis mier, romelic, Cveulebisamebr, 

mamiseul faras mwyemsavda; swored aqedan momdinareobs Tidrusis met- 

saxeli `fasisis msaxuri~; saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. warmoebisas 

flakusi, SesaZloa, iyenebdes quv- elements `msxverplSewirvis~ da drav-w 

komponents `vakeTeb, vmoqmedeb~ mniSvnelobiT. 

kelenevsi (Celaeneus) 316 – kimerieli misani. sainteresoa saxelis 

warmomavloba. pindarosis odebis sqolioebSi `Savgvreman kolxebTan~ 

dakavSirebiT vxvdebiT sqoliastis SeniSvnas: èrTni amboben, rom es 

niSnavs `saxiT SeSinebuls~, radgan `kelainoss~ xmaroben `SeSinebis~ 

309 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 192 

310 

Sdr. H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 93. 

311 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 114-119. 

312 

A. Heeren, Göttingen 1899, 16; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 62; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347. 

313 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 554 

314 


315 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 639. 

316 Val. Flacc. Arg. 3. 406. 

206

mniSvnelobiT. xolo sxvebi amboben, rom skviTebi egviptelTa kolonis- 

tebi arian, amitomaa, rom amboben, Savkanianebi ariano. xolo safiqrebe- 

lia, rom isini (marTlac) egviptelTa kolonistebi arian~; T. yaux- 

CiSvilis azriT, am sityvis kavSiri `SeSinebasa~ da `gaocebasTan~ 

(kataplhktikov~ da katavplhxi~) ar dgindeba: ùTuod isini, vinc ar 

scnobdnen kolxTa kavSirs egviptelebTan, ver xsnidnen maT Savgvrema- 

nobas da upoves aseTi axsna pindarosis cnobas – argonavtebi 

SeebrZolnen SeSinebul (Tu gaocebul) kolxebs – maxvili kolxebis sxva 

Tvisebaze gaakeTes. aq Cans berZnis damokidebuleba araberZnis mimarT~. 317 

kelainov~ niSnavs `Savs~, `muqs~, `bnels~, am sityvis semantika rom flaku- 

sisTvisac niSandoblivia, mis mier poemaSi mowodebuli informaciac 

cxadyofs: misani kelenevsi Savi tanisamosiT aris mosili ...atraque sedens in 

veste Celaeneus (3. 406), amdenad, es saxeli aSkarad metyvel saxelTa rigs 

miekuTvneba. 

keramnusi (Ceramnus) 318 – skviTi meomari. sxva wyaro skviT keramnuss 

ar ixseniebs. saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. warmoebisas, SesaZloa, 

flakusi iyenebs berZ. kevramo" mniSvnelobiT `Tixa~. 319 

latrisi (Latris) 320 – persesis mokavSire. iberieli sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatoris mixedviT, es saxeli Crd. SavizRvispireTTan dakavSirebiT 

sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 321 saxelis warmoebisas flakusi, sava- 

raudod, iyenebs antikurobaSi gavrcelebul latr- elements, rac metyvel 

saxelTa rigs miekuTvneba `msaxuris, macnis, qurumis~ mniSvnelobiT (Sdr. 

aseve Plin. Nat. 4.97 insulam Latrim). 

leqsanori (Lexanor) 322 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmomavloba 

ucnobia, Tumca arcTu iSviaTad gvxvdeba berZn. saxelebi -anwr dabolo- 

ebiT. albaT, es saxeli dakavSirebulia lex- (Leleges) fuZesTan, Tu gaviTva- 

liswinebT imasac, rom -anwr daboloeba ajnhvr formatividan momdinareobs, 

leqsanori SeiZleba gavigoT rogorc mWevrmetyveli. 

317 T. yauxCiSvili, 1976, 39. 

318 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 550. 


320 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 121. 

321 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 64; Franke, Latris, RE, XII.1, 978; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 348. 

322 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 686. 

207

medoresi (Medores) 323 – hirkanieli meomari. saxelis warmoebisas 

flakusi Zvel samyaroSi gavrcelebul onomastikur med- fuZes 

gamoiyenebs, romelic, metwilad, berZn. mhvdomai `vzrunav, ganvizraxav~ 

zmnis semantikasTan aris dakavSirebuli: Sdr. aseve Mevdwn, Mhvdeia. 

SesaZloa, es saxeli aseve davukavSiroT troelTa erT-erT mokavSires 

Mevdwn-s (Hom. Il. 17. 216, Sdr. aseve Verg. Aen. VI 483) an kentavrs, romelic 

ovidiusTan gvxvdeba (Ov. Met. 12. 303). 324 

3.2. antikur avtorebTan dadasturebuli saxelebi 

aroni (Aron) 325 – aietis mokavSire. sakmaod gavrcelebuli saxelia 

antikur wyaroebSi. 326 am saxels atarebs sxvadasxva regionTan dakavSire- 

buli araerTi piri (PGE). aris mcdeloba, es saxeli daukavSiron sofels 

dalmatiur sanapiroze (Aronia, RE, II 1, 1215). 327 

evriale (Euryale) 328 – aietis mokavSire. amaZoni. ase hqvia erT-erT 

gorgonas (Hes. Theog. 276, Pind. Pyth. 12, 20, Apollod. II, 4, 2, 7), aseve minosis 

asuls, romelmac poseidonTan SeuRlebiT Sva orioni (Arat. 322, Hyg. astr. II 

34). 329 rogorc amaZonis saxeli, mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba. 

zetesi (Zetes) 330 – kolxi meomari. aRsaniSnavia, rom amave saxels 

atarebs argonavti Zetesi. rogorc kolxi meomris saxeli, mxolod fla- 

kusTan gvxvdeba, amdenad, savaraudod, igi mis mier Seqmnili personaJia. 

Toe (Thoe) 331 – amaZoni meomari qali. gavrcelebuli saxelia 

antikur wyaroebSi. am saxels atarebs okeanosisa da teTisis asuli (Hes. 

th. 354), nerevsisa da dorisis asuli (Il. 18. 40). 332 Toe, rogorc amaZonis 

saxeli, mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba, amdenad, savaraudod igi mis mier 

Seqmnili personaJia. 

323 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 203-218. 


325 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 587-592; 6. 524-541. 

326 Hoefer, Arron, RE, II 1, 1260. 


328 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 611-614, 6. 370-379. 

329 Wagner, Euryale, RE, VI.1, 1316-17. 

330 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 572. 

331 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 375. 

332 G. Türk, Thoe, RE, VI A.1, 303. 

208

idasmenusi (Idasmenus) 333 – skviTi meomari. ar aris gamoricxuli, am 

SemTxvevaSi flakusi saxels ori komponentidan Idas, romelic antiku- 

robaSi gavrcelebuli sakuTari saxelia (a. m. idasi ewodeba erT-erT 

argonavts) da meno-dan awarmoebdes, Sdr. Ariasmenus. SeiZleba vivaraudoT, 

rom idasmenusi flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia. 

kirnusi (Cyrnus) 334 – kolxi meomari. sakmaod gavrcelebuli saxelia 

antikur onomastikaSi. am saxels atarebs sxvadasxva regionTan 

dakavSirebuli araerTi piri (PGE). aseve cnobilia amave saxelwodebis 

mdinare, romelic kaspiis zRvaSi Caedineba (Plut. Pomp. 34. 35, Dio Cass. 36.53, 

54) da romelic md. kirosis sinonimia. 335 kolxi kirnusi mxolod fla- 

kusTan gvxvdeba, sxva wyaro mas ar ixseniebs. 336 

like (Lyce) 337 – amaZoni meomari qali. es saxeli dasturdeba 

horaciusTan, kerZod, ase iwodeba horaciusis satrfo (Hor. Od. 4, 13). like 

rogorc amaZonis saxeli, mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba. albaT, igi mis 

mier gamogonili personaJia. 

meotisi (Maeotis) 338 – nimfa. pevkonis deda. saxeli ukavSirdeba 

amJamindeli azovis zRvis Zvel saxelwodebas, meotisi akavSirebda 

kimeriul bosfoross pontos evqsinosTan. 339 igi aris agreTve Savi zRvis 

Crd.-aRm. mdebare mxare, zogierTi ganmartebiT, skviTia, sadac aris 

meotisis tba (Schol. ad Aeneid. VI, 799). zogierTi gadmocemiT, heliosis 

vaJebs samflobelod Semdegi miwebi ergoT: aiets meotisi da kolxeTi, 

persess ki _ tavria (Schol. ad Ap. Rhod. III 200). Maiw'ti~ livmnh (Maeotes lacus Plin. 

n. h. IV 84; Maeotica palus II 168; Maeotis, Maeotis lacus IV 75; Maeotius lacus IV 76) 

formis gverdiT dasturdeba ioniuri forma Maih'ti~ (Herod. IV 20-123). 

laTinurSi dasturdeba aseve naT. br. formiT Maeotidis, iSviaTad Maeotis 

(Cic. Tuscul. V 17, Plin. IV 84). flakusTan am saxels atarebs mis mier 

gamogonili nimfa. 

333 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 196-99. 

334 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 297. 

335 Tomaschek, Cyrni, RE, IV.2, 1943-1944. 


337 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 374. 

338 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 565. 

339 Herrmann, Maiotis, RE, XIV. 1, 590-592. 

209

menipe (Menippe) 340 – amaZoni meomari qali. ase ewodeba nerevsisa da 

dorisis asuls (Hes. th. 260). 341 menipe rogorc amaZonis saxeli, mxolod 

flakusTan gvxvdeba. savaraudod, igi mis mier gamogonili personaJi unda 

iyos. 

pevke (Peuce) 342 – nimfa. am saxelwodebis kunZuli uZvelesi wyaros, 

apolonios rodoselis, mixedviT istrosis SesarTavSi mdebareobda, 

CrdiloeTiT Navrhko~ stovma, xolo samxreTiT Kalo;n stovma esazRvreboda; 

es kunZuli sakmaod xSirad dasturdeba romael avtorebTanac: Lucan. III 

201f., Martial. VII 54, 3. 343 sakmaod did mniSvnelobas aniWebs am adgils 

valerius flakusic, romelic ramdenimegzis moixseniebs mas (8. 256, 293, 

376f.), ramdenadac swored aq imarTeba iasonisa da medeas qorwili. 

sainteresoa aseve is faqtic, rom am kunZulis saxelis mqone nimfasac 

igonebs da aseT ambavs akavSirebs masTan: nimfa pevkesTvis namusi auxdia 

mdinare istrusis RvTaebas; niSandoblivia, rom flakusi am konteqstiT 

iasonisa da medeas uiRblo qorwinebaze migvaniSnebs. 

sibotesi (Sibotes) 344 – kolxi meomari. sibotesi sakmaod 

gavrcelebuli berZnuli saxelia (PGE). skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT es 

personaJi sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 345 albaT, is flakusis mier 

gamogonili personaJia. 

sinope (Sinope) 346 _ nimfa. am saxeliT antikur wyaroebSi dasturdeba 

elinuri qalaqi pontos samxr. sanapiroze, paflagoniis naxevarkunZulze, 

(as)siriad wodebul mxareSi (Skyl. 89, Dionys. perieg. 772 da Schol. Nikeph. 761, 

Eustath. zu Dionys. 775. 1166, Schol. Apoll. Rhod. II 946). mela mas xalibebTan 

ganaTavsebs (Mela I 105). herodotosi sinopes adgilmdebareobas amgvarad 

gansazRvravda: ` egvipte mdebareobs mTiani kilikiis pirdapir. aqedan 

sinopemde, romelic evqsinos pontosTanaa, xuTi dRis pirdapiri gzaa 

msubuqad SeiaraRebuli kacisaTvis. xolo sinope mdebareobs im adgilis 

pirdapir, sadac istrosi zRvas erTvis~ (II, 34). polibiosi gadmogvcems, 

340 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 377. 

341 Gunning, Menippe, RE, XV.1 860-861. 

342 Val. Flacc. Arg. 8. 217. 

343 E. Polaschek, Peuce, RE, XIX.2, 1384-1390. 

344 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 248-50. 


346 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 109. 

210

om sinope mdebareobs pontos marcxena mxares, vinc fasisSi micuravs da 

mdebareobs zRvaSi SeWril naxevarkunZulze, romlis yelic uerTdeba 

azias (Polyb. IV, 56, 5). sinope adridanve daukavSirda argonavtebis 

Tqmulebas (Strab. I, 46). mas saxeli unda mieRo amaZoni sinopesagan (Ps. – 

Skymn. 941. Anon. peripl. Pont. Eux. 21. Nikeph. 761 f. Dionys. perieg. 775 f. Fest. Avien. 951 

f., Schol. Apoll. Rhod. II 946). misi Tavi gamosaxulia sinopes monetebze. sinope 

dauarsebiaT iasonis Tanamgzavrs, argonavt avtolikoss, deileonsa da 

flogioss (Ps. Skymn. 944 f.). avtolikosi lukulusis drosac iTvleboda, 

rogorc oijkisthv~ da Tayvans scemdnen mas, rogorc RmerTs. arsebobda misi 

orakulic (Strab. XII, 546; Plut. Luk. 23; Appian. Mithr. 83). 347 

strimoni (Strymon) 348 – kolxi meomari. hesiodesTan am saxeliT 

dasturdeba mdinaris RmerTi, teTisisa da okeanosis vaJi (Hes. th. 339). 

aseve SesaZloa, es saxeli davukavSiroT amave saxelwodebis sasazRvro 

mdinares Strumwvn makedoniasa da Trakias Soris (Verg. Aen. X 265; Sdr. Stat. 

Theb. 5,188), Sdr. aseve Strymonius – troeli meomari vergiliusTan (Aen. X 

414). 349 savaraudod, strimoni flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia. 

tagesi (Tages) 350 – skviTi meomari. es saxeli sakmaod gavrcelebulia 

egviptur da berZnul-romaul onomastikaSi. 351 igi gvxvdeba ovidiusTan 

etruski personaJis aRsaniSnavad (Ov. Met. 15.558); aseve vxvdebiT am saxels 

staciusTanac (Stat. Theb. 9.270). etimologiis cdas ukve antikur wyaroebSi 

gvTavazoben: ajpo; th'" gh'" (Schol. Lucan. I 636). staciusis komentatori devari 

miiCnevs, rom es saxeli etruskulia da skviTiasTan araferi aqvs saerTo; 

sagulisxmoa, rom -us sufiqsiT gaformebuli saxeli Tagus erT-erTi 

rutuli meomris saxelia vergiliusTan (Aen. IX 418). skviTiasTan 

dakavSirebiT tagesi sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 352 

talavsi (Talaus) 353 – skviTi meomari. antikur wyaroebSi dadasture- 

buli saxelia, 354 ase ewodeba iliriosis erT-erT Svils, romelic 

347 

Ruge, Sinope, RE, 3A. 1, 252-255. 

348 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 192-4. 

349 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 93; Türk, Strymon, RE, IV A.1, 394. 

350 


351 

Tages, RE, IV A.2, 2009-2011. 

352 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000,102-103. 

353 


354 

Scherling, Taulas, RE, IV A.2, 2530. 

211

ilirieli tavlantiebis eponimi iyo (App. Illyr. 2), Sdr. aseve lukanusi 

Taulantius incola (Luc. 6.16). TviTon es iliriuli tomi moxseniebulia 

pliniusTan proprieque dicti Illyri et Taulanti et Pyraei (Plin. 3.144). skviTiasTan 

dakavSirebiT talavss mxolod flakusTan vxvdebiT, albaT, es personaJi 

mis mier aris gamogonili. 355 

falkesi (Phalces) 356 – skviTi meomari. rac Seexeba saxelis 

warmomavlobas, igi SesaZloa davukavSiroT erT-erT troel gmirs 

homerosTan (Hom. Il. 13, 791, 14. 513). 357 skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT falkesi 

sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 

friqsusi (Phrixus) 358 – persesis mokavSire. skviTi sardali. rac 

Seexeba saxelis warmomavlobas, flakusi am skviT personaJs miTologiur 

tradiciaSi cnobili eolidi friqsosis saxels arqmevs. 359 

heliqsi (Helix) 360 – skviTi meomari. sakmaod gavrcelebuli saxelia 

antikur wyaroebSi. am saxels atarebs sxvadasxva regionTan 

dakavSirebuli araerTi piri (PGE). SesaZloa, flakusi am saxels 

awarmoebs ovidiusis mixedviT (Ov. Met. 5.87 intonsumque comas Helicem). 361 

rogorc skviTi meomari heliqsi mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba, amdenad, 

SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom igi flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia. 

henioxe (Henioche) 362 – medeas kolxi ZiZa. am saxeliT antikur wyaro- 

ebSi sxvadasxva miTologiuri personaJi moixsenieba: kreonis meuRle (Hes. 

scut. 83), pitTeusis asuli, kaneTosis meuRle da skironis deda (Plut. Thes. 

25); 363 cnobilia aseve henioxebis tomis saxelwodeba, amdenad, savsebiT Se- 

saZlebelia, es saxeli swored am eTnonimidan iyos nawarmoebi Heniochi. 364 

henioxe, rogorc kolxi personaJis saxeli, mxolod flakusTan 

gvxvdeba. 365 

355 


356 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 88-9, 244-7, 554. 

357 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 52; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346. 

358 


359 


360 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 569-71. 

361 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 220-221. 

362 


363 

Weicker, Henioche, RE, VIII.1, 258. 

364 

Kiessling, Heniochi, RE, VIII, 259-280. 

365 


212

amastrusi (Amastrus) 366 – skviTi meomari. aRsaniSnavia, rom amave 

saxels atarebs agreTve flakusTan moxseniebuli kizikieli gmiric (3. 

145). antikur wyaroebSi gvxvdeba rogorc md. sq. saxeli. Amastris 

dasturdeba rogorc amaZoni qalis saxeli, romelmac q. amastrisi 

daafuZna (Demosth. Bith. b. St. B. 2) da rogorc sparsel qalTa erTob gavr- 

celebuli sakuTari saxeli: amastrisi qserqses meuRles, darios II-is 

qaliSvils, artaqserqses II-is asuls da a. S. erqvaT. ase moixsenieba 

vergiliusTan erT-erTi troeli meomari (Verg. Aen. XI 674), amdenad, ufro 

sarwmunod migvaCnia is mosazreba, rom am personaJisaTvis saxeli fla- 

kusma vergiliusisgan isesxa. savaraudod, amastrusi flakusis mier Se- 

qmnili personaJi unda iyos, Tumca am skviTi mebrZolis saxeldebisas 

misi inspiraciis wyaro, albaT, vergiliusia. 367 

anqsuri (Anxur) 368 – persesis mokavSire. skviTi sardali. rogorc 

skviTi meomari sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba, Tumca, wyaroebSi es 

saxeli sxvadasxva formiT xSirad gvxvdeba. cnobilia amave saxelwodebis 

personaJi vergiliusTan, sadac igi warmodgenilia rogorc turnusis 

Tanamgzavri rutuli mebrZoli (Verg. Aen. X. 544 f.); savaraudod, igi vergi- 

liusis mier gamogonili personaJi unda iyos. 369 saxelis etimologiis 

cdas vxvdebiT ukve antikur wyaroebSi, a. m., serviusi mas (Serv. Aen. VII 799) 

berZnuli formidan a[neu xuvra" awarmoebs. SesaZloa, flakusma saxeli 

vergiliusis gavleniT gadmoiRo. 370 

kaikusi (Caicus) 371 – kolxi meomari. saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. 

kaikusi farTod gavrcelebuli saxelia antikurobaSi. am saxelwodebis 

md. arsebobda misiaSi (Hes. Th. 338ff.; Pind. I. 4 (5), 53. Verg. G. 4. 370. Ov. Ars. 3. 

196), agreTve cnobilia Kai?kou pedivon (Her. 6. 28). CvenTvis niSandoblivia, 

rom am saxels atarebs erT-erTi troeli gmiri vergiliusTan (Aen. I 183, 

IX 35). savaraudod, kaikusi flakusis mier gamogonili personaJia da misi 

wyaro SesaZloa, rom swored vergiliusi iyo. 372 

366 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 554-556. 

367 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 215; Tümpel, Amastris, RE, I.2, 1749-50; Amastros, RE, I.2, 1750. 

368 


369 

O. Rossbach, Anxur, RE, I.2, 2652-2653. 

370 


371 


372 


213

latagusi (Latagus) 373 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom amave saxeldebiT gvxvdeba troeli gmiri vergiliusTan 

(Aen. X 697) da savsebiT SesaZloa, wyaros swored es romaeli epikosi 

warmoadgenda. aseve Sdr. aRmosavluri qalaqi elianesTan povli" dev ejstin 

!Indwn hJ Latavgh (Ael. Nat. An. 16.10). 374 

hebrusi (Hebrus) 375 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. 

flakusTan vxvdebiT amave saxelwodebis mdinares TrakiaSi, romelic gan- 

Tqmuli iyo oqroTi (Sdr. Verg. Ecl. 10.65, Hor. Carm. 3.25.10, Stat. Theb. 7.66), am 

saxels atarebs flakusTan erT-erTi kizikieli gmiric (3. 149). hebrusis 

saxeli SeiZleba aseve davukavSiroT vergiliusis personaJs, troeli 

doliqaonis Zes (A. X 696, XII 331), Sdr. aseve (Stat.Theb.10.315). 376 

ironi (Iron) 377 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. sxva 

wyaro irons ar ixseniebs. aRsaniSnavia, rom amave saxels atarebs agreTve 

flakusTan moxseniebuli kizikieli gmiric (3. 111). SeiZleba vivaraudoT, 

rom ironi sakmaod gavrcelebuli saxelis hieronis Semoklebuli formaa 

an irosis saxecvlili ekvivalenti. 

3.3. antikuri samyaros onomastikaSi dadasturebuli elementebis 

kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

oebasusi (Oebasus) 378 – kolxi meomari. warmoebisas, SesaZloa fla- 

kusi iRebs antikur onomastikaSi gavrcelebul Oeb- elements da urTavs 

-asus sufiqss (Sdr. Oijbavdh", Oi[balo", Oi[bara", Oijbwvta"). SesaZloa saxels 

awarmoebs sparsuli saxelidan Oijbavrh", romelic dariosis mejinibe iyo 

(Her. 3.85-88, 6.33, Aesch. Pers. 984). es personaJi sxva avtorebTan ar 

dasturdeba. 379 

okrevsi (Ocreus) 380 – kolxi meomari. SesaZloa flakusi iRebs anti- 

kur onomastikaSi gavrcelebul Ocr- elements da urTavs saxelis 

373 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 584, 6. 572. 

374 


375 


376 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 237; Oberhummer, Hebros, RE, VII.2, 2589-2590. 

377 


378 


379 


380 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6.250-251. 

214

mawarmoebel -eus sufiqss (Sdr. Oncheus, Ocheus). Tu gaviTvaliswinebiT 

saxelis koniunqturas Otreus, ase erqva frigiis mefes (Hom. Il. III 186). 381 

onxevsi (Oncheus) 382 – skviTi meomari. warmoebisas, SesaZloa 

flakusi iRebs antikur onomastikaSi gavrcelebul Onch- elements (!Ogcovh 

q. fokisSi. !Ogcoai'o". !Ogcoeuv" St. B.) da urTavs saxelis mawarmoebel -eus 

sufiqss (Sdr. Ocreus, Ocheus). a. heerenis mixedviT, saxeli nawarmoebia 

beotiuri qalaqidan #Ogchsto", romelic moxseniebulia Apoll. Rhod.-Tan 

(3.1242). 383 es personaJi sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 

stirusi (Styrus) 384 – albaneli sardali. SeiZleba davukavSiroT q. 

stiras (Stuvra) evbeas samxr.-das. sanapiroze (Il. 2, 539) an herodotosTan 

dadasturebul eTnonims Sturei'" (Her. 8. 1) Stureve" (Her. 6, 107). es personaJi 

SeiZleba SevadaroT vergiliusis turnuss, rac safuZvels gvaZlevs 

vifiqroT, rom flakusis inspiraciis wyaro am personaJis Seqmnisas 

swored igi iyo. stirusi SavizRvispireTTan dakavSirebiT arcerT sxva 

avtorTan ar dasturdeba. 

harpe (Harpe) 385 – amaZoni meomari qali. Harp- elementi antikur ono- 

mastikaSi sakmaod gavrcelebulia. harpe rogorc amaZonis saxeli, mxo- 

lod flakusTan gvxvdeba. amdenad, igi mis mier Seqmnili personaJi unda 

iyos. 

hipetaoni (Hypetaon) 386 – kolxi meomari. ar aris gamoricxuli, am 

SemTxvevaSi flakusi saxels ori komponentidan hyp- antikur onoma- 

stikaSi gavrcelebuli elementiT da -taon bolosarTiT awarmoebdes. 

hipetaoni sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 

3.4. Trakiuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

odrusa (Odrussa) 387 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. es 

aRmosavluri warmoSobis saxeli sakmaod gavrcelebuli iyo anti- 

kurobaSi. pliniusis mixedviT, arsebobda aseTi saxelwodebis Trakiuli 

tomi (Plin. Nat. 4.40: Odrysarum gens fundit Hebrum, ix. Lenk, B., Odrysai, RE, XVII 2, 


382 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 256. 

383 A. Heeren, Göttingen 1899, 14; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 114. 

384 Val. Flacc. Arg. 3. 492-497, 5. 459-460, 6. 266-278, 8. 298-305, 328-368. 

385 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 375-6. 

386 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 637. 

387 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 594-5. 

215

1900-1903). stef. bizantielis mixedviT, #Odrusa odrisebis qalaqia, !Odruvsh" 

ki md. rindakusis Senakadi misiaSi (Strab. 12, 550 . 551; Xen. An. 7, 5, 1; D. Per. 793, 

ix. Ruge, W., RE, XVII 2, 1903-1904). hesiqiosis Tanaxmad, ase iwodeboda skvi- 

Tebis mefe (Hesych. Miles. fr. 4, 14). 388 flakusi am gavrcelebul saxels 

Tavisi gamogonili personaJisTvis iyenebs da mas gansxvavebulad awar- 

moebs -a sufiqsiT. 

suetesi (Suetes) 389 – skviTi meomari. sxva wyaro mas ar ixseniebs. 390 

saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. a. heereni mxars uWers Sraderis koni- 

unqturas Seuthen, ramdenadac Seuthes dasturdeba rogorc samefo saxeli 

odrisul TrakiaSi (Thuc. 2.97; Xen. An. 7.1.5; Liv. 42.51.10). 391 

3.5. skviTuri da Crd. SavizRvispireTis onomastikuri elementebis 

kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

avxusi (Auchus) 392 – persesis mokavSire. kimerieli sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatori am saxels ukavSirebs avxatebis toms (Plin. Nat. 6.22), rom- 

lebic, herodotosis Tanaxmad (IV 6), pirveli skviTis, targiteosis vaJis, 

lipoqseosisgan iReben dasabams. 393 avxusi / avxatebi – aseTi tipis mona- 

cvleobis sailustraciod SesaZloa sxva magaliTebis moyvanac: Anasi / 

Anausis, Colaxais / Colaxes, Tyra / Tyras, Bastarnae / Batarnae, Thyssagetes / Thyrsagetes. 

avxusi, rogorc kimerieli personaJi, mxolod flakusTan dasturdeba. 

savaraudod, igi mis mier Seqmnili figura unda iyos. 394 

ariasmenusi (Ariasmenus) 395 – persesis mokavSire, skviTi meomari. ВДИ- 

is komentatori am saxels ukavSirebs arimaspebis toms 396 , romlebic dran- 

gebisa da araxosiebs Soris saxlobdnen (Arr. Anab. III, 27, 4). 397 sxva wyaro 

ariasmenuss ar ixseniebs. 398 ar aris gamoricxuli, am SemTxvevaSi flakusi 

388 


389 


390 

Türk, Suetes, RE, IV A.1, 591. 

391 


392 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6.60, 619. 

393 

SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345; Tomaschek, Auchatai, RE, II 2, 2268. 

394 


395 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 103-105, 386-426. 

396 

Wernicke, Arimaspoi, RE, II 1, 826. 

397 

SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 347. 

398 


216

saxels ori komponentidan aria(s)- (aria – ase ewodeboda Tanamedrove 

irans) da meno- bolosarTiT awarmoebdes. 

arinesi (Arines) 399 – kolxi meomari. flakusi, SesaZloa, iyenebdes 

Zveli samyaros onomastikaSi dadasturebul arin- elements. igi aseve 

SesaZloa davukavSiroT punikur simagres arines (Liv. 26.49.5) an erT-erTi 

dakiuri mdinaris saxelwodebas. 400 

kaspiusi (Caspius) 401 – skviTi meomari. flakusi, rogorc Cans, saxelis 

warmoebisas sxva wyaroebSi farTod dadasturebul toponims an eTnonims 

iyenebs. igi moixseniebs agreTve skviTur toms, kaspiadebs (6.107). 402 kaspi- 

usi, rogorc skviTi gmiri, mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba, savaraudod, igi 

mis mier gamogonili personaJi unda iyos. 403 

kolaqsesi (Colaxes) 404 – persesis mokavSire skviTi sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatoris mixedviT, saxelis warmoebisas, flakusi, SesaZloa 

herodotosiseul kolaqsaiss iyenebs, romelic skviTiis pirveli mefe iyo 

(Her. IV, 5). 405 formaTa aseTi monacvleobis sailustraciod SesaZloa sxva 

magaliTebis moyvanac: Anasi / Anausis, Auchates / Auchus, Tyra / Tyras, Bastarnae / 

Batarnae, Thyssagetes / Thyrsagetes. saxeli aseve SeiZleba davukavSiroT 

kolebisa da kolxebis saxeldebas. 406 

mirakesi (Myraces) 407 – parTeli elCi kolxidaSi. igi SeiZleba 

davukavSiroT flakusTan dadasturebul amave saxelwodebis md. mirakes, 

romlis maxlobladac iSva skviTi mebrZoli kolaqsesi (6. 50). ВДИ-is ko- 

mentatoris mixedviT, es saxeli unda SevupirispiroT ptolemaiosis 

tamirakes (tamirake (Geogr. III, 5, 2) iyo qalaqi skviTiaSi, aseve koncxi 

hileaSi (Sdr. Tmolus (Timolus) Timorus Strab. 7.7.11) da aseve mirgetebis tomis 

399 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 638; 

400 


401 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 189-192. 

402 

Tomaschek, Caspiae, RE, III.2, 1654. 

403 


404 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 48, 621, 646. 

405 


406 


407 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 690, 717. 

217

saxeldebas (Hec. fr. 155). ramdenadac parTeli mirakesი sxva avtorebTan ar 

gvxvdeba, unda vivaraudoT, rom es personaJi flakusma Seqmna. 408 

olbusi (Olbus) 409 – kolxi meomari. aRsaniSnavia, rom dasturdeba am 

saxelwodebis (!Olbiva) qalaqi evropul sarmatiaSi, hipanisis marjvena sana- 

piroze. sxva cnobebis mixedviT, ase iwodeboda mdinare borisTenesTan. 

flakusi, rogorc Cans, am saxelwodebis mixedviTYawarmoebs mamakaci per- 

sonaJis saxels -us sufiqsis darTviT. es figura sxva avtorebTan ar 

dasturdeba. 

rifevsi (Ripheus) 410 – kolxi meomari. flakusi saxelis warmoebisas, 

SesaZloa, iyenebdes Zveli samyaros onomastikaSi gavrcelebul Riph-/Rhip 

elements. Sittig-is Tanaxmad (RE, I A.1, 921), flakuss es saxeli unda Seeqmna 

geogr. punqtis Riphaei montes mixedviT, rac uSualod flakusTanac 

saxeldeba ramdenimegzis (2. 516, 5. 558, 602, 6. 33, 119, 7. 562; Sdr. aseve Serv. 

Aen. IX 82), 411 Tumca, unda SevniSnoT, rom flakusis inspiraciis wyaros 

SesaZloa uSualod vergiliusi warmoadgenda, ramdenadac èneadaSi~ am 

saxels atarebs erT-erTi troeli gmiri (II 339, Sdr. aseve sxva troeli 

gmiric II 334. 426 ekvivalenturi Riph-//Rhipeus formiT, Sdr. ovidiusTan 

erT-erTi kentavris saxeli Ov. Met. XII 352). skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT es 

personaJi sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. albaT, rifevsi flakusis mier 

gamogonili personaJia. 

taqsesi (Taxes) 412 – skviTi meomari. savaraudod, igi SeiZleba 

davukavSiroT skviTebis mefe Tavxaki"-is saxels, romelic herodotosTan 

gvxvdeba (Her. 4.120) an hidronims TrakiaSi (Tavxo"); saxelis warmoebisTvis 

Sdr. aseve otaqsesi (Val. Flacc. 6. 529). 413 

tevtagonusi (Teutagonus) 414 – persesis mokavSire skviTi sardali. sa- 

xelis warmomavloba ucnobia. saxeli Sedgeba ori komponentisagan: teuvta 

(Sdr. Teutamus (Hom.Il.2.840) da -govno" bolosarTisgan. a. heereni marTebulad 

aRniSnavs, rom teuto- TavsarTiT dawyebuli saxelebi germanuli an 


409 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 638. 

410 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 557-62. 

411 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 216; Sdr. Sittig, Ripheus, RE, I A.1, 921. 

412 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 252-7. 


414 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 97. 

218

galuri warmomavlobisaa, teuta-Ti ki – berZnuli. 415 tevtagonusi Crd. 

SavizRvispireTTan dakavSirebiT sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 416 

tiresi (Tyres) 417 – persesis mokavSire. skviTi sardali. flakusi mo- 

ixseniebs msgavsi saxelwodebis mdinares sarmatiaSi Tyra // Tyres (dnestri) 

da, savsebiT SesaZloa, rom saxels swored am hidronimidan awarmoebdes. 

skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT tiresi sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 418 

pevkoni (Peucon) 419 – geteli meomari. rac Seexeba saxelis warmoma- 

vlobas, am fuZidan nawarmoebi derivatebi sakmaod gavrcelebulia 

antikur onomastikaSi (Peukai'oi – xalxi iapigiaSi, St. B.; Peukeuv" – herakles 

epiTeti, Lyc. 663; Peuvkh – kunZuli misiaSi, Arr. An. 1, 2, 2, Apoll. Rhod. 4, 309; 

Peu'kai, Zos. 1, 42; istrosis samxr. Senakadi, Ptol. 3, 10, 2; mTebi evropul 

sarmatiaSi, Ptol. 3, 5, 15). es formativi uSualod flakusTanac gvxvdeba ro- 

gorc mdedr. sq. saxeli pevke, romelic erT-erTi nimfis (8. 256) da 

imavdroulad kunZulis aRmniSvneli saxelicaa (8. 217, 8. 293, 8. 376). 

Sesabamisad, flakusi am mamakaci personaJis saxels -on sufiqsis darTviT 

awarmoebs da igi am formiT mxolod masTan dasturdeba. 420 

sidoni (Sidon) 421 – skviTi meomari. ВДИ-is komentatoris mixedviT, es 

saxeli unda davukavSiroT meotiis erT-erT toms, sindebs, romlebsac 

apolonios rodoseli moixseniebs (Apoll. Rhod. IV 322), Tumca es uka- 

naskneli sindebs urevs Trakiel sidonebSi. 422 aseve SesaZloa am saxelis 

dakavSireba finikiis uZvelesi qalaqis saxelwodebasTan Sidwvn (Od. 15, 425; 

Scyl. 104; Strab. 16, 756; Verg. Aen. I 446, 613), romelsac TviT flakusic 

axsenebs, saxeldobr ki, am saxelisgan nawarmoeb adieqtivur formas 

Sidonicus (6. 95). ramdenadac es saxeli skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT sxva avto- 

rebTan ar gvxvdeba, SegviZlia vivaraudoT, rom es personaJi flakusis 

mier aris gamogonili. 423 

415 


416 


417 


418 


419 


420 


421 


422 


423 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 45-46; Honigmann, Sidon, RE, II A.2, 2216-2229, Gressmann, RE, II A.2, 2229- 

2230. 

219

hipanisi (Hypanis) 424 – skviTi meomari. savaraudod, igi SeiZleba 

davukavSiroT md. hipaniss, borisTenesis did Senakads evropul sarmati- 

aSi (Her. 4. 52, Sdr. aseve Val. Flacc. 4. 710, 6. 147). stefane bizantielis 

Tanaxmad, amave saxelwodebis qalaqi arsebobda pontossa da meotiss 

Soris. 425 aseve savsebiT SesaZloa, rom am personaJis Seqmnisas flakusis 

inspiraciis wyaros vergiliusi warmoadgenda. masTan am saxeliT erT- 

erTi troeli mebrZoli moixsenieba (Aen. II 340, 428). skviTiasTan dakavSi- 

rebiT hipanisi mxolod flakusTan gvxvdeba, albaT, igi mis mier 

Seqmnili figuraa. 

hora (Hora) 426 – skviTi qalRvTaeba. kolaqsesis deda. saxelis 

warmomavloba ucnobia, ВДИ-is komentatoris mixedviT, SesaZloa, is davu- 

kavSiroT artemisis epiTets @Wraiva, rac pireosSic aris epigrafikulad 

dadasturebuli. herodotosi (4.59) moixseniebs, rom skviTebi Tayvans 

scemdnen skviTebis umaRles RvTaebas @Istivhn me;n mavlista (skviTurad 

Tabitiv). 427 ovidiusTan ase iwodeba hersilie, mas Semdeg, rac igi qalRmer- 

Ti gaxda (Ov. Met. 14.850). aseTi saxelwodebis nimfa skviTiasTan dakavSire- 

biT mxolod flakusTan dasturdeba. 428 

3.6. winaaziuri onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

armisi (Armis) 429 – skviTi meomari. sxva wyaro armiss ar ixseniebs. 

saxelis warmomavloba ucnobia. SesaZloa, flakusi saxelis warmoebisas 

an laT. arm- ìaraRis~ mniSvnelobis mqone elements an winaaziur 

onomastikaSi gavrcelebul arm- fuZes iyenebs. gronoviusi da heinsiusi 

upiratesobas aniWeben Armes formas, ramdenadac mas advilad ukavSireben 

armenias. 430 

rambelusi (Rambelus) 431 – skviTi meomari. SesaZloa, flakusi 

iyenebdes antikuri epoqis onomastikaSi dadasturebul ramb- elements: 

Sdr. @Rambai'oi – nomad. xalxi siriaSi (Strab. 16.2.10); @Rambavka" oJ Mh'do" (Xen. 

424 


425 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 112; Kiessling, Hypanis, RE, IX.1, 210-230. 

426 


427 


428 


429 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 530-541. 

430 


431 


220

Cyrop. 5.3.42), maSin roca @Rambavkia sofelia beluxistanSi (Arr. Anab. Alex. 

6.21.5). 432 

kampesusi (Campesus) 433 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. 

SesaZloa, es aRmosavluri warmoSobis saxeli davukavSiroT adgils 

kapadokiaSi, romelsac Kavmpai ewodeba. 434 aseve SesaZloa flakusi an anti- 

kuri epoqis onomastikaSi farTod gavrcelebul camp- elements iyenebs 

(Sdr. miTiuri urCxulis saxeli Kamphv, Apollod. I 2, 1, Kroll, RE, 10.1842) an e. 

w. metyvel saxels laT. campus `mindori~ formatividan awarmoebs da 

gvTavazobs misgan -esus daboloebiT formirebul mamakacis saxels, rome- 

lic sxva wyaroSi ar gvxvdeba. 

karesusi (Caresus) 435 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmomavloba 

ucnobia. igi SesaZloa davukavSiroT amave saxelwodebis mdinares tro- 

aSi Kavrhso" ƒ Karessov" (Il. 12, 20). 436 sxva wyaro karesuss skviTiasTan 

dakavSirebiT ar ixseniebs. 

karmeiusi (Carmeius) 437 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. es 

aRmosavluri warmoSobis saxeli SesaZloa davukavSiroT pliniusTan 

dadasturebul formas Carmei (Plin. n. h. 6. 157: Minaei ..., quorum Carmei) da 

davuSvaT, rom swored es avtori warmoadgenda flakusis wyaros. 438 

kremedoni (Cremedon) 439 – albaneli meomari. igi SesaZloa 

davukavSiroT pontosSi arsebul qalaqs Krevmh; Sdr. staciusTan dada- 

sturebuli saxeli Chremetaon (Stat. Theb. 7.712: falcato... Chremetaona curru). 440 

albaneli kremedoni sxva wyaroSi ar dasturdeba. 

prioni (Prion) 441 – geteli meomari. saxelis warmoebisas, SesaZloa 

flakusi iyenebs antikur onomastikaSi dadasturebul leqsikur for- 

mativs (adgili libiaSi Pol. 1, 85; mdinare arabeTis samx. sanapiroze Ptol. 6, 

7, 10. 13; mdinare indoeTSi Steph. Byz.; mTa sardesSi Pol. 7, 15; mTa kunZul 


433 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 593, 6. 243-4. 


435 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 192-4. 


437 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 578-83. 


439 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 194. 


441 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 619. 

221

qiosze Plin. n. h. 5, 31, 36), riTac uneburad afarTovebs Crd. SavizRvispire- 

Tis onomastikas. 

3.7. sparsuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

barisasi (Barisas) 442 – skviTi meomari. warmoebisas flakusi, Sesa- 

Zloa, iyenebdes Zveli samyaros onomastikaSi farTod gavrcelebul baris- 

formativs. Bavri" ewodeba qalRmerTs ekbatanaSi (PGE); aseve gvxvdeba 

msgavsi fuZis sparsuli saxeli Barivssh" (Ctesias, FHG 688.F 13.16). 443 skvi- 

TiasTan dakavSirebiT es saxeli sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba. 

darapsi (Daraps) 444 – skviTi sardali. ВДИ-is komentatoris mixedviT, 

es saxeli SavizRvispireTTan dakavSirebiT sxva avtorebTan ar 

dasturdeba. SeiZleba paraleli gavavloT sparseTis mefe darios I-isa 

da misi navarqosis datisis saxelebTan, romelic Zv. w. V s-Si sparsul 

flots meTaurobda. aseve SesaZloa, es saxeli davukavSiroTY baqtriul 

qalaqs darapsas (Davraya), romelic strabonTan moixsenieba (11.11.2). 445 

datisi (Datis) 446 – skviTi sardali. ВДИ-is komentatori am saxels, 

ramdenadac igi SaviszRvispireTisaTvis sxva avtorebTan ar dasturdeba, 

ukavSirebs sparseTis mefe darios I-is navarqoss datiss, romelic Zv. w. 

V s-Si meTaurobda sparsul flots. 447 

voraptusi (Voraptus) 448 – iazigi. gesanderis mama. saxelis warmomav- 

loba ucnobia. SesaZloa, aq moiazrebodes amave saxelwodebis aRmosav- 

luri mdinare, romelic CvenTvis ucnobia. PGE-Si vxvdebiT msgavsi 

saxelwodebis kunZuls sparseTis yureSi Oujorovcqa. 449 

iaqsartesi (Iaxartes) 450 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. 

igi, savaraudod, nawarmoebia hidronimidan !Iaxavrth" (md. sogdianeSi), 

romelic kaspiis zRvaSi Caedineboda da xSirad urevdnen mas tanaisSi 

(Strab. 11, 507-518; Plin. Nat. 6.49); arianosis (Arr. An. 3, 30, 7) Tanaxmad, es mdinare 

442 


443 


444 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 65-66, 572. 

445 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 44; Tomaschek, Darapsa, RE, IV.2, 2152; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345. 

446 


447 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 44; Swoboda, Datis, RE, IV.2, 2227-2229; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 345. 

448 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 288-291. 


450 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 596-604. 

222

moiazreba kavkasiaSi (amJ. Hindu Kush), saidanac warmodgeba erT-erTi tomis 

saxelwodeba Iaxartae. 451 

oxevsi (Ocheus) 452 – skviTi meomari. SesaZloa, flakusi saxels 

awarmoebs och- fuZisagan, mag. Ochos-is, artaqserqses III-is epiTetis 

mixedviT (Diod. Sic. 17.5.3; Plut. Alex. 69), (Sdr. md. iranSi) da urTavs mas -eus 

sufiqss (Sdr. Ocreus, Oncheus). 453 flakusTan vxvdebiT amave Zirisgan 

nawarmoeb saxels erT-erTi kizikieli gmirisaTvis; am SemTxvevaSi saxeli 

-us sufiqsiT aris gaformebuli: Ochus (3. 148). sxva wyaroSi oxevsi 

skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT ar dasturdeba. 

xoaspesi (Choaspes) 454 – aietis mokavSire. warmomavloba ucnobia. 

SesaZloa, saxeli davukavSiroT md. xoaspess (Coavsph") susianaSi (Her. 1, 

188); gadmocemis Tanaxmad, sparseli mefeebi da parTeli monarqebi am 

mdinaris wyals svamdnen (Sdr. [Tib]. Pan. Mess. 3.7.140: regia lympha Choaspes; Plin. 

Nat. 31.35: Parthorum reges ex Choaspe et Eulaeo tantum bibunt). amave saxelwodebas 

atarebs md. indoeTSi (Strab. 15, 697). Sdr. aseve hanibalis erT-erTi 

afrikeli mokavSiris saxeli (Sil. 3.317). skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT xoaspesi 

mxolod flakusTan dasturdeba. 455 

3.8. egvipturi onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

sienesi (Syenes) 456 – persesis mokavSire. skviTi sardali. saxelis 

warmomavloba ucnobia. savaraudod, SeiZleba igi davukavSiroT qalaqs 

Suhvnh-s egviptis samxr. sazRvarze (Her. 2, 28; Ov. Pont. 1.5.79: calidae ... Syenae; 

Luc. 8.851: exustam Cancro torrente Syenen). h. vismani iziarebs àrgonavtikis~ 

erT-erT xelnawerSi dacul koniunqturas Sirenem, rac SesaZlebels xdis, 

rom es saxeli davukavSiroT erT-erTi tomis saxelwodebas Sivrake" (Strab. 

11.5.8), (Sdr. Sirakoiv Strab. 11.2.1; Siraci Plin. Nat. 4.83, Tac. Ann. 12.15, 12.16; Sdr. 

aseve Siravcoi, Sirakhnoiv, rac nawarmoebia q. Sirakhnhv-dan Strab. 11.51.2). Savi- 

zRvispireTTan dakavSirebiT es saxeli sxva avtorebTan ar gvxvdeba. 457 

451 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 1996, 270; Herrman, Iaxartes, RE, IX, 1181. 

452 


453 


454 

Flacc. Arg. 5. 584-6. 

455 

Tomaschek, Choaspes, RE, III.2, 2355; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 1996, 273. 

456 

Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 74, 6. 703. 

457 


223

3.9. induri onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

koastesi (Coastes) 458 – persesis mokavSire. skviTi sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatoris mixedviT, igi SeiZleba davukavSiroT md. koass Crd.-das. 

indoeTSi (Ptol. Geogr. VI, 18, 2), 459 Sesabamisad, flakusi Tavisda uneburad 

afarToebs Crd. SavizRvispireTis nomenklaturas. Tu flakusis àrgonav- 

tikis~ konteqsts gaviTvaliswinebT, aSkarad niSandoblivia am saxelis 

semantikac, misi dakavSireba berZnul formativTan kw'a", rac `sawmiss~ 

niSnavs. 460 

3.10. frigiuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

rindakusi (Rhyndacus) 461 – skviTi meomari. saxelis warmoebasTan da- 

kavSirebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom flakusi amave saxelwodebis mdinares 

moixseniebs (3. 35), romelic frigiaSi lokalizdeba 462 da, SesaZloa, rom 

swored am hidronimisgan awarmoebdes am saxels. sxva avtorebTan 

rindakusi skviTiasTan dakavSirebiT ar gvxvdeba. 463 

3.11. parTuli onomastikuri elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi 

monesesi (Moneses) 464 – kolxi meomari. am saxeldebiT araerTi per- 

sonaJi dasturdeba antikur wyaroebSi (App. Parth. p. 93; Hor. Od. 3, 6, 9; Lob. 

Path. 430); igi flakusis Semdgomdroindel tradiciaSic gvxvdeba 

sxvadasxva avtorTan parTeli personaJebis, kerZod, parTeli mefis 

Monaivsh" aRsaniSnavad (Plut. Ant. 37, 46; D. Cass. 49, 23, 62, 20). 465 unda SevniSnoT, 

rom flakusi paralelurad moixseniebs sxva kolx personaJsac Monesus. 

monesusi (Monesus) 466 – kolxi meomari. rac Seexeba saxelis warmo- 

ebas, flakusTan vxvdebiT amave fuZis sakuTar saxels Moneses, rac sakmaod 

gavrcelebuli saxeldebaa antikur onomastikaSi parTeli mefeebis aRsa- 

niSnavad da uSualod flakusTanac dasturdeba, Tumca, kolxi 

458 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 155-9. 



461 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 219-221. 

462 Bürchner, Ryndacus, RE, I A.1, 1286. 


464 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 189-192. 


466 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 650-1. 

224

personaJisaTvis (Sdr. 6. 189) ;467 rogorc Cans, flakusi am SemTxvevaSi, 

mones- fuZes -us saxelis mawarmoebeli sufiqsiT aformebs. 

3.12. kavkasiur samyarosTan dakavSirebuli saxelebi 

aq warmodgenil personaJTagan nawilis saxeldeba flakusamdeli 

tradiciisaTvisac aris cnobili: aia, kavkasusi, fasisi, nawili ki: kirisi, 

otakesi, otaqsesi da radalusi flakusis gamogonili figurebia. 

aia (Aea) 468 – kolxi nimfa. savaraudod, berZnuli warmomavlobis es 

miTi mxolod flakusTan figurirebs. aiac, rogorc kolxi nimfa, mxo- 

lod masTan gvxvdeba. saxeli aia ukavSirdeba kolxidis sinonimis, aias 

saxels (Her. 1, 2; Apoll. Rhod. II 419; Mimn. ep. 10). 469 is, rogorc Cans, am mxaris 

Tu qalaqis eponimad gaiazreboda. 470 

kavkasusi (Caucasus) 471 – kolxi mwyemsi. Tidrusis mama. flakusis 

mixedviT, kavkasusis mier, romelic, Cveulebisamebr, mamiseul faras 

mwyemsavda, md. fasisis napirebTan Caisaxa Tidrusi (6. 639-43); es personaJi 

plutarqosTanac gvxvdeba da igi ukavSirdeba mTas, 472 romelsac swored 

am mwyemsis mixedviT kavkasosi ewoda da am mTis eponimad moiazreboda: 

`...xolo kavkasioni Semdegi garemoebis gamo ewoda. gigantebTan brZolis 

Semdeg zevsis muqaras gamoqceulma kronosma “boreasis sarecels” Se- 

afara Tavi da niangad qceuli iq imaleboda. magram [promeTem], romelmac 

erTi adgilobrivi mcxovrebi – mwyemsi kavkasosi mokla da misi Signeu- 

loba gamoikvlia, Tqva, rom mtrebi Sors ar iyvnen. aq mosulma zevsma 

mama dagrexili matyliT Sekra da qvesknelSi Caagdo. mTas ki mwyemsis 

pativsacemad daarqva kavkasosi, mas miajaWva promeTe da aiZula, daeTmina 

tanjva – RviZls ukortnida arwivi mwyemsis gul-RviZlisTvis miyenebuli 

Seuracxyofis gamo. ase gadmogvcems kleanTesi “Teomaqiis” III wignSi.~ 

(Plut. fluv. 5, 3). 

fasisi (Phasis) 473 – mdinaris RmerTi. flakusis mixedviT, fasisisa da 

aias ambavi, sxva suraTebTan erTad, gamosaxuli iyo kolxidaSi solis 

467 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 92, 251. 

468 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 425-428. 

469 Escher, Aia, RE, I.1, 919-920. 

470 SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 344; H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 1996, 207-208. 

471 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 639-43. 

472 Patsch, Caucasus mons, RE, III.2; 1801. 

473 Val. Flacc. Arg. 5. 425-428. 

225

(heliosis) taZarSi (5. 407-454). savaraudod, berZn. warmomavlobis es miTi 

mxolod flakusTan figurirebs. saxeli fasisi ukavSirdeba kolxidis 

cnobili mdinaris saxels. 474 fasisi, rogorc Cans, am mdinaris eponimad 

gaiazreboda. 475 

kirisi (Ciris//Cyris) 476 – persesis mokavSire hirkanieli sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatoris mixedviT, SesaZloa, es saxeli md. kiross davukavSiroT 

(Plin. 6.26: Cyrus oritur; Strab. 1.3.21). 477 kirisi swored am mdinaris RvTaeba unda 

yofiliyo, saxelic da epiTetic mis RvTiur warmomavlobaze miuTiTebs. 

epiTeti Titanius gvafiqrebinebs, rom aq swored am mdinaris RvTaeba ivara- 

udeba. es epiTeti SeiZleba daukavSirdes termins titans (heliosi, 

promeTe, kirke Titanis), rasac is faqtic amyarebs, rom Cyrus sparsulad 

`mzes~ niSnavs (Plut. Artax. 1.2; Hesych. s.v. Ku'ro"). es termini aseve SeiZleba 

davukavSiroT kolxidis mdinares, titeniss; rogorc cnobilia, ukve 

apolonios rodoseli uwodebs aias titeniurs (Sdr. Val. Flacc. Aen. 5.463). 

sxva wyaro hirkaniel kiriss ar ixseniebs. 478 

otakesi (Otaces) 479 – persesis mokavSire iberieli sardali. ВДИ-is 

komentatoris mixedviT, es saxeli SeiZleba davukavSiroT olTakess, 

romelic an kolxebis sardali iyo (App. Mithr. 117) an dandariebisa (Plut. 

Luc. 16). aseve SesaZloa misi dakavSireba sparsul saxelTan – otanesTan 

(Herod. 3.68 ff., 5.25 ff., 7.40 ff.). 480 

otaqsesi (Otaxes) 481 – skviTi meomari. es saxeli aSkara paralels 

gviCvenebs otakesTan (skviTi personaJis saxeli flakusTan, 6. 121), 

romelic ВДИ-is komentatoris mixedviT, SesaZloa davukavSiroT olTa- 

kess; es ukanaskneli an kolxebis sardali iyo (App. Mithr. 117) an dandari- 

ebisa (Plut. Luc. 16). saxelis warmoebisaTvis Sdr. aseve taqsesi (Val. Flacc. 6. 

252). 482 

474 

Diehl, E., Phasis, RE, XIX.2, 1886-1893; 3. SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 344. 

475 

O. Lordkipanidze, Phasis. The River and the City in Colchis, Geographica Historica 15, Stuttgart 2000. 

476 


477 


478 

H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 49; Ciris, Hoefer, RE, III.2, 2585. 

479 


480 


481 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 529. 


226

adalusi (Rhadalus) 483 – persesis mokavSire skviTi sardali. 

SesaZloa, flakusi iyenebdes antikuri epoqis onomastikaSi dadasture- 

bul rhada-/rada- elements, Sdr. Radamistus (Tac. Ann. 12.44.3.ff), Rambelus (Val. 

Flacc. 6.529). radalusi rogorc skviTi meomari, sxva avtorebTan ar 

gvxvdeba. 484 

Tuki movindomebT zemoT warmodgenili msjelobis ganzogadebas 

sqemis saxiT da imis dadgenas, Tu kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli ama Tu im 

regionis gmirebi saxeldebis doneze ra intensivobiT warmogvidgebian ama 

Tu im kategoriaSi, Cven amgvar suraTs miviRebT: 485 

warmomavloba 

metyv. sax. 

ant. a.vt. 

dadast. sax. 

ant. onom. 

dadast. sax 

Trak. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

skv.Crd.SzRv. 

elem. Seqmn.O 

483 Val. Flacc. Arg. 6. 69. 

484 H. J.W. Wijsman, Leiden 2000, 45; SC ВДИ, XXVIII, 346. 

485 aqve gvinda SevniSnoT: im SemTxvevaSi, sadac xelT gvqonda ramdenime varianti ama Tu 

im personaJis saxelis savaraudo warmomavlobis Sesaxeb, avirCieT CvenTvis yvelaze sarwmuno 

versia da amis mixedviT mivakuTvneT saxeli Sesabamis jgufs. 

winaaz. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

spars. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

egv. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

ind. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

kolxi 5 6 3 2 2 1 

albaneli 1 1 

amaZoni 4 1 

skviTi 4 11 1 1 11 3 4 

kimerieli 1 1 

frig. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

parT. onom. 

elem. Seqmn. 

1 1 1 2 

hirkanieli 3 1 

iberieli 1 1 

geti 1 

alani 1 

iazigi 1 1 

parTeli 1 

ucnobi warmomavlobis 

2 1 2 2 

kavk. samy. 

dakavS. sax. 

227

zemoT dasaxelebuli personaJebis saxeldebis kvlevisas Cveni yura- 

dReba miipyro saintereso garemoebam: Tu flakusi Tavis gamogonil lem- 

nosel da kizikiel gmirebs metwilad antikuri tradiciisaTvis cnobil 

saxelebs arqmevs, kavkasieli da skviTi personaJebis mimarT igi sxvagvar 

damokidebulebas avlens: is cdilobs, sxvadasxva warmomavlobis figure- 

bi aSkarad ganirCeodnen erTmaneTisgan Tavisi saxeldebiTac; rogorc 

kvlevam gviCvena, igi specialurad arCevs kavkasieli, skviTi, kolxi, 

albaneli, hirkanieli, kimerieli, parTeli da a. S. personaJebisaTvis 

saxelebs. 

kavkasiel personaJTa saxelebis warmomavlobis kvlevisas gamoikv- 

eTa ramdenime jgufi: e. w. metyveli saxelebi; antikur avtorebTan dadas- 

turebuli saxelebi; antikuri samyaros onomastikaSi dadasturebuli 

elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi; Trakiul, skviTur da Crd. 

SavizRvispireTis, winaaziur, sparsul, egviptur, indur, frigiul, 

parTul onomastikaSi dadasturebuli elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili 

saxelebi; kavkasiur samyarosTan dakavSirebuli saxelebi. 

SeiZleba darwmunebiT iTqvas, rom flakusTan saxelTa warmoebis 

principTa sakmaod farTo speqtria warmodgenili: a) personaJTagan erTi 

nawilis saxeldeba flakusis winamorbedi mwerlebis gavleniT unda iyos 

inspirirebuli, aq SeiZleba davasaxeloT: homerosi, horaciusi, ovidiusi, 

tacitusi da, ra Tqma unda, vergiliusi; yvelaze intensiurad flakusi 

swored mas mimarTavs, magaliTisaTvis SegviZlia vaxsenoT: anqsuri, 

amastrusi da a. S.; aqve unda gavamaxviloT yuradReba arcTu umniSvnelo 

garemoebaze: winamorbedi avtorebis mixedviT saxeldebuli TiTqmis yvela 

personaJis SemTxvevaSi flakusi iseT saxelebs arCevs, romlebic geogra- 

fiuli arealis TvalsazrisiTac miesadagebian mis mier gamogonil 

figurebs, a. m., garda imisa, rom hipanisi vergiliusTan erT-erT troel 

gmirs hqvia da (savaraudod, misgan unda hqondes flakuss nasesxebi) es 

saxeli, rogorc cnobilia, amave saxelwodebas atarebs borisTenesis 

erT-erTi Senakadi da, amdenad, flakusi `SemTxveviT~ ar usadagebs am 

saxels mis mier gamogonil skviT meomars; Sesabamisad, Tu sxva mraval 

SemTxvevasac miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, SegviZlia darwmunebiT vTqvaT, rom 

flakusi umeteswilad iTvaliswinebs geografiul konteqstsac; b) 

228

personaJTa nawilis saxeldeba aSkarad metyvel saxelTa rigs 

miekuTvneba, a. m., anavsisi, akvitesi da a. S.; g) ar SeiZleba calke ar 

davasaxeloT tradiciiT cnobili saxelebi, romelTac mwerali Tavisi 

poeturi amocanebis Sesabamisad usadagebs mis mier Seqmnil axal 

personaJebs: mag., masTan eolidi friqsosis saxeliT gvxvdeba erT-erTi 

skviTi sardali, argonavt zetesis saxeliT ki kolxi meomari 

moixsenieba; d) saxelTa nawils avtori ama Tu im geografiuli punqtis, 

hidronimis, oronimis mixedviT arCevs: aq unda aRvniSnoT, rom flakuss 

aSkarad diferencirebuli damokidebuleba aqvs sxvadasxva warmomavlo- 

bis personaJebisadmi. masTan dasaxelebulia 17 kolxi meomari: akvitesi, 

apresi, arinesi, gesiTousi, dipsasi, Tidrusi, kaikusi, kirnusi, monesusi, 

monesesi, oebasusi, okrevsi, olbusi, sibotesi, strimoni, zetesi, 

hipetaoni; SemTxveviTi ar unda iyos, rom arc erTi maTganis saxelis 

SemTxvevaSi ar aris gamoyenebuli iseTi toponimi, hidronimi an oronimi, 

romelic CrdiloeT an dasavleT SavizRvispireTTan aris dakavSirebuli, 

maSin rodesac, skviTi meomrebis saxeldebis SemTxvevaSi xSirad vxvdebiT 

iseT saxelebs, romelTac Sesatyvisobebi moeZebnebaT aRniSnuli regione- 

bis geografiuli punqtebis saxiT, a. m., hipanisi, hebrusi, taqsesi, tiresi 

da a. S.; e) sakmaod didia im saxelTa raodenoba, romlebic aSkarad 

flakusis poeturi fantaziis nayofia; igi antikur an Zveli samyaros 

onomastikaSi dadasturebul elementebs iRebs da sxvadasxva sufiqsebis 

darTviT qmnis axal saxelebs: mag., idasmenusi, monesusi, tagesi da a. S. 

rodesac kavkasieli personaJebis klasifikaciaze gvqonda msjelo- 

ba, aRvniSneT, rom flakusi cdilobs, TiTqmis yvela personaJi erTma- 

neTisagan ganmasxvavebeli StrixebiT warmogvidginos; masTan udavod 

sxvagvarad arian daxasiaTebulni, erTi mxriv, kolxebi da, meore mxriv, 

skviTebi, TavianTi gansxvavebuli garegnobisa Tu cxovrebis niris gamo, 

iseve rogorc, Tavis mxriv aietisa da persesis mokavSire sardlebi. 

flakusi gansakuTrebiT aqcevs yuradRebas imas, rom, elementaruli 

eqsponirebis doneze mainc, esa Tu is personaJi mkiTxvelisaTvis 

dasamaxsovrebeli gaxados, amas igi axerxebs ramdenime gziT: personaJebs 

urCevs saguldagulod ama Tu im epiTets, gadmogvcems maT pirad Rirse- 

bas Tu mankierebas, xazs usvams raime Strixs mis garegnobasa Tu 

229

CacmulobaSi, agviwers maTi cxovrebis wesis amsaxvel detalebs, war- 

mogvidgens ama Tu im personaJs romelime saintereso ambis konteqstSi 

da, rac mTavaria, rogorc zemoT davrwmundiT, igi Tavis gamogonil per- 

sonaJebs saguldagulod urCevs saxelebs da, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 

Tavisda uneburad afarTovebs argonavtebis Tqmulebis kavkasiasTan da- 

kavSirebul epizodebs axali e. w. kvazi miTologiuri saxeebiT. 

230

daskvna 

valerius flakusis àrgonavtika~ berZnuli Tqmulebebis erT-erTi 

umniSvnelovanesi ciklis epikur damuSavebaSi aSkarad erT-erT saetapo 

poemas warmoadgens. Cveni naSromis mizani iyo flakusis poemis kvleva 

ramdenime aspeqtiT, romelTa Soris umTavress romaeli poetis e. w. kavka- 

siuri Tematikis mimarT damokidebulebis kvleva warmoadgenda. 

kvlevis Sedegebi amgvarad SeiZleba Camoyalibdes: 

1. valerius flakusis SemoqmedebaSi didia rogorc tradiciisaTvis 

angariSis gawevis, aseve novatorobis xvedriTi wili. tradiciuli 

informaciis gaTvaliswineba vlindeba flakusis poemis ara mxolod 

apolonios rodoselis àrgonavtikasTan~, aramed saerTod rogorc ber- 

Znul, aseve romaul poetur da miTologiur tradiciasTan mimarTebaSi. 

novatoroba Tavs iCens ramdenime mimarTulebiT: a) tradiciiT cnobili 

epizodebis ganvrcoba-transformaciaSi; b) apolonios rodoselTan Seda- 

rebiT centralur gmirTa xasiaTebis ufro reliefurad warmoCenasa da 

iasonisaTvis gmirisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSan-Tvisebebis miniWebaSi; 

yvelaze metad novatoroba vlindeba kavkasiis TematikasTan dakavSi- 

rebuli epizodebis, motivebis, personaJebis ganvrcobasa Tu SeqmnaSi, rac 

ramdenime ZiriTadi principiT xorcieldeba: 

a) kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli epizodebis ganvrcoba: amas flakusi 

aRwevs skviTebisa da kolxebis omis TemasTan dakavSirebuli epizodis 

gansakuTrebuli aqcentiT; am epizodis poemaSi CarTviT man sainteresod 

warmogvidgina kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli movlenebi. gacnobierebulad 

Tu gaucnobiereblad gviCvena kavkasiuri warmoSobis xalxTa damokidebu- 

leba erTmaneTTan, maTi adaT-wesebi zogadad regionis da aseve am regi- 

onis calkeuli qveynebis doneze. masTan sakmaod reliefurad aris war- 

modgenili, erTi mxriv, CrdiloeT SavizRvispireTi (skviTia, hirkania, ki- 

meria, meotisi), da, meore mxriv, samxr., da aRm. SaviszRvispireTi: (kol- 

xida, albania, amaZonia; aqve gvinda aRvniSnoT aietis mokavSire sardlebi, 

romelTa warmomavlobas flakusi ar azustebs, savaraudod, maTi saxiT 

sul cota Svidi arasaxeldebuli mxare Tu qveyana unda igulisxmebodes); 

b) kavkasiisa da misi mezobeli tomebis eqsponireba: am omSi monawi- 

le tomebis sakmaod farTo speqtris warmodgeniT. e. w. Sidakavkasiur 

231

konfliqtze yuradRebis gadatana flakusisaTvis sakmaod warmatebuli 

saSualeba aris, rac SeiZleba masStaburad gviCvenos kavkasiisa Tu mis 

mezoblad myofi tomebis panorama. flakuss mkafio warmodgena aqvs kavka- 

siis eTnikuri simravlis Sesaxeb. man aietisa da persesis omis 

konteqstSi poemaSi Semoiyvana sxvadasxva regionebis sardlebi da me- 

omrebi: alanebi, henioxebi, bisaltebi, kimerielebi, gangaridebi, hirkani- 

elebi, kolaletebi, sindebi, koralebi, batarnebi, drakantebi, kaspiadebi, 

nevrebi, iazigebi, mikeebi, keseebi, arimaspebi, avxatebi, Tirsagetebi, 

eqsomatebi, torinebi, satarxebi, kentorebi, xoaTrebi, balonitebi, mesi- 

elebi, sarmatebi, savromatebi, gelonebi, iberielebi. maTi umetesoba 

eqsponirebulia e. w. skviTebis katalogSi. gansakuTrebul yuradRebas 

uTmobs flakusi kolxebis warmomavlobis aRweras. am mizniT igi sakmaod 

originalurad warmogvidgens solis taZars, romlis kedlebzec kolxTa 

warmomavlobis suraTebia asaxuli. masTan gvxvdeba 30-mde tomi, romle- 

bic ar figurirebs flakusamdel tradiciaSi argonavtebis TqmulebasTan 

dakavSirebiT, maT Sesaxeb informacias flakusi, rogorc Cans, iRebs 

elinisturi da postelinisturi istoriuli Tu geografiuli wyaroebi- 

dan (straboni, pliniusi) an konfliqtSi monawile tomebs TviTon 

igonebs, masTan 4 saerTod ucnobi tomi dasturdeba; 

g) aiet-persesis konfliqtTan dakavSirebul epizodebSi personaJTa 

sakmaod didi speqtris CarTva: konfliqtSi monawile 150-mde personaJidan 

51 aris argonavti, danarCeni personaJebi kavkasiasa da misi mezobeli 

qveynebis warmomadgenlebi, aqedan 85 personaJi ucnobia flakusamdeli 

tradiciisaTvis, romelTagan 79 figura aietisa da persesis omis epizod- 

Sia CarTuli da isini SeiZleba flakusis fantaziis nayofad miviCnioT. 

2. flakusis poemaSi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas ipyrobs kavkasias- 

Tan dakavSirebuli personaJebis saxeldebis principebi. flakuss am per- 

sonaJebisadmi aSkarad diferencirebuli damokidebuleba aqvs: is cdi- 

lobs, sxvadasxva warmomavlobis figurebi aSkarad ganirCeodnen erTmane- 

Tisgan ara marto maT Sesaxeb mowodebuli informaciiT, aramed saxelde- 

bis donezec; rogorc kvlevam gviCvena, igi specialurad arCevs kavka- 

sieli, skviTi, kolxi, albaneli, iberieli, hirkanieli, kimerieli, amaZoni, 

parTeli da a. S. personaJebisaTvis saxelebs. garda im saxelebisa, 

232

omlebic flakusma miiRo tradiciidan (friqsusi, zetesi), masTan 

gvxvdeba savsebiT axali saxelebi, maT Soris gamoiyofa ramdenime jgufi: 

e. w. metyveli saxelebi; antikuri samyaros onomastikaSi dadasturebuli 

elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili saxelebi; Trakiul, skviTur da Crd. 

SavizRvispireTis, winaaziur, sparsul, egviptur, indur, frigiul, par- 

Tul onomastikaSi dadasturebuli elementebis kombinaciiT Seqmnili 

saxelebi; kavkasiur samyarosTan dakavSirebuli saxelebi. savsebiT 

aSkaraa, rom am saxelTa absoluturi umetesoba Seqmnilia TviTon poetis 

mier. 

3. valerius flakusTan kavkasiasTan dakavSirebuli informaciis 

ganvrcoba poemaSi ramdenime faqtoriT aris ganpirobebuli, romelTagan 

umTavresia: 

a) istoriuli realoba. am SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba romis imperiis 

sazRvrebis mniSvnelovani gafarToeba da misi interesebis sferoSi aRmo- 

savleT SavizRvispireTis regionis moqceva. Sesabamisad, poeti tradi- 

ciul miTs argonavtTa Sesaxeb, erTi mxriv, iyenebs romaelTa ltolvis 

asasaxad axali Soreuli teritoriebisaken, xolo, meore mxriv, interesi- 

sa im realobebis mimarT, rac am teritoriebze flakusis Tanamedrove 

epoqaSi arsebobda. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom im tomTa da personaJTa didi 

umetesoba argonavtTa Tqmulebis berZnul versiebSi arc dasturdeba da 

arc aris SesaZlebeli, rom dadasturdnen, radgan isini aSkarad 

valerius flakusis poeturi fantaziis nayofad SeiZleba miviCnioT. amiT 

igi, faqtobrivad, axdens apolonios rodoselis da sxva berZnuli wya- 

roebis monacemebis erTgvar sinTezs im realur codnasTan, rac roma- 

elebs gauCndaT maTi aRmosavleTiT eqspansiis Sedegad. Sesabamisad, Sei- 

Zleba iTqvas, rom es personaJebi valerius flakuss sWirdeba Tavisi 

informaciisaTvis kvaziistoriulobis misaniWeblad; garda amisa gasaTva- 

liswinebelia romaeli epikosis aSkarad diferencirebuli damokidebu- 

leba, erTi mxriv, geografiuli da, meore mxriv, naratiuli informaciis 

mimarT: Tu kavkasiis regionebisa da sxvadasxva dasaxlebuli punqtis 

aRwerisas igi realisturad warmosaxavs misTvis cnobil kavkasiis 

geografias, naratiul sferoSi igi did Tavisuflebas avlens, rTavs ra 

nawarmoebSi axal epizodebs da e. w. fsevdo-miTologiur personaJebs; 

233

) sakuTriv kavkasiis mimarT interesis gazrda. romis imperiisaTvis 

erT-erT umniSvnelovanes strategiul amocanas warmoadgenda, erTi mxriv, 

axali savaWro da sakomunikacio gzebis xelSi Cagdeba, xolo, meore 

mxriv, im teritoriebis da gadasasvlelebis gamoyeneba, romelTa saSu- 

alebiTac imperiisa da misi megobari qveynebis farglebs gareT mcxovrebi 

nomaduri tomebi `romauli mSvidobis~ arealSi moqceul xalxebs prob- 

lemebs Seuqmnidnen. Sesabamisad, flakusi asaxavs im suraTs, romelic 

saerTod kavkasiaSi arsebul viTarebas SeiZleba gadmoscemdes. marTalia, 

am mxriv istoriuli TvalsazrisiT SesaZloa igi araerT uzustobas 

uSvebdes da erTmaneTis dapirispirebulad warmogvidgendes im xalxebsa 

da maT warmomadgenlebs, romlebic zogjer marTlac mtrulad iyvnen 

erTmaneTis mimarT ganwyobilni, zogjer ki mSvidobiani TanamezoblobiT 

gamoirCeodnen. amiT poeti Sordeba istoriul sandoobas. samagierod igi 

sakmaod adekvaturad gadmoscems kavkasiis regionis da mis mezoblad 

mcxovrebTa mSfoTvare suls da mudmiv arastabilurobis safrTxes, ro- 

melic aq SeiZleba arsebobdes; 

g) flakusis survili, tradiciuli miTis epikuri damuSavebisas 

iyos misi didi winamorbedi epikosebis mimdevari da amasTanave 

novatoric. am SemTxvevaSi Cven vgulisxmobT rogorc homerosis, apolo- 

nios rodoselis, vergiliusis da sxvaTa araerTi epizodisa da pasaJis 

aSkara recefciis cdebs masTan, aramed aseve survils, xSir SemTxvevaSi 

gavides tradiciuli informaciuli CarCoebidan da rogorc semantikuri, 

aseve esTetikuri TvalsazrisiT novator poetad mogvevlinos. aqedan 

gamomdinare, valerius flakusi, ukve epikuri Semoqmedebis doneze avlens 

miTTa Txzvis SesaSur unars da amiT mniSvnelovnad amdidrebs argonav- 

tebis Sesaxeb Tqmulebis kavkasiur epizods. 

234

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135. L. Ullman, Valerius Flaccus in the mediaeval Florilegia, CPh 26, 1931, 21-30. 

136. P. Venini, "Sulla struttura delle Argonautiche di Valerio Flacco", RIL 105, 1971. 

137. M. Wacht, "Zur Motivierung der Handlung im Epos des Valerius" in M. Korn and H.J. 

Tschiedel (ed.), Ratis omnia vincet. Untersuchungen zu den Argonautica des Valerius 

Flaccus, 101-120, Hildesheim 1991. 

138. S. Wetzel, Die Gestalt der Medea bei Valerius Flaccus, Diss. Kiel 1957. 

139. H. J.W. Wijsman, A Commentary Valerius Flaccus Argonautica, Book V. Leiden 1996. 

140. H. J.W. Wijsman, A Commentary Valerius Flaccus Argonautica, Book VI. Leiden 2000. 

141. U. v. Wilamowitz-Mölendorff, Hellenistische Dichtung II, Berlin 1924, 165. 

statiebi enciklopediebidan Paulys Realenzyklopädie der klassischen Altertumswissen- 

schaft (RE), Der Neue Pauly (DNP): 

142. I. v. Bredov, Skythen, DNP, 11, 644-656. 

143. Bürchner, Ryndacus, RE, I A.1, 1286. 

144. Diehl, E., Phasis, RE, XIX.2, 1886-1893. 

242

145. Diehl, Phasis, RE, XIX.2, 1886-1893. 

146. Escher, Aia, RE, I.1, 919-920. 

147. Fluss, Koralloi, RE, XI. 2, 1377. 

148. Fluss, Moesi, RE, XV. 2, 2347-2350. 

149. Franke, Latris, RE, XII.1, 978. 

150. Graef, Amazones, RE, I, II, 1755. 

151. Gressmann, RE, II A.2, 2229-2230. 

152. Gunning, Menippe, RE, XV.1 860-861. 

153. Herrman, Iaxartes, RE, IX, 1181. 

154. Herrmann, Maiotis, RE, XIV. 1, 590-592. 

155. Herrmann, Mykoi, RE, XVI. 1, 1029. 

156. Herrmann, Neuroi, RE, XVII. 1, 158-161. 

157. Herrmann, Thyssagetai, RE, A. 1, 755. 

158. Hoefer, Arron, RE, II 1, 1260. 

159. Hoefer, Ciris, RE, III.2, 2585. 

160. Honigmann, Sidon, RE, II A.2, 2216-2229. 

161. Ihm, Bastarnae, RE, III. 1, 110-113. 

162. K. Kretschmer, Scythia, RE II A,1, 942-946. 

163. Kiessling, Gandaridai, RE, VII. 1, 694-695. 

164. Kiessling, Heniochi, RE, VIII, 259-280. 

165. Kiessling, Hypanis, RE, IX.1, 210-230. 

166. Kiessling, Hyrkania, RE, IX 1, 454-526. 

167. Kiessling, s. v. ïHnivocoi, RE 8. 1, 259-280. 

168. Lesky, Medeia, RE, XV 1, 30. 

169. Oberhummer, Bisaltai, RE, III. 1, 499-500. 

170. Oberhummer, Hebros, RE, VII.2, 2589-2590. 

171. Oberhummer, Koilaletai, RE, XI. 1, 1049. 

172. Patsch, Caucasus mons, RE, III.2 1801. 

173. Patsch, Caucasus mons, RE, III.2; 1801. 

174. W. Peek, Perses, RE, XIX 1, 973-974. 

175. Plontke-Lüning, Heniochoi, DNP 5, 346-7. 

176. Polaschek, Peuce, RE, XIX.2, 1384-1390. 

177. O. Rossbach, Anxur, RE, I.2, 2652-2653. 

178. Ruge, Sinope, RE, 3A. 1, 252-255. 

243

179. Scherling, Taulas, RE, IV A.2, 2530. 

180. L. Schmidt, V. Terentius, P. (Atacinus), DNP12/1. 

181. Sittig, Ripheus, RE, I A.1, 921. 

182. Swoboda, Datis, RE, IV.2, 2227-2229. 

183. Tages, RE, IV A.2, 2009-2011. 

184. Tomaschek, Ambenus mons, RE, I.2, 1797. 

185. Tomaschek, Auchatai, RE, II, 2, 2268. 

186. Tomaschek, Ballonoti, RE, II. 2, 2832. 

187. Tomaschek, Caspiae, RE, III.2, 1654. 

188. Tomaschek, Choaspes, RE, III.2, 2355 

189. Tomaschek, Choatrae, RE, III. 2, 2355. 

190. Tomaschek, Cissianti, RE, III. 2, 2590. 

191. Tomaschek, Cyrni, RE, IV.2, 1943-1944. 

192. Tomaschek, Darapsa, RE, IV.2, 2152. 

193. Tomaschek, Drangai, RE, V. 2, 1665-1667. 

194. Tümpel, Amastris, RE, I.2, 1749-50; Amastros, RE, I.2, 1750. 

195. Türk, Strymon, RE, IV A.1, 394. 

196. Türk, Thoe, RE, VI A.1, 303. 

197. Vulić, Iazyges, RE, IX. 1, 1189 S VI. 

198. Wagner, Euryale, RE, VI.1, 1316-17. 

199. Weicker, Henioche, RE, 8. 1, 258. 

200. Weicker, Henioche, RE, VIII.1, 258. 

201. Weissbach, Choatras, RE, III. 2, 2355. 

202. Weissbach, Kentrites, RE, XI. 1, 181. 

203. Weissbach, Kossaioi, RE, XI. 2, 1499-1503. 

204. Weissbach, Satarchae, RE, II A. 1, 60. 

205. Wernicke, Arimaspoi, RE, II 1, 826. 

206. Wernicke, Arimaspoi, RE, II, 1, 826-7. 

207. Wernike,ÖApsyrtos, RE, II 1, 284. 

244

danarTi 

nawyvetebi valerius flakusis àrgonavtikidan~ 

I, 1-4 

Prima deum magnis canimus freta pervia natis 

fatidicamque ratem, Scythici quae Phasidis oras 

ausa sequi mediosque inter iuga concita cursus 

rumpere flammifero tandem consedit Olympo. 

I, 40-63 

'hanc mihi militiam, veterum quae pulchrior actis, 

adnue daque animum. nostri de sanguine Phrixus 

Cretheos ut patrias audis effugerit aras. 

hunc ferus Aeetes, Scythiam Phasinque rigentem 

qui colit – heu magni Solis pudor! –, hospita vina 

inter et attonitae mactat sollemnia mensae 

nil nostri divumque memor. non nuntia tantum 

fama refert: ipsum iuvenem tam saeva gementem, 

ipsum ego, cum serus fessos sopor alligat artus, 

aspicio, lacera adsiduis namque illius umbra 

questibus et magni numen maris excitat Helle. 

si mihi quae quondam vires, et pendere poenas 

Colchida iam et regis caput hic atque arma videres. 

olim annis ille ardor hebet necdum mea proles 

imperio et belli rebus matura marique. 

tu, cui iam curaeque vigent animique viriles, 

i, decus, et pecoris Nephelaei vellera Graio 

redde tholo ac tantis temet dignare periclis!' 

talibus hortatur iuvenem propiorque iubenti 

conticuit certus Scythico concurrere ponto 

Cyaneas tantoque silet possessa dracone 

vellera, multifidas regis quem filia linguas 

vibrantem ex adytis cantu dapibusque vocabat 

et dabat externo liventia mella veneno. 

I, 1-4 

vumReriT zRvebs, romlebic pirvelad 

RmerTTa didebulma vaJebma gadalaxes 

da bedis mauwyebel xomalds, romelmac 

skviTuri fasisis napirebis Cavla gabeda, 

moZrav kldeTa Soris swrafad gaikvala 

gza da sabolood cecxlovan olimposze 

daisadgura. 

I, 40-63 

`gamiwie samsaxuri, romelic winaparTa 

saqmeebs aRemateba da gulisyuriT moekide. 

ukve gsmenia, Tu rogor gaeqca mamiseul 

samsxverplos friqsusi, Cveni kreTevsis 

sisxlisa. igi mrisxane aietma, romelic 

skviTias da yinulovan fasiss ganagebs, 

– hoi, sircxvilo dido mzisao! – 

msxverpliviT dakla samaspinZlo Rvinoebs 

Soris, amis Semswre menadimeTa Sesa- 

Sineblad, dagviviwya Cvenca da RmerTnic. 

es ambavi monaWori ar gegonos. roca 

gvianobiT Tvlemas miecema Cemi dauZlurebuli 

sxeuli, vxedav xolme am ymawvils, 

saSinlad rom godebs RamiT, radgan 

gamudmebiT sayvedurebiT maRviZebs misi 

dasaxiCrebuli aCrdili da helec, didi 

zRvis RvTaebac. uwindeburad Zala rom 

Semwevdes, ukve ixilavdi kolxidas dasjils, 

mefis Tavsac da aRWurvilobas. JamTa 

svlam daacxro Cemi mgznebareba, Cemi 

memkvidre ki jer ar momwifebula mmar- 

TvelobisaTvis, saomari saqmeebisa da 

naosnobisaTvis. Sen, romelsac ukve Zala 

gerCis, wadi da kvlav daubrune berZnul 

taZars sawmisi nefeles cxovelisa, Rirsad 

Seracxe Tavi am safrTxisaTvis~. ase 

aqezebda igi ymawvils, rac ufro brZanebas 

hgavda, is ki ganzrax ar uTqvams, 

ueWvelad rac uwyoda, rom skviTiis 

zRvaSi kianeebi erTmaneTs ejaxebian da 

rom sawmiss iseTi Zlieri drakoni darajobs, 

romelsac mravlad dayofili enebiT 

mosisines, jadosnuri galobiTa da 

nugbariT ixmobda siRrmidan mefis asuli 

da awvdida Tafls, Sezavebuls ucxouri 

SxamiT, ris gamoc mas molurjo feri 

dahkravda. 

245

IV, 599-625 

quid tibi nubifera surgentem rupe Carambin, 

quid memorem quas Iris aquas aut torqueat Ancon? 

proxima Thermodon hinc iam secat arva – memento – 

inclita Amazonidum magnoque exorta Gradivo 

gens ibi: femineas nec tu nunc crede catervas, 

sed qualis, sed quanta viris insultat Enyo 

divaque Gorgonei gestatrix innuba monstri. 

ne tibi tunc horrenda rapax ad litora puppem 

ventus agat, ludo volitans cum turma superbo 

pulvereis exsultat equis ululataque tellus 

intremit et pugnas mota pater incitet hasta. 

non ita sit metuenda tibi saevissima quamquam 

gens Chalybum, duris patiens cui cultus in arvis 

et tonat adflicta semper domus ignea massa. 

inde omnem innumeri reges per litoris oram, 

hospitii quis nulla fides, sed limite recto 

puppis et aequali transcurrat carbasus aura: 

sic demum rapidi venies ad Phasidis amnem. 

castra ibi iam Scythiae fraternaque surgit Erinys. 

ipse truces illic Colchos hostemque iuvabis 

auxiliis. nec plura equidem discrimina cerno. 

fors etiam optatam dabitur contingere pellem. 

sed te non animis nec solis viribus aequum 

credere: saepe acri potior prudentia dextra. 

quam tulerit deus, arripe opem. iamque ultima nobis 

promere fata nefas. Silebo prior' . . . . 

IV, 711-732 

Tum freta, quae longis fuerant impervia saeclis, 

ad subitam stupe ratem Pontique iacentis 

omne solum regesque patent gentesque repostae. 

non alibi effusis cesserunt longius undis 

litora, non, tantas quamvis Tyrrhenus et Aegon 

volvat aquas, geminis tot desint Syrtibus undae. 

nam super huc vastos tellus quoque congerit amnes; 

IV, 599-625 

risTvisRa mogaxseno Sen RrubliT mosili, 

klded aRmarTuli karambisis Sesaxeb, 

aseve wylebis Sesaxeb, romelTac 

irisi an ankoni atrialebs? aqedan axlomdebare 

mindvrebs ukve Termodoni kve- 

Ts; gaxsovdes, iq didi gradivusisgan warmomavali 

saxelganTqmuli xalxi – amazonebi 

saxloben; nu gegoneba, rom qalTa 

razmia oden, aramed iseTebi arian, rogoric 

enio, kacebs abuCad rom igdebs da 

iseTebi, rogoric RvTaebrivi da umanko 

qalwuli, gorgonas urCxulis mpyrobeli. 

de, mZlavri qari nu gariyavs Sens 

xomalds Tavzardamcem napirebTan maSin, 

roca amazonTa mqrolavi gundi amayad 

iqcevs Tavs mtvrian cxenebze jiriTiT, 

roca miwa maTi SeZaxilebiT krTeba da 

mama maxvilis rxeviT brZolas aRazevebs. 

nu SegaSinebs metad mrisxane tomi xalibTa, 

isini xom Znelad dasamuSavebel mindvrebSi 

did jafas sweven da moelvare 

sacxovrisebidan maradJams rkinis wrTobis 

guguni ismis. maT Semdeg mTel sanapiros 

gayolebaze uTvalavi mefe saxlobs, 

romelTac ar ician stumarmaspinZloba, 

ase rom pirdapir eWiros gezi 

xomalds da zomierma qarma dahberos 

ialqnebs: ase, bolos da bolos, miaRwev 

mSfoTvare mdinares, fasiss. iq dgas ukve 

skviTTa laSqari da aRzevebula Zmebs 

Soris erinia. iq mrisxane kolxebsa da 

mters gverdSi daudgebi. sxva safrxes namdvilad 

veRar Sevicnob. mogecema SemTxveva, 

rom Seni sasurveli sawmisi moipovo. 

magram nu ggonia, rom mxolod simamace 

da Zala geyofa: xSirad Wkuas meti 

ZaluZs, vidre marjve xels. CaeWide RmerTisgan 

movlenil daxmarebas. amaze metis 

xvedris cxadyofis neba aRar gvaqvs. 

upriania gavCumde . . ." 

IV, 711-732 

maSin gancvifrdnen nakadebi, saukuneebis 

ganmavlobaSi gauvlelni, uecrad gamoCenili 

xomaldis gamo, aRmoCenilia ukidegano 

pontusis mTeli sivrce, mefeni da 

Soreuli tomebi. tireniis da egeosis 

zRvebi wylis raoden uxv morevs atrialebs, 

da orive sirtusic metad wyaluxvia, 

Tumca mainc arsad sxvagan ase ar 

swydeba napirebs maRla azvirTuli tal- 

Rebi; vinaidan aq miwac mraval mdinares 

uyris Tavs; aRar movixsenieb wyalTa im 

246

non septemgemini memorem quas exitus Histri, 

quas Tanais flavusque Tyres Hypanisque Novasque 

addat opes quantosque sinus Maeotia laxent 

aequora. flumineo sic agmine fregit amari 

vim salis hinc Boreae cedens glaciantibus auris 

Pontus et exorta facilis concrescere bruma. 

utque vel immotos Ursae rigor invehit amnes 

vel freta versa vadis, hiemem sic unda per omnem 

aut campo iacet aut tumido riget ardua fluctu, 

atque hac Europam curvis anfractibus urget, 

hac Asiam, Scythicum specie sinuatus in arcum. 

illic umbrosae semper stant aequore nubes 

et non certa dies, primo nec sole profundum 

solvitur aut vernis cum lux aequata tenebris, 

sed redit extremo tandem in sua litora Tauro. 

V, 120-126 

transit Halys longisque fluens anfractibus Iris 

saevaque Thermodon medio sale murmura volvens, 

Gradivo sacer et spoliis ditissimus amnis, 

donat equos, donat votas cui virgo secures 

cum redit ingenti per Caspia claustra triumpho 

Massageten Medumque trahens. est vera propago 

sanguinis, est ollis genitor dues . . . 

V, 140-183 

Nocte sub extrema clausis telluris ab antris 

pervigil auditur Chalybum labor: arma fatigant 

ruricolae, Gradive, tui; sonat illa creatrix 

prima manus belli, terras crudelis in omnes. 

nam prius ignoti quam dura cubilia ferri 

eruerent ensesque darent, Odia aegra sine armis 145 

errabant Iraeque inopes et segnis Erinys. 

inde Genetaei rupem Iovis, hinc Tibarenum 

dant virides post terga lacus, ubi deside mitra 

siuxves, Svidnakadiani istrosis SesarTavebi 

rom warmoqmnian: tanaiss, yviTel 

tiress, hipanissa da novass, da im farTo 

yures, sadac meotisis wylebi iRvreba; 

ase dasZlia nakadTa mdinarebiT marilis 

simlaSe, aq pontusi gzas uTmobs 

boreasis gamyinav qarebs da siciveSi 

advilad iyineba; da sulerTia, daTvis 

Tanavarskvlavedis gamyinvareba mouswrebs 

umoZrao mdinareebs Tu siRrmidan 

aboboqrebul zRvas, an mTeli zamTris 

manZilze talRebis zedapiri sarkesavi- 

Taa mosworebuli an frialo kldesaviT 

azidul zvirTebad iyineba; skviTiuri 

mSvildiviT moxrili pontusi erTi mxridan 

evropas exeba Tavisi mrude xveulebiT, 

meoredan ki azias. iq zRvas mudam 

moqufruli Rrublebi adgas, da arc na- 

Teli dRe icis, wyvdiads verc mzis pirveli 

sxivebi arRvevs da verc gazafxulis 

bunioba, aramed mxolod kuros Tanavarskvlavedis 

Casvlisas kvlavac amodis 

Tavis napirebze. 

V, 120-126 

. . . miRma rCeba halisi da grZel 

xveulebad mimdinare irisi da Termodoni, 

romelic Tavis mrisxane nakadebs mariliani 

zRvis SuagulSic ki xmauriT 

aCuxCuxebs, gradivusisaTvis wminda da 

umdidresi nadavliT savse mdinare, romelsac 

axalgazrda qalwuli uZRvnis 

cxenebs da aRTqmul sabrZolo culebs 

miarTmevs, rodesac is didebuli triumfiT 

kaspiis viwrobebiT ukan brundeba, 

moaTrevs ra ukan masagetsa da midiels. 

WeSmariti STamomavlebi arian isini Rv- 

Taebrivi sisxlisa, RmerTisgan warmoSo- 

bilni... 

V, 140-183 

Ramis miwuruls miwis Carazuli jurRmulebidan 

ismis xalibTa daucxromeli 

Sroma: TavianT xelsawyoebs Seni macxovrebelni, 

gradivuss, dauRalav jafas ayeneben. 

mTels dedamiwaze grgvinavs maTi 

xeli, sazareli omis pirveli Semoqmedi, 

radgan, vidre isini ucnobi rkinis myar 

samadnoebs amoTxridnen da maxvilebs gadmogvcemdnen, 

ugzo-ukvlod daexeteboda 

susti, uiaraRo siZulvili, uZluri risxva 

da zanti erinisi. Semdeg Camoitoveben 

miniebi iupiter geneteusis kldes, 

Semdeg – tibarenTa mwvane tbebs, sadac 

orsuli sakuTar uqnara qmars Tavs ubu- 

247

feta ligat partuque virum fovet ipsa soluto. 

vos quoque non notae mirati vela carinae, 150 

Mossynoeci, et vos stabulis, Macrones, ab altis 

Byzeresque vagi Philyraeque a nomine dicta 

litora, quae cornu pepulit Saturnus equino. 

Ultimus inde sinus saevumque cubile Promethei 

cernitur, in gelidas consurgens Caucasus Arctos. 155 

ille etiam Alciden Titania fata morantem 

attulerat tum forte dies iamque aspera nisu 

undique convellens veteris cum strage pruinae 

vincula prensa manu saxis abduxerat imis 

arduus et laevo gravior pede. consonat ingens 160 

Caucasus et summo pariter cum monte secutae 

incubuere trabes abductaque flumina ponto. 

fit fragor, aetherias ceu Iuppiter arduus arces 

impulerit imas manus aut Neptunia terras. 

horruit immensum Ponti latus, horruit omnis 165 

Armeniae praetentus Hiber penitusque recusso 

aequore Cyaneas Minyae timuere relictas. 

tum gemitu propiore chalybs densusque revulsis 

rupibus audiri montis labor et grave Titan 

vociferans, fixos scopulis dum vellitur artus. 170 

contra autem ignari (quis enim nunc credat in illis 

montibus Alciden dimissave vota retemptet?) 

pergere iter socii. tantum mirantur ab alto 

litora discussa sterni nive ruptaque saxa 

et simul ingentem moribundae desuper umbram 175 

alitis atque atris rorantes imbribus auras. 

Sol propius flammabat aquas extremaque fessis 

coeperat optatos iam lux ostendere Colchos, 

magnus ubi adversum spumanti Phasis in aequor 

ore ruit. cuncti pariter loca debita noscunt 180 

signaque commemorant emensasque ordine gentes 

dantque ratem fluvio. simul aethere plena corusco 

Pallas et alipedum Iuno iuga sistit equorum. 

ravs mandiliT da mSobiarobis mere Tvi- 

Ton uvlis. Tqvenc, mosinebo, gagaocaT 

ucnobi xomaldis ialqnebma da Tqvenc, 

makronebo, Tqveni maRali sacxovrisebidan 

da Tqvenc, momTabare biZerebo, da 

Tqvenc, filiras saxeliT wodebulo napirebo, 

romelnic saturnusma cxenis floqviT 

Searyia. aqedan moCans ukiduresi 

yure da promeTes SiSismomgvreli samyofeli 

kavkasusi, romelic yinulovan 

arqtosTan aRmarTula. am dRes SemTxveviT 

iq alkidic misuliyo, titanis xvedris 

Sesaferxeblad da, ai, ukve mTeli 

Zal-RoniT yoveli mxridan anjRrevs 

myar borkilebs Zvel WirxlTan erTad, 

Caavlebs maT xels da kldis Ziridan 

amoglejs maRla aRmarTuli da marcxena 

fexs myarad dayrdnobili; da xma gamosca 

Zlevamosilma kavkasusma, mTis mwvervalTan 

erTad xeebma iwyes cvena da 

zRvas daSordnen mdinareebi. gaisma xmauri, 

TiTqos maRla wamomarTul iupiters 

Seeryios eTeris simagreebi an neptunusis 

xels mTeli qvemo samyaro. Tavzari 

daeca pontusis mTel Tvaluwvdenel 

sanapiros, SeZrwunebuliyo yoveli 

iberi, armeniamde mosaxle, SoriT uzomod 

aRelvebuli zRvis danaxvaze, 

SeSindnen miniebic kianeebis gamo, romlebic 

maT ukve ukan moetovebinaT. maSin 

ufro axlodan moismoda foladis JRaruni, 

TiTqos lodebi swydebodes 

kldeso da gamyinavi gminva titanisa, 

roca tanjvas daiTmendnen kldeze mija- 

Wvuli misi sxeulis asoni. magram amasobaSi, 

ise gaagrZeles Tanamgzavrebma gza, 

rom arc icodnen (an vin ifiqrebda rom 

alkidi iyo axla am mTebSi an rom kvlav 

Seecdeboda Seferxebuli aRTqmis aRsrulebas). 

axla maT didebuli zRvidan 

akvirvebT, TovliT dafaruli napirebi 

da kldeTa lodebi saxilavi, amasTanave 

aocebT uzarmazari Crdili momakvdavi 

frinvelisa, romlis sisxlic Sav wvimad 

iJRinTeba haerSi. mze ufro axlos ana- 

Tebda wyalTan da dRis miwuruls ukve 

ixiles daqanculebma nanatri kolxebi, 

sadac didi fasisi aqafebuli SesarTaviT 

pirispir zRvaSi Caedineba. umal Seicno 

yvelam, maTTvis bedisweriT gansazRvruli 

adgilebi, moigonebdnen niSnebs, 

erTmaneTis miyolebiT gamovlil tomebs 

da xomaldiT mdinaris gaswvriv micurav- 

248

V, 416-428 

nec minus hinc varia dux laetus imagine templi 

ad geminas fert ora fores cunabula gentis 

Colchidos hic ortusque tuens, ut prima Sesostris 

intulerit rex bella Getis, ut clade suorum 

territus hos Thebas patriumque reducat ad amnem, 

Phasidis hos imponat agris Colchosque vocari 

imperet. Arsinoen illi tepidaeque requirunt 

otia laeta Phari pinguemque sine imbribus annum 

et iam Sarmaticis permutant carbasa bracis. 

barbarus in patriis sectatur montibus Aean 

Phasis amore furens. pavidas iacit illa pharetras 

virgineo turbata metu, discursibus et iam 

deficit ac volucri victam deus alligat unda . . . 

V, 456-464 

e Sole satus patriis penetralibus infert. 

filius hunc iuxta primis Absyrtus in annis, 

dignus avo quemque insontem meliora manerent. 

tum gener Albanis Styrus qui advenerat oris, 

distulerant sed bella toros. tum Phrontis et Argus 

Aeolidae fraterque Melas, quos advena Phrixus 

progenuit, pariterque levi Cytisorus in hasta. 

post alii, quos praecipuo Titania tellus 

legit honore patres, motique ad proelia reges. 

VI, 33-167 

Hinc age Rhipaeo quos videris orbe furores, 

Musa, mone, quanto Scythiam molimine Perses 

concierit, quis fretus equis per bella virisque. 

verum ego nec numero memorem nec nomine cunctos 

mille vel ora movens. neque enim plaga gentibus ulla 

ditior: aeterno quamquam Maeotia pubes 

Marte cadat, pingui numquam tamen ubere defit 

dnen. amasobaSi ciuri ciagiT mosili palasi 

da iuno lagams amosdeben frTos- 

an cxenebs. 

V, 416-428 

sardali taZris svadasxva gamosaxulebiT 

aranaklebad aRfTovanebuli mzeras 

miapyrobs ormag karibWes. aq xedavs 

kolxuri modgmis warmomavlobasa da 

dasabams, Tu rogor daiwyo pirveli 

omebi mefe sesostrisma getebis winaaRmdeg, 

xolo Tavisi laSqris marcxiT zardacemulma 

erTi nawili TebeSi, mSobliur 

mdinaresTan daabruna, sxvebi ki fasisis 

mxareSi daasaxla da ganuwesa kolxebi 

rqmeodaT. erTni daubrundnen arsinoes, 

Tbil farusze uzrunvel cxovrebas, 

xelsayrel mSral havas; meoreni ki 

ukve scvlian tilos samosels sarmatul 

Sarvlebze. Tavis mSobliur mTebSi eas 

misdevs barbarosi fasisi, siyvaruliT 

gaxelebuli. igi ki, aRelvebuli qalwulebrivi 

SiSiT, agdebs aTrTolebul 

kaparWebs, sirbiliT qancgawyvetils Zala 

aRar Seswevs da RmerTi imorCilebs 

swrafi talRiT... 

V, 456-464 

... mzis Svili mamiseul palatebSi SebrZandeba. 

gverdiTaa misi Svili absirtusi 

jer kidev mcirewlovani, babuas Rirsi 

da Rirsi imisa, rom mas, udanaSaulos 

ukeTesi xvedri rgeboda. Semdeg ki misi 

sasiZo stirusi, romelic albaniis sanapiroebidan 

mosuliyo, magram omis gamo 

qorwili gadaedoT. Semdeg frontisi 

da argusi, eolidebi da maTi Zma melasi, 

vaJni ucxoeli friqsusisa, da iqve _ kitisorusi, 

Tavis msubuq maxvils dayrdnobili. 

Semdeg ki isini, romelTac titaniuri 

qveyana irCevs gansakuTrebuli pativiT 

uxucesebad da aseve sabrZolvel- 

ad moxmobili mefeni. 

VI, 33-167 

axla, muzav, Semaxsene, Tu rogori sisastike 

naxe aq ripeis miwaze, Tu rogori 

didi ZalisxmeviT mouwodebda persesi 

skviTebs, Tu romeli cxenebis da kacTa 

imedi hqonda omSi. namdvilad ver SevZleb 

verc ricxvi da verc saxelebi movixsenio 

yvelasi, Tundac aTasi ena mqondes, 

radgan ar aris sxva mxare tomebiT 

esoden mdidari: miuxedavad imisa, rom 

meotiis axalgazrdoba gamudmebiT iRupeba 

omebSi, mainc ar gadaSenebula STamo- 

249

quod geminas Arctos magnumque quod impleat 

Anguem 

ergo duces solasque, deae, mihi promite gentes. 

Miserat ardentes mox ipsa secutus Alanos 

Heniochosque truces iam pridem infensus Anausis, 

pacta quod Albano coniunx Medea tyranno, 

nescius heu quanti thalamos ascendere monstri 

arserit atque urbes maneat qui terror Achaeas, 

gratior ipse deis orbaque beatior aula. 

proxima Bisaltae legio ductorque Colaxes, 

sanguis et ipse deum, Scythicis quem Iuppiter oris 

progenuit viridem Myracen Tibisenaque iuxta 

ostia, semifero – dignum si credere – captus 

corpore, nec nymphae geminos exhorruit angues. 

cuncta phalanx insigne Iovis caelataque gestat 

tegmina dispersos trifidis ardoribus ignes; 

nec primus radios, miles Romane, corusci 

fulminis et rutilas scutis diffuderis alas. 

insuper auratos collo gerit ipse dracones, 

matris Horae specimen, linguisque adversus utrimque 

congruit et tereti serpens dat vulnere gemmae. 

tertius unanimis veniens cum milibus Auchus 

Cimmerias ostentat opes, cui candidus olim 

crinis inest, natale decus; dat longior aetas 

iam speciem; triplici percurrens tempora nodo 

demittit sacro geminas a vertice vittas. 

Datin Achaemeniae gravior de vulnere pugnae 

misit in arma Daraps, acies quem Martia circum 

Gangaridum potaque Gerus quos efferat unda 

quique lacum cinxere Bycen. non defuit Anxur, 

non Radalo cum fratre Sydon, Acesinaque laevo 

omine fatidicae ~Phrixus~ movet agmina cervae. 

ipsa comes saetis fulgens et cornibus aureis 

ante aciem celsi vehitur gestamine conti 

maesta nec in saevae lucos reditura Dianae. 

movit et Hylaea supplex cum gente Syenen 

mavloba, romelic orive daTvisa da 

didi drakonis Tanavarskvlavedebs Soris 

saxlobs. maS, qalRmerTebo, winamZRolTa 

da mxolod tomTa saxelebi 

ganmicxadeT. anavsisma gamoagzavna brZolis 

wyurviliT anTebuli alanebi da 

mrisxane henioxebi, mohyva male Tvi- 

Tonac, ukve didi xnis win mtrulad ganwyobili, 

radganac albanel mbrZanebels 

Sehpirebodnen medeas sacoled; vai, rom 

ar icoda sabralom, Tu rogori urCxulis 

saqorwino sarecels eswrafoda da 

Tu rogori ubedureba elodaT aqeas qalaqebs. 

TviTon RmerTTaTvis metad sayvareli 

da ufro svebednieri iqneboda, 

Tavis martodSTenil sasaxleSi. yvelaze 

axloa masTan bisaltebis legioni da sardali 

kolaqsesi. isic RvTaebrivi sisxlisaa, 

iupiters skviTiis sanapirosTan 

Causaxavs, mwvane mirakes da tibisenuri 

SesarTavebis maxloblad. igi, Tu es simarTlea, 

nimfis sxeuliT – naxevrad cxovelis, 

naxevrad qalisa – moxiblula da 

arc misi ori gvelis SeSinebia. mTeli sabrZolo 

mwyobri atarebs iupiteris ni- 

Sans, farebis amotvifrul safarvelze, 

sam nawilad aalebul cecxls. Sen ar xar 

pirveli, romaelo jariskaco, romelic 

ganavrcelebs elvis sxivebs da farebisgan 

areklil qarvisfer ciags. TviT kolaqsess 

daumatebia mooqrovili drakonebi, 

misi dedis horas niSani da aqeTiqidan 

enebiT uerTdeba erTmaneTs ori 

gveli da geslaven Tlil qvas. mesamea 

avxusi, erTsulovan aTasebs win rom 

mouZRvis, kimeriul Zlevamosilebas. mas 

ukve didi xania WaRara Tma aqvs, dabadebidan 

Tandayolili niSani; mxcovani 

asakis gamo Tavi gamelotebia, safeTqlebze 

sammagad ganaskvuli Tavsaburavi 

Semouxvevia, RvTaebrivi Txemidan ormagi 

sakvreli CamoSvebia. darapsma, romelic 

Zlier itanjeboda aqemenidur 

brZolaSi miRebuli Wrilobisagan, datisi 

gamogzavna sabrZolvelad. Mmas Semosjarvia 

sabrZolod anTebuli gangaridebi; 

isinic, visac gerusi Tavisi wylebis 

SesmiT agznebs, da isini, romlebic bikesis 

tbis garSemo saxloben. ar gamohklebia 

arc anqsuri, arc sidoni ZmasTan, 

radalusTan erTad; bedismauwyebeli furiremis 

avis momaswavebeli niSniT akesinur 

jarebs mouZRvis friqsusi. maTi 

250

impia germani praetentans vulnera Perses. 

densior haud usquam nec celsior extulit ullas 

silva trabes fessaeque prius rediere sagittae 

 

quin et ab Hyrcanis Titanius expulit antris 

Ciris in arma viros plaustrisque ad proelia cunctas 

Coelaletae traxere manus. ibi sutilis illis 

est domus et crudo residens sub vellere coniunx 

et puer e primo torquens temone cateias. 

linquitur abruptus pelago Tyra, linquitur et mons 

Ambenus et gelidis pollens Ophiusa venenis 

degeneresque ruunt Sindi glomerantque paterno 

crimine nunc etiam metuentes verbera turmas. 

hos super aeratam Phalces agit aequore nubem 

cum fremitu densique levant vexilla Coralli, 

barbaricae quis signa rotae ferrataque dorso 

forma suum truncaeque, Iovis simulacra, columnae. 

proelia nec rauco curant incendere cornu 

indigenas sed rite duces et prisca suorum 

facta canunt veterumque, viris hortamina, laudes. 

ast ubi Sidonicas inter pedes aequat habenas 

illinc iuratos in se trahit Aea Batarnas, 

quos duce Teutagono crudi mora corticis armat 

aequaque nec ferro brevior nec rumpia ligno. 

nec procul albentes gemina ferit aclyde parmas 

hiberni qui terga Novae gelidumque securi 

eruit et tota non audit Alazona ripa. 

101a 

quosque Taras niveumque ferax Euarchus olorum. 

te quoque venturis, ingens Ariasmene, saeclis 

tradiderim, molem belli lateque ferentem 

undique falcatos deserta per aequora currus. 

insequitur Drangea phalanx claustrisque profusi 

Caspiadae, quis turba canum non segnius acres 

exsilit ad lituos pugnasque capessit eriles. 

inde etiam par mortis honos tumulisque recepti 

megzuria priala bewviTa da oqros 

rqebiT gamosaxuli furiremi, jars win 

mihyveba maRal Wolokze davanebuli. sevdians 

ar surs kvlav mrisxane dianas 

WalaSi dabruneba. persesma TxovniT salaSqrod 

SesZra agreTve hileas tomTan 

erTad sienesi, uCvenebda maT Zmis mier 

uRvTod miyenebul Wrilobebs. arsad ase 

mWidrod da maRla ar aRumarTavs tyes 

xeebis kenweroebi, ise rom isrebic umal 

cviodnen, vidre xeTa umaRles kenweroebs 

miaRwevdnen. hirkaniis gamoqvabulebidanac 

ki aRazeva vaJkacebi sabrZolvelad 

titaniusma kirisma. brZolaSi Caabes 

kelaletebma yvela Tavisi razmi etlebze 

amxedrebuli. maT aqvT iqve tyavisgan 

Sekerili sacxovrisebi, hyavT coli, 

romelic daumuSavebeli tyavis karavSi 

zis, da vaJic, romelic wamaxul joxebs 

isvris xelnaze Semomjdari. mitovebul 

iqna zRvispira frialo tira, mTa ambenusic 

da momakvdinebeli SxamebiT uxvi ofiusa. 

gadagvarebuli sindebic moiCqarian 

da Tavs uyrian razmebs, maT axlac ki 

winaparTa danaSaulis gamo dartymebis 

eSiniaT. Semdeg falkessac mohyavs 

zeganze xmaurianad brinjaoTi SeiaraRebuli 

meomrebi da mravalricxovani 

koralebi TavianT almebs aRmarTaven, 

gamousaxavT maTze barbarosuli borblebi, 

zurgze – rkinaSi amotvifruli 

gareuli taxebi da waWrili svetebi, 

gamosaxuleba iupiterisa. isini brZolas 

xrinwiani sayviriT ki ar aRazeveben, aramed 

mRerian TavianTi winamZRolebis da 

TanatomelTa adaTisamebr gardasul saqmeTa 

Sesaxeb, xotbas asxamen uxucesT. iq 

ki, sadac swrafi fexosani, sidonur Rvedebs 

uTanabrdeba, iqidan izidavs ea ficiT 

Sekrul batarnebs, tevtagonusis winamZRolobiT, 

SeiaraRebulT nedli qerqis 

safarveliani farebiT da xmliT, romelzec 

Tanabrad iyo ganawilebuli xe da 

rkina. maxloblad TeTr mrgval farebs 

styorcnis ormag xelSubs is, vinc zam- 

TarSi mdinare novas zedapirs najaxiT 

apobs da mTel sanapiroze aRar esmis 

yinulovani alazonis xma. . . . [tarasi 

da TovliviT qaTqaTa gedebiT uxvi evarxusi] 

... msurs Seni saxelic momaval saukuneebs 

gadavce, didebulo ariasmenuss, 

omis burjo, romelic yovelgan Sor manZilze 

namglebian etlebs udabur zegne- 

251

inter avos positusque virum. nam pectora ferro 

terribilesque innexa iubas ruit agmine nigro 

latratu cohors quanto sonat horrida Ditis 

ianua vel superas Hecates comitatus in auras. 

ducit ab Hyrcanis vates sacer agmina lucis 

Vanus, eum Scythiae iam tertia viderat aetas 

magnanimos Minyas Argoaque vela canentem. 

illius et dites monitis spondentibus Indi 

et centumgeminae Lagea novalia Thebes 

totaque Rhipaeo Panchaia rapta triumpho. 

discolor hastatas effudit Hiberia turmas, 

quas Otaces, quas Latris agunt, et raptor amorum 

Neurus et expertes canentis Iazyges aevi. 






ambo animis, ambo miri tam fortibus actis. 

hic et odorato spirantes crine ~Mycael~ 

Cessaeaeque manus et qui tua iugera nondum 

eruis, ignotis insons Arimaspe metallis, 

doctus et Auchates patulo vaga vincula gyro 

spargere et extremas laqueis adducere turmas. 

non ego sanguineis gestantem tympana bellis 

Thyrsaget cinctumque vagis post terga silebo 

pellibus et nexas viridantem floribus hastas. 

fama ducem Iovis et Cadmi de sanguine Bacchum 

hac quoque turiferos, felicia regna, Sabaeos, 

hac Arabas fudisse manu, mox rumperet Hebri 

cum vada Thyrsagetas gelida liquisse sub Arcto. 

illis omnis adhuc veterum tenor et sacer aeris 

pulsus et eoae memoratrix tibia pugnae. 

iungit opes Emeda suas, sua signa secuti 

Exomatae Torynique et flavi crine Satarchae. 

mellis honor Torynis, ditant sua mulctra Satarchen, 

bze daatareb. Semdeg mohyvebian drangeis 

sabrZolo wyebani da TavianTi savaneebidan 

gamosuli kaspiadebi, romelTa ZaRlebis 

xrova rqis sayviris mkafio xmaze 

swrafad xtis da patronTa brZolaSi monawileobs. 

amitom sikvdilis Semdeg maT 

sakadrisi pativic ergebaT da ikrZalebian 

winaparebis da vaJkacTa samarxebs 

Soris. ZaRlebis xrova ukve mkerd SejavSnulebi 

da ajagrulebi Sav mwyobrad 

mohqrian sazareli yefiT, rogoric 

gaismis disis SiSismomgvrel SesasvlelTan 

an hekates amala gamoscems maRla 

haerSi. aqeT mohyavs jarebi hirkaniis 

Walebidan wminda misans vanuss; mas ukve 

skviTiis mesame Taoba xedavda, Tu rogor 

umReroda mamac miniebsa da argos 

ialqnebs. misi winaswarmetyveluri gafrTxilebiT 

mdidarni arian indoelni da 

asbWiani Tebes egvipturi qveyana da mTeli 

panqaia, ripeis triumfiT dapyrobili. 

mravalferovani iberiidan SubosanTa 

jarebi moedinebian, romelTac sardloben 

otakesi, latrisi, siyvarulis gamtacebeli 

nevrusi da iazigebi, romelTac 

ar uwyian, Tu ra aris WaRara sibere. 

radgan rodesac Zala uwindeburad aRar 

erCiT da Cveuli mSvildi da maxvili 

ukve Tavis patrons aRar adgeba didsulovani 

winaprebisagan aseTi adaTi 

mosdgamT, ar daiTminon gangebiT dadgenili 

neli sikvdili, aramed aResrulon 

Zvirfasi STamomavlis marjveniT, misTvis 

micemuli xmliT, lodins bolos 

uRebs Svilic da mSobelic, orive 

erTsulovnad. orive gasaocaria aseTi 

vaJkacuri saqcielis gamo. aq arian aseve 

mikeebi, TmaSi keTilsurnelebis mfrqvevelni, 

da keseelTa razmebi da, arimaspi, 

udananaulo, umecari liTonisa, romelsac 

jer ar gagiTxria Seni miwebi, da 

avxati, daxelovnebuli mfrinavi bagiris 

Sors wriulad tyorcnaSi, romlis yulfi 

yvelaze ukidures razmsac ki swvdeba. 

ar davdumdebi arc Tirsagetze, romelic 

sisxlian omebSi timpanons daatarebs, 

zurgze mogdebuli aqvs mofriale 

tyavi da xelT upyria yvavilebiT gar- 

Semownuli amwvanebuli maxvili. arsebobs 

Tqmuleba, rom bakxusma, iupiteris 

da kadmusis sisxliT naTesavma, am razmis 

sardlobiT keTilsurnelovani sabeelebi, 

maTi bednieri samefo da arabebic, 

252

Exomatas venatus alit nec clarior ullis 

Arctos equis. abeunt Hypanin fragilemque per undam 

tigridis aut saevae profugi cum prole leaenae 

maestaque suspectae mater stupet aggere ripae. 

impulit et dubios Phrixei velleris ardor 

Centoras et diros magico terrore Choatras. 

omnibus in superos saevus honor, omnibus artes 

monstrificae, nunc vere novo compescere frondes, 

nunc subitam trepidis Maeotin solvere plaustris. 

maximus hos inter Stygia venit arte Coastes. 

sollicitat nec Martis amor, sed fama Cytaeae 

virginis et paribus spirans Medea venenis. 

gaudet Averna palus, gaudet iam nocte quieta 

portitor et tuto veniens Latonia caelo. 

ibant et geminis aequantes cornibus alas 

Balloniti comitumque celer mutator equorum 

Moesus et ingentis frenator Sarmata conti. 

nec tot ab extremo fluctus agit aequore nec sic 

fratribus adversa Boreas respondet ab unda 

aut is apud fluvios volucrum canor, aethera quantus 

tunc lituum concentus adit lymphataque miscet 

milia, quot foliis, quot floribus incipit annus. 

VI, 322-342 

illum ubi congressu subiit Gesander iniquo 

territat his: 'tu qui faciles hominumque putasti 

has, Argive, domos, alium hic miser aspicis annum 

altricemque nivem festinaque taedia vitae. 

non nos aut levibus componere bracchia remis 

Semdeg ki, roca hebrusis wyalze gadadioda, 

miatova Tirsagetebi yinulovan 

CrdiloeTSi. maT axlac ki SemorCenili 

aqvT winaparTa cxovrebis wesi: spilenZis 

sakravze wminda dartymebi da 

fleita, mTxrobeli aRmosavluri brZolis 

Sesaxeb. Tavis saomar Zalas urTavs 

emoda; TavianT almebs mohyvebian eqsomatebi, 

torinebi da qeraTmiani satarxebi. 

torinebi Tafls sdeben pativs, satarxebi 

mdidarni arian sawveleliT, 

eqsomatebs ki nadiroba asazrdoebs 

CrdiloeTSi ar arsebobs maTze ufro 

gamorCeuli cxenebi. gadaiqroleben hipanisis 

myife yinuliT dafarul wyalze, 

iltvian vefxvis an mrisxane Zu lomis 

naSierebiT da naRvliani deda SeSdeba 

saeWvo napiris beqobze. friqsusis sawmisis 

wadilma aRazeva arasaimedo kentorebi 

da grZneulebiT SiSismomgvreli 

xoaTrebi. isini yvelani uzenaes Zalebs 

gaSmagebiT scemen Tayvans, yvela gasaocar 

xelobas flobs: ZaluZT SeaCeron 

gazafxulis dadgomisas amwvaneba, xan 

uecrad daadnon meotisi mtokavi etlebisaTvis. 

maT Soris yvelaze aRmatebuli 

stigeuri xelovnebiT moemarTeba koastesi. 

mas aqezebs ara omis siyvaruli, aramed 

saxeli kiteeli qalwulisa, msgavsi 

SxamebiT suldgmuli medeasi. xarobs avernusis 

Waobi, mSvidi Ramis gamo xarobs 

qaroni da latonia, romelic usafrTxo 

caze micuravs. movidnen balonitebi, aTanabrebdnen 

sabrZolo rigebs orive flangze 

da mesieli, romelic Tanmxleb cxenebs 

swrafad icvlis da sarmati, uzarmazari 

Subis mtyorcneli. arc amden nakads 

aRazevebs boreasi ukiduresi zRvis napirebidan, 

arc ase exmianeba Zmebs sapirispiro 

talRis zvirTebidan, arc frinvel- 

Ta aseTi xmauri amtydara mdinareebTan, 

rogorc iq sayvirTa erTxmovaneba cas 

swvdeboda da aRagznebda gondabindul 

aTasebs imdens, ramdeni foToli, ramde- 

ni yvavilic icis gazafxulze. 

VI, 322-342 

roca gesanderi uTanasworo brZolaSi 

kanTuss SeeCexa, SiSs hgvris aseTi sityvebiT: 

`Sen, argivelo, romelmac es sacxovrisebi 

myudrod da adamianurad mii- 

Cnie, xedav aq, sabralov, gansxvavebul 

JamTa cvlas, masazrdovebel Tovls da 

sicocxlis droul ugulebelyofas. arc 

253

novimus aut ventos opus exspectare ferentes: 

imus equis qua vel medio riget aequore pontus 

vel tumida fremit Hister aqua. nec moenia nobis 

vestra placent: feror Arctois nunc liber in arvis 

cuncta tenens; mecum omnis amor iacturaque plaustri 

sola nec hac longum victor potiere rapina. 

ast epulae quodcumque pecus, quaecumque ferarum. 

mitte Asiae, mitte Argolicis mandata colonis, 

ne trepident. numquam has hiemes, haec saxa 

relinquam, 

Martis agros, ubi tam saevo duravimus amne 

progeniem natosque rudes, ubi copia leti 

tanta viris. sic in patriis bellare pruinis 

praedarique iuvat talemque hanc accipe dextram!' 

dixit et Edonis nutritum missile ventis 

concitat. it medium per pectus et horrida nexu 

letifer aera chalybs . . . 

VII, 186-192. 

…volucrem tunc aspicit Irin 

festinamque iubet monitis parere Diones 

et iuvenem Aesonium praedicto sistere luco. 

protinus hinc Iris Minyas, Cytherea petivit 

Colchida, Caucaseis speculatrix Iuno resedit 

rupibus attonitos Aeaea in moenia vultus 

speque metuque tenens et adhuc ignara futuri. 

VII, 349-370 

rursus ad Haemonii iuvenis curamque metumque 

vertitur, hunc solum propter seu vivere gaudens 

sive mori, quodcumque velit. maiora precatur 

carmina, maiores Hecaten immittere vires 

nunc sibi, nec notis stabat contenta venenis. 

cingitur inde sinus et, qua sibi fida magis vis 

nulla, Prometheae florem de sanguine fibrae 

Caucaseum promit nutritaque gramina monti, 

quae sacer ille nives inter tristesque pruinas 

durat alitque cruor cum viscere vultur adeso 

tollitur e scopulis et rostro inrorat aperto. 

mCate niCbebze xelebis dawyoba gvexerxeba, 

da arc zurgqaris lodini gvWirdeba. 

cxenebs davaqrolebT zRvis gayinul SuagulSi 

an iq, sadac istrusi wyals aCuxCuxebs. 

ar vwyalobT Tqveni qalaqis kedlebs: 

axla Tavisuflad davqrivar CrdiloeTis 

zegnebze. yvelaferi maqvs da 

yovelives Tan davatareb; SesaZloa mxolod 

etli davkargo da am nadavlsac didi 

xniT ver daisakuTreb rogorc gamarjvebuli. 

sazrdo ki Cveni aris yovelgvari 

pirutyvi Tu nadiri gaugzavne aziis, 

gaugzavne argolidis mcxovrebT gankarguleba, 

rom SiSi nu eqnebaT: arasodes 

davtoveb me am yinvebs, am kldeebs, marsis 

velebs, sadac aseT Smag mdinareSi 

Cveni STamomavloba da axalSobilebi 

gamovawrTeT, sadac amdengvaria sikvdili 

kacTaTvis. mSobliur yinvaSi omic da 

nadavlis mopovebac tkbilia da gamoscade 

es marjvenac” – Tqva da gauqana edonuri 

qarebiT nasazrdoebi oroli. Sig 

gulmkerdSi moxvda sasikvdilo rkina da 

gaglija mtkiced Sekruli abjari... 

VII, 186-192. 

... maSin xedavs frTosan iriss da avalebs, 

saswrafod diones Segonebas damorCildes 

da esonidi ymawvili Sepirebul 

WalaSi miiyvanos. myisve iswrafa 

irisma miniebTan, kiTerea ki kolx qalwulTan 

gaeSura, iuno mWvreteli kavkasusis 

kldeebze dabrZanebula, daJinebuli 

mzera miupyria eas kedlebisaken, imediTa 

da SiSiT, ara uwyoda, Tu ra 

moxdeboda. 

VII, 349-370 

. . . es Tqva man da kvlav miubrundeba 

hemoniel ymawvils zrunviTa da SiSiT, 

aRsavse sixaruliT, rom igi mxolod misTvis 

icxovrebs an Tavs gaswiravs, rasac 

igi moisurvebs. hekates sTxovs, rom Zlieri 

jadosnuri Selocvebi, didi Zalebi 

aRazevos exla masSi da igi idga iq, 

ukmayofilo misi cnobili SxamebiT. Semdeg 

welze qamars ikravs da iRebs kavkasiur 

yvavils, promeTes RviZlis sisxlisagan 

aRmocenebuls, amaze saimedo Zala 

mas sxva araferi eguleba. Semdgom balaxebs, 

qarTagan nasazrdoebs, romelTac 

wminda sisxli Tovlsa da susxian yinvaSi 

awrTobs da kvebavs, roca Zera STanTqavs 

ra Signeuls, myis frialo kldeebi- 

254

idem nec longi languescit finibus aevi 

immortale virens, idem stat fulmina contra 

salvus et in mediis florescunt ignibus herbae. 

prima Hecate Stygiis duratam fontibus harpen 

intulit et validas scopulis effodit aristas, 

mox famulae monstrata seges, quae lampade Phoebes 

sub decima iuga feta metit saevitque per omnes 

reliquias saniemque dei. gemit inritus ille 

Colchidos ora tuens. totos tunc contrahit artus 

monte dolor cunctaeque tremunt sub falce catenae. 

VIII, 202-211 

Puppe procul summa vigilis post terga magistri 

haeserat auratae genibus Medea Minervae 

atque ibi deiecta residens in lumina palla 

flebat adhuc, quamquam Haemoniis cum regibus iret 

sola tamen nec coniugii secura futuri. 

illam Sarmatici miserantur litora ponti, 

illa Thoanteae transit defleta Dianae, 

nulla palus, nullus Scythiae non maeret euntem 

amnis. Hyperboreas movit conspecta pruinas 

tot modo regna tenens . . . 

VIII, 217-219 

Insula Sarmaticae Peuce stat nomine nymphae 

torvus ubi et ripa semper metuendus utraque 

in freta per saevos Hister descendit alumnus . . . 

dan maRla aiWreba da gaRebuli niskartidan 

namavs maT. am yvavils JamTa cvla 

ver aWknobs, maradmwvanea, verafers aklebs 

uamindoba, misi foTlebi Sig cecxl- 

Sic ki xaroben. pirvelad hekatem moitana 

stigiis wyaroebSi gamowrTobili namgali 

da gaTiba Zlieri TavTavebi cicabo 

kldeebze, maleve uCvena samkali mxeval 

qals, romelic febes meaTe lampris 

Suqze nayofier ferdobebs Tibavs da 

mrisxanebs RmerTis narCenebisa da bal- 

Ramis gamo. gminavs is amaod, kolxi qalis 

saxis danaxvaze. kldeze mijaWvuls 

tkivili mTels sxeulSi uvlis da mTeli 

jaWvi erTianad zanzarebs namglis moqne- 

vaze. 

VIII, 202-211 

. . . Sors, sruliad maRla kiCoze, 

fxizeli mesaWis zurgs ukan ganrTxmula 

medea mooqrovil minervas muxlebTan da 

iq mjdomare Tvalebze mosasxamafarebuli, 

kvlav tiroda, Tumca hemoniel mefeebTan 

erTad miemgzavreboda, mainc martosuli 

iyo, arc momavali qorwineba eimedeboda. 

igi ecodebaT sarmatiis zRvis 

napirebs, Cauvlis Toantur dianas, mas 

rom dastiris, yoveli Waobi, skviTiis 

yvela mdinare dardobs gzakval abneulze. 

hiperboreis Tovlic ki SeiZra misi 

Semyure, vinc sul axlaxan amxela samefos 

flobda. 

VIII, 217-219 

dgas kunZuli pevke, sarmatiis nimfis saxeliT 

wodebuli, sadac mquxare da maradJams 

SiSismomgvreli istrusi orive 

napirze daudgromeli nakadebiT zRvaSi 

Caedineba... 

255

Absyrtus 5.457; 6.171, 517; 8.261, 369 

*Acastus 1.164; -um 1.153, 485; -i 1.709, 

6.720; -o 1.695 

Acesinus 6.69 

*Achaemenius 6. 65 

Achaeus 6.46 

Aea (a) nympha: -an 5. 424 (b) terra: 1. 

742, 5.51, 6.96 

Aeaeus: 1.451, 5.277, 547, 620; 6.189; 

7.119, 191, 281 

Aeetes 1.43; 3.495; 5.285, 553, 589, 599; 

6.13; 7.640; 8.138; -a 7.89; 8.11, 350. -en 

2.379; 5.317, 393, 685; -ae 4.14; 6.22; -ae 

5.289, 401 

Aeetis 6.481, 7.445, 8.233 

Aeetius 6.267, 542, 691; 7.565; 8.379 

Alani -os 6.42, -is 6.656 

Alazon -ona 6.101 

Albanus 3.497; 5.258, 459; 6.44, 194, 8.153 

(subst.) 6.271 (Styrus) 

Amastrus 6.554 cf. Ciz. 3.145 

Amazon 5.89 Amazonis: -idum 4.602 

Ambenus (mons) 6. 85 (Scytha) 6.251 

Anausis 6.43, 266; -in 6.272 

Ancon 4.600 

Anguis 6.40 

Anxur 6.68 

Apres -em 6.638 (-en?) 

Aquites 6.295 

*Arabes -as 6.139 

Arctos 6.147; -on 4.210, 5.272; -o 1.419, 

5.317, 6.140; -os 3.359; 5.46, 155; 6.40, 

612 

Arctous 3.499; 5.619; 6.295, 330 

Argus Phrixi filius 5.460, 6.553 

Ariasmenus 6.387, 394, 423; -e 6.103 

Arimaspus 6.131 

Arines -en 6.638 

Armenia: -ae 5.166 

Armis 6.530 

Aron 5.590; 6.524, 536 

*Arsinoe 5.421 

Asia: -am 1.542, 554; 2.614; 4.728; 7.43; 

8.396: -ae 4.210: -ae 6.334 

Auchates 6.132 

Auchus 6.60; -i 6.619 

Balloniti 6.161 

Barisas: -anta 6.557 

Batarnae: -as 6.96 

Bisaltae 6.48 

Byces: -en 6.68 

Index nominum 

Byzeres 5.152 

Caicus: -e 6.688; -o 6.688 

* Calais 3.692, 4.465, 6.557 

Callichorus 5.75 

Campesus 5.593, 6.243 

*Canthus 1.166, 451; 7.422 -e 6.317, 346; -um 6.364, 

368 bis: -i 3.192; 6.350 

Carambis 5.107 

Caresus 6.192 

Carmeius 5.582 

Caspius (a) Scytha 6.189, (b) adj. 5.124 

*Castor 

Caucaseus 4.63, 72; 5.253, 381; 7.190, 357, 565 

Caucasus (a) Colchus 6.641 (b) mons 5.155, 161, 

518; 6.612; 7.55 

Celaeneus 3. 406 

Centores: -as 6.151 

Ceramnus: -i 6.550 

Cessaeus 6.130 

Chalciope: -en 6.479: -es 7.156 

Chalybes: -um 4.611, 5.141 

Choaspes: -en 5.584 

Choatrae: -as 6.151 

Cimmerius 6.61 (subst.) -ium (gen. pl.) 3.399 

Circaeus 5.327, 6.426, 7.544 

Circe 6.445: -e (voc.) 7.217, 347: -en 7.120, 212 

Ciris 6.80 (Cyris edd.) 

Coastes 6.155 (Choastes?) 

Colaxes 6.48, 621, 646 

Colchi 3.698; 4.706; 5.440; 6.190, 241: -i (voc.) 

8.264: -os 1.66, 201, 327, 391, 743; 3.82; 4.618; 

5.178, 283, 420; 6.30. 389, 530, 691; 7. 231; 8.313: - 

orum 6.417: -is 3.6812; 5.451, 633; 6.742; 8. 156, 

320, 326: -is 5. 50 

Colchis (a) Medea 5.349; 7.181, 389, 584, 596; 8.68, 

70, 83, 338: -ida 6.468; 7.153, 190, 575; 8.2: -idos 

7.369, 625 (b) terra: -ida 1.52, 5.505, (8.161): -idos 

2.423, 5.202 (c) adi: -idos 5.417: -des 8.142 

Coralli 6.89 

Cremedon: -onis 6.194 

Cyrnus: -e 6.297 

Cytaeus (a) adj. 6.156, 543, 595, 693 (b) subst. -i 

6.427: -is 5.466 

Cytisorus 5.462 

Cytoros : -on 5.105 

Daraps 6.66, 572 

Datis: -in 6.65 

*Deileon: -onta 5.114 

Dipsas: -anta 6.192 

Drangeus 6.106, -ius 6.507 

256

Edonus 6.340 

Emoda 6.143 

Evarchus 6.102 

Euryale: -en 5.612: -es 6.370 

* Eurytus 3.99, 471; 6.569: -e 1.439 

Exomatae 6.144: -as 6.146, 569 

Gangaridae: -um 6.67 Gargara 2.360, 583 

Gelas: -ae 6.208 

Gelonus: -o 7.236: -i 6.512 

Gerus 6.67 

Gesander 6.303, 322, 365: -rum 6.280, 371 

Gessithous: um 6.637 

Getae 5.603, 6.507: -is 5.418 

Geticus 2.204, 232; 5.618; 6.619; 7.645 

Halys flumen 5.112, 120 

Harpe: -en 6.375 

Hebrus (a) flumen: -um 7.646: -i 2.515, 

4.463, 6.139: -o 8.228 (b) Cyzicenus: -o 

3.149 (c) Scytha: -um 6.618 

Helice 1.18: -en 5.71 

Helix 6.570 

Helle 

Henioche 5.357 

Heniochi: -os 6.43 

* Hercules 

Hiber 5.166, 559; 6.507, 750, -o 7.235 

Hiberia 5.604, 6.120 

Hiberus 2.34, 3.730 

Hister 6.329; 8.219, 256: -ri 4.718, 8.185 

Hora: ae 6.58 

Hylaeus 6.74 

Hypanis (a) flumen 4.710 (b) Colchus: -in 

6.252 

Hyperboreus 8.210 

Hyperionides: -e 5.471 

Hyperionius 2.34 

Hypetaon: -ona 6.637 

Hyrcanus 3.494; 6.79, 114, 203 

Iapetus 4.74: -i 1.564 

*Iason 

Iaxartes: -en 5.596 

Iazyges 6.122: -as 6.281 

*Idas 

Idasmenus 6.196 

*Idmon 

Indi 6.117 

*Io 

* Iphis 

Iron (a) Cyzicenus 3.111 (b) Scytha 6.201 

Issedonius 6.750 

* Lacon 

*Lageus 6.118 

Latagus: -um 5.584, 6.572 

Latris 6.121 

Lexanor: -oris 6.686 

Lyce: -en 6.374 

Macrones: 5.151 

Maeotis 6.565 (nympha): -in 6.38 

Maeotius 4.720, 6.38 

Massagetes: -en 5.125 

Medores 6.211 

Medus 5.604: -um 5.125 

* Melas 

*Meleager 

Menippe 6.377 

Menoetius 6.343 

Moesus adj. 2.360 (b) subst 6.162 

Moneses: -en 6.189 

Monesus: -in 6.651 

Mossynoeci 5.151 

Mycaei 6.129 

Myrace: -en 6.50 

Myraces 6.690, 717 

* Nestor 

Neurus 6.122 

Novas 6.100 

Ocheus 6.200 

Ocreus 6.251 

Odrussa 5.594 

* Oebalius 

Oebasus 

*Oenides 

Olbus 6.638 

Oncheus 6.256 

Ophiusa 6.85 

Otaces 6.121 

Otaxes 6.529 

* Panchaia 6.119 

Phasiades: -en 6.640 

*Parthi 6.891 

Perseis 7.238 

Perseius 5.581, 6.495 

Perses 3.493, 502; 5.266, 271, 284; 6.15, 26, 34, 75, 

725, 741: -e 6.605: -en 5.529, 634, 678; 6.30 

Peuce (a) nympha: -en 8.256 (b) insula 8.217: -en 

8.293: -ae 8.376 

Peucon 6.564 

Phaethon (a) Sol 3.213 (b) Solis filius: -onta 5.429 

Phalces 6.88: -en 6.244, 554 

Phalerus: -e 1.398: -i 4.654, 6.217 

Phasiades 6.640 

257

Phrixeus 1.391; 2.585; 5.632; 6.150; 8.75, 

119, 267 

Phrixus 6. 70 

Phrontis 5.480 

*Pollux 

Ponticus 1.800 

Pontus 4.723: -um 2.629: -i 1.716; 4.318, 

561, 590, 712; 5.165 

Prion 6.619 

Prometheus (a) subst. 5.154 (b) adi. 7.356 

Phasis (a) numen fluminis 5.425 (b) flumen 

ipsum 1.518, 2.597; 4.545; 5.51, 179: -i 

5.205, 208: -in 1.43, 87; 2.379; 7.220: -idis 

1.2, 78; 3.306, 501, 662; 4.616, 706; 5.342, 

420, 440; 6.295, 319, 641, 643; 7.564: -ide 

5.299 

Rhadalus 6.69 

Rambelus 6.529 

Rhipeus 2.516; 5.558, 602; 6.33, 119; 7.562 

Rhyndacus (a) flumen: -e 3.35 (b) Scytha: - 

e 6.220 

Rhipeus: -ae 6.558 

Sabaei: -os 6.138 

Sabaeus 6.709 

Sarmata 6.162 

Sarmaticus 2.176; 5.423; 6.231; 8.207, 217 

Satarches: -en 6.145: -ae 6.144 

Sauromatae 7.235 

Scythia: -am 1.43, 87; 6.34, 428, 728: -ae 

1.745; 4.617; 5.525; 6.7, 115, 350, 647 bis; 

7.424; 8.209 

Scythicus 1.2, 58, 331, 345, 442, 503, 716; 

2.379, 574, 595, 648; 3.307, 496, 617, 653; 

4.9, 728; 5.224, 325, 516; 6.49, 319; 7.42; 

8.185 

Scythis: -idum 5.342 

* Sesostris 5.417 

* Sestos 1.285: -on 5.201 

Sibotes 6.249 

Sidon 6.69 

Sidonicus 6.95 

Sindi 6.86 

Sinope 5.109: -es 5.108 

Sol 1.504, 3.401, 4.92: (voc.) 8.350: -is 1.44; 3.730; 

5.224, 581; 6.442, 518; 8.282, 460: -e 5.263, 456,567 

Soligena: -am 5.317: -ae 5.223 

Strymon: -ona 6.193 

Stygius 1.730, 781; 2.106, 173, 601; 3.398, 446, 450; 

6.155; 7.364; 8.87 

Styrus 3.497; 5.459; 6.266; 8.299, 329: -e 6.275: -i 

8.335 

Suetes: -en 6.550 

Sydon 6.69 

Syenes: -en 6.74, 703 

Tages 6.223 

Talaus 1.358: -um 3.478, 5.366, 6.720: -i 3.471 

Tanais 4.719: -i 1.538 

Taras 6.102 

Tartareus 

Taulas: -antis 6.221 

Taxes 6.252 

*Telamon 

Teutagonus: -o 6.97 

Thermodon 4.601, 5.121 

Thoe: -en 6.375 

Thydrus: -um 6.639 

Thyrsagetes: -en 6.135: -as 6.140 

Tibareni: -um 5.147 

Tibisenus 6.50 

Titan (a) Sol 2.37, 57 (b) Prometheus 5.169: -ana 

4.79 

Titanis: -ida 7.212 

Titanius 4.91, 5.563, 6.79, 7.347 (b) 5.156, 7.449 

Toryni 6.144: -is 6.145 

Tyra 6.84: -es 4.719 

Tyres 6.201 

Vanus 6.115 

*Venus 

Voraptus: -e 6.288 

Zacorus: -um 6.554 

Zetes (a) Argonauta 1.469; 4.465, 466 (b) 

258

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti ...

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