spildevandet på landet - Centre for Environmental Studies - Aarhus ...

7.5 KRAV OM FORBEDRET RENSNING AF SPILDEVAND FRA SPREDT BEBYGGELSE ........................................ 35
7.5.1 Kortlægning af udledninger .......................................................................................................... 35
7.5.2 Vurdering af rensebehov ............................................................................................................... 35
7.5.3 Renseklasser.................................................................................................................................. 35
7.5.4 Vurdering af anvendelig teknik ..................................................................................................... 36
7.5.5 Udstedelse af påbud om forbedret spildevandsrensning............................................................... 37
7.5.6 Tilslutning til kommunal kloakforsyning....................................................................................... 37
7.5.7 Vandområdeopland bør behandles som helhed ............................................................................ 38
7.6 ØKONOMISKE FORHOLD......................................................................................................................... 38
7.6.1 Berørte ejendomme ....................................................................................................................... 38
7.6.2 Den kommunale kloakforsyning .................................................................................................... 40
8 EU’S VANDRAMMEDIREKTIV............................................................................................................. 40
8.1 BAGGRUND............................................................................................................................................ 41
8.2 VANDRAMMEDIREKTIVET OG DANSK MILJØADMINISTRATION ............................................................... 42
9 RENSNING AF SPILDEVAND ................................................................................................................ 44
9.1 GENERELT.............................................................................................................................................. 44
9.2 MEKANISK RENSNING ............................................................................................................................ 45
9.3 BIOLOGISK RENSNING ............................................................................................................................ 45
9.3.1 Fjernelse af organisk materiale .................................................................................................... 46
9.3.2 Omdannelse af kvælstof................................................................................................................. 46
9.3.3 Fosforfjernelse .............................................................................................................................. 48
9.4 KEMISK RENSNING................................................................................................................................. 48
9.5 SLAMHÅNDTERING ................................................................................................................................48
10 ANLÆG................................................................................................................................................... 49
10.1 BUNDFÆLDNINGSTANKEN ..................................................................................................................... 49
10.2 NEDSIVNINGSANLÆG............................................................................................................................. 50
10.3 BIOLOGISKE SANDFILTRE....................................................................................................................... 52
10.4 RODZONEANLÆG ................................................................................................................................... 53
10.4.1 Horisontalt flow ............................................................................................................................ 53
10.4.2 Vertikalt flow................................................................................................................................. 54
10.5 PILEANLÆG............................................................................................................................................ 55
10.6 MINIRENSEANLÆG................................................................................................................................. 56
10.6.1 NEW LINE Minirenseanlæg fra Faaborg Værft ........................................................................... 57
11 RECIPIENTTYPER OG KRAV TIL FORBEDRET RENSNING.................................................... 59
12 STATUS FOR FORBEDRET SPILDEVANDSRENSNING I DET ÅBNE LAND .......................... 61
12.1 EFFEKTER I VANDMILJØET AF FORBEDRET SPILDEVANDSRENSNING I DET ÅBNE LAND ......................... 62
13 SAMFUNDSØKONOMISKE MILJØASPEKTER............................................................................. 63
14 RENSNING AF HUSSPILDEVAND FRA SPREDT BEBYGGELSE I U-LANDE......................... 68
15 KONKLUSION ....................................................................................................................................... 73
16 LITTERATURLISTE............................................................................................................................. 75
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