Den Lille Onkolog Onkologisk afdeling Odense ... - Kemoland

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3.8 Gynækologisk Onkologi ................................................................................................ 93
3.8.1 Ovariecancer............................................................................................................ 93
3.8.2 Corpus utericancer .................................................................................................. 95
3.8.3 Cervix utericancer ................................................................................................... 96
3.8.4 Vaginalcancer.......................................................................................................... 99
3.8.5 Vulvacancer........................................................................................................... 100
3.9 CNS-tumorer ................................................................................................................ 100
3.10 Hæmatologi ................................................................................................................ 104
3.10.1 Akut myeloid leukæmi (AML) ........................................................................... 104
3.10.2 Myelodysplastiske syndromer (MDS) ................................................................ 107
3.10.3 Kronisk myeloid leukæmi (CML)....................................................................... 108
3.10.4 Myelofibrose ....................................................................................................... 109
3.10.5 Polycythaemia vera ............................................................................................. 110
3.10.6 Akut lymfatisk leukæmi (ALL)........................................................................... 110
3.10.7 Kronisk lymfatisk leukæmi (CLL)...................................................................... 111
3.10.8 Hodgkin's sygdom............................................................................................... 114
3.10.9 Lymphoma malignum non-Hodgkin (NHL) ....................................................... 115
3.10.10 Myelomatose ..................................................................................................... 118
3.11 Maligne sygdomme hos børn ..................................................................................... 120
3.12 Metastase fra ukendt primærtumor ............................................................................ 121
4. BEHANDLING.................................................................................................................. 124
4.1 Palliativ behandling...................................................................................................... 124
4.2 Strålebehandling........................................................................................................... 125
4.2.1 Standardfelter og standarddoser............................................................................ 125
4.2.2 Bivirkninger og komplikationer ved strålebehandling.......................................... 132
4.2.3 Organspecifikke strålebivirkninger....................................................................... 135
4.3 Cytostatika.................................................................................................................... 141
4.3.1 Alfabetisk gennemgang af de enkelte cytostatika................................................. 141
4.4 Understøttende behandling........................................................................................... 165
4.4.1 Kvalme/opkastning................................................................................................ 165
4.4.2 Smertebehandling ved cancersygdomme .............................................................. 169
4.4.3 Hormonel substitutionsbehandling........................................................................ 174
4.4.4 Parenteral ernæring ............................................................................................... 176
4.4.5 Behandling af infektioner hos patienter med granulocytopeni ............................. 176
eller anden sværere immundefekt .................................................................................. 176
4.4.6 Antikoagulationsbehandling ved dyb venetrombose ............................................ 180
4.4.7 Forholdsregler ved splenektomi............................................................................ 181
5. AKUTTE ONKOLOGISKE OG HÆMATOLOGISKE TILSTANDE ............................ 183
5.1 Hypercalcæmi ved maligne lidelser ............................................................................. 183
5.2 Hyponatriæmi............................................................................................................... 184
5.3 Vena Cava Superior Syndrom...................................................................................... 185
5.4 Perikardiel tamponade.................................................................................................. 185
5.5 Behandlingsinduceret hjerteinsufficiens (anthracykliner) ........................................... 186
5.6 Hjernemetastaser .......................................................................................................... 186
5.7 Meningeal karcinomatose ............................................................................................ 187
5.8 Medullært spinalt tværsnitssyndrom............................................................................ 188
5.9 Behandling af kramper................................................................................................. 189
Den lille Onkolog, Odense 2003