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Guidelines for Military Mass Casualty Decontamination Operations During a Domestic HAZMAT/Weapon of Mass Destruction Incident the nuclear detonation, height of burst and other factors, these zones can measure several miles in distance. Depending on terrain and structures, there will typically not be distinct boundaries between the damage zones. • No-Go Zone. Has the most damage to infrastructure, which will most likely be completely destroyed. The radiation level is very high and it is unlikely that any casualties will survive in this zone. However, people in substructures such as subterranean parking garages or subway tunnels may survive the initial blast. • Moderate Damage Zone. Has significant building damage and rubble, downed utility poles, overturned vehicles, and fires. Radiation levels in this zone are expected to be elevated and may be very high in some areas, but this is the zone has the greatest lifesaving potential. Casualties will come from this zone and will have thermal, blast, and radiation injuries. Most of the injured will require help and/or extraction to receive decontamination and treatment. • Light Damage Zone. Buildings typically will have broken windows with light damage to other infrastructure. A majority of the casualties will be ambulatory and can self-evacuate for decontamination and treatment. Radiation levels in this zone maybe slightly elevated from normal background levels. • Dangerous Fallout Zone. The area covered by fallout that impacts responder life-saving operations and/or has acute radiation injury potential to the population. This area is not identified by structural or other damage—it is based on fallout radiation levels. Typically this zone will consist of radiation levels of 10 Roentgen per hour or higher. Depending on various parameters (wind, atmosphere, and/or geographic terrain), this zone could extend 20 plus miles from the point of detonation and can include parts of the no-go, moderate damage and light damage zones. Existence of radiation beyond this zone may still require some sort of protective action. Regarding a nuclear detonation, the most effective life-saving opportunities for response officials in the fist 60 minutes will be the decision to safely shelter or evacuate people in expected fallout areas. 56 8.1.2. Identify and Rule Out Contaminants INTENT: Determine the contaminant to the best extent possible. Determine appropriate levels of PPE based upon the type of hazard identified. Knowing what agent that contaminated the casualties allows the Incident Commander to establish 1) the level of IPE/PPE to be worn by responders during response operations, 2) to determine MCD decontamination processes to be used, and 3) modify the MCD processes as appropriate as the incident response progresses. For example, in the case of oily agents like VX or MCD Principles for Identifying Contaminants DHS UTL Tasks • ResB1b 7.4.3, 7.5.1, and 7.5.2 • ResB2b 5.5, 5.5.1.1, 5.5.1.3, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, and 5.5.4 USACBRNS Tasks • 03-1-6592 Step 7 • 03-2-6591 Steps 2a, 3c, 3f, 6, 8d • 03-2-6594 Step 3c • 03-3-0038 • 03-3-5127 Steps 1f, 4d, and 15 • 03-3-5128 Steps 4d and 6 • 03-3-5130 Step 7f 34 Original
Guidelines for Military Mass Casualty Decontamination Operations During a Domestic HAZMAT/Weapon of Mass Destruction Incident HD, casualties should not rub their skin with their hands without the use of soap. Doing so only causes further spread of contamination across the skin since the agent is not rinsed away by plain water. A plan for the initial entry and exit of qualified and medically screened personnel includes the use of detection equipment specific to the possible agents. 47 Use multiple detectors that use different detection technologies to increase the likelihood of accurate and rapid identification of the agent. After equipment is checked for functionality and a team briefing has occurred, the entry team begins the survey procedures. Continuous hazard monitoring must be conducted to detect hazards present in the area. Surveying for the presence of such agents must always be performed by personnel wearing appropriate PPE. 15 Regardless of the type of hazard, document the location and types of hazards present, the area layout, and the position and condition of any casualties. These observations may be recorded by still photograph or video means. Upon exiting the area, entry team members should go immediately through the technical decontamination line. Then they should be medically monitored and debriefed for any pertinent observations. Document these findings in a situation map sketch and report to higher and adjacent commands using the CBRN Warning and Reporting System. 2 The type PPE that is worn by responders while extracting casualties is selected based on the outcome of the survey and monitoring report (CBRN4). 15,57 Types and functionality of PPE are discussed in Section 6.3. A list of reference materials and tools that can be used in the interpretation of surveillance data is provided in Section 6.2, Appendix D, and Appendix E. 8.1.3. MCD Corridor Site Selection INTENT: Determine the location where decontamination operations will take place. Typically, the MCD corridor is established at the start of the hot zone and goes through the warm zone. It terminates at the start of the cold zone. This corridor contains all decontamination operations in response to a mass casualty incident. The purpose for a decontamination corridor is to limit cross-contamination and increase the throughput of casualties through decontamination. Generally, there is no contamination in the decontamination corridor until causalities and/or responders enter it. The decontamination corridor should slope towards the hot zone and with the equipment being set up on a non-porous surface. The width of the corridor depends on what type of decontamination equipment is being used. This corridor may expand and contract as response operations move forward. MCD Principles for Site Selection and Corridor Set Up DHS UTL Tasks • ResB2b 8.1, 8.2, 8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.3, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.3.3, 8.4, 8.4.1, 8.4.2, 8.4.3, 8.4.4, 8.4.5, 8.4.6, 8.5, and 8.5.1 USACBRNS Tasks • 03-2-5124 Steps 2 and 2a Original 35 Table of Contents Introduction MCD Equipment Comparison Decontamination Overview MCD Operations Summary Appendix A References Appendix B Acronym List Appendix C Glossary Appendix D MCD Cross- Reference Guide Appendix E CBR Guide Appendix F MCD Decision Trees Appendix G ARNORTH Guidance
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Guidelines for Military Mass Casual
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Systems List Guidelines for Militar
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Sub-Systems List Guidelines for Mil
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Establish a Platoon Command Post Gu
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