.'--rr/i Jti4aizl:rt r", rN. ",,.,..1." rt.-.,- :. i Q. ,,.. . a,, ..". r.,,.t".:*f,.1. ,- . \,,..,i. rn|r rsr., .r..,...,..r,.rri!,.!:.r.r,.-r...!.i....,i.{..,..,r'.,...,..,i.,,,,.,. .......,...,,i..-..,....i.......,i.....r.r,,.,-.,,,,....*:..r,"..,.,..,;".......,.,,,.,:.::,.1..t..:1..l-j.:.1:;'" ,1 .' I ;tLJf,t ,'tili, iat f ., rri ?;t t,!i, a it ttr J N-at$.\t.*^ ,t an l:lLllJlL l.tatE "t :j,. nnpabe ?r rirnr o/ r/( Iii.unn. r;?q.d.r];.4,, ri I : .
42 CRA?IIICAI ?RACTICE Thc ncxt timc-space graphic, drawn by a computer, displays the levels ofthrcc air pollurants locaed over a twedimensionll surface (six countics ir southern Califomia) at four rimes during the day. Nitrogen oxides (top row) arc emitted by power plants, refneries, and vehicles. Refineries along the coast and Kaiscr Stceli Fonuna plant produce dre posr-midnight peaks shown in the first pancl; trafic and power plane (with rheir ireary daytime demand) send levels up during the day. Crrbon monoxide (second row) is 1ow after nTidnight except out at the steel plant; morning tra{ic rhcn begins to generate each day's ocern ofcarbon monoxide, with the greatest concentrarion ar rhe convergence offive fieeways in downtown Los Angeles. Reactive hydrocarbons Ghird row), like nitrogcn oxides, comc from refineries after midnight and then increase with trafic during the day. Each of thc 12 time-spaccpollutant siices summarizes pollutanrs for z,4oo spatial locations (z,4oo squares five kilometers on a side). Thus z8,8oo pollurant readings are shown, except for those masked by peaks. Thc air pollution display is a snall n tiple. <strong>The</strong> same graphicrl design structure is repeated for each ofthe twelve slices or rnultiplcs. Small multiples are economical: once yiewers understand the dcsigl ofonc slice, they have immediate rcces to the dita in all the other slices. Thus, as dre eye moves ftom one slicc to the next, the constancy ofthe design allows the viewer to focus on chalrgcs in the data rather than on changes in graphical design. NITBOGEN OXIDES CAFBON MONOXIDE Las Anqels Tin$, lrly 22, 1979i b^ed on wor! of cregorr J. Mcxae, Califomia La*nuie of TechDologr.
- Page 1 and 2: Efiaard R.Tkfte The Visual Display
- Page 3 and 4: Contents PART I GRAPHICAL PRACTICE
- Page 5 and 6: his studio laying out the book, pag
- Page 7 and 8: The second part ofthe book provides
- Page 9 and 10: 14 GRA?I]ICAL ?RACTICE Ard yet how
- Page 11 and 12: 16 GRA?HIcAT ?RACTICT Data Maps The
- Page 13 and 14: Trachea, bronchus, and lung caacer;
- Page 15 and 16: 20 GR,{IEICAL IRACTICE The maps rep
- Page 17 and 18: 22 GRATHlCA! PRACTICI Z"l e g t&D E
- Page 19 and 20: 24 GRA?HrCAt ?RACTICt An early and
- Page 21 and 22: 26 GRAPIIICAL ?RACTICT Computerized
- Page 23 and 24: 28 GRA?HIcAL ?RAcTIcT Tir[e-Series
- Page 25 and 26: 30 GRA?HrCAl ?RACTTCI Time+eries di
- Page 27 and 28: 32 GnA?ItrCAL PR1\CITCE The two gre
- Page 29 and 30: 34 GRA?IlIC4L ?RACTTC! Playfair's l
- Page 31 and 32: 36 GRA?HICAL ?RACTICE S* tl,e movem
- Page 33 and 34: 105 r t00 I 35r t 05t00..1 s5.r 38
- Page 35: 40 GRAPIIICAL ?AACTICT Narrative Gr
- Page 39 and 40: '-d. GRA?IIICAI PRACTICE srraieht l
- Page 41 and 42: 46 GRApETcAL ?RAcTrcr Lambert drew
- Page 43 and 44: 48 GRTTPEICAL ?RACTICB Thesc small-
- Page 45 and 46: JO GRAPEICAL PRACTICI Finally, two
- Page 47 and 48: As to the roptiery and justness of
- Page 49 and 50: J4 GRAprrrCAl !RACTTCI Hcre are sev
- Page 51 and 52: JO CRAIIIICAt PtACTTCt differently;
- Page 53 and 54: J8 cRAPIIIcAL ?RAcTIcE The magnitud
- Page 55 and 56: OO GRAPIIICAL PRACTICE Design and D
- Page 57 and 58: 62 cRA?HIcAl PRAcrrc! Dcsign variat
- Page 59 and 60: 71e Dislonr at the-Bolram are Ear+
- Page 61 and 62: 66 cRA?IIrcAr PRAcTrcr Although Pla
- Page 63 and 64: 68 cR,{?IIrcAL ?RAcTIcE Two statist
- Page 65 and 66: 70 GRA?HtC41 ?RACTTCI Many publishe
- Page 67 and 68: I t , CASSEPOSTALI DI RISPARMIO ITA
- Page 69 and 70: 125 74 GRAPHICA! !RACTICE context i
- Page 71 and 72: 76 cRA?IlrCAI- ?RACTTCT Conclusion
- Page 73: Sources of Graphical Integrity and
- Page 76 and 77: . A news director at a national tel
- Page 78 and 79: SOURCES OF INTEGRITY AND Table r sh
- Page 80 and 81: Table z caphi€l Sophntietion, Col
- Page 82 and 83: Conclusion The conditions under whi
- Page 84 and 85: Evuyone spoke of an inJotnatiofl oe
- Page 86 and 87:
92 TIIEORY OF DATA CRA?IJICS Within
- Page 88 and 89:
94 TIITORY OT D,{T,{ GNA}IIICS Most
- Page 90 and 91:
96 TgroRY OF DATA CRA?HrCS Maxibizi
- Page 92 and 93:
g8 TIIEOAY Or DArA GRA?IIrCS Redund
- Page 94 and 95:
1OO THEORY OI DATA CRA?IIICS Most d
- Page 96 and 97:
]02 TII!ORY OI DATA GRA?IiICS The d
- Page 98 and 99:
1O4 TEEORY Ol DATA GRA?HrCS The reG
- Page 100 and 101:
With sauge piawes jll then gaps And
- Page 102 and 103:
1O8 TITEORY OF DATA GRAPIiICS The e
- Page 104 and 105:
110 TIITORY OI DATA GRAP1IICS And,
- Page 106 and 107:
112 TAEONY OF DATA GRAPIIICS propor
- Page 108 and 109:
E '.r tsT 114 TIITORY OI DATA GRA?H
- Page 110 and 111:
"l!;tr*; 116 TIIXORY OF DATA CRA?II
- Page 112 and 113:
11d THEORY OF DATA GRA?HICS The add
- Page 114 and 115:
12O TIIEORY OF DATA CiA?IIICS Occas
- Page 116 and 117:
Painting is special, seyrate, a nat
- Page 118 and 119:
124 THTORY OF DATA CRAIHTCS crn be
- Page 120 and 121:
126 TIIIORY O! DATA CRA?HICS Redesi
- Page 122 and 123:
128 TFIORY O! DAIA GRAPIIICS The wh
- Page 124 and 125:
13O THTORY OF DATA CRA?HICS Redesig
- Page 126 and 127:
132 TIIIORY OI DATA GRA?IIIC5 A smr
- Page 128 and 129:
134 TIITORY OF DATA GRA?IIICS Simil
- Page 130 and 131:
13O TIITORY OI DATA GRA?IIICS Concl
- Page 132 and 133:
7 Mubifunctioning Graphical Element
- Page 134 and 135:
A distinguished graphic thar builds
- Page 136 and 137:
But let us consider this shaped poe
- Page 138 and 139:
Data-Based Grids Very occasionally
- Page 140 and 141:
The gnd that follows presents the d
- Page 142 and 143:
Double.-Functioning Labels MUITIIUN
- Page 144 and 145:
The grid inoement! ofthe X-axis are
- Page 146 and 147:
Puzzles and Hierarchy in Graphics T
- Page 148:
, Graphics can be desigftd ro have
- Page 152 and 153:
, SimiJarly. this rable-gnphic orga
- Page 154 and 155:
8 Data Density and Small Multiples
- Page 156 and 157:
TOTAL PARTICIPATION DATA D!NSITY AN
- Page 158 and 159:
An annual sunshine rccord reporrs a
- Page 160 and 161:
Data Density atld the Size ofthe Da
- Page 162 and 163:
charqjunk, non-data-ink, and redurd
- Page 164 and 165:
These grim small multiples show the
- Page 166 and 167:
:in nEn |':t-' trt lt! !tFftl rlt t
- Page 168 and 169:
Conclusion Well-designed snull mult
- Page 170 and 171:
9 t . 1 . l a 1 ' Aesthetics and Te
- Page 172 and 173:
Tables also work well when the data
- Page 174 and 175:
can be quite small, since the phnse
- Page 176 and 177:
Accessible Complexity: The Friendly
- Page 178 and 179:
Lirres ia &ta graphics sLould be th
- Page 180 and 181:
The analogy to rhe horizon also sug
- Page 182 and 183:
If graphia should tend toward the h
- Page 184 and 185:
Epilogwe: Designs for the Display o
- Page 186 and 187:
Doll. R. 47, 82 dollars, consta.t 6
- Page 188:
Thon,s, Edwrd LLwetlyn 168 Thonas,