ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN - AWKUM

ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN 

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS 

Phone: +92 937 542190, physics@awkum.edu.pk 

SUBJECT: SCHEME OF STUDIES FOR MPHIL PHYSICS 

It is stated that the Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University (AWKUM) is about to start 

MPhil Physics program from spring semester, 2011. According to this scheme, an MPhil student has to 

complete 30 credit hours in a couple of years, consisting of 12 credit hours as compulsory courses and 12 

credit hours as optional courses equally distributed in two semesters, while the research thesis of 6 credit 

hours will be completed in the subsequent year. HEC criteria regarding the courses and grades will be 

strictly followed. 

Proposed courses, each of three credit hours, first four are compulsory while the rest are optional courses, 

as required under the revised statutes and regulations relating to MPhil inPhysics are as follows. 

PHY-601 ADVANCE ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-I .......................................................................................... 5 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS: .......................................................................................................................................... 5 

PHY-602 ADVANCE ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-II ......................................................................................... 5 


PHY-603 MATHEMATICAL METHODS-I ............................................................................................................ 6 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS ........................................................................................................................................... 6 

PHY-604 MATHEMATICAL METHODS-II ........................................................................................................... 6 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS ........................................................................................................................................... 6 

PHY-611 ADVANCE SOLID STATE PHYSICS-I ..................................................................................................... 7 


PHY-612 ADVANCE SOLID STATE PHYSICS-II .................................................................................................... 7 


PHY-613 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS .................................................................................................. 7 


PHY-614 ADVANCE QUANTUM MECHANICS.................................................................................................... 8 


PHY-615 ADVANCE STATISTICAL MECHANICS .................................................................................................. 8 


PHY-621 COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS-I ............................................................................................................. 9 


PHY-622 COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS-II ............................................................................................................ 9 


PHY-631 MATERIAL SCIENCE ......................................................................................................................... 10 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS: ........................................................................................................................................ 10

PHY-605 PLASMA PHYSICS ............................................................................................................................ 10 

RECOMMENDED BOOKS: ........................................................................................................................................ 10 

PHY-606 PARTICLE PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................... 10 


PHY-701 INTRODUCTION TO NANOPHYSICS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY ......................................................... 11 


PHY-632 LASERS OPTO-ACOUSTICS SPECTROSCOPY ...................................................................................... 11 


PHY-634 FUNDAMENTALS OF ACOUSTICS ..................................................................................................... 11 


PHY-635 SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY ................................................................................................................ 12 


PHY-636 DIELECTRIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES ........................................................................................... 13 


PHY-637 LASERS PHYSICS .............................................................................................................................. 13 


PHY-716 QUANTUM FIELD THEORY ............................................................................................................... 13 


PHY-711 RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS ............................................................................................ 14 


PHY-638 MAGNETIC MATERIALS AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES ..................................................................... 14 


PHY-721 THE THEORY OF ATOMIC COLLISIONS ............................................................................................. 14 


PHY-722 THE EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN ATOMIC COLLISIONS ............................................................. 15 


PHY-731 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION ............................................................................................................ 15 


PHY-732 MICROWAVE COMMUNICATION .................................................................................................... 15 


PHY-734 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING-I ........................................................................................................ 16 


PHY-735 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING-II ....................................................................................................... 16 


PHY-702 MODERN OPTICS AND LASER PHYSICS ............................................................................................ 16 

Page 2 of 25


PHY-741 SIGNAL PROCESSING ....................................................................................................................... 17 


PHY-751 SUPERCONDUCTIVITY ..................................................................................................................... 17 


PHY-752 LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS.......................................................................................................... 17 


PHY-713 REACTOR PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................... 18 


PHY-714 QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS ...................................................................................................... 18 


PHY-703 MEDICAL PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................... 18 


PHY-742- SATELLITE ORBIT DETERMINATION AND SIMULATION .................................................................... 18 


PHY-704 PHYSICS OF THIN FILMS .................................................................................................................. 19 


PHY-705 SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES ............................................................................................................. 19 


PHY-715 ADVANCED COURSES IN RELATIVITY ............................................................................................... 19 


PHY-761 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY-I ............................................................................................................... 20 


PHY-762 ELECTRON MICROSCOPY-II .............................................................................................................. 20 


PHY-765 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) ........................................................................................ 20 


PHY-772 METAL NANOPARTICLES DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS ............................................................................... 21 


PHY-781 LUMINESCENCE OF SOLID MATERIALS ............................................................................................ 21 


PHY-782 INORGANIC SCINTILLATIONS FOR DETECTOR SYSTEMS ................................................................... 21 


PHY-783 RADIATION DETECTION & MEASUREMENT ..................................................................................... 22 


Page 3 of 25

PHY-784 RADIATION PROTECTION ................................................................................................................ 22 


PHY-785 ADVANCE NUCLEAR PHYSICS .......................................................................................................... 23 


PHY-791 RADIATION PHYSICS........................................................................................................................ 23 


PHY-792 PRINCIPLE, METHOD AND APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TRACKS ..................................................... 24 


PHY-793 ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION DOSIMETRY ..................................................................................... 24 


PHY-794 ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICS ............................................................................................................. 25 


PHY-795 HEAVY ION PHYSICS ........................................................................................................................ 25 


Page 4 of 25

PHY-601 Advance Electromagnetic Theory-I 

Introduction to electrostatics, Coulombs law, electric field, gauss’s law, surface distribution of charges 

and dipoles, Poison and Laplace equations, electrostatic potential energy and energy density, boundary 

conditions and relations of microscopic to macroscopic fields, the displacement vector, the electric field 

in a material medium, polarizability, solution of potential problems, uniqueness theorem, solution by 

green functions solutions by inversion, solution by electrical images, two dimensional potential problems 

and application, three dimensional potential problems and applications, energy relations and force in the 

electrostatic field, field energy in free space, energy density in a dielectric, volume forces in the 

electrostatic field in the presence of dielectrics, steady currents and their interactions, the magnetic 

interaction of steady line currents, the magnetic scalar and vector potentials. 

Recommended Books: 

1. Classical Electrodynamics, J. D. Jackson, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1980. 

2. Classical Electricity and Magnetism, Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky and Melba Philips, Addison 

Wesley Publishing Co., 1990. 

3. Fields and Waves and Waves Electromagnetic, David K. Cheng, Addison Wesley, 1989. 

4. Elements of Electrodynamics, Matthew N. O., Sadiku Sunders, Chicago, 1993. 

5. Electromagnetic Field Theory, Zahn M. Willey, New York, 1979. 

6. Transmission and Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves, Sander, K. F. and Reed Cambridge 

University Press England, 1986. 

7. Electromagnetic Wave Theory, Kong J. A., John Wiley & Sons New York, 1986. 

8. Electromagnetics, Kraus J. D. McGraw-Hill New York, 1992. 

PHY-602 Advance Electromagnetic Theory-II 

Magnetic materials and boundary value problems, magnetic field intensity, magnetic sources, magnetic 

susceptibility uniqueness theorem for the vector potential, Maxwell’s equations for stationary and moving 

media, energy relations in quasi-stationary current systems, forces on current systems magnetic volume 

force, the wave equation and plane waves, radiation pressure, plane waves in a moving medium, waves in 

conducting media, group velocity, the wave equation for the potentials, the radiation field, radiated 

energy, the Hertz potential, electric dipole radiation, multiple radiation, radiation from an accelerated 

charge, field of an accelerated charge, radiation at low velocity, transformation properties of free radiation 

field, electromagnetic mass, radioactive damping of the charged harmonic oscillator, forced vibrations 

scattering by an individualfree electron, scattering by a bound electron, absorption of radiation by an 

oscillator, scattering from a volume distribution, the dispersion relation, the motion of charged particles in 

the electromagnetic fields, world line description, Hamiltonian formulation and transition to three 

dimensional formalism, equation for the trajectories of the motion of a particle with magnetic moment in 

an electromagnet field. 


1. Classical Electrodynamics, J. D. Jackson, John Wiley and Sons, New York 1980. 

2. Classical Electricity and Magnetism, Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky and Melba Philips, Addison 

Wesley Publishing Co. 1990. 

3. Fields and Waves and Waves Electromagnetic, David K. Cheng, Addison Wesley 1989. 

4. Elements of Electrodynamics, Matthew N. O., Sadiku Sunders, Chicago 1993. 

5. Electromagnetic Field Theory, Zahn M. Willey, New York, 1979. 

6. Transmission and Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves, Sander, K. F. and Reed Cambridge 

University Press England 1986. 

7. Electromagnetic Wave Theory, Kong J. A., John Wiley & Sons New York, 1986. 

8. Electromagnetics, Kraus J. D. McGraw-Hill New York, 1992. 

Page 5 of 25

PHY-603 Mathematical Methods-I 

Introduction to the course & Vector algebra, Multiple vector products, Vector derivatives, Vector 

integrations, Gauss’s and Stokes theorems and generalizations & potentials, Gauss’s law, Poisson’s 

equation, the Dirac deltafunction & Helmholtz theorem, Orthogonal coordinates and derivatives therein, 

Cylindrical and spherical coordinates, Tensor analysis & algebra, General tensors,Matrices, determinante 

and matrix algebra, Diagonalization of matrices & eigensystem of a matrix, Introduction to group theory, 

Orbital angular momenta, The Lorentz group, discrete groups, Differential forms in physics, Infinite 

series, their convergence, algebra of series, Function series, elliptic integrals, Bernuolli numbers , 

Divergent series, Infinite products, Complex numbers, regular functions and their integrals, Cauchy’s 

Integral, the Laurent series and singularities,Complex mappings,Residues & applications, The Gamma- 

Function and derivatives, Approximations and generalizations. 

Recommended Books 

1. Mathematical Methods for Physics, George Arfken Academics Press New York 1995. 

2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, ErwingKreyszig John Wiley & Sons New York 1993. 

3. Applied Analytical Mathematics for Physical Scientists, James T. Cushing John Wiley 1978. 

4. Methods of Mathematical Physics 2 Vol, Courant, R and D Hilbert, Wiley Inter-Science, New 

York, 1989. 

5. Partial Differetial Equations, Epstein B and MalaberMcgraw Hill 1983. 

6. Calculus and Analytic Geometry, G.B and R.L. Finney Addison Wesley, 1992. 

7. Mathematical Physics, H. K. Dass, & Dr. Rama Verma, S. Chand & Company limited. 

PHY-604 Mathematical Methods-II 

Partial differential equations; first order (ordinary) differential equations, Separation of variables and 

singularities, Series solutions-Frobenius’ method, A Second solution, non-homogeneous equation and 

Green’s function, Self-adjoint differential operators and equations, Orthogonalization and completeness 

of eigenfunctions, Bessel functions of the first and second kind, Modified and spherical Bessel functions 

and asymptotics, Legendre functions, Spherical harmonics and angular momentum, Products and integrals 

with spherical harmonics, Hermite and Laguerre functions, Orthogonal polynomials and hypergeometric 

functions, Confluent hypergeometric functions, The Fourier transform, Functional properties of the 

Fourier transform, Gibbs Phenomenon, discrete Fourier transform, The Fourier integral transform and its 

functional properties, Laplace transform, Integral equations, transforms and generating functions, 

Neumann series and separable kernels, Hilbert-Schmidt theory, Calculus of variations-many independent 

variables, Constrained and Rayleigh-Ritz variation. 

Recommended Books 

1. Mathematical Methods for Physics, George Arfken Academics Press New York 1995. 

2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, ErwingKreyszig John Wiley & Sons New York 1993. 

3. Applied Analytical Mathematics for Physical Scientists, James T. Cushing John Wiley 1978. 

4. Methods of Mathematical Physics 2 Vol, Courant, R and D Hilbert, Wiley Inter-Science, New 

York, 1989. 

5. Partial Differetial Equations, Epstein B and MalaberMcgraw Hill 1983. 

6. Calculus and Analytic Geometry, G.B and R.L. Finney Addison Wesley, 1992. 

7. Mathematical Physics, H. K. Dass, & Dr. Rama Verma, S. Chand & Company limited. 

Page 6 of 25

PHY-611 Advance Solid State Physics-I 

The Drude theory of metals, the Summerfield theory of metals, failure of the free electron model, crystal 

lattices, the reciprocal lattices, determination of crystal structures by x-ray diffraction, classification of 

Bravais lattices and crystal structures, electron levels in a periodic potential, general properties, electrons 

in a weak period potential, the tight binding method, other methods for calculating band structure, the 

semi-classical model of electron dynamics, the semi classical theory of conduction in metals, measuring 

the Fermi surface, band structure of selected metals beyond the relaxation-time approximation, beyond 

the independent electron approximation. 


1. Solid State Physics, Ashcroft and Mermin, CBS Publishing Asia 1976. 

2. Solid State Physics 8 th ed., Charles Kittel, John Wiley & Sons 1989. 

3. Principles of Solid State Physics, Aimen, John Wiley & Sons, 1988. 

4. Solid State Physics, Blakemore, N. B. Sounders Company, 1989. 

5. Solid State and Semiconductors Physics, McKalvey, McGraw Hill, 1990. 

PHY-612 Advance Solid State Physics-II 

Surface effects, classification of solids, cohesive energy, failure of the static lattice model, classical theory 

ofthe harmonic crystal, quantum theory of the harmonic crystal, measuring phonon dispersion relations, 

anharmonic effects in crystals, phonons in metals, dielectric properties of insulators, homogeneous 

semiconductors, inhomogeneous semiconductors, defects in crystals, diamagnetism and paramagnetism, 

electron interactions and magnetic structure, magnetic ordering superconductivity. 


1. Solid State Physics, Ashcroft and Mermin, CBS Publishing ASIA 1976. 

2. Solid State Physics 8 th ed., Charles Kittel, John Wiley & Sons 1989. 

3. Principles of Solid State Physics, Aimen, John Wiley & Sons, 1988. 

4. Solid State Physics, Blakemore, N. B. Sounders Company, 1989. 

5. Solid State and Semiconductors Physics, Mckalvey, McGraw Hill, 1990. 

PHY-613 Atomic and Molecular Physics 

Historical developments in atomic spectra, Classification of series in Hydrogen, Alkali metals and 

periodic table, The vector model of atom, multiplets in complex spectra, the Russell Saunders coupling 

scheme,Landes theory of multiplet separation and the Zeeman effect, General theory of multiple structure, 

Elementary theory of multiplets, Matrix components of the Hamiltonian for the central field problem, 

Energy values for simple multiplets, Closed shells and average energies, the average energy of a 

configuration, Formulation of multiplet calculations in terms of average energy,Rotation and vibration of 

diatomic molecules, The rigid rotator, the harmonic oscillator, the Raman spectrum of the rigid rotator 

and the harmonic oscillator, An harmonic oscillator, the symmetric top, Thermal distribution of quantum 

states, symmetry properties of the rotational level, The electronic states and electronic transitions, 

electronic energy and total energy, Vibrational structure of electronic transitions, rotational structure of 

electronic bands. 


1. Quantum theory of atomic structure, Vol 1, J. C. Slater, Mc-Graw Hill Book New York 1988. 

2. Spectra of diatomic molecules, C. Herzberg, 2 nd ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. London 1987. 

3. Atomic Physics, J. B. Rajam, S. Chand & Company, 2000. 

Page 7 of 25

PHY-614 Advance Quantum Mechanics 

Introduction to quantum mechanics, quantum theory and the wave nature of matter, the wave function and 

its interpretation, Wave packets and free particle motion, superposition principle, wave packet and 

uncertainty relation, Motion of a wave packet, The wave equation, The wave function and the 

Schrödinger equation, justification of the wave equation, the interpretation of and the conservation of 

probability, expectation values of dynamic variables and operators stationary state solutions, general 

solution of the wave equation, The linear harmonic oscillator, Eigen values and Eigen functions, the 

double oscillator, the double oscillator Eigen values and Eigen functions, The WKB approximation, the 

connection formulas, transmission through barrier, The principle of wave mechanics, coordinates and 

momentum representations, Hermitian operators, their Eigen values and Eigen functions, superposition of 

Eigen states, simultaneous measurements and computing operators, Central forces and angular 

momentum, orbital angular momentum, kinetic energy and angular momentum, the Eigen values problem 

for L2 and Lz,The intrinsic angular momentum, spin as a dynamic variable, spin and rotations, spin and 

reflections, Perturbation theory, non-degenerate perturbation theory, degenerate perturbation theory, 

application to atoms, Variable methods, helium atom, time dependent perturbation theory, Coulomb 

excitation, the atom in a radiation field, Scattering, the scattering of a wave packet, Green function in 

scattering theory, The Born approximation, phaseshifts, scattering resonances, phase shifts and green s 

functions, Coulombs scattering integral equations of scattering theory, properties of scattering states, the 

scattering matrix, The Schrodinger Equation in First and Second Quantization, Fermi Systems, Linear 

Response and Collective Modes, Bose Systems, Weakly Interacting Bose Gas, Field Theory At finite 

Temperature ,physical systems at finite temperature real-time green’s functions and linear response, 

Canonical transformations, Nuclear Matter Phonons and Electrons, superconductivity. 


1. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics,David J.Griffith, Second Ed., 1995. 

2. Quantum Mechanics, LugenMerzbacher, John Wiley and Sons, 1997. 

3. Quantum Mechanics, L LSchif, McGraw-Hill, 1968. 

4. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, L.Liboff, Addition Wesley, 1992. 

PHY-615 Advance Statistical Mechanics 

Review of the laws of thermodynamics, First second and third law of thermodynamics and their 

applications, The kinetic theory of gases, binary collisions, Boltzmann transport equation, transport 

phenomenon, the mean free path, the conservation laws, the zero order approximation, the first Statistical 

mechanics, the postulates of classical statistical mechanics, microcanonicalensemble,equipartition 

theorem, classical ideal gas, Gibbs paradox, canonical ensemble, energy fluctuation inthe canonical 

ensemble grand canonical ensemble, equivalence of the canonical ensemble and thegrand canonical 

ensemble, the meaning of the Maxwell construction, Quantum Statistical mechanics, quantum model of 

matter, the canonical distributionin quantum statistics,the quantum oscillator, Planks formula for the 

equilibrium radiation of a perfectly black body, Heat capacity of solids, heat capacity of a diatomic ideal 

gas, Quantum statistic s of a system lf a similar particles,Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics, 

Application of Bose-Einstein statistics to the,photongas, application ofFermi-Dirac statistics to the 

electron gas in metal, Condensation of an ideal Bose-Einstein gas. 


1. Statistical Mechanics,Kerson Huang, John Wiley and Sons, New York 1963. 

2. Statistical Physics, Y. P. Terletslii, NorthHolland PublishingCo, 1971. 

3. Classical Mechanics,Vol 1 &Vol 2, E.A. Desloge, John Wiley, New York 1982. 

4. Introduction to Classical Mechanics,A.P. Arya Massachusetts 1990. 

5. Classical Mechanics, T.L. Chow John Wiley, New York 1995. 

Page 8 of 25

6. Introduction to Classical and Quantum Harmonic Oscillators, S.C. Bloch John Wiley and Sons, 

Inc. 1997. 

7. Statistical Physics. Volume5, Landau L. D and Lifshits E. M., 1980, Pergamon Press Ltd. 

NewYork. 

PHY-621 Computational Physics-I 

Finite difference, Interpolation formulae, difference quotients, finite differences in two dimensions, 

sample applications. LinearAlgebra,Exact methods, iterative methods, Eigen values and Eigen vectors, 

sample applications, stochastic,Equidistributed random variants, other distributions, random sequences, 

Ordinary differential equations, initial value problems of second order, boundary values problems, partial 

differential equations, initial value problems( hyperbolic), initialvalueproblems(parabolic), boundary 

value problems, elliptic differential equation, Discrete Fourier transform, Fast Fourier transform, Hough 

transform. 


1. Theory of computation, Walter S Brainerd McGraw Hill 1998. 

2. Equations, models and Programs A Mathematical Introduction to computer science, Thomas 

J.MyresMcGraw Hill 1999. 

3. Mathematical ProgrammingOptimization Models,MikWismewski, Ton AdditsonWesley 1999. 

4. Computational physics An introduction vesselyF.J. Plenum Press, New York 1994. 

5. Computationalphysics Koonm, S.E.,Benjamin, New York 1985. 

6. Computational Statistical Mechanics, Hoover W.G. Elsevier Oxford, UK 1991. 

7. Physics programs Boardman, A.D. John Willey andSons, New York 1980. 

PHY-622 Computational Physics-II 

Simulation and statistical mechanics, Model systems of statistical mechanics, Monte Carlo method, 

molecular dynamics simulation, evaluation of simulation experiments, particles and field, stochastic 

dynamics, Quantum Mechanical simulation, The diffusion Monte Carlo, path integral Monte Carlo, wave 

packet dynamics, density functional molecular dynamics, Hydrodynamics, modeling equationsin 

aerodynamics, Some computational example,Simulation of phonon dispersioncurvesand densityof states, 

electron energy bands in a one-dimensionalperiodic potential, computer simulation of hot electron 

behaviorinsemiconductors, computational study of diffraction by microcrystalline and amorphous bodies. 

Computer assisted tutorial in perturbation theory, spherical Bessel functions Legendary function Spherical 

Harmonics Annular Momentum Ladder Operators Legend ere/ function of the second kind, special 

functions Hermit functions Lauerre functions, Fourier series Applications of Fourier series, Gibbs 

Phenomenon Discrete Orthogonalityand Discrete Fourier Transform Convolution, Theorem Laplace 

Transform of derivatives Integral Equations, Greens Function one Dimension Two and three Dimensions 

Calculus of variations Applications of Euler equation Lagrange Multipliers Rayleigh-Rits Variation 

Techniques. 


1. Theory of computation, Walter S Brainerd McGraw Hill 1998. 

2. Equations, models and Programs A Mathematical Introduction to computer science, Thomas 

J.MyresMcGraw Hill 1999. 

3. Mathematical ProgrammingOptimization Models,MikWismewski, Ton AdditsonWesley 1999. 

4. Computational physics: An introduction VesselyF.J. Plenum Press, New York 1994. 

5. Computationalphysics Koonm, S.E.,Benjamin, New York 1985. 

6. Computational Statistical Mechanics, Hoover W.G. Elsevier Oxford, UK 1991. 

7. Physics programs Boardman, A.D. John Willey andSons, New York 1980. 

Page 9 of 25

PHY-631 Material Science 

Atomic structure and interatomic bonding, the structure of crystalline solids, anisotropy, x-ray diffraction, 

determination of crystal structure, imperfections in solids, diffusion, mechanical properties of metals, 

dislocations and strengthening mechanism failure, phase diagram, phase transformation in metals, thermal 

processing of metal alloys, structures and properties of ceramics and their applications, polymer 

structures, characteristics, applications and processing of polymers, composites, corrosion and 

degradation of materials, electrical properties, thermal, magnetic and optical properties, materials 

selection and design considerations, economics, environmentand societal issues in material science and 

engineering. 


1. Material Science and Engineering,An Introduction, William D. Jr., John Wiley & Sons, 1997. 

2. Materials Science 3 rd ed., Anderson, J. C. Leaver, R. D. Van, Nostrand Reinhold UK, 1985. 

3. Materials Science and Engineering, William D. Callister, J., John Wiley & Sons, New York 1985. 

4. Properties and Selections Iron, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM International, Material 

Park, OH, 1990. 

5. Properties and selection Nonferrous Alloys and Special purpose Materials, ASM International, 

Material Park, OH, 1991. 

6. Modern Ceramic Engineering: Richerson D. W., 2 nd ed., Marcel Dekker, New York 1992. 

PHY-605 Plasma Physics 

Introduction, Occurrence of plasma, Concept of temperature, Debye shielding, The plasma parameter, 

Criteria for plasma, Applications of plasma physics, Single-particle motion in electromagnetic field, 

Uniform and non-uniform E and B fields, Time-variant E and B fields, Fluid description of plasma, Wave 

propagation in plasma, Derivation of dispersion relations for simple electrostatic and electromagnetic 

modes, Introduction to Controlled Fusion, Basic nuclear fusion reactions, Reaction rates and power 

density, radiation losses from plasma, operational conditions. 


1. F. F. Chen, Introduction to plasma Physics, 2 nd 

ed.,Plenum, 1973. 

2. N. A. Krall and A.W.Trivelpiece, Principles of Plasma Physics, McGraw Hill, 1973. 

3. S. Glasstone and R.H.Lovberg, Controlled Thermonuclear Reactions, D. Van Nestrand1960. 

PHY-606 Particle Physics 

Ingredients of the Standard Model, Quarks and leptons, Mesons and baryons, Exchange of virtual 

particles, Strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions, Relativistic kinematics, Invariant mass, 

thresholds and decays, Conservation laws, Angular momentum, Baryon number, lepton number, 

Strangeness, Isospin, Parity, charge conjugation and CP, The quark model, Super multiplets, Resonances, 

formation, production and decay, Heavy quarks, charm, bottom and top, Experimental evidence for 

quarks, Color, confinement and experimental value, Weak interactions, Parity violation, Helicity, CP 

violation, K 0 and B 0 systems, The Standard Model and beyond, Quark-lepton generations, Neutrino 

oscillations, The Higgs boson, Grand Unified Theories, Supersymmetry. 


1. Martin, B. R. & Shaw, G. Particle Physics John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1997. 

2. Perkins, D.H. Introduction to High Energy Physics Cambridge University Press, 2000. 

Page 10 of 25

PHY-701 Introduction to Nanophysics and Nanotechnology 

Introduction to nanophysics and nanotechnology, scaling laws and limits to smallness, quantum nature of 

nanoworld, nano fabrication, nanoscopy, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning 

tunneling microscopy, properties and application of semiconductor nanostructures, fabrication of 

semiconductor nanowires and quantum dots, electronic and optical properties, optical spectroscopy of 

semiconductor nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, nanomagnets. 


1. Introduction to Nanotechnology, Charles Poole Jr., F. J. Owens, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003. 

2. Nanophysics and Nanotechnology: An Introduction to Modern Concepts in Nanoscience, Edward 

L. Wolf, Wiley-VCH 2006. 

3. Nanotechnology Applications to Telecommunications and Networking, Daniel Minoli, John 

Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006. 

4. Nano, The Essentials: Understanding Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, T. Pradeep, Tata 

McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2007. 

5. Carbon Nanotubes: Basic Concepts and Physical Properties, S. Reich, C. Thornsen, J. Maultzsch, 

Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH &Co. KGaA, 2004. 

6. Nanoscale Science and Technology, Eds. R. W. Kelsall, I. W. Hamley and M. Geoghegan, John 

Wiley & Sons, 2005. 

7. The Physics of Semiconductors: An Introduction including Devices and Nanophysics, Marius 

Grundmann, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2006. 

PHY-632 Lasers Opto-acoustics Spectroscopy 

This lecture and laboratory course provides a working understanding of modern optics, lasers, and their 

applications. Topics include optical resonators, solid-state, gas, and semiconductor lasers, tunable die 

lasers, non-linear optics, and spectroscopy applications. Selected topics, which may vary from year to 

year according to interests of the faculty and recent technological developments, will stress practical 

instrumentation as well as theory. 


1. Rosencwaig A. Photoacousticspectroscopy: New-York,etc.:John Willy and Sons, 1980. 

2. Gusev V.E., Karabutov. A.A. Laser Optoacoustics. AIP, N.-Y., 1993. 

3. Almond D.P. Patel J.Photo thermal science and techniques, London, Chapman and Hall, 1996. 

4. Tam A.C. Application of photo acoustic sensing techniques. Rev. Mod. Phys., 1986. 

5. Physics Acoustic, Mason W.P., Thurston R.N., Acad. Press 1988. 

6. Vargas H., Miranda L.C.M.Photoacoustic and Related photothermal techniques, Phys. Rep., 

1988. 

7. Malkin S., Canani O. The use and characteristics of the photoacoustic method in the study of 

photosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 1994. 

8. Rogers J.A., Maznev A.A, Matthew J.B., Keith A.N. Optical generation and characterization of 

acoustic waves in thin films: Fundamentals and Applications. Annu.Rev. Matter. Sci., 2000. 

PHY-634 Fundamentals of Acoustics 

The energy and momentum of sound waves, Reflection and refraction of sound waves, Geometrical 

acoustics, Propagation of sound in moving medium, Characteristic vibrations, Spherical waves, 

Cylindrical waves, The general solution of the wave equation, The lateral wave, The emission of sound, 

Scattering of sound, Absorption of sound, Acoustic streaming, Second viscosity, Relaxation process in 

gases and liquids, Thermal, structural and chemical relaxation, Some results of the experimental 

Page 11 of 25

investigation of acoustical relaxation in liquids, solutions and electrolytes, Acoustical properties of solids 

and polymers. 


1. Theoretical Acoustics, Morse P.M. and Ingard K.V.,McGraw Hill, New York, 1968. 

2. Fundamentals of Acoustics, 3 rd Ed., L.E.Kinsler and A.R.Frey. 

3. Physical Acoustics, Principles and Methods, Volume I &II, Warren P. Mason, Academic Press, 

New York, 1965. 

4. Fluid Mechanics, 2 nd Ed., Volume 6, L.D. Landau and E.M. Lifshitz, Pergamon Press. 

PHY-635 Solid State Chemistry 

Atomic Spectra of Hydrogen, Matter/Energy Interactions Involving Atomic Hydrogen, The Shell Model 

(Bohr-Sommerfeld Model) and Multi-electron Atoms, Quantum Numbers, n, l, m, s, De Broglie, 

Heisenberg, and Schrödinger, The Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund's Rules, 

Photoelectron Spectroscopy Average Valence Electron Energy, Octet Stability by Electron Transfer, Ionic 

Bonding Properties of Ionic Compounds, Crystal Lattice Energy, Born-Haber Cycle Octet Stability by 

Electron Sharing, Covalent Bonding Lewis Structures Hybridization Electronegativity, Partial Charge, 

Polar Bonds and Polar Molecules Ionic Character of Covalent Bonds, Pauling's Calculation of 

Heteronuclear Bond Energies, LCAO MO, Energy Level Diagrams for H2, He2, Li2 Hybridization, 

Double Bonds and Triple Bonds, Paramagnetism and Diamagetism The Shapes of Molecules, Electron 

Domain Theory, Secondary Bonding Metallic Bonding, Band Theory of Solids (Heitler and London), 

Band Gaps in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators, Absorption Edge of a Semiconductor Intrinsic and 

Extrinsic Semiconductors, Doping, Compound Semiconductors, Molten Semiconductors Introduction to 

the Solid State, the 7 Crystal Systems, the 14 Bravais Lattices Properties of Cubic Crystals, Simple Cubic, 

Face-centered Cubic, Body-centered Cubic, Diamond Cubic Crystal Coordinate Systems, Miller Indices 

Characterization of Atomic Structure, The Generation of X-rays and Moseley's Law X-ray Spectra, 

Bragg's Law X-ray Diffraction of Crystals, Diffractometry, Debye-Scherrer, Laue Crystal symmetry 

Defects in Crystals, Point Defects, Line Defects, Interfacial Defects, Voids, Amorphous Solids, Glass 

Formation, Inorganic Glasses, Silicates Engineered Glasses, Network Formers, Network Modifiers, 

Intermediates Properties of Silicate Glasses Metallic Glass Chemical Kinetics, The Rate Equation, Order 

of Reaction, Rate Laws for Zeroth, First, and Second Order Reactions Temperature Dependence of Rate 

of Reaction Diffusion, Fick's First Law and Steady-state Diffusion, Dependence of the Diffusion 

Coefficient on Temperature and on Atomic Arrangement Fick's Second Law (FSL) and Transient-state 

Diffusion, Error Function Solutions to FSL Solutions, Solute, Solvent, Solution, Solubility Rules, 

Solubility Product Acids and Bases, Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, and Lewis Definitions, Acid Strength 

and pH Organic Chemistry, Basic Concepts, Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatics, Functional Groups, 

Alcohols and Ethers, Aldehydes and Ketones, Esters, Amines Organic Glasses - Polymers, Synthesis by 

Addition Polymerization and by Condensation Polymerization Structure-property Relationships in 

Polymers, Crystalline Polymers Electrochemistry of Batteries and Fuel Cells Phase Diagrams - Basic 

Definitions, Phase, Component, Equilibrium, One-component Phase Diagrams Two-component Phase 

Diagrams, Complete Solid Solubility Two-component Phase Diagrams, Limited Solid Solubility Lever 

Rule 


1. Basic Solid State Chemistry, Second Ed., Anthony R. West John Wiley & Sons, New York, 

1999. 

2. Solid State Chemistry An Introduction, Third Ed., Lesley Smart, Elaine E. Moore CRC Press 

Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, London, 2005. 

3. Solid State Chemistry and its Applications, Anthony R. West, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 

1990. 

Page 12 of 25

PHY-636 Dielectric and Optical Properties 

Matter polarization and relative permittivity, electronic polarization, covalent solids, various polarization 

mechanisms, frequency dependence of relative permittivity, dielectric loss, dielectric strength and 

insulation breakdown, capacitor dielectric materials, piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity, pyroelectricity, 

refractive index and light absorption, refractive index wavelength behavior, group velocity and group 

index, lattice absorption, band-to-band absorption, light scattering in materials, attenuation in optical 

fibers, optical anisotropy, uniaxial crystals and Fresnel’s optical indicatrix, birefringence of calcite, 

dichroism, optical activity and circular birefringence, electro-optic effects. 


1. Dielectric Materials and Applications, Arthur R. Von Hippel, Artech House; 1995. 

2. Optical Properties of Dielectric Films, Norman N Axelrod, Electrochemical Society, 1968. 

3. Dielectric Materials: Introduction, Research and Applications, R. N. P. Choudhary, S. K. Patri, 

Nova Science Publishers Inc. 2009. 

PHY-637 Lasers Physics 

Spontaneous and stimulated emission, absorption, The laser idea, Pumping schemes, Properties of laser 

beams, Laser types, Absorption and stimulated emission, Line-Broadening Mechanisms, Nonradiative 

decay and energy transfer, Degenerate or strongly coupled levels, Saturation, Fluorscence decay of an 

optically dense medium, Energy levels, radiative and nonradiative transitions in molecules, Bulk 

semiconductors, Semiconductor Quantum Wells, Quantum wires and quantum dots, Ray and waves 

propagation through optical media, Properties of laser beams, Laser beam transformation, propagation, 

amplification,vbfrequency conversion, pulse compression and pulse expansion, Solid-State, dye and 

semiconductor lasers, Continuous wave laser behavior, Transient laser behavior, Passive optical 

resonators, Pumping processes. 


1. Principles of Lasers, 4 th ed., OrazioSvelto& David C. Hanna Plenum Publishers, 1998. 

2. Fundamentals of Quantum Electronics, R.H. Pantell& H. E. Putheff Wiley, New York,1964. 

3. Radiation and Noise in Quantum Electronics McGraw-Hill, New York, 1964. 

4. Photophysics of Aromatics Molecules, J. B. Birks Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1970. 

5. Principles of Optics, 6 th ed., M. Born & E. Wolf Pergamon, Oxford, 1980. 

6. Lasers, A. E. Siegman Cambridge University, Oxford, 1986. 

PHY-716 Quantum Field Theory 

Preliminaries, Classical Lagrangian Dynamics, Lagrangian Field Theory, Global and Local Symmetries, 

Noether's Theorem, Canonical Quantization, From Classical to Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Fields and 

Causality, Canonical Quantization of Scalar Field Theory, Complex Fields and Anti-Particles, The S- 

Matrix in Quantum Field Theory, Time Evolution of Quantum States and the S-Matrix, Feynman 

Propagator and Wick's Theorem, Transition Amplitudes and Feynman Rules, Particle Decays and Cross 

Sections, Unitarity and the Optical Theorem, Quantum Electrodynamics, Weyl and Dirac Spinors, 

Quantization of the Fermion Field, Gauge Symmetry, Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field, the 

Photon Propagator and Gauge Fixing, Becchi-Rouet-Stora Transformations, Feynman Rules for Quantum 

Electrodynamics,·Renormalization, Renormalizability, Dimensional Regularization, Renormalization of a 

Scalar Theory, Displacement Operator Formalism of Renormalization to All Orders, Renormalization 

Group Equation, Anomalous magnetic moment and the Lamb shift. 

Page 13 of 25


1. F. Mandl and G. Shaw, Quantum Field Theory, Wiley, 1992. 

2. M. E. Peskin and D. V. Schroeder, Quantum Field Theory, Perseus Books Group, 1995. 

3. T. P. Cheng and L. F. Li, Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle Physics, Oxford University Press, 

1984. 

4. S. Pokorski, Gauge Field Theories, Cambridge University Press, 2000. 

PHY-711 Relativistic Quantum Mechanics 

Relativistic Quantum Mechanics of Spin ½ particles, Probability conservation in relativistic quantum 

mechanics, The Dirac equation, simple solutions, no relativistic approximations, plane waves, covariant 

perturbation theory, Natural units and dimensions, S-matrix expansion in the interaction representation, 

first-order processes, Mott scattering and hyperons decay, Two-photon annihilation and Compton 

scattering, the electron propagator, Mass and charge renormalization radioactive corrections, Greens 

functions and field theory (fermions), pictures, Green’s functions, Wicks’s theorem, diagrammatic 

analysis of perturbation theory. Fermi systems, HartreeFock approximation, imperfect Fermi gas, 

Degenerate electron gas, Linear response and collective modes, General theory of linear response to an 

external perturbation, Boss systems, Green’s functions, perturbation theory and feyman rules, Weakly 

interacting Boss gas, Finite temperature formalism, Field theory at finite temperature, physical systems at 

finite temperature, HartreeFock approximation, imperfect Bose gas near Tc, specific heat of an imperfect 

Fermi gas at low temperature, Electron gas, Real-time Green’s functions and linear response. 


1. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai Addison-Wesley 1980. 

2. Quantum Theory of Many-Particle Systems, A L Fetter. J D Walecka, McGraw Hill 1978. 

3. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, J D Bjorken and S D Drell McGraw Hill 1984. 

4. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics R H Dicke Addison Wesley 1980. 

PHY-638 Magnetic Materials and Magnetic Properties 

Electronic, Magnetic, Optical and Ferroelectric Properties of Solids, Emphasis Is on Concepts And 

Models Of Phonons And Electronic Energy Bands As Applied To metals, Semiconductors, Magnetic 

materials, and insulators, Elementary Quantum And Statistical Mechanics Concepts Are Utilized, The 

Mechanical Behavior Of Solids Emphasizing Relationships Between Microstructure And Mechanical 

Properties, Elastic, In-elastics, And Plastic Properties Of Materials, Relations between Stress, Strain rate, 

and temperature for plastically deformable solids, Application of Dislocation Theory to Strengthening 

Mechanisms in Crystalline Solids, The Phenomena Of Creep Fracture and Fatigue and Their Controlling 

Mechanisms, The Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique. 


1. Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Material, David Jiles, Chapman and Hall New York, 

1991. 

2. Principles of Magnetic particle Testing, Betz, C. E, Magnaflux Corp, 1978. 

3. Non Destructive Testing, Helmsman, Edward Arnold Publishers 1987 

4. Magnetic methods for non-destructive evaluation, Jiles, D. C, McGraw Hill, 1988. 

5. Advances in Permanent Magnetism, Rollin. J, Parker, John Wiley & Sons, In, 1990 

PHY-721 The Theory of Atomic Collisions 

Collisions, Populations, Energy Distribution, Theoretical Background-Classical and Quantum, The 

Experimental Methods Employed in collision Physics, The Elastic Scattering of Electrons in Gases, 

Page 14 of 25

Excitation of Atoms and Molecules by Electrons, ionization by Electrons, Positive Ion recombination, 

Electron Attachment and Detachment, Photon Emission and Absorption, Elastic Collisions between 

Atomic Particles, Ionization and Excitation by Atomic Particles, Charge transfer processes, Collisions of 

Excited Atoms and Molecules, Ion-Atom Interchange. 


1. Physics of atomic collisions, J. B. Hasted, Butter worths London 1984. 

2. Atomic and molecular collisions, H. S. W. Massey, Taylor and Franscis, London, 1979. 

3. Theory of Atomic collision, Mott N F and Massey, Oxford press 1989. 

PHY-722 The Experimental Techniques in Atomic Collisions 

The experimental methods employed in collision physics, Sources of atomic and molecular beams, 

Sources of atomic hydrogen and similar beams, Source of electron and source of photons in visible and 

Ultraviolet, Sources of ions, sources of excited atoms and molecules, Velocity selection of atomic and 

molecular beams, velocity selection of electrons, Detection and wavelength measurements of photons, 

Velocity and mass selection of ions, Detection and counting of and fast neutrons, Detection of atomic and 

molecular beams, Detection of metastable atoms and molecules, Some relevant vacuum problems, The 

use of quadruple fields, Experimental methods of charge transfer measurements, ion atom interchange, 

Mass spectrometer source experiments, Ion atom interchange experiments at thermal energies. 


1. Physics of atomic collisions, J. B. Hasted, Butter Worths London 1984. 

2. Atomic and molecular collisions, Mott N.F and Massey, Taylor and Francis,London, 1979. 

3. Theory of Atomic collisions, Mott N. F. and Massy, Oxford Press 1989. 

PHY-731 Optical Communication 

Bandpasses for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems. Edge filters for the rejection of 

pump radiation from an Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier. Gain equalization coatings for an Erbium Doped 

Fibre Amplifier that function in the transmissive mode. Realities in Mirages, identification of distant 

objects by the use of optical images, Effects ofnonhomogenous medium on the images of distant objects 

viewed through optical telescope,sodha theory of rays tracing in a medium with a refractive index, 

Optical raypropagation under arctic mirage conditions and sodha model. Dynamic Holography and phase 

conjugation in photo refractive crystals, Optical fibre sensors.Non Linear dynamic of beams various 

spatial profiles and polanzations. 


1. Laser Optics, Raj KamalR.L. Sawhney Wiley Eastern Limited New Delhi 1992 

2. Applied Nonlinear Optics,, F.Zemike and J.Midwinter Wiley Inter-Science New York 1983 

3. Problems of Non Linear Optics: S.A. Akhmanov and R.V. Khokhlov Moscow 1978. 

PHY-732 Microwave Communication 

Benefits of Microwave Communication, Microwave Spectrum, Microwave Applications, Elementary 

Fields and Waves, Maxwell’s Equations and Boundary Conditions, Wave Propagation in Perfect 

Insulators, Transmission Line Theory, The Impedance Transformation, The Smith Chart, Impedance 

Matching and Two-Port Network Analysis, Microwave Transmission Lines, The Open Two- Wire Line, 

The Coaxial Line, Rectangular and Circular Waveguides, Coaxial and Strip Line Components, TEM to 

TEM Transmissions, Attenuators and Phase Shilters, Waveguide Components, Reciprocal 

MultiportJunctions, Microwave Resonators and Filters, Narrowband,Wideband and Microwave Filters. 

Page 15 of 25


1. Microwave Transmission Line Filters, Malherbe J. A. G. Anech House, Dedham, MA 1979. 

2. Stripline Circle Design, Jnr.11. Artech House, Dodham. MA, 1974. 

3. Microwave Engineering Passive Circuits, PeterA.Rizzi Prentice-Hall, 1988. 

4. Microwave Circuit Theory and Analysis, Ghose, R.N.McGraw-Hill 1993. 

5. Micro Wave and Wireless Communication Technology, Joseph Carr 1996. 

PHY-734 Digital Image Processing-I 

Continuousimage characterization, Mathematical characterization of continuous image, Psychophysical 

properties of Vision, Photometry and calorimetry, digital image characterization, image sampling and 

reconstruction, Mathematical characterization of Descrete image, Image Quantization, Sampled image 

Quality Measure, Discrete Two-DimensionalLinear Processing, Linear Operators, Superposition 

Operator, Two Dimensional Unitary Transformations, Two-dimensional Linear Processing Techniques. 


1. Digital Image Processing, William K Pratt John Willey and Sons 1978. 

2. Digital Image Processing,Ganzalez, R.C Wintz Addison- Wesley 1977. 

PHY-735 Digital Image Processing-II 

Image Enhancement and Restoration, Image Enhancement, Image Restoration Models, Algebraic Spatial 

Image Restoration Techniques, Specialized Spatial Image restoration Techniques, Luminance, Color and 

Spectral Image Restoration, Image Analysis, ImageFeatureExtraction, Symbolic Image Description, 

ImageDetection and Registration, Image UnderstandingSystems, Image Coding, Analog Processing 

Image Coding, Digital Point Processing Image Coding,Digital Spatial Processing Image Coding,Image 

coding performance analysis. 


1. Digital Image Processing, William K Pratt John Willey and Sons 1978. 

2. Digital Image Processing,Ganzalez, R.C.Wintz Addison-Wesley 1977. 

PHY-702 Modern Optics and Laser Physics 

This is a lecture and laboratory course offered as a follow-up to PHYSIC 673. Topics include propagation 

in anisotropic and non-linear media, birefringence, the physical origin of non-linear polarization, optical 

second harmonic generation, parametric oscillation and amplification, electro-optic effects in crystals, 

third-order non-linearities, third harmonic generation, phase conjugate optics, four-wave mixing, intensity 

dependent transmission, and other selected topics as time permits. 


1. Rosencwaig A. Photoacousticspectroscopy, John Willey and Sons, New York, 1980. 

2. Gusev V.E., Karabutov. A.A. Laser Optoacoustics. AIP, N.-Y., 1993. 

3. Almond D.P. Patel J.Photo thermal science and techniques, London, Chapman and Hall, 1996. 

450 p. 

4. Tam A.C. Application of photo acoustic sensing techniques. Rev. Mod. Phys., 1986,v.58, N2, 

pp.381-431. 

5. Phys. Acoustic (Ed. Mason W.P., Thurston R.N.), 1988, v.18, Acad. Press., P.168-277. 

6. Vargas H., Miranda L.C.M.Photoacoustic and Related photothermal techniques. Phys. Rep., 

1988, v.163, 43. 

Page 16 of 25

7. Malkin S., Canani O. The use and characteristics of the photoacoustic method in the study of 

thotosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 1994, 45:493-526. 

8. Rogers J.A., Maznev A.A, Matthew J.B., Keith A.N. Optical generation and characterization of 

acoustic waves in thin films: Fundamentals and Applications. Annu.Rev. Matter. Sci., 2000, 30: 

117-157. 

PHY-741 Signal Processing 

Characterization Of Signals, Characterization Of Linear Time Invariant Systems, Sampling Of Signals In 

Time And Frequency Domain, Algorithm For Convolution And DFT,Multirate Digital signals, 

Applications Of Multirate Signals Processing, Linear Prediction And Optimum Linear Filters, Least 

Squares Methods For System Modeling And Filter Design, Adaptive Filters, Recursive least Squares 

Algorithms For Array Signal Processing, Power Spectrum Estimation, Signal Analysis With Higher 

Order Spectra. IFFT and FFT techniques, Time and Space Domain, Frequency domain, Z- transform, 

Introduction to Wavelet Technique. 


1. Advanced Digital Signal Processing, John. G. Proakis, Maxwell Machmillan International, 1999. 

2. Signals and system, Alan. V, Oppenheim. Prentice HallUSA, 1995. 

3. Fast Algorithms for Digitals Signal Processing, Blahut, R.E, Addison Wesley, 1985. 

4. Understanding Digital Signal Processing, Richard G.Lyon, Prentice Hall, 1991. 

PHY-751 Superconductivity 

Phenomenon of superconductivity, the thermodynamics transition, the MeissnerOchsenfeld effect, the 

critical field, the energy gap, Coulomb interaction between electron, the Bose-Einstein gas model, the 

quasi-chemical equilibrium theory, the concept of electron pairs as quasi molecules, thermodynamic of 

chemical equilibrium, treatment of the ground state, the BCS and Bogoliubov theories at zero 

temperature, thermodynamics in the quasi-equilibrium theory, the Meissner effect, persistent currents, 

quantumtheory of normal conductivity. 


1. Theory of Superconductivity, John M. Blatt, Academic Press New York, 1984. 

2. Theory of Superconductivity, Lane M. Von, Academic Press New York, 1994. 

3. Superconductivity Electronics, Kohara, Prentice Hall, 1987. 

4. High Temperature Superconductivity, Ten years after its discovery, K. B. Grag& S. M. Bose, 

Narosa Publishing London, 1998. 

PHY-752 Low Temperature Physics 

Low temperature physics, experimental techniques, low temperature experimental setup, knowledge of 

insulation, handling liquid nitrogen and liquid helium gases and lowering of temperature by magnetic 

ordering, specific cases of phase transformation studies. 


1. Low Temperature Physics, Quantum Crystal and Magnetism, K. D. Timmerhaus, McGraw Hill 

1999. 

2. Low Temperature Physics, Robert E. Uhrig, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1997. 

3. Low Temperature Physics, L. P. Birynkov, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1997. 

Page 17 of 25

PHY-713 Reactor Physics 

Principle concepts in the physics of nuclearsystem, radiation radioactivitydecay and the buildup and 

depletion of isotopes in nuclear systems, neutron- nucleus interactions and nuclear cross sections, 

transport or radiation usingone group and two-group diffusion theory. Concepts of crititcality and timedependent, 

reactors, Neutron-nucleus interactions and nuclear cross section calculations, neutron transport 

theory and multi-group diffusion theory, heterogeneous reactor calculations. 


1. Random Noise Techniques in Nuclear reactor, Robert E.McGraw Hill, New York 1996. 

2. Advances in Nuclear physics, Michel Baranger McGraw Hill 1999. 

PHY-714 Quantum Electrodynamics 

Classical field theory, Canonical quantization of Klein-Gordon, Dirac and Maxwell fields, Interacting 

fields, Perturbation theory and Feynman diagram, elementary processes of quantum electrodynamics, 

Radiative corrections, Divergences, regularization and re-normalization, Guage field theories and 

functional integral formulation, Systematics of re-normalisation, Re-normalisation and symmetric, Renormalisationgroup,Non-Abelian 

gauge theories and their quantization, Quantum chromodynamics, 

Anomalies, Guage theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking. 


1. Advance Engineering Electromagnetic, Balanis C. A. Wiley, New York 1989. 

2. Classical Electromagnetic, Jackson J. D Griffiths Prentice Hall USA 1989. 

3. The theory of Electromagnetic, Jones D. S. Macmillian New York 1984. 

PHY-703 Medical Physics 

Introduction to Radiotherapy, Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, External beam radiotherapy equipment, 

Use of ionizing radiation in radiotherapy, measurement and calculation of absorbed dose, Treatment 

planning, Isodose distribution, skin dose and field separation, electron beam therapy, Brachytherapy, 

Radiopharmaceuticals, Radioisotope generators, Production of radioisotopes, gamma camera and its 

components, SPECT, PET, Production and properties of X-rays, Beam restricting devices, Radiographic 

films, types and characteristics, Processing the latent image, Intensifying screen, Radiographic quality, 

Mammography, Computed Tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, Ultrasound. 


1. Physics of Radiation Therapy, Faiz M Khan, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Fourth ed. (May 15, 

2009) 

2. Physics in Medicines & Biology, Paul Davidovits, Academic Press, 3 rd ed., 2007. 

3. Physics in Nuclear Medicines, Thames A Sorenson & Michael E Philips, Saunders,3 rd ed., 2003. 

4. Instrumentation in Nuclear Medicine, Vol I and II. Ed. Gerald Hine and James Sorenson. 

Academic Press Inc, New York, London 1974. 

5. Nuclear Medicine. Ed. J.H. Thrall and H. A. Ziessman. 1995. Mosby. 

6. Quality Control in Nuclear Medicine. Ed. B.A.Rhodes. The C. V. Mosby Company, Saint 

Louis1977. 

PHY-742- Satellite Orbit Determination and Simulation 

Fundamental Equation of Motion, Two-Body Problem, Astrodynamic Coordinate System, Analytics of 

the Two-Body Problem, Determination of an Orbit from Two Positions, Vectors and Time, Determination 

Page 18 of 25

of an Orbit From angles only, Mixed Data Determinations, Differential Correction Orbits, Secular 

Perturbations, Introduction To Broad Casting Techniques. 


1. Methods of Orbit Determination, P. R.Escobol, John Wiley &Sons, 1975. 

2. Orbit Mechanics for Remote Sensing, Kenneth ID, and Joseph, John Wiley &Sons, 1982. 

3. Meteorological Satellite Data, Gray T. I and Mc Cray, McGraw Hill, 1989. 

PHY-704 Physics of Thin Films 

Methods of preparation of films, methods of examination of films, High – energy electron diffraction, 

Growth and structure of films, films structure, mechanical properties of films, mechanical properties of 

films, stress in films formed by thermal evaporation, opticalproperties of films, Absorbing films, 

magnetic properties offilms, Domains in films, electric properties of films conductive of metal films. 


1. Thin Film Physics, O.S. Heavens Methuen & Co Ltd 1989. 

2. Vacuum Depositionof Thin Films, Holland L. Chapman & Hall 1986. 

3. Structure and Properties of thin films, Bean J.W. Wiley New York 1989. 

PHY-705 Semiconductor Devices 

Semiconductor principles, survey of semiconductor chemistry, semiconductor crystal growth, control of 

composition in semiconductor, defect interactions in semiconductors, diffusion processes in Germanium 

and Silicon, the chemistry of some compound semiconductors, group-iv semiconductors, properties of 

some covalent semiconductors, infrared absorption of semiconductors, recombination and trapping effect 

of imperfections on Germanium and Silicon, semiconductor electrodes. 


1. Semiconductor Physics and Devices,Basic Principles, Donald A. Neamen, McGraw Hill, 2003. 

2. Semiconductors, N. B. Hannay, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, 1989. 

3. Electron and Holes in Semiconductors, W. Shockley, Princeton, D. Van, 1988. 

PHY-715 Advanced Courses in Relativity 

Geometrical foundations for space-time theories, Geometrical structures, Affine Geometry, Material 

geometry, structure of space-time theories, Absolute space-time theories, Newtonian mechanics, Special 

Relativity, Relativistic Particle Dynamics, Relativistic continuum mechanics, Microscopic theory, 

Relativistic continuum mechanics, Macroscopic theory, Dynamical space-time theories, foundations of 

general relativity, solutions of Einstein equations, experimental tests for general relativity, further 

consequences of general relativity, cosmology. 


1. Principles of relativity physics, Anderson Academic Press New York 1997. 

2. Gravitational radiation experiments in relativity, C.de Witt New York 1984. 

3. The Classical theory of fields, L. D Landau Addison Wesley 1982. 

Page 19 of 25

PHY-761 Electron Microscopy-I 

Basic opticsand operation of scanning and transmission electron microscopes.Image formation, modes 

ofcontrastand resolution in SEM and TEM.Electron diffraction. Images of perfect crystals and defects in 

two-beam diffraction contrast, Analytical microscopy of specimen preparation and insitu microscopy. 


1. Practicalscanning Electron Microscopy Goldstein, J.I. Yokowitz, H Plenum Press, New York 

1977. 

2. Electron Microscopy in the study of Materials, Grundy, P.J. and Jones, G A, Edward Annold, 

Limited 1976. 

3. Transmission Electron Microscopy Thomas, G and Goringe, M. J Jones Wiley & Sons, New 

York 1979. 

4. Practical Analytical Electron Microscopy in Material Science: WilliamD B Philips Electronics 

Instruments 1983. 

PHY-762 Electron Microscopy-II 

Students will be instructed in the proper use of a scanning and a transmission electron microscope, 

allstages from initial alignment of the instrument to presentation of the result will be covered. Three or 

four projects will be completed, including obtaining atomic lattice fringeimages and x-ray microanalysis. 


1. Practicalscanning Electron Microscopy Goldstein, J.I. Yokowitz, H Plenum Press, New York 

1977. 

2. Electron Microscopy in the study of Materials, Grundy, P.J. and Jones, G A, Edward Annold, 

Limited 1976. 

3. Transmission Electron Microscopy Thomas, G and Goringe, M. J Jones Wiley & Sons, New 

York 1979. 

4. Practical Analytical Electron Microscopy in Material Science: WilliamD B Philips Electronics 

Instruments 1983. 

PHY-765 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) 

A Preview, Nuclear Magnetization, and the Bloch Equation, The Quantum Mechanical Basis of 

Precession and Excitation, The Quantum Mechanical Basis of Thermal Equilibrium and Longitudinal 

Relaxation, Signal Detection Concepts, Introductory Signal Acquisition Methods, Free Induction Decay, 

Spin Echoes, Inversion Recovery and Spectroscopy, One Dimensional Fourier Imaging, k Space and 

Gradient Echoes, Multi-Dimensional Fourier Imaging and Slice Excitation, NMR Signal, Continuous and 

Discrete Fourier Transforms, Sampling and Aliasing in Image Reconstruction, Filtering and Resolution in 

Fourier Transform Image Reconstruction, Projection Reconstruction of Images, Signal, Contrast and 

Noise, Fast Imaging in the Steady State, Spin Density, T-1 and T-2 Quantification Methods in MR 

Imaging, Introduction to MRI Coils and Magnets. 


1. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design, E. Mark, Robert W. 

Brown, Michael R. Thompson, Ramesh. V. Willy, 1999. 

2. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Ed., S. A. Huettel, A. W. Song, G. McCarthy, 

Sinauer Associates Inc., 2008. 

3. Handbook of MRI Pulse Sequences, 1 st ed., Bernstein, K. F. King, X. J. Zhoa, Academic press, 

2004. 

Page 20 of 25

PHY-772 Metal Nanoparticles Diffusion in Solids 

Fundamentals of Diffusion, Continuum Theory of Diffusion, Fick’s Laws in Isotropic Media, Fick’s First 

Law, Equation of Continuity, Fick’s Second Law, Solutions of the Diffusion Equation, Steady-State 

Diffusion, Random Walk Theory and Atomic Jump Process, Atomic JumpProcess, Point Defects in 

Crystals, Diffusion Mechanisms, Interstitial Mechanism, Collective Mechanisms, Vacancy Mechanism, 

Divacancy Mechanism, Interstitially Mechanism, Interstitial-substitutional Exchange Mechanisms, 

Correlation in Solid-State Diffusion, Interstitial Mechanism, Vacancy Mechanism of Self-diffusion, 

Vacancy-mediated Solute Diffusion, Dependence of Diffusion on Temperature and Pressure, Activation 

Volumes of Self-diffusion, Activation Volumes of Ionic Crystals, Interdiffusion and Kirkendall 

Effect,Diffusion and External Driving Forces, Fick’s Equations with Drift, Nernst-Einstein Relation. 


1. Fundamentals, Methods, Materials, Diffusion-Controlled Processes, Mehrer, Helmut, Springer 

Series in Solid-State Sciences, Vol. 155, 2007. 

2. Introduction to glass science and technology, J. E. Shelby, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2005. 

PHY-781 Luminescence of Solid Materials 

Theory of luminescence, Characteristics of Luminescence, Fundamentals of the Quantum theory of 

radiation, Theoretical model and mechanism of luminescence, Experimental techniques of luminescence 

measurements , Absorption and luminescence spectroscopy, Spectroscopic components, Time-resolved 

spectroscopy, Hole-burning, Fluorescence line-narrowing and Photon echo, Quantum efficiency and 

nonradiative processes, New developments, Photoluminescence, Classification of photoluminescence in 

solids, Band to band luminescence, Wannierexciton luminescence, Characteristics of localized center 

luminescence, Extrinsic luminescence of unlocalized type, Extrinsic luminescence of localized type, 

Thermoluminescence, Thermoluminescence model, Thermoluminescence mechanism, Methods of 

analysis, Applications. 


1. Luminescence of Solids, D. R. Vij, Plenum Press New York, 1998. 

2. Luminescence, From Theory to Applications, R. Ronda (WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. 

KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2008. 

3. Luminescence Materials, G. Blasse, B. C. Grabmaier, (Springer-Verlag, 1994. 

PHY-782 Inorganic Scintillations for Detector Systems 

Basic Principles and Processes, Physical mechanism of scintillation, Creation of electron hole pairs, 

Excitation and emission of luminescence centers, Scintillation Materials, Halides, Oxides and Oxides 

systems, Interaction of Ionization radiation with scintillators, High energy photons, Charged particles, 

Neutral particles, General characteristics of inorganic scintillators, Light yield, Duration of scintillation 

pulse, Afterglow, Temperature response, Optical properties, Radiation hardness, Density, Cost 

considerations, Conversion of Electronic Excitations in Solids, Charge carriers behavior, Energy losses, 

Scintillation yield spectra, Intrinsic Luminescence of Inorganic Scintillators, Excitonic luminescence, 

Core to valance transition, Defect Formation by Ionizing Radiation, Mechanism of defect formation, 

Efficiency of defect production, Formation time of F-H pairs. 

Page 21 of 25


1. Physical Process in Inorganic Scintillators, Piotr, A. Rodnyi, CRC Press, Boca Raton New York 

1997. 

2. Inorganic Scintillators for Detector Systems, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006. 

3. Inorganic Scintillators for Modern and Traditional Applications, M. Globus, B. Grinyov, J. K. 

Kim, Institute for single crystals Ukrain-Kharkiv, 2005. 

PHY-783 Radiation Detection & Measurement 

Particle Detection,Review of atomic and nuclear physics, Natural and Man-made sources of radiations, 

Radioactive decays, characteristic and bremsstrahlung X-rays, Interactions of photons with matter, 

Interaction of neutrons with matter- Elastic and inelastic scattering and cascade reactions, Interactions of 

charged particles with matter- Elastic, inelastic, Semi-classical derivation of Bethe's formula of stopping 

power, Energy loss for electrons and heavy ions, Ionization, Recombination effects, Principle and 

operating characteristics of ionization chambers, Proportional and Geiger Mueller Counters, Scintillation 

mechanism in organic and inorganic detectors, Principle and operating characteristics of various types of 

scintillation detectors, Gamma Spectroscopy, Uses and operational characteristics of surface-barrier 

semiconductor detectors and Lithium-drifted &Hyper-pure Germanium (HPGe) detectors, Slow and fast 

neutron detection methods and spectroscopy, Thermoluminiscence (TL) dosimetery, Nuclear Electronics, 

Nature of information provided by the detectors, pulse shapes and times, preamplifiers and their 

functions, Main amplifiers, Pulse-shaping networks, integration and differentiation circuits, pole zero 

cancellation, Signal to noise ratio, Coincidence units, Analogue to digital converter (ADC), Multi-channel 

analyzers. 


1. Radiation Detection and Measurements, 3rd Ed., Glen F Knoll, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1999. 

2. Nuclear Radiation Detection, 2 nd Ed., W. J. Price, McGraw Hill,1964. 

3. Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection, James E. Turner, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1995. 

PHY-784 Radiation Protection 

Philosophy of radiation protection, quantities and units used in radiation protection, deterministic and 

stochastic effects, External and internal exposures and their protection, Inverse square law of external 

protection, Dose limits, Annual limits of intake, Recommendations of International Commission on 

Radiological Protection, Radiation safety criteria, TL dosimeters, film badges, neutron dosimters, albedo 

dosimeters, internal dose assessment procedures, ICRP recommendations. Surface contaminationevaluation 

and control, Criticality, Four Factor Formula, Contamination and decontamination, Radiation 

Shielding, Gamma & X-Ray shielding calculations, Gamma-ray attenuation and build-up factors, Beta 

particle shielding, Neutron moderation and shielding, shielding calculations for X-Ray machines. 


1. Radiation Detection and Measurements, 3rd Ed., Glen F Knoll, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1999. 

2. Introduction to Health Physics, 3 rd Ed.Herman Cember, McGraw Hill, 1996. 

3. Radiation Dosimetry, Instrumentation and Methods, 2 nd Ed., Gad Shani, CRC Press, 2000. 

4. An Introduction to radiation Protection, 4 th Ed., A. Martin and S.A. Herbison, Hodder Arnold, 

1998. 

Page 22 of 25

PHY-785 Advance Nuclear Physics 

General Properties of Nuclei (mass, size, spin etc.,), The sizes ofprotonand neutron, Nuclear Forces, 

Nuclear Models (Fermi Gas, Liquid Drop, Shell, Collective), Theories of Alpha, Beta and Gamma Decay, 

Nuclear Reactions and kinematics, Cross sections: Classical and Quantum Mechanical derivation, 

Nuclear and Nucleon Form Factors,Nuclear Fission and its Mechanism, Bohr and Wheeler theory of 

Nuclear Fission, Chain fission reaction, Nuclear reactor, Reproduction of nuclear fuel, Nuclear Fusion 

and Thermonuclear explosion, Evolution ofthe Universe, Nucleosynthesisbeforformation of stars, 

Elementary Particles, Cosmic Rays*, Some Famous Experiments (Past, Current and Future) 


1. Introductory Nuclear Physics, Kenneth S Krane, John Wiley & Sons, 1988 

2. An Introduction to Nuclear Physics, Second Ed., W. N. Cottingham and D. A. Greenwood, 

Cambridge university Press, 2004 

3. Nuclei and Particles, Second Ed., E. Segre, W. A. Benjamin, 1977 

4. Subatomic Physics: Nuclei and Particles (Volume 1 & 2), L. Valentin, Paris, France: Hermann, 

Amsterdam, Netherlands: North-Holland, 1981 

5. Concepts of Nuclear Physics, B. L. Cohen, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1971 

6. Fundamentals of Physics, N.A. Jelley, Cambridge University Press, 1990 

PHY-791 Radiation Physics 

Review of atomic physics, Review of nuclear physics, Types of radiation and their characteristics, 

Penetrating power of radiations, Natural and Man-made sources of radiations, Transition probabilities. 

Radioactive decays and radiations, Electron capture, conversion electron, decay constant, characteristic 

and bremsstrahlung x-rays, Auger electrons, Interactions of photons with matter - Photoelectric 

absorption, Compton Scattering, pair production, Rayleigh, Thomson, and Raman scatterings, and 

photonuclear interactions. Interaction of neutrons with matter- Elastic and inelastic scattering and cascade 

reactions, radiative capture, charged-particle emission, Effect of target structure and atomic motion. 

Interactions of charged particles with matter- Elastic, inelastic: excitation, ionization, and bremsstrahlung. 

Semi-classical derivation of Bethe's formula of stopping power. Radiation effects on matter. 


1. Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry, Attix, F.H., Wiley, New York 

1986. 

2. Radiation Dosimetry, Attix, F.H., Roesch, W.C., Tochilin, E., Academic Press, New York 1968. 

3. The Atomic Nucleus, Evans, R.D., McGraw-Hill, New York 1955. 

4. The Fundamentals of Radiological Science, Hale, J., Thomas, Springfield, IL 1974. 

5. The Physics of Radiology, Johns, H.E., Cunningham, J.R., Thomas, Springfield, IL 1984. 

6. The Dosimetry of Ionizing Radiation, Kase, K.R., Bjarngard, B.E., Attix, F.H. Eds, Academic 

Press, San Diego, CA 1985. 

7. The Physics of Radiation Therapy, Khan, F., 3 rd ed, Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 

MD 2003. 

8. Modern Physics from A to Z, Rohlf, J.W., Wiley, New York 1994. 

9. Clinical Radiotherapy Physics, Jayaraman, S., Lanzl, L.H., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1996. 

10. Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection,James E. Turner 3 rd Ed., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 

&Co.KGaA, 2000. 

11. Nuclear Reactor Theory, J. R. LamarshAddison-Wesley, Reading, 1966. 

12. The Elements of Neutron Interaction Theory,A. Foderaro, MitPrSeptember 15, 1971. 

13. A primer in Applied Radiation Physics, F.A. Smith, World Scientific Co. Pte. Ltd 2000. 

Page 23 of 25

14. Nuclear Radiation Physics, Howard Lucius Andrews, Prentice Hall, 4 th Revised ed.ed.Dec 1972. 

15. Elementary Radiation Physics, G.S. Turner & J E Hurst,Wiley, New York 1970. 

PHY-792 Principle, Method and Applications of Nuclear Tracks 

Track Formation & Detection,Introduction to nuclear track detection, Interaction of charged particle with 

matter, Range-energy relations, radiation damage in solids, track storing materials and criteria for track 

formation, track etching methodology and Track geometry. , Applications of Track Detection Techniques, 

Applications in Nuclear Physics, Half lives for spontaneous fission and alpha/carbon decay, Fission 

barriers, Spontaneouslyfissioning Isomers, Search for super heavy nuclei, Fragmentation and charge 

changing cross section in relativistic heavy ion collisions and some more examples. , Applications in 

Heavy IonPhysics:, Preparation and exposure of detector-target assembly, Scanning and measurement of 

events: Bifurcation of elastic and in-elastic binary events, Calculation of grazing angle, Maximum angular 

momentum, Radius of interaction, and reaction cross-section from the elastic binary events, Partial 

reaction cross sections, Analysis of 3- and 4-pronged events and calculation of total energy losses, Masses 

of pre-fission fragments, and their scattering angles, Relative velocities, in and out of plane angular 

distribution of fission fragments and calculation of time scale of the sequential fission process., 


1. Solid State Nuclear Track Detection, S.A. Durrani& R.K. Bull, Oxford, New York:Pergamon 

Press, 1987. 

2. Nuclear Tracks in Solids, R. L. Fleischer, P. B. Price & R. M. Walker, University of California 

Press, 1975. 

3. Nuclear Reactions with Heavy Ions, R. Bass, Springer-Verlag New York, LLC 1980. 

4. Scientific literature from leading scientific journals. 

PHY-793 Environmental Radiation Dosimetry 

Neutron dosimetry:, Neutron sources, detection by different methods, thermal and fast neutron fluence 

using radiators (n-fission reaction) and using transmittance of UV radiations, neutron detection by tracks 

from nonfission reactions, etc, Alpha particle dosimetry (airborne radon and cosmic radiations):, 

Overview of properties, origin and transport of radon, radon monitoring devices, indoor radon surveys, 

survey in mines and caves, radon induced health effects, remedial action in areas of high radon levels in 

nature and dwellings., Detection and Measurement of natural radioactivity:, Sources, methods and 

measurement ofradon and natural radioactivity in soil and underground water using different methods, 

measurement oftraces of natural activity in various drinks and eating stuff., 


1. Radon Measurements, Editors: S.A. Durani and R. Iic 1997. 

2. Solid State Nuclear Track Detection, S.A. Durani and R.K. Bull, Oxford, New 

York:Pergamon Press, 1987. 

3. Nuclear Tracks in Solids, R.L. Fleischer, P.B. Price and R.M. Walker, McGraw-Hill Medical, 3 

ed. 1996. 

4. Scientific literature published in leading scientific journals. 

Page 24 of 25

PHY-794 Environmental Physics 

Structure and composition of the Atmosphere, Solar Radiation and the atmosphere, Winds in the 

atmosphere, The hydrosphere, The ground (soil), Physical behavior of soil water system, soil mechanics, 

Energy and the environment, Sound and noise, Atmospheric pollution due to nuclear radiations, Non 

radioactive, Atmospheric pollution, climatology and measurements of climate factor, Environmental 

spectroscopy. 


1. Introduction to Environmental Physics, Nigel Mason and Peter Hughes, Taylor and Francis Inc. 

2002. 

2. Environmental Physics, E. Boeker and R. van Grondelle's, Wiley, 1995. 

3. Fundamentals of Weather and Climate, Robin McIlveen, OUP Oxford, 2nd ed. 2010. 

4. Energy, Resources and Environment, Eds., J. Blunden and A. Reddish,A Global World. New 

York, Oxford University Press 1995. 

PHY-795 Heavy Ion Physics 

Kinematics of Ion-Ion Collisions, Strong Absorption Models of Heavy Ion Scattering, Light Scattering 

System, Elastic Scattering and Reaction Cross sections, Possible reactions in heavy ion collisions like 

distant, grazing and close collision, reaction cross section, classical theory of elastic scattering, gross 

properties of heavy ion collisions e.g. channels, Q-values, heavy ion interaction potential, compound 

nucleus formation between two heavy ions. 


1. Nuclear Reactions with Heavy Ion Physics, R. Bass, Springer, 1st Ed.ed.2010. 

2. Treatise on Heavy Ion Science, Ed. D.A. Bromley, Mishawaka, IN, U.S.A. 1984. 

3. Heavy Ion Collisions, Ed. R. Bock,North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1979. 

Page 25 of 25

ABDUL WALI KHAN UNIVERSITY MARDAN - AWKUM

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