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Guide To Polyurethanes Fire protection standards (part 2) RAILWAY VEHICLES A variety of national fire protection standards for railway vehicles is in force across Europe (see table for examples). These have developed as a result of differing historical experiences, evolving concepts of protection and different vehicle designs. Different countries still use different types of track. This is a reflection of their geography and degree of urbanization. The passenger evacuation conditions where railway routes feature large numbers of tunnels or bridges differ from those running across wide open spaces. Because of these differences, individual countries have different ways of assessing the various fire risks. These risks can best be explored from the point of view of the passenger. When a fire breaks out on a train, passengers may be endangered in a variety of ways. It may be difficult for them to escape or be rescued if the fire spreads rapidly and there is a lot of smoke. Smoke gases can have a toxic effect. In the worst-case scenario, heat may cause flammable gases to vaporize and collect under the roof of the train. This gas can spontaneously ignite in what is known as a “flashover”, spreading the fire to other parts of the train. Different countries use different fire testing procedures to assess these potential risks. Our assessment shows that different countries have independently identified similar types of risk. In general, flammability, flame spread patterns and smoke gas density are assessed. Some testing procedures also assess heat development and the toxic potential of smoke gases. The testing methods used vary widely. In France and Spain, for example, flame spread patterns are assessed by looking at the effect of heat radiation on materials using the Epiradiateur test. In Germany, on the other hand, the materials are subjected to a direct flame in a large test chamber in accordance with DIN standard 54837 (see photo). Fire protection standards specify which of the aforementioned tests a material must pass and what performance criteria apply to it. They take account of where a component will be installed in the vehicle and how large it is. Additional requirements are also set out for specific parts such as electrical encapsulation components. Based on the fire protection categories of the vehicle, different material requirements may be applied to reflect different levels of risk associated with ease of escape from the vehicle in question. For example, passengers can escape more quickly from a streetcar than they can from a high-speed train or a vehicle that passes through tunnels. In Germany, all these factors are taken into account by fire protection standard DIN 5510. This standard covers all finished components and divides trains into four fire protection categories. Test results are translated into classes based on one or more criteria. In Germany, materials are classified according to three criteria: A Flammability Class (S1 to S5), a Smoke Development Class (“SR1 not achieved”, “SR 1” or “SR2”) and a Drip Class (ST1 or ST2). The fire protection standard determines the classification of a material, which in turn governs the applications for which it can be used. The This information and our technical advice – whether verbal‚ in writing or by way of trials – are given in good faith but without warranty‚ and this also applies where proprietary rights of third parties are involved. Our advice does not release you from the obligation to verify the information currently provided – especially that contained in our safety data and technical information sheets – and to test our products as to their suitability for the intended processes and uses. The application‚ use and processing of our products and the products manufactured by you on the basis of our technical advice are beyond our control and‚ therefore‚ entirely your own responsibility. Our products are sold in accordance with the current version of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery. Bestell-Nr.: MS 006045, Printed in Germany KL Bayer MaterialScience AG 51368 Leverkusen, Germany www.bayermaterialscience.com Baydur 60 FRS in a DIN 54837 testing chamber standard lists the class ratings which must be fulfilled for specific applications. In an effort to ensure uniform assessment of materials throughout the European Union, standard EN 45545 “Fire protection on railway vehicles” has been drafted. Objections to Part 2 of this draft standard are currently being filed, and will be assessed soon. Part 2 deals with the issue of assessing the fire behavior of materials and components, and will probably set out four main tests. These will involve determining the amount of heat released, the flame spread, the smoke gas density and the toxicity of the combustion gases. Fire protection standard DIN 5510 1) AFNOR NF F 16-101 DT-PCI/5A BS 6853 UNIFER E 10.02.977.3 prEN 45455 Country Germany France Spain United Kingdom Italy European Union 1) also applies in Austria, Switzerland and China Contact: Dr. Stephan Schleiermacher Polyurethanes Business Unit Tel.: ++ 49 214 30 - 3 94 95 stephan.schleiermacher@bayerbms.com If you have any questions or suggestions, please contact: Martin Sixsmith Tel. +44 1635 563 811 Fax +44 1635 563 272 ukqueries@bayermaterialscience.com
Guide To Polyurethanes Fire protection standards (part 2) RAILWAY VEHICLES A variety of national fire protection standards for railway vehicles is in force across Europe (see table for examples). These have developed as a result of differing historical experiences, evolving concepts of protection and different vehicle designs. Different countries still use different types of track. This is a reflection of their geography and degree of urbanization. The passenger evacuation conditions where railway routes feature large numbers of tunnels or bridges differ from those running across wide open spaces. Because of these differences, individual countries have different ways of assessing the various fire risks. These risks can best be explored from the point of view of the passenger. When a fire breaks out on a train, passengers may be endangered in a variety of ways. It may be difficult for them to escape or be rescued if the fire spreads rapidly and there is a lot of smoke. Smoke gases can have a toxic effect. In the worst-case scenario, heat may cause flammable gases to vaporize and collect under the roof of the train. This gas can spontaneously ignite in what is known as a “flashover”, spreading the fire to other parts of the train. Different countries use different fire testing procedures to assess these potential risks. Our assessment shows that different countries have independently identified similar types of risk. In general, flammability, flame spread patterns and smoke gas density are assessed. Some testing procedures also assess heat development and the toxic potential of smoke gases. The testing methods used vary widely. In France and Spain, for example, flame spread patterns are assessed by looking at the effect of heat radiation on materials using the Epiradiateur test. In Germany, on the other hand, the materials are subjected to a direct flame in a large test chamber in accordance with DIN standard 54837 (see photo). Fire protection standards specify which of the aforementioned tests a material must pass and what performance criteria apply to it. They take account of where a component will be installed in the vehicle and how large it is. Additional requirements are also set out for specific parts such as electrical encapsulation components. Based on the fire protection categories of the vehicle, different material requirements may be applied to reflect different levels of risk associated with ease of escape from the vehicle in question. For example, passengers can escape more quickly from a streetcar than they can from a high-speed train or a vehicle that passes through tunnels. In Germany, all these factors are taken into account by fire protection standard DIN 5510. This standard covers all finished components and divides trains into four fire protection categories. Test results are translated into classes based on one or more criteria. In Germany, materials are classified according to three criteria: A Flammability Class (S1 to S5), a Smoke Development Class (“SR1 not achieved”, “SR 1” or “SR2”) and a Drip Class (ST1 or ST2). The fire protection standard determines the classification of a material, which in turn governs the applications for which it can be used. The This information and our technical advice – whether verbal‚ in writing or by way of trials – are given in good faith but without warranty‚ and this also applies where proprietary rights of third parties are involved. Our advice does not release you from the obligation to verify the information currently provided – especially that contained in our safety data and technical information sheets – and to test our products as to their suitability for the intended processes and uses. The application‚ use and processing of our products and the products manufactured by you on the basis of our technical advice are beyond our control and‚ therefore‚ entirely your own responsibility. Our products are sold in accordance with the current version of our General Conditions of Sale and Delivery. Bestell-Nr.: MS 006045, Printed in Germany KL Bayer MaterialScience AG 51368 Leverkusen, Germany www.bayermaterialscience.com Baydur 60 FRS in a DIN 54837 testing chamber standard lists the class ratings which must be fulfilled for specific applications. In an effort to ensure uniform assessment of materials throughout the European Union, standard EN 45545 “Fire protection on railway vehicles” has been drafted. Objections to Part 2 of this draft standard are currently being filed, and will be assessed soon. Part 2 deals with the issue of assessing the fire behavior of materials and components, and will probably set out four main tests. These will involve determining the amount of heat released, the flame spread, the smoke gas density and the toxicity of the combustion gases. Fire protection standard DIN 5510 1) AFNOR NF F 16-101 DT-PCI/5A BS 6853 UNIFER E 10.02.977.3 prEN 45455 1) also applies in Austria, Switzerland and China Contact: Dr. Stephan Schleiermacher Polyurethanes Business Unit Tel.: ++ 49 214 30 - 3 94 95 stephan.schleiermacher@bayerbms.com If you have any questions or suggestions, please contact: Monika Brandt Tel. ++ 49 214 30 - 3 30 13 Fax ++ 49 214 30 - 5 53 52 monika.brandt@bayerbms.com Country Germany France Spain United Kingdom Italy European Union
Page 1 and 2: Issue 1/2005 Baydur ® / Bayflex ®
Page 3 and 4: Baydur ®/Bayflex ® - Polyurethane
Page 9: Bayer and its Partners BÜSING & FA

Here - Polyurethanes - Bayer

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