The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013

1.1: The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index 2013
Figure 1: Composition of the three subindexes of the TTCI
Subindex A:
T&T regulatory framework
Policy rules and regulations
Environmental sustainability
Safety and security
Health and hygiene
Prioritization of
Travel & Tourism
collect and make available T&T data on a timely basis
and commissioning high-quality destination-marketing
campaigns.
Quality air transport infrastructure provides ease
of access to and from countries, as well as movement
to destinations within countries. In this pillar we measure
both the quantity of air transport, as measured by the
available seat kilometers, the number of departures,
airport density, and the number of operating airlines,
and the quality of the air transport infrastructure both for
domestic and international flights.
Vital for ease of movement within a country is the
extensiveness and quality of its ground transport
infrastructure. This takes into account the quality of
roads, railroads, and ports, as well as the extent to which
the national transport network as a whole offers efficient,
accessible transportation to key business centers and
tourist attractions.
We have also included a pillar that captures
a number of aspects of the general tourism
infrastructure in each country, as distinct from the
general transport infrastructure. This takes into account
the accommodation infrastructure (the number of hotel
rooms) and the presence of major car rental companies
in the country, as well as a measure of its financial
infrastructure for tourists (the availability of automatic
teller machines, or ATMs).
Given the increasing importance of the online
environment for the modern T&T industry in planning
itineraries and purchasing travel and accommodations,
we also capture the quality of the ICT infrastructure
in each economy. Here we measure ICT penetration
8 | The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2013
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
Subindex B:
T&T business environment
and infrastructure
Air transport infrastructure
Ground transport infrastructure
Tourism infrastructure
ICT infrastructure
Price competitiveness in
the T&T industry
Subindex C:
T&T human, cultural, and
natural resources
Human resources
Affinity for Travel & Tourism
Natural resources
Cultural resources
Climate change
rates (Internet, telephone lines, mobile telephony, and
broadband), which provide a sense of the access by
business and individuals to the online services that
are essential for operating in the modern T&T industry.
We also include a specific measure of the extent to
which the Internet is used by businesses in carrying out
transactions with other business and consumers, to get
a sense of the extent to which these tools are in fact
being used for business (including T&T) transactions in
the economy.
The price competitiveness in the T&T industry
is clearly an important element to take into account,
with lower costs increasing the attractiveness of some
countries for many travelers. To measure countries’ price
competitiveness, we take into account factors such as
the extent to which goods and services in the country
are more or less expensive than elsewhere (purchasing
power parity) as well as airfare ticket taxes and airport
charges (which can make flight tickets much more
expensive), fuel price levels compared with those of other
countries, taxation in the country (which can be passed
through to travelers), and the relative cost of hotel
accommodations.
Quality human resources in an economy ensure
that the industry has access to the collaborators it needs
to develop and grow. This pillar takes into account the
health and the education and training levels in each
economy, and is made up of two specific subpillars. The
education and training subpillar measures educational
attainment rates (primary and secondary), as well as
the overall quality of the educational system in each
country, as assessed by the business community.
© 2013 World Economic Forum