New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

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Applications of Water Hyacinths As the spread of the water hyacinth is a worldwide problem, many have tried to utilise the plant in different applications. How successful different projects have been is varying, but most noticeable are products made out of the petioles, such as furniture and bags from Thailand. The applications can be divided into three categories based on their type: products, energy and water purification. Products The fibres in the mature petioles are suitable for making ropes and braided structures, which in turn can be made into different products like baskets, furniture, home decoration, and bags. The fibres also make it possible to manufacture fibreboards from the plant. In one method the stalks are boiled, washed and then beaten to a pulp, which is mixed with waste paper pulp and china clay (or similar). The boards are then finished in a press and ultimately dried, for use as indoor partition walls and ceiling boards (Practical Action, 2006)). A third product type is paper. There has been research on whether or not the plant could be used in the paper industry. The opinions are shifting but it could probably be used for low quality paper (Theliander, 2009). The water hyacinth is however used in low scale papermaking in different countries, among them Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Energy The water hyacinth can be rich in energy in form of nitrogen and is therefore well suited for use in energy and even for making animal food (Gunnarsson, 2005). Possible ways to utilise this energy is by turning the plant into charcoal briquettes, biogas, ethanol for fuel, or fertiliser. Water Purification The water hyacinth is being used for purification of water, as part of a pre-treating system. This is due to the ability of the plant to reduce the amount of nutrients, organic matter, heavy metals and pathogens in the water (Practical Action, 2006). top: Lampshed made of water hyacinth rope bottom: Water hyacinth might be used as animal fodder Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 14 of 97
Applications of Water Hyacinths in Kisumu In Kisumu there are a handful of entrepreneurs making paper or products from rope. Most of them are in some way linked to Kisumu Innovation Centre, Kenya (KICK). One of these persons is Evance Odhiambo, who in year 2000 initiated the organisation Zingira and has been working with the water hyacinths ever since. Initially, the plant was used for small scale production of paper but with some inspiration from the Internet, the production has now expanded into furniture made from water hyacinth rope. This furniture has a metal frame as support and the ropes are treated with varnish in order to prevent the fibres from rotting as they otherwise easily absorb water. The harvesting of water hyacinth is mainly done in Nyakach as the plant stays there permanently, and the harvesters are also the ones twining the ropes. The hyacinth thrives in Navasha and Nairobi Dam as well and Zingira has a few people in Kibera, an informal settlement in Nairobi, who are trained in papermaking. In the process of making paper, the petiole is used to produce pulp, which then is mixed with waste paper in order to gain sufficient quality. The roots and the leaves are used for creating decorative natural patterns in the paper. The paper, rope and furniture are made by local craftsmen and Zingira pays them per piece as this gives them motivation to work efficiently. Evance Odhiambo has furthermore experimented with production of briquettes intended for cooking. These were made of crushed plants and some clay compressed by a hand driven mechanism made from pipes. The briquettes burned with a blue flame and did not give rise to any soot. In addition, they burned longer than the commonly used charcoal. However, the price of the briquettes became too high for the market due to the labour cost, 70 Kenyan shilling, KES for 2 kg compared to 20 KES for 2 kg charcoal. Evance Odhiambo has not done any direct testing on the mechanical properties of the ropes, but he knows that the quality is lower compared to papyrus and sisal. According to him, a doormat made from water hyacinth lasts for approximately two years (Evance, 2009). Evance Odhiambo and his pulp machine Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 15 of 97
Page 1 and 2: NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi
Page 3 and 4: Table of Content PHASE I 5 Introduc
Page 5 and 6: PHASE I Reality Studio 09 - New Sen
Page 7 and 8: Introduction to ‘New Sense in Nui
Page 9 and 10: Background Information For a thorou
Page 11 and 12: The Impact of the Water Hyacinth on
Page 13: Controlling the Hyacinths on Lake V
Page 17 and 18: Identified Problems with Harvesting
Page 19 and 20: Process As the goal was to develop
Page 21 and 22: We also tried to use less waste pap
Page 23 and 24: Stool Using the same technique and
Page 25 and 26: Interacting with People in Kenya To
Page 27 and 28: Discussion on Phase I A question th
Page 29 and 30: Direction of Project in Phase II In
Page 31 and 32: Introduction to Phase II The chapte
Page 33 and 34: Background Information II In order
Page 35 and 36: According to White (2009), the pric
Page 37 and 38: Construction of a Conventional Sani
Page 39 and 40: Possible Ways of Making Materials H
Page 41 and 42: Process II Different types of brain
Page 43 and 44: Developing Materials One goal with
Page 45 and 46: The first step of the process is to
Page 47 and 48: Making Nonwoven To investigate if i
Page 49 and 50: Absorption Testing After developing
Page 51 and 52: Evaluation of Materials After havin
Page 53 and 54: Developing a Sanitary Pad As previo
Page 55 and 56: Evaluation of Fastening Methods Fro
Page 57 and 58: Evaluation of the Pad Concepts To e
Page 59 and 60: Our minds where for a long time set
Page 61 and 62: RESULT Reality Studio 09 - New Sens
Page 63 and 64: In the construction of the pad we h
Page 65 and 66:
Both the paper strip and sticker ha
Page 67 and 68:
Distribution ‘Jani’ is intended
Page 69 and 70:
Continuation There is a great poten
Page 71 and 72:
The Project Work The work in our gr
Page 73 and 74:
Kenya Agricultural Research Institu
Page 75 and 76:
Appendix I Time schedule for Transf
Page 77 and 78:
Appendix III - Interview with Akell
Page 79 and 80:
Appendix IV - Potential Uses of the
Page 81 and 82:
Appendix VI Grows fast Spongy Shoe
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Appendix VIII In this method of eva
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Appendix X To accompany the mock-up
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Appendix XII Water hyacinth composi
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Appendix XIII Absolute Design Crite
Page 91 and 92:
Desired Design Criteria Discrete ap
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Appendix XV - Tree of Materials for
Page 95 and 96:
Megan White - CEO of ZanaA, Tools f
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NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi
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New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

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