New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

Recommendations

Info

Material Testing After having created different papers and the nonwoven, it was time to test the qualities of the materials. Testing of Heavy Metals Since the water hyacinth is known for absorbing heavy metals and other pollutants, we saw it necessary to test the materials meant for the sanitary pad for heavy metals. Swerea IVF has a laboratory where it is possible to test textiles for the Oeko-tex standard. With the financial help of SCA Hygiene, we sent Swerea IVF two grams of one of the papers made without AKD and two grams of the dried petioles. The Oeko-tex test is a simulation of wearing the material against the skin. The samples are put in a sweat-solution and are, at a temperature of 40°C, shaken for an hour. Thereafter, the solution is analysed for metals. The results of the tests were satisfying, none of the limiting values were exceeded and the water hyacinth would therefore be suitable as a material for a sanitary pad. The results varied somewhat between the paper and the petioles and this was according to the test conductor due to that the fibres in the paper had been processed and therefore might release some of the metals more easily. The higher levels of some metals in the sample of petioles might be due to the fact that these were treated with preservative containing small amounts of heavy metals. These metals may have been “washed away” during the pulp making process. See Appendix VII for test results. Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 48 of 97
Absorption Testing After developing the materials, we performed an absorption test on single sheets of 100% water hyacinth, measuring approximately 60x200mm. They had differences in thickness and texture e.g. with “channels”, semi-penetrating holes, mesh, and roughness. Some sheets were pressed while others were not, and a few papers were multilayered. The simulation liquid used in the test was a mixture of water, corn starch and red food colouring as contrast. Despite that the absorption tests were quite non-scientific, they worked as a guide for confirming or discarding assumptions. With a pipette, we executed mainly two different tests with different purposes, both being timed: 1) Drop-test; how fast the paper absorbed one drop from the pipette 2) 3+3 ml test; how fast the paper absorbed and transported a larger amount of the liquid We also looked at the amount of leakage on the white paper under the absorbents to see how well the hyacinth papers absorbed the liquid. Observations - Unpressed paper was superior to the pressed paper in absorption, especially in time but also in regards to the amount. - Papers with channels lead the water and transported the liquid further compared with the sheets without - The paper bulged when it absorbed liquid and became weakened Testing absorption properties Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 49 of 97
Page 1 and 2: NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi
Page 3 and 4: Table of Content PHASE I 5 Introduc
Page 5 and 6: PHASE I Reality Studio 09 - New Sen
Page 7 and 8: Introduction to ‘New Sense in Nui
Page 9 and 10: Background Information For a thorou
Page 11 and 12: The Impact of the Water Hyacinth on
Page 13 and 14: Controlling the Hyacinths on Lake V
Page 15 and 16: Applications of Water Hyacinths in
Page 17 and 18: Identified Problems with Harvesting
Page 19 and 20: Process As the goal was to develop
Page 21 and 22: We also tried to use less waste pap
Page 23 and 24: Stool Using the same technique and
Page 25 and 26: Interacting with People in Kenya To
Page 27 and 28: Discussion on Phase I A question th
Page 29 and 30: Direction of Project in Phase II In
Page 31 and 32: Introduction to Phase II The chapte
Page 33 and 34: Background Information II In order
Page 35 and 36: According to White (2009), the pric
Page 37 and 38: Construction of a Conventional Sani
Page 39 and 40: Possible Ways of Making Materials H
Page 41 and 42: Process II Different types of brain
Page 43 and 44: Developing Materials One goal with
Page 45 and 46: The first step of the process is to
Page 47: Making Nonwoven To investigate if i
Page 51 and 52: Evaluation of Materials After havin
Page 53 and 54: Developing a Sanitary Pad As previo
Page 55 and 56: Evaluation of Fastening Methods Fro
Page 57 and 58: Evaluation of the Pad Concepts To e
Page 59 and 60: Our minds where for a long time set
Page 61 and 62: RESULT Reality Studio 09 - New Sens
Page 63 and 64: In the construction of the pad we h
Page 65 and 66: Both the paper strip and sticker ha
Page 67 and 68: Distribution ‘Jani’ is intended
Page 69 and 70: Continuation There is a great poten
Page 71 and 72: The Project Work The work in our gr
Page 73 and 74: Kenya Agricultural Research Institu
Page 75 and 76: Appendix I Time schedule for Transf
Page 77 and 78: Appendix III - Interview with Akell
Page 79 and 80: Appendix IV - Potential Uses of the
Page 81 and 82: Appendix VI Grows fast Spongy Shoe
Page 83 and 84: Appendix VIII In this method of eva
Page 85 and 86: Appendix X To accompany the mock-up
Page 87 and 88: Appendix XII Water hyacinth composi
Page 89 and 90: Appendix XIII Absolute Design Crite
Page 91 and 92: Desired Design Criteria Discrete ap
Page 93 and 94: Appendix XV - Tree of Materials for
Page 95 and 96: Megan White - CEO of ZanaA, Tools f
Page 97: NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi

New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?