Nonwovens Glossary - INDA

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Fiberfill Low density fiber construction, used as filling and cushioning, for products like pillows, apparel and quilts made from synthetic fibers. The most common fiber used for fiberfill purposes is virgin polyester. Fibrillate The break up of a plastic sheet into a fibrous sheet. The term can also mean breaking fibers into smaller fibers, such as the splitting of a bicomponent fiber. Fibrillated film A type of fabric made from a process that embosses a film then stretches it in a controlled manner in the machine and cross direction to break open the film into small holes (fibrillate). The fibrillated film has a structure that resembles a fibrous nonwoven fabric. These materials can be used as cover stock, facings for supporting other nonwovens or as supporting scrims. Filament fibers Filaments are extruded fibers produced from a variety of polymers. Filaments are continuous fibers that are produced by forcing a molten polymer through a spinneret. If cut to a shorter length, say 3.8 cm, the term filament fiber changes to “staple” fiber. Filament yarn A yarn made of continuous filaments assembled with or without a twist. Filler A nonfibrous additive used in a fiber to increase its weight, replace more expensive polymer or change luster and opacity. It is also non-fibrous materials, such as insoluble clay, gypsum, starch or gum added to a fabric to increase its weight or appearance. Filter fabric A cloth used to separate particles from their suspension in air or liquids. Filter media Material that makes up the filter element. Media can be made of a variety of materials, woven metal, sand, fiber, ceramics, etc. Nonwovens Glossary 23
Finish Substance added to fibers and textiles, in a post-treatment, to change their properties. Examples are lubricants and flame retardants. Finishing See After treatment. Flame resistance The property of a material to resist ignition, burn slowly or to self-extinguish after the ignition source is removed. Flame retardant A chemical used to impart flame resistance. The chemical can be added at the time the fibers are spun or added to the fabric though a finishing process. Flammability The characteristics of a material that describe the relative ease for a fabric to ignite and sustain combustion. Flammability tests Procedures used to determine the flame resistance and flame retardant properties of materials. Flashspinning A modified spunlaid technology in which a polymer/solvent solution is extruded under conditions that rapid solvent evaporation at the spinneret occurs. The individual filaments are disrupted into a highly fibrillar form and are collected on a moving screen to form a web. Flashspun nonwoven Webs of fiber produced by the flashspinning method and bonded together by one or more bonding techniques to provide fabric integrity. Flashspun web A web of fibers produced by the flashspinning process. Flex abrasion Abrasion of a sheet or fabric resulting from unidirectional flexing and frictional passage over a bar or other wear surface. Flexural rigidity The resistance of a fiber to bending (fiber stiffness), defined as the couple required to bend a fiber to unit radius of curvature. Flocking A method of applying a velvet surface to a material by dusting, or electrostatically attracting, short fibers onto an adhesive coated surface. The short fibers are made by grinding or cutting. 24 Nonwovens Glossary
Page 1 and 2: Association of the Nonwoven Fabrics
Page 3 and 4: Graphic Design and Printing Margare
Page 5 and 6: Foreword This is the first printing
Page 7 and 8: Activated carbon A form of carbon c
Page 9 and 10: Anionic compound A chemical carryin
Page 11 and 12: Bb BLC See Barrier Leg Cuff. Back c
Page 13 and 14: Boardy The quality of stiffness in
Page 15 and 16: Carded nonwoven A nonwoven produced
Page 17 and 18: Clothing When used to describe a ca
Page 19 and 20: Cover stock A lightweight nonwoven
Page 21 and 22: Dd Decitex (Dtex) Weight in grams o
Page 23 and 24: Doffer loading Refers to fibers fir
Page 25 and 26: Ee Efficiency The ability of a filt
Page 27: Ff Fabric A sheet structure made fr
Page 31 and 32: Gg Garnett The garnett is a fiber p
Page 33 and 34: Hh Hammermill A device used to defi
Page 35 and 36: Ii Ignition The beginning of combus
Page 37 and 38: Kk Knitted fabric A fabric made fro
Page 39 and 40: Lint Particles and short fibers tha
Page 41 and 42: Melt blowing A nonwoven web forming
Page 43 and 44: Monomer A chemical compound that ca
Page 45 and 46: Needle board In the needlepunched t
Page 47 and 48: Overlap Refers to the area where th
Page 49 and 50: Physical property The response of a
Page 51 and 52: Primary backing The fabric into whi
Page 53 and 54: Rr Random laying Forming a web in s
Page 55 and 56: Ss Saturation bonding A web bonding
Page 57 and 58: Solution spinning See Dry Spinning.
Page 59 and 60: Spunlace bonding, Spunlaced bonding
Page 61 and 62: Stretch The ability of a fabric to
Page 63 and 64: TFPIA Textile Fiber Products Identi
Page 65 and 66: Uu ULPA The acronym for Ultra Low P
Page 67 and 68: Ww Warp The yarns that run in the m
Page 69: Xx, Yy, Zz Yarn A continuous strand

Nonwovens Glossary - INDA

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