724_Final Report.pdf - North Pacific Research Board

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and possibly wintering areas over time, which would provide meaningful information about changes in relative abundance of prey at these areas over time. In conclusion, we advise researchers to apply our QFASA results with some caution in that the captive eider CCs, turnover rates, and FA subsets may require further consideration in application to wild birds. We stress that further work is required to calculate complete turnover rates of FAs from a natural diet, investigate the sensitivity of CCs and FA subsets to diets, and of the model to the CCs and FA subsets used. However, despite this sensitivity our study showed that QFASA accurately estimated Diet 1 and accurately indicated diet switches in captive eiders, and that diets can be estimated over an extended time period. Thus, our understanding of diet can be back-tracked to more than a month in a feeding eider. Regardless of model limitations, this study provides an important basis for further validation studies and interpretation of adipose tissue FA data from wild populations. Applying minimally invasive QFASA techniques to determine the diets of spectacled and Steller’s eiders during different life history stages will provide information about their diets and help identify critical habitats to support conservation of these threatened breeding populations. 25
Acknowledgments Financial support was provided by the North Pacific Research Board (Project 724), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, National Park Service-Ocean Alaska Science and Learning Center and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canada. P. Flint and J. Lovvorn provided helpful comments on an earlier draft. We thank H. Cline, T. DiMarzio, M. Grue, G. Gerdsen, and N. Brandt for the care and maintenance of the eiders in this study. We also thank D. Mulcahy, C. Goertz, P. Tuomi, M. Gray, S. Skeba, D. Safine, A. Riddle, and R. Federer for assistance with biopsies. We are grateful to S. Al- Shaghay for assistance with lab analyses. The collection of samples for this project was carried under permits from Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (#07-011) at the Alaska SeaLife Center, the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (#07-045), and the Federal Fish & Wildlife Permit (#065912). 26
Page 1 and 2: NORTH PACIFIC RESEARCH BOARD PROJEC
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS STUDY CHRONOLOGY
Page 5 and 6: snails (Petersen et al. 1998, Lovvo
Page 7 and 8: een employed in eiders to evaluate
Page 9 and 10: CHAPTER 1. Validating quantitative
Page 11 and 12: Abstract Fatty acid (FA) signature
Page 13 and 14: migration, or how the diets of juve
Page 15 and 16: were switched to Diet 3 which consi
Page 17 and 18: 16:1n-7, 18:0, 18:1n-9, 18:1n-7, 18
Page 19 and 20: The diets of captive eiders were es
Page 21 and 22: Calibration coefficients (CCs) and
Page 23 and 24: Discussion The results from this ca
Page 25 and 26: appropriate for estimating a consum
Page 27: Ideally, captive studies should mim
Page 31 and 32: Federal Register. 1997. Endangered
Page 33 and 34: Raclot, T., Groscolas, R., and Cher
Page 35 and 36: Table 2. Sum of the squared errors
Page 37 and 38: Figure 5. QFASA estimates using the
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2. 2nd discriminant function
Page 41 and 42: Figure 4. proportion proportion 1.0
Page 43 and 44: Appendix 1. Fatty acid (FA) subsets
Page 45 and 46: CONCLUSIONS The results from this c
Page 47 and 48: we incorporated into our calculatio
Page 49 and 50: There is still much work to be done
Page 51 and 52: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding was provid
Page 53 and 54: Harrison, N.M. 1984. Predation on j
Page 55: APPENDIX A: ASLC Fact Sheet 52

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