Evaluation of prey for the spider Dicymbium brevisetosum

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TOFT, S., 1996: Indicators of prey quality for arthropod predators. In BOOIJ, C.J.H., DEN NIJS, L.J.M.F. (eds): Arthropod natural enemies in arable land II. Survival, reproduction and enhancement. Acta Jutlandica, 71, 2, p. 117-153. TOFT, S., 2000: Species and age effects in the value of cereal aphids as food for a spider. In GAJDOŠ, P., PEKÁR, S. (eds): Proceedings of the 18th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Stará Lesná, 1999. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol. 19, Supplement 3/2000 (this volume). TOFT, S., WISE, D.H., 1999: Growth, development and survival of a generalist predator fed single- and mixedspecies diets of different quality. Oecologia, 119, p. 191-197. UETZ, G.W., BISCHOFF, J., RAVER, J., 1992: Survivorship of Wolf spiders (Lycosidae) reared on different diets. The Journal of Arachnology, 20, p. 207-211. VICKERMAN, G.P., WRATTEN, S.D., 1979: The biology and pest status of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Europe: A Review. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 69, p. 1-32. WALLIN, H., CHIVERTON, P.A., EKBOM, B.S., BORG, A., 1992: Diet, fecundity and egg size in some polyphagous predatory carabid beetles. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 65, p. 129-140. 18
Ekológia (Bratislava) Vol. 19, Supplement 3, 19-29, 2000 PORTUGUESE SPIDERS (ARANEAE): A PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST PEDRO CARDOSO Pcta. Metalúrgicos, 2, 1º Dto., 2835-043 Baixa da Banheira, Portugal. E-mail: pcardoso@iname.com Introduction Abstract Cardoso P.: Portuguese spiders (Araneae): a preliminary checklist. In GAJDOŠ P., PEKÁR S. (eds): Proceedings of the 18th European Colloquium of Arachnology, Stará Lesná, 1999. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol. 19, Supplement 3/2000, p. 19-29. With 642 described species and 8 subspecies, continental Portuguese spiders are still poorly known. A preliminary species checklist is presented and the country is evaluated in terms of its known spider species distribution. What has been done and what has to be done are two of the main topics to be addressed. Arachnology is a neglected science in Portugal. Only two Portuguese researchers have dedicated part of their life to arachnology – Amélia Bacelar and António de Barros Machado. Both of them worked in the area during the second quarter of this century and only occasional work has been done in the last 50 years, mainly by foreign researchers who saw in continental Portugal a good area to develop their studies. The first published reference to a Portuguese spider was made by Sundevall on the occurrence of Achaearanea lunata (OLIVIER) in this country in 1831 (in BACELAR, 1928). Since then, many researchers have made considerable species lists, e.g. KARSCH (1893 in BACELAR, 1928), BERTKAU (1893a, 1893b in BACELAR, 1928), SIMON (1881, 1898b in BACELAR, 1928), FRANGANILLO (1920 in BACELAR, 1928), BACELAR (1927a, 1927b, 1928, 1932, 1933a, 1933b, 1933c, 1935, 1936, 1940), MACHADO (1937, 1941, 1944, 1945, 1949, 1986), SCHENKEL (1938), FERRÁNDEZ (1986, 1990a, 1990b, 1996) and BOSMANS (1994). Some other smaller papers, in terms of numbers of species, have referred to the presence of spiders in Portugal: FRADE, BACELAR (1931a, 1931b), BLAUWE (1980), BLASCO (1986), RIBERA (1988, 1993), FERRÁNDEZ, CÉSPEDES (1990), MACHADO, FERRÁNDEZ (1991), BARRIENTOS, RIBERA (1992), ROBERTS (1995), URONES et al. (1995), SNAZELL, MURPHY (1997). 19
Page 1 and 2: Ekológia (Bratislava) Vol. 19, Sup
Page 3 and 4: negatively to spider fitness in a m
Page 5 and 6: Cumulated number of eggsacs per fem
Page 7 and 8: from females reared on Normal flies
Page 9: on offspring size was not measured
Page 13 and 14: Dysdera gamarrae FERRÁNDEZ, 1984 D
Page 15 and 16: Araneus grossus (C. L. KOCH, 1844)
Page 17 and 18: Zodarion viduum DENIS, 1937 PRODIDO
Page 19 and 20: Synageles venator (LUCAS, 1836) Tal
Page 21: BLAUWE, R., 1980: Revision de la fa
Page 24 and 25: made on the specimen of October 19
Page 26 and 27: 34 Fig. 4. Distribution map of Neme
Page 28 and 29: Acknowledgements I would like to th
Page 30 and 31: Argenna prominula TULLGREN, 1948 (F
Page 32 and 33: Figs 8-16. 8 Dictyna dunini sp.nov.
Page 34 and 35: Dictyna paramajor sp.nov. (Figs 9-1
Page 36 and 37: References DANILOV, S.N., 1994: Cri
Page 38 and 39: Introduction Flemish forests have b
Page 40 and 41: T a b l e 1. List of sampled forest
Page 42 and 43: T a b l e 2. (cont.) 50 Species No.
Page 44 and 45: T a b l e 3. Values of the physico-
Page 46 and 47: impression that, according to the f
Page 48 and 49: These results were compared with or
Page 50 and 51: MAELFAIT, J.-P., BAERT, L., JANSSEN
Page 52 and 53: Fig. 1. Geographic division of the
Page 54 and 55: Number of species 62 140 120 100 80
Page 56 and 57: the mountains compared with the low
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Page 61 and 62:
is beyond the scope of this paper.
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T a b l e 1. Synapomorphies of Hapl
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a problem with using this term sinc
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part in Solifugae and Pseudoscorpio
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Acknowledgements I thank Bill Shear
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Ekológia (Bratislava) Vol. 19, Sup
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Figs 1-11. Eusimonia divina, male [
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Figs 13-19. Eusimonia turkestana, m
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Eusimonia birulai (ROEWER) BIRULA,
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al., 1996). Especially in these fra
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The interpretation of the banding p
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Two different measures were used to
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DE WOLF, H., BACKELJAU, T., VERHAGE
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cally-controlled design patterns an
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presence of previously-spun lines (
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a web, and tested the effects of th
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HIGGINS, L., 1995: Direct evidence
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T a b l e 1. Characterisation of th
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Table 2. (cont.) Species Red Data L
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A 0/Z 0 30/Z 30 50/Z 50 100/ Z 100
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Discussion With a total of 97 speci
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OTTO, H.-J., 1994: Waldökologie. U
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Fig. 1. Comparison of most abundant
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Discussion A spider community is a
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Fig. 1. Map of Central Europe with
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T a b l e 1. Main staining affiniti
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Fig. 2. Oblique section of the ante
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2 ). The basic histological structu
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Excretory duct Lycosa tarentula. Th
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ARVY, L., 1966: Données histochimi
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Electron Microscopy for two species
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Figs 1-4. Brazilobothriurus pantana
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Fig. 15. Map showing the location o
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Variability of characters in paraty
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ottle. Higher quality flies (called
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Fig. 1. Specific consumption [mg pr
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Evaluation of prey for the spider Dicymbium brevisetosum

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