Aliens Newsletter - ISSG

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Heredia B, Rose L & Painter M (eds.) Globally Threatened Birds in Europe: 119–146. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg Hall C, Cranswick PA (2010) Monitoring of the UK Ruddy Duck population during ongoing control operations: survey results winter 2009/10. Preliminary Report. WWT Report to the Food and Environment Research Agency Hudson R (1976) Ruddy Ducks in Britain. Brit. Birds 69:132–143 Hughes B (1996) The Feasibility of Control Measures for North American Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis in the United Kingdom. WWT report to the Department of the Environment Hughes B, Robinson JA, Green AJ, Li ZWD, Mundkur T, compilers (2006) International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala. CMS Technical series No. 13 & AEWA Technical series No. 8, Bonn Hughes B, Criado J, Delany S, Gallo-Orsi U, Green AJ, Grussu M, Perennou C, Torres JA (1999) The status of the North American Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis in the Western Palearctic: towards an action plan for eradication 1999–2002. Council of Europe Publication T- PVS/Birds (99)9, Strasbourg IUCN (2009) Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. www.iucnredlist.org Kershaw M, Hughes B (2002) The Winter Status and Distribution of Ruddy Ducks in the UK 1966/67–1999/2000. Report to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs McCracken KG, Harshman J, Sorensen MD, Johnson KP (2000) Are Ruddy Ducks and Whiteheaded Ducks the same species? Brit. Birds 93: 396–398 Morley E (2003) Parliamentary Statement on Ruddy Duck control by the Parliamentary Under- Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. The Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, London, 3 March 2003 Muñoz-Fuentes V, Green AJ, Sorensen MD, Negro JJ, Vilà, C (2006) The Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis in Europe: natural colonization or human introduction? Molecular Ecology 15:1441–1453 Torres JA (2003) Las Malvasías cordobesas veinticinco años después. Diputación de Córdoba, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Protección Civil Wetlands International (2006) Waterbird Population Estimates. 4th edn. Wetlands International, Wageningen Iain Henderson The Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ 24 29/2010
Managing Biodiversity Risks of Biofuels – Biological Invasions Geoffrey W. Howard The world-wide movement to produce biofuels as substitutes for reducing stocks of fossil fuels has resulted in many plantations in developing countries of introduced plants used as feedstocks for production systems. Amongst the negative impacts of establishing biofuel production systems in single-species plantations is the probability that they will result in biological invasions by the introduced plants if they “escape” from the production area. IUCN initiated a programme to investigate the likelihood of this happening in Eastern and Southern Africa and, after two significant consultations with biofuel producers, government regulators, invasive species experts and concerned conservationists, developed a series of recommendations on how to reduce or eliminate the risk of possible invasions by the introduced plants. The result was a series of recommendations and best practice which will enhance the existing advice on prevention of invasions of the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels. The process and outputs of those consultations are described and links to their details provided. Introduction and background During the 9 th Conference of Parties of the Convention on Biological Diversity (held in Bonn, Germany in May, 2008), the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) hosted a Press Briefing on Biofuels and Invasive Species and released a small information document entitled “Biofuel Crops and the Use of Non-Native Species”. The gathering was addressed by the Chairman of the GISP Board, Dr Dennis Rangi, and by GISP partners from CABI, IUCN and The Nature Conservancy. They presented possible problems of biological invasions from plants introduced from outside a particular area that would be used as feedstocks for biofuel plantations – especially in developing countries, and then contributed some solutions to this problem. The result was a plethora of press articles across the world and much debate about whether this was really a significant risk and what could be done about it – especially as large areas of land were being purchased in Africa, Asia and Latin America for the development of biofuel plantations at that time. GISP responded by publicising the information document (GISP, 2008) and encouraging the preparation of a technical paper on the subject which was subsequently published in Biodiversity Business (Howard G & Ziller S, 2008) later that year. This presented the possible problems as well as ways to avoid them and suggested that Weed Risk Assessment should become a standard practice when deciding upon the kind of biofuel feedstock to select for a production system. IUCN, through its Business and Biodiversity Programme and its Invasive Species Initiative, decided to take this further and to assist the Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels to develop specific guidance for the selection and management of biofuel plantations to avoid the possibility of plant invasions from the feedstocks involved. A proposal was made to the David and Lucile Packard Foundation which generously agreed to fund a one-year set of activities to prepare some of the guidance suggested. This was to be done by gathering information and advice and discussing this in the Eastern and Southern African region with interested parties, experts and biofuel producers. This region was chosen for the discussions because of the rapidly expanding biofuel industry developing in that part of Africa at the time. The Process – Workshop One The first activity of the one-year project was to commission a background document which would define the terms and the topic and give general information necessary for an informed discussion about this topic. Dr John Mauremootoo was asked to prepare such a document (IUCN, 2009a) which was finalized in March, 2009 and distributed to the participants who had meanwhile been invited to the first <strong>Aliens</strong> 25
Page 2 and 3: Coordinator Piero Genovesi, ISSG Ch
Page 4 and 5: News from the ISSG The Invasive Spe
Page 6 and 7: sity. The document was signed in a
Page 8 and 9: Conference on Island Invasives; era
Page 10 and 11: • Prioritising the issue of invas
Page 12 and 13: invasion of North American beaver (
Page 14 and 15: Figure 4. Beaver effects in Tierra
Page 16 and 17: dicated beaver eradication on mainl
Page 18 and 19: Parkes J, Paulson J, Donlan J, Camp
Page 20 and 21: Figure 3. NARD Male Photo: Mark Hul
Page 22 and 23: ut that control at a larger scale w
Page 24 and 25: Ruddy Ducks in Europe - the current
Page 28 and 29: workshop. This was held at the offi
Page 30 and 31: These are: 1. Follow a precautionar
Page 32 and 33: development of new sustainable crop
Page 34 and 35: on footprint and regional environme
Page 36 and 37: Introduced rats on Guafo Island (Ch
Page 38 and 39: Contrary to the New Zealand and Aus
Page 40 and 41: Gaze P (2000) The response of a col
Page 42 and 43: Eradication of invasive Mynas from
Page 44 and 45: Working strategy The working strate
Page 46 and 47: • FT - Funnel Trap. A rectangular
Page 48 and 49: irds are in the segment between 83,
Page 50 and 51: “Field IT for East Africa”: tra
Page 52 and 53: tensified predation by M. salmoides
Page 54 and 55: “Beaufort Scale” for bioinvasio
Page 56 and 57: ing of the level of bioinvasion imp
Page 58 and 59: References: Dvorˇák L, Čejka T (
Page 60 and 61: areas, which combine native and exo
Page 62 and 63: Further information can be obtained

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