Burma : A Handbook of Practical Information - Khamkoo

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476 BURMA to Government Rs.3000. Chief, Hkun Ping-nya, a Sawbwa, aged twenty-seven, a Shan and a Buddhist. The state is for the great part a mass of hills, but there is a fair amount of rice-land along the Nam Hpilu. The population is very mixed, and includes Shans, Karens of many clans, and Padaungs, as well as Taungthu. The capital, Kaung-i, lies in the hills some miles from the Hpilu River, but Hpai6n on that stream is the chief place in the state. North-eastern and South-eastern Sub-divisions. — (26) Liahka (Burmese L^gya) [North-eastern Sub-division]. — Area 1433 square miles. Population 25,811. Gross revenue Rs.22,701. Tribute payable to Government Rs.8500. Chief, Hkun Lai, a Sawbwa, aged forty-nine in 1908, a Shan and a Buddhist. He has the K.S.M. decoration. No heir has yet been recognised by Government. The general character of the state is that of an undulating plateau, wtih a broad plain near the capital and along the Nam Teng, with a general altitude of 3000 feet. About seven-ninths of the land under cultivation consists of wet paddy cultivation. Iron is found in the state, and various implements are manufactured and exported. Lacquer ware is also made in considerable quantities. The population is chiefly Shan, but there are a considerable number of Yang, of all three clans. (27) Mongkilng (Burmese Maingkaing) [North-eastern subdivision].—Area 1643 square miles. Population 30,482. Gross revenue Rs. 3 1,455. Tribute payable to Government Rs. 1 2,500. Chief, Hkun Mong, a Myosa, aged thirtyfour in 1908, a Shan and a Buddhist. He is decorated with the K.S.M. There is a wide expanse of wet rice cultivation round the capital, but the rest of the state is hilly, and in the north-west there is some teak forest, while the range to the west of the town is covered with dense vegetation. The bulk of the population is Shan, but there are Palaungs and Yangs in various parts. The potter}- made in the state has some reputation, and is widely exported. (28) Mongtiai (Burmese Mone) [South-eastern Sub-division]. — Area 2717 square miles. Population 44,552. Gross revenue Rs.45,744. Tribute payable to Government Rs. 1 6,500. Chief, The Honourable Hkun Kye, a Sawbwa, aged sixty in 1908, a Shan and a Buddhist. He is a CLE. and K.S.M., wears the Delhi Durbar medal, has a salute of
STATISTICS OP SHAN STATES 477 nine guns, and has been a member of the Burma Legislative Council. His nephew, Hkun Kyaw Sam, is the heir recognised by Government. The main state and the sub-state of King Tawng consist of two plains with a ridge between them. There is much flat paddy bottom, but a considerable portion consists of gently undulating plain-land at heights of over 3000 feet. The tobacco of Nawng Wawp has a considerable reputation, and Shan paper is exported in some quantity. The population is Shan, with many villages of the three Yang tribes. There are teak forests in Mongnai, but they have been greatly overworked. An American Baptist Mission is established in the capital, and has a school and dispensary, which do good work. (29) Mawkmai (Burmese Maukme) [South-eastern Subdivision]. — Area 2787 square miles. Population 29,454. Gross revenue Rs.38,519. Tribute payable to Government Rs. 14,000. Chief, Hkun Leng, a minor Sawbwa, aged eighteen in 1908, a Shan and a Buddhist. He is a pupil at the School for the Sons of Shan Chiefs in Taung-gyi. The central portion of the state consists of a wide plain, well-watered, and under rice cultivation. There are smaller plains in various parts of the state, and the rest is chiefly hills in ranges running north and south. There is a good deal of teak in the state, but parts have been much overworked. Very good native cured tobacco is produced in the Langko district. Two-thirds of the population are Shan, and the bulk of the remainder Taungthu. There are also Burmese, Yang Sek, and Karen-ni. (30) MongPawn (Burmese Maingpun) [South-eastern Subdivision]. — Area 371 square miles. Population 13,148. Gross revenue Rs.13,364. Tribute payable to Government Rs.4500. Chief, Hkun Hti, a Sawbwa, aged sixty in 1908, a Shan and a Buddhist. He is a K.S.M., and wears the Delhi Durbar medal. The state is a long strip down the course of the Nam Pawn, with occasional lakes of paddy cultivation. The remainder is mountainous. The population is chiefly Shan, but there are many Yang and Palaung villages. The Government cart road to the Salween passes through the capital. (31) Mong Si£ (Burmese Maingselk) [North-eastern Subdivision]. — Area 303 square miles. Population 9913. Gross revenue Rs. 12,046. Tribute payable to Government
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Cornell University Library DS 527.4
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BURMA
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BURMA: A Handbook OF Practical Info
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PUBLISHER'S NOTE For convenience of
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viii CONTENTS PART V Religion— pa
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X LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS A Gathering
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2 BURMA Pointj in 9° 55' north lat
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4 BURMA some parts of the Northern
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fi BURMA The Kachin Hills.— The K
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8 BURMA Delta districts are Tliarra
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10 BURMA the borders of Muug Nai an
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12 BURMA west fairly regular!}' alo
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14 BURMA sobriety to the confluence
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16 BURMA soutli, and takes the name
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18 13TTRMA blasting the rapids beyo
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LAKES Id of so great a size as the
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THE SOUTHERN' SHRINE OF THE SHWE DA
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RANGOON 21 and is so referred to by
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H D O Mt'f^ w Q ^5 J < < Q Z iiWl
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24 BURMA a good deal of teak and ri
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.•^rjr-^fjr^
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26 BURMA Temperatures much over 80
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28 BURMA of the province^ and by on
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30 BURMA Of tlie curious Pangolins,
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32 BUKMA birds and the Flower-pecke
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34 BURMA the species are identical
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3G BURMA first section of this fami
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38 BURMA is easily recognised by th
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40 BURMA great niiinbers, on the wa
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42 BURMA like stems species of Conv
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44 BURMA are scanty in such forests
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40 BURMA tlie liills bordering the
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48 BURMA HooKERj J. D., and Thomson
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50 BURMA fossils within the peninsu
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52 BUKMA Here and there on the edge
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54. BURMA water would be liiglily b
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56 BURMA centage of ash, which is l
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58 BURMA the colour which is specia
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60 BURMA Lead, copper, and antimony
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63 BURMA are as much stranp;ers as
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— 64 BURMA Tliis accounts for the
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66 BURMA in Chinese learning, can d
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68 BURMA of 10,543. The men dress l
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70 BURMA the Aralfan Hill tracts, a
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72 BURMA taking life. They greet ea
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t4 BURMA the bells in the palace, t
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7fl BURMA of beauty without the pos
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78 BURMA so does a quail on the jaw
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80 BURMA Ma Hmwe Thin, Miss Fragran
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82 BURMA pect theii" son to stay at
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MAKRIAGE 83 eulogistic rather than
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COUNTRY-LOVING 85 that the Cumia de
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IMMIGRATION 87 from Madras and Beng
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o g £ u o X
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90 BURMA roofing, because it saves
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92 BURMA tliey give themselves, and
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.h f^ ^ ^'v mf^j»^kj^^:W^^\iL:.'%
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94 BURMA however, have not the comm
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a, D O o
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96 BURMA The La'hu or Mu-hso.—The
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MKXG OR MIAO-TZU.
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98 BURMA gear. Tlie women -wear lar
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100 BURMA the piUars; but tliere is
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' " s'v .•..'!' -^ .:'!« AKHA (K
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102 BURMA All tho women let the lia
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104 BURMA a (Treat deal of unnecess
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106 BURMA under the cliav^c of a po
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108 BURMA flisappeavance from our l
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no BURMA are certainly wrong. There
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112 BURMA very clear that the Tai h
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114 BURMA was introJuced long befor
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Y. •J Y.
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— 116 BURMA the Burmese. Goitre i
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113 nURMA anthorilieR r!o not agree
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120 BUJ^MA Kekawngduj may, like the
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A MYOSA (kAREX) with HIS WIFE (daXi
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122 BURMA of black cord or lacquere
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ENDOGAINIY 123 Like all hill women,
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PADAUKGS 125 to know wliere he shou
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Si:' ^i**:?^---' -=r-^ L,.^"^ )£s-
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128 BURMA the Klmssi of Central Ass
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130 BURMA objected to tliis ofTspri
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132 BURMA number reUirned was 67,7/
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WA 133 Silver eav-vings antl banjjl
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A "TAIIE" \VA DAXCE.
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136 BURMA not extending to 3 acres,
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138 BURMA Villages,— W'a villages
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RIANG TRIBES 130 known by their Sli
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i C^ 2^^ y. < b O a, D O OS a
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DANAW 141 for the study of tlie Mun
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SELUNG 143 bees-wax, which they get
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COMMISSIONERS 145 to certain areas,
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w X o H M < o K O < a, W
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GOVERNMENT OFFICERS 147 is under a
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VILLAGE HEADMEN 149 were done away
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REVENUE SYSTEM 151 ment. Tlie usual
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A SAlvnn-A AT HIS HAW (r'.\r,.\CE)
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154 BURMA St'ites, with other parti
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o =
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L5G BURMA ion, which rarely exceed
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158 BURMA February and June ; and t
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160 BURMA ministration is the maint
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1G2 BURISIA and write. The number o
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164 BURMA to receive them, to assis
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1G6 BURMA is rather to ,'issist. re
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1G8 BURMA make progress. IJnth ilip
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170 BURMA This was in tile lifetime
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172 BURMA Anawrat'a ininierliatflv
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ROYAL CHRONICLE 173 but he brought
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SHi^N KINGS IN BURMA 175 common Bur
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INVASION OF SIAM 177 the Kaliniiiil
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WAR WITH SIAM 179 liad not only uni
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TRIBUTE TO CHINA 181 neglect of Peg
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FOUNDING OF RANGOON 183 to collect
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CHINESE INVASIONS 185 retreat of tl
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CONQUEST OF AEAKAN 187 At the same
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DESIGNS ON INDIA 189 The Indian Gov
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WAR WITH BRITATN 191 Sir Archibald
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WAE WITH BRITAIN 193 onlilv.-es, an
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TREATY OF AVA iur> ing the portion
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SECOND WAR WITH BRITAIN 197 fiirtli
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BRITISH MISSION TO AVA 199 Mindon M
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IVnIli 5- SkcilQ KIXG THIBAW AND QU
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202 BUHMA in Rfingonii in the sprin
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204 BURMA jn-oposed, jirepaiMlions
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20G BURMA meiit, partly because of
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208 BURMA tion is steadily spreadin
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210 BITUMA ami waits .ill tlitoii!>
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212 BURMA and sdn-sa iigfipi, wliic
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214 BURMA last is foiiml only in th
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21G BURMA disposal of this work bro
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218 BURMA portance, though it was o
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220 BURMA These forests are greatly
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EVERGREEN FORESTS 221 grcgate conta
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HILL VEGETATION 223 to confine itse
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FOREST DEPARTMENT 225 apparently in
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FOREST RESEHVATION 'I'l Taimgya Sys
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MINOR PRODUCE 22') tisf;ne lietwccn
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RESULTS OF RESERVATION 231 aiul con
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RUBY MINING 233 were then in operat
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RUBY MINING 235 working, and to ni.
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TETROLEUM 2G7 Petroleum.—The petr
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o D y. < w w o
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240 BURMA a depth of 500 feet, and
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242 BURMA only pieces of indifferen
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244 BURMA They charge the purchaser
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246 BURMA opposite sides of the sha
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248 BURMA others the man\ifactuve i
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250 BURIVIA blast. As the sulphur i
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252 BURMA Burma it is very differen
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254 BURMA the women thrust them int
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o =
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256 BURMA in Kyanks6, and two in Mi
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258 BURMA of holes in the dry weath
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260 BURMA fire, and smoulder till t
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2fi2 BURMA produce. 3. Tlic Asu-pon
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264 BURMA cm-rent vate, but in the
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266 BURMA cliauk, dry tea, and is c
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2G8 BURMA })y the Cliinese, Avliicl
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'270 BURMA The afl\if e of an exper
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272 BURMA weaver, which are connect
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274 BURMA made blaclc by smearing t
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276 BURMA tlie Irrawaddy Delta, Lat
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278 BURMA there is now no manner of
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280 BURMA two-tliirds of the gi-oss
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282 BURMA largest and richest firms
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284 BTTRMA was imicli l)c]ow the no
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286 BtlRMA lessors wii^ on,i cdetn.
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288 BTJRMA made from native-grown s
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290 BURMA from that year on the fig
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292 ]BURMA the market by their f^ve
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2f)4 BURMA not exceed the average o
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296 BURMA is no distinct indication
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298 BURMA at Mogaung, and taken by
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WATEHAVAYS 299 the left bank a few
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WATERWAYS 801 the Tcunas- a complet
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RAILWAYS 303 week from Rangoon to M
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RAIT.WAYS 305 January 1898. Tlie fi
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ROADS PA)7 All the railways in Buim
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ROADS 309 tliem are now in use, exc
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CURRENCY 311 planted in nests of pa
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CURRENCY 313 housCj digs a tank, or
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FINANCE 315 In 1871 Lord Miiyo's go
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FINANCIAL PHOSPERITY 317 the net su
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— — ; WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 319
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 321 There is a
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 323 double han
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PART IV ARCHEOLOGY—ARCHITECTURE
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ARCHAEOLOGY 327 in cliavacter in tl
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PAGODAS AT M(jXG HENG. !^J^¥^
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330 BURMA The erection of such a sh
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ARCHITECTURE S31 in Burma and to de
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THE MODERN ORXATE STYLE OF PAGODA.
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m uuhma palaces, of Shan chiefs, wh
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o s
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836 BURMA still existing in India i
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338 BURMA mark the approach to it.
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310 BURMA a remnant of North-Indian
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342 BURMA mostly in the Square Pali
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344 BURMA mythological or heraldic
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346 BURMA In all the important piec
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348 BURMA colours used are so delic
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350 BURMA Many Burmese women carry
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352 BUIlMi\ Burmese Music and Music
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Andante. 1. Nga-bouk-kyu than j^^-J
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Alleoretto 5. KOUNG - GIN - KyO 1 ,
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Andantino ii.Khain pan-s5n. pryj^jm
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MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS 353 generally c
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o y, 'A fa O D O
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356 BURMA Another kind of harp corr
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PART V RELIGION Buddhism Statistici
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360 BURMA under the pipul-tree at B
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302 BURMA not idols; tliey are not
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364 BURMA forbidding the individual
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366 BURMA of the foredoomed hunter,
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3G8 BURMA town has grown round them
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370 BURMA but is apt to rnerjfe int
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EVENING DEVOTIONS 371 intelligent i
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RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE 373 siderable i
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STRICT RULES AS TO WOMEN 375 of ful
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MODERN SECTS 877 manded a new ordin
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THE BUDDHIST ROBE 379 ciipiscence ;
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UDDIIISM AND SPIRITS 381 tile mount
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ANTHROPOMORPHIC SPIRITS 88'^ the he
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BUDDHISM AND BRAHMANS 885 direct te
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SACRIFICES 887 STicli as boiled fow
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SERPENT WORSHIP 389 dryads and hama
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ANIMISM 391 never admit, either to
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THE SOUL BUTTERFLY 393 ligion" some
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CROP SPIRITS 895 of Charon and Rlia
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REASONS FOU HEAD-IIUNTlNCx 397 vill
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THE STYGIAN FLOOD 399 wliich broods
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ATTCURTES 401 and so tlie hnbit of
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^"UIMBER OF ANIMTSTS 403 Census Ret
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FETICHISM 405 adapt liimself to mod
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BARBAUTC PHILOSOPHY 407 marry, thou
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NON-PROFESSIONAL RELIGION 400 Final
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TONES 41 very didiciilt for him to
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WRITING 41.3 lationship of each to
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OEDER OF WOEDS 415 Besides these fi
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PICTURESQUE EXPRESSIONS 417 and in
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LEAF-MANUSCRIPTS 410 sometimes cai-
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STAGE PLAYS 421 Zats, or avatar tal
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SERMON ON BEATITUDES 423 ncibhaii,
Page 517 and 518: A DRAMATIC TALE 423 Thus bhe Zanekk
Page 519 and 520: STORY OF ZANEKKA 427 termined to en
Page 521 and 522: STORY OP ZANEKICA 429 glad faces ;
Page 523 and 524: stohy of zanekka 431 of State, troo
Page 525 and 526: STORY OF 2ANEKKA 4^.0 lie, "of alwa
Page 527 and 528: A IIISTOKICAL TAT.E 435 of the sorb
Page 529 and 530: A HISTORICAL TALE 437 Kiiic, but si
Page 531 and 532: A HISTOmCAL TALE 439 on this date a
Page 533 and 534: — : A HISTORICAL TALE 441 the Kin
Page 535 and 536: SONG-FORMS 443 tongs), because they
Page 537 and 538: A BURMESE LOVE-SONG 4i5 Dewa daiigl
Page 539 and 540: ANTIPHONAL SINGING 447 five syllabl
Page 541 and 542: A BURMESE NOVEL 419 years ago. This
Page 543 and 544: THE IREAWADDY VALLEY 451 but usuall
Page 545 and 546: THE REAL RURIMA 453 tickets and dec
Page 547 and 548: THE REAL BURMA 455 be found mast us
Page 549 and 550: SOME USEFUL HINTS 457 Those who arr
Page 551 and 552: SPORT 459 Shall States. In the Shan
Page 553 and 554: DIVISIONS AND DISTRICTS 461 verse t
Page 555 and 556: DIVISIONS AND DISTRICTS 4G3 l)'ing
Page 557 and 558: DIVISIONS AND DISTRICTS 465 plain p
Page 559 and 560: DIVISIONS AND DISTRICTS 467 Headqna
Page 561 and 562: DIVISIONS AND DISTRICTS 469 centre
Page 563 and 564: STATISTICS OP SHAN STATES 471 The s
Page 565 and 566: STATISTICS OF SHAN STATES 473 aged
Page 567: STATISTICS or SHAN STATES 475 Myosa
Page 571 and 572: STATISTICS OP SHAN STATES 479 (35)
Page 573 and 574: STATISTICS OE SHAN STATES 481 son,
Page 575 and 576: STATISTICS OF SHAN STATES 483 many
Page 577: STATISTICS OP SHAN STATES 485 admin
Page 581 and 582: APPENDIX III LIST OF THE COMMONER B
Page 583 and 584: English LIST OF BIRDS 489 BI RDS
Page 585 and 586: English TvIST OF BIRDS 49] BIRDS
Page 587 and 588: English Carps, including the Malisi
Page 589 and 590: LIST or INSECTS 495 INSECTS, MOLLUS
Page 591 and 592: LIST OF PLANTS LIST OF COMMON TREES
Page 594 and 595: 500
Page 596 and 597: 502
Page 598 and 599: 504
Page 600 and 601: 506
Page 602 and 603: &od SURMA Sandstone Sapphire GEOLOG
Page 604 and 605: 510 - BURMA Bastian. Literature. Vi
Page 607 and 608: Abui Yaza, i6o Administration, grow
Page 609 and 610: Density of population, 85 Deprecati
Page 611 and 612: Land i-evenufi System, difference f
Page 613 and 614: Rice exported, amount of, 283 Kice
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