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KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING: PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES Proceedings of the International Conference on Knowledge Engineering, Principles and Techniques, KEPT2009 Cluj-Napoca (Romania), July 2–4, 2009, pp. 194–197 RAPID PROTOTYPING OF CONVERSATIONAL WEB FLOWS I. LAZĂR, S. MOTOGNA, AND B. PÂRV(1) Abstract. In this paper we present a rapid prototyping development approach for conversational web flows based on Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). Prototypes are defined as executable UML models. In order to ensure simple and fast definition of UML models, we apply the DRY (“don’t repeat yourself”) principle and the concept of “convention over configuration”. Update transformations in the small may be applied on model elements in order to rapidly create new elements based on some conventions. 1. Introduction Prototyping refers to a development approach centered on developing prototypes (executable model of a system that reflects a subset of its properties) early in the development process, to allow early feedback and analysis [4]. Prototyping techniques based on MDA rely on using the UML and profiles. Today, the effort of defining a standard execution semantics for UML enters the final state of adoption through Foundational UML (fUML) which defines a “basic virtual machine for the UML” [7]. The proposed solution is a prototyping approach for conversational web flows based on the following techniques. The model prototypes are captured as executable fUML models [7] and conform to iComponent profile [6]. For simple and fast definition of fUML models we use model transformations [3] for generating new elements based on existing best practices for developing web applications. After this introductory section, the next one presents iComponent profile, the third section describes our rapid prototyping method, and the last one draws conclusions and future development plans. 2. iComponent Profile iComponent (injected component) [6] has been designed as a platform-independent component model for service-oriented applications (SOA). Recently, we have extended iComponent for prototyping SOA on OSGi platform [5] by adding new stereotypes for domain classes and Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectures - see Figure 1. A short description of this profile is given below (see [5]). 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. 68U07, 68U20, 68U35. Key words and phrases. rapid system prototyping, conversational web flow, executable UML, contextual component, dependency injection. 194 c○2009 Babe¸s-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca
RAPID PROTOTYPING OF CONVERSATIONAL WEB FLOWS 195 Figure 1. iComponent Profile Extract Entity and id can be used to mark instances from domain that have identity. View corresponds to the view part of an MVC architecture and controllers are defined as simple components having behavioral elements marked as actions. For binding data between actions and views we use the context abstraction [2], and the bijection mechanism [1] which is a generalization of the dependency injection as follows. Whenever a component’s action is invoked, values from the contexts are injected into the properties of the component being invoked, and also “outjected” from the component’s properties back to the contexts. In this paper we add new stereotypes for modeling two contexts of web applications: the request context and the conversation context which represent instances required for processing a request, respectively a conversation. A conversation is a unit of work from the point of view of the user and can span across multiple requests. For instance, registering a new customer can be designed as a conversation composed of two separate requests, submitting the account information and then the personal details. RequestScope and ConversationScope are used to associate components and their properties to these contexts. Information flow direction must be specified using in and out stereotypes. View properties can be marked as input properties - for entering data, or as output properties - for displaying data. The model part of MVC is represented by all instances associated to the request and conversation contexts. By convention, a view property is either directly mapped to a context property, or indirectly using a selection expression written in OCL. 3. Development Approach Each of the following subsections describes a step of our prototyping approach on a simple case study for registering a new customer. A. Create a new action. A creation wizard [3] can be used to rapidly create a new action. Figure 2 - (a) presents the result of this creation process for a new index action and a new Home owner component: a Home component type associated to the RequestScope is created, an index operation is added which is described by an empty index activity (not shown in Figure 2); an Index view is also created and a simple out welcome property is associated to the request context. Now we can run the model prototype, select a controller and then execute an action; a view is selected in order to render the response - by convention, a view with the same name as the action. B. Create domain classes. Entities and value objects can be created using any UML tool. We establish their properties and then run a generation wizard for
Page 1 and 2: Invited Lectures CONTENTS H. Horace
Page 3 and 4: P. V. Borza, O. Gui, D. Dumitrescu,
Page 5: F. M. Boian, C. Aldea, On Evaluatin
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A PARALLELIZATION SCHEME OF SOME AL
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KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING: PRINCIPLES A
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THE MULTI-OBJECTIVE REFACTORING SEL
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VIRTUAL REALITY REHABILITATION ENVI
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