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^ J A N U A R Y , 3^ monthly to each curate as much as is alcaldes, are all Indians os the hest caoecessary feor his subsistence. and when parities, and are in effect only fo many they want any thing extraordinary their overseers, appointed by the curate, and wants are supply 'd upon application to dignified with these empty titles. bim. But the Chiqaitas maintain their Every town ha^ts armoury, or maown curates. In every town tharc is gazine, in which are lodged the fire a plantation Set apart for the m urate- arms and other weapons, wherewith nance of the curate, W hich is cultivated the militia are armed when they take hv the joint labour of all the inhabitants. the held, to repel the irruptions oSthe The produce of these plantations isge- Fortnguest and wild Indians. The minerals more than Sufficient for the Inia are very dextrous and expert in subsistence osthe curates, and the Sur- the management oS their arms, and are plus is sold to buy ornaments for the exercised on the eves os festivals in the churches. Squares or public places of the towns. Nor are the curates the Spiritual rec- The militia is composed of all those tors of the towns only. they are also in who are able to bear arms, they are effect the civil governors. It is true formed into companies which have eacb there are in every town of the missions, a proper nuniberaif officers chosen from a governor, regidores, and alcaldes, as amongst those who are most distinguishthere are in other towns and cities un- ed for judgment and conduct. Tho der the Spanish government. But tho' drefs oSthe officers is rich, adorned with the gswernor is elected by the Indians, gold and silver, and the device oS tho be must he approved by the curate be- town to whicb they belong : they al- Sore he enters upon bis office. nor can ways appear in their uniforms on sestibe chastize or punish delinquents with- vals and on. the days of military exercise. out the curate's permission. The cu- The governor, alcaldes, and regidorea tafeexamins those who are accused of have also proper rohes and dresses Suioffences, and, is he finvSs them guilty, table to their respective offices in which delivers them to the governor to be they appear on public occasions. punished, according to the nature and There are schools in every town in quality of the offence committed. which the common people are taught He sometimes orders them to be im- reading and writing. and alio musick priSoned Sor a few days, sometimes to and dancing. In which arts they befast, and when the fault is considerable, come very skillful : The Jesuits are very to be whipped, which is the severest pu- careful in consulting the natural bent nishmcntthat is ever inflicted. Forthe and genius of their scholars and in deregulations and instructions of the cu- recting their studies and application aerates have been So efficacious, that mur- Cordingly. The lads oS the most proder and Such like henions crimes ate ne- masinggeniua are taught theL.altiutongue ver here committed. And even before with great Success. In one of the court they undergo these gentle corrections, yards of every curates house are varithe curate discourses the offenders in a ous shops or work houses of painters. mild friendly manner, and endeavours carvers, gilders, silver-fmitha, carpetloexcise in them a due sense of their ters, weavers, and a bookmakers, and crime and of the ill consequences that of several tot her mechanicks and artlnnght flow from it, and to convince aant, who daily work for the publick them that they merit a much greater under the direction of the coadjutors. punishment than ia inflicted. This mild and at the fame time teach the youth treatment prevents tumults and inlitf their respective arts, and occupations. rectaona, and acquires the curates uni- The churches are large, well built. verlal veneration and esteem. The al- finely decorated and er,lightened, and caldesare chosen annually by the regi- not inferior to the richest in Peru, Each ^^s ; The goveaôr, regidores,. and church has a choir oI musi^, compos,
St^'C M A G ly 2 1 N 2 of M A G A Z I N E ed os instruments os all Sorts, and very good voices, So that divine service is celebrated here with as much pomp and Solemnity as in cathedrals : nor are the publick process's lefs Splendid, eS. pecially that oS the host, which, whenever it is carried abroad, is attended by the go^rncs. alcaides, and regidores, in their robes, and also by the militia in a budy. The henses oS the Indians are as well hiiilt and as well Surnish'd as most oS the Spanish houses in Peru. The greatest part indeed have mudwafls, others are b rilt with brick, and Some with Stone, b it all are cover'd with liles. In every town there is an house where gunpowder is. made, that they may never want it when they are obliged to take arms, and always have it ready to make artificial fireworks on rejoemg days : Sor all festivals are here observed with as great ceremony and exactness as indhe greatest cities. Upon the proclamation of a new king of Spain, the governor , alcaldes, regidores, and offcers of the militia, appear dressed in new robes and uniforms of a different fashion Srom thole they wore beSore. There is a Sort oS a convent in esery town, one part whereof are confined women of an ill life, and the other part is destined for the reception of married women. who have no family, and who retire thither when their husbands are abSent : For the maintenance of this house, and sor the support of orphans, and of old .and infirm people, all the inhabitants of the town work two days in every week, and the profits of their I about, which is called, the labour of the eemmUn.'tyt arc Set apart for this purpose. lithe produce of this labour be more than is necessary for therr subfi. fierce, the Surplus is laid out to buy ecrnameiits Sorthe churches, and clashes for the orphans and aged and infirm people; fo that here are ro beggars, r or any who want the necessaries of life. in short, by the wise policy and prudent regulations oS the Jesuits, the whole ootnmutlry enjeoys peace and happiness. The Guaranles are So preside and negligent, that the curates are obliged to take into their hands all their goods and stuffs as Soon as they are manufactured and made ready for Sale, otherwise they would waste and destroy them and not he able to maintain themselves. The Chiquitos. on the contrary, are diligent and Srugal, So that the curates have no other trouble with them than the assisting them in the disposal os their goods, and procuring returns for them. For this purpose, the Society keeps a factor or procurator at Sauta Fie and. Buenos Airres, to whom the merchandize oS the missions is sent to be disposed of^ and these factors return the value to the fathers in Such forts of European commodities as are wanted The goods os esery town are kept Separate, and the royal taxes are taken out os thens without any other discounts, or allowances, fave the stipends of the curates of Guarauitr, and the pensions of s h e caciques. The fathers choose to manage the commerce of their subjects ttemSelves, lest they should contract vices by their communication with othcr people. In this refpect the fathers are so careful that they will nnt foster any of the people of Pern, whether they be Spaniards, Mistices or Indians, to enter into the territories ofthe missions. They fay that the Indians are bait just recovered from a barbarous and dissolute way oS lafe, and that their manners are now pure and innocent, but that if strangers were suffer'd to come among them, the Indians would foon grt acquainted with people of loose lives ; and as theGnaranirs especially are very prone to vice, wickedness, disorder, and rebellion, would foon be inlreiduced, the society would lose all the fouls they have converted, and their little repoblick would be utterly subverted However there are some who Sufpect that these are all Specious pretences. and that the Society's real motive Sor prohibiting all intercourse with strangers, is the Sear of rivals in the beneficial com^ meroe of Paraguay, winch is now entirely in lheit hands. Natural
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