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T H ^
M a g a z i n e o f M a ^ a z i n c ^
^om^iled from
W I T H
^ ^ T R A C T s from. Iilte most c e l c l ^ c ^ ^ O O K ^
A N D
P E R I O D I C A L C O M P O S I T I O N S ,
^ttbIl^ed m ^ ^ ^ l^e YEAR ^DCCLIIL^
The Whole forming
c o m ^ l e ^ ^ ^
ACCOUNT J^flSdd.
VOL. V.
FlHted b^! ^lldfoF ANDREW MDCCLH1.

T U ^
M a ^ a z i n ^ o f M a ^ a z i n ^
EOF J A N U A R Y 1 7 ^ .
V ^ L. V .
HIS noble and renouned maid of honour to the dutches' of York,
^ personage was born on the became t'ne favourite of king James II.
24ch day of May, i6^o, by whom he had the duke osBerwick^.
at .^h in thecounty oS De- Horery Fitz James, commonly called the:
von. His father was Sir Grand Frior, and two daughters, (i^
Wirsian Churchd, of Wootton Becstet, in Henrietta, married to Henry lord Waldthc
county of Wilts, descended from the grave; and a nun, Henreitia
celebrated warrior Gitton de Leon, whoSe was afterwarels married to colonel ChargrandSon
Roger de Courcll or Churchi/, les Goofrey. It was by the interest of
accompany lay William duke as Nor- this filter that John was introduced to
maudy in his conquest of Enghrnd in James duke of York, and admitted to
io66, fettled his family at the lord- court in quality of a page of honour.
ship of Churchi/ in Somersetshire, upon and at the age ofsixteen was promote^
the lands given to him by the conquer- to a pair of colours in. the royal regiot,
in reward for his services. His ment of foot guards. An employmother
was E/inabeth daughter of Sir tnentto which his genius was naturally
John Drake, of Ash aforesaid ; who adapted ; of which our young officer
brought to Sir Wsastan, Seven Scons, (i) gave early proofs, first at the reliefot
Winstan, who died young. (2) John, Tangier, besieged by the moors. Thia
our h5ro. (3) George, an admiral, that recommended him to a company in
died a batchelor. (4) Charler. a briga- the Duke of Monmouth's own regimen^
dier general, who left no issue. in the Dutch wars ;in which post ho
Montjoy and (lr) Jasper. who died mi- assisted in the taking of Nimegaaeu, in
tiors, and (7^ Theibald, who entered 1672, and defcrv'd the regard of the
into holy orders and died a batchelor King of France, and Marshall Turenne.
iti 1685. And sour daughters, Doro- who distinguished him by the stile of
thy, May, Barbara, wlso all died young, the haua^ome Englishman. But at the
and Arabeshs, who alter being made a fre^e of Aldesteicht, delended by i ocoo
VOL. V. A . ^ ' n^r,

^ ^ M A G A 2 l N of M A G A ^ l N E
men, be gain'd so much aoplauSe, both
for his conduct and courage in the attack
of the connterscarpe, which was allowed
to be one of the most defperace
attempts ever knc .Vn, being wounded
at the head of his grenadiers, that he
received the French King's acknowledgement
ofhis Services ; and it gain'd him
tire commission oS a lieutenant-culonel
in Sir Charles Littleton's regiment, at
the recommendation as the Duke of
Monmouth, who commanding in that
attack, told King Charles that he owed
his life to the bravery of captain
Churchill.
On his return to England the Duke as
York also made him gentleman ofhis
bedchamber, and master ofhis robes ;
in 1679 cartied him into Flanders ; and
.in taking him into Scotland pet
great confidence in him, and madehim
colonel of dragoons. The next year
he married Sarah, daughter of Richard
Jennings, of Sanashridge in Ilerifore^hire,
aged twenty -one. And in ac-
companied the duke of dork a Second
lime to Scotland; in which voyage he
nartowly eScaped with his own life, on
the ship side ready to fink, by guarding
the boat for his master, which othcrwiSe
must have Sunk with the great
numbers that endeavoured to leap into
it , his highness, upon their return to
court, obtained for him the title of baron
of Ey mouth or Armotith in Scotbind,
and the third troop of guards. But
thefe were only an earnest of his pairon's
Savours. For theduke no Sotsner
succeeded to his brother Charles's crown,
than he confirmed the haton in all his
posts and employments ; constituted
bira high steward os the borough oSSt.
Aehan .• Sent him to notify to the king
of France his accession to the throne of
Great Britain .• and at his return created
him. on May 15, i685, a peer of
England, by the stile and title of baron
Churthe'/l of Sand^ridge in Ilertserastrite.
This honour v. as followed with the addition
of a neyv commission, that raised
him to the degree os brigadier gentral
oshit majesty's surges in the west^
ordered to march against the duke of
Monmouth. in which command he oave
fresh examples os his conduct and ^bravery
; which prevented the king's Sorces,
under the earl of Feveestram, being
surprized while their commanding ofsicers
were in bed. Yet neither the favours
already received, nor the great expectations
he might reasonably entertain
of the royal benevolence and regard,
were able. to counterbalance his
duty to Gnd and his country : for he
no Sooner discovered king Jimes's design
to Subvert the religion and laws,
which at his coronation he had Sworn
to protect and maintain, but he laid
aSide all private interest, and determined
neat only to keep clear of countenancing
by his presence, such projects,
as could not be justified to a free perw,
pie, but joined with the most zealous
against popery and arbitrary poyver.
Thus we find him amongst those that
went over to the prince os Orange, etacamped
at SherhUrn.
King Wsi/iam was so truly sensible
of baron Churchill's zeal sor the protested
canfe, and the advantage he had
reaped by his assistance, that he numbered
him amongst the first that were
distinguished with honours, aSter lis
advancement to the throne of Great
Britain, admitted him ofhis privy council,
and creased him earl of Mar/borough
on Aprs/ 9, 1689. The earl Soon
aster embarked Sor Flanders, where he
look upon him the command of the
English forces, with which he laved the
cousederate army at Wale ours, on the
a5tb of August. He fpent the year
i6^o in Ireland; where, entrusted wi'.h
the chief command, he obliged the
strong garrisons of Cork and Kinsule to
yield thetnfelves prisoners of war. Next
year king William intending to command
in person, dispatched the earl before
to dispose the forces, &c. Sor entering
upon action immediately on his inajelly's
arrival in Felandera ; in which he
gave Such convincing proofs ol his military
abilities, as to force the following
acknowledgment from she prince of Vat -
demurs :

J A N U
demons.' < There is Something, Said that
o prince to king William, in the earl of
< Mar/borough that is inexpreffiblet for
^ the fire of Kirk, the thought of Lanier,
^the skill of Mackay, and the bravery
' of Colehester, seem to be united in his
< person. And l have lost my know-
< ledge in physiognomy, which hither-
' to never deceived me, if any subject
^ you have, can ever attain to Such ms-
< litary glory, as this combination oS
< Sublime perfections must one day ad-
' vance him to.' The king being of
the fame mind, replied : ' I verily be-
< lieve Afarshorough will not fail to make
< your prognostic good.'
However all thefe perfections, nor
even the esteem he had gain'd with his
Sovereign, were Sufficient to skteen him
from the frowns of fortune. For the
queen having taken a disgust at the
proceedings of the counteSs of Marlborough
who had advifed princess Ann
of Denmark to petition the parliament
Sor a Settlement independent of the
king, the earl was suddenly dimissed
from all his employments by a message
from the king Sent by the earl of Alottingham,
who demanded all his commissions,
and told him that his majesty
had no more occasion for his service.
His enemies would have attributed this
disgrace to Serine discovery oS an illicit
correspondence carry ^d on by the earl ;
but his confinement with Several other
innocent peers on Suspicion oS treaSon,
a little while after, only Served to acquit
him oS that imputation, and to
draw a jtist punishment on the Salfe accuSers.
But whatever was the real
cause, which hitherto does not plainly
appear, the earl of a^l let thorough retired
with the firmness and calmness os a
Roman dictator; replying no farther,
than that he wished to be Succeeded
by a better Servant, and by one more
concerned for tncir majesties honour
and interest.
Wc rcnd lic^c yy^y^ of this accomplished
general till the year 1698,
when. about the l^th of June king
^ ilaiocm Ill. appointed him governor
to the duke of Gloucester ; and at the
time he delivered the young prince to
bis care, said, Aty ford, teach him to be
whatyou are, and my nephew cannot want
accomplishments. He ^as then fworn a
second time of the privy council : And
on the 16th of July, and ever aster.
was declared one of the lords justices
of Enghrndin the king's abfence. And
in i7oi, he was made a general of
Soot, and commander in chief of the
English forces in Ho/hand, and appointed
ambassador extraordinary and Pleaipo
at the Hague.
S^ueen Ann began her reign with an
increase both oShonourand power conferred
upon this favourite of fortune.
She first preSented him with the order
of the Garter on the l 4th of alldrch,
i 7o2. Next day she declared him
Captain General of all her forces in
Engldnd, and Commander in Chief of
all her forces abroad in conjunction with
the troopr of her allies ; and Sent him
ambassador extraordinary and Plenipo
to Hohand. In which stations his excellency
performed all that bad been
predicted of him by the Prince of Vaudemont.
He gain'd the full confidence
of the allies, and this first campaign
be obliged the enemy, who bad been
ufed to conquer and to carty terror in
their Sront, to flee before him, and to
yield up the strong towns of Veulo,
Rarememd, SteverSwaerf, Leege, and cither
fortifications.
At his return to England, after this
glorious campaign, he found the bouse
of commons had voted him thanks for
his great Services in retrieving the antient
honour and glory of the English
nation. And the ^ueen on the i 4th
of December created him Marquis of
Blanserd and Duke of Marlborough,
with an appointment os 50od/. per anra
to be paid him sot life out us the post
office.
In 1303, early in the Spring, his
grace openld another campaign with
the siege of Bonn, which with Hay and
Limhurgfu rrender'd, the first on honourable
serm^ , but the tw^ latter as pri-
^ toners

M A G A 2 I ^
doners of war. It was in this campaign
chat John William Frisc, Prince oS Orange,
made his first essay in the art
of wat, under the care of the Duke :
and that the Durre of Mar/horough was
honour'^ with a fword Set with diamonds
from the late emperor Charters
VI, who met him at Dr^se/doop in his
way to S^ain, which kingdom he
claimed by the stile of Charles Ill.
In t704 he carry 'd the greatest part
of the army to Germany, having inter'
views by the way with the electors of
Mentz, Triers, and other potentates,
till he join'd Prince Lewis of Baden,
after a prodigious march of above Sixty
German leagues from the Mause to the
Danube in thirty days. Among other
compliments, the Prince told him, He
was come fo five "the empire ; but the
Duke reply 'd, He came io seam from
him how to de the empire Service. This
year on the Second of August, his Grace
in concert with Prince Eugene gave the
enemy that fatal blow at Hschstede, in
•which it was observed he was refolved
either to conquer cr die, because Some
hours before the battle he devoted
himself to GOD, in the presence ofhis
chaplain. and received the Sacrament.
His Grace thus prepared Sor futurity,
mounted his horse, and at the head
of i8i squadron^ and 67 battalions,
drew his fword with the following hefaic
expression, This Day 1 conquer or
die. '1 he array at break lis day
marched in ei^ht columns, and advanced
in line os battle ro the sight of the
^pietny before they had the least thoughts
of so early and warm a visit. The
Fsvrich had the advantage of the ground,
ad extended their camp to within half
a male of the town of Hoc^lede The
allies no'saofer appear ld than the enemy
fired three cannons to call in their
foragers, struck their tents. fer.t all,
fiat v. a.. not necessary to their defence,
to llecbstedt, drew up 163 squadrons
and battalions, with i2o cannofs
in front. in order of .battle ; and let
fire t r sut.li villages as might shelter
cite at' i.s. .The lityirs. ^latshal Tal-
' (
lard posted 28 battalions and 12 squ^
drons of dragoons in the village os
Blenheim, on the banks of the Danube,
and disposed of his other forces in fuck
a manner as to ferve as So many ambufeades
; and if possible to put the
Duke and his allies between two fires.
But all thefe fchemes were disconcerted
by the penetration of the Duke,
who during the cannonading between
the two armies, which roar 'd furiously
on both fides, ordered Gen. Churchill
and Lieutenant General Wood to dislodge
thofe feperate parties, which they
resolutely and effectually perform 'd
with much blood and slaughter. After
which the battle became general,
and was fought with great resolution,
bravery and conduct on both sides witb
various success for a considerable time ;
till the Duke observing the enemy
forced back to the height, on which
they were first drawn up ; and that
Talland was backward in renew ing the
battle, and in a feem ing tottering condition,
rallied all his force, brought all
his squadrons and lines into order, and
commanded them to advance gently,
till they came pretty near the enemy.
and then to ride up to them in a foil
trot : which So dishearten'd the French,
that they gave way and broke at cncc
without firing a shot : and the English
squadrons drove thro' the centie of
them, and put them to an entire rout.
In their flight great numbers perished
in the Danube, ^lie blidge of boats
Sinking w ish their weight ; many were
murdered by the boors of the villages
fhey had burnt ; and Tallind himt'els
was taken as he fled up the river towards
Hccicstcdt. So that tl.eir lofs was
computed at 4o,ooo men killed,
drown'd, and takerf. 'Among the prisoners
were their commander in chief.
Count Talland, 27 officers of the first
rank; i 5 oo inferior officers ; 1o3canron;
1 4 mortars i ^ 1 colours ; iiO
standards ; i 7 pair of kettle drums ;
^36co tents ; i5 pontoons ; 34 coaches;
24 barrels os silver; 3o laden
mules besides' ail the plate and haggle

^ J A N U A R Y ,
^age os the officers. The allies bad
600 o slain, and 8o00 wounded.
For this action, his Grace receiv'd
congratulatory letters from most of the
potentates of Europe, and in particular
from the States General and from the
Emperor, who directed to him as
Prince of a^lindelheim (in S wahirS which
title his Grace had obtained the
Queen's leave to accept, after having
rcfuSed the patent till he knew her pleasure.
In 1305 he retook Hny, rais'd the
siege of Liege, forced the French lines
at Hildsheim, which had been fortifying
three winters, and beat a great detachment
from the enemy's grand army,
commanded by two Lieutenant-
Generals, who were both taken prisoners
; all which the States aScribed
next unto God fo his /ordihip's care, prudence
and va/our, which hael coii^uereal
dffeultier fhaf for above two years had
afpear'd unSurmourrlahle. And the Fmperor
declared, Thaf his Grace'5 seywi-
Ces fo the common cause in genera/, and to
his finally in particular, artrere Such as
Sheuld never he sorgoifcn by him nor his
posterity.
In i7o6 his Grace defeated the
French and Bavtirians at Ramedies on
the t2th oS May, and gainld all Brabant.
He was every w here in this defperatc
action, and in imminent danger
os his life ; once, when singled out by
Several of the most resolute of the
I rench King's houshcold troops who had
killed or taken him, had not Some of
h s own foot come to his assistance ;
and a Second time when he had a horSe
shot under him, and Col. Prinnfield
lost his head by a cannon ball as he
was going to remount him. His
Grace went immediately to the Ha^rte
to concert meaSures for improving the
victory, and ended this glorious campaign
with the taking os Mcair and
Dcndermond
In i7o7, the Duke went with full
powers from the (^uceii and the States-
General, to Several courts to concert
measures for reinforcing the '.aaat^
and to prevent the threatned invasion
of Saxony by the Swedes.
In 1308, his Grace obtained the
glorious victory of .Audeuarde the l I th
of June, in sight o Sir the Dukes ofBurgundy
and Berry, and the Pretender,
who shamefully ran away to carry the
news to the French court, while the Elcctoral
Prince of Hanerver, now our
gracious Sovereign, KingGaOROE II.
did wonders as voluntier among his
father's troopr, under his Grace's command.
After this, he covered the siege
oS Liste. took it aSser a very obstinate
deSence, relieved Brussels then besieged
by the Elector oS Bataria, and retook
Ghent and Bruges, which the enemy
had Seie'd by treachery.
In His Grace went to Holland,
from whence he made two voyages
to En^hnd in the Spring, to communicate
to the court what had pass'd
at the Hague, relating to the overtures
of peace, made by .the ministers of
France. The Same year he was made
one of the privy-council, and a plenipotentiary
at the treaty of peace in
Holland which breaking up without
effect, he hastned to the field, where
having Seiz'd St. Amaneland Morlagne on
the Scheld, he covered the siege of Toiernay
which soon Surrendered tohim, and
routed the French with great slaughter
and booty at the SamonS battle of Bt^ercgnies.
He crowned. this glorious campain
with the reduction oS the strong city
of Mont, and all Hairtanlt-
In i 7 i o the States general finding the
insincerity of the French in their negotiations,
pressed the (t^een e r Send she
Duke over, early in the Spring, is isccciuld
be Spared, that thev might have
the benefit oS his wise councils, as well
as reap the advantage of his incomparable
valour. The ldtrke being ie^l
accordingly, tcok the field fix week. before
the French, and reduced .the strong
tow:'s of Dteway, Beihuue, Sr. Veeu^dr
and Aire.
In r-i s. fire Duke rtturred toF^r-
ders, yolaC^ v.'ithadlnbuble lured and

^ M A G A 2 1 ^ E ^f M A G A 2 1 ^ E
secrecy, and without bloodshed, he
forced the French lines upon the Senset
and the Scheld, which Marshal Vislars
boasted were his Neelus ultra : And
after his Grace had passed those lines,
he took the strong town of Bouchain
(which gave him a great inlet into Old
Fronees and made the garrison prisoners
of war, tho' they were numerous,
and wanted nothing, in sight of i00o00
fighting men that endeavoured to relieve
them, and in the midst of the eliemies
intrenchme^rs, lines and garrisons
that were continually on the watch
to strike some great blow.
In 1712, on the 1st day of the new
year, the Dtlke was remov'd Srom all
his places, becauSe he could by no
means give into the negotiations entered
into with France^on the foot of
fucb preliminaries as Spain and the
^est- Indies to the House of Bourbon.
But the ministry, to take off the
odium os such a proceeding against
the favourite of the nation, and indeed
of all its friends, directed the
^oeen to accuSe bis Grace in the privy
c runcil of having extorted Several large
soma os money, on account of the
yearly contracts for bread and breadvaggons
in the Low Counlrits : And
tiiey stirred up the houfe oS commons
to proceed against him upon the Same
accusation ; who gave orders ter the
^terrney.gerleral to proSecute the Duke
Sor such Sums, which they called pUba
he money. All which dropped as Soon
as the ministry got their ends : Sor it
was proved that his Grace had taken
no more than what was customary Sor
one in his station ; and what the Duke
of Grmond, who was his immediate
Successor, was allerwed by Princes,
who had trerops in British pay.
When the Duke discovered So much
inveteracy, and that they who were
about the S^aeen endeavoured daily to
rrivehim fresh uneasiness, by insinuating
his entering ii'lo treasonable practices
nr correspondence^, he with leave lest
Fner.and, and retired to Antwerp : Srom
whence, alter a year and a half, he rc^
(
lum'd tohis native country ; and hap^
pening to land at Dover, on the Same
day the S^ueen died, his arrival gave
occasion for many political conjectures ;
Some by bis enemis that were greatly to
bis disadvantage : but this we are aS-
Sured of, that providenee So order'd it
to Support the lpiritsoS the true lovers
os our country and a protestant Succession,
at So critical a juncture, when
Sor Sour years they at the helm were
SuSpected of paving the way to the
throne for a popish King, That King
George l. was sully convineed of the
Dukes's sincerifyinthe protestant cause,
there can he no better proof' than his
appointing him captain-general, colonel
of the first regiment of foot-guards, a
a commissioner of Chelsea hofpital and
master of the ordnance. However,
finding nature decay, his Grace soon
aSter retired Srom public business : and
died at Winery lodge on 16 June, 1722.
aged 73.
^ ^ ^ ^s e^s e^, .^s a^s e^s e^s e^s ^s
GtSSTLEMEn,
7ou having fit out your fest proposal to
enirrteiinyour readers with true knowledge
and real Pleasure, I hope the
following hints concerning the general
method of Knowing, will he flavoured
with a place in your useful and
polite Magazine, andconvinee you that
I am, Your admirer.
Of the GrnERAL MEtaoo of Know-
1 ir c.
'^SN whatever Science the mind is con-
| versant, Methnd Seems to be neceS-
Sary to assist and accomplish it in the
knowledge oSthings ; to Search out the
Truth, and to avoid Error, Conluseon and
Obsenrity. For tho' there may be Sound
some darling of nature, blessed with
such a piercing wit, as, without hesitation,
to dive into her dark recesses,
and to solve the most abstrufe questions
; yet I muSt affirm he never car^
attain to any certain knowledge, except
lie be first acquainted how he must first

^ J A N U A R Y ,
direct his mind, and what order he
must obServe. Which method is an
orderly diseosition of things to be treated
Irritable and accommodate to the capacity of
learners.' for it must be of that nature,
as not to put any force upon the Genius
or Wit of man, but rather pleafantly
allure it, and guide and direct it by the
evidence and easiness of its rules and
precepts,
This manner of attaining knowledge
requires three things : (1) That
the thing propounded be clearly and
distinctly perceived. ^2) That we
surra a right judgment concerning
the matters that have been clearly and
distinctly perceived. That we
commit to memory the Truths or things
we have rightly perceived, discovered
and understood. This method will re
move Overhastine^s Error and Doubt, and
Fongetfolnest v, Inch are she main obstacles
of Science.
Therefore in our Search after true
Knowledge. it will be proper to consider
one thing only at once t for a multitude
of obsects must necessarily divide
our attention and breed con Session ;
So that it will be impossible to pay
each particular its due regard. Thus
if we propose to meditate on the human
composition, it will be our best way, to
attain a true idea of it, to consider
the Sou/ first - becauSe as this thinking
Being imports one nature only, and
Alain comprehends two natures, both
Sou/ and Boely. which belong to two
different Genera, they cannot be at
once propoSed to the intellect, without
fomc confusion. Thus also simple
things are discovered more perfectly
and easily than compound ; near than
remote ; and few than many. And
thus we attain anaoreperfectknowledge
of ^liin^s that are botn, iS we begin
fbe consideration ot them Srom their
first beginning. This was the way
that guided the celebrated Harvey to
discover the generation and growth oS
chickens ; by shewing their daily increale
in the egg during the time of
hatching. And they that iiate dis-
coursed the most rationally on Plduts.
took a view os their beginnings, prugress,
or. growth, and perfection, considering
them in their distinct stages of
budding growth, ^Oom, and bearing of
fruit.
But for as much as Substances are
chiefly known by their Attributes, and
that many os them are Sound in every
Substance, we are rather to consider
thoSe that arepositive, than the negative a
Thus the nature oS the Soul of man is
more easlly known by considering it as
an understanding, willing and judging
Subject, than by conceiving it to be immaterial,
incorporeal, invisible, &c. becauSe
negative attributes do not So
much declare what a thing is, as what it
is not. Consequently it will be a great
help in our Searfch after knowledge, so
begin our enquiries with universal^
and from thena to proceed to particulars
: becauSe, the knowledge of nr.:versals
accomplished the mind more
than particulars ; for LSuiverse/s are in a
manner eternal, as having no original,
and not being comprehended within
any difference of time or Space oS facet
hence comes that noted axiom among
philosophers, That fierce coosifls in
Lnsversislr and not in Singulars.
We must alto take care that our
Jue^emcnt do always follow our conceptions,
or that we never asset.t ta
any thing which we have not before
clearly and distinctly perceived- F^rt
the order of ReaSon requires that Knowledge
always goes before summons ,
and that simple terms make way for
thofe that are com plex, in Such a manner
that the judgment we pass of any
thing may exactly answer to the knowledge
we have of it. And since the
Second operation oS the mind or judgment
doth involve both the Subject aid
the predicate or attribute. it is necessary
that the nature oS both be fully knowia
before we can judge whether the ore
do agree wi h, or dissent from the
oilier. Thus beSore we affirm that the
Sun is hot, or that heat agrees to thefor.
we ought first to us.deriland distinctly
, what

M A C A 2 1 N E of M A G A 2 1 E ^
what the sun, and what heat is, Hence
it follows, that where there happens
any doubt of the truth of the matter
enquired into, we ought to Suspend our
judgment, fo as neither to affirm nor
deny any thing concerning it, ttli we
have exactly examin'd all the difficulties
of it, and by the rules of perception
removed the doubts concerning it.
For it is not enough to demand our
assent because this or that appears clearly
and distinctly toothers. but it must
appear as clearly and distinctly to ourselves.
Ferr as every one desires knowledge
for himfelf, it is most reasonable,
that he should be allowed to uSe his
own understanding, and not to Submit
implicitly to another ; and that he
may paSs judgment So far only as his
own knowledge guides him. Therefore,
before we can with safety give
dur assent to any thing, we must bc
certain the thing is fo indeed, as it is
conceived by us ; and not only fir, but
that it cannot be otherwise. Nor are
cve to suppose that all things that are
true admit of the fame certainty t for
it may be true that a man is frequent
in acts rf devotion, and is liberal to the
^ooot, &c. which are signs Sufficient
anor rally to persuade me that he is goesty ;
tho' it may happen that lie is not really
so in his heart. So that the jud^
a^atnt Srrmed of Such a one Srom his
outward behaviour is only contingeaay
^"Ue.
And lastly, as it car be of little use
to know the nature of things, except
we remember them; we must take
care :o commit nothing to memory that
bai not been sirst thoroughly cxaminld,
and assented rightly to. For the memory
doth of itself, and spontaneously
retain things that are clearly understood,
arid follows right judgment. The
more clearly any thing is perceived by
us, the stronger it is impressed upon
otur memories ; and we mtite easily remember
those things that ate propounded
to us in order, than th fe which
arc hurried in confusedly. Aral inor^
de^te promote andallis; the tttctnory •
t.
let us not load the understanding witlt
a multiplicity of objects, but keep the
mind still and quiet. Let us strengthen
it w ith moderate study, and frequent ex.
ercife : and thirdly, it will be a great
help to the memory if the things we
commit to it be not only evident, but
also connected, orderly disposed, and
adorned with the circumstances of
causes, effects, time, place, &c.
^s a^s e^, a^s ^s • e^s e^s a^, e^s a^, a^, .^t
The Dan--r of yielding to Temptations.
F.vemp/tsied in the dicassa/ Fall of a
Ilely Hermit.
^ HERE ate few, if any books,
.I cut of which a man of learning
may not extract something for his use.
I have often experienced the truth of
this maxim, when calling in at my
bookseller's, l have taken the book
next to my hand off the counter, to
employ the minutes l have bern o.
blaged to linger away there, in waiting
for one friend or other. Yester.
day when l came there, the Turkish
tales happened to lie in r.ry way ; upon
opening of that amuting author, I
happened to dip upon a short tale,
which gave me a great many serious
reflections. The very same fable may
fall into the hands of a great many
men of wit and pleasure, who 'tis probable,
will read it with their usual levity
; but since it may as probably divert
and instruct a great many persons
of plain and virtuous rtainds, l desire
you will give it a place in your much
admired Magazine. The moral to
he drawn from it is entirely christian.
And is so very obvious, that l
shall leave to every reader the
pleasure of picking it out for himfelf.
I shall only premile, t.o obviate any
offence that may be taken, that a great
many notions in the Mahometan religion
are borrowed from the Holy Seriptutes.
There was formerly a .canton,
whose name was.Bertyrsa, which for the
space us an hundred years very lcpvent-

J A N ^J
^y apply 'd himself to prayer ; and
fcarce ever wen; out os the grorto in
which he made his residence, for sear
of exposing himself to the danger of
offending (God. He fasted in the daytime,
and watched in the night ; all
the inhabitants of the country had such
a great veneration for him, and .fo
highly valued his prayers, that they
commonly tap ply 'd to him, 'When they
had any favour to beg os heaven.
When he made vows for the health of
a sick person, the patient was immediately
cured. It happened that the
slaughter of the King of that country
fell into a dangerous distemper, the
cause of which the physicians could not
discover, yet they continued prescribing
remedies by guess ; but instead of
helping the PrinceSs, they only augmented
her disease. In the mean time
the King was inconsolable, for he passionately
lov'd his daughter ; wherefore
one day, finding all human assistance
vain, he declared it as his opinion,
that the Princess ought to be sent
to the SantSn Barfisa. All the beys
applauded his sentiment, and the King's
officers conducted her to the Santos ;
who, notwithstanding his frozen age,
could not fee such a beauty without
being sensibly moved. He gared on
her with pleasure ; and the desol taking
this opportunity, whispered in his
ear thus ; O Santon ! don't let flip
such a fortunate minute t tell the
king's servants that it is requisite for
the Princess to pafs this night in the
grotto, to see whether it will oleuse
God to cure her ; that you will put
up a prayer for her, and that they need
only come to fetch her to-morrow.
How weak is man! tfie Santon followthe
devil's advice, and did what he
saggested to him. But the officers,
before they would yield to leave the
Princess, Sent one of'their number to
know the King's pleasure. That monarch,
who had an entire confidence
b ^ever in the least Scrupled
the trusting os his daughter with him.
i content, Said he, that she stay with
. 0L . V.
A R Y, I J ^ - ^
that holy man, and that he keep her
as long as he pl sales : 1 tarn wholly Satisfied
cm that head When the offi e as
had received the King's anfwer, they
all retired, and the princess remained
alone with the hermit. ^^bt being
come, the devil presented hlmself to-the
Santon, saying, Canst thou let flip fo
favourable an opportunity with fo
charming a creature ^ fear not her telling
osthe violence you offer her; if
she were even fo indiscreet as to reveal
it, who will believe her ? the court,
the city, and all the world are ton much
prepoSsessa-d in your favour, togiveany
credit-to such a report. You may do
any thing unpunished, when arm'd bv
the great reputation for wisdom, which
you have aCtatfit'd. The unfortunate
Barfifs was so weak as to hearken to
the enemy of mankind. He ti.aproached
tire Princess. touk her into his arms,
and in a moment cancelled a virtue os
an hundred years duration. He ha!l
no fooaer perpetrated his crinie> than
a thousand avenging horrors haunted
him night and day. He thus accosts
the devil t O wretch, fays he. 'tis thou
which hast destroyed me! Thou hast
encompass 'd me for a whole age, and
endeavour'd to seduce me ; and now
at last thou hast gain'd thy end. O
Santon ! anfwer'd the devil, don't reproach
me with the pleasure thou hast
enjoyed. Thou mayest repent t but
what is unhappy for thee is that the
Princess is impregnated , and thy sin
will become poblick : thou wilt become
the laughingstock os those who admire
and reverence thee at present, and
the King will put thee to an ignn-
^ninious death. Beiestsa, terrified by
this discourse, says to the devil, What
Shall l do to prevent the publication ot
my shamed To hinder the knowledge
of your crime you ought to commit a
fresh one, anfwer'd the desil : kill the
Princess, bury her at the corner of the
grotto, and when the king's messengers
come to its arrow, tell them you
have cur'd her, and that she went
from the gro'.to very early in the
Id a morn n^

1O
^ M A G A ^ l ^ HI f^se M A G A ^ 1 N E
morning t they will believe you, and
search for her all over the city and
country ; and the King her father will
be in great puin for her, but after Several
vain Search's it will wear off.
The hermit, abandoned by God,
pursuant to this advice, killed the
Princels, bury'd her in a corner oS the
grotto, and the next day told the officers
what the devil bid him Say.
They made diligent enquiry Sor the
King's daughter, but not being able to
hear oS her they deSpaired of finding
her, when the devil told them that all
their Search Sor the PrinceSs was vain ;
and relating what had passed betwixt
her and the Santon, he told them the
place where she was interred. The officers
immediately went to the grotto,
Seiz'd Baestfa, and found the princess's
body in the place to which the devil
had directed them ; whereupon they
took up the corpfe, and carry 'd that and
^he Santon to the palace.
When the King Saw his daughter
dead, and was iniorm'd oS the whole
event, he broke out into tears and bitter
lamentations; and assembling the dectors,
he laid the Santon 's crime before them,
and asked their advice how he should
he punish 'd. All the doctors condemn'd
him to death, upon which the King
order 'd him to be hang'd : accordingly
a gibbet was erected : the hermit
went up the ladder, and when he was
going to be turn 'doff, the devil whispered
in his ear thefe words : OSanton!
if you will worship me, 1 will extricate
you out oS this difficulty, and transport
vou two thouSand leagues Srom hence,
into a country where you shall be reverenced
by men, as much as you
were beSore this adventure. I am
content, Says Baestja, deliver me, and
l will worship thee. Give me first a
Sign oS adoration, replies the devil ;
whereupon the Santon bow'd his head,
arid Staid, l give myself to you. The
des il then ra'fing his voice, Said, O
Baosisa l am Satisfied ; l have obtained
what l desired : and with thefe
words, Spitting in l.is faces he disap-
peared ; and the deluded Santon waahanged.
The Lise oS King W 1 L L i A M Ill, continued
seom Vol IV. p. 577.
d^hN the i Sth of Feh. i 689, his Majesty
made a very pathetic fpeeoh
to both houfes of parliament, in which
he fiast declared his sense of their kindnefs,
and the great value he placed on
the confidence they reposed in him,
assuring them that he would not do any
thing that might lessen their opinion
or esteem of him. Then he put them
in mind of their allies abroad, and
particularly the hazard Ho/land might
run, unless some speedy care were laken:
that a gond Settlement was most
necessary at home ; and recommended
to their Speedy consideration the dangerous
condition of Irehlnd, where the
popish party, supported by the Earl of
Tyreonne/, threaten'd another massacre.
The parliament on their part came
to the resolution to stand by and assist
his Majesty with their lives and fortunes,
in the support of their alies
abroad, and for the reduction of
Ire/end ; and ordered 6co,ooo/. to be
paid the Dutch for the charge they
had bern at in Surnishing out their
fleet that eScorted the King and brought
over his forces.
The States oS Seotlond took measiires
much in the Same manner as the
Eng/ish had Set them an example : and
aster declaring the throne to be vacant,
and reccived^men and arms from inland
to support their proceedings, ten^
der'd their crown alSo to K. Williatur
and ^ucen Mary by certain commissioners
sent to Loudon for that purpose
The King and Gueen accepted their
offer in due form and manner ; took
the coronation oath, and sign'd it ;
and complied with what else was necessary
on that occasion. After whith
their M^ict sties yy ere crottmed in a most

^ J A N U A R Y , l ^ . '
Splendid manner on the nthof April
1689, taking the coronation oath appointed
by an act that had pasted only
two days before, in this form
The Archhishop or Bishop appointed
for the service shall Say, Will you Solemnly
promise and Swear to govern
the people of this kingdom oS Ertg/and
and the dominions thereunto belonging,
according to the statutes in parliament
agreed on, aid the laws and customs
os the Same ?
The King and d^ueert shall Say
l Solemnly promise So to do.
The Archbishop or Bishops
Will you to your power cause law and
justice in mercy to be executed in all
your judgments ?
King and d^yecn.
I will.
Archbishop or Bishop.
Will you to the utmost of your power
maintain the laws of Cod, the true
profession of the gospel, and the Protestant
reformed religion established by
law ^ And will you preServe unto she
bishops and clergy of this realm and
to the churches committed to their
charge, all such rights and privileges
as by law do or Shall appertain unto
them or any of them ?
King and d^ueen.
All this I promise to do.
And then /aying their right hands on the
holy gospels, tahcy fitrthersuy, The things
which I have here before promised, I
will perform and keep.
So help me Cod.
Each hisseitg the Book.
In the mean time France, without
any formal declaration of war, fitted
out a fleet of 28 os their hest ships
^ith an intent to support King James,
^ho resolved to desend hnnsclf in
Ireland; and the few Scots that stood
out were also assisted from the same
quarter. But it was not long before
their party was obliged to yield to the
superior force of the English ; and the
French fleet suffer'd considerable loss,
and had certainly been entirely destroyed
by nineteen of our men of wat,
(none of them above a third rate) under
the command of Admiral Herbert,
had they not by favour of the weather-gage
taken resuge in Bantry-baey.
By this means K. James landed in Ireland,
attended by a great number of
officers, and bringing some ammunition
from France. And being joined
by Tyrconnel and his party, laid siege
to Londonderry with a numerous army.
This fo terrified the governor, that he
left the place : but the townfmen being
mostly English, determined never
to submit to popery and arbitrary
power, chose the l^ev. Mr. Walker, a
neighbouring clergyman, to take the
post which Colonel Lundee their governor
had deserted. Under whose command
they held out, till relieved by
(General Kirk, against a powerful army
without, and a sickness within, occasioned
by the great want of all necessaries,
that obliged the besieged to cat
the most unclean things ; and yet many
died with hunger.
Such an open breach of the peace
on the part of France, provoked the
parliament to address his Majesty to
declare war against that perfidious nation
: and a considerable army was order'd
to embark for Ireland under the
command of Duke Schomberg. He
landed at Carrick Fergus on the 13th
of August 16^9, and struck such a terror
amonst the enemy's forces, that
they retreated before him with much
sear and precipitation ; without any
lofs on our part, had not the damps
c trried off many ouilant soldiers and
officers, during their encampment in
the following winter.
At home amongst other business the
parliament passed a bill for fetling the
Secession on Prin^ss Ann and her if^
B ^ sue,

^ ^ M A. G A 2 1 N ^ of M AG A 2 1 N
sue, she being this year blessed with a
sun, WiTterin Dake oS G/oueesteo', and
in failure thereof, on the protestanr
house of llerr^er. And the King purciiafed
the Earl of Nottingham's Seat at
Kensington, and annex'd it to the crown
for a royal palace.
The miscarriages in Ireland, and the
reinforcements of King James in that
kingdom, determined King William to
make the next campaign in that island
in his own person ; of which resolution
his Maiesty acquainted his parliament,
which aster anew election, met
on the aorh of March i69o, and withal
declared his intention to leave the
administration of the government to
bis (^ueen, during his absence. And
accordingly, having passed the act to
reverse the Warranto, and the late
oppressive charters imposed upon corporationa
by K. James lid's privyconncit,
and for restoring all to their
ancient rights and privileges, he embark'd
and landed at Carrick Fergus on
the i 4-tla of June,
FIis Majesty was received by Duke
a^cbomberg aned she rest of bis army,
with great tokens of loyalty and Satisfaction
t and after reviewing his forces
lie march 'd in quest os the enemy, who
had entrench'd and fortified themselves
in considerable bodies on the banks of
the B-yrte, with an apparent resolution
to defend those passes. The King. re-
Solved either to dare them or to force
lhern to a battle, prtch'd his camp
within eannotilhot of their entrenc hrncnts
; which had 'ike to have proved
very fatal to him : for as he rode aboat
giving necessary orders a field-piece
that, os Si^ ponnd, raited the skin off
his shoulder. However bis Majesty,
alter having she wound dreffed, montrted
again, and continued four hours
making the necessary disposition^ to accomplish
his design ; which at last Sicreeded,
after a bloody battle, in which
Duke Scboruherg was killed by the hands
os five, the remains os thirty officers
and others of She enemies lt'eguurdt,
^ he had desperately brcke in to make
v
tin attempt upon the King's perSon, and
were endeavouring to escape ; the
King the whole time continuing in the
hottest of the battle, and Succouring
that part of his army, which feem'd to
want the most assistance, till victory
declared signally in his Savour: Sor except
4o00 that were stain, all the rest
os the enemies threw down their arms
and fled. And after one night's stay
at Dub/in, where he hasted to prevent
the execution of a resolution taken and
order'd by his privy council to fire that
city, in cafe oS bad Success, K. James
embarked with the Duke of Berwick,
the Marquis of Powis, and Duke os
Tyrconne/, and arrived with the unwelcome
news of their defeat, just after
the Parisians had been called up in the
night to make bonfires, at the report
that the New King of Fnghnd was
Slain With a cannon ball.
The confequence of this victory vsas
the Surrender of Drsgbedt, Wexford,
Dublin, and other places. But the joy,
which might have been expected very
extraordinary in England was somewhat
allay 'd by our loss in a sea-fight with
the French off Beaehy-Hendon the 30th
of June. For which Lord Torringto'i,
the admiral, was tried, and acquitted
by a court martial.
The-King still continued in Ireland;
and laid siege to Limerick, the strongest
place that held out in lrehnd; but after
taking many outworks, and iriucll"
defacing and ruining the town, was
obliged by the overflowing of the river
Shannon, to draw off his army ; his
presence also being necessary in England
; where he arrived time enough
to send a considerable force under the
command of the Earl of Mrtlborongl,
to complete the reduction of all those
places thai still held out for K. James
11. The Earl landed in Cork river on
the 2 t St of September- ; and forced that
city to Surrender prisoners oi war
From hence be march'cd lo Kingse^i
and on the l 5th of Oci^her, alter a terrible
battery, obliged that garrison tu
Surrender by capitulation : but Ltrttri

J A N U A R Y ,
was left for another campaign ; and
obtain'd from general Ginkle, an honourable
capitulation for itself, and the
other forts and castles that yet held our,
on the first of October l 69 i , the Earl of
Marlborough being recalled for more urgent
Services.
King WiHinm at the beginning os the
year 1691 visited the States of Holland;
where he was received with the greatest
demonstrations osjoy and friendship^
And being met at the Hague by Several
Princes, and the ministers of others,
be enter'd into conference, and came
to such vigorous resolutions with them
and the States, to carry on a war with
France, that the confederates agreed
among them to furnish an army of
222,ooo men. Which agreement was
well approved of by the English parliament,
who at his return gave more
liberal supplies to carry on the war with
greater vigour. After which his Maes
es
jesty returned so the allied camp to the
head of the army in F/andre against
the French, who, finding force to sail,
had recourse to their accustomed treachery.
For in the first place the Duke
of Luxembourg is accused of hiring a
desperado, who in disguise should watch
an opportunity to set fire to the bonabwaggons
: And Barbesteux, Secretary of
state to Lewis ^1V. for hiring another
to shoot or assassinate the King himfelf.
They were both chfcover'd. They first
had found means to set fire to fome os
them ; but being apprehended was tried
by a court-martial, had his right
hand cut off, then was strangled, and
throyvn into a fire till consumed. The
other, who was betray 'cl by one Dumont
his accomplice, aster several disappointments
in their attempt, was
liatig'd and quarter'd. They both
confessed their crimes ; and gave up
the authors of their villainy.
We find our Mc.r.arch again at the
head of the conferate army in Fianders
in i6^2. In the mean time Fraucc
was preparing ro invade England with
her whole naval force, hoping by extraordinary
expectation to catch tit un-
prepared. But our fleet was ready to
receive them on the 19th of lk^ay; and
plyed them fo bravely , that we gain'd
a comple victory, with great loss of
men and ships to the enemy, whose finest
Ship of war, the^Rishrg Sun, of io4
brass guns ; and adorned in its cabin
with the carved effigies of Lewis ^1V.
sitting on his throne, and the figures of
many Kings and Princes at his feet in
chains, was burnt off La Hogue s for
which admiral Restel, that commanded
in chief, received the thanks of the nation
in the next sessions of parliament.
[To be continued^
Some Reflexions on the Negroe-Trade.
prevalent is custom, that from a
ty survey of the actions of mankind,
one wonld think that it had the power
of changing the nature of thiogs. How
is that which upon a parallel view
will appear dreadsul and shocking to
human nature, render'd not only tolerable,
but by a gilded bait, even desirable
!
For a man who had never been mister
of any art, but by the improvement
of some useful invention to benefit
himfelf and family, and become serviceable
to mankind, to be told thar
there is a custom of buying and sellino
his fellow-creatures like beasts in the
markets, depriving them of their liberty,
and every other blessing of life, carrying
them far from their native Soil ;
would not this make such a one's hair
stand on end ! And how shocking foever
it may be, this is the fact, and that
without any aggravation.
Besore any excuse for this fact can be
reasonably urged, it must be proved
that these unhappy creatures are not
poffeSs'd of like passions and affectiot,
with us ; and that we have a power of
chusing what station a n d situation those
shall act in, who are by fome missoreune,
the* contrary to their own incli.
nation, become subject to us.

^ M A G A 2 1 ^ E of M A G A 2 1 N E
IS it is Said that their Situation in life
is mended ; how can we judge oS
that ? And Supposing that, which is
Seldom the case, that their circumstances,
when Sold, may to outward appearance
Seem agreeable, or to us more
So than it was beSore ; yet how can we,
who Scarce know what is best for our-
Selves, pretend to judge oS the happineSs
of another person, which must depend
on variety of circumstances Suitable
to his disposition and temper ? If
we would pretend to form any judgment
os their case, it can be done by no method
but that of putting ourselves in
their circumstance : Let us Suppose that
we were by war, or by a Sudden invasion
of the enemy taken prifoners, and
Sold and transported into another country,
and there made to endure the difficulties
and hardships that the negroes
labour under ; does there need any aggravating
circumstance to render this diStreSs
more compleat, or any but just
colours to paint out this dreadful seene,
fo as to strike with piny and amazement
every heart which hath still a Spark of
humanity lest? -.See the tender infant
pull'd from its mother's breast, crying
for its natural food 1 See the aged father,
the labours of whole life were
Crown'd by the maturity, manhood and
dignity of his son, just arrived at such
an age os lite, when he should be the
support of his tottering years, and the
stay of his old age. Lo ! he is gone,
but hoyv ? by the stroke of death : No ;
then he migl.t be happy in a state of
rest, where " rao christians thirst for
" gold.'' But to conccive the labours
and difficulties he may undergo whilst
living, must give a greater wound to
the mind than even death itfelf Need
we add any thing to heighten the distreSs
1 Lo ! the saithlitl friend, parted
by a mischance of war, and condemned
to labour in a diflant country, far
from every kind office of a friend. Beholdthe
faithful generous couple, who
after many many months of anxious
love. and careful fears, are come almost
to the summit os their bliss, only
e
one day waits. to bring the reward of
their mutual constant love, in such a
short interval they are fnatch'dfrom
each other, and feperated to such naileries
as may be better conceiv'd than
exprels'd. These circumstances are not
fictitious, or founded in the imagination
only, but are such as mult and will happen
continually, tho' they may not be
quite so discoverable as certain, occasioned
by the unintelligible language
in which they probably utter their distress.
Has not nature distresses enough.
that we must encreafe the number of
them Or have Brilons, who have so
long tasted the Sweets of liberty, forgot
the relish of it ?
No, forbid it, O my countrymen !
let it not be said that distreSs and anguish
were brought on the father, mo- "
thet, huiband, wife, Son, daughter or
friend on our account; and that we Sor
the fake os filling our coffers coined in
any trade which had thefe effects, and
which made Such inroads on the liberties
oS our innocent Sellow creatures.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
RestecSlions on the unbounded and astonish-
ing Scenes of Creation.
Come forth, O ^tan! yon Azure round survey,
And view those Lamps which y iel d eternal Day
' I ^H E Sun had quitted the horizon,
and withdrew his prolific beams,
when, tired with the labours oS the day,
1 took a Solitary walk on the western
cliffs. At the foot of the steep mountain,
the Sea, all clear and fmooth,
formed an immense plain, and held a
watery mirror to the skies. The lively
vermilion, which lately streaked the
chambers of the yvest, began to fade,
and the planets one aster another lighted
up their lamps, and the stars advanced
in their glittering train ; a
thousand and a thousand luminaries
shone forth in Successive Splendors, and
the yvhole firmament kindled into the
most beautiful ^lo*,*:. Night had now
wrapped

J A N U A R Y,
wrapped in darkness the long-extended
forest, and drawn her mantle over the
bumble vale. The moon, walking in
brightness, Seemed to contemplate her-
Self, with a peculiar pleasure, while the
tranSparant surface, both received, and
returned her Silver image.
What infinitely rich fields are the
heavens, for displaying the perfections
of the great Creator 1 the heavens, in
Ye citizens of air ! what ardent thanks,
What full effusion os the graetSul heart,
Is due from man, indulges in Such a sight !
A sight sir noble! and a sight So kind !
It drops new truths, on ev'ry new Survey !
The vulgar look upon the stars as
nothing more than a multitude of
bright Spangles, dropped over the
therial blue. Thev have no higher
notion of these fine appearances, than
that they are So many golden studs
with which the empyrean arch is decorated.
But studious minds, that carry
a more accurate and strict enquiry
among the celestial bodies bring back
advice of a most astonishing import.
Let us recollect the most stupendous
diScoveries, and let the unlearned remember,
that the Scene we are going
to display, is the workmanship ol' that
incomprehensible Being, who is perfect
in knowledge, and mighty in power ;
whole name, whoSe nature, and whose
operations, are great and marvellous ;
who Summons into being, with equal
cose, a single grain, or ten thousand
worlds.
The earth, to us that dwell on its
Surface, Seems by Sar the most extensive
orb, that our eyes can any where
behold. It is alfo cloathed with verdure,
distinguished by trees, and adorned
with a variety of beautiful deeorations.
Whereas, to a fpectator placed
on one of the planets, it wears an uniform
afpect ; looks ail luminous, and
no larger than a spot. To beings who
dwell at still greater distances, it entirely
disappears. That which we call
alternately the morning or the evening
the most emphatical manner, declare
the glory of God. The heavens are
noblv eloquent of the Deity, and the
most magnificent heralds of their Maker's
praise. They sfpeak to the whole
universe ; for there is neither Speech to
barbarous, but their language is understood
; nor nations So distant, but their
voices are heard among them.
star, is a planetary world, which, with
four others, which fo wonderfully varv
their mystic dance, are in thenafelve^
dark bodies, and shine only by reflection
; have fields, and feas, and skies ot
their own ; are furnished with all accommodations
for animal subsistence ;
and are supposed to be the abodes os
intellectual life. All which, together
with this our earthly habitation, are dependent
on that grand dispenser of divine
munificence the fun ; receive their
light from the distribution of his rays,
and derive their comforts from his benign
agency.
The fun, that feems to perform its
daily stages through the Sky, is, in this
refpect, fixed and immoveable : it is
the great axle oS heaven, about which
the globe we inhabit, and the other
planetary orbs, wheel their stated course^-—The
fun though Seemingly Smaller
than the dial it illuminates, is abundantly
larger than this whole earth ;
on which fo many lofty mountains rife,
and such vast oceans fori. A lire extending
from side to side, through the
center of that refplendeus orb, would
measure more than eight haindred
thousand miles: a girdle formed to go
round its circumference would require
a length of millions ; and were its folid
content to be computed, the account
would even copfound our understanding,
and almost exceed the power of
^langua^e

^ M A G A.2 IN E of M A G A 2 1 N E
language to express.— Are we startled
at thefe reports of philosophy ? Are
we ready to cry out, in a transport os
Surprize, how mighty is the Being who
kindled Such-aprodtgious fire, and keeps
alive, Srom age to age, Such an enormous
mass os stame Let us attend
our philosophic guides, and we Shall be
brought acquainted with spoculations incomparably
more enlarged and amaaing.
This System of ours is but a very
finall part os the universe : every star,
though in appearance but a lucicl
point, is really a vast globe, equally
Spacious and luminous with our Sun :
and lake him, the center oS magnificent
System, attended with worlds, which
their immeasurable distance veils Srom
our sight,
How distant Some oS theSe nocturnal Sunstl
So distant (Savs the Sage) 'twere not abSurd
To doubt, iS beams, sec out at nature's birth,
Are vet arriv'd at this So foreign world ;
Tho' nothing half So rapid as their flight.
An eye oS awe and wonder let me roll,
And roll Sor ever : Who can Satiate sight
In Such a Scene ? in Such an ocean wide
Of deep^ astonishment Where depth, heighth, breadth^
Are lost in their extremes : .and, where to count
The thick-Sown glories in this field oS fire,
•Perhaps a Seraph's computation Sails.
Are we struck with wonder at this
Small sketch oS creation ? How then
must we be lost in wonder at the consideration
of the Creator himself ! who
is So high, that he look5 down on the
highest of thefe dazzling fpheres, and
sees even the summit of creation in a
vale : fo great, that thisprndigiousextent
of fpace is but a point in his presence;
and all this confluence of worlds
as the lighest atom, that fluctuates in
air. and sports in the meridian ray.
The more attentively l view the crystal
concave. the greater number of luminaries
I discern. Abundance of minuter
lights. that lay concealed from a
superficial notice, are visible on a closer
examination *, eS^oecially in those tracts
of the sky which are called the Galdry,
and are distinguishable by a Sort oS milky
path : thc.e they are crouded rather
thandllleminated: the region Seems to be
ail on a blaze with their blended rays :
they shine thick as dew-drops on the
lace of the morning.— Besides this vast
profusion, which the prying eye discovers,
were l to make my Survey from
a part of the globe, considerably near-
er the Southeren pole, l should behold
a new choir of starry bodies which
have never appeared in our heiniSphere-
—And, were l to view the firmament
with the virtuoso's glass, l should perceive
a vast number oS floating orbs,
that, immersed in depths os attlret, efcape
the keenest unassisted sight- And
yet, in theSe various stations, even with
the aid oS the telescopic tube, I should
not be able to descry the halt' perhaps
not the thousandth part, oS those illustrious
bodies contained in the immeasurable
expanle oS the heavens.
If these stars are su many inexhaustible
magazines of fire, and immenfe reservoirs
of light, there is no doubt, but
they have fume very grand uses suitable
to the magnificence of their nature
To Specify, or explain, the particular
purposes they answer, is altogether impossible
in our present state of distance
and ignorance : this, however, we may
clearly difcern, that thev are disposed
in Such a manner as is most pleasing and
Serviceable to mankind. They arc
placed at Such an infinite distance as nat
to be beyond our sight ; neither are
they

^ J A N U A R Y ,
fhev brought So near our abode as to cannot be shaken : by him they dif.
annoy us^with their beams : we see pense a perpetual tide oS beams, and
them shine on every side ; and the deep arenever exhausted.—He formed, with
azure, which Serves them as a ground inexpressible nicety, that exquisitely Sint^
heightens their Splendor.—Who can collection of tubes, that unknown rnulsufficiently
admire the immenSe being- tiplicity of Subtle Springs, which organdy,
which, on our account, strews the nize, and actuate, the frame of the miearth
with blessings of every kind, and nutest infect. He bids the crimson curvouchsafes
to make the very heavens rent roll; the vital motions play; and
Subservient to our delight,' associates a world of wonders in an in-
When I consider these surprizing sect almost imperceptible to the eyt^
fcenes of creation, and stretch my assisted by the microscopic tube.—Its
thoughts to the innumerable orders of all thefe is a rich exhibition of creative
beiner which inhabit all those fpacious power ; to all these are extended the
Systems, from the loftiest feraph, that Special regards of preferring goodness.
surrounds the throne, to the puny na. For not one being among that incontions,
which tinge with blue the surface ceivable number and variety, whicis
of the pluna, or mantle the standing fwarm thro' the regions of creation,^ in
pool with green : O 1 how various are overlooked or neglected by the great:
the links in this immense chain ! How omnipotent cause of all. However invast
the gradations in this universal considerable in its character, ordiminufcale
of existence 1 Yet all these, how- tive in its size, it is still the production
ever vast and various, are the work of of the universal Maker, and belongs to
God's hand, and full of his presence. the family of the Almighty Father.
He rounded those dreadfully large Having thus taken a short view of
globes which are pendulous in the vault the astonishing fcenes of creation, w^
of heaven : he kindled those astonish- cannot more properly conclude thatt
ingly bright sires which sill the firma- with the folloYvitag hymn os the Celebrament
with a flood of glory. By him ted ^slr. Adidishn .•
they are fufpended in fluid aether, and
The fpacious firmament on high,
And all the blue tetherial Sky,
And fpangled heav'ns, a staining frame,
Their great original proclaim :
Th' unyveary'd fun, from day to dav^
Does his Creator's povv'r display ;
And publishes, to ev'ry land,
The woik os an almighty hand.
finen as the ev'ning shades prevail.
The moon takes up the wond'rous tale ;
And nightly, to the list'iaing earth,
Repeats the story of her birth :
While all the stars that round her burn,
And all the planets, in their turn,
Confirm the tidings, as they roll,
And fpread the truth from pole to pole,
What though, in Solemn silence, all
^ Move round this dark terteltrial ball ^

^ M A G A 2 l ^ 2 ofMAGA2I^E^
What though, nor real voice nor Sound
Amid their radiant orbs be found
In reaSon's ear they all rejoice,
And utter Sorth a glorious voice,
For ever singing, as they shine,
l^e hand, that made us, 55 divine.
From a Gentleman on his Death-bed to his
Friend
Hope humbly then; with trembling Pinions
Soar;
Wait rhe great Teacher Death ; and G O D
adore. Pons.
'^f^EEORE you receive this, my si-
^ ^ nal state will be determined by
the Judge of all the earth ; in a sevv
days at most, perhaps in a few hours,
the inevitable Sentence will be past,
that shall raise me to the heights os
happiness, or sink me to the depths of
misery. While you read these lines, I
shall be either groaning under the agonies
of abfolute despair, or triumphing
in fulness of joy.
It is impossible for me to express the
present disposition of my foul, the vast
uncertainty 1 am struggling vyith ; no
•s.vOrds c.m paint the force and vivacity
of my apprehensions : every doubt
wears the face of horror, and would
perfectly overwhelm me, but for fome
faint beams of hope, which dart across
the tremendous gloom. What tongue
can utter the anguish os a foul fufpeneled
between the eXtreams of infinite
jov, or eternal misery ? I am throwingmy
last stake for eternity, and tremble
and shudder for the important event-.
(Good Gttd ! how have I employed
myself 1 what enchantment has held
rne 1 in what delirium has my life
been 'past ! what have I been doing !
while the fun in its race, and the start;
in their courses, have lent me beams,
perhaps, only to li^ht me to perdition.
I never waked till now. I have
but just commenced the dignity of a
Rational being : Till this instant I
a wrong apprehension of every thing,
in nature ; I have pursued shadows, entertained
myself with dreams; I have
been treasuring up dust, and sporting
myself with the wind. I look back upon
my past life, and, but for fome memorials
of infamy and guilt, it is a
blank, a perfect vacancy. I might
have grazed wish the beasts of the
field, or sung with the winged inhabitants
of the woods, to much better
purpose, than any for which l have
lived : and oh ! but for some fain.t
hope, a thousand times more blest had
l been to have slept with the clods os
the valley, and never heard the almighty
fiat, nor yvaked into life at his
command !
I never had a just apprehension of
the folemnity of the part I am to act
till now. I have often met death infulting
on the hostile plain, and with
a stupid boast defied his terrors, with
a courage as brutal as that of the
warlike horse, l have rushed into the
battle, laughed at the glittering sprat
and rejoiced at the found of the trumpet,
nor had a thought of any state
beyond the grave, nor os the great
tribunal, to which I must have been
summoned ;
Where all my secret guilt had bees
reveal'd,
Nor the minutest circumstance cottcealld.
It is this which arms death with all
. his terrors ; else I could still mocii at
fear, and fmile in the face of the glatlmy
Monarch. It^is not giving up n^
breath, it is not being ever insensible,
is the thought at which I shrink s it
the terrible hereafter ; the something
beyond the grarc at ^hs^ I tectitl-

J A N ^
Those great realities, which in the
hours of mirth and vanity I have treated
as phantoms, • as the idle dreams of
superstitious brains ; these start forth,
and dare mc now in their most terrible
demonstration. My awakened conseience
feels Something of thas eternal
vengeance I have often defied.
To what height of madnefs is it
possible for human nature to reach!
what extravagance is it to jest with
death ! to sport with eternal chains,
and recreate a jovial fancy with the
Scenes of eternal misery !
Were there no impiety in this kind
of mirth, it would be as ill-bred as to
entertain adying Sriend with the fight
of a Harlequin, or the rehearsal of a
farce. Every thing in nature feems to
reproach this levity in human creatures :
the whole creation except man is Serious
; man who has the highest reafon
to he So, while he has affairs oS infinite
conSequence depending on his short uncertain
duration. A condemned wretch
may with as good a grace go dancing
to his execution, as the greatest part
os mankind go on with Such a thoughtlesS
gaiety to their graves.
Oh my Sriend ! with what horror do
I recall thoSe hours of vanity we have
wasted together 1 return ye lost neglect.
col moment5 ! how should I prize you
above all the treasures of the east ! let
me dyvell with hermits; let me rest on
cold earth ; let me converse in cottages:
may 1 but once more stand a candidate
ser an immortal crown, and have my
probation for celestial happiness 1
^e vain grandeurs of a court! ye
Sounding titles ! and perishing riches !
what do ye now signify ? what consolation,
what relief can ye give me ^
I have had a Splendid passage to the
grave, 1 languish on Soft and downy
pillows, and am reSpectSully attended
by my Servants and physicians ; my
dependents sigh, my sisters weep ; my
father bends beneath a load of years
aad grief; my lovely wife, pale and
^t, conceals her inward anguish ;
^ly the ^ ^ S^^tss
A R Y, ^
was as my own foul, Suppresses his
sighs, and leaves me to hide his Secret
grieS.
But oh ! which oS theSe will answer
my Summons at th^ high tribunal ^
Which oS them will bail me from the
arrest of death ? Who will deScend into
the dark prifon os the grave for me ^
Here they all leave me, after having
paid a few idle ceremonies to tho
breathlefs clay ; which, perhaps, may
lie repoSed in state, while my Soul,
my only conScious part, may stand
trembling before my judge. My afflicted
friends, it is very probable,
with great folemnity, willlay the senfeleSs
corpSe in a stately monument, in-
Scribed with,
Here lies the Great,
But, could the pale carcase Speak it
would reply :
• • False marble, where t
Nothing but poor and Sordid dust lie^
here.
While Some flattering panegyric is pronounced
at my interment, 1 may, perhaps,
he hearing my just condemnation
at a Superior tribunal, where an unerring
verdict may Sentence me to everlasting
infamy. But l cast nrySelS on
his abSolute mercy, through the infinite
merits of the Redeemer oflost mankind.
Adieu, my SaithSul companion, until
we meet in the world oS Spirits.
^ ^ ^ • ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
The Lisc Leyvis KIV. King of France^
continued fror^ ^p. 591, Vol. IV.)
? | |'H E Severity of the SeaSon having
I destroyed the Sruits of the earth ,
brought on famine also at this time ;
So that, in the midst oS their Te Deums
and rejoicings, the French were perishing
with want and misery. Tbeir
wonted Spirit and motion oS Superiority,
the very Soul of the French troops.
began likewise to sink apace. Lewis
had ceaSed to command tbem, Louvois
was deads at^d they wese highly diS-

^ M A G A 2 1 N ^ of^ M A G A ^ 1 N E
Satisfied wish his fon B-irhfietrx ; finally
the death of the marshal Luxembourg,
which happened in January 1695, and
nnderwhom the foldiers thought them -
Selves invincible, Seemed to put an end
fo the rapid course oS French victories.
The English fleet bombarded Dieppe,
Havre-de grace, St. Ma/o, Dunkirk, and
Calais. Dieppe was entirely reduced to
allies, and the harbour of Havre-de-
^race utterly destroyed.
Lewis KdV. now began Seriously to
•wish Sor a peace, and, in order to this,
he detached the duke of Savoy Srom his
engagements, by restoring him to his
dominions, giving him monev, and
proposing a treaty oS marriagebetween
the young duke of Burgundy the Dauphin's
ion, and his daughter. Aster the
duke os Sa-tay had gone off form the
league, each of the allies began to treat
Seperately ; the emperor was the first,
and accepted the neutrality of Italy, the
Dutch proposed the castle of ilyfwick,
near the Hague, for holding the conferences
in for a general peace, which
was foon after concluded, by the mediation
of Charles Kl. of Sweden.
By this peace, Lewis restored to the
Spaniard- all he had taken from them
pear the Pyrenees, in the late war ; as he
cltd also Luxemburg, Morts, Aelb, and
Cottrtrai, in Flanders. He acknowledged
lr'tltam as IttYvful king of England, hitherto
stiled by him only prince of Strange.
• - •
Besides these concessions, Lewis restored
Fribeurg, Br •sue, Keil, and Pld-
Iipsbttrg, to the empire ; and agreed to
demolish the fortifications of S'trasttirg
on the Rhine, Fort Lewis, Traerbaek,
^nd Morit-royal, works on vrhich lauesart
had exhausted his art, and the king
his treasures.
By this treaty alfo, France restored
Lorrain to the family which had enjoyed
it Seven-hundred years. Duke
Charles V, who had been the Support
of the empire and had conquered the
Turks, was dead ; his fon Leopold, at
the peace of Rywick, took possession of
his sovereignty, tho' stripped indeed os
1
bis just right, for he was not permitted
to fortify his capital ; but they could
not deprive him of a more glorious
right, that of acting for the good of
his subjects, a right which no prince
ever used more worthily than Leopold.
It were to be wished, indeed, it
could be remembered to latest posterity,
that one of the pettiest princes of
Europe was he who did most for the
benefit ofhis people. He found Ltrrain
desolate and abandoned, which he
re-peopled and enriched ; he preserved
it always in peace, whilst all Europe
was ravaged by war ; his conduct was
fo prudent, that he was always on good
terms with France, and was, at the
same time, beloved in the empire, happily
keeping that just medium, which
a petty prince is fcarce able to preserve
betwixt ^wo formidable poyvers. He
procured his people an abundance,
which they had never known before ;
and the nobility of Lorrain, who had
been reduced to extreme misery, wee
raised to a state of opulence by his acts
of generosity. If he saw a gentleman's
house in ruins, he immediately had it
rebuilt at his own expence ; he paid
their debts, and took care to have their
daughters properly married. He was
profuse in his presents, and his manner
of giving was ever superior to his bounty,
for he shewed, in all his gifts, at
once, the magnificence of a prince,
and she politeness of a friend. The
arts. beino- honoured in his little province,
produced a new circulation,
which makes the riches of a state.
He encouraged learning : he established
an university at Loncville, for true
literature, without pedantry ; and thither
the nobility of Germany went to receive
their education. There the trite
and useful Sciences were taught, and
the principals of natural philosophy ocularly
demonstrated by the most curious
machines. He searched for men eS
genius and talents, even in the lewelt
stations, and most obfeure retreats, aad
when he found such, he brought them
to light Its short, during lrss whole
rei^ti

^t* J A N U A R Y ,
^ign, his only employment was the
care of procuring to his people tranquility,
riches, knowledge, and pleasure.
< I would quit my throne tomortow,
Said he, if I could do more
good.' Thus he enjoyed the pleasure
of being universally beloved, and long
after his death his Subjects would shed
tears, when his name was mentioned.
In a word, he left an example to the
greatest princes, and, by his behaviour,
not a little paved the way for his Son to
the imperial throne.
Europe did not long enjoy the happiness
of peace ; a great dispute arofe about
dividing the spoils os the Spanish
monarch, whose death was approaching.
The powers, who already enjoyed
in the idea the vast succession,
beset the dying monarch on all sides,
to wrest from him a word in their Savour.
The emperor Leopold and Lewis KlV.
were in the Same degree of consanguinity
; both were grandSons oS Philip
Ill, for both had married daughters of
Philip IV. These two rivals yyere not
only afraid of each other, but had
likewise all Europe to fear. The other
powers, but efpecially those of Eng-hnd
and Holland, whofe interest it was to
keep a ballance, would never Suffer the
crown of Spain, with that of the empire,
or of France, to be placed upon
the Same head. William had formed
a design, even whilst Charles H. was
living, to make a partition oS the Spanish
monarchy, and to give up the
principal part to a prince neither oS
the Bourbon nor Austrian Samily. This
young prince, only eight years oS age,
was deScended from the youngest
daughter of Philip IV, wife to the emperor
Leopold ; thefe had a daughter,
married to Maximilian elector of Bavaria
; and the youth whom the English
aad Dutch had pitched upon, was the
trust of this marriage. The French
monarch consented to this, he being to
have, by tne partition, Sicily, Apples,
the province of Guipuseoa, and several
lowns. The archduke Charles was to
have aMslan, and the remainder of it
was to he given to this young prince of
Bavaria, whom it would be a considerable
time before they had any occasion
to fear. England, France, and Hollend
projected and made ^ais treaty. France
expected to gain an addition to her territories
; and the English and Dutch flattered
themselves they should thereby
effectually established quiet iin one part
of Europe.
All cliis policy, however, proved of
no signification. The dying king, being
told how his monarchy was divided
' before his death, was moved with the
highest indignation, and, in confequence
of it, every body expected that he would
declare the emperot, or the emperor's
sun, for his successor, as a recompense
to Leopold, for not being concerned in
the partition ; and, in short, that his
testament would be intitely dictated by
the poyver of the Austrian family, and
wholly agreeable to its wishes. He
made one, indeed, but in this be declared
the same young prince of Bavaria,
whom we have mentioned heir to
all his dominions. The Spanish nation,
who feared nothing fo much as dismembering
their monarchy, highly applauded
this disposition, and they hoped a
general peace would be the effect of it,
Thefe hopes, hovrevet, yvere as vain
as the partition treaty ; for the prince
of Bavaria, the king elect, died at
Brussels.
The houfe of Austria was unjustly
accused, as being the cause of thisSildden
death ; and this only upon the bare
probability, that a crime is most likely
to be committed by tbose to whom it
seems most advantageous. The in.
trigues and cabals were renewed in the
courts of Madetd, Vienna, VerSaillea-
Lendon, Rome, and the Hague.
Lewis KlV, King i/ 'illiam, and the
States-general mad^ another imaginary'
division of the Spanish monarchy. They
assigned totbearcbduke Charles, young.
er Son of the emperot, what they bad
before given to the deceased youth.
They allotted Miian to the duke of
Lerrain,

^ M A G A 2 1 ^ ^ of M A G A 2 I ^ E
Lorrain, and his Dutcby, which had
been so often taken, and as often restored
by the French, was to be for
ever annexed to the crown of France.
This treaty, whichcput in motion the
political artillery of all the princes,
either to oppofe or defend it, proved to
as little purpose as the former. Europe
was again disappointed in her expectation,
as happens almost always.
The emperor would not sign this
treaty oS partition, becauSe he was in
great hopes of having the wholes succession.
The French monarch had
signed it, and waited the event in the
utmost sufpence.
The King of Spain, being Sensible of
his decliningstate, though in the flower
of his age, was inclined to settle his
whole monarchy on the archduke Charles
nephew to his queen, and fon to the
emperor Leopold ; for fo much yvas he
convinced of the necessity of paying
lome regard to the balancing system,
that he became afraid of naming the
eldest Son his Succcssor ; Such a Step he
saw plainly would alarm the rest of
Eur ope, and all the other powers would
immediately have recourse to arms,
when they Saw Spain, with the Indies,
the empire, Hungary, Bohemia, and
Lombardy, in the Same hands. He
therefore requested the emperor Leopold,
to fend his fecond Son Charles to Madeid
with ten-thouSaud men ; but this
would nqt then have been Suffered by
France, Engleind, lis eland, nor Italy, Sor
all were follicitora lor bringing about
the partition. The emperor would not
venture his Son alone to the metcy os
the Spanish council, and he knew he
could not march ten-thousand men to
that kingdom. His intention was only
to send a Sufficient body of troops
into Italy, to Secure himSelf in this part
of the Spanish Austrian monarchy. It
happened in tha important affairs of
theSe two grand princes, as we daily
see among private persons about their
little concerns ; they disputed, and then
grew out of temper , the German
haughtiness railed the Castellan pride.
a
The countess de Perlitz, who entirely
governed the queen of the dying monarch,
contributed likewise to alienate
the affections of many, whom she ought
rather to have gained over to the interest
of Madrid ; and the council of
Vienna rendered things Still more irteconclleable
by their haughty procedure.
The young archduke, afterwards the
emperor Charles VI, generally called
the Spaniardi by Some reproachful
names ; but he learned Srom thence
how cautious a prince ought to be in
his e.xprelsions. The bishop of Leridz,
ambassador Srom Madeld at Vienna, being
disgusted at the Germans, represented
what Charles had Said, in the worst
light, in his dispatches to Madiid ; and
he himSelf wrote against the house of
Austria, in terms more reproachful than
any which the archduke had thrown
out against the Spaniards ' The minds
of the ministers of Leopold, said he, ar^
like the goats horns in my country, little,
stubborn and crooked. This letter
became public; the bishop of Lerlds
was recalled ; and, at his return to
Madeld, he not a little heightened the
antipathy of the Spaniards against the
Germans.
Many other little trilling incidents
which are generally connected with affairs
of importance, contributed likewise
to bring about the great change which
happened in Europe, and prepared the
way for that revolution, by which the
hotffeos Austeia foreverlostSpainand the
Indies. Cardinal Porfoearero and most of
the Spanish grandees, having formed
themfclves into a party to prevent the
dismembering of their monarcy, persuaded
Charles II. to prefer a younger grandfon
of Lewis XIV. to a prince fo remote
from them, and fo incapable to defend
them. This they faid would be no
violation of the folemn renunciations of
the mother, and queen of Lewis ^IV.
to the crown of Spain; since thefe had
been made on purpose to prevent the
clder fons from coming into possession
of the two kingdoms, and, for that
reason, they had chosen a younger son.

It would likewise be doing justice to the
right of blood, at the fame time that
it would preserve the Spanish monarchy
from a partition, The fcrupulous king
conSulted divines upon the point, who
were of the same opinion with his council.
He then, notwithstanding his sickness,
wrote with his own hand to the
Pope, desiring his opinion in the affair.
The Pope, who saw plainly that the liberty
of llaly depended greatly on the
bouse of Austria's being weakened,
wrote to Charts, that the laws of Spain,
and the welfare of Christendom, required
him to give the preference to the family
of Bourbon; this letter was dated
th 16th of Jidy, 1700. His holiness
we fee, of a case of confcience, made
a state affair, whilst his Catholic majesty
converted an important affair of state
into a ease of conscience.
Lewis KlV. was informed of thefe
proceedings, but his council had not
the least concern in this great event.
At this juncture there was not even an
ambassador at Madrid. Marshal d'Harcourt
had been recalled six months before,
the partition treaty, which France
was to Support by her arms, having
rendered her minister highly obnoxious
at the Spanish court. The French had
now only at Madind one of the Secretaries
to Harcourt's ambaffy, who managed
their affairs. This man has,
indeed, been stiled envoy in all the
gazettes, and historians generally copied
Srorn them ; but there is certainly a
wide difference betwixt real titles, and
those which are only nominal.
All Europe imagined that the will of
Charles II, had been intirely dictated by
the court of V.rsaides ; but the dying
prince had wholly consulted the interest
of his kingdom and the wishes, nay even
Sears of his subjects ; for the French
monarch had ordered a body of troops
to march to the frontiers of Spain, and
these were to be commanded by the
marshal d'Harcotrrf. Nothing, indeed,
is more true than this, that the reputation
of Lewis and the idea of his power
were the only negotiations yyhich o-
J A N U A R Y^ 1^.
perated in this revolution. Charles of
Austria, after having signed the ruin of^ ""
his own house, and the grandeur of
that of Bourhon, languished about a
month longer, and then ended his obfcure
life, in the thirty-ninth year of
his age. Perhaps it may not be altogether
ufeless, in order to Shew somewhat
of human nature, to mention,
that this monarch, a few months before
bis death, ordered the graves to be openedinthe
escurial of his father, mother,
and first queen, Maria Louish of
Orleans, who yyas sufpected to have
been poisoned by his command, and
kissed the remains of their bodies. In
this he either followed the example of
some ancient kings of Spain, or he was
desirous to accustom himself to the horror
of death, or had, perhaps, some
secret superstitious notion, that the
opening of these tombs yvould retard
his fatal hour.
The particulars of his will were kept
fo fecret, that the count de Harreiic,
ambassador from his Imperial majesty,
still flattered himself that the archduke
was nominated his Successor ; he waited,
for a considerable time, the issue of
the grand council held after the king'a
death; and, the duke de Atranfes at laic
approaching him with open arms, Harrac
made then no doubt that the archduke
was king, Vengo ad expedir ere a'e
la cash de Austria, I come to take my
leave of the house of Austria.
Lewis KlV. had now his choice, either
to adhere to the treaty of partition,
bv which France would be a gaincr;
or accept of the will, fo advantageous
to his family. He accepted, however,
of the testament, tho' he saw the
dangers which must ensue from having
a new war to Support. Europe Seemed
at first struck with amazement, and unable
to exert herleis, when she Saw the
monarchy of Spain become Subject to
France, her rival for three-hundred
years,
King William, who always continued
an enemy to the grandeur of Lewis
promised ta arm England and
Holland

^4
^ M A G A 2 l N E of^ M A G A 2 l ^ ^ ^
Holland, and also gained Denmark to Jiis
interest; and a treaty, which had
been, Sor Some time concerted, against
the Bourbon family, was signed at the
Hague, in September i yoo.
Leopold, the Emperor, first began
the war in Italy, in the Spring oS the
year i7os. He waited till the Germantic
body should come over to his
interest, before he would attack Lewis
on the side oS Germany. The Emperor
had a party in Spain, and a correspondence
there ; but no advantage
could be reaped from thence, unless one
of his suns was there in person, which
it was impossible to effect without the
assiststanee of the English and Dutch
fleets. King William did all in his power
to hasten the preparations, and also
intended to have headed the allied army
io the beginning os the year 1302.
Death, however, presented his design,
and deprived the yvorld of this great
man.
(^•reen on her ascension to the
throne, entered into all the measures of
king William. The dispositions made
by England, and Holland, in order, if
possible, to pot the archdude Charles
on the throne of Spain, or, at least, to
expose the ambition of the Bourbon family,
perhaps, deserves the attention
of all ages. Hollnd was to maintain
two-hundred thouSand troeopr to be employed
in the field, or kept in garrisons.
This. was more than the vast monarchy
os Spain could Surnish at this juncture.
A province os merchants, who had been
almost totally Subdued in two months,
about thirty years beSore, could now do
more than the sovereigns os Spain aVaples,
lianale.S, Pern, and Mexico. England
was to Surnish Sorty-thousand. Partics
in alliances generally Surnish lets
at length than they promised; England.
on the contrary, in the Second year of
the war, Seat fifty, instead of forty -
thousand men ; and, towards the end
os the war, she maintained, of her
eewn troope, and those of her allies,
tipon the frontiers of France, in Spain,
in Bale, in Irelanc^ in Anltricas and, in
a
her fleets, two-hundred and twentythousand
soldiers and Sailors.
The emperor was to furnish twentyfour
thousand men, exclusive of the
assistance os the empire, and those allies
whom he expected to detach from
the Bourhon family. Mean while, the
grandson of France reigned peacebly at
Meldeiil and Lewis Seemed now at the
height oS bis power and glory. But
those who could penetrate the sccrets
os the courts oS Europe, especially that
of France, began to apprehend a change.
Spain, which had been greatly weakened
under the late kings of the blood of
Charles V, become more So in the beginning
of the reign of a son of the
Bourbon family. The houfe of Austria
bad partisans in Several provinces of this
monarchy. Catalonia seemed ready to
shake off the new yoke, and to declare
for the arcbduke Charles. It was impossible
to conceive, that Portugal
would nor, sooner or later, espouse
the cause of the' Austrian family. It appeared
her interest to kindle, among
the Spaniarde, who were her natural
enemies, a civil war, by which Lisbon
must be a considerable gainer. The
duke of Saatay, though but just become
Sather-in-law to the king oS Spain, and
allied to the Bourbon family both by
blond and treaties, yet already appeared
dissatisfied with bis Son-in-law. He.
at first, received a monthly pension os
fifty-thousand livres, which was augmented
to fifty-thousand crowns ; but
this did not appear to him Sufficient ty
keep him in the Bourbon interest He
wanted, at least. to have Mont/erruS
and part of Milan given up to him.
The haughty treatment be experienced
from the French generals, and the ministry
of Versailles, gave him reafon to
suspect, that he would Soon be disregarded
by bis Sons-inlaw, who Surrounded
his dominions on all sides'
Engcne, at the head of thirty-thoufand
men, made a descent upon Italy,
by she bishopric of Trent and the territories
oS Venice, having a full power
to pursue what measures be thought

^ J A N U A R Y ,
proper. The French court, at sirst, at Staffarda and Marseille, was oblig-
Ordered marshal Cafinat not to oppose cd to Serve under him.
the passage of prince Eugene. This false [To he continued^.
step of the court made Catinat run into
many others ; for a general seldom
Succeeds, when obliged to Sollow a plan
not his own. Besides, it must he al- An Account of the new Entertainment, as
lowed extremely difficult, in Such a now acting at Drury-Lane, called
country, divided by So many rivers, to The Genii.
hinder the passage of a skilsul enemy,
Such as prince Eugene was ; who, to a A F T E R a pretty overture the
proSound depth os design, joined like- fa. rising curtain discovers the Scene
wise a Surprising quickness and activity oSa grove, Supposed to be Sormed by
in execution. The nature oSthe ground enchantment: It consists of leafy vvings
also, adjacent to the banks oSthe Adige, intermixed with flowers forming arches,
was Such, that the Imperialists were con- and terminates with an extensive confined,
while the French were Scattered tinuation : The top os the saine comand
more extended. Catinat was Sor position with the Sides, four Spirits in
passing over to the enemy ; but his lieu- Arabian dresses lean against the wings ;
tenant-generals started difficulties, and from the lower end enters Harlequiniri
Sormed cabals against him; he bad the deel's os an Arabian ptince, the outnot
ieSolution enough to Sorce them to side oS the Same parry -coloured stuff,
a compliance with his orders ; and this as usual, and lineal with silver tissue;
omission, arising Srom the moderation a turban, richly fancied, adorned his
ofhis temper, proved a fatal misconduct head, and, his hand guiding a wand,
Eugene first attacked the post os Corps', be walks melancholy to the front of
near the canal Bianco, defended by M. the stage ; a little winged genius,
St. Fremont, who not conforming ex- cloathed in blue and silver, endeavours
actly to the orders of his general, was by persuasion to dispel his gloom, and
dislodged, and driven from this impor- for a means recommends beauty.—
tant post. After this success, tbeGer- At a wave oflais little Yvand, four get ii.
mans became masters of all the country who had been in search of a propel;
berwixt the Adige and Aekbs ; they ev- object for their master's love, fly down
en penetrated into the territory os Brest with pictures ; he addresses hina'elf t a
ciano, and Catinat retired behind the them, and selects one ; the genii then
Gg/io. Meost of the best officers ap- fly up. and his particular genius adproved
of this retreat as extremely prn- vises him, in search of that for one,
dent ; nay we must add, that the want to mix among mankind, and exert Iris
of ammunition, which the government magic power; a dance of these our
had promised, but neglected to send, spoats is then introduced as to di ert
rendered it abfolutely necessary. The his melancholy, and monf Feryere re
courtiers, efpecially those who hoped presenting another joins them ; Haileto
supplant Catinat in his command, quin appears divested of his ft ate, and
exclaimed against his conduct, as a re- in his usual form dismisses his Spirit'.
proach to the French name. The A fcene of a sumptuous Street premarshal
de Villewi undertook to retrieve sents, the genius brings in Harlequin,
the honour os the nation. The con- and paints to him the houSe bis fair one
hdenCe with which he Spoke, and the inhabits ; Harlequin knocks ; the serassection
the king had for Irim, accord- vant enters, refuses ham admittance ;
lngly procured this general the com- a post-man brings letters to the hou e,
tnand tn Italy • and the marshal de and, while the servant is reading the
Catinat, notwithstanding his victories superscription, HatleOain, who stands
^ V D ^ behind
o

M A G A 2 1 N E nf M A G A Z I N E
behind the post-man, disrobes himfelf,
and. fastening his cloaths to him, the
post-man sinks, and leaves Harlequin
in his habit, who as such is admitted.
We next See a hall ; two tables covered
with trunk^ and cloaths ; the
beauty enters attended with a Servant,
and presently her Sather ; Srom their
dresses we may concludethem Polcndrrs-
The father. who is a kind oS pantaloon,
wears purple Sattin, edged with Sable
fur ; the daughter (whom Sor the future
we call Columbine) appears in
vellow ; her cloke, and each of the Sails
of her petticoat, are edged writh white
fut, the maid blue edged with black.
The pantaloon, packing up his cloatha,
seems to have forgot some thing, and
exits for it ; mean while, the servant
brings in Harlequin as the post-man,
be gives letters, looks with rapture on
Columbine, who goes out, and is followed
by Harlequin.
A fine chamber with a large looking-glaSs
and pictures seeming in the
fame lioufe, Colombine enters, followed
by her lover, in his own dress ; slie
Seems shy, and rejects his Suit, till music
playing in the air engages her attention,
which is yet height ned by the voice
of the genius, who Srom above urges
ber to fly with Harlequin ; which as
they do, the genius cries, ' Too late.'
Pantaloon entering forces Harlequin to
run through the wtainScot, which now
appears Sull oS books ; Pantaloon gives
CerIombine to the care os her mother.—
The text Scene is a street, through
which Harlequin is pursued, who, to
avoid his put Suets, enters a beautiful
garden; an arbour Sronta the stage;
covered with flowers, and among which
a multituele of Sun-flowers strike the
ey^ Harlequin being forced into the
arbour, it turns into an elegant fishmonger's
shop, and he appears the
matter. Pantaloon, musing Harlequm,
comes to buy fish ; many real ones
are produced, Some oS which he buys ;
and, going out, bis Servant follows,
after having bern sufficiently bit by
the nose by the lobster's claw, and
made almost drunk in recompence by
the fishmonger, who, putting the marketing
in a tray, Sollows.
The chamber is discovered, Colombine
is locked in by her mother, Pantaloon
is followed hy the clown and
fishmonger ; Colombine Secing his habit
under his apron rejoices, and, while
the Sather goes for his purse to pay Sor
the fish, escapes with him ; Pantaloon
returns, and, expressing great disorder,
Sollows, after exiling the maid, and other
little incidents, another pursuit of
both Harlequin and Colombine, who
cross the street and enter a tavern built
of maable, designed and executed in
an extraordinary manner ; a Sumptuous
side-board of china, &c. and on a table,
an elegant entertainment is Set, for
Some of which Harlequin bargains, and
Sends the mistress out, but she returning
inSorms them os the Sather just entering
; the tavern is hereupon transformed
into a water-mill with real
water; Harlequin comes it, lihe the
miller ; Colombine, looking inadvertctitly
out oS the window, is Scizedand
carried off
The Street is next, and Colombine is
Sorted along, and put fuse into the
houSe. .
We next heboid a Scene ofcragged
rocks. Harlequin, now despairing sor
bis mistress, lies on the ground ; his
Saitlisul genius bearte.ra him, remind;
binaufhis magic pov.et, and, to amute,
raifes Sour Suraes, who bringing in Sour
female partners Sorm in a dance ; Monsieur
Devise and Madam Augufle, as
the two principal, join them in dresses
riclaly adorned ; the genius goes out
with the Harlequin to try Some mea^s
oS gaining her.
Pantaloon is Seen crossing she sta^e
as going to another house, in the inside
oS which is discovered a new chamber
Scene ; an old man, an old woman,
their son and daughter, are drinking ^
coffee, a Servant waiting ; the young
one in Scarlet edged wills Sur, makn^
a fop. even in that country, feems to
be designed to marry Colombine : h^

^ J A N U A R Y ,
her enters, they all Seem to agree
and go out to execute the writings,
leaving Blakes arrd his man : Alter
Some display of foppery, a ease is brought
Srom whence is drawn out an en.rrmous
muff, and thro' the caSe issues a figure
dressed just like the Sop, though in miniature
; and, Srom the black face, we
may SuppoSe it to be either Harlequin
contracted to the stature of a child, or
else his SaithSul genius ; the Sop Sees
him, is Srighted, and aSter beholding
each other, they draw and engage, the
little Sop eluding all his passes ; Pantaloon
enters, and cannot See the little
one, who stall terrifies the Sop; they
exit and cross the street, and er.ter Colombine's
chamber ; Columbine and
her intended SpouSe are Seated on each
side a table, on which, when be would
nndreSs her, the little fop appears and
frightens him t Pantaloon entering, he
absconds behind Columbine's petticoats,
and as the fop would kiSs bet, still
stares in his face, and at length runs
off with her —Next, a pursuit ; then
behold a brick-kiln, brick- makers at
work ; Harlequin and Columbine enter
and bribe the men, who, on the entry
of the pursuers, beSmear tbem with the
clay, toelude their Search- Harlequin,
polling off his dress, appears in that of a
reaper, and the brick-kiln turns to a field
oS real bailey, the flat scene continuing
the view ; fome reapers ate at work,
who reap and gather into real sheaves,
and Colombine, quite like a rural maid,
gleans alter them ; they all exit, and
in a street the pursuers enquire os a
carpenter cartying a deal; he points
them out. Now drope a Scene, containing
a rural proSpect, which exceeds
any landskip yet Shewn on the stage,
a leather bottle hung out, the Scene
rises and leaves them in a field, where
they all dance, till Pantaloon and the
rest crossing put them in disorder.
After Some pursuits, we See a woodyard,
piles os deals, and a wharf with
v^ater running by ; Pantaloon Spies
them there, comes to tbem, and by
the help os Harlequin, the wood-yard
shews you Westminster-bridge, with
all the proSpect through the arches ;
they cross it Several times. and not Succeeding,
they come to the houSe oS a
conjurer, whom he employs to aid
them, but all in vain. Columbine is
discovered with Harlequin, she languishing
Sails on the ground, the genius enters
to them, and tells them danger
is near ; they exit, and the pursuers
entering are led by aerial muSic caused
bv the genius, till they come to the
Scene oS rocks ; there Harlequin and
Columbine are seated on a pile oS them,
but Soon aScend in aSofa, that was be-
Sore hid by the craggy rocks ; the
Scene is hereupon changed to the palace
oS Harlequin, who now appears in all
his grandeur, dismisses his rival with a
Srown, but retains Pantaloon with
great courtesy ; they Seat themSelves
and are entertained with a dance of
Spirits, Monsieur Ferrere at their head;
and Pantaloon, giving hisconSent, closes
the entertainment.
I must here reconsider the last Scene,
which beggars all description ; the naoit
romantic Eastern account of Sumptuous
palaces are but Saint to this display of
beaury, this glow of light, this profusion
of glittering gems, which adorn
the wole, and much exceeds all expectation.
January 30, 1753.
Arcount of the Weather continued
BAROMETER.
Highest 3o
Lowest 2^. the toinst. with rainy
temtsestuous weather, wind W. S. W.
Greatest variation in one day
Common station 30
THERMOMETER.
Highest 49 degrees.
Lowest 38 deg 24th hard frost, wind N.
Common station 43 degrees,
Greatest variat. m one day 5 decrees.
.D a Thato

M A G A 21 N ^ nf M A G A 2 1 ^ E
Tbermometet,in the open Air, in London,
Highest 43. Lowest 32.
Greatest variation between any two
mornings, 7 degrees.
The weather ^n this month, tho'
Sometimes variable, has been mostly incline
to cold, fair, and Srosty and in
the city, a Sew days excepted, very
dark. The wind was often northerly,
and when from theS. and S. W. points,
generally blustering, with cold rain or
sleet.
The variations were not however So
Suldcii, or Sensible, as to affect the general
health in a very eminent degree :
except in chronick disorders os the
breast. as asthmas, peripneumonia, arid
dcstuxions which were very frequent
about the beginning of the month, and
were fatal to mat^y.
Some flow continual fevers have
likewise appeared, and terminated variously,
some with benign Agthe,
which appeared critical. or else with
military eruptions, not in the neck and
breast only, but over the whole body.
This kind of sever Seldom admits of
" any evacuation, after the disease is once
confirmed. except by blisters, and moderate
Sweats : and these, if profuse, are
mrostly prejudicial, and the former almost
always so, when applied very
e rrly, as is ton much the general praclice
osthose. wsho by a pernicious cuss
lom, are commonly the first consulted :
and who Seldom fail to advise bleeding
and flittering almost in the Same breath,
and Such medicines. as they Suppose
•will promote the most plentiful Sweats :
^ so that in two or three days, it osten
happens that the sick have undergone
every Species oS pharmaceutical directson
; 2nd are then Surrendered unnecessarily
enSeebled, into the bands of
the physician, who can only lament the
loss of those forces. which, he Sees
himself. deprived of. to combat the
diseaSe ; and Submit lo a ledious attendance
and a doubtful prognostic^ than
which Scarce ianv thing is so disagreeable
to the rational and humane practitinner.
a
GENTLEMEN,
E following piece of ill- nature may
seem hardly to deserve a phrce in vour
useful collection. it must have been wrote
by seme poor Cornuto, asvbo makes as much
rout as Othello bocause forsooth his wise
has parted with her heyndlerchicf ; or
e/se by jane sea/our keeper, wbo would
fain lock np hie eWistref . and introdirce two
fashions of a// other tbo most ahborrnd of
the suir sex, i mean vei/i and eunuchs.
However as it and/ give rnysely and many
mere die pleasure of sbowing our zeal
for tbo defence of the bodies, I beg you
would infort it in your next Magazine,
neboch will mutch eh/ipe, among others,
your new correseondeut but old admirer,
P G
The cheriest maid is prodigal enough,
If she unmask her hesury to the moon,
tstAassPsua's Ham.
r T IJE tender concern oS Laertes Sor
I. the honour and happiness oS his
sister never Sails to touch the generous
affectionate boSom. The ladies are too
nearly concerned not to be affected with
it t and one would hope, they aie likewise
not inSensible oS the wisdom and
propriety oS his parting advice, whi h
is not less worthy oS the man of fenfe,
than expressive of the brother's love.
It is the common misfortune of the
fair lex to take up their notions of things
from thtise who are least in their true
interest. What a father. or a husband.
Says to them, they think has too mueh
the air of command. If a brother or
other relation councel them for their
good, it is still advice, a thing not vert
often agreeable to a young lady
whereas from the rest ofthe other Sc^.
they meet with a greater deference, atu
are generally sure of hearing Opinions
more agreeable to their inclinations
.When we differ in our views, it t^ ^
w vender we give different opinions. ^
lauSband would be glad to keep his
to hianself; but he that hopes to sh^
her Savours with him has plainly a dil'
serent interest , is it likely then th^

^ ^ J A N U A R Y , ^
Should agree as to what behaviour be- which is more to the purpose, under
comes a wise ? A father, or a brother, the censure os good Sense. The Sprctaiwould
wish to keep the honour ofhis tor took the liberty to tell the ladies of
family from Stain, and the happiness oS their naked shoulders'; with what sucone
he loved Srom being for ever ruin- cess, l think we are not informed.
ed ; this is his motive for desiring to see Manv later attempts lave been to no
a strict regard paid to the outworks of purpofe. But as woman was intended
virtue, the rules oS decency and modes- Sor our happiness, it must certainly'be
ry : he that hat ^contrary end in view, worth while to endeavour the cortecti-,
it is not Strange should purstte it by on of any error that makes her less ami-^
Contrary means,ard,preacbuptheedi- able to ns than she would otherw ale be.
Sving doctrine^ oS innocent gaiety and That her being So very communicative
harmleSs freedom^ Thus is a kind oS osher charms has that effect cannot be
reserved behaviour in woman praised or denied. The very nature of honouradiscommended
as we are respectively ble love implies an exclusive possession
interested. It is very natural to be oS mind and person t if a woman will
pleased with advances from a fine wo- grant the greater Savours to others, she
man; and many os us would be glad to is Sure of losing our affections; and
See the rest oS the world as gay as polsi- thole as less conSequence have Still a
ble, provided w'e could keep up a little proportionable effect, and tend tea lessen
SeriouSness in our own families. The our esteem. The men would be well
best rule that any young lady could contented to be less Savoured in this
possible have for a just and proper be- matter, as is evident enough from the
hraviout, would be to carry herself in customs of those countries where they
the manner most agreeable to those who arbitrarily prescribe to the other Sex ; be
are interested in her welSare and her sides, there is another consideration— Some
character. Se might ask herself, how things are of fo delicate a nature one
should I act now if mv father was by t knows not how to Speak of them : but
Or, how would my beother wish me to might it not be asked, does not there
behave^ Their honour is concerned in feem to be fome^ appearance of indeher
conduct, they are called upon by cency in the present fashion? Some
the voice of nature to wish her well, little deviation irom that maxima reveand
have besides the advantage oS the rentier which is due Srom a daughter to
by -Sander. oS Seeing more than they a sat her, oS a mother to her son ? Methat
are themSelves engaged. thinks l should be unwilling to mention
There is no one point, l am persua- Aouh's sens on this occasion.
ded wherein these her best friends would The only excuse l have ever board
be more unanimous. than in dlsapprov- made Sor this strange fashion is——that
ing the fashion, which now fo much it is the fashion. That is a reason so saprevails
among the ladies, of unmasting tisfactory for doing any thing. that it
their beauties, and making them pub/irk would almost make one believe, that
—— it would be rude to fay common. right and wrong. modesty and ienano-
Many even os the married ladies are destv, have no distinct natures os their
pleased to countenance this practice, by . own, and are but other words for
their laudable example : the reason of fashionable and unfashionable. How
which is difficult to be found ; unless it dees it happen that what is flagrant lobe,
that they choose the rest of the decency in one age Should be consistent
world should enjoy the pleasure of Ac- with the strictest decorum in another f
iaon, the better to secure a certain part ^ liv is that immodest in an undress.
as his punishment sor their bu^iande. which in a full dress is no Such thm^ ^
Tl lis favourite fashion has frequent i v 01 how are we to account frr a lady's
come under the lash of Satire, and, bein^ frtghtr.cd at havnig laalf 4s much

Tr^ M A G A 2 l N 2 ofMAGA21NE^,
os ber neck discovered by accident, as undressing themselves in this manner,
the will purposely in an hour or two that the French ladies did so before ehem.
display to the whole world? But e- There are other intimacies, arid still
nough of this : it leads to a dangerous greater instances of nnrelervedneSs to
notion which the ladies would not like the gentlemen, which our ladies may
to have encoura^d, that their modesty learn from the French ; and great addi-
is but fashion as well as ther immotions they will he to our English behadesty
; and consequently their coyness viour. I would not be SuSpected of
but ^ affectation, and their blushes what making national reflections, which com-
they learned at the boardmg-Scnool. mon justice forbids : what is no levity
That fashions should fo often vary in a French woman may be fo in the
from our jusiest notions oS right and highest degree in one of another coun-
wrong is not a thing to he wondered try. No doubt then manners and
at : they commonly lake their rife Srom fashions are Suited to their own genius
the court or the Stage ; neither of which, aid Semper : to ours they are not : and
I think, is reckoned the Schead of vir- are just as proper in us, as a grotto
tue. What is strange in the matter is, would be at .dirbau^il, or a Shade of
that Sashions cool rived Sear particular gause upon an' Iceland beauty.
purposes should be adopted by theSe ALrm and Eve, we read, were na-
who have no occasion fur them. MaSked, and were not astnrmed That was
querades were invented to carry on in- m she state os innocence, and besides,
trigues t and what have they to do they w ere by ehemSelves : whereas a
there who have no such design. The modern fine lady beSore the eyes of all
hoop-petticoat, they fay, was first con- the world can be naked and not ashamed.
trived to hide the frailty of a maid of No body indeed seems to imagine a
honour: ablurd as it seemed, the fasbi- return of the state of innocence to be a
on took : yet we mult not imagine all jot the nearer on that account: nor with-
are trail alike who wear a hoop-pettistanding the pious attempr that was
coat. The modern hesop indeed, unless made at Ranejanh to bring us back So
the fashion be altered lately, would our original simplicity. Not that Such
hardly anfwer the original intention : we a project is wholly chimerical ,• for we
must suppose it was made Sor Some end learn Srom Mrs. Cou Phillips (artao'u,
that it does anfwer : probably then it many other as valuable things to he
was the invention of Some lady of plea- learnt from ber) that use by degrees So
Sure, in order to shew the beauty of far overcame prejudice, thai She could
her leg. It is not long Since we saw without horror bear the sight of a naked
the whole pobte female world proud of man. It must be owned to be a strong
following a fashion begun by one of proof os her serupolous veracity, that.
that most noble order. .As to the fasti- considering her delicacy, she did not
ion os naked-shoulder'd and open omit the circumstance of the jolly ^ju
breasted, that has been of very ant rent marie a boatmen.
Handing, among ihr.se of the aforesaid Dress began with fig-leaves: the
eader. But, in the name os decency, fashion has prevailed almrest universalis
how could it get footing among the yet there still are two ot three poltit
ladies of Png/rnd, whose beauty and nations who chose to appear in nature .
unwatcbed chastity have been the ho- livery. As no one can tell where a
nour os them and their country through fashion may stop, one would not call
the world ^
them brutes too rashly. Yet, if one
This. I suppose, among other im- bad lived two hundred years ago, one
provements, might come from onr good might have ventured to have Said, with-
heiahbuurs ; and it must be rnalon eout sear as being thought extravagant.
l'-agn for our lamias dred^g, or rather that if there really was, any thing m it
a

^ J A N U A R Y ,
rn mndestv, than what depended upon
custom, whatever was characteristical
of sex would, fo long at least as we remained
a civilized people, Srom the
principles os decency, he concealed.
The Spartans, wre are told, obliged
their virgins to have slits in their garments
in order to shew the beauty of
their skins. This was a law for the
furtherance of matrimony ; a political
law, and like many of their others not
founded upon the principles of exact
morality. But even at Sp.srta the married
women were restrained from every
thing os this nature ; and the young
ladies had it to plead for themselves,
that the laws obliged them to do that
which was not their own choice, or
quite agreeable to their delicacy . There
is still a greater refinement in Gudever's
nation of lloaryhnhnmr, who held it he
tells us, < impossible that nature
< should make us ashamed to shew any
' thing that nature gave.' The Venetians
have some how or other chanced to
differ form this exalted sentiment, and
will allow none to esrpyose their beauties,
unless they are for sale. I forget
whether the law does not oblige all
that dress like courtesan to gratify any
man that will pay them. Such a law
amon^ us l dare not propose. Sor the
respect l bear the slear delinquents.
Yet, l hope, the unmarried ladies wall
be pleased to own tbey come into the
fashion for the fame reason as the Spartan
virgins, in ord-y ^ ger lovers.
The married ladies will then in honour
be obliged to cover ; the young ladies
will be rid of so many rivals ; and we
shall be got more than balS way towards
a reformation.
What a very odd kind of tale must
the distraction of Posthumus ^ ratow pass
lor ! at least with the true modern critic.
To heay us the private marks as
his imagen was enough to convince him
of what ten thouSand oatha would not
slave made him Suspect.
. . • on her lest breast
cenqtrc spotted ,
^ ^Cymkeline, Shakesp.
This was a charming Secret he thought
could he known only to himself, or
could never be revealed to any one but
what had made too Sree with his honour.
What an unreasonable creature
would a man now be reckoned, who
could think the worse os his lady, only
becauSe he beard her footman cornnaenting
upon her private marks;
which might very well happen without
any impeachment os her honour, ot,
as she might tell you perhaps, hat modesty
either.
In painting and Sculpture, as being
arts that lpeak to the eyes, and hate no
tongue to make excuses with, the artists,
iS they would not offend, must
necessarily have recourse to our natural
ideas as propriery. The figures os
Virtue. Chastity, Bastifulness, &e. we
may observe, are always cloathed wills
tbe utmost regard to decency : those
as Pleasure. Wantonness, Impudence,
&c. are constantly represented in a less
relerved habit, and in a fashion not fo
unlike as l could wish to that of a modern
fine lady. I beg pardon of the
ladies for the Sreedom of this remark.
which I hope the truth os it will excose
: but if not, l must tntreat them
to consider, that it is in their power to
alter, whiob fact cannot do.
LAERTES.
The Block Srssiancatthe OLD Ba lLESr,
accounted for.
(Tina D-. Pre a ^ease's Observations on the
Diseases as the Army.l
|N the year 175o, on the I 1th os
| Man (N. the sessions began at the
Old Baaley, andc ontitaueaS for sotaae dnys ;
in winch time a great number os criminals
were tried, and there was present
in the coust a greater multitude
than usually attends. The hall in the
Old Baily, is a loom of no more than
about 3 o foot square. Now whether
the air was at first tainted from the bar,
by some os the prisoners, then ill os

3^
the goal distemper, or by the general
nncieanliness of Such persons is uncertain
; o Since from ihe latter cauSe, it
will be eosv to account Sor its corruption
; estoecially aseit was So much vitiated
by the foul steams of the Bail-
Dock, and of the two rooms opening
into the court, in which the prisoners
were the whole day crouded ^ together,
till they were brought out to be tried :
and, it appeared afterwards that these
places had not bern cleaned Sor Some
years. The poisonous quality of the
air was still aggravated by the beat
and closeness as the court, and by the
perspirable matter of a great number
oS all Sorts os people. penned up Sor
the most part os the day, without
breathing the Sree ait, or receiving any
resreshment. The bench consisted of
fix person- whereof four died, together
with two or three of the Counsel,
one of the under sheriffs, several of the
Mi'dstaseX jurv and others present. to
the amount of above Sorty in the whole;
without making allowance tor those of
the lower rank, whoSe death may not
have bern heard of, or including any
that did nor sicken within a fortnight
after the said sessions.
^ 1 have been informed. that at the Sessions.
about a hundred were tried ; who were all
kept in those derse places as long as the court
lac. and that eaabeoom was but r4 soot bv
sr. and y font bigh. The ^uil Leek is also
a S.o all room taken from one of the corners
or the const, and less open at the top; in
whiasr. .faring the trials, are pot Some of the
malefactors. chat have hern also under the
esoSeiS e. ufinemerrr.
k It b dbeeu the custom, Some days besore
euery sellinns to remove all the ma'. fact. rs
fre.ew the other ga^Sa into .V.wgate already ton
moah erc.wd d. At soch time, ;ao may he
confined within that narrow space; and it is
wol. Sua.. wn haw nasty Ssoth this and all the
lest are kept.
I Sir .Vwwu 1 P uaaa t. ther ford mayor,
ford chief justice, rwojndge , Sir Thorns Ab-
uay. SSarou Carke, end ^rr D. Lmab.rf alder -
n ^
MAG A 2 IN E ^f M A G^ 1 N E
It is remarkable that the Lord ChieS
Justice and the Recorder, who Sat on
the Lord Mayor's right hand, eScaped,
whiht he himSeIS, with the rest of the
bench on bis lest, were seiaed with the
infection ; and that the alledllsec jury,
on the same side oS the court, lost fo
many, whilst the London jury, opposite
to them, received no harm ; and that
of the whole multitude, but one or two
or at most a Small number oS thole that
were on the fide of the court to the
mayor's right hand, were taken ill-
Some unacquainted with the dangerous
nature of putrid essiavia, have aScribed
both this circumstance, and the sickness
in general, to a cold taken by opening
a window, by which a stream of air
was directed to the side of the court on
the Lord Mayor's left hand : But it is
to be observed, that the window was
at the farthest and os the room from the
bench. tho' the judges Suffered moth
Neither could the krnd of the sever,
or the inurtabty attending it, be imputed
to any such cause It is therefore
probable, that the fresh air directed
the putrid steams to that part .is the
ce.urt abovemenlioned. This indeed
mult be granted, that all Sceptic pa. trclaa
pailinginto the blood. become more
active and fatal, if tire infected person
catches cold. or by any accident sailers
a stoppage of perspiration ; for a free
perforation is thecleief means by whreir
the blond is freed from any morbtiiek
matter of that kind.
e^. a^. ^s .^s ^ ^s e^e e^s a^, e

J A N U
Is entirely in their hands. An account
of this extraordinary establishment, of
the policy oS these fathers, and of the
im prose merits they have made in a
Wild uncultivated country, may afford
Some useful hints and instructions to
those who have the direction ofour colonies
in North Auierica s it may point
out to them the proper methods to be
pursued ita order to gain the friendship
and confidence of the Indians, and wall
shew them the great advantages which
would accrue to this nation by civilizing
and instructing them, and by converting
a herd of rude lawless Savages
into a regular and well ordered commutiny.
Your constant reader, L. D.
" The territories oSthe missions os
Parngitny comprehend not only the province
of that name, but also a ^eat
part oSthe provinces of Santa Crust de la
Sierra, Tucuinan and Buco.or .-dyres. The
temperature of the air is good, tho'
Somewhat moist, and in Some parts rather
cold: the Soil in many places isfertile,
and prnduces in threat abundance
not only the Sruits and vegetables peculiar
to America, but also tliofe ol Eurypr,
which have been introduced there.
The cbies articles oS their commerce
are, cotton, tobacco, Some Sugar, and
the herb called Paraguay. Every town
gathers annually more than 2o00 arrobas
of cotton, of a quarter of an hundred
weight each, which the Indians
manufacture into stusts. There are also
great quantitiesof tobacco produced:
but the cbies article is the herb Paraguay,
Sor it grqws only in the districts
of the missions, and there is avast con-
Sumption of this herb in all the provinces
of Chile' and Pcrsr, especially of that
called Camini, which is the pure leaf,
the inSusion oS which is called Mate,
and is drank by the inhabitants os Lima
twice a day in lieu of tea or chocolate:
the mate, which is made bv the insusion
osthe flask it net So much esteemed.
'Tis noYv about a century and a
^aalfsincethese missions were fiast let cn
Vet. V.
faotbv the iefuitst lite bad tnanaerement
of the Portuguese greatly favc.ur'd
the views of these fathers : There was
anation of Indians cail'd Guaranios, fome
w Stereos were fettled upon the banks of
the rivers L'y u^uea^ and Parana, and others
an hundred leagues higher up in the
country to the north west of Guriyra ;
the Portuguese frequently came upon
lent, and by force carried awav as many
at they thought proper to theit
plantations and made Saves os them ;
Offended by fucll treatment the. GUaraaies
resolved tco quit their Settlemetita
in the neighbourhood of the Portuguese,
and to remove into the province of Para
aguay. Accordingly a migration of
l 2o00 persons great and fnia'rl ensued.
These the Jesuits Soon converted, and
having had the like Success in converting
about an equal number of the natives
of Tape, a district in Paraguay. they united
the two nations, and laic^ the Soundation
oStheir Suture dominion. These
fathers feem to have trad in the Steps
of the first lncas, and to have civthaed
nations and converted foials in order to
acquire subjects.
According to a very e^act accountaken
in the year 1^34, there were '
then 3t towns ofthe Guar -n.es, which
were reckoned to contain above
3o,oCo families, and as the new converts
were continually increasing, they
were then about laying the foundations
of three new towns. There were also
then seven. very populous towns inhabited
bv the converted Chiquito Indians,
and they were preparing to build cithers
for the receprion of the Dew converts
of that nation wheli were daily
made.
The missions of Paraguay' are Surrounded
on all Sides with wild or unconverted
Indians : Some os whom live
in friendship with the towns, but otbeia
hartals tbem by frequent incursions.
The father-missionaries frequently visit
these Indians and preach to them, and
from these expeditions they le'dom return
without bringing along witb tbem
some new to^at'trld i. incorporate witls
o
theit

.,^4 ^ M A G A 2 1 N 2 ofMAGA21N^^,
their civilized Subjects. In the performance
of this Duty they sometimes penetrated
too leagues into thofe uncultivated
tracts where wild Indians range,
and it is observed that they meet with
the least Success amraagst those nations
with whom any fugitive Mestizo, or
Spanish criminals have taken refuge.
The diligence of lhefe Sathers is certainly
worthy the imitation os the protestant
clergy,
Every town has its curate, who is assisted
by one, and very often bv two
priests of the fame order, according to
the largeness and extent of the town
and its district. These two or three
priests, together with fax boys who assist
them in the service os the church,
form a Small college in every town.
wherein the hours and other exercises
are regulated with the fame formality
and exactness as in the large colleges
in the cities of Pern and Chile. The
most troublefome part of the duty of the
assistant priests are the personal visitations,
which they are obliged to make to
. the Indian- to p'ever.t their giving themselves
up to idleness ; for such is the
slotbfulnels of the Guaranics that if they
were not very carefully looked after.
the society would receive no benefit or
advantage Srom them • They also
attend the piblic shambles, where the
cattle necessary for the Sustenance of the
Indians ate daily slaughtered, and distribute
the flesh amongst all the families
in the town, in proportion to the number
of persons whereof each family confists
; so that all may have wbat is necessary,
none what is Superfluous. They
also visit the sick, and see that they are
properly taken care of They are generally
employed the whole day in these
astaint, So that they have seldom time
to assist the curate in his Spiritual functions.
All the hoys and girls in the parish
go to church every slay in the week.
^except on festivals and Sundays) where
they are instructed by the curate : on
Sundays the whole parish goes to church
to be instructed. The curate is besides
obliged to go to confess the sick, and
to administer the viaticum to those wha^
desire it, and also to perform all the other
functions peculiar to this office.
In strictness the curates should heappointed
in this manner. The society
should nominate three persons to the
governor of Buenos elyres (in whose government
the missions of Par^igueey are
included) as berng vice-patron of the
missions, that he may choose one of
them for curate, and the curates should
be instructed in the duties of their office
by the bishop : but as the provincials
of the order can best judge who are properly
qualified for the office, the governor
and bishop have ceded their
rights to them and by them the curates
are always appointed.
The missions of the Gnaranies, and
the missions of the Chiquites into which
the missions of Paraguay are divided,
have each their distinct father soperior,
by whom the coadjutors or assistant-curates
of the several towns in their resocctive
divisions are appointed These
superiors are continually visiting the
towns to fee that lhey be well governed,
and to endeavour to improve
and augment them : they likewise from
time to time take care to Sand out some
Satbera oS the order into the countries
oS the wild Indians lo make new converts.
The better to enable him eo
discharge these duties the Superior of
the Guaranies is assisted by two vice Superiors,
one oS whom resides in Parana.
the other upon the banks of the river
Uruguay, and the Superior himSelf resides
in the town of Candeloria. The
post of superior of the Chiynites is not
near So troublesome as that of the s u -
perior of the Guaranies, for the ChiquitoS
are not only less numerous, but
much mote docile and industrious than
the Guaranies, So that they need not be
continually watched and attended in order
to prevent their idleness.
The king allows an annual stipend
of 300 pezas to each curate os the
Guaraniet, for the maintenance as himself
and his assistants: the money is
paid to the superior, who issues out
^ monthly

^ J A N U A R Y , 3^
monthly to each curate as much as is alcaldes, are all Indians os the hest caoecessary
feor his subsistence. and when parities, and are in effect only fo many
they want any thing extraordinary their overseers, appointed by the curate, and
wants are supply 'd upon application to dignified with these empty titles.
bim. But the Chiqaitas maintain their Every town ha^ts armoury, or maown
curates. In every town tharc is gazine, in which are lodged the fire
a plantation Set apart for the m urate- arms and other weapons, wherewith
nance of the curate, W hich is cultivated the militia are armed when they take
hv the joint labour of all the inhabitants. the held, to repel the irruptions oSthe
The produce of these plantations isge- Fortnguest and wild Indians. The minerals
more than Sufficient for the Inia are very dextrous and expert in
subsistence osthe curates, and the Sur- the management oS their arms, and are
plus is sold to buy ornaments for the exercised on the eves os festivals in the
churches. Squares or public places of the towns.
Nor are the curates the Spiritual rec- The militia is composed of all those
tors of the towns only. they are also in who are able to bear arms, they are
effect the civil governors. It is true formed into companies which have eacb
there are in every town of the missions, a proper nuniberaif officers chosen from
a governor, regidores, and alcaldes, as amongst those who are most distinguishthere
are in other towns and cities un- ed for judgment and conduct. Tho
der the Spanish government. But tho' drefs oSthe officers is rich, adorned with
the gswernor is elected by the Indians, gold and silver, and the device oS tho
be must he approved by the curate be- town to whicb they belong : they al-
Sore he enters upon bis office. nor can ways appear in their uniforms on sestibe
chastize or punish delinquents with- vals and on. the days of military exercise.
out the curate's permission. The cu- The governor, alcaldes, and regidorea
tafeexamins those who are accused of have also proper rohes and dresses Suioffences,
and, is he finvSs them guilty, table to their respective offices in which
delivers them to the governor to be they appear on public occasions.
punished, according to the nature and There are schools in every town in
quality of the offence committed. which the common people are taught
He sometimes orders them to be im- reading and writing. and alio musick
priSoned Sor a few days, sometimes to and dancing. In which arts they befast,
and when the fault is considerable, come very skillful : The Jesuits are very
to be whipped, which is the severest pu- careful in consulting the natural bent
nishmcntthat is ever inflicted. Forthe and genius of their scholars and in deregulations
and instructions of the cu- recting their studies and application aerates
have been So efficacious, that mur- Cordingly. The lads oS the most proder
and Such like henions crimes ate ne- masinggeniua are taught theL.altiutongue
ver here committed. And even before with great Success. In one of the court
they undergo these gentle corrections, yards of every curates house are varithe
curate discourses the offenders in a ous shops or work houses of painters.
mild friendly manner, and endeavours carvers, gilders, silver-fmitha, carpetloexcise
in them a due sense of their ters, weavers, and a bookmakers, and
crime and of the ill consequences that of several tot her mechanicks and artlnnght
flow from it, and to convince aant, who daily work for the publick
them that they merit a much greater under the direction of the coadjutors.
punishment than ia inflicted. This mild and at the fame time teach the youth
treatment prevents tumults and inlitf their respective arts, and occupations.
rectaona, and acquires the curates uni- The churches are large, well built.
verlal veneration and esteem. The al- finely decorated and er,lightened, and
caldesare chosen annually by the regi- not inferior to the richest in Peru, Each
^^s ; The govea^or, regidores,. and church has a choir oI musi^, compos,

St^'C M A G ly 2 1 N 2 of M A G A Z I N E
ed os instruments os all Sorts, and very
good voices, So that divine service is
celebrated here with as much pomp
and Solemnity as in cathedrals : nor are
the publick process's lefs Splendid, eS.
pecially that oS the host, which, whenever
it is carried abroad, is attended
by the go^rncs. alcaides, and regidores,
in their robes, and also by the
militia in a budy.
The henses oS the Indians are as well
hiiilt and as well Surnish'd as most oS the
Spanish houses in Peru. The greatest
part indeed have mudwafls, others are
b rilt with brick, and Some with Stone,
b it all are cover'd with liles. In every
town there is an house where gunpowder
is. made, that they may never
want it when they are obliged to take
arms, and always have it ready to
make artificial fireworks on rejoemg
days : Sor all festivals are here observed
with as great ceremony and exactness
as indhe greatest cities. Upon the proclamation
of a new king of Spain, the
governor , alcaldes, regidores, and offcers
of the militia, appear dressed in
new robes and uniforms of a different
fashion Srom thole they wore beSore.
There is a Sort oS a convent in esery
town, one part whereof are confined
women of an ill life, and the other part
is destined for the reception of married
women. who have no family, and who
retire thither when their husbands are
abSent : For the maintenance of this
house, and sor the support of orphans,
and of old .and infirm people, all the
inhabitants of the town work two days
in every week, and the profits of their
I about, which is called, the labour of the
eemmUn.'tyt arc Set apart for this purpose.
lithe produce of this labour be
more than is necessary for therr subfi.
fierce, the Surplus is laid out to buy
ecrnameiits Sorthe churches, and clashes
for the orphans and aged and infirm
people; fo that here are ro beggars,
r or any who want the necessaries of life.
in short, by the wise policy and prudent
regulations oS the Jesuits, the whole
ootnmutlry enjeoys peace and happiness.
The Guaranles are So preside and
negligent, that the curates are obliged
to take into their hands all their goods
and stuffs as Soon as they are manufactured
and made ready for Sale, otherwise
they would waste and destroy them
and not he able to maintain themselves.
The Chiquitos. on the contrary, are diligent
and Srugal, So that the curates
have no other trouble with them than
the assisting them in the disposal os their
goods, and procuring returns for them.
For this purpose, the Society keeps a
factor or procurator at Sauta Fie and.
Buenos Airres, to whom the merchandize
oS the missions is sent to be disposed of^
and these factors return the value to
the fathers in Such forts of European
commodities as are wanted The goods
os esery town are kept Separate, and
the royal taxes are taken out os thens
without any other discounts, or allowances,
fave the stipends of the curates
of Guarauitr, and the pensions of s h e
caciques. The fathers choose to manage
the commerce of their subjects
ttemSelves, lest they should contract vices
by their communication with othcr
people. In this refpect the fathers
are so careful that they will nnt foster
any of the people of Pern, whether
they be Spaniards, Mistices or Indians,
to enter into the territories ofthe missions.
They fay that the Indians are bait
just recovered from a barbarous and dissolute
way oS lafe, and that their manners
are now pure and innocent, but
that if strangers were suffer'd to come
among them, the Indians would foon grt
acquainted with people of loose lives ;
and as theGnaranirs especially are very
prone to vice, wickedness, disorder, and
rebellion, would foon be inlreiduced,
the society would lose all the fouls they
have converted, and their little repoblick
would be utterly subverted However
there are some who Sufpect that
these are all Specious pretences. and
that the Society's real motive Sor prohibiting
all intercourse with strangers, is
the Sear of rivals in the beneficial com^
meroe of Paraguay, winch is now entirely
in lheit hands. Natural

^ J A N U A R Y ,
plural Geography, recommended by
Dr. Burnet.
1T1HEN I read in your Mag oSDec.
^ fast (p. 567) the Speech oSthe
governor oS South Carolina, theSe clauses
of it, which l have added in the note o,
brought to my mind the description of
a philosophical Set oS mapr in Dr. Burnett's
Theory oS the Earth. B. I. Ch. ii.
the want oS which this patriot governor
and the States os his province must sensibly
Seel, iS they yvould in earnest and
to good purpose Set about the execution
oS his excellency's proposals in the
iaslay.ee then before them; and in as
many more of the like kind as mi^ht
hereafter offer.
I have herewith sent you Dr. Burnett's
own description of this desideratum in
natural history, with Some additional illustrations,
to be laid, by the means of
your Mar. before the philosophical and
political world.
• The geographers, Says the learned
• theorist, arc nor very careful to de-
' Scribe, or nose in their charts, the
multitude or situation of mountains.
They mark the bounds of countries,
and the site os cities, and towns, and
' the course of rivers ; because these
are things of chief use to civil assairs
a:ad commerce; and that they design
' tro serve, not philosophy or natural
history. But it would be of very good
' uSe to have natural maps of the earth.
as well as ^ civil 1 and d me with
the fame care and judgement. Our
' common maps I call civil, which
note the distinction oS countries arid
'' Tlrere ale al peefent in this harbour, of
' Charier- l'own, rwa ships with upwards of
'Hooforingn peoteslaar • on hazard i and two
I ethers are hourly expected with a lixe num.
ive.^iftbry ^ Set tied comsortabsv. thev
y ill notedly by tlri • me ens be kept bee, and
lere^erlik adsiium to .are strengeh,
, it „'' l eu'ourat.- maty others io coene:
and eveer tire serd,e^ e.f these in proper pia.
may be e,,a r^Su servient to earr Secweitv :
n" means with refgect to the neighbouring Sn
^ i aa,d he ma-be have aaded, aery udrer
s^iderine, poet ere
1 ^ee Gee^aphy Redeemed
3^
' oS cities ; and represent the artificial
' earth as inhabitated and cultivated.
' but natural maps leave out all that'
< and represent the earth, as it would
'be, iS there was not ^an inhabitant
< upon it, nor ever had been; the ske-
' leton of the earth, as l may fay, with
' the site of all its parts. Methinks
< also every prince should have such a
< draught os his own country and do-
' minions, to see how the ground liex
' in the several parts of them, which
< highest and which lowest, what
< refprct they have to one another and
< to the sea ; how the rivers flow, and
< why ; how the mountains stand, how
< the heaths and how the marines are
< placed. Such a map, or survey,
< would be useful buth in time of war
' and peace ; and many good obferva-
< tiona might be made by it, not only
< as to natural history and philosophy.
< but also in order to a perfect improve-
< ment of the country.'
T he following observations will illustrate
the truth and the utility of the
thing recommended; which may in general
be very considerable, both as to
civil and philosophical purposes ; but is
more remarkable So in provinces, which
are imperfectly inhabited and cultivated,
than where human art and industry
has exhausted all methods os improvement,
'Such maps, to be well conditioned.
must Set out with accurate Surveys of
the sea coast, its bearings, promontories,
and contours, founds, bay s. and
inlets —Frerm hence the rivers must be
traced in all their branches to their rc-
Spe^ive Sources, the true bearings of
their courses marked, and lI^tir various
windings, reaches, falls, and raphes—
bow high the tides abend in them—
what peculiar modifications they undergo
tn the flow or ebb. frerm the form
of channels, Sands, shelves, or islands—
how far navigable to vessels of greater
and Smaller burden, even down to a
canoe—all this must be noted; and the
relative beights oS the barometer well
ascertained at the lea Side, and at the

^ ^ M A G A 2 l N 2 of M AG A 2 l N E
points which the highest tides reach
at the points where they cease to be at
all navigable, and at their Sources; and
at all intermediate places, which are
any way to be^ioted. The longitudes
and latitudes of the same points might
be well determined, and more particularly
at all remarkable falls, and branchings
from the main stream, and where
they form considerable islands-In pursuing
the courses, windings and branchings
oS rivers, the Surveyors will neces-
Sarily Sail in with the hills, mountains,
or lakes, whence they arise. These
give to provinces and countries
their peculiar faces, climates, Seasons,
and productions, both vegetable and
mineral ; and alio serve as natural barriers
between neighbouring states. To
finish the whole therefore compleatly,
their elevations must be obferved by
noting the various stations os the barometer
upon their accessible Summits.
The general bearing as to N and S, F.
and W. of these chains must be traced,
their contours and various advances
and recesses Srom the Sea, their openings
and passes ; and the most considerable
of these point i Should have their
longitudes and latitudes Settled; and the
variation of the compass Should be often
observed and noted at remarkable
places.
The ^ observations os the stations
os the barometer are very important,
Sor by theSe we may know the velocity
with which rivers slow in all parts oS a
country, how Suddenly, or bow slowly
the Sace oS it declines from its highest
parts to the Sea, and how Sar rivets are
capable by art oS having their navigations.
extended, and the kind and degree
oS the obstacles to it. TheSe and
many other important particulars may
be Seen by the bare inspection of saicfi
draughts; so that being once made, the
4 To make these observations accurately
two persesnt, ore at the lea Side. and ooe aa tho
place to be marked. must observe the Same
time. with instruments well adjusted to each
other, except near chelate. where the vaatacraes
of tho soar t^tae tec are iarcoinider.dle.
V
improvements oS which a province is
capable in many points may as any time
be deduced Srom them.——l believe
that no fiich Surveys from beyond the
sea coasts have been made of any oS
his maiesty's provinces in America-
Here they are most wanted, and would
by their singular usefulness in a Sew
years repay theexpence of drawing.
The governor, S'or instance, of Carolina
with Such a Survey of his province
under his eye, could immediately mate
the spot where a body of strangers
might be settled most to their own
comfort, and for the security of the
state ; and by the number os strange
dayly flowing into those countries, the
several governments might in a Sew
years, with a litart and encouragement,
cause towns to rife on the Several spots,
which fuch forveys would demonstrate
to be most important, with refpect teo
the general improvement and strength;
and those colonies, which, by the
wrong measures obServed in their fit:.
Settlement, have made lew or none cot
the improvements dependent on cohabitation,
might by a little attention for
a sew years add to the very great natural
advantages of their provinces a variety
of improved ones, little, is' at all,
inferior its value and importance to the
former; and remedy, if not make art
advantage oS, thear predecessors miltakes——IS,
among the persons employed
in this work, Some oS skill it
natural history and philosophy, weir
added to observe and collect naturae
curiosities, arid to bore the ground in
different places, unexpected discoveries
might be made iii the progrcSs oS the
greater work, oS mines, quarries, minerals.
medicinal waters, oS stones and
earths, oS Singular properties and secies,
and various productions that mi^
add to the rtches os a province, lhcuie
and ornament of human lise, and to the
improvement of natural history. s i '
French academicians, supported by 2
ministry favourable to the Sciences,
have ranged from the pole to the line
to improve philosophy. In imitate

^ J A N U A R Y ,
os So laudable an example, tho' in an
instance oS a more domestick nature
and henefit. it would not be unworthy
of a British administration to give a
countenance to the work here proposed,
and Such assistances as might facilitate
its execution; by which a provision
would be made Sor the comSort and
Strength os his majesties Subjects and
dominions; and a regular plan would
come to be marked out Sor the order
and method and kinde os improvements,
which it must be the work perhaps oS
Some generations to Carty Successively
into execution.
Yours, &c. AB.CD.
^ • .^S e^a ? -V, ^ -S, .S, .e, ^
Account of tbo BATHS of Naples, Poz-
auoli, (or Puteoli) and Baia.
| T appears by the erruptions of Mount
I i esirviur, that the bowels oS that
mountain, and probably all the adja.
cent country too, are plentifully stored
with Sulphur. metals and minerals. It
is therefore no wonder that So many hot
baths, and medicinal Springs, strongly
impregnated with those Substances,
should he found in its neighbuurhood.
The ancient batha in these parts are
mentioned by Pliny and Cicero. In la.
ter ages their number amounted to 36,
and we are told that formerly a statue
os Stucco was placed near every bath ;
pointing with its finger to that part of
its body, for the diseases WhereoS the
waters oSthe bath were proper, and
that the virtues oS each bath were also
more Sully and particularly exprels'd by
proper inscriptions : But that the phy.
hcianS oS Sale, num, finding that all the
sal: forsook them, and resorted to the
baths, they broke the statues in pieces,
and desaced the inSctiprions; ^ Srom
which time to the viceroy ally oS Don
Vedeo Antonio of Arragon, the baths were
greatly neglected • But that viceroy
^ased them to be cleanSed, and order.
^ drains to be made to carry off the
^petstuooS Waters; he also opened
windows into some, to admit the light,
and caufed stone bencha to be cut out
in others for the sick to rest on ; and,
which yvas the most material, be by
the help oS records and tradition, and
by the advice oSthe molt eminent physicians,
especially Sehastian Barto/i, in a
gaiaid measure restored the ancient inscriptions,
and caused them to be engraved
a new, upon marble in each
bath. So that tbe baths were much embell
ish'd, and put into very good and
serviceable condition.
Those called the baths of rYaples, lie
between Naples and Pete.ruo/i ; the baths
between Po^ruoli and Trifola ; and the
fo arias of Baia. are those which lie between
Trilosa and Monte Miseno.
Tbo baths of Naples.
The first bath, called Tripla by Sasvonaro/o,
is near the sea shore under
Pausilypur, and over against Nishbo. lis
waters arevery wholesome, and pleasant
to drink. Thev strengthen the stomach.
and are reckon'd good in dieafesoi the
lungs and liver. but are noaioUa to hydropicks.
The Second is called Guincara, becauSe
it is Surrounded with toshes. Its
waters are Supposed to be impregnated
with gold and iron : They are invigorating
and nourishing, cheer the fpiiits,
strengthen the bread, and are ufeful in
slow severs, but hurtful to bectias.
Near the Seashore, at the Soot of
Afounf O/rbannr, is the third bath: Its
waters strengthen weak eyes, and weak
limbs, and cure ehtiii.ess of sight, and
quartan agues.
On the border oS the leakof Afnano,
is the famous Sudatory of St. German.
It is a fmall room, the floor whereof
lies Several suet under the surface of the
earth, and front a hole in the floor.
there issues a warm sulphureous vapour.
which throws all who enter the room
into a Sweat; by which means all superfluous
and morbid humours are carried
off, and therefore it is thought to
be very serviceable to those, who are
afflicted with the guut or internal ulcers.
At

^ ^ M A G A 2 l N 2 of M A G A 2 1 ^ E
At the foot of Monte Secco, is another
bath called Dello Bal/a, from its continual
ebullition occasion'^ probably by
subterraneous fire : iS the water os this
bash be mixed with cold water, the
m'xturc berdnaes Sulphureous. and emits
a thick Suliginous vapour. The
physicians Say it is impregnated wish
copper and nitre, and is gond in all
diseases oS the eyes, ears and joints,
and cold diseases oS the head ; and that
it attenuates the bile, and strengthens
the organs of digestion.
In the delightful plain or vale of Astruni,
there formely issued tsto fountains,
or jets oS water moderately
warm. The water vvas thought to be
impregnatedwith copper, Sulphur, nitre
and alum. It was nearly oS the Same
quality with the baths os Baelen, and
was pectoral and anti-rheumatick, but
theSe fountains are now dried up.
In that part of the road from Naples
to Po^zuo/i, which lies along the sea
coast near Mount Olebanus ; if you make
a hole in the sand (altho' it is daily
overflowed by the Sea) water will issue
out fo extremely hot, that you can't
bear your hand in it ; and at the extremity
of the sea coast-road, is a bath
called ai Pietra, which is used to good
effect by persons assiicted with the stone
and gravel-
Advancing a little further, not far
from the Sea shore, you meet with a
deep grotto, wherein is a bath called
Subveni Homini, vulgarly ^uppa d' Huomini
Its waters are nitrous and ferrugineous
; they are good in gouty cafes,
and are anodyne and strengthening.
What they call the Arena zioni are
often used here with good success, in
cold nervous distempers. The method
is to wrap the patient in a sheet, and
to make a hole in the sand, aod cover
•tip all his body, except his head, with
the hot find, and to lei him lie a considerable
time. The bole is generally
made under a tent.
(in the land side of Mount G/ibanut,
is a well called Ortodenico, to which you
descend by Several steps ; it is danger-
*
ous going down to it when the sotf'a
wind blows ; for then it emits a vety
offensive noxious vapour. The wateti
are esteem'd restorative and stomachic^.
Caleatura is another bath, the water;
whereof fall from a rock, and are reckon
'd cardiac, pectoral and exhilarating-
If you dig a hole in the sand nett
the chapel of St. Anasintin, there wid
iSsue a clear limped water: It is impregnated
wish copper and nitre, and is stry
efficacious in the stone and grave',
and diseases of the eyes- Near itplace
was formerly a bath call'd da'
e^uto, but it is now choaked up.
The Baths of PozzUoli.
Near Monte Nuovo, or the mountt^
of ashes throvvn up in 1538 by ^
earthquake^ is a bath called Cantart^'.
Its waters are impregnated with irott
and adament, are styptic and good is
internal ulcers, and disorders of the litems.
The waters of the bath di Font's.
formerly called Forma, are impregnate
with nitre and bitumen, they are gr:it:ful
to the palate, suporifir, stop hat:increase
milk, dissolve the stone. ancleanse
the reins: but are noxious to t-e
wounded and the gouty-
Near the Lake Avernus, were feveti
other batha, called the baths oft-
Arches, but they were lost at the tttat
of the earthquake, and burried ur.ei
Monte Nuovo. The bath os Tripes ^
the batb of St. Niehohrt, that sot ^
king's evil and serophulous disease^
bath of St. Maria ele/F Are hitello. t^
batha of the Holy Ceoset and Siby/'s Ce:^
used in great variety of distemper
were all lost at the fame time.
There are however, three more lot -r
remaining in the neighbourhood ^
Monte Nuovo ; one is a strong chabtr^
the other two are called Pa/om/at. ai -
Saleiiana, the former whereof is de^
tic and anti-nephritic, and the
promotes the menfes, and is gnod ^
all disorders us the uterus. ^

^ Y J A N U A R Y) 4a
Tbo Bath of Baia.
The bath of St. George is subterraneous,
impregnated with copper and ni.
tie, dissolves the stone, and heals foul
ulcers.
The bath di Pugr'l/o, is So called from
its fmallness. Its waters are chalybeat :
They stop loosenesses, are good in the
hemorrhoids, and are anodyne, strengthening
and astringent.
The bath os the Sun and Moon, is a
little bath So called on account of its
great virtues. Is was formerly called
the Emperor's Bafh. Its water is impregnated
with Sulpbut, iron and loadstone.
It is styptic, drying and strengthening,
heals ruptures, abates pain and
relieves the gout v.
The Bishop's Bash, is so called either
becauSe if was repaired by Some bishop;
or because it is much refortcd to by
bishopr, who are generally afflicted
wills the gout It strengthens the stomach,
excites the appetite, and relieves
the gouty.
There are many other baths and
Springs in the neighbourhood of Baia
and Viterbo, which arc strongly impregnated
with Sulphur, nitre and petrele-
Um, Srom the toots of Mount Vesuvius,
and which are beneficial in most Scats
os diSeaSes, but to mention them all
particularly would be tedious.
Besides the baths on the continent,
in the Isle os ifeboa, which lies at a little
distance from Aaples, and is about
l6 miles round, are no less than 35
different Sorts oS hot baths more, and
aiso Several cold medicinal Springs and
Sudatories, So that no part of the woild
abounds more with medicinal and mineral
waters, than the neighboui hood
os Vesuvius.
Dire^ious to preserve MaLT Ll^uoa.
St as, Cornwall, Dec. 2i.
placing in yoti Mngazine Sor Novem-
^ her directions forabiding Octiber
beet, to make the thing more useful.
Yot,. V,
Some expedient for keeping is from fum^
mer accidents may not be ill received
by the lovers of gond malt liquor. It
has been a comraoia observation that
both beer and ale ares, apt to be f ul,
disturbed and flat, in the been Season ;
the Same is erbferved of wines in rhe
vintage countries. Thunder is also a
Spoiler of good malt liquor, to prevent
the effects of which, laying a Solid piece
oS iron on each cask, has hitherto been
esteem'd an effectual prevention uS tire
above injuries, and is aecounted Sor
in one of the volumes os The Athenian
Oracles, but don't remember if on Mr.
Frank/in's principles cor not.
Your correspondent atB.arnstaple can
Surnish you with the method of brcYvingaie
at that place, which tho' nor
quite so famous as Derby ale, yet l
vouch it to be equal to it in goodness
&c. as I have drank no inconsiderable
quantities oSbuth. /ours, &c. T. D.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
OS meinuring with M A R L la.
GENTLEMEN,
^ s is It' papers upon hnshandrv and
R the improvement oS lands by
marling, in your late Magazines, having
been very well received, l thought
the following extract Srom a modern
French author particularly describing
the nature and qualities of Marie might
not be unacceptable so your readers.
, Marie, all husbandmen agree, is a
< most excellent manure. It is a fort
< of lime -stone, wlticil in time is sup-
, posed to beceome eh .Ik , many aree.f
< opinion, that before oiralk had attained
< all its hardness and confidence, it was
• nothing but maile, aad that if chalk
, were pulverised its quaiilies would he
< the fame as those of marie. Marie is
< of various colour^, while, black, grey
• and yellow, and is not unlike potters
< earth or clav. It is sometimes found
< immediately under the Soil or surface
< of the earth, sometimes it lies five or
< six tohea deep. There ate r.o certain
' miati^

4^ ^ M A G A 2 1 N E S^si M AG A 2 l N E
^ marks of indications of made-beds
^ upon the surface : some authors in-
' deed fay, that marie is almost always
< form'd in bogs or morasses dried up
< and filled with etarth, and that one
^ may know where there are beds of
^ marie by the rushes which grow upon
< the fursace, or by the shells thrown
^ up in the mole-hills : but the common
< and most certain way of discovering
^ marie is by boring. Marie is not al-
< ways firm and folid but often foft and
' like a polp, but the beds are always
^ very thick. When the marle is dug
^ out os the pies, it is laid in little heaps
^ upon the field intended to be marled,
' and then Spread abeoad like other
< manure. It is of such a fattening fer-
' tiliaing quality, that the land it is
^ laid upon will not need any other
^ manure, nor to be marled again,
^ for 12,1 5, ao, and sometimes 3o
< years Vol, VI. p. 337. But this being
' a very hot manure, and all forts of it
^ not being of the same degree of heat,
' its quality should be examined and
^ proportioned to the nature os the soil
' upon which it is proposed to be laid.
^ Care should be taken not to lay on
^ too much, because it will Scorch and
^ burn the soil t but lbo' the greatest
^ exactness and caution be uSed, a
^ gond crop is not to be expected the
^ first year aster marling a field : but
' this transient sterility is amply re-
^ compenfed by the plenty and abun-
^ dance of the following years. It is
^ best to Spread the marl upon the
^ lands in autumn, or in the Spring, that
^ the rains which usualyfall at theSe
' Seafons oS the year, may dissolve it
^ and carry it into the ground, which
^ it never Sails to fertilize, however
^ barren it may have been beSore.'
Observations on the LEECH WoRM, by
a Gent, wbo kept one several Years for
the Purpose of a /feather Glofi.
A Phial o.S water, containing a leech,
aLh. I kept on the frame of my lower
fash chamber window, so that when
I looked in the morning, I could know
what would be the weather of the following
day.
If the weather eoniinues ferene and
beautiful, the leech lies motionless at
the bottom os the glass. and rolled together
in a spiral form.
If it rains, either before or afternoon.
it is found crept up to the top of its
lodging ; and there it remains till the
weather is fettled.
If' we are to have windt the paoor
prisoner gallops through his limped habitation
with amaaing Swiftness, and
Seldom rests till it begins to blow hard,
If a remarkable storm of thunder
and rain is to succeed,—for fome days
before, it lodges almost continually
without the water, and discovers great
uneasiness, in violent throws and convulsive
like motions.
In frost, as in clear summer weather,
it lies constantly at the bottom.—And
in fnow, as in rainy weather, it pitches
its dwelling upon the very mouth of
the phial.
What reasons may be assigned for
them, I must leave philosophers to determine
: Tho' one thing is evident
to every body, that it must be asfected
in the fame way with that
of the mercury and fpirits in the weather-glass
; and has doubtless a very
surprizing sensation. that the change
os weather, even days beforet makes
a visible alteration upon its manner of
living.
Perhaps it may not be amiss to nose.
lest any of the curious should try the
experiment, that the leech is kept
in a common eight ounce phial glass.
about three fourths silled with water.
and covered on the mouth with a hit
of linen rag. In the summer time
the water is changed once a week,
and in the winter once a fortnight.
This is a weather-glass which may be
purchased at a very trifling expend,
and which will last I don't know how
many yeast,
lours. ^C.

Accsunt of Cap! Armstrong's IBfiory of
Minorca.
^Continued from Vol. IV. p. 1^6.
A S we have given a very minute
account of Mahon, which is the
capital of the island, and the principal
fortress and Sea port ; of the other divisions
or terminos we can only mention
the most remarkable particulars.
Of the Termino of Alaior, the principal
town bears the fame name, and
lies half a mile to the left of the great
road, which was cut through the whole
island from St. Philip's to Ciudede/lo,
by governor Eane.
Aloior stands bigb and airy, and is
tolerably built ; the great church is on
an eminence, Gothic, but not contemptible
; it has a square tower and a tall
light spire, which greatly embellish the
proSpect of the town.
The first pile as building that appears
upon entring the town, is a church
os squared free stone, quite plain without,
but decorated within by a native of
the place, who without being instructed
by a master, or stimulated by a rival,
has carved many statues in wood
as large as the life, in exact proportion
and pleasing attitudes ; be knows the
measures of the orders of architecture,
finishes the capitals in a masterly manner,
and his ornaments in fruits and foliage
are fo delicate as not only to please,
but astonish the most critical judge.
Yet with all this superiority, of fo little
vain- is genius in Alinorca, his life
is embittered by penury and labour,
aad it is only by the most severe economy
that his family is Supplied with
necessaries.
Near this church is the Case de/Rry,
or stallage, where a traveller finds provinder
foy bis boasts, and where he
may lodge if he baS no acquaintance
in the town. There is but one convent
in this Termino ; the cloy Sens
and gallery ayc paints with the history
of the founder, and the library conies
all the school divinity and legends
, rnost of the Saints named in their ca-
J A^N U A R Y, 1^.
The town house stands near the ceta
ter, and is a decent pile.
The wells from which the town is
principally Supply 'd with water, are in
a valley on the nortl^side ; but cisterns
are hewed out oS the rock by the inhabitants,
which contain a Sufficient quantity
Sor the uSe oS the family, and are
So contrived that they receive all the
rain that Sails on the rooS of the houSe.
Sometimes this water will corrupt, but
two or three fmall eels thrown in alive
will often recover it, or, if they fail,
an armful of the green tope of myrtle
may succeed ; is not, the cisterns are
emptied and cleaned, and the next rain
fills them with good w*ater again.
At St. puin, in this Termino, there
is a lead mine, which was wrought to
advantage within these 4o years, but
has been fome time neglected.
Mercade/, the third Termino, gives
name to its capital, which is however
meanly built : It stands near the center
of the island, and is therefore the common
stage between Mabon and Ciudedello
; but the accommndations at the stallage
are Sis wretched, that travellers
usually carry provisions with them, and
lodge at a private house, where a bed
may be procured for a shilling.
The church stands on an eminence,
but is in a ruinous condition ; the inhabitants
have begun to restore it, but as
money is wanting, the work proceeds
slowly, notwithstanding their zeal.
The well water of this place is deem.,
ed unwholesome; the rain water is
therefore preserved in a large cistern ;
ahove which is an area enclosed with
a stone wall, from which it is supplied.
Upon mount Toro is a convent : in
the chapel is painted the legendary bistOrv
of a bull, form which the mount is
Supposed to derive its name, but it is
more probable that the Moors called it
FITor, the mountain, by way of eminence,
as it is the highest in the island.
About six miles N os mount Tore,
on the western side os Fornedes harbour,
stande a sort os the Same name ; within
the Sort are houses Sor the teccption

44 ^ M A G A ^ 1 N 2 of M A A 2 1 N E st,
of the troops, . and the chapel being
converted into a cellar, our soldiers
have wane and strong waters retailed to
them at a very reasonable price. by the
eomnaandant, who^ is the settler of fbo
garrison.
The military duty of this place is
done by a company oS the Ahzior regiment
which, like all the rest os the
troops, is annually relieved. Upona very
high land on the opposite side erf the
htathaur is an Adndain, or a signal hcuSe,
visible Srom the castle.
About ioui miles to the N. W. of
Mercadel, is mount Arada, Surroutided
by many other mountains, which it overl.ooks
; the prospect from hence is
an unbounded track of rude defarts,
and naked rocks on one side ; and on
the other, valies, plantations, and vineyards,
intermixed with hills of an easy
ascent, that are either cover'd with
Sheep, or marked with Sorrows by the
plough.
The mountain is ascended by a gradation
oS rocks that have been heyvn into
a kind of rude and gigantic stasr cafe,
which is rendered very Slippery, by
the Springs that gush Srom Several parts
of it, On the summit is a chapel dedicated
to St. Agaslet, by whoSe intercession
great numbers of women are
si. id to have been cured oS dangerous
diseases in their breasts : and here a
prie.t, attended by many oS thefe votaries,
frequently officiates. In this
place forne floors defended theinfelves
long after they had been driven by the
christians from every other part of the
island, but were at last reduced by famine.
• At the side oS a large harbour to the
eastward os mount Tore, is a farm tasted
Adzia . It is in the form of a theatre,
opera to the port on the east, but
Surrounded on every other side by a
chain of hills that rise gradually to a
^reat height. The mould that is constantly
washed down from thefe hills,
has greatly enriched the soil of Ainin,
which being sheltered from the bleak sN.
winds, enjoys a to.tr prate air, arid
is, by Mr. Armstrong, presorted to every
other fpot in Minorca.
Fcrerias the termino that is united
with Mercade/, is fcarce worth a remark,
and they are together the poorest
and least cultivated part of the
island.
C'ndad/la once the capital of .Minorca,
has since suffered greatly by the diminution
of its trade, its wealth, and
its inhabitants, but it can still boast of
more dons and cavalieros than are to be
found in all the other parts of the island,
and the inhabitants in general are distinguished
by a courtesy and politeness
that are not to be found among the rest
of their countrymen.
Ctndade/ld stands at the head of a fmall
harbour, and is encompassed with a
wall, past of which is of Moorish, and
part of modern architecture. At the
corner of the great parade next the entrance
of the governor's house, stands
the Exchange, an ancient structure
raised on Gothic arches of a great
height ; from the Exchange there is a
passage thro' a postern, arid down a
great number of atone steps to the key,
The governor's house, in which the
.Spanish geovepnors formes ly resided, is
a large irregular building, in the gorge
of a bastion ; the ground floor consists
os offices, and that above it communicates
with the rampart, on which is a
pleasant walk that commands a great
part of the island, an essenfive view of
the sea, and a^asorca at the distance of
ten leagues.
In the center of the town stands she
great church, a noble Gothic pile, the
largest in the country, arid the cathedral
os the island.
Near she Mahon gate is a convent of
Aasteu Sty art, where disputations in
philosophy are sometimes held 1 laero
is also it Frauciscan convent fronting the
parade, in which one ed the fathers
k^eps a school, and another an apothecary's
ihop. The nuns of St. Cletre
have also a convent in this town. Near
the harbour is a chapel dedicated to St.
Assholes, who is the patron of tnole

ftrY J A N U
that lead a lea- faring life t to this chapel
sailors resort who have Suffered, or were
in danger of shipwreck, to hang up a
votive picture, and return thanks Sor
their preservation. At a Small distance
there appears a rent in the rock, to
which the Sea has made a Subterraneous
passage thro' several irregular caserns;
to this place our Soldiers have gisenshe
name oS the Devil's bellows, and the
noiSe made by the rushing oS the water
at every Surge that dashes against the
shore does indeed much reSemble that os
a large pair oS bellows-
A little without Mabon gate is a convent
oS the order oS St. Anfortio chiefly
rematkablefora romantic garden, which
is contrived in the quarry Srom whence
the stone was drawn of which the convent
is built.
Such is the topographical description
os Minorca ; os its inhabitants and the
Several conquests os their country yve
have the Sosloyving account,
The Balearick nations are by their
own authors derived from a certain race
oS giants, -who are Said to have possessed
the country long before the reign
oS Gerier, who was the first king of
thefe islands, and of all a^pain But
not to regard the sabulous accounts of
remote antiquity, concerning which
there cannot be Sio much as a probable
guefs, it is certain that the MinOrqr.ins
were a considerable nation when ihey
were first subjugated bv the Carthaginians,
542 years before the christian atra.
The Carthaginians built three towns in
Minorca, which tliey named after three
of their principal captains, Magon, Jama,
aaad Lebon ; of Labon ipsie prriere
ruine, the very ruins are perished, but
Melgon Seems to have changed its n ime
for Aiabon. and Jama f -r C.'ue.aa. clai.
These islands continued under the dominion
eof the Carthaginians tid their
commonwealth was Subverted by the
Romans, about 212 years ante J. C. and
upon the division yysiich Augustus made
of a^perin into provinces he annexed
theaii to the pr ovinia Bcetie a.
i t.c A/ans, / andils, Suets', and other
^ R Y,
northern barbarians, having driven the
Romasts out of Spain in the time of she
Fin p. Harries Anno 4i 2, possessed these
islaaids in their turn ; they were Soon
re inserted from the continent by colonies
of linns and Visg^lhs, and having
in their zeal for the gr.ffest Superstition
that was ever imposed 'ipon ignoranee
Sor Christianity, destroyed every monument
of Pagan magnificence, and established
a new Soma of government,
they were in the 7th or Sth century
expelled by the Saxons. Thefe infidels
were dispossessed of their conquest by
Char/emaigne in Sot, and again recovered
it in Sc7. In 1229, Alay'orca
was again subjugated by the Spaniarde
under James the first of Arrngon, and
in 1232 Minorca suffered the same fate.
Aiphonso, grandson of she conqueror,
still considering the .^llinorcan Moors as a
piratical state, resolved to extirpate them,
which after many straggles he effected :
Whenever the Moors were defeated, the
slaughter was dreadful, and a sinall remnant
having taken refuge on mount Agatha
were compelled by famine to capitulate.
It was agreed that she island
should be surrendered to Aapbonsc ; that
such of the Moors as were able to pay a
ransom should be transported in safety
to Barhary; and that the rest should become
staves to the conqueror. Pursuant
to this treaty, the castle c.n mount Agatha
yvas surrendered on Jan. t-, ia87.
and the Almoxatiff, or Moorish chief,
with his family, and about too others,
embarked for Barhary ; but they were
inhumanly thrown ovesboard by the
Arragonian seamen who were appointed
to conduct them, or at least this is
the opinion of many, and it is universally
allowed that, by whatever means,
they all perished at sea.
'I 1st.' s was the island wrested out of
the hands of Mahometans by a Christian
prince. and the anniversary of his Success
is still kept as an high festival.
In i-oSthis island, which was garrisoned
by the iiena.h and Spaniards sor
King Philip, was, bv the allies under
M ^ r (.lera. Slasnbope, with the loss of
only
d

^ ^ M A G A 2 sN E of M A G A 2 1 N E
only 40 men, reduced under the obedience
of King Charles. At the peace of
Utrecht it was yielded to us, and has
remained in our hands ever since.
The antiquities of theSe islands may
be ranged into ^hree classes, Minorquin,
Roman, and Moorish.
The remains of the ancient Minorqriins
before the Roman conquest are
thole which the nations call A/tars do cos
Gentils, heathen altars. The most remarkable
of these altars is on an eminence,
about two miles East of Alitor.
There is a circular fence near 2oo
yards in diameter, of large flat stones
Set con their ends close together. In the
center of this fence is a huge mount eis
great rough stones piled on each other,
without mortat, making the frustrum
of an irregular cone : lis height is nearly
equal to the diameter oS the base,
which is about 30 yards, and the top,
which is flat, will contain fix men with
eafe.^On the south side there is a cavity
by which one man may enter, in a
stooping posture, but nothing worthy
of curiosity is to be Seen vvithin : There
is a spiral path on the outside, bv which
the pile is afcended without difficulty.
At fome distance form this mount,
which is called a Cairn, are two stones,
one of them is Set on edge in the
groutid, and the other placed horizontally
upon it. The horizontal stone is
I 6 feet long, 7 broad, and ao inches
thick ; the other appeared to be nearly
the same size, but its height could not
he measured because great part ofit was
Sunk in the earth. These stones, upon
neither of which are the least traces of
a chissel, are the remains of an altar :
The Cairn is probably a heap of stones
piled over the graves of some eminent
person.
But thefe repositories for the illustrious
dead were also probably intended
for the preservation of the living ; they
are always placed or. an eminence and
at such distances, as that from each of
them others are discerned all over the
islaard. There is therefore great reafon
to believe that they were spiculee, or
t
watch mounts, from whence the distant
approaches of an enemy might be difcovered,
and the people warned by signals
of the danger : They are indeed
still fometimes called by the nations Athelois,
which is their name for a signal
house, and nothing was more natural
for them, a people who were constantly
in danger of invasions, and who lived
in perpetual terror, to contrive such
a medium of sudden intelligence. The
fpiral way by which thefe mounts are
ascended renders this supposition still
more probable, and it will alfo account
feor their being alsvays placed near an
altar.
For the holy persons who were set a
part to appease she wrath of ossended
deity by sacrifice, could have fixed upon
no spot with greater propriety than that
from which the danger was discovered,
and their prayers were preferred with
unusual fervency when the enemy was
in sight o. (To he continued s
That they shonld here Sacrifice to a'. ere
impending danger, while an approaching enemy
was iu Srgbt, does oot appear fo probaiie
us that they should facrihee in gratitude tor
their deliverance wiretr the danger was past. efpociallv
us tlteplaee Sierm which the danger
was timely discovered might be considered as
tire instrument c.S their deliverance.^
The ADVENTURER, No 23, Jan. 25.
' ^uo fit, ut omnis
Votivapatcat ve/utidescripta tahe/lo
Vita Ho it
A MONG the many Pocket. Conrpa-
Sh. nious, New ^a'ernorandrarn Books,
Gentlemen and Tradesman's Daily A^tSarttl,
and other productions of the like
nature, calculated for the ufe of thefe
w ho mix in the bustle of the world ; I
c..nnot but applaud those polite and e-
Ic^ant inventions, I he L A D s E s Memorandum
Book,-, as these feem ehiefly adapted
to the more important businels
of pleasure and amusement. I shall
teol take upon me to determine which

^ J A N U A R Y ,
is the most preferable t each of them
being, iS you believe the Solemn asseverations
oS their proprietors, fhe hest and
most complete of its kind fhaf has hilborfo
been puh/ished.
The utility oSthefe little books, with
respect to lhe Sair Sex is on the first view
apparent ; as they are divided Sor each
day oS the week into distinct columns,
allotted to the Several branches of engagements,
expences, and occastona/ memorandoms.
TheSe indeed comprehend
every thing that can either attract their
regard, or take up their time : 1 shall
therefore point out Some particular advantages,
that will arise from a right
use and regulation oS them.
With regard to engagements, it is
very well known, what embarrassments,
jealousies, and quarrels, have arisen
Srom an erroneous management in that
most essential part oS female transactions,
the paying and receiving oS vistls.
It has hitherto been uSual to trust entirely
in this point to the care of an illiterate
footman, or heedless porter, who
is to take account of all the raps at the
door, and to enter the names of the feveral
visitants in a regular journal.
Hence it frequently happens, that the
bond of amity is dissolved, and perpetual
variance creased between families
by the mistake or Sorgersulness oS a Servant.
Lady Forma/ and Mrs. Prim
were once the most intimate females
living : they curtsied to one another regularly
at church and the playhoose,
talked together where ever they met,
and left their names once a month alternately
at each other's houses sor septal
years ; till it happened that lady
Forrnal's Swiss forgot to let dobn Mrs.
Prim's fast visit to her ladyship ; which
occasions them now to stare at one another
like perfect strangers, while each
considers the other as guilty oS that
l^ust atrocious crime, the owing a visit,
A card was Sent above two months
hrsorehand, to invite Mrs. Gadrbouf to a
tUut ^ but by the negligence of the maid
it unfortunately miscarried, before the
hate os it was posted in the day beak ;
and consequently she
was prevented
from going. The affront was unpardonable
; her abSence rendered one whist
table useless ; the neglect was told every
where, and the innoelent Mrs. Gadabout
wonders at the reason why she i^
So Seldom invited as a party in card^
assemblies. These lamentable mistake^
are, therefore, effectually guarded a
gainst by the ose of the Ms MORA N-
DUM-Boox, which puts it in every lady's
power to keep a more e react register
of all her engagements, and so
state habonce of visits fairly between
debtor and creditor.
And as there is certainly no virtue
more amiable, or of greater emolument,
than female eecotaomy, (to which nothing
contributes more than a just
knowledge of expences) the Mr MORA N-
DuM-Booc has also wisely provided
for this ; in which under the article of
expences, the lady mav sot down the
particular fums laid out in masouerade
tickets, subscription concerts, wax light,
for routs, drums, or hurricanes ; birthday
Suits, chair-hire, and the like : she
may also know the true balance between
her winnings and losings, and
make a due registry of her debts as
honour- For want of this meshnd many
widows of distinction have imperceptibly
run out the whole income of
their jointures in a few months, and
been forced to retire the rest of the
year into country lodgings ; and many
married ladies have been constrained to
petition the brutes their husbands for
the advance of a quarter's pin -money,
to satisfy the importunate dunnings of a
needy honourable gamester.
The blank allotted for oecajana/ ^
mOranalems may be silled up from time
to time with the lye of the day, topics
of scandal, names and abobes of milliners,
descriptions of new fashions and
a hundred other circumstances os equal
importance. This will greatly relieve
the memory ; and surnish an inexhaustible
store of matter fur police conyer-.
fat ion.
There-

4^ ^ M A G A 2 1 N E of^ M A G A 2 1 N E
There is another very pleasing advantage arising from the ufe os these boo
as we are informed by one of the compilers, who acquaints us,. that if prescrveel,
they will enable any ldly to tel/whaf business she has trausercted, and what company
[the has] heen in, every dry, during any period of her life. How enchanting, how
rapturous, muff Such a review prove to those who make a sigure in the polite
world ! to live over their days again ! to recall the transporting ideas of mafquetades,
plays, concerts, cards, and dress I to revive lost enjoyments, and in
imagination to tread over again the delightful round of past pleasures ?
I was led to the consideration os this subject by a visit l the other day made a
polite lady, whom I found earnestly employed in writing, l would have withdrawn
immediately ; but she told me she was only entering fome particulars in .her
memorandum-book, which yyould soon he finished ; and desired me to take a chair.
I expressed fome curiosity to know her method ; upon which she very frankly
put the book into my hand, bidding me peruse it ; ' for, says she, I do nothing
• that I need be ashamed of' As she was Soon after called out of the room, I
took the opportunity os transcribing her first week's account, which l shall faith.
fully present to my fair readers, as a farther illustration of the use of these books,
and (if they please) as a pattern for their practice.
ENGAGEMENTS.
January.
1. MoNDAY. To call at Deards in the
morning. To ^ine with my husband's
uncle, the city merchant.
TUESDAY. In the morning with
the Miss Floreits, to drive to the silkroercers,
&c. At night, to go to the
(Genii.
WEDNESDAY. Expect Mademoiselle
ld Tour to try on my French head. In
the evening to pay forty -three visits.
•4 THURSDAY. My own day. At
borne. To have a drum major and seventeen
card tables.
sy. Fa i D A Y, To go to the auction with
t-aaly Vielnetck- To dine at home with
a parcel of my husband's cily relations.
SATURDAY'. Monsieur Le Frisc all
the morning to dress my head. At
night (being Tyvelfshnight) at court.
To dance, if 1 can, wish the handsome
Bob ^iaant.
OCCASIONAL MEMORANDUMS.
City politeness intolerable! crammed
with mince-pies, and fatigued with
compliments of the feafon ! Play at
Pope Joan for pence! O the creatures!
A beautiful new French brocade at Si/.
ver- tongue's on Locale- Hill, Mint.
To teize my husband to buy me a suit
of it—Fngaged the stage-bex for
Woodward s night.
Mademoiselle, the milliner, tells me
Lady ^'s in the straw, and capt. is
supposed tobe the cause of it.—Told is
as a great secret at Lady F's. the countess
of L's. Mrs. R's, &c. &c. &c.
Miss Sharp is a greater cheat than her
mamma. Company went before five.
Stupid creature, Mrs. Downright 1 iac-
-ver to have read Hcy/el
Lady Nicknaek finely taken in. The
whole day a blank. ^ Head aub. Could
not dress. Went to bed hortid foun t
—before one. Husband drunk. Lap
alone, my maid with me.
My left temple singed with the curlingiron.
Several sine French dresses at
court ; but lady Hornehred's pauhty
English.' Sir John Dapperwit wlusperal
me, that Miss B/oom was almost as
charming as myfcif, She must P^'

^ Y J A N U A R Y ,
7. SunDAY. If l rife Soon enough,
St. James's church. In the afternoon
to write a defence of Host- to Mifs Petulant
at Bath, who has controverted
fome of his principles. Lady Brag's
in the evening.
4^
Not up till two. Finished my letter
at fix Bad lock at night. Never
could yviii on Sundaoys. Miss Serious,
who hates cards, says it is a judgment.
Among the articles under Expences I sound tbosollowing.
JANUARY- L S.
1. Bought at Deard's, abaubleSor anew year's giStto my litsle god-child 5 5
3. To Mrs. La Toure, in part of her bill. — — • • . ^t to
To ditto, for extraordinary trouble — — — — 3 t a
5- Bought at the auction, a china lap-dog — — • 4 9
6. Monsier Le Frist, for dressiaig mv head, &c. • — — o i o
7. Lost at card5, at Lady Brag's • - — . 5 o
I intend in a future paper to take notice of some other advantages to be drawn
from Such a ufe of these Memorandum Books, as above stated ; and Shall at present
conclude with desiring my female readers to Supply them Selves immediately, and
to send me an account of the uSe they make of them. A-
The WO R LD. No I. Thurf Jan. 4.
To bo continued every Thursday.
By ADAM-FIT ^-A DAM, ESq;
< A T the village of AronCbo, in the
< dh. Province of Estremadiera lived
• Gonzales de Castro, who from the age
< of i 2 to 52 was deaf, dumb and
< blind. His chearful submission so fo
< deplorable a misfortune, and the
' misfortune itfelf, so endeared him
< to the village, that to worship the
' holy virgin, and to serve Gonzales,
' were considered as duties of the
' same importance ; and to neglect
< the latter was to offend the for-
< mer.
< IT happened one day, as he was
< sitting at his door, and offering up
' his mental prayers to St. Jago, that
< he found himself, on a sudden, re-
' stored to all the privileges he had lost.
< The news ran quickly through tire
village, and old and young, rich and
< poor, the bufy and the idle, thronged
< round him with congratulations.
• BuT as if the blessings of this life
< were only given us for affliction, he
< began in a sew weeks to loSe the re-
Vet.. V,
' lish oS his enjoyments, and to repine
, at the possession of those faculties.
< which served only to discover to him
< the follies and disorders of his neigh -
, bours, and to teach him that the in-
< tent of fpeech was too often to de-
< ceive.
, THOUGH the inhabitants of Aron-
< cbo were as honest as other villagers.
< yet Gonzales, who had formed his
< ideas of men and things from their
• natures and uses, grew erffended at
' their manners. He saw the avarice
' of the age, the pre.digality of youth,
' the quarrels ofbrothers, the treache-
' ry of friends, the frauds of lovers,
' the insolence of the rich, the knavery
' of the poor, and the depravity of all.
' These, as be saw and heard, he
' Spoke of with complaint ; and endea-
' voured by the gentlest admonitions
< to warn men to ooodnefs.'
FROM this place the story is torn out
to the last paragraph ; which fays
< that be lived to a comfortless old age
< despised and hated by his neighbours.
' for pretending to be wiser and better
• than themselves ; and that he breathed
• out his foul in thefe memorable
G < words,

t^ T!^ M A G A 2 1 N E of M A G A 2 1 N E
' words, that he who word/ enso^ many
• seiende, and live happy in the wor/d,
' should he deeif dumh and hand to the
< so/lies artd vices of it.'
It candour, l^lmility and an earnest
desire of instruction and amendment
Yvere not the distinguishing characteristics
of the present times, this simple
story had silenced me as an author.
Bat when every day's experience Shews
ms, that ouryounggentleinen of fashion
are lamenting at every tavern the
frailties of their nature, and confessing
to one another whose daughters they
have ruined, and Yvhofe wives theybave
cortupted ; not by way of boasting,
as fome have ignorantly imagined, but
tri be reproved and amended by their
penitential companions: when I ofiserve
too, that from an alnaost-blaaneable
degree of modesty, they accuse themselves
of more vices than they have
Constitutions to commit ; I ana led by
a kind of impulse to this YVork ; which
is intended to be a public repository
for the real frailties of young gentlemen,
in order to relieve them from
tire necessity of such private confessions.
THE prelent times are no less favourable
reo me in another very material circumstance.
It was the opinion of our
ancestors, that there were few things
more difficult, or that required greater
Skill and address than the Speaking properly
of one's Self. But if by Speaking
properly be meant Speaking successfully,
the art is now as well known
. among us as that os printing or os
a making gunpowder.
Whocvet is acquainted with the
wratings of those eminent practitioners
in pbylie, who make their appearance
cither in hand-biils, or iaa the weekly
or daily papers, will See clearly that
there is a certain and invariable merited
of fpeaking of one's felf to every
body's satisfaction. I shall therefore introduce
my own importance to tha
public, as near as I can, in the manner
and words of those gentlemen ; not
doubting of the Same credit^ and the
sattac advantage^.
ADVER.ttSE.ySENT.
^'T^O be spoke with every Thuestbiy at
.I- Tully's Head in Pall-ma//, Adtrn
Frt^-adem ; who after 4o years travel
through all the parts of the known and
unknown Yvorld; aster having investigated
all faiences, acquired all languages,
and entered into the deepest
recesses of nature and the passions, isac
last, for the emolument and glory ofhis
native country, returned to Englond;
vvhere he undertakes to cure all the diseases
of the human mind. He cures
lying. cheating, Swearing. drinking,
gaming, avarice and ambition in the
men; and envy> Slander, coquetry,
prudery, vanity, wantonneSs and inconstancy
in the women. He undertaker,
by a safe, pleasant and Speedy method,
to get hushands for young maids. aiad
good-humour Sor old ones. He instructs
wives, after the e.asiest and newest
fashion, in the art of pleasing, and
widows in the art of mourning. He
gives common fenfe to philosophers.
candour to disputants, modesty toctstics,
decency to men caf fashion, and
frugality to tradesmen. For farther
particulars enquire at the place abovementioned.
or of any of the kings arcs
princes in Europe, .-sin, ^rrco, or de
snerrca.
A^. B. The doctor performs. his operations
by lenitives and alteratives; never
applying corrosives, but when iiverate
ill habits have rendered gentler
methods ineffectual.
Having thus satisfied the public tas
my amazing abilities, and having, rao
doubt, railed its curiosity to an extraordinary
height, l shall descend, all at
once, from my dectorial dignity, to
address myself to my readers as the antrior
of a weekly paper of amufenaerct,
called, The WoRt.o.
My eiesign in this paper is to ridicule,
with novelty and good humour, t'
fashion,, follies, vices and absurdities et
that part of the human fpecies whios
a. alls itself the kVerfd, and to trace tt
through

^ J A N U A R Y ,
through all its business, pleasures and
amusitarienis. But tho' my subjects
will chiefly confine me to the town, l
do not mean never to make excursions
into the country ; on the contrary,
when the profits of thefe lucubrations
have enabled me to Set up a one-horse
chair. 1 shall take frequent occasions
of inviting my reader to a seat in it,
and of driving him to Scenes of pure air,
tranquillity and innocence, from sinoke,
hurry and intrigue-
There are only two subjects which,
as matters stand at prefent, 1 shall absolutely
disclaim touching upon ; and
thefe are religion and politics. The
former of them Seems to be fo universally
practised, and the latter fo generally
understood, that to enforce. the
one, or to explain the other, would be
to offend the whole body of my readers.
To fay truth, 1 have Serious reasons
for avoiding the first of these Subjects.
A weak advocate may ruin a
good cause And if religion can be defended
by no better arguments than
some 1 have lately seen in the public
papers and magazines, the wisest way
is to lay nothing about it. In relation
to politics, l shall only obferve, that
the minister is not yet so thoroughly
acquainted yvith my abilities as to trust
me v.ith his fecrets. The moment he
throws aside his referve, l shall throw
alade mine, and make the publick as
wise as mySclf. ^
My readers will, I hope, excuse me,
is hereafter they should find me very
Sparing of motto's to thefe essays, I
larow very well that a little Latin or
Creek, to thofe who understand no language
but Eng/ish, is both satisfactory
and entertaining, It gives an air os
dignity to a paper, and is a convincing
ptooS that the author is a person of prosound
learning and erudition. But in
tne opinion of thofe who are, in the secret
of such motto's, the custom is, as
Shakespear Says, • more honoured in the
breach than the observance ;' a motto
being generally chose after the essay is
^ e n , and hardly ever havion affini-
ty to it through tyvo paragraphs together.
But I have a stronger reason for
declining this custom : It is, that the
follies I intend frequently to treat of,
and the characters 1 sh^ from time to
time exhibit to my readers, will be such
as the Greeks and Romans were entirely
unacquainted with,
It may perhaps he expected, before I
dismiss this paper, that 1 should take
a little notice of my ingenious brother
authors, who are obliging the public
with their daily and periodical labours.
With all thefe gentlemen 1 desire to live
in peace, friendship and good neighbourhood
; or if any one of them
should think proper to declare war againft
me unprovoked, I hope he will
not insist upon my taking farther notice
of him, than only to Sayi as the old
Serjeant did to his ensign who eyas beating
hint, ' l befecch your honour not
' to hurt yourself,
ADVERTtSEMENT to the WltS.
^'^/Hereas it is expected that the title
r yoS ti.is paper will occasion certain
quips, cranks and conceits at the Bedford
and other coffee-houSes in this
town : This is therefore to give notice
that the words, this is a fad world, ia
vain world, a dull world, a noretched
•toorldl a frishng world, an ignorar.f
wor/d, a dtmn'd world; or that 1 hate
the world, am weary of fbo world, fick
of the world, or phrafes to the same effect,
applied to this paper, shall be voted
by all that hear them to be withotl
wit, humour, or pleasantry, and be
treated accordingly,
End of the W orld No. I. Price 2d.
Surprising cure of a Leprosy by accident,
IF yve look back to the beginning of
^ fcicnce, and examine all the intermeniate
fpace of time, we shal find
that most valuable discoveries owe
their origin to just reasoning upon,,
accidental and fortuitous hints.

T ^ M A G A ^ l N E o f M A G A 2 1 N E ^ ,
A surprising cure was, Several years
ago, effected bv an accident, which I
think may furnish a very useful hint to
practitioners. A gentleman labouring
under a very obstinate leprofv, put himself
under the care of an eminent physician
in the country, and having gone
thro' a long course os medicine, without
any visible Success, the doctor at
last adviSed him" to live as much as
possible on asses milk, while he went
to London, to get the opinion oSSomeof
the most able physicians on his cafe ;
in about a fortnight the doctor returned,
and YVas agreeably Surprised to
Sand has patient So much better, as no
longer to need his assistance. He adviSed
him however, to continue the
aiseoS the Same asses milk, Srom which
he had already received Such unexpected
relief The gentleman accordingly
persisted in his regimen, and in a
sew weeks yvas persectly cured. The
doctor not being able to account Sor
this extraordinary effect of mere asses
milk, concluded that the beast must
have fed on Some herb oS uncommon
virtues, and accordingly went with his
patient into the fields where she was
kept, which lay contiguous to the
stable yard. Here he, aSter the most
careful Scrutiny, could sind nothing
but common gross ; be then examined
the excrements of the ass, but in these
he difcoverd nothing portico hat, only
that they were more moist than uSual.
The docterr now gave over his researches.
and walk'd to a stone trough
that held Water for the ass, to wash
the dung from his cane, and seeling a
bard mass at the bottom of the water,
be ask'd the huntsinan, who Stood by,
vthatitWast The huntfman lold him
that his master's hounds having had the
iftange, he had 'put this piece of crocus
inetallorum into the water to cure
them. The mystery now vanish'd,
and the doctor attributed the gentleman's
cure to the crocus.
If this hint was persued, might we
not expect the most Surprising and falutary
effects? For how extremely
e
minute must the paarticles of antimony
be, which, tho' they abound in each
drop of the water, do yet leave the
lump of crocus, for ought that can be
discovered, undiminished in its weight?
But even thefe minutie must undergo
Several divisions and Subdivisions ; many
fermentations and digestions before
the anima/ analyfis is finish'd in their
passage thro' the various vessels of the
ass to the mamillary tuber; if it can be
proved that they do pass thro' this process,
it follows that there is no pore fo
fmall, or tube so constricted; not even
the nerves themselves, but will admit
this wonderful medicine.
By this process too, we have the native
vegetable acids intimately conjoined
with the antimonial particles :
And perhaps it is the only methnd by
which acids of any kind can be Safely
mix'd with antimony. In short, when
a course erf milk is ordered try the physician,
may it not be thus medicate,/
much to the advantage of the patient t
Yours, &c. R. BitooxE.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
A Remedy to cure Shortness of Breath.
' E l' A K F. os .the powder of castor
.a. three grains; mix it vvith ten
grains of Guseorgn powder ; make tbem
up into a bolus with Syrup of elder.
'lake one of thefe bolus's at a time,
and wash it down with a draught of
five drams of penny-royal ^ rater,
and two drams of ^compound Brainy
water.
Sniff for the Ilendach and Swimming
of the Head.
A K E Sage, rosemary, lillies of
a- the valley, tops cos' sweet marjoram,
of each one ounce. Nutmeg
and Asararrahacca root, of each one
dratn. Of the thin rind of a civil
Orange well dried and clear of dust hals
a dram After thefe are all well dried
reduce them to a very sine powder.

^ J A N U A R Y , l ^ ,
J O U R N A L of the PROCEEDINGS ^Fld I^EBATE^ ID thC
FoLlTlCAL ^LUB, continued from our Yost's MA-
GA21NE.
I am now to give you a Debate we had
in our Club upon a new Subsidy Treaty,
whereby it was stipulated, that a
Subsidy of 32,o00l. per Ann. should
he paid by us to the King of Poland, Elector
of Saxony ; which Debate was
opened by Servilius Prise us, (H-n-y
P-Ish-m) wbo spoke thus .
Mr Chairman,
S 1 R,
^ s ^ Id F treaty between his majesty
I and the states general on the
one part, and the king oS Poland,
elector oS Saxony, on the other, concluded
at DreSden the i3th oS September
last, having been reSerted to
this committee, l now rise up to move
Sor granting Such a Sum to his majesty,
as may be neeeSfary for enabling him
to make gond the engagements he has
entered into by that treaty ; and I cannot
Suppose, that it will be necessary
forme to make uSeoS many arguments
for inducing the houle to comply with
the motion t am to make ; beraufe this
treaty with the king oS Poland, was a
natural and indeed a necessary consequence
oS that with the elector oS
Bavaria, which was last Session So wisely
approved of by a great majority of this
aSlembly. The providing against a vacancy
ol' the imperial throne, by
getting the eldest Son of the present
emperor choSen king ris the Romans,
was then thought to be a meaSure So
necessary for Securing the peace of
Europe, and preserving the balance
os power, that sew gentlemen Seemed
to grudge any expenee that might
be Sound to be' necessary for rendering
that meafure effectual. It was, indeed,
then thought that this nation would
not have been put to any farther expence
upon that account, and pet haps
we should not, ifit had been thought
prudent to proceed to an election upon
our having secured only a bare majority
ofthe electors; but every gentleman
must see, that in order to render this election
the more firm, and indisputable.
it will be proper to have the concurrence
of as many of them as can possibly
be procured ; and for this purpose
it was necessary, among the very first,
to gain the king of Poland, elector of
Saxony, not only as being one of the
most powerful electors, but as being one
os the two vicars of the empire-
It avas upon this maxim, Sit, that his
majesty entered into the negotiation for
the treaty now under our consideration;
and the maxim was fo apparently wise
and just, that the Dutch without any
difficulty not only approved of it, but
alfo agreed to bear a proportionable
share of the expenee, notwithstanding
the present low state os their finances.
and the heavy debt they now labour
under. That wise people are fully Sensible
oS the dangerous confequence oSa
new vacancy in the imperial throne,
thereSore they rightly judge, that it
ought to be guarded against at any expenee
; and considering tile disposes
still Subsisting between this nation and
France as well as Spain, we have more
reaSon than the Dutch to be alraid of
that danger : for the freedom and independency
ofthe Dutch is oS fuels an
immediate concern to all the princes of
Germany, that if France and Spain
should attempt to conquer Holland, it
would in a manner Sorce all thofeprinces
to put an end to, or at least to suspend,
all their mutual disputes and animosities.
and cordially unite together
for the protection oS Holland. In such
a cafe, and sor such a purpofe, thev
would soon agree upon the choice of an
, for
emperor, and all join in a confederacy

^r! M A G A 2 IN 2 of M A G A 2 1 N E S,
Sor Saving their neighbouring state.
ButiS upon a vacancy of the imperial
throne, a civil war should arise in (Germany
about the choice of a successor,
and France and ^.sain should take that
opportunity to endeavour to drive us
out of ail our possessions in ASia, Africa,
and America, as well as the Mediterranean,
Such an attempt would be
thought oS very little concern to the
princes os Germany, and consequently
would have no Such influence as so
force them to put an end to the civil
war among themSelves, eSpecially if we
had heSore shewn our Selves quite indifferent
about their concerns, and had
refuSed to concur in any measures for
preventing that civil war.
I know, Sit, it is an unpopular and
invidious task to talk against the power
or strength of one's country ; but 1 despise
flattering even my native country,
at the expence of my sincerity ; and
therefore l must declare, that, in my of
pinion, it would be impossible for us
by ourselves alone to fopport a war of
any continuance against the united
power of France and Spain, and probably
of the svhole house of Bourbon.
In focb a war they would certainly
coanpel Portugal to refuse admittance to
our Ships of war into any of her ports,
and might perhaps compel that kingdom
t o join with them in the war against
us ; for as that kingdom lies open
to an attack from Spain by land,
ngaiillt which yvecould give it little or
no assistance, it would be forced to receive
the lavs from the house ofBourbon
; and let gentlemen consider what
a condition our ships would be in, if
upon any distress or danger they had
neat a port to retire to from the l rand's
J^hd to the straits of Gibraltar. Than
again let us consider, Sit, hoyv in case
of such a war, our navy, formidable
as it is, mutt be weakened by being
divided ; sor v.e should be obliged to
have always one numerous Squadi on in
tire Mediterranean, anoihor of equal
force in the West-liidies, and a t triad
superior to either upon our own coasts:
1
and besides these, it Yvould be necessary
for us to have always a fmall squadron
upon tbe coast of Africa, a fccond in
the East-Indies, and a third in the Baltick.
All these squadrons, l say, it
would be necessary Sor us to have continually
in their refpective stations, for
the protection of our trade or our settlements
in these feveral parts of the
world ; and would it be possible to prevent
its being in tbe power os France
and Spain to Steal out tbeir Ships, and
attack us with a superior squadron in
one or other of thofe places ?
If thefe thingsbe duly considered, Sis.
every gentleman must fee, that whilst
France and Spain continue united, and
whilst both of them are daily forming
projects against our trade atid foreign
fettlements, which they want only a
proper opportunity for carrying into
execution, it will be abfolutely necei'
fary for us so bave always a confederacy
upon tire continent ready to attack
them by land, if they should ever openly
attack us by feaor in America. But
iS an intestine Yvar should break out in
Germany, would it be possible for us to
provide any fucli confederacy t Andevery
one knows, that noshing is fo likely
to create an intestine war in that
country as a vacancy in the imperial
throne. Therefore in the present circumstances
of Europe, there is no natiotiin
it, no not even Germany itfelf,
that can have a greater concern than
ve have, to prevent, a.s Sar as is consistent
with the constitution of the Lmpire,
the possibility of such a vacancy;
and consequently, we ought not to
grudge any expence that may appear
to be absolutely necessary for guarding
against such a cl nacrous misfortune.
• a
llut, Sir, a vacancy in the impel tal
throne i, not now the only misfortune
we have to guard against t France, we
know, is at great pains, and a vast expence,
to gain and attach to her iotcrest,
as many of the German princes as
she can prevail with to accept of her
terms ; and as most of thofe princes
noyv keep una larger number of re^u-

^ J A N U A R Y ,
lar troops than their oyvn proper re- I may therefore, I think, now venvenues
can anSwer to support, they tureto Siy, sit, that we have Secured not
must have Subsidies Srom some foreign only the two vicars of the empire, but
state or other. The empress q'ieen oS two tl.i ds of the Electoral college, to
Hungary is always obliged to keep up coiicur in the election's a king of the
such a numerous army of regular Romans ; and consequently, I hope,
troops in order to be ready to make head nay, I trust, that the election will be
against any sudden eruption ofthe turks, brought on, and the archduke Joseph
that she cannot fpare to grant any sub- elected, before we meet here again in
sidies ; and the Russians are in the ve- a new session. Nothing, l think, can
ry fame situation ; consequently none prevent it, unless it be a well-grounded
of the princes in Germany can expect hope to get the election made unani-
any Subsidy, unleSs it be either Srom mous ; and this l have sume reafon to
France and Spain, or Srom the Dutch think far from being impracticable.
and us. Most oS thera, I have gond I wish with all my heart it may be ef-
reafon to believe, will accept oS a fected ; for it is an end fo desirable,
leSs Subsidy Srom us, than what has that the least ground to hope for attain-
been offered, or may hereafter be ofing it, would fully compensate a delay
fered, by France ; but if we should be for another veat, if that should appear
So imprudently parsimonious as to reSuSe necessary, which, I trust, it will not ; and
to grant them any Subsidy, they waould therefore, l hope, this will be the last
he obliged to aceept of one from France expenee which this nation may be obor
Spain, and in confequer.ce thereof liged to put itself to, for securing, as far
they would be bound to join with thofe
two crowns, perhaps against the interest
of their native country, as well as
against that of Europe in general.
Thus it appears, Sit, that his majesty
had two most pressing motives for concludingthisfubsidy
treaty with the king
of Poland ; for he has thereby prevented
that prince's being reduced to the
necessity of entering into any treaty
with France, and hehas secured, as far
as is consistent with the laws of Germany,
the eoneurreneeofthat prinee's
vote and interest for electing the archduke
Joseph kingof the Romans. This,
it is true, is not, noreould it be. made
an express article of the treaty, because
such an article would have been contraryto
one of the fundamental constitutions
of the empire ; but this was
understood by all the contracting parties
and lam convinced, will be as faithfully
performed as if' it had been made
an express article, not fo much on account
of the tacit engagement in the
treaty, as on account of its being
agreeable to the particular interest of
Germany, as well as the ^eneral interest
of Europe.
as human prudence can devise, the internal
quiet of Germany, and of course
not only our own tranquillity, but the
free and uninterrupted possession of our
trade and our Settlements in every part
of the world ; and if we ean purchase
sueh a valuable seeurity for Such a trifle
of expenee, l am Sure, every gentleman
must allow, that we have made a cheap
purchaSe ; Sor which reafon l shall eonelude
with moving, That a Sum not
exceeding 32,oeocol. be granted to his
majesty to enable his majesty to rfabe
good his engagements with the kin^r
of Poland, elector of Saxony, pursuant
to treaty.
The next that seoke in this Debate was
Pomponius Atticus, (liner.
W-Lf-LE Sen. Efq whose Sprcib
•teas as follows a
A
Mr. Chairman,
S i R,
LT11O' 1 have for m^rr.y vear;
generally agreed in my sentiments
with the hon. gentleman who spoke
lust, and alibis 1 now arryce with hina

^ M A G A 2 1 NE of M A G A 2 1 N E
in thinking, that it would add to our
Security of the balance of power, to
have the archduke Joseph Chofen king
of the Romans, yet I cannot agree
with him in my opinion of this treaty ;
for l not only thll k, that the nation is
thereby to be put to a most unnecessary
expertce, but that the treaty itself is a
very wrong meafure, because it will rasher
prevent than forward the and Sor
which it is Said to be intended.
With regard to the expence, Sir, it
should have been considered, that the
king oS Poland is in circumstances very
different Srom thoSe of the elector os
Bavaria. The family of Bavaria had
long bad an attachment to France,
and might still have thought it their interest
to continue that attachment ;
therefore, if there bad been no such
thing as an election of a king of the
Bomans in view, it would have been
not only prudent, but necessary, for us
to grant a Subsidy to the elector of Bavaria,
in order to withdraw that prince
from his attachment to France, and to
fix him in the interest of the house of
Austria, and of this kingdom. For this
reason many gentlemen, of whom lam
one, might have last year approved of
the treaty with Bavaria, and yet may
now very much disapprove of this treaty
with the kin^ of Poland. Even that
with Bavaria I should have disapproved
oS, if Yve had then had norhing else in
view but the election of a king of the
Romans ; because yn every case where
this is the only view, the granting of a
previous Subsidy must either be unnecessary,
or it must tend to deseat, or at
least to delay, the electron until it becomes
absolutely necessary by the demise
oS the present emperor; Sor every
elector must either think, that an immediate
election os tbe archduke Joseph
^s king of the Romans, is abfolutely
necessary for the safety ofhis country,
or he must think that no Such immediate
clection is necessary : lf the former
he his opinion, he will immediately
concur in that clection without any
Subsidy from us : IS the latter, be will
naturally conclude, that the Subsidy
granted by us upon that single account.
must be continued until the election be
mads. and that it will ceale as foon as
the election is over, or at least as foon
as the term expires, for which it was
granted ; and in consequence of this
conclusion, he will certainly find some
excuse or other for putting off this election,
until it becomes absolutely necessary
by thedeath of the present emperor.
Upon this, which I think a certain
and incontestable principle, let us see,
Sit, how the cose will stand with refpect
to the king os Poland, as elector
of Saxony. That family, notwithstanding
the marriage of one of their
daughters to the dauphin, has certainly
no attachment to the kingdom of
France. On the contrary ; whilst they
are in possession, or have an expectation
of the crown of Poland, they must
court tbe favour of the house of Austria,
and must be for preserving the power
os that house ; therefore, the present
elector must naturally be inclined to
have the archduke Joseph chosen king
of the Romans ; arid if this fobsidy had
not been granted, I am pyersUaded, he
would have bern for bringing that
election on as foon as possible ; but as
he may nut think this abfolutely necessary
during the present emperor's
life, our granting this Subsidy will make
him resolve to concur in every excuse
Sor delaying it as long as possible, in
order to oblige us to renew she Subsidy
as Soon as the present term is expired ;
Sor if there be now any necessity for
chusing the archduke Joseph king as
the Romans, that necessity will berome
every year the more uigent, the more
the present emperor advances in years ;
and consequently, if there be now any
reason for our granting subsidies upon
this account that reafon will be stronger
three or four years liencs. and still
much stronger twenty years hence,
than at present.
I must therefore be os opinion. Sit,
that it is not prudent in us to grant any
Subsidy upon the single account of ^ettin^

^ J A N U A R Y ,
ting the arcloduke Joseph preSently chofen
king .is the Romans, not only becauSe,
it will as l have Said, defeat the
end intended, but beCttose. iS we grant
a Subsidy to any one elector upaon this
account, every other elect it will expect
the Same ; and iSwe should ^rant lubsidics
to all, or to a majority of them,
it would render the election, when m ade,
precarious ; Sor it would Surnish the
French, and all Such as mi^ht pleaSe to
join with them, with a plausible pretence
Sor declaring it a void election. Sir, I
had almost Stid a justifiable pretence ;
for the' in these subsidy treaties there
be no express article for obliging the
contracting elector to vote for the archduke
Joseph, yet every one knows, and
it has been publickly declared in this
houSe, that Such a stipulation is under-
Stood, and is truly the only consideration
Sor our granting the Subsidy ; and
we all know that it is as much contrary
to the laws os the empire to carry an
election by bribery and corruption, as
to carry it by force of arms. The
many princes oS the empire who have
been choSen kings os the Romans, and
vet never Succeeded to be emperors, or
not till aSter cruel wars and great bloodshed
is a convincing proof, thai the internal
peace of Germany dues not depend
So much upon the ceremony of
chusing a king of the Bomans during
tlieliSe of the reigning emperot, as upon
taking proper measures Sor establishing
Such a cordial union among the electors,
as that upon the death of the emperor
they may all unite in the choice of a
Successor ; and 1 doubt much if our interfering
fo openly, and at Such an exponce,
in the choice of a king of the
Romans. he a proper inethnd for establishing
that ceordial unieon, especially as
it tends So manifestly towards overturning
theconStitntion oS the empire, and
rendering the Imperial dignitv heredi.
lary, in the Austrian Samily ; for there
is no argument for the necessity of
chusing a king of the Bomana that can
ha made ose of upor this occasion, but
what may he made ui'c of with etaual
v OL. V.
weight by every future emperor of that
family, as iioon as he has the good fortune
to have a Son ; and a question has
now been started about who Shall judge
of this necessity, that,l'l Sear may produce
confusion in the emtoire. because it
is a question that, 1 am convinced, neither
side will ever give up to the other.
When l say this, Str, every gentleman
must suppose, l mean the dispute
arisen upon this occasion betyveeta the
electors and the princes eif the empire.
Tise former fay, that all questions relating
to the election of an emperot, or
king of the Romans, are to be determined
by them alone ; and consequently,
that the electors aae at all times the
s o l e judges whether there be at any
time a necessity for clausing a kino os
the Romans during the life of the emperor
t On the O^her hand, the princes
of ihe empire contend. that no king of
the Romans should ever be chosen during
the life oS the emperor, but when
it becomes absolutely necessary for the
safety and quiet of the empire, and that
whether thss necessity at any time exists
or no, is not to be determined by
tise electoral college, but by the diet
of the empire. This, Sit, is the important
question now brought upon
the carpet ; and when sue confide', that
thekrngsof Sweden and Denmark, the
prime royal of Russia, the kug of
France, and the prince. now hereditary
stadtholder of the United Provinces.
ate all princes of the empire, without
being electors, we may judge how
improbable it is, that either of these
two parties will yield to the other, how
unfortunate it is that such a question
should ever have beeai started, and how
dangerous it would be to proceed to an
ele^.ion before this question be determined,
or at least until the necessity of
an election becomes manifest both to
the diet and the electoral college ; and
in that cafe they would proceed to an
election without any . s u b s i d y from us,
and without having the question
determined as to who arc to be the
judges of that iiey.eftity.
II ^ ^When

When tbis Yvill happen, Sir, I do not
know, and as little do l know what the
Fdon. gentleman rneatis by saying he
trusts—it will happen next summer.
I wish as much, as he can do, that it
may, but lolo not fomuch as hope that
it will ; and this l will say, that if we
by granting fobsidies to (which Yvill be
called bribing) a majority of the electors,
should procure a king of the Bomans
to be chosen, whilst Some oS the
chieS electors and most of the great
princes of the empire think that there
is no preSertt necessity Sor any Such
choice, .we shall, I Seat, be Sowing she
Seeds oS a civil Yvar in (Germany, and a
•very general one in Europe, instead of
taking proper measures to prevent either
the one or the other. Therefore,
the procuring or hastening the election
os a king of the Romans could be no
good argument ' for our projecting or
concluding this treaty ; and the other
argument, or motive, as the honourable
gentleman called it, is one of that Sort
of arguments, which either does nothing
or does too much.
Are we to Suppose, Sit, that any
elector or prince of Germany is So extravagant,
as to keep up a greater number
of regular troops in time of peace,
than his own proper revenue can Spare
to support, and at the same time that he
is So abandoned, that rather than retrench
any part of this extravagant expence,
he will unite with the enemies
oshis country, and Sell himSelS a slave
to France ? Cod forbid, Sit, that we
should ever have the least ground for
Such a vilifying Supposition : I have fo
good an opinion of those princes in general,
that I ana convinced, no one of
them will ever unite with France, for
any mercenary consideration ; but vve
know, that an apprehension of the house
of Austria's designing to encroach upon
the laws and liberties of their country,
has, in former times, made many of
tbem unite with France, in order to
guard against those designs ofthat bouse
which they tbought to be either ambitious
or oppressive ; and therefore in
M A G A 2 1 N 2 of MAGAZINE
all our measures vve ought to be extremely
cautious of giving rise to any
such future apprehension. It is our interest
to Support and preserve the power
of she house of Austria ; but this interelt
we shall defeat, if we do not take
care to pursue it in such a manner, as
not to give occasion for any such iealotsly
; for it is not the power of the
house of Austria alone that 'ue are to
set up as a balance to the power of
France, but the power of that house
united with the power of tbe German
empire ; and whilst these two powers
continue united, a little of our money,
with the assistance of our navy, in time
of actual war, will always render them
an effectual balance.
This argument therefore, Sit, proves
nothing, or it proves too much ; for if
we should refuse to grant any subsidies
in time of peace, the princes of the empire
would retrench their etpenoe, unless
they are entirely abandoned ; and
if thev be entirely abandeoned, they will
certainly fell themselves to the highest
bidder, in which France and Spain will
certainly get the better of us ; for whatever
vve limy be in fighting, this nation
alone is not equal to she power of thoSe
two monarchies in giving ; and the
Dutch, I sear, are unable to contribute
any share : Nay l am afraid, that even
as to the expeiice of this treaty, wo
must fome way or other, pay their
share as well as our own ; for, l believe,
they are not able to pay it without
making a reduction of their ariny ;
and if anytroaps are to be reduccd, it
is certainly in ore Sor our interest, as well
as the general interest of Europe, that
fome of the princes of the Lterpire
should be obliged than that the Dutch
US a
should be obliged, to reduce the number
of their regular troops.
Having thus, Sit, given my opinion
very folly and very freely, of the treaty
now under our consideration, l shall
conclude with declaring, that notwithstanding
Yvhat I have said against the
treaty itself, l shall concur .with my
Hon. si iend its his motion. Gentlemen.
I Seey

^Y J A N U
I See, are surprized at this declaration ;
but they have not fo much reafon, as
they may perhaps imagine. Care will
be taken, I hope, that the treaty shall
not produce any ill effect ; andtho'the
expenee be, in my opinion, unnecessary
yet Since his majestv has been advised
to engage in it, l shall be for enabling
him to make it g^od, becauSe our refusal
would derogate So mucli Srom his
majesty's credit and instuence abroad,
that it might be attended with consequences
much more pernicious than
any that can enSue Srom our complying
with Such a trifle of expenee ; and
whoever duly considers this, will ceaie
wondering at the declaration l have
made, and join with me in giving an
affirmative to the motion now be-
Sore us.
Ispon this Guintus Mucins (W-LL-M
M RR Y, Esq; Solicitor Geii.) sinnd
s.p, and Spoke thut :
Air. Cheticman,
S i R,
A LTHO' l highly approve os what
dh. the Haon, gentleman who spoke
last, was pleased so conclude with, yet
as l have an opinion os the treaty
itself very different from what he Seems
to entertain, I shall beg leave to give
Some oSthe reasons Sor the opinion I
have Sormed. I must eonieSs, it is with
^rcat diffidenee, that l differ Srom him
in any opinion, but especially in an opinion
relating to any Soreign treaty,
which is a subject he has been So long
conversant in, and in which he has done
such eminent Service to his country.
i^s l am thus dissident, Sir, it will obllge
me to be the more methodical in
what l am to offei in Savour oS this
treaty ; and for this purpose l shall consider
the object, the view, and the principle
of the treaty before us. As to the
object, it is the election of the king of
the Bomans, in order to prevent any
vacancy of the Imperial throne upon
the death ofthe present emperot, whose
^•e l shat| ^rant may in ail human ap-
at
A R Y, ^
pearanee be, and l hope will be, of
long continuance; but this no man can
be Sure oS : He may, to the misfortune
of Europe, and of this nation in
particular, be Suddenly cut off in the
prime os his age, and this misfortune
would be highly exaggerated, should
he die before any election of a king of
the Romans ; for will any one fay, that
the Germanick body can act with Such
vigour, either in defending isfelf, or
assisting its allies, when it is without
any head, as when it is firmly united
under one head ? Will any one lay.
that a country which is possessed by so
many poyversul princes, all jealous of
one another, and every one thinking
himself insitled to fome part of the territory
paiffesfed by bis neighbour ^ I say.
can a country in such cireumitanees be
presumed to eontinue in peace, when
it has no fole and supreme lodge to appoly
to, nor any one person who has
either the right or the poyver to enforce
its laws, and to punish those who venture
to tranfgresSthem ?
I know it may he said, Sit, that during
a vacancy of the imperial throne,
the government os the empire devolves
upon the two vicars ; but as there is a
dispute still Subsisting between the elector
Palatine, and the elector of Bavaria,
about one of thefe vicariatshipS, and as
the refpective rights of the two vicars
are far from berng fully fettled and afeertained
by the laws of the empire,
this very establishment, instead ot preserving,
might he the cause ofdasturbing,
the tranquillity of that country :
Nay, suppose that this establishment
were sully perfected, so that no contest
could remain upon that head, yet we
cannot suppose, that they would have
power enough to prevent some of the
potent princes, their neighbours, front
takingthat opportunity to vindicate by
force oS arms thoSe rights cor possessions,
to which they imagined they had a just
title ; or perhaps one of the vtcars
might himself be among the first to
tranSgreSs the laws, and interrupt the
peace of his country ; and both these
H a -events

M A G A 2 1 N 2 of M A G A 2 1 N E
events Yve have the more rcafon to Sear,
beoaufe both actually happened during
the last vacancy of the Imperial throne.
From all vvhicb, l think, we base the
strongest reason to conclude, that should
such a vacancy ^again happen, it would
be impossible to preserve tbe internal
quiet of Germany for So mucb aa one
day, and much less during tbe long
interval vvhich might happen beSore
even a majority of the electors could
be got to agree upon the choice of an
emperor ; for we may learn Srom the
histories of that country, that they
were once Sor at least i 5 years before
they could agree tipon the choice of
anv emperor; and vve are told, that
during all that time, the whole empire,
in Italy as well as Germany, was in
the utmost disorder and confusion.
The object of this treaty is therefore,
Sir, in the present circumstance of
Europe, of the utmost importance even
lo this kingdom, as we do not kneow
how Soon we may have occasion for tbe
assistance of the empire of Germany ;
consequently, tbe obtaining of this object
is of infinitely greater value to us,
than the fmall subsidy which his majesty
has for this purpofe engaged to
p ay to the elector of Saxony ; and now,
Sit, as to ihe view or design oS this
treaty, every one knows, that it is to
get the prefent emperor's eldest fon
elected king of the Roman5, which is a
design that seems to be universally approved
of; and indeed, the continuance
a f the imperial diadem in the house of
Austria is far much Sor the interest of this
country, that l should wonder at heaii
ag it disapproved by any gentleman in
this assembly;" for the ho se of Austria,
by means of their dominions in Italy,
in the Netherlands, and upon the Bhine,
will always be the most useful, and,
whilst they pursue their own interest,
must be the most ready and willing assistant
Yve tan have in a war with the
h ruse of Bourbon, because w'tls the
houfe o. Austria Yve ra i never have anv
material contest, at el their security depends
as much upon supporting the
e
pOYver of this kingdom, as our security
depends upon supporting theirs.
I come, in the last place, to the principle
upon which this treaty is founded,
and that evidently appears to be the
preservation of peace and a balance of
power in Europe. The Yvifdom or the
uprightness of this principle, Sir, I
hope no gentleman will contest ; and
that the peace, as well as the balance
of power, depends upon preventing a
vacancy in the imperial throne, I have,
1 think, already demoi strated ; but I
will now go farther and affirm, that
both depend, indisputably, in my opinion.
upon continuing she imperial diadem
in ihe house of Austria. As to
the preservation of the peace of Europe,
let me suppose, that a majority of electors,
through French it Sluenee, for
it can never be througb any thing else,
should, during the present emperor's
life, or even upon his death, pals by
his fon, and chufe seme other prince
king of the Romans or emperor, would
the house of Austria, could we, could
the Dutch, or any independent prince
in Europe, Submit willingly and peaceably
to such an illegal election? If we
did, or if we should all be forced to do So,
would there be any longer a balance of
power in Furope? Would it be posi-ble
for any nation in Europe to stand againSt
the power of the house of Bourbon,
after their having established a
vicc-emperor in Germany t We might
pelhaps enjoy peace, but it would he
such a peace as slaves enjoy, who submit
tamely and patiently to the arbitrary
commands of their imperious
lords.
Thus, Sit, l have shewn that the object
of this treaty is oi the utmost importance
even to us, that the view of
design of it is universally approved, and
that the principle upon which it is
founded is not only lost, but Such a
one as we must for our own Safely, as
well as the safety of Europe, necelfanly
pursue. Can we then disapprove erf
she treaty itself? This really seems tu
be a fort of parade^ ; and to Sup^rt

.^t' J A N U A R Y ,
this paradox, two arguments are made tious of expressing his fentimentS| or
uSe of, which to me Seem to be incon- rather suspicions, sn this house ; for be
sistent. in^he first place, it is Said, that should consider, that there are always
the treaty will defeat the end intended many strangers in our gallery.
bv it ; and to prov e this, the princes oS But gentlemen seem to be confcious.
Germany are represented as such mer- Sir, that this charge or^ venality against
cenary creatures, that they would eX- the princes of Germany can gain no
pcise their country to the danger oS a credit, therefore they shift the fcehe
destructive civil war, for the Sake of and those princes are reprefented as
enjoying a trifling Subsidy Srom us for persons acted only by a true publish
two or three years longer. Sit, l am spirit ; from whence it is inferred, that
surprised to he ir Such an unjust insinua- if an immediate election of a king of
tion : The princes of Germany are ge- tbe Romans be necessary for the safety
nerally known to be persons of great of the empire, those princes would pro-
dignity as well as honour : They anay ceed to it directly, and agree in it una-
have different ways of thinking, but l nimously, without any fubsidy from us;
am persuaded, there isnot one osthem and particularly with respect to the king
who would not diipiie any sum of mo- of Poland it is faid, that not only his
ney, when iteame in competition with regard to the true interest of Germany,
the true interest of their country, and but his regard to his own interest, must
this very treaty is a manifest proof of prevail with him to concur in clausing
it ; for the king oS Poland had, until the archduke Joseph ksng of the Ro-
the year I75o, a Sublidy from France mans as soon as possible, because he
of double the sum he is now to have cannot otherwise secure the crown of
from us, and without doubt might Poland tohimfelf and his fon after him.
hare had it continued, is he would have Now, Sir, as to the general argument
accepted of it upon her terms : Every l must obferve, that it seems to he the
subsidy vae now pay, or may hereafter opinion of every gentleman in this
pay, is a proof oS the honour and pub- houfe, not only that the archduke Jolack
Spirit oS the princes of Germany ; seph should be choSen king of the Reo-
for there is not one of shesn who might mans, but that he should be chofen as
not have a higher subsidy from France soon as may be. This, I say, seems to
than we are able to pay. It is amazing be the unanimous opinion here, but
what sums oS money are paid yearly by this, it is plain, is not the unanimous
l ranee, bv way of Subsidy to foreign opinion of the electors and princes of
ponces and states ; l have lately seen Germaa y, otherwise the cicct on weuld
an authcntick list of them. from which already have been made. I am far
it appeared that, reckoning a livre at a from supposing that yve can, by a subsi-
shilling, the Erencli now pay yearly dy, induce any of those princes to be of
3oo,cool. sterlingto the king of Prussia, our opinion : No, Sir ; this must be
the tame sum to the king of Sweden, done by negotiation and argument ;
l ao.oocol. to Denmark, 5eo,o001. to the: and when we have So far succeeded in
elector Palatine ; besides the subsidies this way, as to bring any one over so
they pay to the elector of Cologne, ouropinion, is it not prudent in ti^, is
the cantons of Swilfcrland, the repub- it not our interest to strengthen his
hek of Genoa, and the princes of barm a hands as much as we can, by granting
and Modena. Nothing therefore but a him a subsidy, especially as we know,
tfue regard to what they think the in- that France is doing the same with icterest
of their country | can induce any Spect to all those wlao are at preSent ol
ponce in Germany to accept of any the Same sentiments with her t For 1
luoSidy from us ; arid if any gentletisars have So good an opinion os the king el
thought otherwise, be sheuld be cap- Psuslsa and the electors Palatine and
Cologne

Cologne as to tbink, tbat it is not tbe
fubSldies they have from France, that
makes them refuse to concur in the election
of a king of the Romans, but
because they ar^ not yet convinced of
its being necessary for the Safety os the
empire; and as Franae is thus strengthruing
the bands os all those that' are of
the Same fensiments with bet, I shall
freely own, that if it were inourpoWet,
I should be for our being equal with
her in this respect t but as this is not in
our power, we must trust to the justice
of our cause more than to the weight
oS our purse ; vet 1 cannot think, we
ought to trust entirely to the justice of
our canSe, Sor iS we neglect any means
we have in our poyvet, we shall deserve
to be neglected by Providence.
Then, Sir, vvish regard to the particular
argument relating to the king os
Poland, considering his conduct in the
late war, 1 am Surprised any one
should think him So much attached to
tile houSe os Austria, as that no consideration
can separate him from the interest
of that house. Did he not foon
after the beginning of the late war join
in the confederacy against that house ?
Did be not continue to exert bis utmost
strength in favour of that confederacy
until he found himfelf forsaken by the
Prussians, and ihe French as well, as the
Bavarians unable to give him any assistance
? Therefore the gaining of him,
who is one of the vicars, and the only
indisposed vicar in the empire, must be
allowed to be a new, and a very considerable,
acquisition to the common
cause ; and it is of the more consequence,
as it may prevent a war upon
the next election of a king of Poland,
as well as upon the next election of an
emperor of Germany •, for I am of opinion,
that no election either of the
one or other can ever neow happen
without a war, unless very prudent
measures be previously taken for preventing
it. Had be continued in the
interest of France until his death, and
his Ion bad set up upon the fame interest
to be chosen king of Poland, that
a
M A G A 2 1 N 2 ofMAGA2INP.^,
election would certainly have occasion
ed a war ; Sor neither the AuStrians
nor the Buffians will ever allow any one
in that interest to be peaceably established
upon tbe throne of Poland .
Whereas now be bas again attached
himfelf to the Houfe of Austria, they
would both, in case of his death, fopport
the election of his fon ; and the
French would then probably find themfelves
as unable to oppose the election
of tbe fon, as they were hefore to opposetbe
election of the father: therefore
they would rather peaceably fubmit,
than engage in a warwbich, from
experience they had learned, they Could
not carry on with success.
I hope, Sit, l bave now given fuSlicient
reasons for thinking this treaty
one of tbe wisest and naost useful we
ever made; but if l have failed in this
point : If there be still anv gentlemen
in this houfe, who do not approve of
the treaty, l hope they will concur
with my Hon. friend who spoke last, in
approving of the motion ; for every
one, I suppose, will join with him iia
thinking, tbat it would be of the most
dangerous conSequence to refuse euabling
his majesty to fulfil a folenan engagement
which he has already enteral
into. Such a refusal would render it
impossible for his majesty, or any sueceeding
fovereign of this kingdom, to
conclude any treaty that required anew
ex pence ; and as suoden emergences
often require the immediate conclusion
os expensive treaties, the many Saaal
effects os such an impossibility, I am
persuaded, l need not explain.
(This Journal to he continued in our next j
From the CazETEElt, Dec. 14and2i.
From a Ge.it/eman in the Country to hit
/ricnd in London.
S / R,
| AM Savoured with yours, in which
^ you give me an account of the
Splendor of your lord mayor, the Slout
rishing state of our metropolis, and the
honour conferred upon your court ot
aldermen

^ J A N U A R Y ,
aldermen by his majesty's grace and
favour, which account is highly pleaSing
to me, as we in these distant parts
oS^the kingdom, Seel the benefits of
trade from the foreign money current
ainonost tts. I hope the citizens of
Lndor^ will think themselves obliged to
make suitable returns of affection and
gratitude to his majesty, when they
consider that Sreedom is the parent of
trade, and trade oS riches.
You go on and tell me, that you
have a new club or association oS nobility
and gentlemen, established, in oral
r to the preservation of the game cover
England, whoyou think might fpand
their time and money to better and
noire laudable purposes, than that of
prosecuting poor men, already too miserable,
for the killing an insignificant
hare or partridge, by which profecutions
many will be driven from their habitations,
and leave their families a burthen
on the parishes. And this, you
lay, the fociery, think a commendable
undertaking. You observe further, that
this association hath been already productive
of great hardshipr and inconveniencieS
to many people, as it hath deprived
persrns of very great fortunes
in the public sunds and otherwise, from
having any piece os game at their tables
: and it seems to you very abftird,
that a person of one hundred pounds a
year land, tbo mortgaged to near its
value, should by the law of the land be
qualified to take what game he pleases,
when another, who hath 4o,o00i. in
stock and money, by which I understand
you mean yourself, shall not be
permitted to take the least feather ; and
you ask me, Which of the two ought
to have the greatest consideration from
the publick t and you say, since we
country gentlemen have got all the
game ofthe kingdom to ourselves, and
as you can buy none, you expoect to be
furnished Syom me. You proceed fur.
t iet and say, that game is fere natura,
aad seems to be the natural property
Or him ^-bo can catch it, and that it
isvours much of arbitrary and despotic
power to deprive a man of a liberty he
is by nature entitled to ; and that the
injustice and hardship of the game laws,
will appear the more ndious and abominable,
as they even deprive the farmer
on whose ground the game is reared
and fed, whose grafs and corn they
have eat, and therefore are most reasonably
berome a part of his stock and
substance.
I agree with you, that the people
chiefly profecuted by this Society, are
poor and miserable ; but then l deny
tsaat tbese calamities are brought upon
them, either by the laws in being, or by
the proSecutions directed by the society.
They were fo before, and will even continue
fo lo be, fo long as they refuse i o
work at their respective professions, and
fpend their lime in pursuit of game.
And I appeal to the observation of all
men, whether the wives and children
of poachers are not worse Cloathed and
worse fed, and in more distress and misery,
than those os any industrious labourer
in the parish t But this is not
the word ; for as such persons will not
work themselves, fo their children are
bred up in idleness ; ar.d like young
pole-cats. begin to hunt alter game as
loon as their eyes are open ; and when
they have got a taste oS that Sort, will
hardly ever be reclaimed. So that 'tis
better both for the family and perish.
that such a fellow should .be drove from
home, his children reared to labour ar.d
industry, than that all the male children
should he debauched by the example of
such a father. Besides, sit, do noi you
think that a strong lusty felloyv employ •
ing his time in pursuit of hares, &c. is
guilty of a misapplication of bis strength
and parts, and is consequently a loss to
the publick ? Is not all manufacture,
trade, hedging, ditching, plowing, sowing.
reaping, mowing, marling, and every
other branch of trade and h aShandry,
injured and neglected, while men os this
sort are Spending theil whole nights in
pursuit of game ^ Add to this, that iii
case they miss one game, their necessities
require another, so take to stealing fish
out

out of ponds and rivers, deers, and coyieys
out of parks and warrens ; geese,
poultry, sheep, and what not.
And l can truly affirm, that I never
knersr a farmet ^r other person, whole
welfare depended upon care and induftry.
but in a very few years was totally
undone, if he gave his mind too
mueb to the pursuit of game : fo that
the fociety for the preservation of the
game are deing a publickgood, by punishing
or driving from home, some os
this race of lawleSs pestilent Sellow5, if
thereby they can reduce others to a fober
industrious manner of life. This
view the legislators had in making the
game laws ; and this view the Seociety
you mention, l do presume, have, in
potting theSe laws into execution. I
cannot agree with you in thinking, that
the laws relating to game, are either
severe or cruel in not giving people of
great personal property, a power of
killing game, or arbitrary and oppressive
in not permitting the farmer to take it,
or that game is fere na terra, and therefore
every one, who can, may take it.
First, The property in game Seems most
naturally to follow the land where it is
reared. fed, and found : and therefore
the man of ever fo great personal property,
who bath on land of his own
can have no natural right to kiil or take
it in the lands of another ; and you
might. with equal justice, take my fish
out as nay river or pond, as mv hares
patriulges, &c. for they are both mine,
bv virtue of the place where they have
been reared and fed ; and, if they are
wholly mine, they cannot be yours,
and consequently, you can have no
riabt to take them without mv leave,
more than you can my sheep or my
cattle. As h ires, patridges, &c. carry
no marks by which they can be
distinguished one from another, fo as to
be particularly owned, as sheep and
cattle do, therefore the law hath rightly
appointed tbem to be tbe property os
tie land holder, and forbid all tbofe
who bave trot such a portion of land,
form having game in their possession ;
te
M A G A 2 IN E of M A G A 2 1 N E
lightly presuming, that such perform
must either steal it themselves, or btiy
it from those who did ; both which. a
the very nature of separate propert • ,
are unjust. 'Tis true, the law hath limited
the power of killing game, to
him that hath too/. a year in land-'.
Why tbe legislature fixed upon tiat
quantity is hard to say, unless we furpose
tbat tbey thought sucb a portion
of apparent property was sussaient to
maintain a man and bis family, with, ut
much personal labour and industry ;
but whatever reason there was for String
that tbe standard, 'tis certain it
might have fixed upon any other qua: -
tity of land more or less ; and yc ttr
objection would have been equally
good: and l could with more plausible
reasoning say, the lavs is unjuSt which
excuses your stuck from contribute a
in ease of the land tax, than it could
be sald, that my land shall against my
consent furnish dainties for your table.
I do not better agree with you in
your sentiments that hares, patridges,
&c, areSere nalnra, and therefore liable
to be taken by esery one, any more
or farther than all the other brute animals
are. Those creatures as I observe
ed beiore, being hard to be distinguish^
ed from each other, a property in them
is not fo easily fitted as in horses, sheen,
cows, pigs, &c. whose size, colour,
and marks distinguish them from each
other, and being larger and better a^
dapted to the service of man, moie
pains have been taken to tame them,
and reconcile them to a confined life;
but if sheep, hogs, &c. were totally
left to themSclves, lhev Yvould be as
Ysild as hares, &e. and were partridges
to be fed and reared as chickens are,
1 conceive they would be equally al
familiar. But suppose the things we in
this crountry call game, were in a
more particular manner sere nalura than
the others before mentioned ; would it
from thence follow, that. every man
hath a natural right to take them is
not all property faxed and determined
by the will and agreement of men. and

^ J A N U A R Y ,
must it not necessarily have been fo
front the time they entered into social
lise ? And are not laws made as far as
man can see for the good of the whole ?
And if a law is- made to give a property
in a thing where there was none before,
would not that law bind others,
and make that be a man's property
which was not fo before ^
The laws of this country have for
many gond reasons, confined what is
here called game, to the benefit of the
landed men, and to the landed men only
; and shall others, who have not a
a toot of land in the kingdom, take it
at pleaSure^ Your manner of reasoniag
will hold equally for the benefit of
Smugglers as poachers, for stealing fish
as well as game.
Your next oscertion, that it is unjust,
cruel, &c. to debar the farmer from
killing the game on his own land, &c.
had something in it more plausible than
the other parrs of your letter, but
when duly considered, consists only in
giving hard names and words, but hath
not the least shadow of reason or justice
to Support it.
The farmers in this kingdom who
occupy no land but what is their own,
are very sew and inconsiderable in comparison
of the rest of the landed men,
and therefore 1 shall only consider, under
this head, the farmers of other men's
lands and estates, who, you think,
in realeon and justice ought to kill at
pleasure.
SuppoSe there was no game layvs in
being, and that the tenants and farmers
of other men's estates were at liberty
to kill game at their will and pleasure,
Would not every nobleman and gentleman
of a good landed estate, reserve
the game to himself for his own ufe
and entertainment, and make covenants
and conditions in his bargains and leases,
that his tenants, their workmen and
servants, upon fervere forfeitures and
penalties, should iaot kill the game thetnlelves,
nor wilfully Suffer any other to
co it ? W could not this be an honest,
•ait, and rational bargain t And have
VuL. V-
the legislators done any thing fo strong
and severe r Have they not had a tenderness
and regard for the welfare and
safety of the farmer, by substituting a
general law, forbidding him to kill
game under a finall penalty, with
which all the nobility and gentry in this
kingdom rest satisfied, instead of inferring
in every lease those conditions and
covenants which would be productive
of endless law suits and controversies,
frequently end in the ruin of the farmer,
loss of his lease, and always. to his
detriment ? Thus it would certainly
stand betyvixt the tenant and his landlord,
were there no general laws for
the preservation of the game. And
a now leave you to judge which of
these would be best for the Sarnoer' ;
and 1 do appeal to you, whether it
was not difcreet, generous, good-natured
and wife in the legislators, to determine
by Small penalties, rather than
leave them to be ruined and undone
by one indifcreet action aid breacia of
covenant ?
Farmers are the chief favourites of
landed men, and whoever told or surmized
to you, that the society doth
now or ever did intend to prosecute farmers
yyithout distinction, imposed upon
you, and abused the Society, whoso
resolutions and actions are only against
poachers, fnarers, takers oS game in
the night, poulterers, hitlers, carr ers,
inn-hotders, and all those who are concerned.
in the killing, felling, or dilp -
sing of any game for gain t and if any
farmer Cometh under arty o.' these cie-
Seriptions, he must not hope to retail
himself of his being a farmer, but must
blame himself sor trading in those Sorbidden
commodities, and giving defiance
to the laws, bis la nal aid, and all
people o'S distinction an the kingdom.
You give asse to understand tnat since
you cannert boy, vou expect garae
from me, supposing that I abound, an s
have sufficient both for any Self and
friends. You know, Sir. that my e-
State lies within 2 miles of a very
populous borough town, where every
l i a^s

^ M A G A 2 1 N E of M A G A 2 1 N E
man thinks, from the protection he is
to have from his representative, to be
exempt from all laws both human and
divine; and though I have a thousand
pounds a year, lying moltly together,
xvish a lordship, l assure you l may look
a yvhole day and not find above one
bare, and often even not one,' tho' my
tenants aSfure me they kill none, and l
believe they Seldom do ; and tho* we
yearly See coviea of partridges when
forall, they arc all taken hesure they
are fit to be fought after by any gentleman
who intends 'em for his diveisiern,
not his prey. But in case l Shall perceive
chat the proceedings of this society
have an influence on my estate, and
that l am protected from those harpies,
I assure you that you yourself shall Seel
the advantages arising from the association,
which at preient you seem So
much to dislike. And now I hope upon
this fair and impartial State of the
case, you will think the laws as they
now stand, for the preservation of the
game, reasonable in themselves, beneficial
to the publick, and tender in refpect
to thedelinquent ; andthac chefociety,
consisting of the best families and largest
estates in the kingdom, can never enter
into any fcheme injurious to their
tenants and farmers ; and if by any
measures of theirs they can introduce
diligence and labour into tbe place os
unlawful sports and pastimes, fo shamefully
practised among the inferior people,
that it will merit your forgiveness,
and the thanks os the publick, the parishes,
the wives and children of this
beggarly race of poachers, who are got
tco numerous and impudent to be reforaneel
by particulars, and whom nothing
less than an association of this
Sort can bring back to a Sense of their
duty and callings. A.
The following L r t t E R , which is one -f
the samous Madim de M A l N T I'.
N O N's to her Brother, not only she-. ;
the gond Seuse of the Writer, hut corf
fains firch mora/ Precepts as ought to be
rememhered by many of this e^e and
Country o.
To M D' A U B I G N E.
^'ID man is unhappy hut by his
Own fault. This shall always
be my text, and my anfwer to your
lamentations. Think, my dear blether,
on tbe voyage to America, on
tbe misfortunes of your father, the
miseries of our infancy, the wretchedness
of our youthful days ; and you
' will bless Providence, instead of murmuring
against fortune. Ten yea- , ago
we were both very distant from the
station we are now in : Our hotter
were fo Small, that Yve limitted our desires
to three thousand livres a year.
We have at present four times .as merely
and ought we to wish Sor more •" ^ t
enjoy that happv competency, which
formerly you fo highly extolled. las
us be content, If riches increase, let
us receive tbem as from tbe hands
God ; but let not our views he tt^
vast. 'We have tbe necessaries rnd
conveniencies of life ; all the rest is
cupidity. All this thirst aster grandeur
arises from the emptiness of an unquiet
mind All your debts are paid : ^
may live deliriously without contrasting
new ones. What else can you wills
for ? Must fe hemes to grow rich ana
great , be pursued at the expence rrS
your repose and your health ? Read the
life of St. Lewis, and you will Seeled
little all worldly grandeur is capable os
satisfying the heart of man. None hat
God is capable of filling it. I repeat it.
^ This letter war wrote feme time offer She held bonghf the e tatc calledMairaterana.
form which She had her title, em estate of about 1 2,00o /ivrcs' a year, Sor whtcFfrpaid
250,000 levees in/ittle more than sour years, after- she had the care of Made^
de Montefpan'5 children committed to her charge by Lewis KIV. from whence ^
orrery indge of the frefitr of her place, ser she was worth nothing when she entered ietS
ba ', ou the contrary, both her brother and She seem fo have heen deeply in debt.
yteti

^Y J A N U A R Y, ^
you are unhappy only through your
own fault. Your inquietudes impair
your health, which you should preferve,
were it only that l love you. Work
upon your humour ; iS you can render
it less bilious and gloomy, it will be
a great point gained. This is not the
work oS reflection only ; you must add
exerciSe, diversions, an uniform and regular
life. You will never think well,
whilst you are ill : When the body is
cast down, theSoul has no vigour. Adieu.
Write to me oStener, but in a
less moanSul stile.
Another LEttER of Madam de MAIN-
TENON, git'lay an Account of tbo
lest Sickness and Death of tbo Flench
Ring, LEWts ^IV.
MaeSanr de M A 1 ntENON to the Aboschioness
ofo^oo,
Sept, 5, 1715.
f'^^ the evening of our return from
^ Marle, the king was fo weak, it
was yyith difficulty he crept from his
cloSet to his praying desk. Two days
aster he appeared to me So Sar Spent
that l no longer doubted oS bis death :
I talked to him of Gnd ; he readily listened
to me, and put me Several times
upon the Same topick. The 25el lentertained
Some hopes ; he eat and slept;
and the next day dispatched Some business
with M. i^ishr. But whether
application had SatigUed him, or his
distemper was come to a crisi5, he fainted
away ; l was greatly alarmed at it,
hat kept myself in as good decorum as
possible: When recovered from his
fainting, l propoSed to him to receive
the sacraments ; to which he anfwered,
" If it rather too soon, 1 find myself
tend enough.'' I replied to him, that
at all times it was a wife precaution ;
that we could never be too early in
beSeeching God to pardon our offences;
putting him in mind of fome of his
actions, which I had been eve-witness
of, he Said to me, " You de me a piece
Sf service, i thank you for it.*' He
confessed himself. and I used my ut-
most endeavours to put on that fortitude
I fo much admired in him : My
chief care was to refrain from weeping,
and as often as l felt the tears ready to
drop, l withdrew for a moment. He
called for his casket, 1 bright itto hina,
and he searched it before me ; finding
fome lists of the journeys to Marle,
" These, said bo, are paprrs of very little
consequence ; no bad uSe can be made of
them ;'' then taking up another paper,
he added, « Let us hurn this, it might
occasion great hatred and strife between
thofe two ministers.'' He found a chape
let. which he gave me, saying, " Carry
it about you, not as a relieve, but to
keep rne a/ways in remembrance.'' The
cardinal de Rohan gave him the viaticum
; after which he said, " i have
lived a great many years, hut very sew
of them have heen spent inGoals service.''
He sent for the royal family, and said
to them, " 1 yea ommend peace and unity
toyo^. The 25th, tho'hehad no Sever,
he was excessively thirsty : l gave
him drink three times. M Fagen no
longer doubted that the gangrene was
got into his leg, he whispered me
that it had penetrated to theboise, and
that there were no more hopes : l
pasted the night by his bed's-side, and
talked yvith him about his spiritual
concerns : He told me, that he had
but three things to reproach ^iimfelt
with, and that Gad's mercies were still
greater than his sins. The next day
Marecha/ made two incisions with a
lancet; the king felt nothing, but
sainted away. The physicians, feeing
him so resolute and unconcerned, coilsuited
about cutting off his leg ; M.
Fagou would not propose it to him : l
took upon me to do su ; upon which
he said to them, « Doyou think to fave
my /rfeby it? Marecha/ anfwered, that
there was but little probabllitv of it .•
" ifSo, fold tbo king. it is neediest to put
me to any pain." After which, turning
to the other side, where the marshal
de V illerny stood, he reached out hts
hand to him, and said, " Adieu my
friend, atue must part.*' The cardinal
l a de
a

^ M A G A 2 1 N 2 of M A G A 2 1 N E
de Rohan and father le Testier came in ;
he had a long conference with tbem ;
I withdrew to gave free vent to my
tears, and I heard only thefe words
upon enter.ng die room again, " You
wi//auseuer for it hefore God.'' The
^7th be bid the princes draw near him :
He recommended the Dauphin to the
dalke of Orleans, and faid-to tbe duke
du Maine, •• Take eare of his education ;
bs as strongly attached fo him as you have
been So me." He then desired the
duke of Borerbon and the prince of
Conli neot to imitate their fathers. The
Dauphin having drawn near, he gave
him his blessing, and said to him, " rny
sen, you are going to he a great king ;
he a/ways a good christian ; e/o rtot fo/leW
rny example in regard fo war;
endeavour fo live in peetce with your
neighbours s Render fo God what yon
owe to him ; follow a/ways the rnst
moderate counsels . endeervour to reduce
the faxes, f nd do that which I unheip-
Pdy berve not heen able to do.'' The
Dauphin having withdrawn. he order.
ed ham to be called in again, embraced
him with tears in his eves, and added,
„ Take notice, rny fin, of ^ ^
I have been frying t^yoti, as rny /ast precepts
; and set these counsels fink eleep into
your mind. Remember that kings die
like otler men'' He bid me adieu
three times : Tbe first time, he assured
me, that he regressed nothing but
parting from tne ; but, added lie,
wish a sigh, we shall foon meet again :
—I entreated hint tea turn his thoughts
towards (Sod only. 'She second tains.
he asked my pardon for not having lived
with me to well as he ought ; and
for not having made me happy ; but
that he had always loved and esteemed
rare. He desired me to take notice whether
the attendants dd not listen ;
" However, adled he, nobody wiliever he
forprieod that ! give -cay to tenderness
wifhyou.** At the third adieu, lie said
car nae, " Whaf will become ofyen ?
You are less destitute.*' I exhorted him
to mind nothing but Cod ; but reflecting
af.trwards, that I could not tell
t,
how the princes might treat me, l desired
him to recommend me to the
duke of Orleans. He accordingly called
the duke, and said to him, " Aly
nephew, 1 reecommend Madam de Maintenon
toyour care ; you know what efieem
and regard 1 have always had fir
her ; she never gave me any hut good
couusels, and 1 repent my not having always
followed them s She has heen useful
to me in all respects. and chiefly in turning
me to God and labouring sor rny sulveition.
Grant her whatever she may ast you,
whether it he sor herself, or sor her relations
and seicndi, she will not make an
abuse of its Lot her apply directly toyoier-
felf " The 3oth he said to ms. „ You
must neede have a great deal of courage
to he always present at fuch a seectaele."
When l found he had lost all Senft,
and that l eould be of no farther service
to him, being no longer able to
stifle my grief, l resolved to retire to
this place ; and in order to avoid the
people's reflections on the road, that I
might not be known, l desired themarshal
Villernyto lend me his .coach, and
told him at parting, that my asthcti n
was pungent, yet calm ; that the kino's
death was a christian death ; that l hsd
never begged any thing of God but his
eternal happiness, and that l Yvas going
to shut myself up with my children. lit
my arrival, I found the community alsembled
to r e c e i v e me, and at the si^rt t
of the young ladies l could not relr^n
from tears : Behold how manv fatherless
children are here, said I to the
archbishop of Rouen and the Bishop of
Chartres, who would absolutely wait
upon me to my chamber. From ad
that I have been relating to you^—^
the rest is wanting.
Among other Observations of Ba 1 T v n ^ t -
CUs, upon (d A ts, in the London-
Evening Post of Jan. 16, are tse
fostowing.
•|F men would but rightly oorafoler
^ the true nature of an oath, it^

^Y J A N U
would never take it without trembling,
even tho' what they were about to
Swear Yvas truth. Whenever men appear
before an earthly king, who is but
their fellow creature, do they not always
approach wish aweand reverence^
With what avve, with what reverence,
ought yve then to appear before the
presence of the Almighty King, our
Creator ^ IS mortals should never approach
his presence without trembling,
even tho' they intend to declare the
truth : How' audaciously impious, how
wonderfully wicked, must that man
who dares to appear before him with,
and eat upon him to be a witness to, a
falshood ^
There is no sin whatever, not even
murder itSelf, that fo surely, and in So
particular a manner, calls down its own
punishment in this life, as perjury : And
the reafon for it is very plain and evident
; because that abominable crime
must, in many cafes, be hidden Srom,
and escape the judgement os mankind,
and be known only to the heart of the
criminal, and to Gnd, whose holy
name he has prostituted, and made
Sabfervient to injustice : And therefore
if Gnd did not, in a most particular
manner punish it in this world. men
would beano apt tocondude, hedid not
regard, rule and govern it ; nor would
indeed the punishment of that horrible
sin, in the next yvoild only, anfwer
his wise ends in the moral rectitude of
this.
The man who dares to take a false
oath must, one should think, believe
that God does not either know* or regard
it ; and therefore Gnd, who is
all goodness, will Surely convince him
of the contrary, by a just and remarkable
punishment. The perjurer, who
calls to witness his falshood, does surely
as the same time, call down his punishment.
Perjury, lihe poiSon, certainly
destroys the guilty taker. As the perlnrer
disclaims all Suture help Srom
^ad, So all the evils of the world must
surround him ^ his gold will dissolve
mlo ait, and all his possessions vanish
like a dream : Instead oS health, rottenneSs
will Seize his bones, and age Suddenly
Surprize him, like a midnight
thief ; sickness and forrows will fink
him to the grave.—It is a great concern
to me to say, ^ut it is a truth.
that this horrid crime is become toao general
in this nation. The administering
an oath on.cvery flight occasion, and
the indecent and "irreverent manner in
which it is administered, tends not only
to promote perjury, but to Subvert
all truth and justice. The Spirit there-
Sore that now appears among Some
gentlemen of virtue, to alter and abolish
fome obsolete and inconsistent
oaths, cannot be too much commended.
If oaths were seldomer taken, and
in a more awful manner administered.
it would, in fome measure, suppress
that dreadful sin. And surely. if we
view it only in a political light, it ae
the interest of every state. so render
oaths as inviolable as words and ceremonies
can possibly make thera.
His Muisstf i most gracious Speech to loth
Houses of Pendant ••nt, on Taiursdas
January i i , 1753.
My Lords and Gentlemen,
T dfave received fo many proofs ofthe
good affections and zeal of my people
for my person and government,
that every opportunity oS meeting
them in parliament gives me a new satisfaction.
The maintenance of the
general peace, already happily established,
is fo desirable for all Eurss
that all my views and negotiati ^ o
have been entirely calculated and directed
to preferve.it, and secure its duration.
1 am still proceeding, aid
shall continue to act, upon the far^e
principle; nothing being capable os
giving me fo much comfort, as that
my good subjects may 1 ong enjoy the
happy fruits of the present tranquility.
I have the Satisfaction to be assured or
a garod disposition in all the powers in
alliance with me, to adhere to tise fasa^

^t! M A G A 2 s N 2 of^ M A G A 2 1 N
falautary object ; and the meaSures
which have been taken in different parts
of" Europe for that purpose, cannot Sail
to give additional strength and Solidity
tto the provisions made by the treaty
as Aix la Chapelle.^
Gentlemen of fbo bouse of Commons.
The estimates Sor the current year
Shall be laid before you by nry order.
I have no Supplies to ask oS you, but
what shall be necessary for she ordinary
Services, and Such as have been already
crriotnunica'ed to you, and for she Security
os the nation, and the support
eoS its trade and commerce, on which
the essential interests of this kingdom
depend. I must, at the same time,
earnestly recommend the continuance
es your attention to the reduction of
the national debt, the improvement of
the publick revenue, and augmenting
the linking fund.
Aly Lerdi and Gentlemen,
I hope you will find, that the laws
made the last Session of parliament, for
Suppressing thole crimes and disorders
vrnith have been fo justly complained
os, have had a gond effect. Whatforvttr
is farther necessary to perfect fo laueblale
a work, deserves your ferious consideration
; that whilst we enjoy peace
abroad, we may maintain good order
a^ad regularity at home. My hearty
^concurrence and endeavours shall never
be wanting in any thing that may promote
your welfare and prospority.
The^ Humble Alleess of the Lends .spiritual,
on d Temporal, presented Jan, 13, 1753.
Alosi Gracious Sovereign,
t tlla your majesty '5 most dutiful
1 ^ . and loyal subjects, the lords spiritual
and temporal in parliament assetntled,
beg leave to return your majesty
our humble thanks for your most gracilis
Speech fiom the throne.
Yaour majesty's paternal care of your
people, in establishing the peace, can receive
r.o addition, but from your constant
and vigilant endeavours to preserve
thein trie happy fruits of it. Whilst
'v.e gratefully remember the one, and
seel the gond effects of the other, we
do, with the justest confidence, rely on
your majesty's experienced wisdom and,
goodness in directing all your views and
negotiations to that desirable end.
It gives us great SatisSaction to be informed
from the throne, of the gond
disposition of all the powers in alliance
with your majesty to maintain the present
tranquility. Convinc'd that this
is the real interest of the other nations
of Europe, as well as our own, we rejoice
in every event that may give
strength and folidity to the" provisions
made by the general definitive treaty.
We are deeply Sensible, that nothing
can fo much contribute to thefe purposes.
as the influence of your majesty,
and the crown of Greaf Britain a and
we beg leave to assure you of our resolution
and earnestness to strengthen
your majesty's hands ; and, fo far as
depends upon us, to add weight to your
measures to render the peace durable,
for the common gond of Europe ; the
lasting benesit of your own kingdoms ;
and the Security oS our commerce and
navigation ; the Support and advancement
whereof we consider as the great
fource and Solid basis of our riches and
strength.
Your majesty's concern for onr domestic
happinefs appears in nothing
more, than in So graciously recommending
to your parliament the Salutary
work oS maintaining geood order and
regularity among the people. We
look upon it as essential to the national
happineSs ; and as the most likely
means, not only to entitle us to your
majesty's gracious approbation, but to
draw down upon us the proteaction or
the divine providence.
To repeat only our Solemn assurances
oS unfeigned gratitude, Sor the inestimable
blessings we enjoy under your
auspicious government, would not tu anciently
express the warmth of thote
sentiments which we seel in our hearts.
Gur loyalty, duty, and affection, to
your Sacred person, are raised to the
greatest height. Sand our zeal for she

ea.Se, prosperity, and true glory of your
reign, and Sor perpetuating the succession
to this crown, which you wear
with So much lustre, in a race of princes
descended from your felf, is incapable
of any addition.
His Majesty's most Gracious Anfwer.
My Lords,
I Return you my thanks for thars very lryal
and dirttsul addeest. Nothing can
give me greater Satisfaction, fhan thuse
fisernn astir ranees of the continuance of your
zeal and affection for my peofon, family,
and government. 1 firmly rely on your
support ; and you may asepcnd on rny hearty
concern for yrour true interests.
The humhle Aleleess of the House of cantons
to the King. Presented Jan 1753.
Mest Gracious Sovereign,
^/F your majesty's most dutiful and
^ loyal Subjects, the Commons os
Great Britain in parliament assembled,
humbly beg leave to return your majesty
our hearty thanks for your most
gracious Speech Srom the throne ; and
to congratulate your majesty upon
your Sale and happy arrival in this kingdom.
Permit us, sir, to express our sincere
joy, that the dutiful conduct of vour
majesty's faithful Commons has bern
rewarded with your royal approbation,
and to assure your majesty of the continuance
of that zeal and affection sor
your person and government, which
your majesty's constant attention to the
happiness us your people fo justly demands.
We must ever acknowledge your
majesty^ wildom as we// as gocodness,
in pursuing such measures as may best
contribute to maintain, aard render permanent,
the general tranquillity in
Europe.- and foster us, Sit, at the fame
tone, to declare our Satisfaction at the
assurances which your majesty lias received
form your allies, of their garod
disposition to adhere to the Same Salutary
object.
^our faithful Commons, with the
truest zeal aid dory, promise your ina-
J A N U A R Y, ^
jesty to raise with chearfulness, unanimity,
and dispatch, such supplies as
Shall be found necessary for the security
os the nation, and the support of its
trade and commerce^, so essential s o the
well-being of this country.
We cannot sufficiently testify our
grateful sense of your majesty's provident
concern for the welfare of this nation,
in recommending again to our attention
the lessening of the national
debt ; anddo allure your majesty, that
we will take into our Serious consideration
the best means to improve the publick
revenue, whereby the heavy load
of our debts may be put in a method
of being gradually reduced. and rhe
national credit, already in a flourishing
con ition, be firmly established.
We further beg leave to assure your
.majesty, that, whilst we reflect v.ith
gratitude upon the blessings of peace
abroad, and enjoy the daily fruits eis
the continuance of it, we will nor
be YVanting in our endeavours to preserve
goad order and regularity at
home ; happy in this cony action.
that, from the whole tenor of your
majesty's auspicious reign, we arc sine
of your majesty's hearty concurrence
in every measure, which may tend to
promote the true interests and prosperity
of your people.
His Majesty's most gracious Answer.
Centlemen,
f Thank you most heartily sor this ^e,^.
affectionate adleefi
Four zeal fir the good of the public.
and/or my government. cannot /ret ustaad
rnt the highest firti/action. My chi ' concern
will a/ways he the heippine, ' rry
people.
The I N S P E C T O R , Jan. i 8
Nunquai.n a/ind rai.'ura a.sndsapieutia ..x.-t
JuvE^AL
d^ONSTANTJA was possessed us
^^4 many amiable qualities; and bui
for love could not De.haus have beei
a -- c 1

M A G A 2 IN E ofMAGA21N2^,
accused of one human frailry. It was
bet fortune to be born in Holland,
daughter of a man of affluent Sortune
oarrtaised by commerce, and sister to an
officer of rank ^ the father could not
be more devoted to his wealth, than
the brother jealous of his honour.
Coristantia avas t he care and delight of
bol^s ^ she inherited from her father,
prodence ; and from her brother, tbat
chaste reserve and elevated dignity which
id they are noble in our own sex, always
appear with a superior lustre in the other.
Ilom to Such qualities, possessed of
Sat yyr.my virtues, what was there could
fobooe Constantsa's heart ? One thing
aforae, but tbat famous Sor levelling all
attacks, and burying distinction. A Btit^eh
odicet, a man who had inherited
Simian illustrious family all their Spirit
^nd greatness, but none os their possessions
; whose heart Yvas rich in nobleness-,
but whole sword, like the poor
Charaaont'S, was alibis porticon, served
lief the troops commanded by her brother.
lt was easy to distinguish in tiim
a foul and a defcent, ill suited to his
fortune. His colonel did not want the
forrit to discern on such occasions : He
prtied, he honoured, and he loved hina.
The refpect with vvleich he was received
in the family, first drew Constantsa's
eyes upon him : She thought it merit
ao compassionate, and glory to reverence
what her brother pitied and admired ;
and love that follows Swift upon the
heels as tenderness, when joined with
true esteem, foon took the place of every
or iter passion.
Lysanudet, whose modesty would nut
have aspired to love, whose gratitude
and friendship would not have suffered
hi irr to be ambitious on fuch terms,
could not be forry that he was beloved.
He saw the first osber sex in merit, as
Well as in quality, regard lim with a
look n't tenderness, beyond the power of
friendship or of compassion : He suffered
that flame to glow unto the full
heiof.t, Yvlsofe Sparks he had Smothered ;
he watched his opportunity, and he disclosed
his gratitude and adoration t He
n
pleaded with success ; and the lady, nbove
all disguise, did not affect to hide
her willingness to hear him, and to be
persuaded
When there are greater difficulties,
the lesser vanish : Had there bern no
conditions necessary to Lyfander's happiness
but the consent of Constantsa, that
bad perhaps bern for a time with-held •
and form prevailed against a real inclination
: But before a necessity of thc
Coosent of a father, and the approbation
of a brother, both necessary, and both
at least not easily obtained, this was as
nothing.
The task was difficult ; but it must
be attempted. Success was eagerly desired;
and form submitted to necessity.
What must have been denied to the
lover, the lady Solicited with her own
voice : The brother was the most likely
to be gained, and he was first addressed.
He honoured h^: for her judg.
ment, and he applauded her disinterested
passion : He congratulated his friend ;
but he told them, that he expected the
due regard on one band, and the ubedienee
on the other, should be paid to
whatsoever Yvere the decisions of his
father,
No passion is fo easely flattered as
love. None hopes fo foon ; nor does
any bear a disappointment worse.
What was So easily obtained from the
b^ other, the father alofulurely refused :
And the Son, in whom a filial obedience
was a first principle, exacted fro n his
friend a promise, under that Sanction,
more Sacred to a Soldier than an oath,
his honour, never to follicit the object
ofhis wishes afterward. Lvsander would
at any time hare sacrificed Ists life to
such an engagement ; but here was
mrrre, his love ; and that proved tou
powerful.
The fury of a Ramish perfecutiui
had just at this tune driven the worthy
Mira, a pattern of firm SrieiicSshtp and
true piety. with her little family to
Holland : The friendly heart os our
Constantsa had renewed an early hat'
macy ; and misfortune had thrown in

I^Y J A N U A R Y ,
^ri additional claim of tenderness to her
affection. In all things but her love
Mira had been the confidant of her fair
friend : she had follicited to know the
cause of a melancholy that was now
grown almost to deSpair ; but she had
pressed in vain. At length what she
had So often requested ineffectually, the
miserable friendcommunicated. "You
have Seen Ly Sander—interrupt me not
vrith his praiSes—1 ain with child."
If her religious friend Started at this
faith what horror did she attend to the
resolves that followed. " I knoyv, continued
the despairing Constantsa, the
sary of my beotherwill not be contented
with a less sacrifice than my life,
that of the unregarded unborn infant
and its unhappy father. No less att'onement
will in his rigid eye wipe off
the infamy from his family. Great ills
must be suffered to obviate greater : l
have reSolved yvhat course to take.
'there is but oneway, and I conjure
your eternal and inviolable secrecy svhen
I have diSclosed it. I shall retire to
llarlem. I shall live there unknown.
iS possible unSeen and unattended : I
mutt encounter the hour of pain alone ;
attd if I survive, thefe hands must kill
she offspring of our tenderness.—If l
^turta, be secret ; if not, l do require
is osyou to tell Lvfander how it was
l ^rifhed.'*
The stream of tears that ran unwip'd
along the cheeks, the neck of the dented
ConStantia, were hardly more
t^an those of her astonished friend.
1 have bound myself to feerecy, relied
sh-, and on one condition l will
^-ep it, not a difficult one, and
a you deny me, Gnd, before yvhom
i made the oath, be witrlcss between
^ and me, it is no crime to break it.
^tnife me, that before you lay the
'•^ds ofdeath upon the poor innocent,
will dress it, kiss its little lipr, and
^egivc it sock." The promise was
^ue, and the unhappy fait one went
^11 the people were amazed ; thesu-
^•^andistieffedt the layer distract-
^OL. V
^3
ed. A s e w weeks called him away on
private affairs to Britain. It was many
months before the disconsolate Mira
heard from her friend : At length a
short letter, barren of circumstance, invited
her to Harlem. She knew the
hand of her ConStantia. but she trembled
at the Silence to all incidents. She went
in private : she stopped halfdead with agotay
at the little cottage : " Her pale
friend opened the hospitable door to her
vrith one hand, and in sire other held the
fmiling pledge of her unviolated promite
: " I have obeyed you ^lira, said
she, fmiling in all her weakness, 1 have
obeyed the terms yvhich you imposed ;
and nature has dene all the rest."
Far from dafcovery, there was not
suspicion. All was Secret that had happened.
Constantsa was received with
rapture by her family ; but that was
little : LySander was returned, possessed
in an ample Sortune. He married the
rescued object of his true passion ; he
brought her to his country, in which
she lived and died, ats honour to an honourable
family.
Sll^n Occasion of fhe present Dispute with
Prussia, the following Aneealete seorts
the History of ^Uceri Elizabeth mast
we think, he agy-eeaible to our' Readers,
TOURING the war carried on by
I ^ that wife and glorlou queen again .t
Spain, feveral of the Swndish and Dantzick
ships had been seized by our ships
of war. on account of s heir being loaded
with contraband goads for aipain,
and probably fome excesses had ihen
likewise been coinmittedi as there always
are upon such occasions.
Lpon this Sigijanr.-rd. king of Poland
and Sweden, fent Paulur de Jei/ine, his
ambassador, to queen Elizaiheth, to demand
satisfaction, which at his first audience
he began to do in Latin, she only
language then used upon such occasions ;
but he did it in fuels a high tone and
haughty naamsers that the queen cut
K ^siur

^4 M A G A 2 1 N E ofMAGA21NE^,
him short yy-ath the Sollow extempore
answer in Lotin.
Hcu qtsam decepta fair Expectavi
rvarneinm s tu vero querela m mihi adduxise
ti ; per literasle accept' este legatum, te
^rero heraldum in venio. Aanquam in vita
talem or-ationem andi'vi Minor,
savc minor, iantanr et tam insositam in
publico a.-dasiam ; neque qe to, fi rex tuus
aaestet, talia verba protu/tstet s Sin aliquid
tale tibi in mandatis commisit ( quod
quidem valde duhito ) tribuendum, quod
cum rex stt juveais. & non tam sure fangrants
quam electionis> afque etinm novnter
electus, non tam bene percipiat quid
inter reges c^nvenis, quam meq'Ores sui nob-scram
obsorvarunt & a/isfrrtaste der'nceps
ohservabunt. d^uod ad teattinet, viaeris
mu/tol lehros perlegssa, /ihrostamen
PrimipUm non attigssa, recn-ee intelligere
q ur'd inter reges eouvenit. Cum vero jus
norture, & gentium coon mem oras ; boc
seito este jus narur.e- & gentium, ut cum
helium infer reges intercedat, li'seat alters
a/terins undrquc allata presidia intercipere,
et ne in damnum firum con^'ertan!ur,
previ'dere s Hoe scito este s'us nature &
gentium ; uhi itisem dsmrm Aus/rie narrers
( qaam yam tarsti facis ^ non te /eiteat
ex ecidem dome non dofaissa qai rcgnUrrs
Polonie regi tuo intersipere voloissias.
De reliqnis, qu..e cum nausea sunt & finguleltim
de/iheran.la. non sunt h users loci
e*c temporis, accipicS quod a qurbu^tam
Constlearit5 hu.ie reidlsignatisdesiberandura
foerit. Interim valeas & quiuseas.
This answer runs in English thus : '
Hovv much am l deceived ! I expected
an envoy, but thou halt brought me
a challenge. By thy credential letters,
I took thee to be an ambassador, but I
find thou art a herald. In all my life
I never heard Such a Speech. I am Surprised,
l am really ana eared at So great
tand fo unusual impudence in publick ;
nor do l think that thy master, had he
been here 'himSelf, Yvould have made
llSe of any Such language. But, if
ttsere be any such thing in his instructions
to thee, as he is a young king,
not by hereditary right, bait by election,
and c,cn but lately elected, I must im-
pute it to his being unacquainted with
that language which -is proper among
Sovereigns, and which his ancestors
have always observed towards u , and
his SucceSfors from henceforth proba'ily
Yvill. As to what relates to thyself,
thou Seemest to have read many books,
but never to have looked into the book
of princes, nor to understand what is
decent atnong fovereigns. But since
thou talkest of the law of nature and
nations, knoyy, that when war breaketh
out between two kings, they are,
each of them, vvarranted by the law of
nature and nations, to intercept all Supplies
brought to the other, let them
c me Srom whence they will, and to
take care that no such supplies may be
rnaeie oseof against themselves. Know
this to be the Saw of nature and os natarns.
Where again thou talkest of
the he rose of Austria, which thou now
bualdelt fo inuch on, thou art not ignorant,
that there was not wanting oS
that house, one who designed to intercepr
from thy king the kingdem of
Poland^. As to the rest, being numerous,
and Such as must be particularly
considered, they are not proper sor this
time or place : The resolutions of the
commissioners appointed Sor this pUrpoSe
shall be communicated to thee.
In the mean time Sare thee well, and
be quiet.
Thus did that great princess anfwer
a powers til king, who only talked in a
manner which she thought inSolent i
and it is remarkable, that this Spirited
answer was made by her when she was
old ; when she was involved in a was
with Spain, then the most potent monarchy
in Europe ; when she had been
deserted by her ally, Henry ^
France, who had made aSepatite peace
wish Spain ; and when there was a dangerous
rebellion in Ireland, headed
the famous Ter Owen, and supped.
by Spain.
o The as. h.lerke M alinallan'as hristrral^
liter ro the Ftargeror Rhodoleh H. had drs^t
ed tho eltawa with ingtsearand.
Att^

^ J A N U A R Y ,
And Speed, who gives us this anecdote,
tells ut, that having ended her oration,
she, lion-like, rising, daunted
the malapert orator no less with her
Stately port and majestick departure,
than with the tartness of her princely
checks : And turning to the train of
her attendants, said, •' God's death,
my lords, l have been forced this day
to Scour up my old Latin that hath
long lain rusty."
Copy ofa letter from a Dissenter in Lon-
don, to his Friend in the Country.
Dear Sir,
^ldl^ cannot be more warmly desi-
^ rous oS a review of your liturgy,
than I am Sor the introducing the uSe of
stated forms of prayer into the public
worship oS protestant dissenters. But
how just and necessary Soever both may
appear to be to us, it is probable neither
of us shall live to enjoy our wishes,
Perhaps I am going to mortify you ; I
cannot help it. But in truth, there is
no preSentsheW of any thing on your
fide, in return for your Free and candid
disquisitions, &c. But comments, paraphrases,
and il/usirafions of tbo Common
Prayer ; of which good store are now
Printing. This is in effect to acknowledge
the fobstance of our objections,
viz. That there is a certain darkness
and perplexity in your liturgy, which
prevents its being So very complete and
reasonable a Service. And indeed the
editor oS one oS tbefe works advertises
it. as , very uSeSul to excite devotion,
and enable every one to pray with the
' understanding.* But, Sor goodness
lake, oS what availment are or can these
comments, parapboafes and illustrations be
to the bulk os the people, unleSs, by
public authority, they are read in vour
tharches? You will say the governors
the church are no way concerned in
the publication oS these things ; and that
are the w'ork os private persons
whose views arc to themselves. Be it
s^
So. I am nevertheless greatly apprehensive,
you will have no other satisfaction.
As for your questions about us, in
regard to a Specimen of a liturgy designed
for the use of a private i^ngregation, lately
published, I may not be able to refolve
thein all : 1 h a v e read it, partly
on your recommendation : but few of
our folks have seen, or know any thing
about it. The objections urged in tlie
letter against our manner of prayer, to
me, 1 must confess, appear unanswerable.
And as to the forms, 1 agree witll
you, they are well calculated for public
woafhip, even indeed beyond any
thing l have seen : containing nothing,
as the ingenious writer ettptessesh ir,
' that savoureth of any party, nothing
' that is peculiar to any fect, nothing,
' in a word, but what all persons,
' who meet together for the great pur-
' pofes of religious worship, and gndly
' edification, may honestly join in.*
Aslure yourself also, 1 do not like thein
the worse for so nearly refembling and
retaining the best parts of your liturgy.
But, as l abeve intimated, l deist find
the dissenters here (however well disposed
those may be inL—n—fh— re, where
it is said, this fpecimeri had its original^
either know or concern themselves
with tbo expediency of stated forms of
praycrfor pub/ic narorship. From whence
you may conclude of us, as l do of
you, we shall continue in the old track ^
which the wifdom of our Sore-Satheia
Severally laid out Sor us, whatever be
the consequences thereof to revelation
and rational Christianity.
You think it strange, you say, in
us, who have no caonccrn with ecclesiastical
canons, nor need permission of
the civil power to rectify our manner
of public prayer. But be pleased to
consider, that in the education of our
ministers they are taught to pray extempore,
cr rather memorises' • that fome seyv
of thein have no despicable talent this
way ; and that the generality of shena
at least think themselves properly qualified
to raise suitable devotion, and m:a-
K a na^e

T^f M A G A 2 I N E ofMAGA21NE^,
^nge and conduct the address of an
whole assembly of christians to God.
ConSider also, that Some of them are
political patty men, as well as Some of
your clergy ; and thefe will never be
Sor healing our unhappy breaches, whilst
they find their account in keeping them
open—like true politicians oS this world
^they reckon all changes attended with
bayard : that, should they read their
prayers, they might lose their interest,
and fink. in the minds of the people,
to mere clerks. Besides, that this manner
would too nearly refemble, and give
the people a liking to the established
worship. You must consider alto, that
the bulk of the dissenting laity esteem
hearing the sermon, the chief part os
their worship, if it can be fo called; and
are not much concerned about the excellency,
beauty, and propriety, oS
rhcir Solemn addresses, prayers, and
proses tco Gnd.—Hence, whether the
minister only prays over his sermon. ;
or pomps hard for matter and utters
unsuitable phrases : whether be makes
confession of sins which feyv of the afsemblv
mav be c-uiltv of ; or, in the
- a as a ...
name of all, expresseth abstruse points
wherein many may differ,—The congregation
is not ordinarily offended.
And hence, in the only act of worship
wherein we list up our voice yvith one
accord (except a few congregations
where they have books, and sing adrift)
you mav osien hear us sing Such lines
cal a Psalm, as you can make no sense
of, nor our selves neither, at least till
the clerk has given out the whole stanza.
Ncor is any thing more common
wish us, than to be called upon, to
sing fo the praise andglory of God, When,
what we sing is fome melancholy dirge,
about star, Satan, &c. And contains
faothing directly of either praise or glory
to God. I mention this only to
Shew, that whatever we pretend to, we
are not fo very exact and curious about
she purity and perfection of thefe our
acts of public vvorship as might be wished.
In the last place, be pleased to
consider, that thofe of our ministers
who have gond sense, learning, and moderation
enough not to dislike, it may
be prefer forms of prayer, cannot introduce
that practice here, without sacrificing
their peace and usefulness. You
may have heard ofthe cafe of Mr. Gihhr,
(that worthy person mentioned by Mr.
Birch, who deoypher'd for him Abp.
Tillnsou'S papers t) who was turned out
os his congregation at Hackney, and difcarded
the ministry; for that he, besides
honestly declaring against the peculiar
tenets of Athanastus and Ca/osn, proposed
• humbly to move for the introducing
of a liturgy, or liturgies, in order
the better to feeure the deccncy,
solemnity and profitableness of public
. worship.. Now, what must such persons
do ? Their fortunes perhaps are
not large ; they are stranger to trade
and if they could come into the trammels
of your churcit, it is thought ran
account of getting some little share of
its emoluments, they would be unwellcome
guests to the bulk of the clergy.
You will fay, there are a Sufficient
number of persons of moderation amon^
us now, to encourage and support a
minister in the change of a mnde of
worship. It may be so. But should not
such persons first freely declare themselves,
who can do it and lisque nothing t
Truely, 1 apprehend that both your and
our moderate men are a little defective
in zeal. They have seen So much os
it exercised about trifles and party work,
that now, possibly, they affect it n .t e-
Vcn in a good cause ibut leave truth to
its own native force, to prevail. However,
let us remember, such men as
Chilltngworfh, Hales, anal Tillofon, were
forced tobear with fome things which
they would gladly have had rcctifieis
And let us alio carefully avoid the etctream
of our samld Mi/son, who by observing
somewhat ofa wrongness in the
faith and worship of every sect, took
offence, separated from all commutator
and tho* otherwise a good christian did
not frequent any christian assembly o
Feb. 8, 1753. ^
n.ier also 'pud^e Parker s wde.

fitrf ^ A N U A
^cme accmtnf of Mr. FlELDINo's propo ,
sal, for making an effectual provision
for the poor, &c.
?'^H1S excellent piece consists of an
I intrnduction, wherein the necessity
and reasonableness of some more effectual
provisions for the poor are proved
; of 59 articles for the erection- regulation,
and government of a county
W orkhoose, and wish it an houSe of
correction; and, os arguments to explain
and support the proposals.
Aster Several reasonings, the amount
oS which he obferves the multiplicity
and fluctuation of our laws, and should
not propose surtber experiments if the
disease was not become intolerable, and
had not, at the Same time, very Sanguine
hopes that tbe remedy he proposes
will prove in the highest degree effectual.
He gives the following assecing
picture of the condition of the
poor.
' If we vvere to make a progress thro'
the outskirts of the toyvn, and look into
the habitations of the poor, we
should there behold such pictures os
ha man misery as must move the compassion
of every heart that deserves the
name of human ; whole families in
want of every necessary of life, oppress
led with hunger, cold, nakedness, and
fihh, and with diseases, the certain
consequence of all these.
' He proposes that a building, confining
os" three courts, should be erected
in the county of Midelescx, tvvo of
t em capable os containing 3o00 men,
and 2ooo women, apart irom each tosher,
to he called the coi.nly house ; and
tire innermost of the three courts,
to be called courtly bouse of .' correction,
to contain 6co persons and upwards
; and points out a common near
Acton wells, which belongs to the poor
'if lu/ham, as a proper situation for it,
and as a • very eafv purchase. The
rsnnty house is to consist, 1st, of lodgings
for tbe officers. 2. Of lodging
looms for tbe labourers. 3. Of work-
^g rooms for the fame. 4. Of an innrmary,
^ rdsea chapel. 6. Of seleral
large st^re ^oms, with cellarage.
The county bouse of correction, 1st, Of
lodgings lor the officers. z. Of ditto
for the prisoners, Of working
rooms for the fame. 4. Of an infirmary.
5. Of a fasting rcom. (o. OS
several cells or donjons. 7. Of a
large room, with iron gates, which shell
be contiguous to, and look into, tbe
chapel. There is likewise proposed
to be an house for the governor, and also
for his deputy, and others for the
chaplains, treafuret, and receiver general
of tbefaid house ; and on each side
of the county house, nine houses, to be
leased to proper persons, to provide the
labourers and prisoners with the necess
faring of life. This is the subject of the
7 first articles ; the 8th and cytb relate ^
to the furniture for the labourers and
prisoners, and from thence, to the t4th.
to the methods os carrying the so heme
into execution. He says, in his arguments
for the fopport os the i tth articls.
that the fum, for the purpose of
putting this seheme in execution, must
undoubtedly be large, and yet, when
the great utility proposed, os effectually
providing for the poor, and of relieving
the publick bona beggars and
thieves is considered, it must not only
appear moderate, but trifling. He
hints, that two bo..curable and learned
persons have taken the case of the impotent
poor into their consideration,
and is either of their schemes, with that
proposed in this plan, should pass into a
law, the poor's rate would then entirely
cease of course ; anal the stat. of
E/ia. with all the lavas Sor providing
for the poor, as to this county, mi^ht
be utterly repealed He therefore alsetts,
that whoever considers his plan,
in this respect, and compares the expence
proposed in it, with tbat which is
at preSent annually incurrld, must view
the Sum of tco.coo/. (beyond which
the whole expence will nut rife) as a
trifling sum, well laid out, in a cheap
and valuable purchase. He has fo fat,
foppofed that it Yvas to be immediately
raised, by an additional poor's rate;
but as the benefit os his plan is to extend

^ ^ M A G A 2 f N 2 of M A G A 2 1 N E
tend to posterity, they Should also con- mid the burial of the dead. The34lb
tribute to the expence ; if the money and 35th articles settle an advance of
therefore was granted, by a vote of ere- 2 s. to be paid to every person admitdit
at3 i half percent, and only a 2oth ed or committed to the county bouse for
or 3oth part of the principal paid -off every week, until the first Sale of tbe
yearly, with the interest, tbe annual manufactures wrought by such person,
charge would be fo Small, as scarce to after which the receiver is to advance
be felt. From the 14th to the 27th ar- no more, without order from the gotie
le, are a description of such persons verneor or bis deputy : all thefe advance.
as shall be committed to the county bouse, ments to be afterwards deducted, at
or hrouse ofcortection ; the manner of the rate of 4di in the shilling, out of
their conveyance, and of their admit- the monies due to the labuurer, from
sion, and of that of voluntiers. Thole the sale of bis manufacture, till ihe
to be committed are, 1. Such as ate whole is repaid All persons in the
within the defcription of the vagrant houfe of correction shall have 1 s. adact.
2. Those liable to be sent to the vanced them, per week, as long as they
houfe of correction. 3. Persons ap. continue there. The 36th article or.
pointed to be committed to the county darns, that ad. in every shilling be degoal
in execution, 4 Persons gualty ducted from the net profits arising froin
of petit-larceny, where no aggravating the labour of those committed to the
circumstances appear. 5. Vanderers county house, and id in every shilling
without a pass, whom it shall be lawful from voluntiers. Ihe three following
for any persons ro Seize ; as also all la- articles relate to the method of keeping
buurers and Servants, of low degree, and slating the accounts of the receiver
who shall be found at any alehouse, af- and storekeeper. The40th article proter
ten in the evening, unless they shall vines, that teachers os manufactures
satisfy tbem of their belonging to the shall be hired to instruct the labourers;
county, and that they are going on and the 4ift, the terms and manner of
fame lawful errand or business. No letting out labourers to hire. From
poor persons to travel above 6 miles thence to the 47th is a detail of Such
from home without a pats, from a ma- crimes as shall be cognizable before a
gstrate, or the minister or churchwar- higher court of justice, and the punishdens
of his parish. Honest and indos. ment for the offending labourers. Setrions
persons that want yvork, volun. veral ensuing articles ordain tile punish.
tarily coming with a recommendation ment for lesser crimes, fucli as intlodufrom
the minister or churchwarden of cing Spirituous liquors, destroying work
any parish, shall he received, and work and toots, or escaping from either of
found them: But iffoch voluntierde- the houses. The 55th directs howthe
parts from the said house above one officers shall be choSen, and the oath
mile, or shall abfent himself above one to be taken by each justice, atHickr'sb
rut, without leave, he shall, on the Hal/, before he ballots.
oath of orae avitneSs. be sent tothecoun- fits strictures upon the 28th article
ty bouse of correction, 'till the next feist- are just and beautiful, and he has, with
on'sor&c- Voluntiers to be difeharg- great propriety of argument, proved,
e 1 at their request. if not indebted in that no civil institution of government
the hruse, arid capable of maintaining can be Supported without inculcating
themselves at home. the truths of religion. After stating
Hie fine next articles contain the the matter, he thinks it better that tl^
rules and orders os the house, as to poor should lay out the produce of their
the times of prayer, work, rest, and labour themselves, and buy their own
recreation, and the two succeeding re- provisions, than that it should be puta
at-
Mr.

^Y J A N U A R Y,
Mr. Fielding concludes the whole in semper, manners, and ability, and proa
manner that cannot sail of giving e- tests that nothing but tbe publick good
very one a high idea of his present was the motive of this proposal.
MoDasAro,
DESPONDING ^ H ^ P H E R I ^ .
sTo melanehcoly thoughts prey With love
The flabbeorn rocks, then thee lrss heid,
,WiS| Itirrd ecmpaflinn shew ,
ear they my loud aesmplaiutl regard,
lind etho Ssaa-io mv woe
While y^u averf'e ro'all my care,
Uraprtying hear me geieve.
And asd ne^ part's tea my deSpaic,
^haandi a Sni^se reside.
thine, Nly balmy bsetlings
O think how Scow that laeaY'raly btoexa,
By which son tyrannize,
Sir oil fade, and tbarethe s-mepon doom,
And death shail veil thole eves
Then loeak to von celestial rphere.
tVhore Souls with raptures g'ow,
And dread to need that pity there,
^thi.li ycea alor y'dbesiasv.

^ M A G A 2 1 N E o f M A G A . 2 1 N E ^
^ s^tta' C O U N T R Y I ^ A N ^ E
M O R T O N ^ M A G G O T .
First couple cast ossi two couple -t- cross over and figure into their own places
-aa ; first couple cross over and half figure ; all four hands round and
tight and left.
A modern Tale, heing Truth in Disguise.
l.
"^Hilander with Acasto lival,
jp Contracted for a time,
To serve hiin just t—Philander then
Was in his youthful primes
Corinna cast a wanton eye ;
Philander, Soon aware,
Condemtaal the thought, and resolute
Broke through the fatal share.
He would not, for the Indies store,
Acasto so beguile;
Nor taste of what he should not touch,
His conscience to defile.
4-
Corinna tryld her skill in vain ;
Philander would nor bend ;
He seasal the Lord, and rather chose
Her frowns, than him offend.
Wife the resolve ; — - and not ur.like
The Patriarchs of old :
The mystery, vvilhin concealal,
Is easy to unsold
6.
Corinna, fraught with envy, strove
.To tstast Poilander*s fame ;
The more she strove, the more it still
Redounded to her shame.
r •
His cause was good ;—her*s the reverse ;
Virtue's its own reward :
Where virtue Sways, though envy rage,
Let not the wise regard.
8.
CI ! mils Philander watchful be ;
There s various hursSul Snares,
In which mankind, two heedlefs oft,
Are caught at unawtares. A
Verses sent to a Lady, with a Pocket Book.
^ O u r word's obey*d ; Sor e'en your
^ look r
Who can withstand ^receive the book
Pale as the morn ere tingal with red,
And empty as a Semale head ;
To Sounding Same vvithout pretence,
Spotless as virgin innocence,
Must it be fill'd with dying strains,
The figlra oS nymphs, the vows os
r Swains?
Wish Scandal, dress, or china ware,
Sole objects of a lady's care ? [stood,
Or with beau phrafe. by Schools with-
Ska vastly little—de^iast good ?
With polishal rubs that current floys.
Tho' ansient fisty years ago ^
A list of lovers, or of rhymes,
Or pug's diseafe, or Betty's crimes ^
Must it contain tea-table heads,
Or crippl'd verse, or silken shreds ^
Who can its real worth declare,
When filial with Such important gear ^
Who can enough lament its fize,
That knows its dear contents to price •
Too few its pages to display
The tattle of a single day-
Bus, if true merit you should minute,
And put down witty savings in it,
There's f^oom enough, I s p e a k my mind,
For all that in a year you'll find-
Yet keep it closed if thus you write,
Or others may be looters by't ;
Who views your face, receives a dart,
Who reads your book, must Jose sus
heart.
Birmingham.

ftrY J A N U • ^ R Y, ^
A V 1 s t o N.
P ^ H E overspreading reign of night
^ Scatter'd thin remains of light ;
And sleep, involvd with dews around,
Threw her broad mantleO'er the ground.
Reafon had now resign 'dher pow'r ;
And fancy Srom her airy tow'r
Came on the moon's ascending ray,
And dress ld a dream divinely gay.
I stood between the earth and sky,
Nature unyeil'd before my eye :
The stars, array ld in burnish'd gold,
On ever-burning axes roll'd ;
The wide terrestrial ball display 'd
Its wastes of sands, it5 depths of shade.
And loud unnumberld leas, that hurl'd
Their liquid arms around the world.
Thus as I gaz'd.with ayye proSound,
The vast immeasurable round,
Where loveand pow'et, and skill divine,
In ever-mingling glories shine ;
The young Sophrouio roSe to sight,
And fix'd my wonder and delight ;
Sophronio crown'd with ev'ry grace,
The peerleSs blcossom oS his race.
So when the Spring unbinds the year,
And meads their floyv'ry honours yvear,
The roSe expands in rich perfume,
And blushes in Unrivall'd bloom-
While I this charming youth rever'd,
Religion, Spotless maid, appearld ;
And Snoyvy vest her limbs array 'd,
Her Sace celestial bloom diSplay'd,
And sinil'd in majesty Serene,
As angels once with men were Seen.
A telescope her right-hand held,
1 hat heav*n*s empyrean day reveal'd ;
^ler lest a starry circle crown'd,
Eternity jnScrib'd the round.
T hen thus the nymph, ' Behold the
' skies :
^ dwells there a youth that can despise
That pleasure wealth, or fame, be-
' stows,
, ^d Sor immortal blessings glows i^
, Then let me hear my faithful voice,
^ And make immortal bliss his choice :
i hreak the iron yoke of sin,
. ^d quench its burning rage within :
, ^ hen thick-Succeeding Sorrows roll,
- -lay mine to calm the tossing foui :
' Sweet peace and joy from me are
< given,
< And 1 diffuse the dawn oS heav'n.
• The mare of life harmonious lies
' Before my all- exploring eyes ;
• And l the golden clue Supply,
' T'unwind the tracks to realms on
• high.
< When death arrests the mortal part.
• My cordials daear the sinking heart ;
< l gild the folitary gloom,
< And strow the vale with fweet pes-
< fume ;
< Then guard the Spirit's tow'ring flight
< Unbar the silver gates coS light,
< And throne it in its bleSs'd abode,
< Crown'd with th' applauses os its God.
' There, from th' eternal fcoure Sap-
^ plyld.
< Eternal rills of pleasure glide ;
< And liSe's fair tree its fruit bestows,
< And in unfading vigour grows.
< Then be my charge, nay lovely youth l
< l fwear by everlasting truth,
• If thou thy yvillingfoul resign,
< Life, death, and heav'n, and all are
< thine.'
She ended t He in raptures cries,
Al the tears Sparkled from his eyes,
' Victorious maid, Wilt thou receive
' My foul To thee my Soul l give.
' Wilt thou thro' life conduct my way,
< In death vouchsafe my vital ray ;
< Then waft me to the heav'nly shore—a
< Goddess, 'sis all, I ask no more.'
He spoke, and all the azure round
Sudden was fill'd with tuneful sound ;
For heav'n in acclamations rung,
And loud th' eternal triumph sung;
The ninth Ode of the first Book of
Horace paraphrased. By Mr. H—if.
! the silver show descends !
ry See 1 the lofty cedar hends l
The cedar, which long time had stood
The haughty sMonarcli of the wond,
Had felt, unmov'd, the yvint'ry blast,
To crystal weight submits at last.
See 1 the rivets, which e'en now
Their stcepy bank^ did overflow.

^ ^ M A G A 2 t H 1 . of M A G A 2 1 N 2
a '
And vvaste the fertile fields around,
In icy setters fast are bound.
Let water-drinkers make a noife ;
Cold can never freeze our joys.
Cold! begone, here's none but fouls ;
Stirupthe fires—fill up the bowls :
The flaming fires, and sparkling wine,
Shall 'gainst this bitter foe combine.
Thus artn'd, we Sure may dare to say
E'vry month is warm as May :
I.et's leave unto the gods tbe rest,
Who'll manage all things sior the best :
The gods—who rule whate'er we See,
And whate'er fancy feigns to be :
Utopian kingdoms in lhesim,
Utopian kingdoms in the moon.
What hast thou so do Yvith Sorrow ^
Live to-day—nor heed the morrow ;
F're to-morroY's thou and I
May in our dreary coffins lie-
While the bloom of youth does last,
Ev'ry harmless pleasure taste ;
Dance tbe Smiling Sair amerng,
And list to Beard's well-humout'd Song ;
I et not your heart indiffrentrest,
But of all pleaSures chuSe tbe best :
To love your choicest moments give ;
For not to love—is not to live.
When Flora decks the fragrant mead
With vi'letsblue and roses red.
With your mistress, band in hand,
Wandey o'er the painted land :
There indulge in harmless chat ;
Freely talk os this and that ;
And Sometimes steal a fragrant kiss ;
The theft will heighten much the bliss :
Should the maid, dissembling ire,
Swiftly o'er the plain retire,
Swiftly follow o'er tbe plain ;
.Make all up, and kiss again.
Telemachus, aster asurious Engagement
with the DaunianS, viewing the Field
of Battle, makes thefollowing Restections.
Translated form ihe French.
^T^HOSE are, alas! the evils which
^ ensue
From cruel vuars, sand areBellona's due !
t
What fatal blindness does mankind
controul,
To shun that peace which should pres
e r v e the whole ?
Few are those days the gods prescribe
to lise !
And they, though SeYv, abound with
rage and strife !
Why should we hasten what will quickly
come,
And thus precipitate our certain doom ^
Why should we add to that all-num'rous
store
OSevils, which the goels had giv'nbesore
?
Mankind, tho' brethren, one another
tear ;
The wild and favage beasts less cruel
are :
lions on lions neaer make their prey ;
Nor will a tyger fierce a tyger slay.
Tho* man alor.e wish reason's light is
bless'd,
He a^ls more void of reafon than the
beast.
But why fuch cruel wars 1 has not kind
heav*n
A large extensive world unto us giv'n ^
How many desert lands and barren fields,
And isles inhospitable this globe yields ^
More than man's num'rous race cats
ever fill,
More than they either will manure-or
till.
A fplendid title, and a glorious name,
Retiown'd for valour, and cryld up for
fame,
Are the true caufe vehy w^ars on wars
succeed,
Why towns are fack'd, and why whole
nations bleed !
Thus will one man, whom th' angry
gods have sent,
Give all to slaughter, when on war he's
bent :
His greatest glory, and his greatest pnde,
In all the bloody feenes of war refide.
O 1 monstrous glory, and ill-gotteti
fame!
Void os all pleasure, but a losing
name !

^ J A N U A R Y , l ^ ^ . ^
H I S T O R Y o f GIIr GWII I M E S,
P E R S I A .
H E R E is not a city or
^ c^-s ^ town, in this vast empire,
^ but is two thirds Sallen to
^ ^ ^ ul rnin ; and as to the villages,
which heretofore
were very populous, Sew of thena are
inhabited. The arable lands remain
uncultivated. The cattle are almost all
destroyed, and the silk manufactures
are sinking to nothing : and fcarcely
two thirds os the people are lest that
were in Persia at the beginning of the
present century. Thus the ambition
of our great men, and the abject slavish
disposition of the people, have ruined
one of the finest countries in the world.
Schah Douh is retired, since his last
defeat, into the territories os the Great
Mogul ; and here is no longer any civil
government.
R U S S I A .
The empress, after the example of
Peter the Great, has resolved to grant
establishments to such French refugees
as shall be capable of erecting manufactures
here. Her majesty, who set
out from PeterShurgh on Dec. 27th, was
to arrrive at Moscow the 3oth, travelling
light and day without stopping. Her
trainean, drawn by 1 2 horses, has a
little apartment in it, wherein she may
have 2 or 3 persons to accompany her.
D E N M A R K .
The inhabitants of Iceland are establishing
a manufactory oS woolen cloth,
and also cultivation their land, and
(cowing corn and hemp.—An eminent
shipwright os Copenhagen has lately proposed
to his Danish majesty, a plan for
the ponr to maintain themselves, at least
in a certain degree. According to his
fcheme, he is to have boys, from 9
to 14 years of age ; i2o above the age
of i 4, who are to remain under his care
till they are turned the age of E3 ; and
6o old men, pyom 56 to 8o, with the
like ssnmber os girls and old women ;
none os the former to be above l 2, and
none of the latter ur^der 5o. After 5
years he propofes that this colony shall
maintain itSelS, by making oS nets, rigging,
and boats, for the whale fishery,
replacing the boys and the old men,
the girls and the old women, from the
hospitals, and taking upon lrimfelS the
care of the sick and superannuated amongst
his own people.
S W E D E N .
Our sea and land forces are to be kept
up this yeartothe number approved of
by the last dyet, notwithstanding the
Restrans lately withdrew layers regiments
from lngrin, Livonia, and Fin/and s and
this refolution, it is Said, is not so much
owing to any apprehension of Russia's
being inclined to quarrel with us, as to
a kind of necessity of being in readiness
to perform engagements, since various
incidents may concur towards raising
new disturbances in Germany and eliewhere.
G E R M A N Y .
Hamhrcrg.h, Jan 2. Such dispositions
are making in the tving of Prussia's forces,
as if they yvere going to take the
field : It is pretended, that his majesty
has given orders for assembling in the
neighbourhond of Berlin, an army of
5o,ooo of his best troops, and another
of about 3o,ooo men in the neighbourhood
of Roningsherg. Whether these reports
are well or ill-grounded, we perceive
they give .Some uneasiness to all
persons who have the general tranquillity
of Europr at heart.
Vienna, Dec. 3o. Advices from Con.
stantinople say, that the famous Besha ol
Rhodes, who was some time ago sent in.
to exile, has lately bern Strangled by
order of the grand fignor, it having
been discovered that he was intriguing
to foment neyv disturbances at Constantinople.
Ber/in, Jan. 2. All our regiments
are ordered to be compleat before the
1st of April, and the officers ate cltarg-
L a ed

^4
Tfc^ M A c A 2 1 N 2 ofMAGA21NES,
cd to provide themfelves with all necessaries
for a campaign.
lianover, Jan. 2. Orders are come
from England to complete all the regimenss
in this electorate, to keep the
forts and towns art a posture of defence,
sill the magazines and arsenals, and
make other proper dispositions for the
safety of the country.
Rafishon, Jan. l 9. The king of Proffia
has wrote to our magistrates, that
he was greatly displeased to hear that
they had not only seized at Weiss the
printer's, all the copies os a pamphlet,
entitled, The sentiments of a good patriot,
which the comitial minister of Brandenburgh
had employed him to print, but
even threat rrcd to punish Weist, the' his
minister had laid claim to the copies,
and informed the magistrates in writing,
that he had given him leave to
print it ; by which the magistrates
tranfgressed the refolution of the empire
of September 23, 1309, and grosly affronted
his majesty, who intimates,
that he can readily find a yvay to avenge
this infolt, if they do not immethately
give him signal and public satisfaction.
To make fome kind of reparation,
A'ewhaucer the bookfeller was
taken into custody last week, for publishing
a pamphlet, entitled, Reactions
en fbo ussair of East Frieslanda but the
Hanoverian minister having told the magistrates,
that he ordered the publica.
tion, Ale:rbaucer was fet at liberty.
IT A L Y.
Genoa, Dee. l 9. The Marq. de Curfry,
commander of the French troops in
Coosica, being arrested, by order of his
master, is conducted to the castle of Anfibos
; and M. de Coureey, colonel of
the regiment of Tournaists, is appointed
commander in his room ; this is the
more pleasing to our government, as
there is a good understanding between
their new commander and the Matq.
de Gtimuldi, our commissary general in
that island. ^
Caestty is said to he the victim of the
maleoontents in Corsica, who settled
with hint a regulation to be sent to the
t
court of France, where after it had
been approved, they rejected it with
contempt.
S P A I N .
To the great amazement of the inerchants,
licences are given for 8 ships
to sail for Vera Cruz by June 20, so
that all hopes of a flota and galleons
being revived, are entirely lost.
Orders have been given for furnishing
with cannon the new batteries which
have been raised for the defence of the
port of Carthagena, at present one of
the best harbours in Europe.* as a numerous
fleet mav ride in it with Safety.
F R A N C E .
State of our Troops for the Year 1753.
Infantry of the king's houshold 65 i o
Cavalry • 3^96
Ordinary infantry • a 9o,36o
io Regiments of Swiss 14,400
1 2 German regiments 7,6^4
2 lta/ian regiments —-— i,o65
8 /rish regiments •• 330o
S Cerrps of light troops
The body of artillery — 4, loo
The French horse — 14,520
3 German regiments of horse 720
l Of Irish horse - ^ 40
The dragoons • •
Hussars — — . 8oo
Militia • 55,ono
Total — • 2i 1,755
The people eis Bretany will not pay
the twentieth penny but upon certain
conditions : no body knows what will
be the result of their obstinacy. Beasor.s
of state will not permit the, ministry
to dey late from the maxim thry
have closely adhered to, Stat pro ratieue
voluntas. But the Bretons, the noblesse
particularly, are very jealous of their
privileges; feveral ol their members
talk very boldly in their assembly, and
at the same time that they absolutely itfused
their confent to this arbitrary tax,
declared that they woarld appeal to parliament
who have fo boldly entered she
lists with the clergy, that the court
seems to dread the confequcnces, and
begin so shew their potyer.—-On she

^ ' J A N U A R Y ,
ae4sh ult. at night, 3 exempts of the
guards artived at the nunnery at St-
Agafha, and carried away the sister oS
St. Perpeiua to the monastery oS Port
Royal ; which occasioned the report of
her death : And on the 2d an arret of
the council os state was issued, enjoining
the nunnery of St. .eigalha, to he
dissolved, and the sisters to quit the
hOuSe in a fortnight ; to Serve as an example
to other nuns who might run
into enthusiasm, and not receive the
bull unigenitus.
The princes oS the blood bad a meeting
a Sew days ago, on occasion os the
affairs depending before the pai liament:
the dukes and peers have aiso assembled;
arid they are resiolved to act in concert
with the Sormet, in order to maintain
their prerogatives, with reSpect to the
convocation oS the peers desired by the
parliament, and forbid by the king.
At the last generalmeetingof theproprietors
of Cast India actions, it was resolved,
that the dividend should'be the
fame as last year.— The India company
having received a confirmation of
our defeat in tbat country, with the lofs
of 2oo slain, the same number wounded
and 5oo made prisoner our actions and
lattery tickets have bore no price this
week—The advices from our American
colonies are very far Srom being agreeable
: about tbe middle of September last
they had foch violent stormS| that upwards
of sixty of our vessels, most of
them richly laden, have been lost.
/dunkirk, Dec. a 8. On the 3d died at
his'nes in Flanders, Caps. Win. He. Cran-
Sloun, who flood indicted last summer affixes
at G.userd for being concerned with
she late Miss B/andy in poisoning her father.
While in France and Flanders he
^ent by several names, sometimes Rofi,
Grmpbel/ &c. but at Fumes by the name
^ Londar, where he had dwelled 3
months with a Scofeh family, who knew
httn and his family, in Seof/and. 'T is
laid he cleared Mils Blondy.
H O L L A N D .
1 he marquis de Boriac, the new ambassador
fr^n Prance, is making his
court, in an extraordinary manner, to
the Samily oS the stadtholder, without
staying Sor a ceremonial So much insisted
on by the Spanish ambassador.
Her royal highness the governante has
at length reSolved to take. her Seat in the
colleges of the union ; where it will be
whimsical enougb to fee a coif at tbe
head of all the grave counsellors in their
black gowns, great bands, long full perukes,
and large hats. lfher royal
highness had done this foon after the
funeral of her consort, she would have
prevented opposition to the establishing
of a free port, to the tutellage, &c. if
she had copied after K. Wsel/iam's (^
Mary she would still have had more influence.
There is a certain royal behaviour
which don't forward things in
a republican council. (^ Mary was
more a republican than queen. Her
royal highness has however endeavoured
to make her court, by introducing
a laving plan in the reduction of the
guards.-—May it be a Safe one !
From the Utrecht Gazette.
" The differences between the court
of London and that of France, about the
limits of the two nations in America and
the neutral islands, cannot yet be
brought to a happy conclusion. The
French court still insists upon previously
terminating the article of prizes made
on her fubjects besore the declaration of
war against Englind in Apri/ i 744 ; and
this has been the subject of the s e v e r a l
memorials which theFrenehcommiffantS
have delivered to those oi Greaf Britain
at Paris, who tranfmitted the same to
Louden, in order tobe examined in council.
The chief difficulty in this point
is, to fix the epoch in which those prizes
were made : The London court pretend,
that no prizes must be taken into the account,
but Such as the Eng/ish made aSter
the expiration of the term for a cess
a t i o n of hostilities agreed upon in tbe
preliminaries of the treaty of peace :
And France, on the ceaantrary, pretends
to fix the epoch in question, at the year
1258, when the war broke out between
^nglond and Spain, and so form thence
being

ing it down to the year 1 744, when
France and England declared war against
eachother; in which period oftitne they
maintain, that the Eng/ish took many
flops from the French under illegal pretexts.
So thl^ the question is reducible
to this point, whether France has a right
or not, to pretend that herSubjects should
be indemnified Sor thedamagedonethem
by the Enastth in thoSe six years ? They
don't absolutely deny at London, that
fome English privateers did stop and
seize, in that fpace oS time, French fliips
or cargoes belonging to that nation ;
hut this was warrantable in time of war,
from divers circumstances, Such as the
casa oS contraband, assistance given
to an enemy, &c. and hence arises a
question, on which the diSpute properly
turns, independently oS the epoch fixed
by the preliminaries for a cessation
of .hostilities.
Extract of a Leflerseom Forf Sf. George
inthe East Indies, ditedJuly 5, 1752.
The president and council os Fort
St. George having received information,
fome time ago, that the Chrndah Soiib
and his allies, were endeavoring to
bartafs us in our own districts, Sent Sor
a reinforcement from Bengal, and alio
sent Capt. C/ive to Madras. who having
collected our forces, and taken the field
found the enemy strongly encamped at
Vendeleor, a place about 15 miles distant
from hence. The enemy decamped
in the night, and took the route of
Arcot, and were pursued by the Nabob's
Sorces ; they gain'd Covereepaute,
about 6o miles off, which place was
appointed for their rendezvous, their
intention having been to surprize Arcot.
Here an engagement enSued, in which
most of their European forces were killed
and taken prisoners, and their cannon
and baggage were also taken.
Upon this advice, Capt. Chive was immediately
ordered to inarch ; be took
St. Datld in bis way, and whilst be
was there the Ship Dorrington arrived
with major Lawrence, who, at bis own
request, had the command oS the forces
given to him, and he Set out on the
M A G A 2 S N 2 t o f M A G A 2 1 N 2 ^ ,
17th oS March from Fort Sf. David, at
the head of 4oo Europeans and 1ooo
SeepnyS, and took under convoy a large
quantity os stores and ammunition for
Trichinopoly, and proceeded, without
molestation, till he came with his forces
near Goiladdy on the 28th, when the
enemy strove to take advantage of his
Situation, a strong detachment of Erench
fromChundahSaih's army, having thrown
up an intrenchment in the way he yvas
to march, cannonaded him from it, and
endeavoured to interrupt lain passagr,
which induced major Lawrence, on the
Nabob's part, to return it, and occasioned
the loss of fome men on both sides ;
but, the enemy not advanceing, he
went on the next day for Trichimpdy,
about 16 miles distant, and as the road
was in fight of the enemy's camp, they
came out with their whole force to oppcase
him. Major Lawrence, in order
to secure the baggage, marched to meet
them , this brought on a cannonading
from them, which did him bet lithe
damage; but his o^ins galled theenerry
very much, and forced them to retreat
into a hollow way ; upon this major
Lawrence drew oss lais men, and joined
the army that night, In this action
the enemy lost above 3oo horses, he*
sides A.-lam Cawn, a man of great interest
in the country. Chundeh was
foon obliged to raise the slaye of Trichi
nopoly, and collect his sorces sn ayrtng,
hetm, a neighbouring island ; and the
English forces having possess'dthesnfelvrs
of all the strong posts quite round it,
they fo effectually presented provisions,
from coming to the enemy, that Churrdah'S
great army, of above
men, was dispersed in less than m'o
months ; and himself, with the Frerrda
and a sew black horse Seeprys, who held
out, were in a miserable conditio S^t
want of sustenance —Upon this the
Nabob summoned them to surrender
prisoners ; and after they had ^
Chundah in the night to Monacset, the!
delivered up the island of Syringe
on the 3d of June, on condition ab^t
the French officers should have leave to

^ A N U A R Y,
go to Pondicherry on their parole, never
tco Serve against the Nabob or his allies ;
and the Soldiers to be sent to Europe by
the first opportunity, but in the mean
time to be kept prisoners. As the allies
could not agree who should keep Chundah
who was taken at Monatyee by the
Tanjore ally, to end the dispute his head
was struck off—The whole business
was done in a few sieges and fome
skirmishes, in several of which not a
tat an of our forces was lost, fo that in
reducing the blacks to the Nabob's
obedience, and making thirty officers,
and near 1ooo European Soldiers prisoners
we had not 5o men killed. M. Duipleix
at tbe desire of Salahad Jung, has
Solicited for a peace, which the Nabob
is willing to confent to, provided it is
made to our Satisfaction, as he owns
hirosels much obliged to us.
London Gaz. Jan. 6.
Lelract ofa Loiter from Mayor Lawrence,
as Trichinopoli in the East Indies,
defedJune 12, 1752.
1 la have killed and taken prisoners
' If an army, much mote numerous
* than our own, with all their artillery,
^ which amounts to about 4o pieces oS
cannon and io mortars. We found a-
' naongthe prisoners about 3o French
^ oHicers,about 6 killed, and about 800
' private men : They were acting as
^ allies to the rebels, that bave almost
destroyed this country ; and we gave
our assistance to the lawful prince,
' who is So Sensible of bis obligation to
^ she English, tbat I, bave great bopes
our company will be able to carty on
their trade here to more advantage
^ than any other European nation. lam
, l^tng to begin my march thro' the
^ Arcot country to Settle the tranquility
os it, and am above 1oo miles
lmm the Sea side.'
. . . E N G L A N D .
^MoutH, December, 27, 1753.
a ihe 14th oS this month about 7
tn the morning, yve were alarmed
.ingi the news oS a very large sish be-
' Ja Seen about half a mile from the town
on the sands, called the Nartows. The
town's people immediately sent iz
boats with spits, hatches, anchors and
cables, to secure the said fish, which
they did not accomplish before night,
2oo men being employees all the day.
The si.sh proves to be a sporma-ceti
whale, measuring from the head to tail
5 2 feet 7 inches, feet round, upper
jaw 15 feet, lower jaw 12, containing
52 teeth, each 8 inches long, but none
in tbe upper, only sockets to receive
tbose in the lower : The finny part of
the tail, 13 feet wide. It was of tbe
male kind, its yard 7 feet long and st
round. It is all cut to pieces, and
produces vast quantities of oil. J. M.
d^uainfon in Buckinghar-shire, Dec. 24.
A Bove 2ooo people eame bere this
all^ nigbt, with lanthorns and candles.
to view a black-tborn which grows in
this neigbbourbood, and Wbicb was remembered
(this year only) to be a flip
from the famous Glastonbury thorn, tbat
it always budded on the 24tb, was full
blown the next day, and went off at
nigbt : but tbe people finding no appearance
of a bud, twas agreed by all.
tbat Decemb. 25 N. S. could not be
the right Cbtistmas Day, and accordingly
refused going to church, and treating
their friends on that day as usual :
at length the affair became fo Serious,
that the ministers of the neighbouring
villages, in order to appease the people
thought it prndent to give notice, that
the old Christmas-Day should be kept
holy as before.
Glastonbury. A vast concourse of
people attended the noted thorn on
Christmas-Eve, New-Stile ; but to their
great disappointment, there was no appearance
of its blowing, which made
them watch it narrowly the 5th of Jan.
the Christmas-Day, Old-Stile, when it
blowed as usual. fond. Even.
' The Glestonbory Thorn (says Mr.
' Millar in his dictionary) is preferved
' in many gardens as a curiosity; this
< osten produces Sutne bunches of sleW-
' ers
at

88
^ M A G A Z I N E of M A G A ^ 1 N 2 ^
^ ers in winter, and afterwards flowers
again at the season with the common
< fort, but doth in no other respoct dif-
< fer from the common Hawthorn : the
< sabulous sts.ry of iss budding on
' Christmas-Day in the morning, flower-
< ing at noon, and decaying at night is
^ now with good reafon disbelieved ;
< for although it may sometimes bap-
< pen that there may be Some bunches
< of flowers open on the day, yet. for tire
^ most part it is later in the year before
^ they appear ; but this in a great mea-
< sure depends on the mildness of the
' seafon.
Penzance, Dec. 2o. We had for two
hours this day, a most dreadsull storm
of hail, thunder and lightning, and at
Gulval, about 3 miles Srom this place,
the lightning enterld a houSe, hurt the
man and his wife, kill'd their Son and a
dng, and beat doyvn the chimney.
Aberdeen, Dec. 25. A frost we had
here on the 2 2d anrs23d was the first
of this winter ; till then the vreather
was fo uncommonly mild, that on tbe
a 2d, a July flower was observed full
blown in a gentleman's garden , and
on the Lovat forfeited estate magpies
laid eggs and hatchld them.
Edinburgh Dec. 26. A Scheme for
building a bridge at Meleo.s, over the
Tweed, by voluntary fubfetiption, has
been Some time on foot, it will be of
great service to Edinburgh, Dallcith and
tbe northern counties of England, the
expenee to be about 2oool.
Bristo/, Idee. 3o. By the late rains,
site road., from Oxford, &e. to this city,
v.ere fo overflow'^, that the post from
thence was detained io hours.
Bristo/, Jan. 6. Yesterday being old
Christmas- Day the same was obstinately
ooserved by our country people in general
; fo that Sbeing market day according
to the order of our magistrates) the
few who brought butter to maiket took
tbe opportunity of raising it to ^d. or
sod a pound.
Worcester, Jan. i 1 . Friday last being
S^ld Christmas- Day, the fame yvas observ-
ed in several neighbouring places, by
means of the Anti-Gregorians, full as
sociably, is not so religiously, as usual :
tho* it seems, at fome villages, the parishioners
so strongly insisted on having
an Old ,5iile nativity sermon, (as they
term'd it ) that their ministers could not
well avoid preaching to them : and, at
fome towns, w here the markets are held
on Friday, not a butter basket, nor even
a Goose, was to be feen in the marketplace
the whole day.
Thursday, Dec. 21.
A Staserastiire ox was kill*d, at B^thficld,
belonging to Sir Walter iVagstof
Bagof Bart. that weigh *d as follows t
Fore quarter 95o Bond 15o
Hind quarter
Hide
Tallow
73^
155
226
Heart, head,
lights, &c. 239
Belly and feet 2^6
26^6
Jan. 4. One Edward Jones, a potter
in Leaden-Hall Market, between ^o
and 6o, many years remarkable for a
large wen on the right side of his neck
extending over his shoulder, which was
of a folid consistence, and computed to
weigh upwards of five pounds, has
been cur'd without incision, or loss cof
bload, by medieines and applications.
administered by Mr. Ogle, of Wa/bmd
Before he was under h i s care he had
been subject to frequent and sudden
effusions of bland, and has lost upwards
of a pint at a time from the bloodvessels
which were fo large that it was thought
dangerous to attempt to cut it off
The whole substance is entirely rooted
out, he is perfectly well, and was not
consin'd cor disordered during the cure,
but constantly attended his businefs.
6. In the evening his majesty play d
at hazard fear the benefit of the grouta
porter. All the royal family vnd
play'd were winners, particularly she
D. ^3ootal The most eonsiderable losers
were the D. of Grafton, the Marq. oS
Huntington, the Earls os Holdernnd
.ristbyr nham, anal Hertford Their foral
highnesses the Pr. of Wales and ^
danted
Edward and a Select company, a
in.

^ J A N U A R Y ,
in the little drawing reoom till eleven
o'clock, when the royal family withdrew.
10. A fcheme for a lottery to raise
6oo,c.oos was laid before the lords of
the treasury.
11. His majesty openid the Sessions oS
parliament with a most gracious Speecb,
which with tbe lords and commons
addresses and anSwers, (See p. 69 .I
l 3. at Paris 3 persons were Sound
poiSoned, and their misfortune is attributed
to the using a cupper dish, winch,
Sor want of cleaning. was covered with
verdigreafe r Upon opening the door
of the room where they were, appeared
a table quite fet out, and a man
stretcher^ upon a bed iai tbe agoaaies of
deatb ; however, by proper application,
he was recovered, but the other
two were dead.
t5. At theG/dBai/rysessions received
Sentence of death. John Brians, Patrick
Nugent, Wm. Baldwin, Joseph Hall
for burglaries and robberies, Timothy
Murphy, for forging a seaman's wail,
and defrauding Tho. Nodes, of 37/. iaa.
2o were fentenced for transportation,
one branded, one whipp'd.
25. Was held a general court of tile
South-Sea company, when a dividend
of 2 per cent. was declared on the capital
stock of the said company for the
half ye.tr ending the 5th inst. payable
the i 4th of next month.
27. This morning about io o'clock
above 4o of tbe trustees appointed by
the last will of Sir Hans S/oan, to take
charge os his Mosieum, met tbe Lord
Cadogan and the other executors, at the
manor houfe, Chesea. His lordship
preduced the will, and acquainted the
trustees with the eodicils, containing
tire dispositions for continuing his collection
together at Che/sea, and for giving
a foratl part of its value to his family
; and
an offer of the said Musatom to the king
^ parliament of England for ao.00 1
to be paid to tbe family: and is the
tante was accepted and continued at
^usea, to give the manor-house and
Vor. V.
land at Che/sea, with the MuSieum as it
is now disposed, which would save the
expence and hazard of removing the
same, and to keep open at preoper hours
for the access of the studious and curious.
Then Mr. Slean acquainted the
trustees, that the executors being apprehensive
of danger, ihe medals os
gold and silver, and fome curious copper
ones, and the precious stones, such
as pearls, rubies, emeralds, &c. had
been removed for safety to tha bank of
Eng/and, and that two of tbe executors
had seen them all packed up. Tha
eailof Macc/efield having been desired
by tbe trustees to take the chair, the
Yvill and codicils were read. An account
also of the nature and value of
tbe Musseum, and an abstract of the articles
it contained, was read bv Mr.
J tmer Emofon, who had taken care erf
the Musseum for many years past, and
was then appointed secretary to the
trustees. S r Geo. Lyttseton then moved,
and Mr. /Vest seconded, that a memorial
should be presented ter bis majesty
relating io this matter, and a cromittee
was appointed to draw up the tame.
The Trustees, for the mstst p.^rf Members
of the Antiquarian or' R. Society, ^re
as so/lows s
Charles Star. Cc^gan,
ESq;
Hans Star.ley, ESq ,
lVilinaSlcam, ESq,
A tare in Volke,, ESq ;
The pr Srdent of the ^
Ste.'ey sir the ti arc
beia.g.
Sr l'aul Metheen.
Jmrer ^Vest, c-Sq t
The treaserer of the
^-yae So. eery sir- the
time b rag.
Tie two S. eetrri-s ne
the ^ca.al Society f r
the tine b. r^.
Si uuel Clarke, ES.r t
The Hear St'cL-.-d
Arundel, ^SSq;
Andreeee. F.S,. ;
Mr. lyp^ An es.
The It.: ^ ..Ssubeley.
Jam. 5 Theos-ld, iil^-
Mr. H.nry Baker.
'trurer or. ring, D. D.
I^eurCollr'r.fm.
Sir lobar Ewtyn, Ba-t,
sthakulaer of Ssse,,
Fisq ;
Stepan Ha'er. D D.
T-eo Jacofsm. Etq ;
Sre-.it L.eth.eli'i r, ESq;
Sir Jeiertes Loath, r,
Start.
Sir George Lett c'os,
ft rt.
Co art S Lyrt.e .a D.D,
de.au ofiaxeter.
^.y.ry 'aeries,' D. P.
.l^ad^ltou, Falq;
St ^etiigeSau- lie- b.rt
^.'r lze-v Sarathft..'
Part.
Csorles ^teanrepa, Efq t
e COu. t et aat. e.d .ant Lord
1 adaxea.e of tare U.aCas
Frati^m. Sa-ane

M A G A 2 1 N E of M A G A ^ 1 N E S ,
'
^oane ^lstrir.re,D.D. | Haney C^ent of A List of Births for' the Year 1 7 53.
The rellear of ChelSca RcufS.
for the time being. The Baron os Watte- Dec. 28. ADY of Count C-^ernic-
The bSoreoieraiale Philp vitse.
1752. L hew, the Bussian ambas-
Ycrke. Esq ;
Th Baron of GreSsador, deliverld of a daughter.
^r tVilliom Codrngton, deast, Chence!Sor os
San 7. WiseoS Bamaby Blackwell,
Bart.
tbe Unatar Fratrum.
CacorSaS Gray. ESq Y The ^eta. Haoary Cossert
Efq ; of a Son and heir.
General James
de St. Aubin d'Ei- i l .—of Cha. Talbot, ESq ; oS a
de.ypr.
pie z. ^geart os the daughter.
Tohsa ^eruby, F.so ,
Unatar bratrieaer. 23. Lady oS Sir Rich. Bamfyld, of
Mf. Gae.rge Bel.'. The Horace rail • John
BS^p'S^hater.
a So.i and heir.
ISlaeiipden, ESa ;
B.s'o of Baaagesr.
Thest'tht H-n. Feiward
Cea!. Soahcrly.
Mr. Tayl.r.
A List ofMartiages for the Year 175^.
Southwell, F Sq ; Mr. Halset.
Jan. l.'I^llliatn Westbrook Rich-
Sir Join Huathcote,
L'aet.
Jehar eMia'nes, Esq ;
Stir. lVrlliarrr l^a ^n.
Mr. James Fmppim.
Srr P.ier Thoaa.psin,
Krrt.
The liaaaoeera'Se Hor
v ardSon of the Middle
Temple, ESq ; was marry'd to Miss
Johnson of Great-(daaeen-street,
Sir 'loh^ Barnard.
S r iVilltam Calveet.
Sl'egrby Bath.ll, Ei'q;
ratio l^apola, Jtaaa.
ES'q;
Mr. Wan. Alexander, merchant, to
Miss MonSey, daughter of Dr. Moii-
Sey, 6coo/.
Some hemp, rais'd in Scalane/, is 2. George Blount of Henley upon
brought to town in order to preacaire Thames, Fsq ; to Miss Esther Tlubou
encouragement for the growth ofit in of Antigua.
the highlands, o:c.
Stephen Pitt of Kensington, ESq ;
Ships put info Commissen this Month as to Miss Arthlayton. 6ooo/.
GueirdishipS, and their Stations.
Mr. Henry Waste, to Mist Robin-
Shits.
Invincible,
Monarch,
Kent.
herw .ait.
Feargeatiot,
AroScon,
Tygrr,
Cul.Oa'ch,
Sessr.erfee.
Y arme.utfr.
Cumberland.
Y auguard.
G.ins.
Captains.
^4 Robe-t Pert.
'd
-y itober- Martin. a -ro
-a fa. dredges Red. i ^
Chorles catieard.
^•4 Richard linghea.
Oeta Charles Stolaiae .
tin SaaUUa I M-aa Slaal.
-4 Henry ^'ard.
FSarry s o w ! e t t .
^ro William Brett.
tats Tho. Aatdrews.
. - - .
son, onlv daughter oS Nic. Robinson oS
Thicket-Hall, Yorkshire, ESq ; a5ooo/.
Tho. Pellet, ESq ; to Miss Lawley
of Bond street.
5. Wra. Kilborn, ESq ; to Miss Beveil.
6. John Trov Hnssey, ESq ; to miss
AbbeSs, with i 2,ooto/.
to. Rev. Dr. Harrison, to Mies Wingheld.
i i Tho. 1 lodgion oS Leeds. FSe^ ;
Northumberland,^ lord ColvilS.
to lady Mary Bland, relict of Sir Tho.
Mars. ^„ho Amhrrrtt.
Bland
Augusts, ^o Stem. je.San Byrean.
John Fenwicke os B arron-hall, Lan-
st.taa ee, ^ Thomas Latham.
cashire, Esi^ ; to Miss BenniSon oc
Salisbury, ^o Thomas Knowict
1 ^ Hornby, neat that place, with 6oo 1.
i.aistot.' ^ tlayir PalliSer. d
Several other
pe'r Aatat.
• ships are or.fer'd f ^r the
Bultick.
26. John Pist, F.Sq ; member Star
30 In the Lendoai Garaette an adver- Dorchester, and a Lord of trade aud
tiseailent is pablish'd, whereby the king Plantations, to Miss Morgan of St.
has promised bis pardon, aaad tliee.nl James's-street.
of Bath a re '.yard of 25/. to any person
who will discover bis, her, or their A List of Deaths for the Year 1753*
accomplices, who, were concerned in
ir a aiming, or cutting off the teats and
sails of five milch cows of il i/itata
^e^a'.'h, farmer, near at.-alt.
Dec.
Bart.
John Maxwell of Paob
lock, in North Idritata,
Relict os Sit Ssdenhasn Fowke, Bits.
29' battstty

^9. Henry Coventry, ESq; a near
relation to the E. of CoY'entry, author
os the Dia/ogrees hetwecn Philemo.i and
Slydespes, on fase re/igion ; possessed of
an estate in Cambridgeshire.
Jan. i . Relict of John Holden of
Egham, ESq;
Pye, Esq; of the Bishopric of Durham.
2. Wm Couchman of Kent, ESq;
Mifs Bridges oS Ormond-street, an
heiress oS 3o,oool.
4. Mr. Sana. Coadby, city measurer.
George Speke of Dillington, Somersetshire,
Esq; he was member in the
f tur last pailiaments Soy Milbourn Port,
Taunton, and Wells ; his only daughter
Succeeds to 40001. a year.
6. Peter Hooper of Woolwich,
J^ent, ESq;
7. Mrs. Porter, mother to his majesty's
ambassador in Turkey, and to
Alderman Porter.
Mr. Wright, minister of St. John,
Hackney.
8. Sir Thomas Burnet, one of the
judges of the court of Common Pleas,
oSthe gout in his stonaach, at his houSe
in Lincoln's Inn fields, universally lamented
• He was the eldest fon of Dr.
Gilbert Burnet, Some time since Bp. oS
^ishury ^ was Several years bis majely*s
conSul at Lisbon ; and in November
1 74 r was made one of the
.indues oSthe Common Pleas, in room
.hedge ForteScne, who was appointed
Walter oS the Rolls ; and on Nov. 23,
t745, when the lord chancellor, judges,
and association of" the gentlemen of the
^•'i waited on his maielty with their
^•dreSs, on occasion of the rebellion,
^as knighted. By his death the pub-
^ nas lost an able and upright judge,
^s friends a sincere, Sensible, and agreea-
^^^hanion, and the poor a great
Haves, Efqrdep. gov, of Laniard
foyt. ^ ^
9- Jalper Edwards, Esq; at Lam-
^hn Rawlinfon of Little Leigh, in
J A N U A R Y, ^
Chesh. Esq; fourth fon ot Sir Thomas
Rawlinfon, onee Lord Mayor of London.
Theodore Ecclestone of Mortlalte,
Esq;
12. Albert Neshit, Esq; an eminent
merchailt, suddenly in bis cbariot.
Rev. Sir Simon Every of Eginton,
Derbyshire, Bart.
13- — — Holford of Bedford-row,
Esq; late a master in Cbancery,
Dr. Bowtell, vicar of Patrixbourne,
Kent.
16. Josepb da Costa ofTotteridge,
Hertfordshire, ESq;
1 8. Earl oSStrathmore, in Scotland.
2o. Mrs. Marv Jenkins, belonging
to the clothworkers alms bouses, Suddenly,
aged 1 1 o, and never used Spec.
tacles.
William Chambers, Esq; rear admiral
of the red.
22. Mr. Goodwin, rector of Clapham,
Surry.
sMicajah Perry, Esq; Lord Mayor of
London in 1738.
At Jamaica ; — Hassie, Esq; he
left upwards of 5ool. a year, to his
brother, a corporal in the 3d Reg. of
foot-guards.
28. Ambrofe Powvs of Lincoltl's-
Inn, Esq;
A List ofPrefertnents fir the Year 1725 a
From the London Gazette.
St. James's I" IS majesty in council
Jan. 25 I .I was this day pleased to
appoint George Thomas, Llq; to be
Capt. Gen. and Governor in chief of
his majesty's Caribbee Islands ; and
Arthur Dobbs, Esq; M. P. for Carrickfergus
in Ireland, to be Caor. Gen.
and Governor six chief of North Carolina.
From other Papers.
^^Apt. Pierey Brett, (mentionldwith
honour as lieutenant in Anion's
voyage) received the honour of knighthood.
— — Corbet, Esq; fworn in high
bailiff of Westminster, (Leigh, ref)^
M a Frarcioa

Tft' M A G A 2 t N E of M 'A G A 2 1 N E
Francis Cust of the Middle Temple,
Esq ; choScn recorder of Grantham,
Lincolnshire.
AleSf. Seymour Gapper, ESq ; appointed
a copies in the 1st Reg. of
horse-guarels.
Dr. Thomas Bp. of Peterborough,
— P e'epteor to the Pr. of Wales.
Ne. Verney, Esq ;—Cornet ; and
Rich. Hallet Wincombe, Elq ; ^^
Capt. in tbe blue Guards.
George Augustus Selsyyn, Esq; elerk
of the crown in Idarbadoes, &c. (his
Sather dee.)
John Lawfcon, Esq;—steward of the
manors of Stepney and Hackney,
(Benny, dee.)
Cob Isradock) Col.osthcR. of dragoons,
in the room oS
Sir Jeohn Ligonier—Col. of the
horse-guards blue, (Bichmond, dec.)
Sir Richard Adams, recorder of Londeon,—a
Baron of the Exehaquer, in
room of .
Baron Clive,—a Judge ofthe eourt
of Common Pleas, (Burnet, dec.)
Mr. Joseph White,—e lerk assistant
to 'ha houfe of Peeas. (Mertest, dec'.)
And Mr. De Grey,—reading elerk.
n i . Johnforr,—yeoman ofthe mouth
and of the privy kitchen, to his majesty
Mr. Corn. Thrift,—St. John, V.
Hackney.
Mr. John Cleobury,—Woodbum,
V. Bueks.
Alterations in the Lift of Parliament.
Places. Elected: in re om of
W'eSSmin-oEdw. Cornw-allis 0 without opp.
strr. a lace G. ofN. Scotia o Warren dec.
Rutlandshire, T heat Notl. jcahro Neael, dec.
Barckinghamsh. Comm. Welf,E. Temple,peer,
lishorfraftle ,—Dathwood, Sam. Chil-S, alee.
lSeaumaris, ^chn Owen, Y'if. BulkeSry, dec.
Wendover, Earl YScrrrry, his lather dec.
Br s. e of Mortalay from Dec. ad to ^an. a;.
Buried
Males yaoz,-
Females a a a ^
^tnder a Years old t.a;
Between a and ^ raSi
^ and ro-^- 4a
lo and ao— 4^
ao and ^co^ro^
^o and 40^ l ay
po and ^o-^r
t^o and^o^ao^
po and ^o-^
and po^ ^4
po and roo^ y
raoand ror^- o
rc^oa
Christened
Males ^4 s.s
Females ^o ^ ^
Berried.
Within the walls rt^
Watht. the v. alls ^4
Mid. and Surry y^i
City ^Sulo.^'cSt.s;:
YYeckly San. a,
Mr. Tho. Gal way, yeoman of his ^ d^Sllfly C A T A L O S ^
majesty's pantry, (Smith, dee)
Ecclesiastical Preferments.
1 TEtary Hubbard, B. D. choScn
I L Lady Margaret's preacher at
G.aaaitorlaye, (Garroet, pr.)
Rev. Mr. ParSect,— lecturer of AHhallows,
Lombard-street. (Broughton,
reS.)
Mr. Naorthcote,—lecturer of St. Mielsactl,
Wood -street.
Dr. Stephen Pratt, appointed chaplain
in ordinary to his majesty, (Fllis,
promoted).
Cha. lley.-t, A. B. pref to Bedlingfield
R. Surry.
H n. and ltev. Fred Hamilton. 2d
Son of Id Archibald Hamilton—Wei.
Iingboronghs V. Northamptonshire.
r
in.
a;*
i^oa
4il
lilfl
DrvrtCrrv, MortArrrv.
i. t Serious aeldoss ti all janr rbrsinrr er
s Y rnong protectant arSnt.rs, on the ^p-'i
ministry. as. OSwald.
a. Youth's friendly monitor. as. Rerd.
An e^ey on Mr-. brume's ESlay oar tirade,
By-^sr. Adrmt. as. Cooper.
4. ^ view of the ^ sprrts in .ran : ^her.nrtr
cahihrted the oraint stance of true relgon Coanyias.
An essey SOu-eads o reUiuede ofrcehtnd
docteiia-e of orgiad sin By ^ameS bate, irS.
as. nd. Oweer.
ri. The roth ndumeosDr. Lardner's erect
lay of the gotod kstory. ^ S, Noon. . ,
A errand comm. rotary up^r Tobat, a--'--
B.rurch Sulanara, eiaal Bel ar.-dthe Dr-^s.
R. Arnold, B. D. nd.^ets. Knapton.
St. 7 he works os ChaaStina ^ sawe-ar.
as. Cad. tt'iliorr. a
ea. ^ sinae of ca^rueon pingersin iitorra-i^
CVCtiisr. i -. Ma.lcr.
10.

fi^ J A N U A R Y ^
re. A pr-uself r the amendment and encourog. 24. The world No. I.
ing os ferae ants. C^d Shuckburg.
2 ^ . Amastrrg and instructive sebses, French and
i a . Prefeanptive eargumee.tr sir the truth and ^ English. a.. brardang.
diving authority of the chiastiau relgieaa. Boards 2^. Secret history osPythogorsS. as. Griffiths.
^S. Millar.
aa- The lealyriaath , a ealectim of conundrums.
a a. Dr Webtler'S disuses sn prayer and the Crd. Teen Tat.
seasranaents (by se^siription.) ^s Rivington. 211. The true use ofBetty 'Ireland, wish sine
Fir s r orav.
aceoeant es herpster Braarche. c^d Robin.
r Tbe commenterri'es of CaSat, trarstafed by 2^. alhe cafS ofSiemenS the Polish se-w, with
Wm. Duncan. Folio Toason.
his appeal to ihepublic thereon. as. Od.
14. Pr.7redice detected by sects : ^ra caaaasidend Lettres.de madame de Maincen^u. Nourse.
rrrpartial enquiry into the reign of Elizabeth ; ^r. Some accoauit of ihe Irish. is. Ceaoper.
se Tar as relates to Mary of Scots. as. ed. —A snort preface arret tt titles take up ^ aeatet,
Corbet.
ays pages soilow, arid eoaatain a dspleey of the po-
i ^ • The travels and adventseres of Wm. Bringzaerty aa.d manner of the Irish, but the stile is
held, Fsi ; Weathers.
net e^al to Seaifa'l or Berkley's. ' ^he meadrows,
Por.rrv.
' aresirfile ofgrafs yet hay is a rearity orretae^
rtr. FaaneLamcoatal laws and coestitutions of y
a them, and would c^ef themr si much pains to make
is' gd ms and states in Europe. Collected by Ale.
a it, that they seldom, is ever, trouble either
Ph Hips. Meadows.
e their heads or heanSs abosat it. As sir their
a arable grossed, if Ires eonemoaes as mr.cb aae^lect-
a Ybe adaaantegrs ts the revolution .illustrated.
e ed as theseaaety dofarts of Arabia ; their national
is. Ctwen.
e erstom of^loaagling by tying their wooden rinrr.ese
a Si. ktSrp^tion of the motives, which have deter.
a to the herses tad, and that other seefl.se rmpm-
rriued the ceeg (ofPrerSSiay to lay an attachment upe
taideraee of surr.eng thir eaats to Sar e ttre labour
on the capital funds, wb eh his meafe^ty bad promf d
a of threqletrg, Cke. stew them to be nothing more
to reimburse to thefubyects oftaaeat isricain, arid
a than a wabd herd of aitimals. This soth aa.d
topeo ur. to hts seelyeucts, art indemnity sir tbe lsses
a carelessee-se is one reeafou why all serts of grain .
auhichthy heave sesteir.ed by .theEnglath private. rs.
a a Ray mond. Irr a y ^ the ^n.p ror Charles • and srui't are of a less and more dg. a. erase
YS. borrowed of certain persens in England, with • growth than rn other eour.irees.' ItprOeeets Io
his Britannic ar-eajesty's permi^on, 2 s o.ooetd. at st.-w the neaingsi and siniofdraese of the women.
^ per Cent. and rre.rtgaged the filater mines in gives iisteauCes of cowardice and elseoingty of the
SaleSaa far the peiymera of it. By the treaty of rnen ; aaed fepesinion aaa.l igrrorarace in loth, arA
Breslau in r -as, thes^. ofliunaary, then ear profs, conedeAes tbaes p. 4s- e^ aaaany esthurrawhef
yielded up SileSra including the filter ratines, to the • ^ras the raame of the Yar-in Mary. and 'tr5
K. of PrartIia, who thereupon eagaged to r-py to • tear to one, but thy assurer jean or tseriart,
tbe English the seems secured by tbs mortgage. < aaad that St. Patrick was h.rgodsithir.'
Yes treaty teas greeararrtied by trrs Britannic ma A lick at thru all, or the se.oderaeoa-. ^d
ye ^y . Th re i s now a eoeS^'ereable pari of this loan Reeves. ^ Tis by a friend to Dr . kirll.j
in the K ofPruSsr.a's hands. aud he has, iaasseal of Aneatt-mpt torecoucde all di^'ereraces be-
prying it to us, stewed it to moke good the tweaa the preser.i fellows and trc.ntiases rfthe
which his o-an selects have sustained during the college ofphrSaei.aaes. ^d. Payne.
late war, by oaer ferzing their seeps. tho' they we're
MiSiau's umveofal rugrsler. 2s.
oferwarata releofd. Yhe paumph-'e| is intended to
Y^e agreeable medley. ;s. Gri^ths.
prove sheet by this eapplicatron the K. of Pmlsra has
^n aearsurer to Herrry Woodward, cca.ne-
net riedatcd the treata. s ofBeetlaar, aaedconse^Ue-aitly
dian, nd. This is the while- title wtboui a pri..-
that th ga.araute. ofthe ke'ag G. B. etud that ofEaag.
ter, peedlifu er or aeab-is nanee. e^s it is a har.n.
lar d which it me larder i-irar'ars rnsr're ; a^uaraaetee
lest piece, it may he aste-d, fash caution^
of which the King of Pruiiaa seys he well knows
— It a ms at a aaiiadication of Di-. lies^. The
liar to .asserted ctually, of oecastonshould^ir, and
ae.rde is bus a ^ pager, ts t^ raise reseaitmer.t a-
past think hiaiselse dstagaged si
gain! woodward, y on ihe Grecian and Roman
cme his guarantees,
stage, aud pur.str rg their ossaidirg actors ; tr in
a^i.'h regard to tire regae-agfamaly .in England, aaed
sea-eesr of Dr. Fill's cond-ect arad ^ to make mar-
toe el. cte-^1 ^ ^ ^nover. la •i of the frigs
tial write low, ar.-d has L .tin iai a aa.r paseituv
tafen audd.saiuudrs added.
deleta sera, because l^r. FSill nead censor 'd it eay
Paavsae.
such. not kraoueie.g it was froare t.c artial. ' a a r, A ,
Winteringhana's works. 2. v. Br. Davis.
' we are tedd, mist be unpoeeicA, heraest the
Ma sol a. r Ay,' roar s. -
' f ugular nserrrhe'r. and laas (which sgrrrser
A letter to Andrew Stone, fse,
2r • e^ letter to the E.rrlofHarcotrrt. Cad.
-2. The new .year's gse. ad. sywen.
• si) is a wretched. feubse, relariv., ezplets^ets f
^lt thiir apologise a sir Dr. ltitl p. 20. • No
^ ^'Slopp'd as fhear quills t ^er, ^ro- ' w ry.aier that a lad of genteel birth arad Sprrght-
Is sir depluming s.i.,1 yea facofarg the titai lite . ' lpd t.e-t.^ii.afting
r^t. is. Coepea.
SC^ lad voletciaartly Oae.eieaed
lersief

^4 ^ M A G A 2 1 N ^
e hiirrsesfrom the ausseri'tirs of on cner rigid fae
iher. and ache by this puerile delinquency had
c bs sie.'ui.e to seek. prould attempt actiatg, that
. his (happily ) failing thro' boyiSm (far Woesds
wao' wasnotapprotrd at fr^iastould uci lssen
s hie charaC?er as ara ilhaStrious artist, whom
s suture ea^es will ^lok upon els an ornament to
S the republic of Liters, and an honour to his raa-
• tr' e eeaaeutrr.
^ prup^iel sir making an essential protison
sir the poor, sir amending their mors.Se arad
rendering them ofsul io siceety; with a plan of
the buildings proofed and their eS-aoations. By
Air. bietdaog. Loedacate-dto tbe S^t. Hon. Henry
Peham, ^se; as. saillar. Mr. Field n^
remarks, that the best p^lty is thai in oar larch alt
the members, not render .an reit-r i'noeipacrty, con.
iriin^e a feaare to toe strength and wealth of the
pablrc . thai the por can contribute raaiihaa.g but
i^-ar labour 1 hai the lgi^aitnre S^onld th- resere
procure the mee.ns of sieu e'aaheur, arad compel the
of M A G A ^ l N E ^ ,
poor to execute it ; and that ibis hat sir more theno
son years been attempted by our legislature, bat
without Success. t^on this pr-ncipleS aMr. Fielding,
hating made himsof acquainted with all that
has been hitherto don-' eand heamrg by long eopericnee
gar eta d seme aknowlee^e os the Cerrses ofits
an si- eaey, has seemed his plan . wSaith eappears to
ur. highly to deserve the attent on ofthe public and
1 gilati.re. .^rad eaery mean of iustucuce abouS the
mearprlis would do well to give the as hole an immediate
peruses ; for xo man os whatever abilities
can fringe this work withei.-it iayurra to the writer,
dec. card the caest wheels he has uud-rtaken^
^St, Th- pa^urrrada l with aerates aiaroruaii.
The will ofSer Flaus ^loane. as.
TraArr^ aaad Cosrzrzr.er.
40. The uaatversat merohatat. 4to ios. nd.
Owen.
4r. ^n en^-rry into the eaofe of the prefent
highprice ofSug.rs. ^S. Cooper.
S The kcerraara.de r in oar neat. ^
^ ^ ^ "a^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 's ^ ^ s ^ ^ s ^ e^s e^s e^, a^,
Jt^ MONTHLY S^HRONOLOGER suY f ^ - ^ L . A A ^ .
Jan. 3o. HE workmen in pulling to Lucy, daughter of the late Nicholas
1 down the Foundation of Hansard, Efq;— (2 f ) Thomas Dunbar,
the Bound Clofet at the Castle, found Efq , colonel of a regiment of foot to
a Skeleton standing upwright againft Abigail, daughter of David Jones, oS
the wall, with Some of the cloaths oni Clonmoyle, county of Westsheath, Fsq ;
and Brogues Sewed with leather on the —George Dunbar, ESq; to Mrs. Agar
fret, but upon endeavouring to remove widow os the late Henry Agar, os Goois,
sell all to Pieces : There have been ran, county of Kilkenny, Efq ;—(3^)
Iikeevife get in the foundation, several George Lloyd, os Clonineil, Efq ; to
Pieces of old coins.—Great number of Mary daughter of Mr. James Cummins
foreign prtotellants waited upon his ex- os that place, merchant.
regency the lord chancellor, to be na- Dtarm.
turalired, when they took the oaths of Jan. si'R. Richard Nightengal, os
allegiance, according to act of parlia- ^ v^ Ballard, in the King's
meat. county. —(7) William Cummin, Fsq ;
MARRlAoES. counsellor at law at South Miins, in
Jan. 4-d^EORGFBirch ofKilken- Hertfordshire, in his Journey to the
ny Ffq ; to thedaughter fouth of France, for the recovery of his
osBobert laangrifh Esq; collector of health.— (7) Isabella Knox, of Strabane,
that city—Jamfs Darcy of Gal way, aged io4, her hushand died five ^ ears
Efq ; to the eldest daughter of Edwyn ago, aged 93 —(8) Rev. Edward Clifbandy
s Reynolds, os Dcrkane. county ton, many years incumbent of the paof
Rciscomon, Efq ;—John King, Efq; rish of Carrickeens, near Londonderry.
attorney at law, to Mis. Sanish, widow (n)Mrs. Elizabeth Jones, widow oi
cf Mr. Nathauiel Smith, woollen-dra- Lewis Jones, Esq ; deputy Auditor geper.-^(t6)
Marlborough Sterling, Efq ; neral oi Ireland.
seeondarv of thecourt of common Pleas, it. Str Hans Sloahe, Bart- at
Chelsea s

^JANUARY, l^.
Chelsea: He has left two daughters,
one the Lady CadOgan, the other willow
oS Stanley, Esq ; oS Hants,
between whom he has left his real
and personal estates, except a few legacies.—His
curious collection of rarities,
&c. he has by his will provided
for continuing together in his manor
house at Chelfea ; and for that purpose
an offer os it is to be made to the king
or parliament of England for 20,000/.
to be paid to his executors for the use
ofhis daughters, but if the Said aocoo/.
is not paid in a year aster his death,
then on the fame condition it,is to be
offered to the academy of Sciences at
Petershurgh, and to those of Paris,
Berlin, and Madrid, and if all these
reSuSe it upon tboSe terms, (tho* but a
fourtb part of its value) tbe executors
aredirected to Sell it in Such manner as
tbey tbink expedient Sor tbe above purpose
He Yvas born at Killvdagb
la tbe County oSDowne, Srom whence
his tbirst aSter knowledge tempted bim
to remove in his youth. He accompanied
Christopher, Duke of Albemarle,
to Jamaica in Sept. t687> of
which colony be had been appointed
governor, bis family pbysician. in
this voyage be visited most of tbe Car.hbee
Islands. The Duke dying, be
returned in i6S8, and brought to England
Soo Samples os plants either dried
or drawn in Crayons. He Soon
^tew eminent in his profession, was
made president of the Royal Society,
and of the college of physicians, London
; first physician to King Ceorge I.
(^bo created him a Baronet) and to bis
l^feSent majesty : He was likewise created
a member of tbe academies of' Seizes
at Petershurgh, Paris, Madrid,
Berlin • elected fellow os the coirs^
^ Pbyficians a: Edinburgh, and
^r. of physic of the Universe v of
Dublin.—His library econsisted of up-
^rds of 4a,o00 volumes of printed
ooks, and above 3000 volumes os ma-
^.apts, relating principally tea natural
^lory and pbysic. His Mulicutn a-
^tmted rn the year 1253> to 6935a
particulars (including his MSS) which
is perhaps the most magnificent private,
if not public, collection upon
earth. A collection, the use or inspection
uSwhich he never refused to any
one.—The works be ba^ published arc,
1st, A Catalogue oS Jamaica Plants,
London 1697. z. A voyage to lamaica,
&c. wish tbe natural bistory,
&c. of tbat Island, Vol. I. i7o7, folio.
3. Vol. H. 1725, folio. Besides a variety
oS papers Scattered thro* tbe Phil.
Transact.
Francis Chute, ESq ; Collector of
Dingle.—13. At bis bouse in Dublin,
Ceorge Com, ESq ; of Tenelick, in
tbe co. of LongSord, late Second justice
of tbe Court of Common Pleas. He
was appointed Attorney General to K.
Ceorge I. on the 3d os Dec. 1714,
and justice of the common pleas 19
May 172o, which he resigned in 1745,
on account of bis advanced age. He
bath lest large estates to bis fons, A.rtbur
Core, I'.sq, M. of P. for the county of
Longford, 'and John Co's. Esq; M. of
P. for Jamestown, and Council to tbe
Commissioners of his Majesty's revenue.—Richard
Tigbe, Esq ; counsellor
at law.—(i4 ) The Rt. Rev. Dr. Ceo.
Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne ; a man illustrious
for bis learning, and more illustrious
for his virtue. He was educated
in the university of Dublin, and afterwards
travelled into Italy, form
whence he wrote an account os tbe
island lrarime, extant among Peope'S
letters : He afterwards formed tbe design
of fixing an university in tbe Bermudas,
for the improvement of our colonies,
and the educatioii ofIodiaars) to
be employed as missionaries among
their countrymen. For this college be
erbtained a charter, in which be vvas appointed
president, and a certain number
of fellows, selected by himself, were in..
crorporated , but the design miscarrying
for want of me.ney, be vsas advanced
in 1734, from the deanery of Deny to
the Bilhoprick of Clovne, v. here be distinguished
himself by pastoral vigilance,
and constant residence, and at o.vee endeared
o

^ M A G A 2 1 N E of M A G A 2 1 N E
deared himfelf' to his people, and promoted
industry, by purchasing nothing
for himfelf or family from any remote
place, winch was manufactured, however
impersectly, in his own little town.
When P/utarct^ was asked, why he resided
in his native city fo obfcure and
little ; 1 stay said bo, lest it should grow
lese. Such was the Bp. Berkeley's adherence
to his Cloyne, that he refused
a richer Bishoprick offered him by the
Earl of Chesterfield; but refolving to
educate his fon at Oxford, his paternal
tenderness incited him to accompany
him, and he intended to have passed
three years among books and Scholars ;
a satisfaction, whidishis fear of neglecting
the sacred charge of episcopacy inclined
him to have purchased, by an
exchange of bis bishopric sor a canonry
of C'hriitchurch ; but the clergy could
find no precedent of such resignation.
He died among his family at the teatable,
not perceived be i'I, till his
daughter obferving that he did not
reach out his hand as she offered him
the cup, role up to his assistance and
found him motionless. * ' Whoever leads
< a life like him, needs be the less anx-
< ious at how short a warning it is
< taken from him.' Clorendo.t of Fae'kiand—
His works are not very numerous,
but written yvith deep reflection,
and sometimes paradoxical and abstrulc.
In the early part of bis life he ay rote
a dissertation against the existence of
material being and external objects,
with Such fobtelty that I know not
whether any anfyver has been attempted,
except by Baxter in his Treatise on
the Sold. Whiston relates, that he recommended
the task of confuting it to
Dr. Clark, being unequal io it himSelf
—He afterwards wrote Alcipbron, or
the minute philosopher, in which he
defends Christianity against Infidelity
iii all its varieties.—His next work was
a Treatise on Tar-Watet, os which
the effect is v.ell remembered—He reprinted
after his return to England a
Small volume os tracts, among which
are queries relating to the ttede and
t
proSpetity of this kingdom, of which
he appears to have very clear and enlarged
conceptions. By this performance
he compleated his wish of promoting
the welfare of mankind, wish
respoct to mind, body, and fortune.
(t5) Berkeley, eldest fon of Edward
Taylor os Ballynorth, co. of Limerick,
Esq ; in the t9rh year of bis age. •
(i6) Mrs. Hennah Donnellan, widest
of John Donnellan, of JohnStown, co.
of Meath, Esq; M. of P. for the borough
of Ardee, and daughter to the
late right hon. Sir Ralph Core, Bart.
fpeaker of the house of commons,
chancellor of the exchequer, ^tc.—
Mrs. Jephfon, wise to John Jephson of
Carrick, co Tipperary, Esq ; —(.to)
At Yonghall, David Chaigneau, Esq;
M. of P- for the borough of Gowran.
(2i) Stiddenly in the widows Almshouse
os St. Michan's parish, Mrs. Devereux,
aged ii9— (24) Mr. Samad
Ort, os Galleny, co. Deny, in the t^sh
year ofhis age, a brave old Londoner.
Soldier.-—Oliver 1'airclougli, ESq ; ald.^
os Drogheda—(25) Anne Holmes art
Kilimucklan, king's co- aged i ^o yeas-.
—In Dublin, on his way to Bath, the
rev. Dr. Vim. Chandler os Kilkenny
—(29) Dr. LaU. Richardson, a roinaa
cathorick priest, titular Bp. of Kiliuyit.
PROMOTIONS.
(16) The Right Rev. Dr. Robot
Doyvnes, Bp. of Downe and Connor,
translated to the see of Raphoe.— Bi^nt
Rev. Dr. Arthur Smith, Bp. os Clensert,
translated to the fees ofDownc aid
Connor-—(26) Hon. and Rev. ^t^
Carmicliael, L. L. D. constituted^
osClorisert and Killmacduagh — stev.
Dr. John Pellihet, vice provost os t^
University of Dublin, presented hp
the college to the living of Ardstro^,
diocese of Derry.— Rev. Dr. Johis
Whittingham, Senior fellow, to the ^
vingos Rathmehon in the Same diocese
—(29) Rev. David Freeman to ing
consolidated Rectory and Vicarage ^
Castle-haven in the diocese ol ^ir
vesd by the death osRev, Thomas ^
mervell.