glossary of islamic terms.pdf - YasSarNal QuR'aN

May Allah be pleased with all of them. Umar was renowned
for his justness and strength, and for his refusal to compromise
the teachings of Islam in any way. He was the Khalifaa from
13AH to 23 AH. He asked Allah for martyrdom in the way of
Allah in Madina, and his request was answered. Umar died
after be ing stabbed in the stomach while doing the dawn
prayer in the Mosque of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace.
Umm'me ٢ٓلأا
An unlettered person. This term is used in the Qur'an to
describe the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, who could neither read nor write and who
never received any formal education. To the unbeliever here is
food for thought: how could an illiterate man have brought
such a completely perfect book (the Holy Qur'an), perfect in its
meaning, message, grammar and overall content, if it were not
with divine help? No other book exists on earth that has such
perfect content and structure. A challenge to all unbelievers!
Mankind and Jinn! Assemble together and try to produce just
one Surah (chapter) like it. You will never be able to do it,
even if you were to try until the Day of Resurrection you will
not succeed! No created being has ever been or ever will be
able to meet this challenge, for the Holy Qur'an is truly the
Book of Allah. Plural: Ummiyeen. See Khatam Anbiyaa.
The Umayyad Caliphs (40-132 A.H./661-750 A.D.)
خ٣ٞٓلأا خكلاقُا
The Umayyad Caliphs (40-132 A.H./661-750 A.D.) : The
Muslim Umayyad Caliphs belong to the Banu Umayyah of the
Quraish. The first among them was Mu`awiah bin Abi Sufyan
and the last was Marwan II. Damascus was their capital. After
being overcome by the Abbasids, they moved to Andalusia and
ruled in Cordoba from 138-422 A.H./756-1031 A.D. Their first
ruler in Andalusia was `Abdul-Rahman Al-Dakhil. Their rule
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